name	Raymond
gender	Male
meaning	"Counsellor, "Protector"
origin	Germanic
nickname	Ray
footnotes	}}

Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ''Raginmund'' or ''Reginmund.'' "Ragin" (Old German) and "regin" (Gothic) meant "counsel." The Old High German "mund" originally meant "hand," but came to mean "protection." This etymology suggests that the name originated in the Early Middle Ages.

Despite the German and French origins of the English name, some of its early uses in English documents appear in Latinized form. As a surname, its first recorded appearance in Britain appeared in 1086, during the reign of William the Conqueror, in the Domesday Book, with a reference to Giraldus Reimundus.

The most commonly used names for baby boys based on "ragin" in 2009 were, in descending order, Raymond, Ramiro, Rayner, Rein, Reingard, Reynard, and Reynold. Its many other variants include Raiment, Raimo, Raimond, Raimondi, Raimondo, Raimund, Raimundo, Ramon, Ramón, Ramond, Ramondelli, Ramondenc, Ramondi, Ramondini, Ramondino, Ramondo, Ramondou, Ramonenc, Ramonic, Ramundi, Rayment, Raymonenc, Raymonencq, Raymont, Raymund, Redmond, Redmonds, Reim, Reimund, Reinmund, Rémon, Rémond, Remondeau, Remondon, Rémont, Reymond, Rimondi, and Rimondini.

People[link]

Historical[link]

Aristocracy:

Raymond I, Count of Toulouse (died 865)

Raymond II, Count of Toulouse (died 924)

Raymond III, Count of Toulouse (died 978)

Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse (c. 1041 or 1042–1105)

Raymond V, Count of Toulouse (1134–1198)

Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (1156–1222)

Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse (1197–1249)

Raymond II of Tripoli (c. 1115–1152), Count of Tripoli from 1137 to 1152

Raymond III of Tripoli (c. 1142–1187), Count of Tripoli from 1152 to 1187

Raymond-Roupen (died 1219), Prince of Antioch

Raymond of Poitiers (c. 1115–1149), Prince of Antioch

Raymond Roger Trencavel (1185–1209)

Raymond of Burgundy (1070–1107), married to Queen Urraca of Castile

Saints:

Raymond of Penyafort (c. 1175–1275), medieval canon lawyer

Raymond Nonnatus (1204–1240), ransomer of hostages

Chronicler

Raymond of Aguilers (1096–1099), chronicler of the First Crusade

Surname[link]

Alex Raymond, comic strip artist

Alfred John Raymond, mayor of Brisbane

Allen Raymond, American political consultant

Antonin Raymond (1888–1976), Czech architect

Edward Burleson Raymond, foreman of the King Ranch and founder of Raymondville, Texas

Eric S. Raymond, computer programmer

Eugene Raymond, South African military commander

Gary Raymond, British actor

Harold "Tubby" Raymond, American college football coach

Harry Raymond, English footballer

Henry Jarvis Raymond, American journalist and politician; founder of ''The New York Times''

Jade Raymond (born 1974), Canadian video game producer and television personality

Janice Raymond (model)

Jonathan Raymond, American writer

Lee Raymond, CEO of ExxonMobil, 1999–2005

Lisa Raymond, American professional tennis player

Mason Raymond, Canadian National Hockey League player

Nathaniel Raymond, human rights investigator and anti-torture advocate

Paul Raymond (publisher) (1925–2008), English pornographer

Richard Raymond (pianist)

Richard Raymond (Texas politician)

Suze Raymond, Australian television presenter

Thomas Lynch Raymond, mayor of Newark, New Jersey

Tito Raymond, American bodybuilder

Usher (entertainer) (born Usher Raymond, 1978), musician

Given name[link]

Raymond Berry (born 1933), American former football player and member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame

Raymond Bessone (1911–1992), British celebrity hairdresser known as 'Mr Teasy-Weasy'

Raymond Blanc (born 1949), French chef

Ray Bolger (born 1904), an American entertainer of stage and screen

Raymond Briggs (born 1934), English illustrator, cartoonist, graphic novelist, and author

Raymond Leo Burke, American prelate in the Roman Catholic Church

Raymond Burr (1917–1993), Canadian actor

Ray Carver (1938–1988), American short story writer and poet

Raymond Cattell (1905–1998), psychologist

Raymond Chandler (1888–1959), American writer

Raymond Davis, Jr. (1914–2006), chemist and Nobel Prize winner in Physics

Raymond Domenech (born 1952), French former football and national team manager

Raymond E. Feist (born 1945), American writer, primarily of fantasy

Raymond Ch'ien Kuo Fung (錢果豐，born 1952), a president of MTR and chairman of Hang Seng Bank in Hong Kong

Raymond Gutierrez, Filipino host

Raymond Ho (何鍾泰，born 1939), a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco)

Raymond Kelly (born 1941), Commissioner of the New York Police Department

Raymond van de Klundert, also known as Ray Kluun (born 1964), Dutch novelist

Ray Kurzweil (born 1948), American author, inventor, and futurist

Raymond Lahey (born 1940), former bishop of the diocese of Antigonish

Raymond Lam (林峯，born 1979), Hong Kong singer and actor

Raymond Loewy (1893–1986), industrial designer

Raymond Massey (1896–1983), Canadian actor

Raymond McCreesh, Irish republican hunger striker who died in 1981

Raymond Murray (born 1913), US Marine Corps officer

Raymond Pettibon (born 1957), American artist

Raymond Queneau (1903–1976), French poet and novelist

Raymond Scott (1908–1994), American composer, band leader, pianist, engineer, recording studio maverick, and inventor

Raymond Smullyan (born 1919), American mathematician, concert pianist, logician, Taoist philosopher, and magician

Raymond Washington (1953–1979), founder of the notorious street gang the Crips

Raymond Williams (1921–1988), Welsh academic, novelist and critic

Raymond Wong (born 1948), Hong Kong actor and film producer

Raymond Wong (born 1975), Hong Kong actor

Fictional characters[link]

Raymond Barone, main character in the television sitcom ''Everybody Loves Raymond''

Raymond Cocteau, mayor/governor/dictator of San Angeles in the 1990s movie ''Demolition Man''

Raymond Stantz, main character in the film ''Ghostbusters''

Mondo Browne (Raymond Browne), African-American killer in the HBO drama series ''Oz''

Dolphus Raymond, in the novel ''To Kill a Mockingbird'' by Harper Lee

References[link]

See also[link]

Ray (disambiguation)

Raimond (disambiguation)

Category:Surnames

de:Raymond es:Raymond fr:Raymond ko:레몽 nl:Raymond ja:レイモンド no:Raymond nn:Raymond pl:Raymond pt:Raymond vo:Raymond

'''Raymond Crowe''' (fl. 2000s) is an Australian mime artist, magician and cabaret performer. Originally from Adelaide, Raymond Crowe describes himself as Australia's only Unusualist.

His act includes mime, ventriloquism, stage magic, and shadow plays using only his hands and arms.

He has performed on the David Letterman and Craig Ferguson shows, at Caesars Palace, and the 2007 Royal Variety Performance in front of Queen Elizabeth. Crowe first appeared on the World's Greatest Magic in the late 1990s.

References[link]

External links[link]

Official Website including video

"A Wonderful World of Hand Shadows" (description of book)

[http://www.facebook.com/pages/Raymond-Crowe/148969431806595

Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Australian magicians Category:Professional magicians

Royal Raymond Rife (May 16, 1888 – August 5, 1971) was an American inventor and early exponent of high-magnification time-lapse cine-micrography. In the 1930s, he claimed that by using a specially designed optical microscope, he could observe a number of microbes which were too small to visualize with previously existing technology. Rife also reported that a 'beam ray' device of his invention could weaken or destroy the pathogens by energetically exciting destructive resonances in their constituent chemicals.

Rife's claims could not be independently replicated, and were ultimately discredited by the medical profession in the 1950s. Rife blamed the scientific rejection of his claims on a conspiracy involving the American Medical Association (AMA), the Department of Public Health, and other elements of "organized medicine", which had "brainwashed" potential supporters of his devices.

Interest in Rife's claims was revived in some alternative medical circles by the 1987 book ''"The Cancer Cure That Worked"'', which claimed that Rife had succeeded in curing cancer, but that his work was suppressed by a powerful conspiracy headed by the AMA. After this book's publication, a variety of devices bearing Rife's name were marketed as cures for diverse diseases such as cancer and AIDS. An analysis by ''Electronics Australia'' found that a typical 'Rife device' consisted of a nine-volt battery, wiring, a switch, a timer and two short lengths of copper tubing, which delivered an "almost undetectable" current unlikely to penetrate the skin. Several marketers of other 'Rife devices' have been convicted for health fraud, and in some cases cancer patients who used these devices as a replacement for medical therapy have died. Rife devices are currently classified as a subset of radionics devices, which are generally viewed as pseudomedicine by mainstream experts.

Life and work [link]

Little reliable published information exists describing Rife's life. In 1929, he was granted a patent for a high-intensity microscope lamp. On November 20, 1931, forty-four doctors attended a dinner advertised as "The End To All Diseases" at the Pasadena estate of Milbank Johnson, honoring Arthur I. Kendall of Northwestern Medical School and Rife, the developer of the 'Rife microscope'. Moving microorganisms from prepared, diseased human tissue were reportedly seen, still-photographed and also filmed with motion-picture equipment.

In a 1932 report in ''Science'', Mayo Clinic physician Edward C. Rosenow wrote that in addition to other small particles viewable with the standard lab microscope, small turquoise bodies termed 'eberthella typhi' not visible with the standard lab microscopes were seen in filtrate using a Rife microscope. Rosenow attributed their detection to "the ingenious methods employed rather than excessively high magnification". Subsequently, one of Rife's microscopes was mentioned in the 1944 Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution.

Rife claimed to have documented a "Mortal Oscillatory Rate" for various pathogenic organisms, and to be able to destroy the organisms by vibrating them at this particular rate. According to the ''San Diego Evening Tribune'' in 1938, Rife stopped short of claiming that he could cure cancer, but did argue that he could "devitalize disease organisms" in living tissue, "with certain exceptions".

Rife's work and claims were ultimately discredited by the medical community, a result which Rife blamed on powerful conspiracies against him. An obituary in the ''Daily Californian'' described his death at the age of 83 on August 5, 1971, stating that he died penniless and embittered by the failure of his devices to garner scientific acceptance.

Modern revival, marketing, and health fraud[link]

Interest in Rife was revived in the 1980s by author Barry Lynes, who wrote a book about Rife entitled "''The Cancer Cure That Worked''". The book claimed that Rife's 'beam ray' device could cure cancer, but that all mention of his discoveries was suppressed in the 1930s by a wide-ranging conspiracy headed by the American Medical Association. The American Cancer Society described Lynes' claims as implausible, noting that the book was written "in a style typical of conspiratorial theorists" and defied any independent verification.

In response to this renewed interest, devices bearing Rife's name began to be produced and marketed in the 1980s. Such 'Rife devices' have figured prominently in a number of cases of health fraud in the U.S., typically centered around the uselessness of the devices and the grandiose claims with which they are marketed. In a 1996 case, the marketers of a 'Rife device' claiming to cure numerous diseases including cancer and AIDS were convicted of felony health fraud. The sentencing judge described them as "target[ing] the most vulnerable people, including those suffering from terminal disease" and providing false hope. In 2002 John Bryon Krueger, who operated the Royal Rife Research Society, was sentenced to 12 years in prison for his role in a murder and also received a concurrent 30-month sentence for illegally selling Rife devices. In 2009 a U.S. court convicted James Folsom of 26 felony counts for sale of the Rife devices sold as 'NatureTronics', 'AstroPulse', 'BioSolutions', 'Energy Wellness', and 'Global Wellness'.

Several deaths have resulted from the use of Rife machines in place of standard medical treatment. In one case, a U.S. court found that the marketer of a Rife device had violated the law and that, as a result of her actions, a cancer patient had ceased chemotherapy and died. In Australia, the use of Rife machines has been blamed for the deaths of cancer patients who might have been cured with conventional therapy.

In 1994, the American Cancer Society reported that Rife machines were being sold in a "pyramid-like, multilevel marketing scheme". A key component in the marketing of Rife devices has been the claim, initially put forward by Rife himself, that the devices were being suppressed by an establishment conspiracy against cancer "cures". Although 'Rife devices' are not registered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and have been linked to deaths among cancer sufferers, the ''Seattle Times'' reported that over 300 people attended the 2006 Rife International Health Conference in Seattle, where dozens of unregistered devices were sold.

References [link]

External links [link]

Rife Research, a site promoting Rife's claims

Electromagnetic Therapy from the American Cancer Society

Rife devices from the National Council Against Health Fraud

Category:1888 births Category:1971 deaths Category:American scientists Category:People from Douglas County, Nebraska Category:People in alternative medicine Category:Alternative cancer treatments Category:Scientific instrument makers Category:Health fraud

de:Royal Rife es:Royal Rife fr:Royal Rife he:ריימונד רייף nl:Royal Raymond Rife ja:ロイヤル・レイモンド・ライフ pl:Royal Rife

name	Raymond Blanc
birth date	November 19, 1949
birth place	Besançon, France
style	French
ratings	Michelin stars Good Food Guide
restaurants	Le Manoir aux Quat' Saisons
website	http://www.manoir.com/ http://www.raymondblanc.com/ }}

Raymond Blanc OBE (born 19 November 1949) is a French chef, born in Besançon, France. Today he is one of the Britain's most respected chefs. Blanc is the owner and chef at Le Manoir aux Quat' Saisons, a hotel-restaurant in Great Milton, Oxfordshire, England. The restaurant has two Michelin stars and scored 9/10 in the ''Good Food Guide''. He is entirely self-taught.

Early life[link]

Blanc was born in Besançon, the capital of the Franche-Comté region in eastern France, between Burgundy and the Jura mountains. While his two sisters were taught to cook by the influential Maman Blanc, his father taught Blanc and his two brothers to work in the kitchen garden. His father gave him a calendar and foraging map for his 10th birthday, and what he collected his mother taught him to cook.

Career[link]

Training as a waiter, he worked at the Michelin-starred ''Le Palais de la Bière'' in Besançon. Fired in 1972 for upsetting the head chef (Blanc offered him advice on how to cook), the manager knew of a job in England.

Not speaking English well enough to survive without a notepad, he was dispatched to ''The Rose Revived'' in Newbridge, Oxfordshire, arriving three days after arriving in Dover in his Renault 5 Gordini. Blanc married the owner's daughter Jenny, and the couple had two sons.

In 1977 the couple opened ''Les Quat'Saisons'' in Summertown, Oxford: "we mortgaged the house, owed 18 further people, and opened in a corridor between a lingerie shop and Oxfam." An overnight success, he won "Egon Ronay Guide Restaurant of the Year", two Michelin stars and a host of other distinctions.

In 1981, Blanc opened a chain of boulangeries and pâtisseries called Maison Blanc that also contain cafès. There are currently 14 branches of Maison Blanc across the country, including several in London and one in Oxford. Maison Blanc cakes are now available nationwide in Waitrose.

Blanc opened the first of a chain of smaller restaurants, Le Petit Blanc restaurants in Oxford in June 1996. Blanc's stated aim with these was to bring the French philosophy of "good food being central to good living" to the United Kingdom. His desire was to create and serve food that can be enjoyed by everyone – "from the time-conscious business person to those looking for a welcoming family restaurant". Raymond was a featured chef on ''Great Chefs'' television, appearing in ''Great Chefs of the World''.

In June 2003, after nearly losing the chain as part of his divorce settlement to Jenny, the four Le Petit Blanc Brasseries (now known as Brasserie Blanc) in Birmingham, Cheltenham, Manchester and Oxford became part of the Loch Fyne Restaurant Group portfolio. Since then a fifth restaurant has opened in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, another in Winchester, and one in Milton Keynes. After the Tunbridge Wells Brasserie recently closed, the chain opened a new Brasserie in the lipstick tower at Gunwharf Quays, Portsmouth. Blanc maintains a share in the business, and continues to be actively involved creating new menus, developing the chef and kitchen teams and participating in the promotion of the restaurants.

On 13 January 2007, he appeared on ''Saturday Kitchen''. In the Omelette Challenge, he came out last because he took the longest to cook an omelette. However, he was nudged up a few places by James Martin, right above Ken Hom, as Blanc produced a black truffle out of his pocket and garnished the finished omelette with truffle shavings.

Summer 2007 saw the BBC promotion for his new reality TV programme ''The Restaurant'' airing on UK television. (The show is known to BBC America viewers in the US as ''Last Restaurant Standing''). The promo showed a group of well-dressed diners in a slow-motion food fight, to a Gonzales backing track. The show was aired as part of BBC Two's autumn season in 2007 and returned, with minor changes to the format, in 2008. In 2009, ''The Restaurant'' returned to BBC Two in a low-budget format. This season has been much criticised for the poor standard of contestants, for neglecting the successful elements of previous series, and for Blanc choosing as the winner a team without any discernible culinary ability outside of making cocktails.

Blanc is the author of several books, including ''Cooking for Friends'' and ''Foolproof French Cookery''. He is also one of the patrons on the Children's Food Festival, which was held on the Northmoor Trust Estate in south Oxfordshire in June 2009.

Divorced from his second wife, psychotherapist Kati Cottrell, Blanc is engaged to Russian nutritionist Natalia Traxel, whom he met when she celebrated her 30th birthday at Le Manoir. His son, Olivier Blanc, worked as an assistant director on Talkback Thames's ''The Bill.''

References[link]

External links[link]

Raymond Blanc official website

Great Chefs

Le Manoir aux Quat' Saisons Great Milton, Oxfordshire. RB's 2 star Michelin restaurant

Hub UK biography

Social Issues Research Centre article on Blanc's war on sugar

Who´s Who of Chefs information

Map of 'Brasserie Blanc' Restaurants in the UK

Interview with Raymond Blanc OBE

Category:1949 births Category:Living people Category:People from Besançon Category:French chefs Category:British chefs Category:French expatriates in the United Kingdom Category:British food writers Category:Michelin Guide starred chefs Category:The Restaurant (UK TV series) Category:French restaurateurs Category:British restaurateurs Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur

fr:Raymond Blanc he:רימון בלאן pl:Raymond Blanc