According to Origen, Celsus was the author of an anti-Christian work titled ''The True Word''. This work was lost, but we have Origen's account of it in his writings. Origen. It was during the reign of Philip the Arab that Origen received this work for rebuttal. Origen's refutation of ''The True Word'' contained its text, interwoven with Origen's replies. Origen's work has survived and thereby preserved Celsus' work with it.
Celsus seems to have been interested in Ancient Egyptian religion, and he seemed to know of Jewish logos-theology, both of which suggest ''The True Word'' was composed in Alexandria. Celsus wrote at a time when Christianity was being actively persecuted and when there seems to have been more than one emperor.
As a pagan anti-Christian Greek philosopher, Celsus mounted an attack on Christianity. Celsus wrote that Jesus's father was a Roman soldier named Pantera. The views of Celsus drew responses from Origen who considered it a fabricated story. Raymond E. Brown states that the story of Pantera is a fanciful explanation of the birth of Jesus which includes very little historical evidence.
Origen wrote in 248, it was at this point that Origen brought to light again a book written in the days of Marcus Aurelius but still in circulation. Sometimes quoting, sometimes paraphrasing, sometimes merely referring, Origen reproduces and replies to Celsus' arguments. Since accuracy was essential to his refutation of ''The True Word'', most scholars agree that Origen is a reliable source for what Celsus said.Celsus shows himself familiar with the story of Jewish origins. Conceding that Christians are not without success in business (''infructuosi in negotiis''), he wants them to be good citizens, to retain their own belief but conform to the state religion. It is an earnest and striking appeal on behalf of the Empire, and shows the terms offered to the Christian sects, as well as the importance of the various sects at the time. It is not known how many were Christians at the time of Celsus but as a comparison the estimation of Wilken of the Jewish population of the empire to have been about 10 % may be quoted. The Christians were certainly fewer. It is unlikely their influence was greater than what the physical evidence reveals throughout AD 100-400.
Category:2nd-century philosophers Category:Anti-Gnosticism Category:Year of birth missing Category:Year of death missing Category:2nd-century Christianity
be:Цэльс ca:Cels (filòsof) de:Kelsos (Philosoph) el:Κέλσος es:Celso fr:Celse (philosophe) gl:Celso is:Kelsos it:Celso (filosofo) la:Celsus (philosophus) hu:Kelszosz ml:സെൽസസ് nl:Celsus (filosoof) oc:Cèls pl:Kelsos pt:Celsus ru:Цельс sr:Келс sh:Kelsos fi:Kelsos sv:KelsosThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 40°37′29″N73°57′8″N |
---|---|
name | Bernard Farrell |
birth name | Bernard Farrell |
birth date | 1939 |
birth place | Sandycove, Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
occupation | Playwright |
nationality | |
alma mater | CBC Monkstown |
notableworks | ''I Do Not Like Thee, Doctor Fell'' |
awards | Rooney Prize for Irish Literature |
portaldisp | }} |
Bernard Farrell (born 1939) is an Irish dramatist, best known for his play ''I Do Not Like Thee, Doctor Fell'', which parodies American psychobabble and the Irish reaction thereto.
He has been Writer-In-Association with the Abbey Theatre, served on the Advisory Council of the Abbey and, for eight years, was a Director on the Board of the Abbey. He lives in Greystones, Co.Wicklow.
Many of his stage plays are in translation and have been performed extensively in North America, Europe and Australia
The play is one of the most popular plays in Ireland with it often reproduced. It also enjoyed success abroad. It has been presented twice at the Acting Irish International Theatre Festival in 1995 (by Milwaukee Irish Arts) and again in 2005 (by the Tara Players of Winnipeg.)
He has been Writer-In-Association with the Abbey Theatre, served on the Advisory Council of the Abbey and, for eight years, was a Director on the Board of the Abbey. He lives in Greystones, Co.Wicklow.
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This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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