Fashion is a general term for a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, foot wear, or accessories. "Fashion" refers to current trends in look and dress up of a person, as well as to prevailing styles in behavior. The more technical term, "costume," has become so linked in the public eye with the term "fashion" that the more general term "costume" has in popular use mostly been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while the term "fashion" means clothing generally, and the study of it. For a broad cross-cultural look at clothing and its place in society, refer to the entries for clothing, costume, and fabrics. The remainder of this article deals with clothing fashions in the Western world.

Clothing fashions

Early Western travelers, whether to Persia, Turkey or China frequently remark on the absence of changes in fashion there, and observers from these other cultures comment on the unseemly pace of Western fashion, which many felt suggested an instability and lack of order in Western culture. The Japanese Shogun's secretary boasted (not completely accurately) to a Spanish visitor in 1609 that Japanese clothing had not changed in over a thousand years. However in Ming China, for example, there is considerable evidence for rapidly changing fashions in Chinese clothing. Changes in costume often took place at times of economic or social change (such as in ancient Rome and the medieval Caliphate), but then a long period without major changes followed. Another thing that happened change costume was technology. With technology, the sewing machine was created and made mass production possible. As a result, it made the production of clothes easier, and cheaper, it also helped to boost the economy. This occurred in Moorish Spain during the 8th century, when the famous musician Ziryab introduced sophisticated clothing-styles based on seasonal and daily timings from his native Baghdad and his own inspiration to Córdoba in Al-Andalus. . Ziryab inspired the dress of Men and women, and some people even say the way they decorated their house. Men who used to wear their hair long and parted, now wore it up and a crown around it. The dress of men changed as well, in the spring they wore bright colors, loose garments for the summer, and fur hats for winter. However, the men were not the only ones inspired by this fashion, the women wore scarves which had lyrics embroidered on them. One can see how Ziryab truly made an impact and touched the hearts in Spain, and how the people aspire to dress and be like him. Similar changes in fashion occurred in the Middle East from the 11th century, following the arrival of the Turks, who introduced clothing styles from Central Asia and the Far East.

The beginnings of the habit in Europe of continual and increasingly rapid change in clothing styles can be fairly reliably dated to the middle of the 14th century, to which historians including James Laver and Fernand Braudel date the start of Western fashion in clothing. The 14th century was a period in which the distinction between the sexes was starting to come into effect. Some of the clothing has changed from garments held by string, to the upgrade of buttons. At this period one can see how the traditional style is slowing turning more modern. Many people during this time wore the big garments, and pointed shoes, but realized that they wanted more self-refined flattering tighter clothing. The most dramatic manifestation was a sudden drastic shortening and tightening of the male over-garment, from calf-length to barely covering the buttocks, sometimes accompanied with stuffing on the chest to look bigger. This created the distinctive Western male outline of a tailored top worn over leggings or trousers. thumb|left|Marie Antoinette was a fashion icon The pace of change accelerated considerably in the following century, and women and men's fashion, especially in the dressing and adorning of the hair, became equally complex and changing. Art historians are therefore able to use fashion in dating images with increasing confidence and precision, often within five years in the case of 15th century images. Initially changes in fashion led to a fragmentation of what had previously been very similar styles of dressing across the upper classes of Europe, and the development of distinctive national styles. These remained very different until a counter-movement in the 17th to 18th centuries imposed similar styles once again, mostly originating from Ancien Régime France. Though the rich usually led fashion, the increasing affluence of early modern Europe led to the bourgeoisie and even peasants following trends at a distance sometimes uncomfortably close for the elites—a factor Braudel regards as one of the main motors of changing fashion.

thumb|Albrecht Dürer's drawing contrasts a well turned out ''bourgeoise'' from Nuremberg (left) with her counterpart from Venice. The Venetian lady's high chopines make her taller Ten 16th century portraits of German or Italian gentlemen may show ten entirely different hats, and at this period national differences were at their most pronounced, as Albrecht Dürer recorded in his actual or composite contrast of Nuremberg and Venetian fashions at the close of the 15th century (''illustration, right''). The "Spanish style" of the end of the century began the move back to synchronicity among upper-class Europeans, and after a struggle in the mid 17th century, French styles decisively took over leadership, a process completed in the 18th century.

Though colors and patterns of textiles changed from year to year, the cut of a gentleman's coat and the length of his waistcoat, or the pattern to which a lady's dress was cut changed more slowly. Men's fashions largely derived from military models, and changes in a European male silhouette are galvanized in theatres of European war, where gentleman officers had opportunities to make notes of foreign styles: an example is the "Steinkirk" cravat or necktie.

The pace of change picked up in the 1780s with the increased publication of French engravings that showed the latest Paris styles; though there had been distribution of dressed dolls from France as patterns since the 16th century, and Abraham Bosse had produced engravings of fashion from the 1620s. By 1800, all Western Europeans were dressing alike (or thought they were): local variation became first a sign of provincial culture, and then a badge of the conservative peasant.

Although tailors and dressmakers were no doubt responsible for many innovations before, and the textile industry certainly led many trends, the history of fashion design is normally taken to date from 1858, when the English-born Charles Frederick Worth opened the first true ''haute couture'' house in Paris. The Haute house was the name established by government for the fashion houses that met the standards of industry. They had certain standards such as: hiring a certain number of employees, show clothing at fashion shows, and present a certain amount of patterns to costumers. This particular house was a great deal to accomplish and most tailors and sewers aspired to open one. Since then the professional designer has become a progressively more dominant figure, despite the origins of many fashions in street fashion. For women the flapper styles of the 1920s marked the most major alteration in styles for several centuries, with a drastic shortening of skirt lengths, and much looser-fitting clothes; with occasional revivals of long skirts forms of the shorter length have remained dominant ever since. Flappers also wore cloches, which were sung fitting and covered the forehead. Her shoes had a heel and some sort of buckle. The most important part was the jewelry, such as: earrings and necklaces that had diamonds or gems. The flapper gave a particular image as being seductive due to her short length dress, which was form fitting, and the large amounts of rich jewelry around her neck.

The four major current fashion capitals are acknowledged to be Milan, New York City, Paris, and London. Fashion weeks are held in these cities, where designers exhibit their new clothing collections to audiences, and which are all headquarters to the greatest fashion companies and are renowned for their major influence on global fashion.

Modern Westerners have a wide choice available in the selection of their clothes. What a person chooses to wear can reflect that person's personality or likes. When people who have cultural status start to wear new or different clothes a fashion trend may start. People who like or respect them may start to wear clothes of a similar style. This style is created by many fashion designers around the world.

Fashions may vary considerably within a society according to age, social class, generation, occupation, and geography as well as over time. If, for example, an older person dresses according to the fashion of young people, he or she may look ridiculous in the eyes of both young and older people. The terms ''fashionista'' and ''fashion victim'' refer to someone who slavishly follows current fashions.

One can regard the system of sporting various fashions as a fashion language incorporating various fashion statements using a grammar of fashion. (Compare some of the work of Roland Barthes.)

Fashion industry

The fashion industry is a product of the modern age. Prior to the mid-19th century, most clothing was custom made. It was handmade for individuals, either as home production or on order from dressmakers and tailors. By the beginning of the 20th century—with the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine, the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system of production, and the proliferation of retail outlets such as department stores—clothing had increasingly come to be mass-produced in standard sizes and sold at fixed prices. Although the fashion industry developed first in Europe and America, today it is an international and highly globalized industry, with clothing often designed in one country, manufactured in another, and sold world-wide. For example, an American fashion company might source fabric in China and have the clothes manufactured in Vietnam, finished in Italy, and shipped to a warehouse in the United States for distribution to retail outlets internationally. The fashion industry has long been one of the largest employers in the United States, and it remains so in the 21st century. However, employment declined considerably as production increasingly moved overseas, especially to China. Because data on the fashion industry typically are reported for national economies and expressed in terms of the industry’s many separate sectors, aggregate figures for world production of textiles and clothing are difficult to obtain. However, by any measure, the industry accounts for a significant share of world economic output.

The fashion industry consists of four levels: the production of raw materials, principally fibres and textiles but also leather and fur; the production of fashion goods by designers, manufacturers, contractors, and others; retail sales; and various forms of advertising and promotion. These levels consist of many separate but interdependent sectors, all of which are devoted to the goal of satisfying consumer demand for apparel under conditions that enable participants in the industry to operate at a profit.

Media

An important part of fashion is fashion journalism. Editorial critique, guidelines and commentary can be found in magazines, newspapers, on television, fashion websites, social networks and in fashion blogs.

At the beginning of the 20th century, fashion magazines began to include photographs of various fashion designs and became even more influential on people than in the past. In cities throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public clothing taste. Talented illustrators drew exquisite fashion plates for the publications which covered the most recent developments in fashion and beauty. Perhaps the most famous of these magazines was La Gazette du Bon Ton which was founded in 1912 by Lucien Vogel and regularly published until 1925 (with the exception of the war years).

Vogue, founded in the US in 1892, has been the longest-lasting and most successful of the hundreds of fashion magazines that have come and gone. Increasing affluence after World War II and, most importantly, the advent of cheap colour printing in the 1960s led to a huge boost in its sales, and heavy coverage of fashion in mainstream women's magazines—followed by men's magazines from the 1990s. Haute couture designers followed the trend by starting the ready-to-wear and perfume lines, heavily advertised in the magazines, that now dwarf their original couture businesses. Television coverage began in the 1950s with small fashion features. In the 1960s and 1970s, fashion segments on various entertainment shows became more frequent, and by the 1980s, dedicated fashion shows such as Fashion-television started to appear. Despite television and increasing internet coverage, including fashion blogs, press coverage remains the most important form of publicity in the eyes of the fashion industry.

However, over the past several years, fashion websites have developed that merge traditional editorial writing with user-generated content. Online magazines like ''iFashion Network'', and ''Runway Magazine'', led by Nole Marin from America's Next Top Model, have begun to dominate the market with digital copies for computers, iPhones and iPads. Example platforms include Apple and Android for such applications.

A few days after the 2010 Fall Fashion Week in New York City came to a close, The New Islander's Fashion Editor, Genevieve Tax, criticized the fashion industry for running on a seasonal schedule of its own, largely at the expense of real-world consumers. "Because designers release their fall collections in the spring and their spring collections in the fall, fashion magazines such as Vogue always and only look forward to the upcoming season, promoting parkas come September while issuing reviews on shorts in January," she writes. "Savvy shoppers, consequently, have been conditioned to be extremely, perhaps impractically, farsighted with their buying."

Ethnic Fashion is defined as the Fashion of Multicultural groups such as African-American, Hispanics, Asians, etc. Examples of Ethnic Designer are FUBU, BabyPhat, FatFarm, Sean John, Etc. It is estimated that Ethnic Fashion has contributed over 25 Billion dollars in revenues.

Intellectual property

Within the fashion industry, intellectual property is not enforced as it is within the film industry and music industry. To "take inspiration" from others' designs contributes to the fashion industry's ability to establish clothing trends. For the past few years, WGSN has been a dominant source of fashion news and forecasts in steering fashion brands worldwide to be "inspired" by one another. Enticing consumers to buy clothing by establishing new trends is, some have argued, a key component of the industry's success. Intellectual property rules that interfere with the process of trend-making would, on this view, be counter-productive. In contrast, it is often argued that the blatant theft of new ideas, unique designs, and design details by larger companies is what often contributes to the failure of many smaller or independent design companies.

Since fakes are distinguishable by their inherent poorer quality, there is still a demand for luxury goods. And as only a trademark or logo can be copyrighted for clothing and accessories, many fashion brands make this one of the most visible aspects of the garment or accessory.

In 2005, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) held a conference calling for stricter intellectual property enforcement within the fashion industry to better protect small and medium businesses and promote competitiveness within the textile and clothing industries.

The Evolution of Urban Style

Urban wear refers to a broad set of clothing and accessories that has evolved over time in metropolitan areas. Urban wear originated among the Latino and African-American young people who lived in the two major cities of New York and Los Angeles. New York being located on the east coast of the United States and Los Angeles being situated on the west coast. Both of these locations added elements to the style as it is seen all over the world today. Because of its association with cities, urban wear can be said to represent cultures that are predominant in metropolitan areas.

Metropolitan culture often develops due to factors like music and it can occur in any country. Although this stylish apparel has long been associated with a particular social group, this is no longer the case. This hip hop and fashionable clothing is worn by all people all around the world. Furthermore, metropolitan areas have always been preferred over rural areas for the launch of any new products because metropolitan areas are more densely populated. In addition, the response of metropolitan areas to new products is far more significant than that of rural areas.

Urban wear is a very broad term and it includes various types of clothing. These various types of clothing include trendy shirts, jeans, fashionable shoes, sporty shorts and classic pants. It is also characterized by eye catching jewelry, different types of accessories and cosmetics. If you want to join the trend, try wearing t-shirts with graphic designs in white, black and gray. If you prefer something a bit more radical, you could also use urban style clothes that are wildly contradicting, such as wearing a tattered pair of jeans with a sleek and neat shirt.

Urban wear has gained importance in the sense that people have become more conscious about their clothing and have started spending more time selecting their outfits. They go to markets and malls weekly to keep in touch with changing fashions. This is because people are more aware of their surroundings and of what the people around them are wearing. In a way, urban wear has increased people's sense of fashion.

One notable and significant aspect is that it is usually introduced under different brand names. This is a consequence of the promotion of brand culture in recent years. As explained earlier, the general public has realized the importance of style so they want to use clothes that are more fashionable and eye-catching. Because of this, formal shirts and dresses have been replaced with stylish hoods and jeans; trendy sneakers have taken the place of conventional shoes; and traditional hats have been replaced by sporty caps of varying designs. Society has shown enthusiasm for this shift in style and has become increasingly popular.

See also

References

Bibliography

Braudel, Fernand ''Civilization and Capitalism, 15th–18th Centuries, Vol 1: The Structures of Everyday Life," William Collins & Sons, London 1981 ISBN 0-520-08114-5

Further reading

Breward, Christopher, ''The culture of fashion: a new history of fashionable dress'', Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0719041259

Cumming, Valerie: ''Understanding Fashion History'', Costume & Fashion Press, 2004, ISBN 0-89676-253-X

Hollander, Anne, ''Seeing through clothes'', Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993, ISBN 978-0520082311

Hollander, Anne, ''Sex and suits: the evolution of modern dress'', New York: Knopf, 1994, ISBN 978-0679430964

Hollander, Anne, ''Feeding the eye: essays'', New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1999, ISBN 978-0374282011

Hollander, Anne, ''Fabric of vision: dress and drapery in painting'', London: National Gallery, 2002, ISBN 978-0300094190

Kawamura, Yuniya, ''Fashion-ology: an introduction to Fashion Studies'', Oxford and New York: Berg, 2005, ISBN 1-85973-814-1

Lipovetsky, Gilles (translated by Catherine Porter), ''The empire of fashion: dressing modern democracy'', Woodstock: Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0691102627

McDermott, Kathleen, ''Style for all: why fashion, invented by kings, now belongs to all of us (An illustrated history)'', 2010, ISBN 978-0-557-51917-0 — Many hand-drawn color illustrations, extensive annotated bibliography and reading guide

Perrot, Philippe (translated by Richard Bienvenu), ''Fashioning the bourgeoisie: a history of clothing in the nineteenth century'', Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994, ISBN 978-0691000817

Steele, Valerie, ''Paris fashion: a cultural history'', (2. ed., rev. and updated), Oxford: Berg, 1998, ISBN 978-1859739730

Steele, Valerie, ''Fifty years of fashion: new look to now'', New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000, ISBN 978-0300087383

Steele, Valerie, ''Encyclopedia of clothing and fashion'', Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2005

External links

Category:Cultural trends Category:History of clothing

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name	Salman Khan
birth name	Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan
birth place	Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
birth date	December 27, 1965
occupation	Film actor, television presenter and philanthropist
yearsactive	1988–present
residence	Bandra, Mumbai
othername	Sallu
parents	Salim KhanSalma Khan
relatives	Arbaaz Khan (brother)Sohail Khan (brother)Helen Richardson (step-mother) }}

Salman Khan (pronunciation : ; born Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan on 27 December 1965) is an Indian film actor. He has starred in more than 80 Hindi films.

Khan, who made his acting debut with a minor role in the drama ''Biwi Ho To Aisi'' (1988), had his first commercial success with the blockbuster ''Maine Pyar Kiya'' (1989), for which he won a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He went on to star in some successful Hindi films of those times, such as ''Saajan'' (1991), ''Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!'' (1994), ''Karan Arjun'' (1995), ''Judwaa'' (1997), ''Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya'' (1998) and ''Biwi No.1'' (1999), having appeared in the highest earning films of seven separate years during his career.

In 1999, Khan won a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for his extended appearance in ''Kuch Kuch Hota Hai'' (1998), and since then has starred in several critical and commercial successes, including ''Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam'' (1999), ''Tere Naam'' (2003), ''Mujhse Shaadi Karogi'' (2004), ''No Entry'' (2005), ''Partner'' (2007), ''Wanted'' (2009), ''Dabangg'' (2010), ''Ready'' (2011) and ''Bodyguard'' (2011), which has become the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of all-time. Khan has thus established himself as one of the most successful actors of Hindi cinema.

Early life

Khan is the eldest son of screenwriter Salim Khan and his first wife Salma (''née'' Sushila Charak). His paternal grandfather was a Muslim from Afghanistan who came to India and settled in Madhya Pradesh, whereas his mother is a Marathi Hindu. Khan himself had once said that he is "half Muslim and half Hindu". His stepmother is Helen, a former actress, who has co-starred with him in a few films. He has two brothers, Arbaaz Khan and Sohail Khan, and two sisters, Alvira and Arpita. Alvira is married to actor/director Atul Agnihotri. Khan finished his schooling through St. Stanislaus High School in Bandra, Mumbai, as did his younger brothers Arbaaz and Sohail. Earlier, he studied at The Scindia School, Gwalior for a few years along with younger brother Arbaaz.

Career

1980s

Salman Khan made his acting debut with a supporting role in the 1988 film ''Biwi Ho To Aisi''. His first leading role in a Bollywood movie was in Sooraj R. Barjatya's romantic family drama ''Maine Pyar Kiya'' (1989), one of India's highest grossing films. It earned him a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut, as well as his first nomination for a Best Actor at Filmfare.

1990s

1990 saw one film release starring Khan, ''Baaghi: A Rebel for Love''. The film was a box office success, followed by four hit films in 1991, ''Patthar Ke Phool'', ''Sanam Bewafa'', ''Kurbaan'' and ''Saajan''. Despite these early successes, nearly all of his 1992–1993 releases resulted in box office failures. In 1995 he starred in Rakesh Roshan's ''Karan Arjun'' alongside Shahrukh Khan.

In 1996, Khan performed in two movies, Sanjay Leela Bhansali's directional debut ''Khamoshi: The Musical'', a box office failure, but critically acclaimed; and Raj Kanwar's action hit ''Jeet''. He had two releases in 1997: ''Judwaa'' and ''Auzaar''. The former was a comedy directed by David Dhawan where he played a dual role of twins separated at birth.

Khan worked in five different films in 1998, his first release being the comedy ''Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya'' opposite Kajol, one of the biggest commercial successes of that year. This was followed by the moderately successful drama ''Jab Pyaar Kisise Hota Hai''. and ''Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam'', which earned another Best Actor nomination at the Filmfare.

2000s

In 2000, Khan acted in films including ''Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega'' ''. ''Chori Chori Chupke Chupke'' addressed the issue of surrogate childbirth; Khan played the role of a rich industrialist, who hires a surrogate mother after his wife becomes infertile. Critics noted his turn towards a more serious role, which reportedly had more substance in comparison to his previous roles. In 2002 he starred in the delayed release ''Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam''.

For ''Tere Naam'', (2003) Taran Adarsh said of him, "Salman Khan is exceptional in a role that fits him to the T. He breathes fire in sequences that demand uneasiness. But beneath the tough exterior lies a vulnerable person and this facet in particular comes to the fore in the latter reels. His emotional outbursts are splendid..." He subsequently continued his success at the box office, with comedies like ''Mujhse Shaadi Karogi'' (2004) and ''No Entry'' ''(2005)''. He next appeared in the Hollywood movie, ''Marigold: An Adventure in India'' which told the love story of an Indian man and an American woman. Khan starred in three films throughout 2008, all of which underperformed.

Khan hosted the second season of ''10 Ka Dum'' in year 2009 which turned out to be even more successful than his first season as host of the game show in year 2008. The show got very high TRPs for Sony Entertainment Television and according to reports, the show helped Sony TV regain its third position in the Indian television ratings.

Khan's first film of 2009, ''Wanted'' directed by choreographer turned director Prabhu Deva. In the same year, he appeared in two other films, ''Main Aurr Mrs Khanna'' and ''London Dreams''. While ''London Dreams'' doing average business, only due to the uninspiring music, but ''Main Aurr Mrs Khanna'' made 21 crores through DTH Premiere.

2010s

Khan's first release of 2010 was Anil Sharma's commercially and critically unsuccessful film ''Veer''. His next release, ''Dabangg'', was produced by his brother Arbaaz Khan, and released on 10 September 2010. It made a record opening at the box office and Box Office India declared it an all-time blockbuster. For his performance in ''Dabangg'', Khan received a Star Screen Award for Best Actor and a Stardust Award for Star of the Year – Male and was nominated for his sixth Filmfare Award for Best Actor. Anupama Chopra from NDTV wrote about his performance, "It's the role of a lifetime and Salman Khan bites into it like a starving man devours a feast. He inhabits it fully, strutting and swaggering and even, spoofing himself."

Khan's first release of 2011 was ''Ready'' which released on 3 June. The film broke several box office records and is currently the fourth highest-grossing Bollywood film of all time. He next appeared in ''Bodyguard''. Upon release, the film Became a Blockbuster at the box office, with Khan's performance receiving favourable comments from critics and is currently the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of all time.

Personal life

In 2004, he was voted seventh-best-looking man in the world and the best looking man in India by ''People'' magazine, US. Khan has been involved in several charities during his career.

On 11 October 2007, Khan accepted an offer from Madame Tussauds wax museum in London to have a wax replica made of himself. His life-size wax figure was installed there on 15 January 2008, making him the fourth Indian actor to have been replicated as a wax statue in the museum.

Khan has been the subject of several controversies, including certain legal troubles. On 28 September 2002, Khan was arrested for rash and negligent driving. His car had run into a bakery in Mumbai; one person who was sleeping on the pavement outside the bakery died and three others were injured in the mishap. Charges of culpable homicide were laid against him, but later dropped, and he was found not guilty. On 17 February 2006, Khan was sentenced to one year in prison for hunting the Chinkara, an endangered species. The sentence was stayed by a higher court during appeal. On 10 April 2006, he was handed a five year jail term and remanded to Jodhpur jail until 13 April when he was granted bail.

On September 2010, Khan was reported to have claimed during an interview to a Pakistani channel that the 26/11 attacks were hyped because the "elite" were targeted. During the interview the actor had said - "''It was the elite that was targeted this time. Five star hotels and all. So they panicked. Then they got up and spoke about it. My question is why not before. Attacks have happened in trains and small towns too, but no one talked about it so much."'' Khan also said that Pakistan was not to be blamed for it, and that the Indian security forces had failed. Khan's comments had drawn strong reactions from Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra Chagan Bhujbal, Shiv Sena, BJP and other political parties. The comments were also condemned by Ujwal Nikam, Special Prosecutor in the 26/11 trial. Khan later apologised for his comments.

His relationship with actress Aishwarya Rai was a well publicised topic in the Indian media. After their break-up in March 2002, Rai accused him of harassing her. She claimed that Khan had not been able to come to terms with their break-up and was hounding her; her parents lodged a complaint against him. In 2005, news outlets released what was said to be an illicit copy of a mobile phone call recorded in 2001 by the Mumbai police. It appeared to be a call in which he threatened Rai, in an effort to force her to appear at social events held by Mumbai crime figures. The call featured boasts of connections to organised crime and derogatory comments about other actors. However, the alleged tape was tested in the government's Forensic lab in Chandigarh, which concluded that it was fake.

After years of speculations, actress Katrina Kaif admitted in an 2011 interview for a magazine that she was in a serious relationship with Salman Khan for several years, which ended in 2010.

In August 2011 he admitted he suffers from trigeminal neuralgia, a facial nerve disorder commonly known as the suicide disease. In an interview he said that he has been quietly suffering it for the past seven years, but now the pain’s become unbearable. It has even affected his voice, making it much harsher.

Non film work

Khan has started an NGO called 'Being Human' which will sell T-shirts and other products online and in stores. A portion of the sales will go to a worthy cause supporting the underprivileged. In April 2012, he became the brand ambassador for the travel website, Yatra.com, which also made him a shareholder..He has also endorsed the History Channel, Suzuki motorcycles, and Mountain Dew with whom he ended the contract in December 2010.

In January 2012, Khan has offered to pay for releasing around 400 prisoners from around 63 prisons in the state of Uttar Pradesh via his NGO. The prisoners had completed their term but due to economical reasons, they were unable to pay a legal fine for their charges.

Awards and nominations

Filmography

Actor

! Year	! Title	! Role	Other notes
1988	''Biwi Ho To Aisi''	Vicky Bhandari
1989	''Maine Pyar Kiya''	Prem Choudhary	Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
1990	''Baaghi: A Rebel for Love''	Saajan Sood
1991	''Sanam Bewafa''	Salman Khan
1991	''Patthar Ke Phool''	Inspector Suraj
1991		Akash Singh
1991		Prithvi
1991	''Saajan''	Akash Varma
1992		Vicky/Suryavanshi Vikram Singh
1992	''Ek Ladka Ek Ladki''	Raja
1992	''Jaagruti''	Jugnu
1992	''Nishchaiy''	Rohan Yadav/Vasudev Gujral
1993	''Chandra Mukhi''	Raja Rai
1993	''Dil Tera Aashiq''	Vijay
1994	''Andaz Apna Apna''	Prem Bhopali
1994	''Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!''	Prem
1994	''Chaand Kaa Tukdaa''	Shyam Malhotra
1994	''Sangdil Sanam''	Kishan
1995	''Karan Arjun''	Karan Singh/Ajay	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
1995	''Veergati''	Ajay
1996	''Majhdhaar''	Gopal
1996	''Khamoshi: The Musical''	Raj
1996		Raju	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
1996	''Dushman Duniya Ka''		Special appearance
1997	''Judwaa''	Raja/Prem Malhotra
1997	''Auzaar''	Inspector Suraj Prakash
1997		Captain Jeet Sharma	Incomplete film
1997	''Deewana Mastana''	Prem Kumar	Special appearance
1998		Suraj Khanna	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
1998	''Jab Pyaar Kisise Hota Hai''	Suraj Dhanrajgir
1998			Special appearance
1998		Raju
1998	''Kuch Kuch Hota Hai''	Aman Mehra	Extended guest appearanceFilmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
1999	''Jaanam Samjha Karo''	Rahul
1999	''Biwi No.1''	Prem	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role
1999	''Sirf Tum''	Prem	Special appearance
1999	''Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam''	Sameer Rafillini	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
1999		Hero
1999	''Hum Saath-Saath Hain: We Stand United''	Prem
2000	''Dulhan Hum Le Jayenge''	Raja Oberoi
2000	''Chal Mere Bhai''	Prem Oberoi
2000	''Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega''	Raj/Romi
2000	''Dhaai Akshar Prem Ke''		Special appearance
2000		Prem Kapoor
2001	''Chori Chori Chupke Chupke''	Raj Malhotra
2002	''Tumko Na Bhool Paayenge''	Veer Singh Thakur/Ali
2002	''Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam''	Suraj
2002	''Yeh Hai Jalwa''	Raj 'Raju' Saxena/Raj Mittal
2003	''Love at Times Square''		Special appearance
2003			Special appearance
2003	''Tere Naam''	Radhe Mohan	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
2003		Alok Raj	Special appearanceNominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
2004	''Garv: Pride and Honour''	Inspector Arjun Ranavat
2004	''Mujhse Shaadi Karogi''	Sameer Malhotra
2004	''Phir Milenge''	Rohit Manchanda	Extended guest appearance
2004	''Dil Ne Jise Apna Kahaa''	Rishabh
2005	''Lucky: No Time for Love''	Aditya
2005	''Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya?''	Dr. Samir Malhotra
2005	''No Entry''	Prem	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role
2005	''Kyon Ki''	Anand
2006	''Saawan... The Love Season''	Sameer Sam	Extended guest appearance
2006	''Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar''	Ayaan
2006	''Jaan-E-Mann''	Suhaan Kapoor
2006		Avinash Kapoor
2007	''Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute To Love''	Rahul
2007		Prem Love Guru
2007	''Marigold: An Adventure in India''	Prem	English language film
2007	''Om Shanti Om''	Himself	Special appearance in song "Deewangi Deewangi"
2007	''Saawariya''	Imaan	Extended guest appearance
2008	''God Tussi Great Ho''	Arun Prajapati
2008		Chetan Bhagat	Special appearance
2008		Balkar Singh/Jassvinder Singh
2008	''Yuvvraaj''	Deven Yuvvraaj
2009		Radhe/Rajveer Shikhawat
2009	''Main Aurr Mrs Khanna''	Samir Khanna
2009	''London Dreams''	Mannu (Manjit Khosla)
2009	''Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani''	Himself	Special appearance
2010		Veer
2010	''Prem Kaa Game''	The Sutradhaar (Narrator)	Special appearance
2010	''Dabangg''	Inspector Chulbul Pandey(Robinhood Pandey)	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
2010	''Tees Maar Khan''	Himself	Special appearance in song "Wallah Re Wallah"
2010	''Isi Life Mein''	Himself	Special appearance
2011		Prem Kapoor
2011		Lovely Singh	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor
2011	''Tell Me O Kkhuda''		Cameo
2011	''Do Aur Do Paanch''		Extended guest appearance
2012	''Ek Tha Tiger''		Filming
2012	''Ishkq In Paris''		Special appearance
2012	''Dabangg 2''	Inspector Chulbul Pandey(Robinhood Pandey)	Filming
2013	''Andaz Apna Apna 3D''	Prem (voice)	Animated Film

Television presenter

''10 Ka Dum'' (Seasons 1 & 2)

''Bigg Boss'' (Seasons 4 & 5)

Writer

''Baaghi: A Rebel for Love'' (1990)

''Veer'' (2010)

Producer

''Chillar Party'' (2011)

See also

List of Indian Actors

List of people from Madhya Pradesh

References

Further reading

External links

Category:1965 births Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Indian actors Category:Indian film actors Category:Indian television presenters Category:People from Indore Category:Hindi film actors Category:Living people Category:Scindia School alumni Category:Bigg Boss Category:Indian people of Afghan descent

ar:سلمان خان az:Salman Xan bn:সলমান খান bg:Салман Хан ca:Salman Khan da:Salman Khan de:Salman Khan es:Salman Khan (actor) fr:Salman Khan gu:સલમાન ખાન hi:सलमान ख़ान id:Salman Khan it:Salman Khan he:סלמן ח'אן jv:Salman Khan kn:ಸಲ್ಮಾನ್‌ ಖಾನ್‌ kk:Салман Хан hu:Szalmán Hán ml:സൽമാൻ ഖാൻ mr:सलमान खान ms:Salman Khan no:Salman Khan ps:سلمان خان pl:Salman Khan ru:Хан, Салман si:සල්මන් ඛාන් fi:Salman Khan sv:Salman Khan ta:சல்மான் கான் te:సల్మాన్ ఖాన్ th:ซัลมาน ข่าน tg:Салмонхон uk:Салман Кхан ur:سلمان خان zh:沙萊曼·罕

name	Sanjay Dutt
parents	Sunil Dutt Nargis Dutt
birth date	July 29, 1959
height
birth place	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
birth name	Sanjay Balraj Dutt
occupation	Film actor, film producer, comedian, politician, television presenter
yearsactive	1972, 1981–present
spouse	Richa Sharma (1987–1996) (deceased) Rhea Pillai (1995–2005) (divorced) Manyata Dutt (2008–present)
children	Trishala, Shahraan, Iqra }}

Sanjay Dutt (born 29 July 1959) is a prominent Indian Hindi film actor, producer and politician. Dutt, son of Hindi film actors Sunil Dutt and Nargis Dutt, made his acting debut in 1981. He has since featured in films that are amongst some of the most popular Hindi language films of the past three decades.

Personal life

Dutt was born on 29 July 1959 to Bollywood megastars Sunil Dutt and Nargis and was educated at The Lawrence School, Sanawar. Dutt married the actress Richa Sharma in 1987. Sharma died of brain tumour. The couple have a daughter, Trishala, born in 1987, who lives in the United States with her grandparents, following a custody battle with Dutt after the death of his wife. Dutt's second marriage was to model Rhea Pillai in 1998. They divorced in 2005. Dutt married Manyata (also known as Dilnawaz Sheikh) in 2008 at a private ceremony in Goa, after two years of dating. On 21 October 2010, he became a father to twins, a boy named Shahraan and a girl named Iqra.

Film career

As a child actor, Dutt appeared in the 1972 film ''Reshma Aur Shera'', which starred his father; he appears briefly as a qawali singer. Dutt made his Bollywood movie debut with ''Rocky'' in 1981. His mother passed away three days before the film's premiere. He went on to star in ''Vidhaata'', the highest grossing Hindi film of 1982. In 1985 he shot for his first film in three years with ''Jaan ki baazi''; over the rest of the 1980s, Dutt appeared in successful films such as ''Jeeva'', ''Mera Haque'', ''Immandaar'', ''Inaam dus Hazaar'', ''Jeete Hain shaan se'', ''Ilaaka'', ''Hum bhi insaan hain'', ''Mardon wali baat'', ''Kanoon Apna Apna'', and ''Taaqatwar''.

''Naam'' (1986) was Dutt's first critical success, earning praise for his sensitive portrayal of lead character Vicky Kapoor. He also received critical acclaim for his performances in Mahesh Bhatt's ''Kabzaa'' and JP Dutta's 1989 ''Hathyar''. His successes continued in the early 1990s, with films like ''Tejaa'' and ''Thanedaar'', followed byhits such as ''Khoon Ka Karz'', ''Sadak'' and ''Saajan'' (for which he was nominated for the Filmfare Best Actor Award). He earned his second Filmfare Best Actor Award nomination for ''Khal Nayak'', one of 1993's top-grossing films in its market. Three weeks before its release, however, in April 1993, he was arrested, charged with involvement in the 1993 Mumbai bombings.

Dutt was imprisoned for most of the nest four years, while films he had worked in continued to appear. Finally released on bail in late 1997, he returned to the screen in director Ram Gopal Verma's ''Daud'', then played a supporting role in the 1998 ''Dushman''. His 1999 films included ''Kartoos'', ''Khoobsurat'', ''Daag the fire'' and, most importantly, ''Vaastav: The Reality'', for which he won his first Filmfare Best Actor Award. His supporting role in 2000's ''Mission Kashmir'' won him critical acclaim and a number of awards and nominations, as did his subsequent performance in ''Kurukshetra''. As the decade went on, he continued to play important roles in popular and critical successes like ''Jodi No.1'', ''Pitaah'', ''Kaante'', ''LOC Kargil'', and the National Award-winning ''Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.'', which also garnered him multiple nominations and several awards. Later successes, and often other acting honors, came in ''Musafir'' ''Plan'', ''Parineeta'', ''Lage Raho Munna Bhai'', ''Dhamaal (2007)'', ''All The Best: Fun Begins (2009)'', ''Double Dhamaal (2011)'' and ''Agneepath''.

In 2007 he received an award from the prime minister Manmohan Singh for his work in the ''Munna bhai'' series.. In 2006 news channel NDTV named him Indian of the Year. In January 2008, film institute Filmfare listed 14 movies featuring Dutt in its top 100 grossing movies of all time list.

Illegal possession of arms

Due to terrorist interactions, and supposed weapons possession, on 19 April 1993, Sanjay was arrested under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act (TADA). He spent 16 months in jail until he was granted bail in October 1995 by the Supreme Court of India. He was later re-arrested in December 1995 and re-released in April 1997 once again on police bail terms. In 2006 the case opened for sentencing for all accused (see below). The period between 2006-2007 saw Dutt spend 7 months in Arthur Road Prison and Pune prison on three occasions for arms offences, although in 2006 Dutt was finally acquitted of any TADA-related offenses but was charged under the illegal possession of arms act.

In November 1993, a 90,000-page long primary chargesheet was filed against the 189 accused in the 1993 Mumbai bomb blasts case including Sanjay.

In March 2006, when framing muthar charges against extradited Abu Salem and co-accused Riyaz Siddiqui in the 1993 Mumbai bomb blasts case, the prosecution said that Salem delivered 9 AK-56 rifles and some hand grenades to Dutt at his Bandra house in the second week of January 1993.

On 13 February 2007, the special branch of Mumbai police arrested Abdul Qayyum Abdul Karim Shaikh, a close aide of Dawood Ibrahim and wanted by Mumbai Police Special Task Force for his role in the 1993 Mumbai serial blasts from Mumbai. Qayuum had been named by Sanjay Dutt in his confessional statement. Sanjay had said that he met Qayuum in Dubai in September 1992 and bought a pistol from him. According to CBI, the pistol was sold to Sanjay at the instance of Dawood's brother Anees Ibrahim.

On 31 July 2007, Dutt was sentenced to six years rigorous imprisonment for illegally possessing weapons. At the same time, Dutt was also "cleared of terrorism conspiracy charges in the blasts" related to the 1993 bombings. According to ''The Guardian'', "The actor claimed he feared for his life after the notorious "Black Friday" bombings, which were allegedly staged by Mumbai's Muslim-dominated mafia in retaliation for deadly Hindu-Muslim clashes a few months earlier. But the judge, Pramod Kode, rejected this defence and also refused bail." Dutt was immediately taken into custody and sent to Mumbai's Arthur Road Jail. As the sentence was pronounced, Dutt was "visibly shocked and was seen shivering and holding back tears".

On 2 August 2007, Sanjay Dutt was moved from Arthur Road jail in Mumbai to the Yerwada Central Jail in Pune. On 7 August 2007, Dutt appealed the sentence. On 20 August 2007, the Supreme Court of India granted Dutt interim bail. He was released after Yerwada Central Jail authorities received a copy of the court's bail order. The bail was valid until the time the special TADA court, which sentenced Dutt on 31 July, provides a copy of its judgment to him. Dutt was released from jail on 23 August. On 22 October 2007 Dutt was back in jail but again applied for bail. On 27 November 2007, Dutt was granted bail by the Supreme Court. He currently has an appeal for an acquittal pending. In January 2009, Dutt announced that he would contest the 2009 Lok Sabha elections on the Samajwadi Party ticket. However, he withdrew his candidacy in March 2009 after the Supreme Court refused to suspend his conviction.

International humanitarian initiatives

On 16 December 2008, he was appointed as a Goodwill Ambassador for IIMSAM — the Intergovernmental Institution for the use of Micro-algae Spirulina Against Malnutrition. He will be promoting the use of Spirulina to help the organization's advocacy and endeavor against malnutrition and hunger. His role will also support IIMSAM's efforts to secure the United Nations Millennium Development Goals by mainstreaming the use of Spirulina to eradicate malnutrition, achieve food security and bridge the health divide with a special priority for the developing and the least developed countries.

Bigg Boss

The veteran actor hosted the fifth season of reality TV show, ''Bigg Boss'' on Colors.

Super Fight League

Dutt and celebrity entrepreneur IPL cricket team owner Raj Kundra together launched India's first professionally organized mixed martial arts league — the Super Fight League — on 16 January 2012.

Awards and honors

Filmography

Actor

''Rocky (1981 film) ''Vidhaata'' ''Johny I Love You'' ''Main Awara Hoon'' ''Bekaraar'' ''Mera Faisla'' ''Zameen Aasmaan'' ''Jaan Ki Baazi'' ''Do Dilon Ki Dastaan'' ''Mera Haque'' ''Jeeva (1986 film) ''Jalwa'' ''Naam (1986 film) ''Naam O Nishan'' ''Inaam Dus Hazaar'' ''Imaandaar'' ''Jeete Hain Shaan Se'' ''Mohabbat Ke Dushman'' ''Khatron Ke Khiladi (film) ''Kabzaa'' ''Mardon Wali Baat'' ''Taaqatwar'' ''Kanoon Apna Apna'' ''Hum Bhi Insaan Hain (1989 film) ''Hathyar (1989 film) ''Do Qaidi'' ''Ilaaka'' ''Kanoon Apna Apna'' ''Zahreelay'' ''Tejaa'' ''Khatarnaak'' ''Jeene Do'' ''Kroadh'' ''Thanedaar'' ''Sadak'' ''Qurbani Rang Layegi'' ''Khoon Ka Karz'' ''Fateh (1991 film) ''Do Matwale'' ''Saajan'' ''Jeena Marna Tere Sang'' ''Adharm (1992 film) ''Sahebzaade'' ''Sarphira'' ''Yalgaar'' ''Sahibaan'' ''Khal Nayak'' ''Kshatriya (film) ''Gumrah (1993 film) ''Meri Aan'' ''Zamane Se Kya Darna'' ''Insaaf Apne Lahoo Se'' ''Aatish: Feel the Fire ''Amaanat'' ''Pyar Ka Rog'' ''Jai Vikraanta'' ''Andolan (film) ''Namak (1996 film) ''Vijeta'' ''Sanam (film) ''Mahaanta'' ''Dus (1997 film) ''Daud (film) ''Dushman (1998 film) ''Chandralekha (1998 film) ''Achanak (1998 film) ''Daag: The Fire'' ''Kartoos'' ''Safari'' ''Haseena Maan Jaayegi'' ''Vaastav: The Reality'' ''Khoobsurat (1999 film) ''Khauff'' ''Baaghi (2000 film) ''Chal Mere Bhai'' ''Jung'' ''Mission Kashmir'' ''Kurukshetra (2000 film) ''Raju Chacha'' ''Nidaan'' ''Jodi No.1'' ''Pitaah'' ''Hum Kisise Kum Nahi (2002 film) ''Yeh Hai Jalwa'' ''Maine Dil Tujhko Diya'' ''Hathyar (2002 film) ''Annarth'' ''Kaante'' ''Ek Aur Ek Gyarah'' ''LOC Kargil'' ''Munnabhai M.B.B.S.'' ''Plan (film) ''Rudraksh (film) ''Rakht'' ''Deewaar (2004 film) ''Musafir (2004 film) ''Tango Charlie'' ''Parineeta (2005 film) ''Dus'' ''Viruddh... Family Comes First'' ''Shaadi No. 1'' ''Ek Ajnabee'' ''Vaah ''Shabd (film) ''Zinda (film) ''Taxi No. 9211'' ''Tathastu'' ''Anthony Kaun Hai'' ''Lage Raho Munna Bhai'' ''Eklavya: The Royal Guard'' ''Nehlle Pe Dehlla'' ''Sarhad Paar'' ''Shootout at Lokhandwala'' ''Dhamaal'' ''Om Shanti Om'' ''Dus Kahaniyan'' ''Woodstock Villa'' ''Superstar (2008 film) ''Mehbooba (2008 film) ''Kidnap (2008 film) ''EMI – Liya Hai Toh Chukana Parega'' ''Shortkut ''Luck (film) ''Aladin(2009 film) ''Blue (2009 film) ''All The Best: Fun Begins'' ''Kal Kissne Dekha'' ''Lamhaa'' ''Knock Out (2010 film) ''No Problem (film) ''Toonpur Ka Superrhero'' ''Tees Maar Khan'' ''Ready (2011 film) ''Double Dhamaal'' ''Chatur Singh Two Star'' ''Rascals (2011 film) ''Ra.One'' ''Desi Boyz'' ''Agneepath (2012 film) ''Race 2'' ''S.O.S.-Son Of Sardar'' ''Zilla Ghaziabad'' ''Department (film) ''Hum Hain Rahi Car Ke'' ''Jab Jab Fools Mile'' ''Power (2012 film) ''Satte Pe Satta Remake'' ''Munnabhai Ki Aatma Katha'' ''Sanjay Dutt & Soham Shah's Next''

Year !! Film !! Role !! class="unsortable"	Notes
1972	''Reshma Aur Shera''	Child Artist
1981	Rocky'' ||	Rakesh/Rocky D'Souza	Debut
1982	|	Kunal Singh
1982	|	Raju S. Singh/Johny
1983	|	Sanjeev 'Sanju' Kumar
1983	|	Shyam
1984	|	Raj Saxena
1984	|	Sanjay
1985	|
1985	|	Vijay Kumar Saxena
1986	|	Prince Amar Singh
1986	Jeeva'' ||	Jeeva/Jeevan Thakur
1986	|	Himalya Chand
1986	Naam'' ||	Vicky Kapoor
1987	|	Inspector Suraj S. Singh
1987	|	Kamal Malhotra
1987	|	Rajesh 'Raju'
1988	|	Govinda
1988	|	Hashim
1988	Khatron Ke Khiladi'' ||	Rajesh
1988	|	Ravi Varma
1988	|	Tinku
1989	|	Police Inspector Amar Sharma
1989	|	Ravi
1989	Hum Bhi Insaan Hain'' ||	Bhola
1989	Hathyar'' ||	Avinash
1989	|	Manu
1989	|	Inspector Suraj Verma
1989	|	Ravi Kumar J. Singh
1990	|	Rakesh 'Raaka' Rai
1990	|	Tejaa/Sanjay
1990	|	Suraj'Sunny'
1990	|	Karamveer
1990	|	Vijay 'Munna' 'Vijju' V. Shukla
1990	|	Brijesh Chandar (Birju)
1991	|	Ravi
1991	|	Raj Kishen
1991	|	Arjun
1991	Fateh'' ||	Karan
1991	|	Ajay 'James Bond 009'
1991	|	Aman Verma/Sagar	Nominated: Filmfare Best Actor Award
1992	|
1992	Adharm'' ||	Vicky Verma
1992	|	Raja
1992	|	Suresh Sinha
1992	|	Vishal Singhal
1993	|	Kunwar Vijay Pal Singh/Old Narrator
1993	|	Balaram Prasad "Ballu"	Nominated: Filmfare Best Actor Award
1993	Kshatriya'' ||	Vikram Singh (Mirtagarh)
1993	Gumrah'' ||	Jagan Nath (Jaggu)
1993	|	Himself
1994	|	Vikram 'Vicky' V. Singh
1994	|	Raju
1994	Aatish'' ||	Baba
1994	|	Vijay
1994	|	Himself
1995	|	Vikraanta A. Singh
1995	Andolan'' ||	Adarsh Pradhan
1996	Namak'' ||	Gopal
1996	|	Advocate Ashok
1997	Sanam'' ||	Narendra Anand
1997	|	Sanjay 'Sanju' Malhotra
1997	Dus'' ||	Captain Raja Sethi	Incomplete film
1997	Daud'' ||	Nandu
1998	Dushman'' ||	Major Suraj Singh Rathod
1998	Chandralekha'' ||	Cameo	Telugu film
1998	Achanak'' ||	Himself	Special appearance
1999	|	Captain Karan Singh
1999	|	Raja/Jeet Balraj
1999	|	Kishan 'Captain' Jatin Khanna
1999	|	Sonu
1999	|	Raghu	Winner: Filmfare Best Actor Award
1999	Khoobsurat'' ||	Sanju (Sanjay Shastri)
2000	|	Anthony/Vicky/Babu
2000	Baaghi'' ||	Raja
2000	|	Vicky Oberoi
2000	|	Balli
2000	|	SSP Inayat Khan	Nominated: Filmfare Best Actor Award
2000	Kurukshetra'' ||	A.C.P Prithviraj Singh
2000	|	Gafoor	Special appearance
2000	|	Himself
2001	|	Jai
2002	|	Rudra
2002	Hum Kisise Kum Nahin''||	Munna Bhai
2002	|	Shera	Special appearance
2002	|	Bhai-Jaan
2002	Hathyar''||	Rohit Raghunath Shivalkar/Raghunath Namdev Shivalkar
2002	|	Iqbal Danger
2002	|	Jay 'Ajju' Rehan	Nominated: Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award
2003	|	Sitara
2003	|	Lt. Col. Y.K. Joshi, 13 JAK Rifles
2003	|	Murli Prasad Sharma (Munna Bhai)	Winner: Filmfare Best Comedian Award
2004	Plan'' ||	Mussabhai
2004	Rudraksh''||	Varun
2004	|	Rahul
2004	Deewaar''||	Khan
2004	Musafir''||	Billa
2005	|	Squadron Leader Vikram Rathore
2005	Parineeta''||	Girish Sharma	Nominated: Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award
2005	|	Siddanth Dheer
2005	|	Ali Asghar
2005	|	Lakhwinder 'Lucky' Singh Lakha
2005	|		Special Appearance (Hip-hop MC)
2005	Life Ho Toh Aisi!''	Yamaraj M.A.
2005	Shabd''||	Shaukat Vashisht
2006	Zinda'' ||	Balajit 'Bala' Roy
2006	|	Narrator
2006	|	Ravi Rajput
2006	|	Master Madan
2006	|	Murli Prasad Sharma (Munna Bhai)	Nominated: Filmfare Best Actor Award
2007	|	DSP Pannalal Chohar
2007	|	Johnny
2007	|	Ranjeet Singh
2007	|	ACP Shamsher Khan
2007	|	Inspector Kabir Nayak
2007	|	Himself	Special appearance in song "Deewangi Deewangi"
2007	|	Baba Hyderabadi
2008	|	Gaurav
2008	Superstar''||	Himself	Special appearance
2008	Mehbooba''||	Shravan 'S.D.' Dhariwal
2008	Kidnap''||	Vikrant Raina
2008	|	Sattar Bhai
2009	Shortkut - The Con Is On'' ||	Item Song
2009	Luck''||	Karim Moussa
2009	Aladin'' ||	The Ring Master
2009	Blue'' ||	Sagar 'Sethji' Singh
2009	|	Dharam Kapoor
2009	|	DJ - Playback Singer
2010	|	Vikram Sabharwal/Gul Jahangir
2010	Knock Out'' ||	Veer Vijay Singh
2010	No Problem'' ||	Yash Ambani
2010	|	Narrator
2010	|	Narrator
2011	Ready'' ||	Marriage magistrate / Divorce lawyer	Cameo Appearance
2011	|	Kabir Nayak
2011	|	Chatur Singh
2011	Rascals'' ||	Chetan Chauhan
2011	|	"The Villianous Villain - Khalnayak"	Special Appearance
2011	|	"Desi Boys - Owner"	Cameo
2012	Agneepath'' ||	Kancha
2012	|		Filming (Releasing on November 30, 2012)
2012	|		Filming (Releasing on November 30, 2012)
2012	|	SP Pritam Singh	Filming
2012	Department'' ||	Mahadev Bhonsle	Filming
2012	|		Filming - Friendly Appearance
2012	|		Filming
2012	Power'' ||		Delayed/Halted
2012	|		Pre-production
2013	|		Pre-production
2013	|	Sharman Munjha Jadeja	Announced

Producer

''Zinda'' (2006)

''Shootout at Lokhandwala'' (2007)

''Dus Kahaniyaan'' (2007)

''Rascals'' (2011)

Satte Pe Satta Remake Double role (2012)

Television

Bigg Boss 5

References

External links

Sanjay Dutt to host Bigg Boss 5!

Category:1959 births Category:Indian film actors Category:Indian actors Category:Living people Category:1993 Bombay bombings Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Indian child actors Category:Indian prisoners and detainees Category:Indian singers Category:Indian comedians Category:Lawrence School, Sanawar alumni Category:Prisoners and detainees of India Category:Hindi film actors Category:Samajwadi Party politicians Category:Indian Hindus Category:Punjabi people Category:People from Mumbai Category:Indian film producers Category:Indian actor–politicians Category:Bigg Boss Category:Indian game show hosts Category:Indian television presenters

ar:سانجاى دوت bn:সঞ্জয় দত্ত de:Sanjay Dutt es:Sanjay Dutt fa:سانجی دات fr:Sanjay Dutt hi:सञ्जय दत्त id:Sanjay Dutt it:Sanjay Dutt jv:Sanjay Dutt hu:Szandzsaj Dutt ml:സഞ്ജയ് ദത്ത് mr:संजय दत्त ms:Sanjay Dutt nl:Sanjay Dutt ja:サンジェイ・ダット (俳優) no:Sanjay Dutt pl:Sanjay Dutt ru:Датт, Санджай fi:Sanjay Dutt sv:Sanjay Dutt ta:சஞ்சய் தத் tg:Санҷай Датт

Bury the hatchet is an American English colloquialism meaning "to make peace." The phrase is an allusion to the figurative or literal practice of putting away the tomahawk at the cessation of hostilities among or by Native Americans in the Eastern United States, specifically concerning the formation of the Iroquois Confederacy and in Iroquois custom in general. Weapons were to be buried or otherwise cached in time of peace.

This practice was most famously used in recent time during the 1990 Oka Crisis in Canada, although the weapons were not buried. Faced by an ultimatum that would have seen battle with the Canadian Forces the next day, the besieged Mohawk Warriors piled and burned their weapons, and then walked out of the cordon that had been tightened around them. The alternative was a bloody siege battle, which could have triggered off further violent resistance to the Canadian government far beyond the immediate locality of the crisis, which centred on Montreal's suburbs of Oka, Quebec (Kanesatake) and Kahnawake. Mohawk commentators stated at the time that this was not a surrender, but a cession of hostilities, as per the burying of weapons of honoured tradition.

The phrase was used in 1759 by the Shawnee orator Missiweakiwa when it became obvious that the French war effort during the Seven Year's War (French and Indian War) was collapsing. The Shawnees had sided with the French against the English, but now the Shawnee would "bury the bloody Hatchet" with the English.

Category:Indigenous peoples of North America Category:English phrases

name	Bipasha Basu
birth date	January 07, 1979
birth place	New Delhi, Delhi, India
yearsactive	2001–present
domesticpartner	Dino Morea (1996–2002) John Abraham (2002–2011) Rana Daggubati (2012 - Present)
occupation	Film actress, model
website	BipashaBasunet.com
signature	BipashaBasu Autograph.jpg ‎ }}

Bipasha Basu (, ; born 7 January 1979) is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi language films. She has also worked in Telugu, Bengali and Tamil language films. She is a former model who had a successful modeling career before venturing into films.

She debuted in a negative role in ''Ajnabee'' (2001) which earned her the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut. Her first commercial success was ''Raaz'' (2002). She was then noticed for her bold role in the erotic thriller film, ''Jism'' (2003). She starred in top grossing films like 2005's biggest hit – ''No Entry'', ''Phir Hera Pheri'' (2006), ''Dhoom 2'' (2006) – her biggest commercial success till date and ''Race'' (2008). Her performances in ''Apharan'' (2005), ''Corporate'' (2006), ''Bachna Ae Haseeno'' (2008) and ''Lamhaa'' (2010) won her multiple nominations for several awards. She is frequented in the media as a "sex symbol".

She has been nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress and the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress twice each along with one nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role. Roles apart, she is also renowned for her item songs like "Phoonk De" in ''No Smoking'' (2007), and "Beedi" and "Namak Ishq Ka" in ''Omkara'' (2006). Basu is slated to make her international film debut with the 2012 Australian film ''Singularity''.

Early life and modeling career

Basu was born in Delhi to a Bengali Hindu family. She is the second of three sisters, the elder one being Bidisha and the younger one, Bijayeta. She lived in Delhi till the age of eight in Pampoosh Enclave, Nehru Place and studied at Apeejay High School. Her family then moved to Kolkata where she studied science till 12th standard at Bhavan's Gangabux Kanoria Vidyamandir. Basu, who describes herself as a tomboy, was pampered as a kid and was very naughty. She was fondly called 'Lady Don' in her school as everyone was scared of her and she was short and round.

Basu moved to the commerce stream after 10th standard, studying at Bhawanipur Education Society College in preparation for the 12th standard board exams. At this time, she began doing ramp shows and modeling part-time. In 1996, she won both the Godrej Cinthol Supermodel Contest and the Ford Models Supermodel of the World contest. Basu was flown to New York by the Ford Company and began her successful modelling career at the age of 17. She then appeared in the Calida commercial along with her then-boyfriend Dino Morea which was controversial for picturising them sultrily. She had some protesters outside her house after that. She has appeared on over 40 magazine covers.

Acting career

Debut and Breakthrough (2001–02)

One of the judges of the Godrej Cinthol Supermodel Contest in which Basu participated, Vinod Khanna, wanted to launch her alongside his son Akshaye Khanna in ''Himalay Putra'', but she felt she was too young and declined the role which eventually went to Anjala Zaveri. After returning home, she was convinced by another judge, Jaya Bachchan, to play the role of a village belle opposite her son Abhishek Bachchan in J. P. Dutta’s ''Aakhari Mughal''. However the film was cancelled, and Dutta instead changed the script and made ''Refugee'' with Kareena Kapoor. Basu was also offered a role in ''Refugee'' opposite Sunil Shetty, which she declined.

In 2001, Basu finally made her debut opposite Akshay Kumar in Vijay Galani’s ''Ajnabee''. The film, directed by Abbas-Mustan, was inspired by the American film ''Consenting Adults''. It was a moderate box-office success and attracted unfavorable reviews from critics. However, Basu’s performance in a negative role was appreciated by critics and won her the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut.

In 2002, Basu starred in the year’s most successful thriller, ''Raaz''. Directed by Vikram Bhatt, the film established Basu in the Hindi film industry. Her portrayal of a woman who is pursued by a spirit received positive reviews. One review in The Tribune noted, "...it is Bipasha Basu who steals the show with her fine performance." She was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress for ''Raaz''. She then appeared in supporting roles in Sanjay Gadhvi’s ''Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai'' and David Dhawan’s ''Chor Machaaye Shor'', both of which failed critically and commercially. She also appeared in a supporting role opposite Mahesh Babu and Lisa Ray in the Telugu film, ''Takkari Donga'' as a mischievous thief, Panasa. ''Gunaah'', which released later that year, was also a box-office failure. She played the role of a cop who loves a convict and tries to reform him. Derek Elley of ''Variety'' observed that Basu was a miscast as the "idealistic cop".

Initial success and struggle phase (2003–05)

In 2003, Basu starred in Pooja Bhatt’s thriller, ''Jism'', which was well received by critics and fared well at the box office. She essayed the role of seductive, ambitious wife of a millionaire who indulges in an extra-marital affair with an alcoholic lawyer and plots to kill her husband. The film ranked 92 in the top 100 sexiest movie scenes poll conducted by Channel 4. Film critic Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama commented, "...the real show stealer is Bipasha Basu ; her sexy look and seductive deep voice, in contrast with her cold and calculating personality, makes her the most impressive femme fatale since Zeenat Aman and Parveen Babi." She received a Filmfare Best Villain Award nomination for ''Jism''. Her next release, ''Zameen'', failed to make impact among audience.

Basu had four releases in 2004, all of which performed moderately and drew mixed reviews. She collaborated for the second time with Vikram Bhatt in her first release ''Aetbaar''. She played the role of a young girl who falls in love with a psychopath. Rediff.com noted that "...The characters are not convincing, the plot is not fast-paced or interesting." Her next film was Mani Shankar’s ''Rudraksh'' which was based on the Indian epic ''Ramayana''. The film was a disaster at the box-office and was panned by the critics. She then starred in ''Rakht'' as a tarot card reader trying to solve a murder mystery. Critic Shruti Bhasin of Planetbollywood wrote, "Bipasha Basu impresses in a different look and role." Her final release that year was Anil Sharma’s ''Madhoshi'' opposite John Abraham. Her performance of a mentally unstable girl was generally well received.

In 2005, she appeared in the love triangle ''Barsaat'' alongside Bobby Deol and Priyanka Chopra. Taran Adarsh commented, "...As an actor, she [Bipasha Basu] does show sparks only towards the end." She also starred in the Tamil film, ''Sachein'' which was a hit and then in Prakash Jha’s ''Apaharan'', which won the National Film Award for Best Screenplay. In this period, she refused to act in art-films due to salary problems. Besides acting, Basu did the video "Tu" for Sonu Nigam's album, ''Kismat''. She made a guest appearance in Jay Sean's music video ''Stolen''.

Success (2005–2009)

After a slow start, Basu established herself as a successful actress with the success of ''No Entry'', ''Corporate'' and ''Dhoom 2''. ''No Entry'' grossed 71 crore at the box-office and was the highest grossing film of 2005. Basu essayed the role of a bargirl who acts as wife of two men. She earned Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress nomination for the film. 2006 was equally successful for her with her four major releases, ''Phir Hera Pheri'', ''Corporate'', ''Omkara'' and ''Dhoom 2'', performing well critically and commercially. ''Phir Hera Pheri'' became the ninth highest grossing film of the year. She was featured in a bit but significant role of a con woman who steals a sum of 10 million from the protagonists. In Madhur Bhandarkar’s ''Corporate'', she gave up her glamorous look for the role of a businesswoman who has no qualms in taking advantage of her sexuality to con the CEO of a rival company. She won accolades from critics for her performance. Critic Aparna wrote, "[...] she has done a fabulous job as an ambitious woman. The kind of shrewdness in a woman that she essays has never been seen before in India films." She was nominated for the second time for Filmfare Best Actress Award.

In Vishal Bharadwaj’s adaptation of Othello, ''Omkara'', Basu essayed the role of Bianca. She caught the attention of public with her dance number ''Beedi'' which was highly popular in India and overseas. Critic Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN wrote, "...Bipasha Basu is brought in to lend oomph and she succeeds in doing just that." Basu became the talk of the town for donning a bikini in Aditya Chopra’s ''Dhoom 2''. She reportedly ate only oranges for three days and trained hard to shoot the scene. Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India commented, "Aah Bipasha! Looks great, brings back the bikini to Bollywood, and gently slips into the shadows as a pretty accessory."

In 2007, Ronnie Screwvala’s ''Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal'' performed below average at the box-office. The song picturised on John Abraham and Basu, "Billo Rani", became quite popular and earned her the nickname "Billo Rani", though equal credit must be given to ''Omkara'' in which her name was Billo Chanambahar. In 2008, she teamed up once again with Abbas-Mustan for ''Race''. She played the role of Sonia who is stuck in a love-triangle between two brothers (played by Saif Ali Khan and Akshaye Khanna) and through the course, she murders one of them. The film grossed 68 crores at the box office and was the fourth-biggest hit that year in India and performed good enough overseas as well. Her performance was appreciated by critics with Taran Adarsh citing it as "her best work so far. She’s superb". Basu’s work in Siddharth Anand’s ''Bachna Ae Haseeno'' as a successful supermodel who finds it hard to forgive her ex-lover for betraying her earned her a second nomination for Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award. She completed 2008 by appearing during the song "Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte" in ''Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi''.

Her first release in 2009, ''Aa Dekhen Zara'' failed to do well at the box-office. Rohit Shetty’s ''All The Best: Fun Begins'' performed well and her comic role was appreciated by fans. Later that year, Basu surprised everybody with Rituparno Ghosh’s Bengali film, ''Shob Charitro Kalponik''. "I love saris and I'm wearing a lot of them in Ritu's film," she said. She gave up her glamorous look and was praised by critics for her performance. Critic Subhash K Jha spoke high of her. He said, "...Bipasha [Basu] pulls out all stops to deliver her career’s best performance. Her moments of anguish before and after her screen-husband’s death are expressed in tones of cathartic conviction that we never knew existed within Bipasha." He also compared her with the multiple award winning actress, Shabana Azmi, commenting that Basu’s anguished portrayal of bereavement can be equaled by Azmi only.

Recent Work (2010–present)

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With the 2010 film Pankh, Basu returned with her alluring image as an imaginary character who exists in the protagonist’s mind. She was then featured as a Kashmiri girl in Rahul Dholakia’s ''Lamhaa'' which explored socio-political problems in Kashmir. Principal photography of Lamhaa was disrupted many times by the locals in Kashmir due to the controversial theme. During the shooting of ''Lamhaa'', she left the sets at Anantnag and headed back to Mumbai citing she was afraid of the crowd there. Producer Bunty Walia thought of replacing her with Vidya Balan but she returned for the shoot later with necessary security arrangements. NDTV Movies wrote, "Bipasha sinks herself into her character imparting a dramatic resonance into the role without resorting to stock expressions. The sequence where she gets mauled by militant women is as traumatic to watch as it must have been for Bipasha to shoot." Basu then appeared as the wife of a ruthless cop in Priyadarshan’s ''Aakrosh'' who helps the police with investigation on honor killings in their village. She met with mixed reviews for the film. Nikhat Kazmi of Times of India commented, "Bipasha actually doesn't have much to do and does seem to be miscast as the much-abused, bruised and battered wife of Paresh Rawal."

Her only release in 2011 was ''Dum Maaro Dum'' which performed reasonably well at the box-office and met with good reviews from critics. Talking of the film, she said, "My next release is DMD [''Dum Maaro Dum''], in which I play a lively, colourful, happy-go-lucky girl called Zoey, who is the representation of Goa as we see it." Basu collaborated with Abbas-Mustan for the third time in ''Players'' which became the first release of 2012. The film was an official remake of ''The Italian Job''. ''Players'' was heavily compared to ''The Italian Job'' and was criticized for its execution and performances, including that of Basu. She made her English language debut with Roland Joffé’s epic drama ''Singularity'' which will be premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2012. She plays the role of a Maratha warrior Taluja Naik in the film. Basu is also signed by Vikram Bhatt for the third time for ''Raaz 3D'', the third film in the ''Raaz'' series. Principal photography of the film began in January, 2012. She will also be seen in a guest appearance reprising her role of ''Race'' in the upcoming film by Abbas-Mustan, ''Race 2''.

Personal life

Basu was in a relationship with her ''Raaz'' co-star Dino Morea since 1996 till they broke up in 2002. Soon afterwards during the filming of ''Jism'', Basu began to date her co-star John Abraham, and they were in a relationship till early 2011 when the couple officially broke off. While together, the two were often referred to as a supercouple in the Indian media. Basu has been in the limelight since her bold role in ''Jism''. She ranked 8 in Times 50 most desirable Women in 2011 and ranked 13 in 2012. UK magazine ''Eastern Eye'' named her the "Sexiest Woman in Asia" twice in 2005 and 2007.

Basu is an advocate of physical fitness. Apart from films, she released a fitness DVD called ''Love Yourself'', which emphasized on being strong, healthy, and loving one’s self. She was also the brand ambassador of Sugar Free, which helped her promoting the DVD. Hiren Gada, director of Shemaroo Entertainment said, "A celebrity like Bipasha Basu, genuinely believes in staying healthy. She is also passionate about fitness." She had previously worked on another fitness video called ''Bollywood Bodies'' with John Abraham.

Filmography

''Takkari Donga'' ''Raaz (2002 film) ''Aankhen (2002 film) ''Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai'' ''Chor Machaaye Shor'' ''Gunaah (2002 film) ''Tujhe Meri Kasam'' ''Jism (film) ''Footpath (2003 film) ''Rules: Pyaar Ka Superhit Formula'' ''Zameen (film) ''Ishq Hai Tumse'' ''Aetbaar'' ''Rudraksh (film) ''Rakht'' ''Madhoshi'' ''Chehraa'' ''Sachein'' ''Viruddh... Family Comes First'' ''Barsaat (2005 film) ''No Entry'' ''Apaharan'' ''Shikhar (film) ''Hum Ko Deewana Kar Gaye'' ''Darna Zaroori Hai'' ''Phir Hera Pheri'' ''Alag'' ''Corporate (film) ''Omkara (film) ''Jaane Hoga Kya'' ''Dhoom 2'' ''Nehlle Pe Dehlla'' ''No Smoking (2007 film) ''Om Shanti Om'' ''Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal'' ''Race (2008 film) ''Bachna Ae Haseeno'' ''Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi'' ''Aa Dekhen Zara'' ''All The Best: Fun Begins'' ''Shob Charitro Kalponik'' ''Pankh (film) ''Lamhaa'' ''Aakrosh (2010 film) ''Dum Maro Dum (film) ''Players (2011 film) ''Jodi Breakers'' ''Singularity (film) ''Kyaa Super Kool Hain Hum'' ''Raaz 3D'' ''Race 2''

Year	! Film	! Role	! Notes
2001	Ajnabee (2001 film)>Ajnabee''	Sonia/Neeta
2002	|	Panasa	Telugu language>Telugu film
2002	Raaz'' ||	Sanjana Dhanraj	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actress
2002	Aankhen'' ||	Raina
2002	|	Ria
2002	|	Ranjita
2002	Gunaah'' ||	Prabha Narayan
2003	|	Herself	Special appearance
2003	Jism'' ||	Sonia Khanna	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role
2003	Footpath'' ||	Sanjana Rai Shingla Khan
2003	|		Special appearance
2003	Zameen'' ||	Nandini
2004	|	Kushboo
2004	|	Ria Malhotra
2004	Rudraksh'' ||	Gayetri
2004	|	Drishti
2004	|	Anupama Kaul
2005	|	Megha
2005	|	Manju	Tamil language>Tamil film
2005	|		Special appearance
2005	Barsaat'' ||	Anna
2005	|	Bobby	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
2005	|	Megha
2005	Shikhar'' ||	Natasha
2006	|	Sonia Berry
2006	|	Varsha
2006	|	Anuradha
2006	|		Special appearance in song "Sabse Alag"
2006	Corporate'' ||	Nishigandha Dasgupta	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actress
2006	Omkara'' ||	Billo Chamanbahar
2006	|	Aditi
2006	|	ACP Shonali Bose/ Monali Bose
2007	|	Pooja
2007	No Smoking'' ||		Special appearance in song "Phoonk De"
2007	|	Herself	Special appearance
2007	|	Rumana
2008	Race'' ||	Sonia
2008	|	Radhika/Shreya Rathod	Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
2008	|		Special appearance in song "Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte"
2009	|	Simi Chatterjee
2009	|	Jhanvi Chopra
2009	|	Radhika	Bengali language>Bengali film
2010	Pankh'' ||	Nandini (Alter-ego)
2010	|	Aziza
2010	Aakrosh'' ||	Geeta
2011	Dum Maro Dum'' ||	Zoey
2012	Players'' ||	Riya
2012	|	Sonali Agnihotri
2012	Singularity'' ||	Tulaja Naik	English film
2012	|		Filming
2012	|	Shanaya	Filming
2012	|	Sonia	Guest appearance

See also

List of Indian film actresses

References

External links

Category:1979 births Category:Living people Category:Indian film actors Category:Bengali people Category:Bengali actors Basu,Bipasha Category:Indian female models Category:Apeejay School alumni Category:Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan schools alumni Category:Bhawanipur Education Society College alumni Category:Hindi film actors Category:Indian Hindus Category:People from Kolkata Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:People from Mumbai

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