Coordinates	55°45′06″N37°37′04″N
Folk tale name	Cinderella
Image name	Cendrillon2.JPG
Aarne-thompson grouping	510a
Country	Worldwide
Published in	''The Pentamerone'' (1634) ''Mother Goose Tales'' (1697)''Grimm's Fairy Tales'' (1812)
Related	}}

"Cinderella; or, The Little Glass Slipper" (, ) is a folk tale embodying a myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward. Thousands of variants are known throughout the world. The title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune. The word "cinderella" has, by analogy, come to mean one whose attributes are unrecognised, or one who unexpectedly achieves recognition or success after a period of obscurity and neglect. The still-popular story of "Cinderella" continues to influence popular culture internationally, lending plot elements, allusions, and tropes to a wide variety of media.

Early versions

The Cinderella theme may well have originated in classical antiquity. The Ancient Greek historian Strabo (''Geographica'' Book 17, 1.33) recorded in the 1st century BC the tale of the Greco-Egyptian girl Rhodopis, "rosy-cheeked", who lived in the Greek colony of Naucratis in Ancient Egypt. It is often considered the oldest known version of the story:

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Herodotus, some five centuries before Strabo, supplied further information about Rhodopis in his ''Histories'', writing that Rhodopis came from Thrace, and was the slave of Iadmon of Samos, and a fellow-slave of Aesop. She was taken to Egypt in the time of Pharaoh Amasis, and freed there for a large sum by Charaxus of Mytilene, brother of Sappho, the lyric poet.

The story later reappears with Aelian (ca. 175–ca. 235), showing that the Cinderella theme remained popular throughout antiquity.

The magical significance of the pumpkin in the Cinderella story (which has led to a modern expression for a person who desires an early bedtime, 'after midnight, I turn into a pumpkin') might derive from the 1st century comic work of Seneca 'On the Pumpkinification of Claudius', playing on a pun for the word for deification and the word for pumpkin.

Another version of the story, ''Ye Xian'', appeared in ''Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang'' by Tuan Ch'eng-Shih around 860. Here, the hardworking and lovely girl befriends a fish, the reincarnation of her mother, who was killed by her stepmother. Ye Xian saves the bones, which are magic, and they help her dress appropriately for a festival. When she loses her slipper after a fast exit, the king finds her slipper and falls in love with her (eventually rescuing her from her cruel stepmother). Another version of the story, which is similar to the Chinese version, exists in the Philippines. The story is known as "Mariang Alimango" (Mary the Crab). In this version, the spirit of her dead mother reincarnates as a crab, hence the title, and serves as her "fairy godmother".

Several different variants of the story appear in the medieval ''One Thousand and One Nights'', also known as the ''Arabian Nights'', including "The Second Shaykh's Story", "The Eldest Lady's Tale" and "Abdallah ibn Fadil and His Brothers", all dealing with the theme of a younger sibling harassed by two jealous elders. In some of these, the siblings are female, while in others, they are male. One of the tales, "Judar and His Brethren", departs from the happy endings of previous variants and reworks the plot to give it a tragic ending instead, with the younger brother being poisoned by his elder brothers.

Aspects of Cinderella may be derived from the story of Cordelia in Geoffrey of Monmouth's The History of the Kings of Britain. Cordelia is the youngest and most virtuous of King Leir of Briton's three daughters, however her virtue is such that it will not allow her to lie in flattering her father when he asks, so that he divides up the kingdom between the elder daughters and leaves Cordelia with nothing. Cordelia marries her love, Aginippus, King of the Franks, and flees to Gaul where she and her husband raise an army and depose her wicked sisters who have been misusing their father. Cordelia is finally crowned Queen of the Britons. However her reign only lasts five years. The story is famously retold by Shakespeare, but given a tragic ending.

Cenerentola, Cinderella and Aschenputtel

In 1634, Giambattista Basile, a Neapolitan soldier and government official, wrote ''Lo cunto de li cunti'' (The Story of Stories), or ''Pentamerone''. It featured the tale of Cenerentola, which features a wicked step mother and step sisters, magical transformations, a missing slipper, and a hunt by a prince for the owner of the slipper.

Plot (Cenerentola)

A princess is ensnared by her governess in a plot to kill her stepmother and to convince her father to marry the governess. The governess succeeds, and then brings forward six daughters of her own, who abuse Zesolla (the Cindrella figure). The king goes into a fair and brings back a golden bucket, a silk napkin, and a date tree for his daughter. The Prince gives a ball, and Zesolla appears dressed richly by a fairy living in the date tree and loses her slipper on the third night. The Prince finds Zesolla by means of the slipper, and eventually marries her.

One of the most popular versions of Cinderella was written by Charles Perrault in 1697. The popularity of his tale was due to his additions to the story, including the pumpkin, the fairy-godmother and the introduction of glass slippers.

Another well-known version was recorded by the German brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the 19th century. The tale is called ''"Aschenputtel"'' (''"Cinderella"'' in English translations) and the help comes not from a fairy-godmother but the wishing tree that grows on her mother's grave.

Plot (Aschenputtel)

A rich gentleman's wife lay dying, and she called her only daughter, the Cinderella figure, to her bedside. She asked the daughter to remain kind and generous, and God will protect her. She then died and was buried. Within the year, the widower married another woman, who had two beautiful, yet evil, daughters. The stepsisters forced the girl to become a kitchen maid, stripping her of her fine clothes and possessions. Despite their cruelty, the girl remained pure in heart, and wept daily by her mother's grave.

One day, the gentleman visits the city, promising his stepdaughters gifts of luxury. His own daughter merely asks for the first twig to knock his hat off on the way. She plants the twig, waters it with her tears and over the years, it grows into a silver birch tree. In its branches lives a dove, which comforts the girl during her misery.

The king gives a festival for three nights, and each time the girl retreats to the graveyard to ask for help. The dove presents her with gowns of gold and silver, but always leaving before the last strike of midnight. The Prince falls in love with her and threads off one of her golden shoes, but the sisters tried to trick the Prince by cutting off parts of their feet. The doves living on the tree alert the Prince to their treachery, and in the end during Aschenputtel's wedding the birds fly down and strike the two sisters blind for the rest of their lives.

In Irish Gaelic myth/lore, there is a story of ''Geal, Donn, and Critheanach'', or ''Fair, Brown and Trembling''. The Stepsisters' Celtic equivalents are Geal and Donn, and Cinderella is Critheanach.

Plot (taken from Perrault)

(See above for many variations)

Once upon a time, there was a widower who married a proud and haughty woman as his second wife. She had two daughters, who were equally vain. By his first wife, he'd had a beautiful young daughter, a girl of unparalleled goodness and sweet temper. The Stepmother and her daughters forced the first daughter into servitude, where she was made to work day and night in menial chores. After the girl's chores were done for the day, she would retire to the barren and cold room given to her, and would curl up near the fireplace in an effort to stay warm. She would often arise covered in cinders, giving rise to the mocking nickname "Cinderella". Cinderella bears the abuse patiently and dares not tell her father, since his wife controls him entirely.

One day, the Prince invites all the young ladies in the land to a ball, planning to choose a wife from amongst them. The two Stepsisters gleefully planned their wardrobes for the ball, and taunted Cinderella by telling her maids were not invited to the ball.

As the sisters depart to the ball, Cinderella cries in despair. Her Fairy Godmother magically appears and immediately begins to transform Cinderella from house servant to the young lady she was by birth, all in the effort to get Cinderella to the ball. She turns a pumpkin into a golden carriage, mice into horses, a rat into a coachman, and lizards into footmen. She then turns Cinderella's rags into a beautiful jeweled gown, complete with a delicate pair of glass slippers. The Godmother tells her to enjoy the ball, but warned that she had to return before midnight, when the spells would be broken.

At the ball, the entire court is entranced by Cinderella, most especially the Prince. At this first ball, Cinderella remembers to leave before midnight. Back home, Cinderella graciously thanks her Godmother. She then greets the stepsisters, who had not recognized her earlier and talked of nothing but the beautiful girl at the ball.

Another ball is held the next evening, and Cinderella again attends with her Godmother's help. The Prince has become even more entranced, and Cinderella in turn becomes so enchanted by him she loses track of time and leaves only at the final stroke of midnight, losing one of her glass slippers on the steps of the palace in her haste. The Prince chases her, but outside the palace, the guards watch only a simple country wench leave. The Prince pockets the slipper and vows to find and marry the girl to whom it belonged. Meanwhile, Cinderella keeps the other slipper, which did not disappear when the spell was broken.

The Prince tries the slipper on all the women in the kingdom. When the Prince arrives at Cinderella's villa, the stepsisters try in vain to win over the prince. Cinderella asks if she might try, while the stepsisters taunt her. Naturally, the slipper fits perfectly, and Cinderella produces the other slipper for good measure. The stepsisters beg for forgiveness, and Cinderella forgives them for their cruelties.

Cinderella marries the Prince, and the stepsisters also marry two lords.

The first moral of the story is that beauty is a treasure, but graciousness is priceless. Without it, nothing is possible; with it, one can do anything.

However, the second moral of the story mitigates the first one and reveals the criticism that Perrault is aiming at: "Another moral: Without doubt it is a great advantage to have intelligence, courage, good breeding, and common sense. These, and similar talents come only from heaven, and it is good to have them. However, even these may fail to bring you success, without the blessing of a godfather or a godmother."

Types

Folklorists have long studied variants on this tale across cultures. In 1893, Marian Roalfe Cox, commissioned by the Folklore Society of Britain, produced ''Cinderella: Three Hundred and Forty-Five Variants of Cinderella, Catskin and, Cap o'Rushes, Abstracted and Tabulated with a Discussion of Medieval Analogues and Notes.''

Further morphology studies have continued on this seminal work.

''Cinderella'' is classified as Aarne-Thompson type 510A, the persecuted heroine. Others of this type include ''The Sharp Grey Sheep'', ''The Golden Slipper'', ''The Story of Tam and Cam'', ''Rushen Coatie'', ''Fair, Brown and Trembling'' and ''Katie Woodencloak''.

Adaptations

The story of "Cinderella" has formed the basis of many notable works:

Opera

''Cendrillon'' (1749) by Jean-Louis Laruette

''Cendrillon'' (1810) by Nicolas Isouard, libretto by Charles-Guillaume Étienne

''La Cenerentola'' (1817) by Gioachino Rossini

''Aschenbrödel'' (1878) by Ferdinand Langer

''Cendrillon'' (1894-5) by Jules Massenet, libretto by Henri Caïn

''Cinderella'' (1901-2) by Gustav Holst

''La Cenerentola'' (1902) by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari

''Cendrillon'' (1904) by Pauline García-Viardot

''Aschenbrödel'' (1905) by Leo Blech, libretto by Richard Batka

''La Cenicienta'' (1966) by Jorge Peña Hen

''Cinderella'', a "pantomime opera" (1979) by Peter Maxwell Davies

''Cendrillon'', children's opera (1994) by Vladimir Kojoukharov

Ballet

''Cinderella'' (1893) by Baron Boris Vietinghoff-Scheel

''Aschenbrödel'' (1901) by Johann Strauss II, adapted and completed by Josef Bayer

''Das Märchen vom Aschenbrödel'' (1941) by Frank Martin

''Soluschka'' or ''Cinderella'' (1945) by Sergei Prokofiev

''Cinderella'' (1980) by Paul Reade

''Cinderella - A Tragic Tale'' (2011) by Terence Kohler for Finnish National Ballet, Music by Lera Auerbach

Ice Show

''Cinderella'' (2008) by Tim A. Duncan and Edward Barnwell

Verse

''Assepoester'' (1981) by Jan Kal

Theater

Pantomime

Cinderella debuted as a pantomime on stage at the Drury Lane Theatre, London in 1904 and at the Adelphi Theatre in London in 1905. Phyllis Dare, aged 14 or 15, starred in the latter. In 1926, Cinderella was caught on film in the London Palladium, starring Lennie Dean in the lead role.

In the traditional pantomime version the opening scene is set in a forest with a hunt in sway and it is here that Cinderella first meets Prince Charming and his "right-hand man" Dandini, whose name and character come from Gioachino Rossini opera (''La Cenerentola''). Cinderella mistakes Dandini for the Prince and the Prince for Dandini.

Her father, Baron Hardup, is under the thumb of his two stepdaughters, the Ugly sisters, and has a servant named Buttons, who is Cinderella's friend. Throughout the pantomime, the Baron is continually harassed by the Broker's Men (often named after current politicians) for outstanding rent. The Fairy Godmother must magically create a coach (from a pumpkin), footmen (from mice), a coach driver (from a frog), and a beautiful dress (from rags) for Cinderella to go to the ball. However, she must return by midnight, as it is then that the spell ceases.

A version debuted in the USA at the El Portal Theatre, NoHo in 2010. It was produced by Lythgoe Family Productions of So You Think You Can Dance fame and MPI Entertainment.

Musical theatre

''Cinderella: The Musical'' by Landon Parks (book & lyrics) and Ioannis Kourtis (music) is an English language musical stage show written in 2009, and based on the opera ''Cendrillon'' by Jules Massenett.

''Cinderella'' by Rodgers and Hammerstein was produced for television three times:

* ''Cinderella'' (1957) features Julie Andrews as Cinderella, Jon Cypher, Kaye Ballard, Alice Ghostley and Edie Adams (broadcast in color, but only black-and-white kinescopes exist today).

* ''Cinderella'' (1965) features Lesley Ann Warren as Cinderella, Stuart Damon as the Prince, Ginger Rogers as the Queen, Walter Pidgeon as the King, Celeste Holm as the Fairy Godmother and Jo Van Fleet as the Stepmother.

* ''Cinderella'' (1997) features Brandy as Cinderella, Paolo Montalbán, Whitney Houston, Whoopi Goldberg, Victor Garber, Bernadette Peters, and Jason Alexander.

:The Rodgers and Hammerstein version has also been staged live at times. A successful version ran in 1958 at the London Coliseum with a cast including Tommy Steele, Yana, Jimmy Edwards, Kenneth Williams and Betty Marsden. This version was augmented with several other Rodgers and Hammerstein's songs plus a song written by Tommy Steele, "You and Me" which he sang with Jimmy Edwards. Bobby Howell was the musical director. A 2005 version featured Paolo Montalbán and an ethnically diverse cast, like the 1997 TV version. Broadway Asia Entertainment produced a staged International Tour starring Lea Salonga and Australian actor Peter Saide in 2008.

''Mr. Cinders'', a musical which opened at the Adelphi Theatre, London in 1929. Filmed in 1934

''Into the Woods'' by Stephen Sondheim (1988), in which Cinderella is one of many fairy tale characters who take part in the plot. This is partly based on the Grimm Brothers version of "Cinderella," including the enchanted birds, mother's grave, three balls, and mutilation and blinding of the stepsisters.

''The Return of The Glass Slipper'' by Mary Donelly

''Cinderella'' by Kate Hawley is written in the style of British pantos.

''Cindy'', a 1964 Off-Broadway musical composed by Johnny Brandon

''Золушka'' ''(or'' Zolushka'')'', a 2002 made-for-TV Russian pop musical

''Cinderella'' (2007), a pantomime written by Stephen Fry for the Old Vic Theatre

''Cinderella the Musical'' (2008), features J-Pop group Morning Musume and the Takarazuka Revue

''Cinderella Sillyious Musical'' (2008/09), a musical comedy produced by Ross Petty for the Elgin Theatre Toronto

''If the shoe fits'' (2011) Riverside Theater Guild

Films

Over the decades, hundreds of films have been made that are either direct adaptations from Cinderella or have plots loosely based on the story. Almost every year at least one, but often several such films are produced and released, resulting in Cinderella becoming a work of literature with one of the largest numbers of film adaptations ascribed to it.

''Cinderella'' (1899), the first ever film version, produced in France by Georges Méliès.

''Cinderella'' (1911), a silent film starring Florence La Badie

''Cinderella'' (1914), a silent film starring Mary Pickford

''Aschenputtel'' (1922) silhouette shadow play short by Lotte Reiniger.

''Cinderella'', an animated Laugh-O-Gram produced by Walt Disney, first released on December 6, 1922. This film was about 7.5 minutes long.

''A Kick for Cinderella'' (1925), a Bud Fisher animation featuring Mutt and Jeff.

''Cinderella'' (1925), a Walter Lantz animation in the Dinky Doodle series.

''Poor Cinderella'' (1934), a Fleischer Studios animated short film starring Betty Boop

''Cinderella Meets Fella'', (1938), a Merrie Melodies animated short film

''First Love'' (1939), musical modernization with Deanna Durbin and Robert Stack

''Cinderella'' (Зо́лушка) (1947), a Soviet musical film by Lenfilm studios, starring Erast Garin and Faina Ranevskaya

''Cinderella'', (1950) a Disney animated feature released on February 15, 1950, now considered one of Disney's classics. A direct-to-video sequel, ''Cinderella II: Dreams Come True'', was released in 2002. A second direct-to-video sequel ''Cinderella III: A Twist in Time'' was released in 2007.

''Aschenputtel'' (1955), West German film, dubbed into English and released in the USA in 1966 as ''Cinderella''.

''The Glass Slipper'' (1955), feature film with Leslie Caron and Michael Wilding

''Cinderfella'' (1960), notable in that the main character is a man, played by Jerry Lewis

The story also inspired an episode of ''The Flintstones'' entitled, ''Cinderellastone'', which originally aired on October 22, 1964. In it, Fred, mad because he was not invited to Mr. Slate's party, dreams he is Cinderella (complete with a Fairy Godmother voiced by June Foray) and goes to the party. The next day, he gets a big promotion and finds that he wasn't invited due to a clerical oversight.

''Popelka'' (Cinderella, 1969), a Czech musical film

''Hey, Cinderella!'' (1970), a 60-minute film produced by the Jim Henson Company. This comedy version features Jim Henson's trademark Muppets (including a small role by Kermit the Frog).

''Sinderella Kül Kedisi'' (1971) Turkish film with Zeynep Değirmencioğlu

''Tři oříšky pro Popelku / Drei Haselnüsse für Aschenbrödel'' (Three Nuts for Cinderella; known in the UK as Three Gifts for Cinderella), a Czech-German movie released in 1973

''The Slipper and the Rose'', a 1976 British musical film starring Gemma Craven and Richard Chamberlain.

''Cinderella'', a 1977 American erotic musical comedy starring Cheryl "Rainbeaux" Smith, Brett Smiley and Sy Richardson, directed by Michael Pataki

''Cindy'' (1978), made for television

''Zolushka'', a 1979 musical Soviet animated film.

''The Tender Tale of Cinderella Penguin'' (1981), an Oscar-nominated animated short from the National Film Board of Canada

''Fresh'' (1985), a music video for the song by Kool & the Gang features a Cinderella theme.

''Working Girl'' (1988), starring Melanie Griffith, a reworking of the Cinderella story, set in corporate America.

''Hello Kitty's Cinderella'' (1989), an anime short film starring Hello Kitty, was released in Japan.

''Hello Kitty - Cinderella'' was released in the U.S. as part of the ''Hello Kitty and Friends'' anime series.

''Ashpet: An American Cinderella'', a 1990 Southern "Appalachia" version of the story, adapted from the Brothers Grimm, starring Louise Anderson and directed by Tom Davenport.

''If the Shoe Fits'' (1990), modern take on the Cinderella story set in France starring Rob Lowe and Jennifer Grey

''Cinderella'' (1994), produced by Jetlag Productions and distributed by GoodTimes Entertainment, premiered on video.

''Cinderella Monogatari'' (1996) Japanese Anime version of Cinderella. Consisted of 26 episodes.

''Ever After'' (1998), starring Drew Barrymore, a post-feminist take on the Cinderella myth.

''Cinderella'' (2000), a British production set in mid-20th century and starring Kathleen Turner

''Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister'' (2002), A look at the classic "Cinderella" story from the perspective of one of her 'ugly' stepsister adapted from Gregory Maguire's book of the same name

''A Cinderella Story'' (2004), a modernization featuring Hilary Duff and Chad Michael Murray

A segment of the 2005 Turkish anthology film ''Istanbul Tales'' made up of five stories based on popular fairy tales is based on this tale in which Cinderella is a prostitute

''Cinderelmo'', a Cinderella story featuring ''Sesame Street's'' Elmo and Keri Russell

''Happily N'Ever After'' (2007)

''Year of the Fish'' (2008)

''Another Cinderella Story'' (2008) starring Selena Gomez and Drew Seeley

''Elle: A Modern Cinderella Tale'' (2010) starring Sterling Knight and Ashlee Hewitt

''Grazilda'' (2010), a Philippine TV series. It tells the story of Cinderella but its focused on what happened after happily ever after.

''Cinderella'' (2013) starring Amanda Seyfried

Books

Cox M.-R. Cinderella. Three Hundred and Forty-five Variants of Cinderella, Catskin, and Cap 0’ Rushes, abstracted and tabulated, with a discussion of mediaeval analogues, and notes, by Marian Roalfe Cox. L., 1893.

Rooth A.B. The Cinderella cycle. Lund: Gleerup, 1951.

50 Ways To Retell A Story: Cinderella by Alan Peat, Julie Peat and Christopher Storey: Published by Creative Educational Press Ltd 2010. ISBN 978-0-9544755-5-0.

Novels

''Chinese Cinderella'' by Adeline Yen Mah

''Politically Correct Bedtime Stories'' by James Garner. In this version, Cinderella is dressed in a gown "woven of silk which was stolen from unsuspecting silkworms" and has all the men fighting to death over her. This enables the women to take over the government and pass the law that women should only wear comfortable clothes.

''Bound'' by Donna Jo Napoli

''Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister'' by Gregory Maguire. Maguire's style of writing is to twist fairy tales. In his novel, Cinderella is the spoiled child, whose confinement to the heath is self-imposed after the death of her mother.

''Ella Enchanted'' by Gail Carson Levine Ella was put under a spell at birth that forces her to obey any order given to her. An unusual twist as it features the ball only in the last few chapters, dealing more with Ella's struggle against the curse and because the prince (Charmont) knows Ella before the ball but does not recognize her as she is in disguise.

''Cinderellis and the Glass Hill'' by Gail Carson Levine

''I was a Rat! or The Scarlet Slippers'' by Philip Pullman

''Bella at Midnight'' by Diane Stanley

''Just Ella'' by Margaret Peterson Haddix

''Nine Coaches Waiting'' by Mary Stewart

''The Glass Slipper'' by Eleanor Farjeon

''Phoenix and Ashes'' by Mercedes Lackey

''When Cinderella Falls Down Dead'' by Joshua Gabe and Grayian Phoenix. In this version, Cinderella is reembodied into the 21st Century in the body of a young girl.

''Witches Abroad'' by Terry Pratchett

The Midnight Dancers by Regina Doman makes references to the fairy tale. The heroine Rachel is exploited by her stepmother and stepsisters, and routinely sneaks out to dance.

''Godmother, The Secret Cinderella Story'' by Carolyn Turgeon. Lil is the fairy that was given the task of helping Cinderella get to the ball and the prince, but she is trapped in the body of an aging elderly woman for the huge mistake she made. To redeem her mistake, she tries to get two single New Yorkers together to a ball.

''Her Feet Chime'' by Rumki Chowdhury. In this Bangladeshi version, Asha's evil aunt and cousin turn her into a servant, renaming her Thamsha, and breaking all family relations with her. Asha's servant friends help her wear a ginger garment and meet her Nawabzada, Bengali Prince, at a palace gathering.

''Mrs. Beast'' by Pamela Ditchoff

''Cindy Ella'' by Robin Palmer

''The Fairy Godmother'' by Mercedes Lackey

Jim C. Hines Princess series of book include Danielle Whiteshore (Cinderella) after her marriage to the prince.

Short stories

''Catch the Moon'' by Judith Ortiz Cofer

''Rosie's Dance'' by Emma Hardesty

Comic books

Cinderella appears as a character in Bill Willingham's Vertigo series, ''Fables''. Cinderella (or "Cindy", as her fellow Fables call her) is the third and final of Prince Charming's ex-wives and is Fabletown's resident super spy. Her cover is the ownership of her own shoe store, the Glass Slipper, and she maintains a bitter persona in order to throw off the suspicions of the rest of her community. She also appeared in her own spin-off comic, ''Cinderella: From Fabletown with Love''.

''Cinderalla'' by Junko Mizuno

''Ludwig Revolution'' by Kaori Yuki. In this version, Cinderella's feet are too large and the series' protagonist lends her his shoe for the evening, acting as her Fairy Godmother. Also, the Prince doesn't hold the ball to find his wife, but to find the woman with large feet who killed his pet lizard, Isolde.

Songs

Some popular songs that make reference to the story of Cinderella include:

''Half Past Midnight'' a single by Canadian rock group The Staccatos, that released 1967.

''Cinderella Stay Awhile'' a song by Michael Jackson from his 1975 album ''Forever, Michael''.

''Cinderella'' by Vince Gill, released 1987.

''Hey Cinderella'' (1993) by Suzy Bogguss.

''Cinderella Blue'' (1994) by Robert Lucas of the band Canned Heat. ''Cinderella Undercover'' (1998) by Oingo Boingo.

''Snoopfella'' a song by Snoop Dogg from his album ''No Limit Top Dogg'' (1999).

''Cinderella'' a song by Britney Spears from her 2001 album ''Britney''.

''Cinderella'', a 2001 single by Sweetbox.

''Cinderella'' by Shakaya, released 2002.

''Cinderella'' a 2003 single by The Cheetah Girls.

''The Glass Slipper'' by The Dresden Dolls from debut live album ''A Is for Accident'', that first released in 2003 and leaked on the internet in 2009.

''Cinderella'' by Tata Young from her 2004 album ''I Believe''.

''Cinderella'' song by Steven Curtis Chapman from ''This Moment'' (2007).

''A Cinderella Story'' by Mudvayne's fourth album ''The New Game'' (2008).

''A Dustland Fairytale'' a single by The Killers from their third album ''Day & Age'' (2008).

''Fairytale'' by Sara Bareilles from her album live album ''Between the Lines: Sara Bareilles Live at the Fillmore'' (2008).

''It's Midnight Cinderella'' by Garth Brooks

''Cinderella Man'' by Eminem from his album ''Recovery'' (2010)

''Romeo and Cinderella'' from ''Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA'', released in 2010.

''Cinderella's Curls'' by Waxing Gibbous.

''Mayonaka no Door'' by Liu Yifei (first ending of ''Demashita! Powerpuff Girls Z'')

''Not Your Cinderella'' by Catherine Britt

''One Headlight'' by The Wallflowers

''Stealing Cinderella by Chuck Wicks

''Dark Fantasy'' by Kanye West featuring Nicki Minaj from Kanye's fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (2010)

''There is Music in You'' by Rodgers & Hammerstein

''Umbrella'' (Remix), originally by Rihanna & Jay-Z but remixed by Chris Brown and retitled "Cinderella"

''C\C (Cinderella\Complex)'' by High-King

''Cinderella 신데렐라'' by Korean pop singer Seo In-Young

''Cendrillon'' (The French name for Cinderella) by French rock group Téléphone

''Rindercella'' by Archie Campbell

''Cinderella'' by Sajjad Ali

''21Ji Made no Cinderella'' by Berryz Koubou

''Hadashi no Cinderella Boy'' by NEWS

''Shi no Butou~Romance of the Cendrillon'' by Malice Mizer

''Cinderfella Dana Dane'' by Dana Dane

''Cinderela'' by the late Portuguese singer Carlos Paião

''Barefoot Cinderella by Hannah Montana

''Cinderella'' by Damien Burner Blazé Jackson

Cinderella jumprope song

There is a jumprope song for children that involves Cinderella:

Cinderella dressed in yellow, went upstairs to kiss her fellow, by mistake she kissed a snake, how many doctors will it take? 1, 2, 3,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8, 9, 10 etc. (Go to 20 then go down to the next line) Cinderella dressed in blue, went upstairs to tie her shoe, made a mistake and tied a knot, how many knots will she make? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in green, went downtown to buy a ring, made a mistake and bought a fake, how many days before it breaks? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in lace, went upstairs to fix her face, oh no oh no, she found a blemish, how many powder puffs till she's finished? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in silk, went outside to get some milk, made a mistake and fell in the lake, how many more till she gets a break? 1, 2, 3, etc.

The counting continues as long as the jumper avoids missing a jump. If they do then the counting starts again.

Variations:

Cinderella dressed in yellow, went downtown to meet her fellow (or "to buy some mustard"). On the way, her girdle busted. All the people were disgusted. (Heard in Jackson Heights, Queens, late 1950s)

Cinderella dressed in yellow, went upstairs to kiss her fellow. how many kisses did she give him? (Heard in Northern Ireland)

Cinderella dressed in yell'a, went downstairs to kiss a fell'a. Made a mistake and kissed a snake, how many stitches (or "doctors") did it take?"

Cinderella dressed in yell'a, went downtown to kiss her fell'a. How many kisses did he get? 1,2,3 etc.

(Heard in Leesburg, Florida, Early 2009)

Cinderella dressed in yell'a, tell me the name of your sweet fella a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z (The jumper runs out when the first letter of their crush or boyfriend/girlfriend's name is called and shouts their name at the same time)

Video games

In 2005, Disney released ''Disney's Cinderella: Magical Dreams'' for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance. Cinderella was also featured in Disney's / Square's video game Kingdom Hearts where she is one of the seven princesses of heart which are needed to open the door to darkness. She, along with her entire world, will also be in Kingdom Hearts: Birth by Sleep.

In other languages

{|class="wikitable sortable" !Language!!Name!!Romanisation |- |Arabic || ''رودوبس'' || ''Roodoopis'' |- |Bulgarian || Пепеляшка || ''Pepelyashka'' |- |Catalan |colspan=2| Ventafocs |- |Chinese || 灰姑娘 || ''Huīgūniang'' |- |Croatian |colspan=2| Pepeljuga |- |Czech |colspan=2| Popelka |- |Danish |colspan=2| Askepot |- |Dutch |colspan=2| Assepoester |- |English |colspan=2| Cinderella |- |Estonian |colspan=2| Tuhkatriinu |- |Filipino |colspan=2| Sinderela |- |Finnish |colspan=2| Tuhkimo |- |French |colspan=2| Cendrillon |- |German |colspan=2| Aschenputtel |- |Greek || Σταχτοπούτα || ''Stachtopoúta'' |- |Hebrew || לכלוכית\ "סינדרלה" || ''Cinderela'' \'''Lichlochit" |- |Hindi || सिंडिरेल्ला || ''Sindirēllā'' |- |Hungarian |colspan=2| Hamupipőke |- |Indonesian |colspan=2| Cinderella |- |Irish |colspan=2| Cinderella |- |Icelandic |colspan=2| Öskubuska |- |Italian |colspan=2| Cenerentola |- |Japanese || シンデレラ || ''Shinderera'' |- |Korean || 신데렐라 || ''Sindelella'' |- |Latvian |colspan=2| Pelnrušķīte |- |Lithuanian |colspan=2| Pelenė |- |Macedonian || Пепелашка || ''Pepelashka'' |- |Norwegian |colspan=2| Askepott |- |Persian || سیندرلا || ''Sinderela'' |- |Polish |colspan=2| Kopciuszek |- |Portuguese |colspan=2| Cinderela |- |Romanian |colspan=2| Cenuşăreasă |- |Russian || Золушка || ''Zolushka'' |- |Serbian || Пепeљуга || ''Pepeljuga'' |- |Slovak |colspan=2| Popoluška |- |Slovenian |colspan=2| Pepelka |- |Swedish |colspan=2| Askungen |- |Spanish |colspan=2| Cenicienta |- |Thai || ซินเดอเรลล่า || ''Cinderella'' |- |Turkish |colspan=2| Külkedisi |- |Vietnamese |colspan=2| Công Chúa Lọ Lem |- |Ukrainian || Попелюшка || ''Popelushka'' |}

See also

Cinderella effect

Cinderella complex

Footnotes

External links

Cenerentola in Pentamerone by Giambattista Basile (English translation)

Photos and illustrations from early ''Cinderella'' stage versions, including one with Ellaline Terriss and one with Phyllis Dare

Category:Fairy tales Category:Brothers Grimm Category:Works by Charles Perrault Category:Fictional princesses Category:Fictional orphans Category:Characters in fairy tales Category:European fairy tales

ar:سندريلا zh-min-nan:O͘-cha-bó͘ br:Luduennig bg:Пепеляшка ca:La Ventafocs cs:Popelka da:Askepot de:Aschenputtel et:Tuhkatriinu el:Σταχτοπούτα es:Cenicienta eu:Errauskine fa:سیندرلا fr:Cendrillon gu:સિન્ડ્રેલા ko:신데렐라 hr:Pepeljuga id:Cinderella it:Cenerentola he:סינדרלה la:Cinerella lt:Pelenė hu:Hamupipőke mk:Пепелашка ms:Cinderella my:စင်ဒရဲလား nl:Assepoester ja:シンデレラ no:Askepott pl:Kopciuszek (baśń) pt:Cinderela ro:Cenușăreasa ru:Золушка simple:Cinderella sl:Pepelka sr:Pepeljuga sh:Pepeljuga fi:Tuhkimo sv:Askungen kab:Cendrillon th:ซินเดอเรลล่า tr:Külkedisi uk:Попелюшка zh:灰姑娘

Coordinates	55°45′06″N37°37′04″N
name	Steven Curtis Chapman
background	solo_singer
birth name	Steven Curtis Chapman
birth date	November 21, 1962
origin	Paducah, Kentucky, U.S.
instrument	vocals, guitar, piano, drums, mandolin, dobro
genre	CCM, Christian rock, pop
occupation	Musician, songwriter, record producer, actor, author, activist
years active	1987–present
label	EMI, Sparrow, Epic, PolyEast, Sony BMG
website	}}

Steven Curtis Chapman (born November 21, 1962) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, actor, author, and social activist.

After starting his career in the late 1980s as a singer/songwriter of contemporary Christian music, Chapman has since been recognized as one of the most prolific singers in the genre, releasing more than 20 albums to this date. Chapman has also won five Grammy awards and 56 Gospel Music Association Dove Awards, more than any other artist in history. His seven "Artist of the Year" Dove Awards, his latest in 2009, are also an industry record. As of 2007, Chapman has sold more than 10 million albums and has 8 RIAA-certified Gold or Platinum albums.

Chapman is also a vocal advocate for adoption, along with his wife Mary Beth. Together, they have started a charity organization called Show Hope (formerly called Shaohannah's Hope), that mobilizes individuals and communities to care for orphans through its international orphan care work as well as adoption aid grants to help put more orphans from overseas and the U.S. in loving, forever families. In 2009, Show Hope finished building Maria's Big House of Hope, a medical care center in China that provides holistic care to orphans with special needs. He is also a contributor to Compassionart, a charity founded by Martin Smith of British rock band Delirious?.

Chapman was recognized in the Fall 2010 issue of'' Wood & Steel'' discussing the new Taylor 714 Signature Series guitar in honor of his youngest daughter Maria Sue. The guitar features the flower from Maria's picture and the word "SEE" on the 12th fret in Maria's handwriting. In 2003, Chapman starred in the Christian film ''Christmas Child''.

Early life

Steven Curtis Chapman was born to Judy and Herb Chapman in Paducah, Kentucky on November 21, 1962. Chapman's father is a guitar teacher in Paducah, and young Steven and Herb Jr. grew up playing the guitar and singing.

Upon finishing high school, Chapman enrolled as a pre-med student at Georgetown College in Kentucky. After a couple of semesters he transferred to Anderson College in Indiana. However, he soon dropped out and went to Nashville to pursue a career in music. While in Nashville he briefly attended Belmont University. He began working a music show at Opryland USA while dedicating time to songwriting.

In the 1980s, Chapman wrote a song called "Built to Last," which was recorded by prominent gospel group The Imperials. The strength of the song prompted him to be signed to a songwriting deal with Sparrow Records, where he rose to prominence. As of 2007, artists like Sandi Patty, Billy Dean, Glen Campbell, the Cathedral Quartet and Roger Whittaker have recorded Chapman's songs.

First albums

In 1987, Chapman released his first album, ''First Hand.'' The album included the song "Weak Days," which peaked at #2 on the Contemporary Christian Music chart. In 1988, he followed with his second album, ''Real Life Conversations,'' which earned him four more hits, including the #1 song "His Eyes." The song, which was co-written by James Isaac Elliott, earned the Contemporary Recorded Song of the Year award from the Gospel Music Association in 1989. That year, he also won a GMA Award for Best Songwriter of the Year.

After that, Chapman followed with more albums like ''More to This Life'' and ''For the Sake of the Call.'' All of these albums featured several #1 singles, and were awarded several GMA Awards. The latter also gave Chapman his first Grammy in the Best Pop Gospel Album category. These achievements strengthened his position in the Christian music scene.

Going mainstream

In 1992, Chapman made a successful shift into a more mainstream audience with his album ''The Great Adventure.'' The album garnered Chapman with two more Grammys, for the album and for the title track video. After Sparrow Records was purchased by EMI/Liberty, they began to market the album to a broader audience, pushing it to gold status in 1993. The success of the album prompted Chapman to record one of his concerts and release it as ''The Live Adventure,'' both as a video and a CD. This continuation won Chapman more GMA Awards, and also a new award from ''American Songwriter'' magazine for Songwriter and Artist of the Year.

Chapman continued to enjoy success with albums like ''Heaven in the Real World,'' ''Signs of Life,'' and ''Speechless.'' In 2001, with the release of ''Declaration,'' Chapman got more attention in the Top 200. That album, along with 2003's ''All About Love,'' peaked in the Top 15. The follow-up, ''All Things New,'' made it to #22.

Chapman has also released three Christmas albums, beginning with 1995's ''The Music of Christmas.'' In 2005, he released ''All I Really Want for Christmas,'' and this was followed by a re-release of ''The Music of Christmas'' in 2004, distributed only at Hallmark Cards stores.

In the Christian video game ''Dance Praise,'' four songs from Steven Curtis Chapman are included: "All About Love," "Dive," "Live Out Loud," and "Only Getting Started." The ''Dance Praise'' expansion pack, ''Dance Praise Expansion Pack Volume 1: Modern Worship,'' adds the following songs to the game: "Children of the Burning Heart," "Let us Pray," "See the Glory," "Fingerprints of God," and "I Do Believe."

Chapman also hosts the Gospel Music Channel show, "The Best of the Dove Awards."

Recent years

In 2006, Chapman went on tour to several Asian countries. His website claims his concert for U.S. troops serving in South Korea was the first Christian concert ever performed for the troops in that country, and a concert in Shanghai, China was "the first public performance by a Gospel recording artist event in the city open to China passport holders," and the third-largest concert in Shanghai that spring. The tour also took the artist to Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Hong Kong, and Singapore. During the same period, his song "The Blessing" reached number one on Thailand radio charts. His number one hits are "Dive", "Live Outloud", "Cinderella", and "Do Everything".

In 2007, Chapman co-headlined Newsong's annual ''Winter Jam'' tour with Jeremy Camp. For the tour, he brought his sons' band, The Following, out on tour to play as his backing band, along with longtime keyboardist Scott Sheriff. Chapman also released ''This Moment,'' which included the hit singles "Cinderella" and "Yours," in October 2007. He was chosen for WOW Hits 2009 for Cinderella. He continues to tour with his sons, Caleb and Will.

On April 20, 2008, Chapman was awarded a star on Nashville's Walk of Fame for his contributions in Christian music.

On November 3, 2009, Chapman released his seventeenth album ''Beauty Will Rise''. Many of the songs from this album are inspired by the death of his daughter, Maria Sue. He claims that the songs on the album are his "personal psalms." Steven, Mary Beth, Caleb, and Will got a tattoo of the flower that Maria drew before her untimely death. "Beauty Will Rise", "Choosing to SEE: A Journey of Struggle and Hope", Steven's new song "Meant to Be", and "re:creation" are dedicated to Maria's memory.

Chapman's newest album, ''re:creation'', contains six new songs as well as new versions of some of his most memorable songs of the past. He feels that this album is an opportunity to let everyone know he and his family believe God is recreating many wonderful things in their lives after the death of Maria Sue.

Personal life

Chapman is a devout Christian, and as of 2010, he has been married to Mary Beth Chapman (they had the same last name prior to their marriage) for more than 25 years. The couple met in the early '80s at Anderson University in Anderson, Indiana and married in the fall of 1984. They currently live in Franklin, Tennessee, and have three biological children. Emily Elizabeth Chapman, Caleb Stevenson Chapman, and Will Franklin Chapman. After going on a Mission Trip to Haiti with Mary Beth in 1997, Emily asked her parents about adopting a little girl from the other side of the world, but they said "No". After much persistance from Emily Elizabeth and doing some research, Steven and Mary Beth changed their minds and they adopted three young girls from China. Shaohannah "Shaoey" Hope Yan, Stevey Joy Ru, and Maria Sue Chunxi. Mary Beth's older brother Jim Chapman, recorded in the country music group 4 Runner in the mid-1990s.

Together, Chapman and his wife have written three children's books with adoption themes: ''Shaoey And Dot: Bug Meets Bundle'' (2004), ''Shaoey and Dot: The Christmas Miracle'' (2005), and ''Shaoey and Dot: A Thunder and Lightning Bug Story'' with illustrations by Jim Chapman (2006). Chapman's modern fairytale, ''Cinderella: The Love of a Daddy and His Princess'' (2008) chronicles and celebrates the blessings of childhood, family, love, and life. Together with minister Scotty Smith, Chapman has authored two books for the adult inspirational market: ''Speechless'' (1999), and ''Restoring Broken Things'' (2005). Chapman's song "All About Love" has been featured in commercials for the Fox television show Celebrity Duets.

Chapman and his sons recorded under the name of "Stevenson" after his oldest son Caleb Stevenson for the 2003 ''Veggie Rocks'' CD. (Song: "I Love My Lips," VeggieTales). Steven recorded a new song for the brand new Veggie Tales Movie "It's A Meaningful Life" called "Meant to Be". Steven Curtis Chapman is best friends with Geoff Moore. The Chapmans are members of Christ Community Church. The Chapmans own two dogs, Duke and Winston.

Death of Maria Sue Chunxi Chapman

Maria Sue Chunxi Chapman died from her injuries and blood loss in a driveway accident on May 21, 2008. The accident happened eight days after Maria's 5th birthday. Will Franklin was pulling into the driveway of their house after he auditioned for a musical at School and Maria Sue was running to meet him so that she could ask Will to put her on the Jungle gym. They didn't see each other in time and Will accidentally ran over Maria. Maria was air lifted to Vanderbilt Children's Hospital. The paramedics tried to save her on the way to the Hospital, but they couldn't. Maria was pronounced dead on arrival. The entire family was preparing to celebrate Caleb's high school graduation from Christ Presbyterian Academy and Emily's engagement to Tanner Richards just hours before the accident. Twenty-four hours before Maria died she got in trouble for misbehaving. On the morning of the accident Steven had a talk with her. Weeks before Maria's tragic death she and Stevey Joy graduated from Harpeth Hills Preschool. During the memorial service for Maria, in which Pastor Scotty Smith preached, the family expressed their faith in God and their love for one another.

After Maria's accident, the Chapman family spoke publicly about their loss and the role that faith played in it all. They have appeared on Good Morning America, Larry King Live, in People magazine, The 700 Club, and Huckabee. Maria was buried in her flower girl dress as she, along with Stevey, was going to be a Flower girl in Emily's wedding that October. Maria's favorite color was blue. The family put Maria's ballet shoes, her favorite doll, letters from her brothers and sisters, and other things that meant a lot to Maria Sue in her coffin. Will kept Maria's security blanket so that he would have something to remember her by. Maria Sue is buried in Williamson Memorial Gardens in Franklin, Tennessee. Steven Curtis Chapman's subsequent album, ''Beauty Will Rise'' focuses on this event and its aftermath. Steven almost quit his singing career due to Maria's death and he nearly chose to never sing "Cinderella" again, but then he realize that Maria would have wanted him to continue singing and to honor her memory by singing "Cinderella". There was an investigation of Maria's death done by a spokesperson from The Tennessee Highway Patrol. It was ruled as a tragic accident, no chargers were filed, and The Tennessee Highway Patrol let Will off with a warning. In November 2009, a year after Maria Sue died, Chapman performed at a special concert at Harvest Christian Fellowship. Greg Laurie, the pastor of Harvest, suffered the loss of his own son, Christopher Laurie, just months after Chapman's loss. Steven performed several songs from ''Beauty Will Rise'', and took part in a live discussion between himself and Pastor Laurie. The two talked about dealing with grief and their mutual belief and hope in Heaven.

Honorary Doctorate

On May 7, 2011 Chapman received an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Anderson University and was the commencement speaker for the Class of 2011.

Activism and social causes

In 2009, Show Hope finished building Maria's Big House of Hope, a medical care center in China that provides holistic care to orphans with special needs. Maria's Big House of Hope is also dedicated to the memory of the late Maria Sue Chunxi Chapman. Both were awarded the Congressional Angels in Adoption award by the Congressional Coalition on Adoption Institute (CCAI) in Washington, D.C. in September 2001.

In 2009, Steven and Mary Beth received the Children's Champion Award from the charitable organization Children's Hunger Fund for their work with Show Hope.

In the late 1990s, Chapman became involved in youth violence prevention efforts following the 1997 Heath High School shooting at his alma mater in West Paducah, Kentucky. Chapman even dedicated a song, "With Hope," from his 1999 album, ''Speechless,'' to the families who lost someone in the shooting. In addition, he was asked to sing at the funeral of one of the victims. Chapman later gave a memorial concert, and joined Charles Colson and others in creating a video designed to sensitize teenagers to the signs of serious violence planning among peers, and to encourage them to report plans that are told to them. Chapman also has promoted the international charity World Vision for at least a decade, serving as spokesman for Project Restore, its program serving the U.S. Gulf Coast region in recovery from Hurricane Katrina, in cooperation with the Gospel Music Association.

He has also traveled to Uganda on a few occasions to help with the problem of street children, and to help orphans and adoption organizations. He has played at local churches, including KPC (Kampala Pentecostal Church) in Kampala. Since Maria's unexpected death Mary Beth Chapman has written and released a book about losing her youngest daughter called "Choosing to SEE: A Journey of Struggle and Hope, Caleb married his girlfriend Julia, Caleb and Will have started a Christian Band called "Caleb", Shaoey joined her school's basketball team and learned how to play the trumpet for music class at school, and Stevey is doing gymnastics and made her acting and singing debute in the 2010 "Veggie Tales" Movie It's a Meaningful Life. Shaoey and Stevey are taking voice lessons and they even started a band with Maria before she died.

Discography

Chapman has released 16 studio albums, more than 20 albums total in his career, including two Christmas albums, several collections of greatest hits, and a live album. He has sold more than ten million total albums (including two certified Platinum albums, seven certified Gold albums), and has had 46 #1 Christian radio hits.

Studio albums

Estimated sales figures are included in the list.

''First Hand'' (1987) – 150,000

''Real Life Conversations'' (1988) – 225,000

''More to This Life.'' (1989) – 525,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''For the Sake of the call'' (1990) – 650,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''The Great Adventure'' (1992) – 700,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''The Live Adventure'' (1993) – 100,000

''Heaven in the Real World'' (1994) – 1,075,000 RIAA Platinum Certified

''The Music of Christmas'' (1995) – 600,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''Signs of Life'' (1996) – 750,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''Greatest Hits'' (1997) – 550,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''Speechless'' (1999) – 1,150,000 RIAA Platinum Certified

''Declaration'' (2001) – 900,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''All About Love'' (2003) – 525,000 RIAA Gold Certified

''All Things New'' (2004) – 300,000

''The Music of Christmas'' (Hallmark Exclusive) (2004) – 400,000

''The Abbey Road Sessions'' (2005) – 50,000,

''All I Really Want for Christmas'' (2005) – 350,000

''This Moment'' (2007)

''This Moment - Special Edition'' (2007)

''This Moment - Cinderella Edition'' (2008) – 323,000 for all 3 releases of This Moment

'' Cinderella Digital Single Sales - 175,000

''Beauty Will Rise'' (2009) running total = 150,000 as of 25/12/09

''re:creation'' (2011) 15,000 in the first two weeks

Awards

References

External links

Steven Curtis Chapman

Steven Curtis Chapman at IMDB

Show Hope

Mary Beth Chapman

Caleb

Maria Sue Chunxi Chapman at Find A Grave

Tragic Accident Tests Faith

Category:American film actors Category:American Christians Category:American Protestants Category:American male singers Category:American guitarists Category:American singer-songwriters Category:American pop singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:People from Paducah, Kentucky Category:1962 births Category:Living people Category:Musicians from Kentucky Category:Anderson University (Indiana) alumni Category:American performers of Christian music

de:Steven Curtis Chapman es:Steven Curtis Chapman fr:Steven Curtis Chapman nl:Steven Curtis Chapman pt:Steven Curtis Chapman

Charlotte "Lotte" Reiniger (June 2, 1899 – June 19, 1981) was a German silhouette animator and film director.

Biography

Early life

Lotte Reiniger was born in Berlin-Charlottenburg, German Empire, on June 2, 1899. As a child, she was fascinated with the Chinese art of silhouette puppetry, even building her own puppet theater so she could put on shows for her family and friends.

As a teenager, Reiniger fell in love with cinema, first with the films of Georges Méliès for their special effects, then the films of actor and director Paul Wegener, known today for ''The Golem'' (1920). In 1915, the young woman attended a lecture by Wegener that focused on the fantastic possibilities of animation.

After a bit of persuasion, she convinced her parents to enroll her in the acting group Wegener belonged to, the Theater of Max Reinhardt. In an attempt to attract the attention of her distant and very-busy hero, she started making silhouette portraits of the various actors around her. This had its desired effect, and soon she was making elaborate title cards for Wegener's films, many of which featured silhouettes.

Adulthood and success

In 1918, Reiniger animated wooden rats and created the animated intertitles for Wegener's ''Der Rattenfänger von Hameln'' (''The Pied Piper of Hamelin''). The success of this work got her admitted into the Institut für Kulturforschung (Institute for Cultural Research), an experimental animation studio. It was here that she met her future creative partner and husband (from 1921), Carl Koch, as well as other avant-garde artists such as Hans Curlis, Berthold Brecht, Berthold Bartosch, and others.

The first film Reiniger directed was ''Das Ornament des verliebten Herzens'' (''The Ornament of the Enamoured Heart'', 1919), a short piece involving two lovers and an ornament that reflected their moods. The film was very well received. She made six short films during the following few years, all produced and photographed by her husband. These were interspersed with advertising films (the Julius Pinschewer advertising agency invented ad films and sponsored a large number of abstract animators during the Weimar period) and special effects for various feature films – most famously a silhouette falcon for a dream sequence in Part One of Fritz Lang's ''Die Nibelungen''). During this period she became the center of a large group of ambitious German animators, such as Bartosch, Hans Richter, Walter Ruttmann, and Oskar Fischinger.

In 1923, a unique opportunity came her way. She was approaced by Louis Hagen, who had bought a large quantity of raw film stock as an investment to fight the spiraling inflation of the period, who asked her to do a feature length animated film. The result was ''The Adventures of Prince Achmed'', completed in 1926, the oldest ''surviving'' animated feature film, with a plot that is a pastiche of stories from ''One Thousand and One Nights''. Although it failed to a find a distributor for almost a year, once premiered at the Cannes Film Festival (thanks to the support of Jean Renoir), it then became a critical and popular success. Reiniger anticipated Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks by a decade by devising the first multi-plane camera for certain effects. In addition to Reiniger's silhouette actors, ''Prince Achmed'' boasted dream-like backgrounds by Walter Ruttmann (her partner in the ''Die Nibelungen'' sequence) and a symphonic score by Wolfgang Zeller. Additional effects were added by Carl Koch and Berthold Bartosch.

The success of ''Prince Achmed'' meant that Lotte Reiniger would not need a stroke of luck to make a second feature. ''Doktor Dolittle und seine Tiere'' (''Doctor Dolittle and His Animals'', 1928) was based on the first of the English children's books by Hugh Lofting. The score this time was composed by Kurt Weill, Paul Hindemith and Paul Dessau. A year later, Reiniger co-directed her first live-action film with Rochus Gliese, ''Die Jagd nach dem Glück'' (The Pursuit of Happiness, 1929), a tale about a shadow-puppet troupe. The film starred Jean Renoir and Bertold Bartosch and included a 20-minute silhouette performance by Reiniger. Unfortunately, the film was completed just as sound came to Germany, and release of the film was delayed until 1930 to dub in voices by different actors – the result being so unsuccessful as to ruin any enjoyment of the film. Reiniger also attempted to make a third animated feature, based on Maurice Ravel's opera ''L'enfant et les sortilèges'' (''The Child and the Bewitched Things'', 1925), but found herself unable to clear the rights for the music with an unexpected number of copyright holders. She worked with British poet, critic, and musician Eric Walter White on several films, and he wrote the early book-length essay on her work – ''Walking Shadows: An Essay on Lotte Reiniger's Silhouette Films'', (London: Leonard and Virginia Woolf, 1931).

Flight from Germany and later life

With the rise of the Nazi Party, Reiniger and Koch decided to emigrate (both were involved in left-wing politics), but found that no other country would give them permanent visas. As a result, the couple spent the years 1933–1939 moving from country to country, staying as long as travel visas would allow. When they couldn't get a travel visa, they were forced to stay in Germany. Somehow, they still managed to make 12 films during this period, the best-known being ''Carmen'' (1933) and ''Papageno'' (1935), both based on popular operas (Bizet's ''Carmen'' and Mozart's ''Die Zauberflöte''). When World War II commenced, they were forced to stay in Berlin.

In 1949, Reiniger and Koch were finally able to move to London. She made a few short advertising films for the General Post Office. Whilst Reiniger was living in London in the early 1950s she befriended "Freddie" Bloom who was the first director of the National Deaf Children's Society. She asked her to design a logo for the new charity. Reiniger responded by cutting out 4 children running up a hill. Freddie was amazed at her skill with a scissors. In a few moments she created about four different silhouettes of the children from black paper. The logo was used until the 1990s when a design company was invited to revamp the design. The result was a very minor modification but the new design was also dropped a few years later.

In 1955, Louis Hagen, Jr. of Primrose Productions obtained a commission from Telecasting America for Lotte Reiniger to create a series of short animation films based on some Grimm's Fairy Tales. Reiniger also provided illustrations for the 1953 book ''King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table'' by Roger Lancelyn Green.

Reiniger was awarded the ''Filmband in Gold'' of the Deutscher Filmpreis in 1972; in 1979 she received the Great Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. Reiniger died in Dettenhausen, Germany, on June 19, 1981, at the age of 82.

Influence

Although all subsequent makers of animated fairy tales could be said to have been influenced by Reiniger, Bruno J. Böttge is probably the one who has made the most explicit references to her work.

Michel Ocelot employs many of the techniques devolved by Reiniger, along with others of his own invention, in his silhouette film ''Princes et princesses''.

The silhouette books of illustrator Jan Pieńkowski are reminiscent of Reiniger and Hans Christian Andersen in their coloured backgrounds and complex arrangements.

Be-PaPas' TV series ''Revolutionary Girl Utena'' frequently references silhouette paintings, shadow puppets, flying horses and the European fairy tale tradition – all icons of Reiniger's films – but there is no known official confirmation of her influence.

The ending credits of the film ''300'' (2007) depict a battle in silhouette, and the source-material graphic novel by Frank Miller features extensive use of stylised silhouettes.

Experimental animation artist, filmmaker and activist Helen Hill drew inspiration from the cut-out silhouettes of Lotte Reiniger and went on to incorporate stop motion, puppetry, cycles, and drawing on film in her own award-winning animation.

Further influences can be seen in many music videos, including "Annie, Let's Not Wait" – Guillemots (Dir: Corin Hardy), "Bench Sleeping" – My Little Problem & "Ladybug" – The Presidents Of The United States of America' (both Dir: Moog).

Film director Henry Selick was influenced by Reiniger's ''The Adventures of Prince Achmed''.

Filmography (as director)

''The Rose and the Ring'' (1979 short)

''Aucassin and Nicolette'' (1975 short)

''The Frog Prince'' (1961 short)

''Hansel and Gretel'' (1955 short)

''Jack and the Beanstalk'' (1955 short)

''Aladdin and the Magic Lamp'' (1954 short)

''Caliph Storch'' (1954 short)

''Cinderella'' (1954 short)

''Puss in Boots'' (1954 short)

''Snow White and Rose Red'' (1954 short)

''The Frog Prince'' (1954 short)

''The Gallant Little Tailor'' (1954 short)

''The Grasshopper and the Ant'' (1954 short)

''The Little Chimney Sweep'' (1954 short)

''The Sleeping Beauty'' (1954 short)

''The Three Wishes'' (1954 short)

''Thumbelina'' (1954 short)

''The Magic Horse'' (1953 short)

''Mary's Birthday'' (1951)

''The Goose That Lays the Golden Eggs'' (1944 short)

''The HPO - Heavenly Post Office'' (1938 short)

''Daughter'' (1937)

''The Tocher'' (1937 short)

''Silhouetten'' (1936 animation scenes)

''Puss in Boots'' (1936)

''Der kleine Schornsteinfeger'' (1935 short)

''Galathea: Das lebende Marmorbild'' (1935 short)

''Kalif Storch'' (1935)

''Papageno'' (1935 short)

''Das gestohlene Herz'' (1934 short)

''Carmen'' (1933 short)

''Sissi'' (1932)

''Harlekin'' (1931 short)

''Zehn Minuten Mozart'' (1930 short)

''Der scheintote Chinese'' (1928 short)

''Dr. Dolittle and His Animals'' (1928 short)

''The Chinese Nightingale'' (1927)

''The Adventures of Prince Achmed'' (1926)

''Aschenputtel'' (1922 short)

''Das Geheimnis der Marquisin'' (1922 short)

''The Flying Koffer'' (1922 short)

''Sleeping Beauty'' (1922)

''The Star of Bethlehem'' (1921)

''The Ornament of the Lovestruck Heart'' (1919)

References

Donald Crafton; ''Before Mickey: The Animated Film, 1898–1928''; University of Chicago Press; ISBN 0-226-11667-0 (2nd edition, paperback, 1993)

Giannalberto Bendazzi (Anna Taraboletti-Segre, translator); ''Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation''; Indiana University Press; ISBN 0-253-20937-4 (reprint, paperback, 2001)

Leslie, Esther. ''Hollywood Flatlands: Animation, Critical Theory, and the Avant-Garde.'' London: Verso, 2002. Print.

Reiniger, Lotte. ''Shadow Theatres and Shadow Films.'' London: B.T. Batsford Ltd., 1970. Print.

External links

"Born to Be Wild", a biographical excerpt from ''Women and Animation, a Compendium'' (edited by Jayne Pilling) focusing on Reiniger's childhood; part of the British Film Institute's "Drawn to be Wild" website

"Lotte Reiniger's Silhouettes" by Abhijit Ghosh Dasitidar

Category:1899 births Category:1981 deaths Category:People from Berlin Category:German animators Category:German film directors Category:Stop motion animators Category:Female film directors Category:Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

de:Lotte Reiniger es:Lotte Reiniger fr:Lotte Reiniger it:Lotte Reiniger he:לוטה רייניגר sv:Lotte Reiniger

Coordinates	55°45′06″N37°37′04″N
name	JJ Lin
tradchinesename	林俊傑
simpchinesename	林俊杰
pinyinchinesename	Lín Jùnjié
origin	Singapore
birth date	March 27, 1981
birth place	Singapore
othername	Wayne Lin
occupation	Singer-songwriter, composer, and actor
genre	Mandopop, R&B;
instrument	Piano, drums, guitar
label	Ocean Butterflies (2003–present)
yearsactive	2003–present
associatedact	he went to Bengkalis, Indonesia for a charity concert in 2007 at Cik Puan Building.
website	JJ Lin official homepage
goldenmelodyawards	Best New Artist2004 ''Music Voyager''
awards	}}

JJ Lin () is a Singaporean Mandopop Singer-songwriter, Composer and Actor based in Taiwan. JJ Lin is managed by Ocean Butterflies. Lin won ''Best New Artist'' for his work on his debut album ''Music Voyager'' at the 15th Golden Melody Awards in 2004.

Biography

Lin was born in Singapore and graduated from Anglo-Chinese School and Saint Andrew's Junior College before joining the Singapore Armed Forces.

He is of overseas Chinese descent. In addition to English, Mandarin and Hokkien, he is also able to speak Cantonese and has released several cover versions of his songs in Cantonese. He came to musical prominence and success in the Greater China region. In Taiwan, he was awarded the "Best New Artist" award in the Taiwan Golden Melody Awards.

Signed to Ocean Butterflies, he has written songs for various artists, notably "Remember" (記得 Jì Dé) for Taiwanese singer A-Mei, fellow label mate A-Do's "Let Go" (放手 Fàng Shǒu), Harlem Yu's "What's Wrong With You?" (幹嘛你看不爽我 Gàn Má Nǐ Kàn Bù Shuǎng Wǒ), Comic Boyz's "Heart of Superman" (超人心 Chāo Rén Xīn) and other songs. He writes all the melodies for all of his albums.

Back in Singapore, he was selected to perform the remixed version of "Home", the theme song of the National Day Parade in 2004. Lin's songs, "The Mummy" (木乃伊 Mù Nǎi Yī) was used in the MediaCorp TV Channel 8 drama, ''Zero To Hero'' 阴差阳错. Lin appeared as a guest star in the final showdown for Channel U's Project SuperStar and as a guest star in S-POP Hurray!.

After winning the Gold award in the Best New Act category in the 2004 Singapore Hit Awards, he went on to sweep the 2005 edition with four awards to his name, including the Best Local Male Artiste, Best Composing Artiste, Best Male Vocalist and Best Local Music Composition awards, recognizing his talents both in the composition and performance aspects of his music. His fourth album, ''Cao Cao'' (曹操 Cáo Cāo) has sold 1 million copies in less than a week and is extremely successful throughout Asia.

Lin has appeared in various different advertisements for companies such as Sprite, Lays and Cornetto Royale.

He is also the tourist ambassador for Singapore. Part of his work schedule involves him traveling around Asia making Singapore known as well as promoting his own works.

He was also involved in an anti-drugs events as an ambassador, in Taiwan 反毒大使 ''(The Anti-drug Ambassador)''. The theme song for this event is "Baby Baby", which is from his album, ''West Side'' (西界 Xī Jiè).

In July 2007, he broke a Guinness record by signing 3,052 CDs in 2 hours and 30 minutes. During the signing, he was not allowed to drink or eat. The average time for him to sign a CD was 2.7 seconds.

In May 2008, he performed at the CCTV charity event ''The Giving of Love'', dedicated to helping victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Lin also donated a large sum of money to the rescue efforts and composed a song "Love and Hope" (愛與希望 Aì Yǚ Xī Wàng) commemorating the tragedy.

In Oct 2008, his sixth album, ''Sixology'' (陸 Liù) was released. 280,000 copies of the album were sold in seven days.

His own fashion line, SMUDGE , was opened in Singapore during 2008 Christmas with an unofficial launch. The store's official launch was on 13 March 2009.

In May 2009, Lin won three awards at the 14th annual Composers and Authors Society of Singapore (Compass) Awards Presentations, a ceremony that honors performers in the music scene. It was held at the Raffles City Convention Centre, Singapore. He was honored with the Top Local Artiste of the Year award, which is given out to Singaporean artistes who generated the highest royalty earnings for the year. In that same year, Lin won the Singapore Youth Award .

In May 2010, Lin performed in America for the first time at the Asian Pacific American Heritage Month Concert Tour (APAHM).

In June 2010, Lin performed together with the American singer, Sean Kingston at the opening concert of the Marina Bay Sands to thousands of invited VIPs guests. But both were absent at the inaugural YOG Opening Ceremony.

Filmography

''Hanazakarino Kimitachihe'' (GTV, 2006) Lin acts as Ella's brother, an intelligent young man majoring in cardiology at Harvard University.

Lin does the voice-over for the dragon prince, Draco, in Singaporean animation ''Legend of the Sea''.

Lin stars in the 13-episode drama ''"So I'm Not Handsome"'' 原來我不帥. The plot is actually derived from a novel. Lin plays the role of a vain young man who is constantly praised for his looks by his parents, classmates, and pretty much everybody in his village. However, the truth about his looks is soon revealed to him when his good friends in college tell him that he is not good-looking at all. His friends featuring Fang Wei Kang (Michael Zhang) and Si Si (Nicky Lee). The ending song to each of the episodes was also Lin's well known ''Anticipating Your Love'' (期待你的愛 Qí Dài Nǐ De Ài). Lin admitted to feeling self-conscious during filming, having constantly looked in the mirror to tidy himself up only to be stopped by the director, who wanted Lin to be messy and in character.

Discography

Lin Jun Jie has released 8 studio albums, 1 compilation album and 1 World Tour DVD since his debut in 2003. He has released one album per year since his debut.

Studio album

''Second Heaven (album) ''No. 89757'' (編號89757) ''Cao Cao (JJ Lin album) ''West Side (JJ Lin album) ''Land (JJ Lin album) ''100 Days (JJ Lin album) ''She Says (JJ Lin album)

# !! width="250px"	Name !! width="150px"|Released !! width="150px"|Label
1st	''Music Voyager'' (樂行者)
2nd	Second Heaven'' (第二天堂) ||	8 June 2004	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
3rd	|	1 April 2005	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
4th	Cao Cao'' (曹操) ||	17 February 2006	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
5th	West Side'' (西界) ||	29 June 2007	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
6th	Sixology'' (JJ陸) ||	18 October 2008	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
7th	100 Days'' (100 天) ||	18 December 2009	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
8th	She Says'' (她說) ||	8 December 2010	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music

Compilation album

# !! width="250px"	Name !! width="150px"|Released !! width="150px"|Label
1st	''Waiting for Love'' (期待愛)

DVD

width="300px"	Name !! width="150px"|Released !! width="150px"|Label
''Haven Karaoke'' (第二天堂 Karaoke)	13 September 2004	Ocean Butterflies International Pte Ltd>Ocean Butterflies Music
''Just JJ World Tour DVD''(就是俊傑 世界巡迥演唱會)
''JJ Lin 2006-2007 MV Collection''(林俊傑 06-07 [雙霸] 合輯影音)
''Hundred Days Live'' (100天Love音樂實錄)	9 July 2010
''She says''	21 January 2011

Awards and nominations

{|class="wikitable" ! Years !! Awards !! Category !! Nomination !! Result !! Ref |- | rowspan=2|2004 || 15th Golden Melody Awards || Best New Artist || JJ Lin for ''Music Voyager'' || || align="center"| |- | Singapore Hit Awards || Best New Act (Gold) || || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="14"|2005 || rowspan=3|2nd Hits Song Awards第二屆勁歌王總選頒獎 || Top 10 Mandarin Song || "江南" (River South) from ''Second Heaven'' || || rowspan=3 align=center| |- | Best Singer-songwriter || JJ Lin || |- | Internet Popularity Male Artist || JJ Lin || |- | rowspan="4"|Singapore Hit Awards 2005 || Best Local Male Artiste || || || align="center"| |- | Best Composing Artiste || || || align="center"| |- | Best Male Vocalist || || || align="center"| |- | Best Local Music Composition || "一千年以後" from ''No. 89757'' || || align="center"| |- | Hito Music Awards || Top Ten Golden Songs || "江南" (River South) from ''Second Heaven'' || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="2"|12th China Music Awards (第12届中国歌曲排行榜) || Best Composing Artiste (Taiwan and Hong Kong) 港台地区最佳创作歌手 || || || align="center"| |- | Best Hit (Taiwan and Hong Kong) 港台最受欢迎歌曲 || "江南" (River South) from ''Second Heaven'' || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="4"|5th Global Chinese Music Awards || Best Album || ''No. 89757'' || || align="center"| |- | Top 25 Golden Hits of the Year || "一千年以後" from ''No. 89757'' || || align="center"| |- | Most Popular Composing Artiste || || || align="center"| |- | Regional Best Performer || || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="5"|2006 || rowspan="5"|Beijing Music Awards || Most Popular Male Artist || || || align="center"| |- | Top Twenty Golden Melody || "曹操" (Cao Cao) from ''Cao Cao'' || || align="center"| |- |Best Album || ''Cao Cao'' || || align="center"| |- |Best Producer || ''Cao Cao'' || || align="center"| |- |"True Hero" Award || || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="4"|2007 || World Music Awards || Best Male Artist || || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="2"|HITO Radio Music Awards || Top 10 Songs of the Year || "原來" (Originally) from ''Cao Cao'' || || rowspan="2" align="center"| |- | Best Overseas Artist (Singapore) || JJ Lin || |- | Hong Kong TVB8 Awards || Top 10 Gold Songs || "殺手" (The Killer) || || align="center"| |- | rowspan="3"|2009 || rowspan="3"|Compass Awards || Top Local Artiste of The Year || || || align="center"| |- | Top Local Composer || || || align="center"| |- | Top Local Soundtrack || || || align="center"| |- | 2010 || Singapore Hit Awards 2010 || Best Male Vocalist || ''100 Days'' || || align="center"| |- | 2011 || 22nd Golden Melody Awards || Best Mandarin Male Singer || JJ Lin for ''She Says'' || || align="center"| |}

World Tour

;''Just JJ World Tour'' - 2006

10 June 2006 - Shanghai, People's Republic of China

24 June 2006 - Singapore

1 July 2006 - Genting Highlands, Malaysia

16 September 2006 - Wuhan, People's Republic of China

30 September 2006 - Tianjin, People's Republic of China

29 December 2006 - Taipei, Taiwan

;''Just JJ World Tour'' - 2007/8

14 October 2007 - Shanghai, People's Republic of China

28 March 2009- Singapore

20 June 2009 - Beijing, People's Republic of China

On 24 April 2010, he held his first concert in Australia in Melbourne, Victoria at the Melbourne Convention Centre.

;'''"I AM" JJ Lin World Tour - 2010/11 # 21 August - Beijing, China # 28 August - Shanghai, China # 17 September - Cheng Du, China # 25 September - Guang Zhou, China # 15 October - Chang Sha, China # 6 November - Wu Han, China # 13 November - Nan Jing, China # 12 December - Kung Ming, China # 5 March - Singapore # 1&2 April - Taipei Arena, Taiwan # Malaysia (unconfirmed)

; ''US APAHM Tour'', USA - 2010 # 26 May - Washington DC - GW Lisner Auditorium # 27 May - San Francisco at Palace of Fine Arts # 29 May - Los Angeles Concert at Club Nokia

On 26 December 2010 he celebrated Christmas Day in US regarding to his concert in Jersey called "Atlantic City Christmas Show (US)"at 1AM

Brand of himself

SMUDGE(Still moving under gunfire)

References

External links

JFJ PRODUCTIONS

JJ Lin Jun Jie's Official Website

JJ Hundred Days

JJ Lin on Twitter

JJ Federation Overseas (JJFO)

JJ Facebook Official Page - JJ Federation

Category:1981 births Category:Singaporean male singers Category:Singaporean people of Chinese descent Category:Chinese Christians Category:Living people Category:Anglo-Chinese School alumni Category:Saint Andrew's School, Singapore alumni Category:Singaporean Mandopop singers Category:Mandopop singer-songwriters Category:Singaporean composers

es:JJ Lin fr:JJ Lin ko:임준걸 it:JJ Lin ja:林俊傑 ru:Линь Цзюньцзе simple:JJ Lin tl:JJ Lin zh:林俊杰