__NOTOC__ 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year that started on a Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The year 1995 was the 1995th year in the Anno Domini/Common Era, the 995th year of the 2nd millennium, the 95th year of the 20th century, and the 6th year of the 1990s.

Events

January

January 1

* The World Trade Organization (WTO) is established to replace the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

* Austria, Finland & Sweden act to join the European Union.

* The Draupner wave in the North Sea in Norway is detected, confirming the existence of freak waves.

January 6–January 7 – A chemical fire occurs in an apartment complex in Manila, Philippines. Policemen led by watch commander Aida Fariscal and investigators find a bomb factory and a laptop computer and disks that contain plans for Project Bojinka, a mass-terrorist attack. The mastermind, Ramzi Yousef, is arrested 1 month later.

January 9 – Valeri Polyakov completes 366 days in space while aboard the Mir space station, breaking a duration record.

January 16 – An avalanche hits the village Súðavík in Iceland, killing 14 people.

January 17 – A magnitude 6.8 earthquake called the "Great Hanshin earthquake" occurs near Kobe, Japan, causing great property damage and killing 6,434 people.

January 25 – Norwegian rocket incident: A rocket launched from the space exploration centre at Andøya, Norway is briefly interpreted by the Russians as an incoming attack.

January 30 – John Howard becomes leader of the Liberal Party of Australia to challenge Paul Keating for the 1996 Federal Election and the position of Prime Minister of Australia.

January 31 – U.S. President Bill Clinton invokes emergency powers, to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.

February

February 1 – Lyricist/guitarist Richey Edwards of the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers goes missing from a hotel in Bayswater, London on the eve of a planned tour of the United States. His car is found 2 weeks later at Severn View services in Aust.

February 9 – ''STS-63'': Dr. Bernard A. Harris, Jr. and Michael Foale became the first African American and Briton, respectively, to walk in space.

February 13 – A United Nations tribunal on human rights violations in the Balkans charges 21 Bosnian Serb commanders with genocide and crimes against humanity.

February 15

* Hacker Kevin Mitnick is arrested by the FBI and charged with penetrating some of the United States' most "secure" computer systems.

* Taiwan's deadliest fire, at a karaoke restaurant in Taichung, kills 64.

* In Dublin, a Republic of Ireland vs. England football match in Lansdowne Road is abandoned, due to violence and rioting.

February 17 – Colin Ferguson is convicted of 6 counts of murder for the December 1993 Long Island Rail Road shootings and later receives a 200+ year sentence.

February 21

* Serkadji prison mutiny in Algeria: Four guards and 96 prisoners are killed in a day and a half.

* Ibrahim Ali, a 17-year-old Comorian living in France, is murdered by 3 far-right National Front activists.

* Steve Fossett lands in Leader, Saskatchewan, Canada, becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon.

February 23 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 30.28 to close at 4,003.33 – the Dow's first ever close above 4,000.

February 25 – Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) (Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica [OTCA]).

February 26 – The United Kingdom's oldest investment banking firm, Barings Bank, collapses after securities broker Nick Leeson loses $1.4 billion by speculating on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

February 27 – In Denver, Colorado, Stapleton Airport closes and is replaced by the new Denver International Airport, the largest in the United States.

February 28 – Members of the group Patriot's Council are convicted in Minnesota of manufacturing ricin.

March

March 1

* Polish Prime Minister Waldemar Pawlak resigns from Parliament and is replaced by ex-communist Jozef Oleksy.

* In Moscow, Russian anti-corruption journalist Vladislav Listyev is killed by a gunman.

March 2 – Nick Leeson is arrested for his role in the collapse of Barings Bank.

March 3 – In Somalia, the United Nations peacekeeping mission ends.

March 6 – On an episode of ''The Jenny Jones Show'' ("Same-Sex Crushes"), Scott Amedure reveals a crush on his heterosexual friend Jonathan Schmitz. Schmitz kills Amedure several days after the show.

March 13 – David Daliberti and William Barloon, two Americans working for a military contractor in Kuwait, are arrested after straying into Iraq.

March 14 – Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American to ride into space aboard a Russian launch vehicle (the ''Soyuz TM-21''), lifting off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

March 16 – Mississippi ratifies the Thirteenth Amendment, becoming the last state to approve the abolition of slavery. The amendment was nationally ratified in 1865.

March 20 – Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway. Members of the Aum Shinrikyo religious cult release sarin gas on 5 subway trains in Tokyo, killing 13 and injuring 5,510.

March 22 – Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns after setting a record for 438 days in outer space.

March 24 – For the first time in 26 years, no British soldiers patrol the streets of Belfast, Northern Ireland.

March 26 – The Schengen Agreement, easing cross-border travel, goes into effect in several European countries.

March 30 – A police officer tries to assassinate Takaji Kunimatsu, chief of the National Police Agency of Japan.

March 31 – Tejano superstar Selena is killed by the president of her own fanclub, Yolanda Saldívar.

April

April 1 – Dialog Telekom launches Sri Lanka's first GSM mobile phone network.

April 2 – An explosion in Gaza kills 8, including a Hamas leader.

April 5 – The U.S. House of Representatives votes 246–188 to cut taxes for individuals and corporations.

April 7 – House Republicans celebrate passage of most of the Contract with America.

April 19 – Oklahoma City bombing: 168 people, including 8 Federal Marshals and 19 children, are killed at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building. Timothy McVeigh and one of his accomplices, Terry Nichols, set off the bomb.

April 24 – A Unabomber bomb kills lobbyist Gilbert Murray in Sacramento, California.

April 28 – In Daegu, South Korea, a gas explosion at a subway construction site kills 101 persons, mostly teenage schoolboys.

May

May 1

* Jacques Chirac is elected president of France

* Croatian forces launch Operation Flash against rebel Serb forces in western Slavonia.

May 7 – Finland wins the ice hockey world championship.

May 11 – More than 170 countries agree to extend the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty indefinitely and without conditions.

May 13 – An earthquake hits the regions of Kozani and Grevena in Greece, with an intensity of 6.6 on the Richter scale.

May 14

* The Dalai Lama proclaims 6-year-old Gedhun Choekyi Nyima as the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama.

* Team New Zealand wins the America's Cup in San Diego, beating Stars and Stripes 5–0.

May 16 – Japanese police besiege the headquarters of Aum Shinrikyo near Mount Fuji and arrest cult leader Shoko Asahara.

May 17 – Shawn Nelson, 35, goes on a tank rampage in San Diego.

May 20 – U.S. President Bill Clinton indefinitely closes part of the street in front of the White House, Pennsylvania Avenue, to vehicular traffic in response to the Oklahoma City bombing.

May 21 – Pope John Paul II canonizes John Sarkander during his visit to Olomouc, the Czech Republic.

May 23 – Oklahoma City bombing: In Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, the remains of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building are imploded.

May 24 – AFC Ajax wins the UEFA Champions League in the Ernst Happel Stadium in Vienna by defeating AC Milan 0–1 by a goal of Patrick Kluivert. This was the third consecutive win of AFC Ajax over AC Milan that season, ranking AFC Ajax on the 4th place on the list of European Cup and UEFA Champions League winners.

May 25 – Egan v. Canada: The Supreme Court of Canada rules that discrimination based on sexual orientation is prohibited under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

May 27 – In Culpeper, Virginia, actor Christopher Reeve is paralyzed from the neck down after falling from his horse in a riding competition.

May 28 – A 7.6 magnitude earthquake in Neftegorsk, Russia kills at least 2,000.

June

June 1 – The busiest hurricane season in 62 years begins.

June 2

* Mrkonjić Grad incident: A United States Air Force F-16 piloted by Captain Scott O'Grady is shot down over Bosnia and Herzegovina while patrolling the NATO no-fly zone. O'Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines six days later.

* Waffen-SS Hauptsturmführer Erich Priebke is extradited from Argentina to Italy.

June 6

* U.S. astronaut Norman Thagard breaks NASA's space endurance record of 14 days, 1 hour and 16 minutes, aboard the Russian space station Mir.

* The Constitutional Court of South Africa abolishes capital punishment in South Africa in the case of ''S v Makwanyane and Another''.

June 13 – French President Jacques Chirac announces the resumption of nuclear tests in French Polynesia.

June 15 – A powerful earthquake, registering a moment magnitude of 6.2, hits the city of Aigio, Greece, resulting in several deaths and significant damage to many buildings.

June 16 – The IOC selects Salt Lake City to host the 2002 Winter Olympics.

June 20 – Oil multinational Royal Dutch Shell caves in to international pressure and abandons plans to dump the Brent Spar oil rig at sea.

June 22 – Japanese police rescue 365 hostages from a hijacked All Nippon Airways Flight 857 (Boeing 747-200) at Hakodate airport. The hijacker was armed with a knife and demanded the release of Shoko Asahara.

June 24

* The New Jersey Devils sweep the heavily favored Detroit Red Wings to win their first Stanley Cup in the lock-out shortened season.

* South Africa wins the Rugby World Cup.

June 29

* Lisa Clayton completes her 10-month solo circumnavigation from the Northern Hemisphere.

* STS-71: Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docks with the Russian Mir space station for the first time.

* The Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, killing 501 and injuring 937.

* Iraq disarmament crisis: According to UNSCOM, the unity of the UN Security Council begins to fray, as a few countries, particularly France and Russia, become more interested in making financial deals with Iraq than in disarming the country.

July

July – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq threatens to end all cooperation with UNSCOM and IAEA, if sanctions against the country are not lifted by August 31. Following the defection of his son-in-law, Hussein Kamel al-Majid, Saddam Hussein makes new revelations about the full extent of Iraq's biological and nuclear weapons programs. Iraq also withdraws its last UN declaration of prohibited biological weapons and turns over a large amount of new documents on its WMD programs.

July 1 – Iraq disarmament crisis: In response to UNSCOM's evidence, Iraq admits for first time the existence of an offensive biological weapons program, but denies weaponization.

July 4 – UK Prime Minister John Major wins his battle to remain leader of the Conservative Party.

July 5 – The U.S. Congress passes the Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act, requiring that producers of pornography keep records of all models who are filmed or photographed, and that all models be at least 18 years of age.

July 10 – Burmese dissident Aung San Suu Kyi is freed from house arrest.

July 11 – Bosnian Serbs march into Srebrenica while UN Dutch peacekeepers leave. Large numbers of Bosniak men and boys are killed in the Srebrenica massacre.

July 17 – The Nasdaq Composite index closes above the 1,000 mark for the first time.

July 18 РA series of huge eruptions by the Soufri̬re Hills volcano sends lava flows and ash falls across a wide area of southern Montserrat.

July 21–July 26 – Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People's Liberation Army fires missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.

July 23 – David Daliberti and William Barloon, 2 Americans held as spies by Iraq, are released by Saddam Hussein after negotiations with U.S. Congressman Bill Richardson.

August

August 2 – The first cold front of the White Earthquake strikes Chile, during the rest of August several communities becomes isolated due to heavy snowfall and livestock is decimated.

August 4 – Croatian forces launch Operation Storm against Serbian forces in Krajina, with the cooperation of the ARBiH, and force them to withdraw to central Bosnia and Herzegovina.

August 5 – Croatian forces take Knin and continue to advance.

August 6 – Hundreds in Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Washington, D.C., and Tokyo mark the 50th anniversary of the dropping of the atomic bomb.

August 7 – Operation Storm ends with a UN-brokered ceasefire; remaining Serbian forces start surrendering.

August 11 – The Russell Hill subway accident results in 3 deaths and 30 injuries in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

August 14 – An avalanche buries Alison Hargreaves, the first woman to climb Mt. Everest without oxygen; she is reported dead.

August 24 – Microsoft releases Windows 95.

August 28 – A Serbian mortar bomb near a Sarajevo market square kills 38 civilians.

August 29 – Eduard Shevardnadze, the Georgian head of state, survives an assassination attempt in Tbilisi.

August 30 – The NATO bombing campaign against Serb artillery positions begins in Bosnia and Herzegovina, continuing into October. At the same time, ARBiH forces begin an offensive against the Bosnian Serb Army around Sarajevo, central Bosnia, and Bosnian Krajina.

September

September

* The DVD, an optical disc computer storage media format, is announced.

* The European Parliament elects the first European Ombudsman, Jacob Söderman, who takes up office in September 1995.

September 4

* eBay is founded.

* The Fourth World Conference on Women opens in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.

September 6 – NATO air strikes continue, after repeated attempts at a solution with the Serbs fail.

September 19 – The ''Washington Post'' and ''The New York Times'' publish the Unabomber's manifesto.

September 22 – American millionaire Steve Forbes announces his candidacy for the 1996 Republican presidential nomination.

September 23 – Argentine national Guillermo "Bill" Gaede is arrested in Phoenix, Arizona on charges of industrial espionage. His sales to Cuba, China, North Korea and Iran are believed to have involved Intel and AMD trade secrets worth USD$10–20 million.

September 26 – The trial against former Italian Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti, who is accused of Mafia connections, begins.

September 27–September 28 – Bob Denard's mercenaries capture President Said Mohammed Djohor of the Comoros; the local army does not resist.

October

October 3 – O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of double murder for the deaths of former wife Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.

October 4

* France launches a counter-coup in the Comoros with 600 soldiers. They arrest Bob Denard and his mercenaries and take Denard to France; Caabi el-Yachroutu becomes the interim president.

Hurricane Opal makes landfall at Pensacola Beach, Florida as a Category 3 hurricane with winds.

October 5 – Tansu Çiller of DYP forms the new government of Turkey (51st government, a minority government which failed to receive the vote of confidence)

October 6 – Michael Mayor and Didier Queloz announce the discovery of 51 Pegasi b, the first confirmed extrasolar planet orbiting an ordinary main-sequence star.

October 9 – 1995 Palo Verde derailment: An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.

October 15 – The Carolina Panthers win their first-ever regular season game by defeating the New York Jets at Clemson Memorial Stadium in South Carolina.

October 16 – The Million Man March is held in Washington, D.C. The event was conceived by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan.

October 17 – French woman Jeanne Calment reaches the confirmed age of 120 years and 238 days, making her the oldest person ever recorded.

October 23 – In Houston, Texas, Yolanda Saldivar is convicted of first degree murder in the shooting death of Selena Quintanilla Perez and three days later is sentenced to life in prison.

October 24 – A total solar eclipse is visible from Iran, India, Thailand, and Southeast Asia.

October 25 – A Metra commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.

October 26 – An avalanche hits the village Flateyri in Iceland, killing 20 people.

October 28 – A fire in Baku Metro, Azerbaijan, kills 289 passengers (the world's worst subway disaster).

October 30

* Quebec independentists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.

* Tansu Çiller of DYP forms the new government of Turkey.

November

November 1

* NASA loses contact with the Pioneer 11 probe.

* Participants in the Yugoslav War begin negotiations at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio.

* The U.S. House of Representatives votes to ban partial birth abortions by a vote of 288–139.

November 2 – The Supreme Court of Argentina orders the extradition of Erich Priebke, ex-S.S. captain.

November 3 – At Arlington National Cemetery, U.S. President Bill Clinton dedicates a memorial to the victims of the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing.

November 4 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated at a peace rally in Tel Aviv.

November 7 – Typhoon Angela leaves the Philippines and Vietnam devastated, with 882 deaths and damage of P 10,829,000,000. The typhoon was the strongest ever to strike the Philippines in 25 years, with wind speeds of and gusts of .

November 10

* Iraq disarmament crisis: With help from Israel and Jordan, UNSCOM inspector Scott Ritter intercepts 240 Russian gyroscopes and accelerometers on their way to Iraq from Russia.

* In Nigeria, playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa, along with 8 others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People, are hanged by government forces.

November 12 – The Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme, a programme to implement the Harare Declaration, is announced by the Commonwealth Heads of Government.

November 14 – A budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the Congress of the United States, forces the federal government to temporarily close national parks and museums, and run most government offices with skeleton staff.

November 16 – A United Nations tribunal charges Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladic with genocide during the Bosnian War.

November 21

* The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 40.46 to close at 5,023.55, its first close above 5,000. This makes 1995 the first year where the Dow surpasses 2 millennium marks in a single year.

* The Dayton Agreement to end the Bosnian War is reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio (signed December 14).

November 22

* Rosemary West is sentenced to life for killing 10 women and girls, including her daughter and stepdaughter, after the jury returns a guilty verdict at Winchester Crown Court. The trial judge recommends that she should never be released from prison, making her only the second woman in British legal history to be subjected to a whole life tariff (the other is Myra Hindley).

* Six-year-old Elisa Izquierdo's child abuse-related death at the hands of her mother makes headlines, and instigates major reform in New York City's child welfare system.

* Egypt, Eilat, Israel, and much of the North African Mediterranean is struck by the strongest earthquake (7.2 $M\_\backslash mathrm\{w\}$) along the Dead Sea Transform in a century; 8 are killed.

* The first ever full length computer animated feature film "Toy Story" was released by Pixar Animation Studios and Walt Disney Pictures.

November 28

* The Barcelona Treaty is signed by 27 attending nations.

U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the National Highway Designation Act, which ends the federal speed limit.

November 30 – Javier Solana becomes the new NATO General Secretary; Operation Desert Storm officially ends.

December

December 3 – Strikes paralyze France's public sector.

December 7 – NASA's ''Galileo'' probe reenters over Jupiter.

December 8

* Jean-Dominique Bauby, editor-in-chief of ''Elle'' magazine, suffers a massive stroke and lapses into a coma.

* 6-year-old Gyaincain Norbu is enthroned as the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama at Tashilhunpo Monastery.

December 14 – The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris.

December 15

* The European Court of Justice rules that all EU football players have the right to a free transfer among member states at the end of their contracts.

* Because of the "quadruple-witching" option expiration, volume on the New York Stock Exchange hits 638 million shares, the highest single-day volume since October 20, 1987, when the Dow staged a stunning recovery a day after Black Monday.

December 16 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi scuba divers, under the direction of the United Nations Special Commission, dredge the Tigris near Baghdad. The divers find over 200 prohibited Russian-made missile instruments and components.

December 20 – American Airlines Flight 965 (Boeing 757) crashes into a mountain near Buga, Valle del Cauca, Colombia after veering off its course en route to Cali, Colombia. Of the 164 people on board, four passengers and a dog are the only survivors.

December 30

The lowest ever United Kingdom temperature of is recorded at Altnaharra in the Scottish Highlands. This equals the record set at Braemar, Aberdeenshire in 1895 and 1982.

* The Republic of Texas group claims to have formed a provisional government in Texas.

December 31 – The final original ''Calvin and Hobbes'' comic strip is published.

Date unknown

Sudden oak death, the tree disease caused by the plant pathogen ''Phytophthora ramorum'', is first observed, in California.

World population

{|class="wikitable" !colspan="7"|World population |- ! !1995 !colspan="2"|1990 !colspan="2"|2000 |- ! |align="right"|5,674,380,000 |align="right"|5,263,593,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|6,070,581,000 |align="right"|10px396,201,000 |- ! |align="right"|707,462,000 |align="right"|622,443,000 |align="right"|10px 85,019,000 |align="right"|795,671,000 |align="right"|10px 88,209,000 |- ! |align="right"|3,430,052,000 |align="right"|3,167,807,000 |align="right"|10px262,245,000 |align="right"|3,679,737,000 |align="right"|10px249,685,000 |- ! |align="right"|825,405,000 |align="right"|721,582,000 |align="right"|10px 5,823,000 |align="right"|830,986,000 |align="right"|10px 581,000 |- | {| style="background: #EEEEEE; width: 4em;" |style="border: 0px;"| !style="border: 0px;"|Latin-America/ Islands |} |align="right"|481,099,000 |align="right"|441,525,000 |align="right"|10px 39,574,000 |align="right"|520,229,000 |align="right"|10px 39,130,000 |- | {| style="background: #EEEEEE; width: 4em;" |style="border: 0px;"| !style="border: 0px;"|Northern America |} |align="right"|299,438,000 |align="right"|283,549,000 |align="right"|10px 15,889,000 |align="right"|315,915,000 |align="right"|10px 16,477,000 |- ! |align="right"|28,924,000 |align="right"|26,687,000 |align="right"|10px 2,237,000 |align="right"|31,043,000 |align="right"|10px 2,119,000 |}

Births

January

January 3 – Muhammed Demirci, Turkish footballer

January 4 – María Isabel, Spanish singer

January 9 – Nicola Peltz, American actress

January 18 РJos̩ Francisco Cevallos, Jr., Ecuadorian footballer

January 21 – Jennifer Rae Daykin, British teen actress

January 24

* Callan McAuliffe, Australian actor

* Dylan Everett, Canadian actor

January 26 – Kyle Chavarria, American actress

January 30

* Danielle Campbell, Actress

* Thia Megia, American singer from American Idol

February

February 6 – Nyck de Vries, Dutch kart racer

February 13

* Ayame Koike, Japanese actress

* Marsel Efroimski, Israeli chess player

February 14 – Diego Fagundez, American soccer player

February 26 – Liam Fairhurst, British charity fundraiser (d.2009)

February 28 – Madisen Beaty, American actress

March

March 7 – Hailey Clauson, American model

March 8 – Luca Brecel, Belgian snooker

March 12 – Kanon Fukuda, Japanese pop singer and seiyu

March 19 – Philip Daniel Bolden, American actor

March 23 – Alina Abdurakhimova, Uzbekistani tennis player

March 27 – Taylor Atelian, American Actress

April

April 11 – Ryan Hanson Bradford, American actor

April 14 – Yukiko Fujisawa, Japanese figure skater

April 15 – Kiri Baga, American figure skater

April 28 – Yulia Gurska, Ukrainian singer-songwriter

May

May 2 – Skye Bennett, English actress

May 4 – Martin Santiago Augusto Castillo, Argentine boxer

May 5 – Devon Gearhart, American actor

May 10 – Missy Franklin, American swimmer

May 12

* Luke Benward, American actor and singer

* Kenton Duty, American actor (Shake It Up)

May 15 – Ksenia Sitnik, Belarusian singer

May 25 – Greg Grossman, American chef

June

June 2 – Sterling Beaumon, American actor

June 5 – Beckii Cruel, British pop dancer

June 8

* Bessie Cursons, English actress

* Akari Saho, Japanese musician

June 9 – Alina Grosu, Ukrainian singer

June 23 – Eva Lazzaro, Australian actress

June 27 – Eirik Gjen, Norwegian artist

July

July 7 – Chloe Greenfield, American actress

July 9 – Georgie Henley, English actress

July 26 – Holly Bodimeade, British actress

August

August 20 – Liana Liberato, American Actress

August 23 – Tommy Batchelor, American dancer

August 29 – Aria Clemente, Filipina singer and Actress

September

September 4 – Trevor Gagnon, American actor

September 5

* Tehilla Blad, Swedish actress

* Caroline Sunshine, American actress (Shake It Up)

September 8 – Thuliso Dingwall, American actor

September 20 – Laura Dekker, Dutch solo sailor

September 22 – Juliette Goglia, American actress

October

October 8 – Courtney Taylor Burness, American actress

October 12 – Lauren Dixon, Canadian actress and singer

October 21 – Antoinette Guedia, Cameroonian swimmer

October 25 – Conchita Campbell, Canadian actress

November

November 1 – Nour El Sherbini, Egyptian squash players

November 3 – Kendall Jenner, American model and a member of the Kardashian family

November 7 – Michael Dameski, Australian Dancer and actor

November 16 – Noah Gray-Cabey, American actor and pianist

December

December 6 – Joy Gruttmann, German singer

December 14 – Yulia Belokobylskaya, Russian gymnast

December 19 – Elliot Evans, English singer

December 22 – Hunter Allan, American actor

December 26 – Zach Mills, American actor

Deaths

January

January 1

* Fred West, English serial killer who raped his victims (b. 1941)

* Eugene Wigner, Hungarian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)

January 2

* Siad Barre, Military dictator of Somalia (b. 1919)

* Nancy Kelly, American actress (b. 1921)

January 4 – Sol Tax, American anthropologist (b. 1907)

January 7

* Murray Rothbard, American economist (b. 1926)

* Larry Grayson, British comedian and game show host (b. 1923)

January 9 – Peter Cook, English comedian and writer (b. 1937)

January 18

* Adolf Butenandt, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)

* Ron Luciano, American baseball umpire (b. 1937)

January 22 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, American philanthropist (b. 1890)

January 30 – Gerald Durrell, British naturalist, zookeeper, author, and television presenter (b. 1925)

January 31 – George Abbott, American writer, director, and producer (b. 1887)

February

February 2

* Fred Perry, English tennis champion (b. 1909)

* Donald Pleasence, English actor (b. 1919)

February 4 – Patricia Highsmith, American author (b. 1921)

February 5 – Doug McClure, American actor (b. 1935)

February 6 – James Merrill, American poet (b. 1926)

February 8 – Rachel Thomas, Welsh actress (b. 1905)

February 9 – David Wayne, American actor (b. 1914)

February 12

* Robert Bolt, English writer (b. 1924)

* Philip Taylor Kramer, American musician (b. 1952)

February 14 – U Nu, Burmese politician (b. 1907)

February 19

* Sir Nicholas Fairbairn, British politician (b. 1933)

* John Howard, American actor (b. 1913)

February 22 – Ed Flanders, American actor (b. 1934)

February 23

* Melvin Franklin, American singer (b. 1942)

* James Herriot, English veterinarian and author (b. 1916)

February 24

* Hideko Maehata, Japanese swimmer (b. 1914)

* Tatsumi Kumashiro, Japanese film director (b. 1927)

February 26 – Jack Clayton, British film director (b. 1921)

March

March 1 – Vladislav Listyev, Russian journalist (b. 1956).

March 3 – Howard W. Hunter, American Mormon leader (b. 1907)

March 5 – Vivian Stanshall, English comedian, writer, artist, broadcaster, and musician (b. 1943)

March 7 РGeorges J. F. K̦hler, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1946)

March 8 – Ingo Schwichtenberg, German drummer (b. 1965)

March 12 – Juanin Clay, American actress (b. 1949)

March 13

* Leon Day, American baseball player (b. 1916)

* Odette Hallowes, French World War II heroine (b. 1912)

March 14 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)

March 16 – Albert Hackett, American dramatist and screenwriter (b. 1900)

March 17

* Ronald Kray, British organised crime leader (b. 1933)

* Rick Aviles, American actor (b. 1952)

March 18 – Robin Jacques, English illustrator (b. 1920)

March 19 – Yasuo Yamada, Japanese voice actor (b. 1932)

March 20

* Sidney Kingsley, American dramatist (b. 1906)

* John William Minton American Wrestler (Big John Studd) (b. 1948)

March 22 – Peter Woods, British journalist, reporter and newsreader (b. 1930)

March 23 – Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer (b. 1956)

March 26 – Eazy-E, American rapper and record producer (b. 1963)

March 27 – Maurizio Gucci, Italian businessman (b. 1948)

March 28 – Hugh O'Connor, American actor the son of Carroll O'Connor (b. 1962)

March 29

* Tony Lock, English cricketer (b. 1929)

* Jimmy McShane (aka Baltimora), Northern Irish dancer (b. 1957)

March 31 – Selena Quintanilla Perez, Mexican American singer (b. 1971)

April

April 2

* Harvey Penick, American golfer (b. 1904)

* Hannes Alfvén, Swedish chemist, Nobel-prize (b.1908)

April 4

* Kenny Everett, British comedian (b. 1944)

* Priscilla Lane, American actress (b. 1915)

April 10 – Morarji Desai, Indian politician (b. 1896)

April 14 – Burl Ives, American singer (b. 1909)

April 15 – Harry Shoulberg, American painter and serigrapher (b. 1903)

April 16 – Cy Endfield, American screenwriter (b. 1914)

April 18 – Arturo Frondizi, President of Argentina (b. 1908)

April 20 – Milovan Ä?ilas, Yugoslavian Marxist (b. 1911)

April 23 – Howard Cosell, American sportscaster (b. 1918)

April 24 – Art Fleming, American actor and game show host (b. 1924)

April 25

* Ginger Rogers, American actress and dancer (b. 1911)

* Alexander Knox, Canadian actor (b. 1907)

* Andrea Fortunato, Italian football player (b. 1971)

May

May 2 – Michael Hordern, English actor (b. 1911)

May 5

* Mikhail Botvinnik, Russian chess player (b. 1911)

* Al Sanders, American news anchorman (b. 1941)

May 6 – Noel Brotherston, Irish footballer (b. 1956)

May 8 – Teresa Teng, Taiwanese singer (b. 1953)

May 12 – Arthur Lubin, American film director (b. 1898)

May 14 – Christian B. Anfinsen, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)

May 15

* Eric Porter, English actor (b. 1928)

* Woldeab Woldemariam, Eritrean Politician (b. 1905)

* Ben Bubar, American activist (b. 1917)

May 18

* Elisha Cook, Jr., American actor (b. 1903)

* Alexander Godunov, Russian-born ballet dancer and actor (b. 1949)

* Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress (b. 1933)

May 24 – Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1916)

May 25 – Jack Allen, English actor (b. 1907)

May 26 – Friz Freleng, American animator (b. 1905)

May 27 – Severn Darden, American actor (b. 1929)

May 28 – Irfan Ljubijankic, Bosnian diplomat (b. 1952)

May 30 – Ted Drake, English footballer (b. 1912)

June

June 7 – Hsuan Hua, Chinese Buddhist master (b. 1918)

June 12 – Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (b. 1920)

June 15 – Charles Bennett, English screenwriter (b. 1899)

June 20 – Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (b. 1911)

June 23 – Jonas Salk, American medical researcher (b. 1914)

June 25 – Warren E. Burger, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1907)

June 26 – Ernest Walton, Irish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)

June 29 – Lana Turner, American actress (b. 1921)

June 30

* Georgi Beregovoi, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1921)

* Gale Gordon, American actor (b. 1906)

July

July 1 – Wolfman Jack, American disc jockey (b. 1938)

July 3 – Pancho Gonzales, American tennis champion (b. 1928)

July 4

* Eva Gabor, Hungarian actress (b. 1919)

* Bob Ross, American television painter (b. 1942)

July 5 – Takeo Fukuda, Japanese politician (b. 1905)

July 16

* Patsy Ruth Miller, American actress (b. 1904)

* Stephen Spender, English poet and writer (b. 1909)

July 17

* Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentine race car driver (b. 1911)

* Harry Guardino, American actor (b. 1925)

July 18 – Fabio Casartelli, Italian cyclist (b. 1970)

July 21 – Genevieve Tobin, American actress (b. 1899)

July 24

* Marjorie Cameron, American writer, painter, actress, and occultist (b. 1922)

* George Rodger, British photojournalist (b. 1908)

July 25 – Charlie Rich, American singer (b. 1932)

July 27 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian composer (b. 1907)

July 29 – Philippe De Lacy, American actor (b. 1917)

August

August 1 – Esther Muir, American actress (b. 1903)

August 3

* Ida Lupino, British actress (b. 1914)

* Edward Whittemore, American author and Central Intelligence agent (b. 1933)

August 4 – J. Howard Marshall, American billionaire (b. 1905)

August 7 – Brigid Brophy, English author (b. 1929)

August 9 – Jerry Garcia, American guitarist (b. 1942)

August 11 – Phil Harris, American actor (b. 1904)

August 13 – Mickey Mantle, baseball player (b. 1931)

August 15 – John Cameron Swayze, American journalist (b. 1906)

August 17 – Howard Koch, American screenwriter (b. 1901)

August 19 – Pierre Schaeffer, French composer (b. 1910)

August 21 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian-born astrophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)

August 24

* Gary Crosby, American singer and actor (b. 1933)

* Alfred Eisenstaedt, German-American photographer (b. 1898)

August 29

* Michael Ende, German author (b. 1929)

* Frank Perry, American film director (b. 1930)

August 30

* Fischer Black, American economist (b. 1938)

* Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (b. 1942)

September

September 12 – Jeremy Brett, English actor (b. 1933)

September 15

* Harry Calder, South African cricketer (b. 1901)

* Dietrich Hrabak, German World War II flying ace (b. 1914)

* Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (b. 1921)

September 17 – Grady Sutton, American actor (b. 1906)

September 19 – Orville Redenbacher, American entrepreneur and businessman (b. 1907)

September 20 – Eileen Chang, Chinese writer (b. 1920)

September 25

* Annie Elizabeth Delany, American physician and author (b. 1891)

* Pedro Nolasco, Dominican republican boxer (b. 1963)

October

October 1 – Margaret Gorman, First Miss America winner (b. 1905)

October 5 – Linda Gary, American voice actress (b. 1944)

October 9 – Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1903)

October 21

* Maxene Andrews, American singer (b. 1916)

* Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book author (b. 1919)

* Shannon Hoon, American singer (b. 1967)

October 22

* Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)

* Mary Wickes, American actress (b. 1910)

October 25

* Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)

* Bobby Riggs, American tennis champion (b. 1918)

October 26

* Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader and songwriter (b. 1913)

* Wilhelm Freddie, Danish painter (b. 1909)

October 29 – Terry Southern, American screenwriter (b. 1924)

November

November 4

* Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1922)

* Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (b. 1925)

* Paul Eddington, English actor (b. 1927)

November 6 – Aneta Corsaut, American actress (b. 1933)

November 7 – Ann Dunham, American anthropologist and mother of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States (b. 1942)

November 12 – Robert Stephens, British actor (b. 1931)

November 13 – Ralph Blane, American composer (b. 1914)

November 20 – Sergei Grinkov, Russian figure skater (b. 1967)

November 21 – Noel Jones, British diplomat (b. 1940)

November 22 – Elisa Izquierdo, American murder victim (b. 1989)

November 23 – Louis Malle, French film director (b. 1932)

November 24 – Jeffrey Lynn, American actor (b. 1909)

November 30 – Stretch, American rapper and record producer (b. 1972)

December

December 2

* Roxie Roker, American actress (b. 1929)

* Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist (b. 1913)

December 3 – Jimmy Jewel, English actor (b. 1909)

December 7 – Kathleen Harrison, British actress (b. 1892)

December 9 – Vivian Blaine, American actress (b. 1921)

December 10 – Darren Robinson, American rapper and actor (b. 1967)

December 16 – Johnny Moss, American poker player (b. 1907)

December 18 – Konrad Zuse, German engineer (b. 1910)

December 20 – Madge Sinclair, Jamaican-American actress (b. 1938)

December 22

* Butterfly McQueen, American actress (b. 1911)

* James Meade, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)

December 23 – Patric Knowles, English actor (b. 1911)

December 25

* Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian-American musicologist (b. 1894)

* Dean Martin, American actor, singer and comedian (b. 1917)

December 28 – Virginius Dabney, American teacher, writer, journalist and editor (b. 1901)

December 30

* Doris Grau, American actress (b. 1924)

* Heiner Müller, German poet and playwright (b. 1929)

Nobel Prizes

Physics – Martin L. Perl, Frederick Reines

Chemistry – Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland

Medicine – Edward B. Lewis, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Eric F. Wieschaus

Literature – Seamus Heaney

Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Robert Lucas, Jr.

Peace – Joseph Rotblat and the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs

Templeton Prize

Paul Davies

References

1995: A look back - CNN

CNN Time Capsule: The Defining Moments of 1995 - CNN

af:1995 am:1995 �.�.�. ar:ملحق:1995 an:1995 frp:1995 ast:1995 gn:1995 av:1995 ay:1995 az:1995 bn:১৯৯৫ zh-min-nan:1995 nî map-bms:1995 be:1995 be-x-old:1995 bh:१९९५ bcl:1995 bs:1995 br:1995 bg:1995 ca:1995 cv:1995 cs:1995 cbk-zam:1995 co:1995 cy:1995 da:1995 pdc:1995 de:1995 et:1995 el:1995 myv:1995 ие es:1995 eo:1995 eu:1995 fa:۱۹۹۵ (میلادی) hif:1995 fo:1995 fr:1995 fy:1995 fur:1995 ga:1995 gv:1995 gd:1995 gl:1995 gan:1995年 xal:1995 җил ko:1995년 hy:1995 hi:१९९५ hr:1995. io:1995 ilo:1995 bpy:মারি ১৯৯৫ id:1995 ia:1995 os:1995-æм аз is:1995 it:1995 he:1995 jv:1995 kn:೧೯೯೫ pam:1995 krc:1995 джыл ka:1995 csb:1995 kk:1995 kw:1995 sw:1995 kv:1995 во ht:1995 (almanak gregoryen) ku:1995 la:1995 lv:1995. gads lb:1995 lt:1995 m. lij:1995 li:1995 ln:1995 jbo:1995moi lmo:1995 hu:1995 mk:1995 ml:1995 mi:1995 mr:इ.स. १९९५ arz:1995 ms:1995 nah:1995 nl:1995 nds-nl:1995 ne:सन� १९९५ new:ई सं १९९५ ja:1995年 nap:1995 no:1995 nn:1995 nrm:1995 nov:1995 oc:1995 mhr:1995 uz:1995 pa:੧੯੯੫ pi:१९९५ pnb:1995 pap:1995 tpi:1995 nds:1995 pl:1995 pt:1995 ty:1995 ksh:Joohr 1995 ro:1995 qu:1995 ru:1995 год sah:1995 se:1995 stq:1995 sq:1995 scn:1995 simple:1995 sk:1995 sl:1995 so:1995 ckb:١٩٩٥ sr:1995 sh:1995 su:1995 fi:1995 sv:1995 tl:1995 ta:1995 tt:1995 ел te:1995 tet:1995 th:�.ศ. 2538 tg:1995 tr:1995 tk:1995 udm:1995 ар uk:1995 ur:1995ء vec:1995 vi:1995 vo:1995 fiu-vro:1995 wa:1995 zh-classical:一��五年 vls:1995 war:1995 yi:1995 yo:1995 zh-yue:1995年 diq:1995 bat-smg:1995 zh:1995年

name	Sylvester Stallone
birth name	Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone
birth date	July 06, 1946
birth place	New York City, New York, U.S.
occupation	Actor, director, screenwriter
years active	1970–present
spouse
children	Sage, Seargeoh, Sophia, Sistine, Scarlet
parents	Frank Stallone Sr.Jackie Stallone
relatives	Frank Stallone (brother)
website	http://www.sylvesterstallone.com }}

Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone (; born July 6, 1946), commonly known as Sylvester Stallone, and nicknamed Sly Stallone, is an American actor, filmmaker, screenwriter, film director and occasional painter. Stallone is known for his machismo and Hollywood action roles. Two of the notable characters he has portrayed include boxer Rocky Balboa and soldier John Rambo. The ''Rocky'' and ''Rambo'' franchises, along with several other films, strengthened his reputation as an actor and his box office earnings.

Stallone's film ''Rocky'' was inducted into the National Film Registry as well as having its film props placed in the Smithsonian Museum. Stallone's use of the front entrance to the Philadelphia Museum of Art in the ''Rocky'' series led the area to be nicknamed the Rocky Steps. Philadelphia has a statue of his Rocky character placed permanently near the museum, on the right side before the steps. It was announced on December 7, 2010 that Stallone was voted into boxing's Hall of Fame.

Early life

Sylvester Stallone was born Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone in New York City, the elder son of Frank Stallone, Sr., a hairdresser, and Jackie Stallone (born Jacqueline Labofish), an astrologer, former dancer, and promoter of women's wrestling. His younger brother is actor and musician Frank Stallone. Stallone's father was born in Gioia del Colle, Apulia, Italy, and emigrated to the United States as a child. Stallone's mother is of half Russian Jewish and half French descent.

Complications his mother suffered during labor forced her obstetricians to use two pairs of forceps during his birth; misuse of these accidentally severed a nerve and caused paralysis in parts of Stallone's face. As a result, the lower left side of his face is paralyzed, including parts of his lip, tongue, and chin, an accident which has given Stallone his trademark snarling look and slightly slurred speech. Stallone was baptized and raised Catholic. He spent his first five years in Hell's Kitchen, bouncing between foster homes while his parents endured a loud, troubled marriage. His father, a beautician, moved the family to Washington DC, where he opened a beauty school. His mother opened a women's gymnasium called Barbella's in 1954. He attended Charlotte Hall Military Academy prior to attending Miami Dade College.

Career

When Stallone was nearly broke in New York, barely $50 to his name, he sold the script to ''Paradise Alley'' for $100.

''Italian Stallion'' and ''Score''

Stallone had his first starring role in the soft core pornography feature film ''The Party at Kitty and Stud's'' (1970). He was paid US$200 for two days' work. Stallone later explained that he had done the film out of desperation after being evicted from his apartment and finding himself homeless for several days. He has also said that he slept three weeks in the New York City Port Authority bus station prior to seeing a casting notice for the film. In the actor's words, "it was either do that movie or rob someone, because I was at the end – the very end – of my rope". The film was released several years later as ''Italian Stallion'', in order to cash in on Stallone's new found fame (the new title was taken from Stallone's nickname since ''Rocky'' and a line from the film).

Stallone also starred in the erotic off-Broadway stage play ''Score'' which ran for 23 performances at the Martinique Theatre from October 28 – November 15, 1971 and was later made into a film by Radley Metzger.

Early film roles, 1970–1975

In 1970 Stallone appeared in the film ''No Place to Hide,'' which was re-cut and retitled ''Rebel,'' the second version featuring Stallone as its star. After the style of Woody Allen's ''What's Up, Tiger Lily?,'' this film, in 1990, was re-edited from outtakes from the original movie and newly shot matching footage, then redubbed into an award-winning parody of itself titled ''A Man Called... Rainbo.'' Again starring Stallone, this self-parody was directed by David Casci and produced by Jeffrey Hilton. ''A Man Called...Rainbo'' won Silver Awards at the Chicago International Film Festival and Worldfest – Houston, and was featured on ''Entertainment Tonight'' along with its credited star, Sylvester Stallone. It received a Thumbs-Up on ''Siskel & Ebert,'' and was recommended by Michael Medved on the popular movie review show, ''Sneak Previews.''

Stallone's other first few film roles were minor, and included brief uncredited appearances in Woody Allen's ''Bananas'' (1971) as a subway thug, in the psychological thriller ''Klute'' (1971) as an extra dancing in a club, and in the Jack Lemmon film ''The Prisoner of Second Avenue'' (1975) as a youth. In the Lemmon film, Jack Lemmon chases, tackles and mugs Stallone, thinking that Stallone's character is a pickpocket. He had his second starring role in ''The Lords of Flatbush,'' in 1974. In 1975, he played supporting roles in ''Farewell, My Lovely''; ''Capone''; and ''Death Race 2000.'' He made guest appearances on the TV series ''Police Story'' and ''Kojak.''

Success with ''Rocky,'' 1976

Stallone gained worldwide fame with his starring role in the smash hit ''Rocky'' (1976). On March 24, 1975, Stallone saw the Muhammad Ali–Chuck Wepner fight, which inspired the foundation idea of ''Rocky.'' That night Stallone went home, and after three days 20 straight hours he had written the script for ''Rocky.'' After that, he tried to sell the script with the intention of playing the lead role. Robert Chartoff and Irwin Winkler in particular liked the script. ''Rocky'' was nominated for ten Academy Awards in all, including Best Actor and Best Original Screenplay nominations for Stallone. ''Rocky'' went on to win the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Directing and Best Film Editing.

Rocky, Rambo and new film roles, 1978–1989

The sequel ''Rocky II,'' which Stallone had also written and directed (replacing John G. Avildsen, who won an Academy Award for directing the first film) was released in 1979 and also became a major success, grossing $200 million.

Apart from the ''Rocky'' films, Stallone did many other films in the late 1970s and early 1980s which were critically acclaimed but were not successful at the box office. He received critical praise for films such as ''F.I.S.T.'' (1978), a social, epic styled drama in which he plays a warehouse worker, very loosely modeled on James Hoffa, who becomes involved in the labor union leadership, and ''Paradise Alley'' (1978), a family drama in which he plays one of three brothers who is a con artist and who helps his other brother who is involved in wrestling. Stallone made his directorial debut directing ''Paradise Alley.''

In the early 1980s, he starred alongside British veteran Michael Caine in ''Escape to Victory'' (1981), a sports drama in which he plays a prisoner of war involved in a Nazi propaganda soccer game. Stallone then made the action thriller film ''Nighthawks'' (1981), in which he plays a New York city cop who plays a cat and mouse game with a foreign terrorist, played by Rutger Hauer.

Stallone had another major franchise success as Vietnam veteran John Rambo, a former Green Beret, in the action-war film ''First Blood'' (1982). The first installment of Rambo was both a critical and box office success. The critics praised Stallone's performance, saying he made Rambo seem human, as opposed to the way he is portrayed in the book of the same name, in ''First Blood'' and in the other films. Three Rambo sequels ''Rambo: First Blood Part II'' (1985), ''Rambo III'' (1988) and ''Rambo'' (2008) followed. Although box office hits, they met with much less critical praise than the original. He also continued his box office success with the ''Rocky'' franchise and wrote, directed and starred in two more sequels to the series: ''Rocky III'' (1982) and ''Rocky IV'' (1985). Stallone has portrayed these two characters in a total of ten films. In preparation for these roles, Stallone embarked upon a vigorous training regimen which often meant six days a week in the gym and further sit ups in the evenings. Stallone claims to have gotten his body fat percentage down to his all time low of 2.8% for Rocky III.

It was during this time period that Stallone's work cultivated a strong overseas following. He also attempted, albeit unsuccessfully, roles in different genres when he co-wrote and starred in the comedy film ''Rhinestone'' (1984) where he played a wannabe country music singer and the drama film ''Over the Top'' (1987) where he played a struggling trucker who, after the death of his wife, tries to make amends with his son who he left behind years earlier. His son does not think too highly of him until he sees him compete in a nation-wide arm wrestling competition. For the ''Rhinestone'' soundtrack, he performed a song. These films did not do well at the box office and were poorly received by critics. It was around 1985 that Stallone was signed to a remake of the 1939 James Cagney classic ''Angels With Dirty Faces.'' The film would form part of his multi-picture deal with Cannon Pictures and was to co-star Christopher Reeve and be directed by Menahem Golan. The re-making of such a beloved classic was met with disapproval by Variety Magazine and horror by top critic Roger Ebert and so Cannon opted to make ''Cobra'' instead. ''Cobra'' (1986) and ''Tango and Cash'' (1989) did solid business domestically but overseas they did blockbuster business grossing over $100 million in foreign markets and over $160 million worldwide.

1990–2002

With the then recent success of ''Lock Up'' and ''Tango and Cash,'' at the start of the 1990s Stallone starred in the fifth installment of the Rocky franchise ''Rocky V'' which was considered a box office disappointment and was also disliked by fans as an unworthy entry in the series.

After starring in the critical and commercial disasters ''Oscar'' (1991) and ''Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot'' (1992) during the early 90s, he made a comeback in 1993 with the hit ''Cliffhanger'' which was a success in the U.S., grossing $84 million, but even more successful worldwide, grossing $171 million for a total over US$255 million. Later that year he starred with Wesley Snipes in the futuristic action film ''Demolition Man'' which grossed in excess of $158 million worldwide. His string of hits continued with 1994's ''The Specialist'' (over $170 million worldwide gross).

In 1995, he played the comic book based title character Judge Dredd, who was taken from the British comic book 2000 AD in the film of the same name. His overseas box office appeal saved the domestic box office disappointment of ''Judge Dredd'', which cost almost $100 million and barely made its budget back with a worldwide tally of $113 million. He also appeared in the thriller ''Assassins'' (1995) with co stars Julianne Moore and Antonio Banderas. In 1996, he starred in the disaster film ''Daylight'' which was not very successful in the US but still grossed $126 million overseas.

That same year Stallone, along with an all-star cast of celebrities, appeared in the Trey Parker and Matt Stone short comedy film ''Your Studio and You'' commissioned by the Seagram Company for a party celebrating their acquisition of Universal Studios and the MCA Corporation. Stallone speaks in his Rocky Balboa voice with subtitles translating what he is saying. At one point, Stallone starts yelling about how can they use his Balboa character, that he left it in the past; the narrator calms him with a wine cooler and calling him, "brainiac." In response, Stallone says, "Thank you very much." He then looks at the wine cooler and exclaims, "Stupid cheap studio!"

Following his breakthrough performance in ''Rocky,'' critic Roger Ebert had once said Stallone could become the next Marlon Brando, though he never quite recaptured the critical acclaim achieved with ''Rocky.'' Stallone did, however, go on to receive much acclaim for his role in the low budget crime drama ''Cop Land'' (1997) in which he starred alongside Robert De Niro and Ray Liotta, but the film was only a minor success at the box office. His performance led him to win the Stockholm International Film Festival Best Actor Award. In 1998 he did voice-over work for the computer-animated film ''Antz,'' which was a big hit domestically.

In 2000, Stallone starred in the thriller ''Get Carter'' – a remake of the 1971 British Michael Caine film of the same name—but the film was poorly received by both critics and audiences. Stallone's career declined considerably after his subsequent films ''Driven'' (2001), ''Avenging Angelo'' (2002) and ''D-Tox'' (2002) also underachieved expectations to do well at the box office and were poorly received by critics.

2003–2005

In 2003, he played a villainous role in the third installment of the Spy Kids trilogy ''Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over'' which was a huge box office success (almost $200 million worldwide). Stallone also had a cameo appearance in the 2003 French film ''Taxi 3'' as a passenger.

Following several poorly reviewed box office flops, Stallone started to regain prominence for his supporting role in the neo-noir crime drama ''Shade'' (2003) which was only released in a limited fashion but was praised by critics. He was also attached to star and direct a film tentatively titled ''Rampart Scandal,'' which was to be about the murder of rappers Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. and the surrounding Los Angeles Police Department corruption scandal. It was later titled ''Notorious'' but was shelved.

In 2005, he was the co-presenter, alongside Sugar Ray Leonard, of the NBC Reality television boxing series ''The Contender.'' That same year he also made a guest appearance in two episodes of the television series ''Las Vegas.'' In 2005, Stallone also inducted wrestling icon Hulk Hogan, who appeared in ''Rocky III'' as a wrestler named Thunderlips, into the WWE Hall of Fame; Stallone was also the person who offered Hogan the cameo in ''Rocky III.''

Revisiting Rocky and Rambo, 2006–2008

After a three year hiatus from films, Stallone made a comeback in 2006 with the sixth installment of his successful Rocky series, ''Rocky Balboa'', which was a critical and commercial hit. After the critical and box office failure of the previous installment ''Rocky V'', Stallone had decided to write, direct and star in a sixth installment which would be a more appropriate climax to the series. The total domestic box office came to $70.3 million (and $155.7 million worldwide). The budget of the movie was only $24 million. His performance in ''Rocky Balboa'' has been praised and garnered mostly positive reviews.

Stallone's fourth installment of his other successful movie franchise, Rambo, with the sequel being titled simply ''Rambo''. The film opened in 2,751 theaters on January 25, 2008, grossing $6,490,000 on its opening day and $18,200,000 over its opening weekend. Its box office was $113,244,290 worldwide with a budget of $50 million.

Asked in February 2008 which of the icons he would rather be remembered for, Stallone said "it's a tough one, but ''Rocky'' is my first baby, so ''Rocky."''

Other film work

Stallone's debut as a director came in 1978 with ''Paradise Alley,'' which he also wrote and starred in. In addition, he directed ''Staying Alive'', the sequel to ''Saturday Night Fever'', along with ''Rocky II'', ''Rocky III'', ''Rocky IV'', ''Rocky Balboa'', and ''Rambo''. In August 2005, Stallone released his book ''Sly Moves'' which claimed to be a guide to fitness and nutrition as well as a candid insight into his life and works from his own perspective. The book also contained many photographs of Stallone throughout the years as well as pictures of him performing exercises. In addition to writing all six ''Rocky'' films, Stallone also wrote ''Cobra'', ''Driven'', and ''Rambo.'' He has co-written several other films, such as ''F.I.S.T.'', ''Rhinestone'', ''Over the Top'', and the first three ''Rambo'' films. His last major success as a co-writer came with 1993's ''Cliffhanger''. In addition, Stallone has continued to express his passion in directing a film on Edgar Allan Poe's life, a script he has been preparing for years. In July 2009, he appeared in a cameo in the Bollywood movie ''Kambakkht Ishq'' where he played himself, for which he has been nominated by the Indian version of Razzies, Golden Kela Awards. Stallone also provided the voice of a lion in Kevin James's comedy ''Zookeeper.'' Stallone has also mentioned that he would like to adapt a Nelson DeMille novel, ''The Lion's Game'' and James Byron Huggin's novel ''Hunter'', which Stallone had the film rights for several years and originally planned to use the plot from ''Hunter'' for ''Rambo V''. In 2009, Stallone expressed interest in starring in a remake of Charles Bronson's 1974 movie ''Death Wish''.

2010 onwards

''The Expendables'' was Stallone's big success of 2010. The movie, which was filmed during summer/winter 2009, was released on August 13, 2010. Stallone wrote, directed and stars in the movie. Joining him in the film were fellow action stars Jason Statham, Jet Li, and Dolph Lundgren plus Terry Crews, Mickey Rourke, Randy Couture, Eric Roberts, and Stone Cold Steve Austin as well as much anticipated cameos for fellow '80s action icons Bruce Willis and Arnold Schwarzenegger. Indeed, the cameos of Willis and Schwarzenegger have been pushed quite heavily in the promotion of the movie. Due to the overwhelmingly positive reaction to early test footage and trailers, producer Avi Lerner has reported that there is already talk of making two more sequels, or at least some sort of a longer franchise, based on the members of the team. The movie took $34,825,135 in its opening weekend, going straight in at No.1 in the US box office. The figure marked the biggest opening weekend in Stallone's illustrious 35 year career. In summer 2010, Brazilian company O2 Filmes released a statement saying it was still owed more than $2 million US for its work on the film. Stallone also confirmed the planned ''Rambo V'' was cancelled in May 2010. The movie was officially greenlit by Nu Image/Millenium Films in September 2009 and initially Stallone said the movie was to be entitled ''Rambo V: The Savage Hunt'' and would be loosely based on a novel called ''Hunter'' (a novel to which Stallone had the rights for ten years), involving Rambo hunting a "feral beast". In November 2009 Stallone confirmed that the story has been switched and that the man/beast hunt story will be saved for an unrelated film. ''Rambo V'' will now be based on Rambo searching for women who disappeared in a town over the Mexican border. It was confirmed by Stallone himself in May 2010 that he has scrapped ''Rambo V'' (and "retired" ''Rambo'') in order to work on ''The Expendables'' sequel.

Personal life

Stallone has been married three times. At age 28, on December 28, 1974, he married Sasha Czack. The couple had two sons, Sage Moonblood (b. May 5, 1976) and Seargeoh (b. 1979). His younger son was diagnosed with autism at an early age. The couple divorced on February 14, 1985. He married model and actress Brigitte Nielsen, on December 15, 1985, in Beverly Hills, California. Stallone and Nielsen's marriage, which lasted two years, and their subsequent divorce, were highly publicized by the tabloid press. In May 1997, Stallone married Jennifer Flavin, with whom he has three daughters: Sophia Rose (b. August 27, 1996), Sistine Rose (b. June 27, 1998), and Scarlet Rose (b. May 25, 2002).

In 2007, he was caught in Australia with 48 vials of the synthetic human growth hormone Jintropin.

After Stallone's request that his acting and life experiences be accepted in exchange for his remaining credits, he was granted a Bachelors of Fine Arts (BFA) degree by the President of the University of Miami in 1999.

Stallone stopped going to church as his acting career progressed. He began to rediscover his childhood faith when his daughter was born ill in 1996, and is now a churchgoing Catholic.

Stallone supports the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence, and is featured prominently on that organization's website along with other celebrities.

Tobacco promotion

In 1983 Stallone entered into an agreement with Associated Film Promotions, Inc. representing their client, cigarette manufacturer Brown & Williamson Corp., to use or place B&W; products in five of his feature films. In exchange, Stallone was paid a total of $500,000, disbursed as $250,000 up front and $50,000 "payable at the inception of production of each participating film." In the initial correspondences Stallone guaranteed that he would "use Brown and Williamson tobacco products in no less than five feature films" but later, to be consistent with the character of Rocky Balboa, it was decided that "other leads will have product usage" in ''Rocky IV''. In 2002 documentation of the agreement was made publicly available through the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library at the University of California, San Francisco.

Injuries

Known for physically demanding roles, and his willingness to do a majority of his own stunts, Stallone has suffered numerous injuries during his acting career. For a scene in ''Rocky IV'', he told Dolph Lundgren "Punch me as hard as you can in the chest." "Next thing I know, I was in intensive care at St. John’s Hospital for four days. It’s stupid!" While filming a fight scene with actor Steve Austin in ''The Expendables'', he broke his neck, which required the insertion of a metal plate.

Filmography

''Also see Sylvester Stallone filmography.'' ''Stop

rowspan=2	Year	Film	Credited as				Role	Notes
Director	Producer		Writer	Actor
rowspan="2"	1970	''The Party at Kitty and Stud's''					Stud
					Jerry Savage
	Bananas (film)>Bananas''					Subway Thug No.1	Uncredited
''Klute''					Discothèque Patron	Uncredited
1974	''The Lords of Flatbush''					Stanley Rosiello	Writer (additional dialogue)
rowspan="7"	1975	''The Prisoner of Second Avenue''					Youth in Park
''Capone (film)	Capone''					Frank Nitti
''Death Race 2000''					Machine Gun Joe Viterbo
''Mandingo (film)	Mandingo''					Young Man in Crowd	Uncredited (Scenes deleted)
''Farewell, My Lovely (1975 film)	Farewell, My Lovely''					Jonnie
''Police Story (TV series)	Police Story''					Caddo	TV series (1 episode)
''Kojak''					Detective Rick Daly
	Cannonball (film)>Cannonball''					Mafioso	Uncredited
''Rocky''					Rocky Balboa	Writer
rowspan="2"	1978	''F.I.S.T.''					Johnny D. Kovak	Screenplay
''Paradise Alley''					Cosmo Carboni	Director and Writer
1979	''Rocky II''					Rocky Balboa	Director and Writer
rowspan="2"	1981	Nighthawks (film)>Nighthawks''					Det. Sgt. Deke DaSilva
''Escape to Victory''					Captain Robert Hatch
rowspan="2"	1982	''Rocky III''					Rocky Balboa	Director and Writer
''First Blood''						Screenplay
1983	''Staying Alive''					Man on Street	Cameo; Uncredited, Director, Producer and Writer
1984	Rhinestone (film)>Rhinestone''					Nick Martinelli	Screenplay
1985	''Rambo: First Blood Part II''						Screenplay
1985	''Rocky IV''					Rocky Balboa	Director and Writer
1986	Cobra (1986 film)>Cobra''					Lieutenant Marion 'Cobra' Cobretti	Screenplay
1987	Over the Top (film)>Over the Top''					Lincoln Hawk	Screenplay
1988	''Rambo III''						Writer
rowspan="2"	1989	Lock Up (film)>Lock Up''					Frank Leone
''Tango & Cash''					Raymond 'Ray' Tango
1990	''Rocky V''					Rocky Balboa	Writer
1991	Oscar (1991 film)>Oscar''					Angelo 'Snaps' Provolone
1992	Or My Mom Will Shoot''					Sgt. Joe Bomowski
	Cliffhanger (film)>Cliffhanger''					Gabe Walker	Screenplay
''Demolition Man (film)	Demolition Man''					John Spartan
1994	''The Specialist''					Ray Quick
rowspan="3"	1995''
''Assassins (1995 film)	Assassins''					Robert Rath
''Your Studio and You''					Himself
1996	Daylight (film)>Daylight''					Kit Latura
rowspan="3"	1997	The Good Life (1997 film)>The Good Life''					Boss	not released
''Men In Black (film)	Men In Black''					Alien on TV Monitors	Cameo; uncredited
''Cop Land''					Sheriff Freddy Heflin
rowspan=2	1998	''Antz''					Weaver	Voice
''An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn''					Himself
2000	Get Carter (2000 film)>Get Carter''					Jack Carter
2001	''Driven''					Joe Tanto	Producer and Screenplay
rowspan="3"	2002	''Liberty's Kids''					Paul Revere	TV series (1 episode)
''D-Tox''					Jake Malloy
''Avenging Angelo''					Frankie Delano
rowspan="3"	2003	''Taxi 3''					Passenger to Airport	Cameo; Uncredited
''Shade (film)	Shade''					Dean 'The Dean' Stevens
''Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over''
2005	Las Vegas (TV series)>Las Vegas''					Frank the Repairman	TV Series (2 episodes)
2006	Rocky Balboa (film)>Rocky Balboa''					Rocky Balboa	Director and Writer
2008	Rambo (film)>Rambo''						Director and Writer
2009	''Kambakkht Ishq''					Himself	Cameo
2010	The Expendables (2010 film)>The Expendables''					Barney Ross	Director and Writer
2011	Zookeeper (film)>Zookeeper''					Lion	Voice
2012	''The Expendables 2''					Barney Ross
2012	''Bullet to the Head''						''Hitman''

References

External links

Category:1946 births Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American film directors of Italian descent Category:Actors from Maryland Category:Actors from New York City Category:Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:American people of French descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American people of Russian descent Category:American people of Sicilian descent Category:American screenwriters Category:American television actors Category:Charlotte Hall Military Academy alumni Category:International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees Category:Living people Category:New York Republicans Category:People from Silver Spring, Maryland Category:University of Miami alumni

ar:سÙ?Ù„Ù?ستر ستالون an:Sylvester Stallone az:Silvestr Stallone bn:সিলভেসà§?টার সà§?টà§?যালোন be:СільвеÑ?Ñ‚Ñ?Ñ€ Сталоне bs:Sylvester Stallone bg:СилвеÑ?Ñ‚Ñ?Ñ€ Сталоун ca:Sylvester Stallone cs:Sylvester Stallone cy:Sylvester Stallone da:Sylvester Stallone de:Sylvester Stallone et:Sylvester Stallone el:ΣιλβέστεÏ? Σταλόνε es:Sylvester Stallone eo:Sylvester Stallone eu:Sylvester Stallone fa:سیلوستر استالونه fr:Sylvester Stallone ga:Sylvester Stallone gv:Sylvester Stallone gd:Sylvester Stallone gl:Sylvester Stallone gu:સિલà«?વેસà«?ટર સà«?ટેલોન ko:실베ì?¤í„° ì?¤íƒ¤ë¡  hi:सिलà¥?वेसà¥?टर सà¥?टेलोन hr:Sylvester Stallone io:Sylvester Stallone id:Sylvester Stallone is:Sylvester Stallone it:Sylvester Stallone he:סילבסטר סט×?לון kn:ಸಿಲà³?ವಿಸà³?ಟರà³? ಸà³?ಟಲà³?ಲೋನà³? sw:Sylvester Stallone la:Sylvester Stallone lv:Silvestrs Stallone lt:Sylvester Stallone hu:Sylvester Stallone ml:സിൽവെസàµ?à´±àµ?റർ à´¸àµ?à´±àµ?റാലോൺ nl:Sylvester Stallone ja:シルヴェスター・スタローン no:Sylvester Stallone nn:Sylvester Stallone uz:Sylvester Stallone pl:Sylvester Stallone pt:Sylvester Stallone ro:Sylvester Stallone ru:Сталлоне, СильвеÑ?Ñ‚Ñ€ sq:Sylvester Stallone simple:Sylvester Stallone sk:Sylvester Stallone sl:Sylvester Stallone srn:Sylvester Stallone sr:СилвеÑ?тер Сталоне sh:Sylvester Stallone fi:Sylvester Stallone sv:Sylvester Stallone tl:Sylvester Stallone ta:à®?ிலà¯?வெஸà¯?டரà¯? ஸà¯?டாலோனà¯? th:ซิลเวสเตอร์ สตอลโลน tr:Sylvester Stallone uk:СільвеÑ?тер Сталлоне vi:Sylvester Stallone yo:Sylvester Stallone zh:席維斯·å?²ç‰¹é¾?