name	Mani Ratnam
size	200px
years active	1983–present
birth date	June 02, 1956, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
birth name	Gopala Ratnam Subramaniam Iyer
residence	Alwarpet, Chennai, India
occupation	Film DirectorFilm ProducerScreenwriter
spouse	Suhasini(1988-Present)
children	Nandhan }}

Mani Ratnam (; born Gopala Ratnam Subramaniam Iyer on 2 June 1956) is an Indian filmmaker, screenwriter and producer. He made his directorial debut with the Kannada film ''Pallavi Anu Pallavi'' starring Anil Kapoor in 1983. Directing landmark films such as ''Mouna Raagam'' (1986), ''Nayagan'' (1987), ''Anjali'' (1990), ''Thalapathi'' (1991), ''Iruvar'' (1997), ''Alaipayuthey'' (2000), ''Kannathil Muthamittal'' (2002), ''Yuva'' (2004), ''Guru'' (2007), and his ''terrorism trilogy'' consisting of ''Roja'' (1992), ''Bombay'' (1995) and ''Dil Se'' (1998), he went on to become one of the leading directors in Indian Cinema Ratnam is widely credited with having revolutionised the Tamil film industry and altering the profile of Indian cinema.

His films ''Nayagan'' (1987) and ''Anjali'' (1990) were submitted by India in contest for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Ratnam has won multiple National Film Awards, five Filmfare Awards (South), four Filmfare Awards (Hindi), and twelve international film festival awards. His Tamil movie ''Nayagan'', Satyajit Ray's Apu trilogy and Guru Dutt's ''Pyaasa'' are the only Indian films that have appeared in ''TIME Magazine's'' All-Time 100 Greatest Movies. His film ''Roja'' was the only Indian film to feature in TIME Magazine's "10 Best Soundtracks" of all time. In 2003 BBC International poll, people from 155 countries voted "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from his 1991 film ''Thalapathi'' as fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.

Early life and education

Mani Ratnam was born in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, to Iyer parents. His actual name is Gopala Ratnam Subramaniam Iyer. He attended Vidya Mandir Senior Secondary School, Chennai. After graduating with a degree in Commerce from Vivekananda College, University of Madras, and an MBA from Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, he embarked on a career as a management consultant before becoming a filmmaker. He got into film direction with the help of his late brother, film producer G. Venkateswaran.

Career

Ratnam is particularly known for his eye for technical detail in the art of film making, having worked with and also introduced some of the best music directors, cinematographers, art directors, dialogue writers and editors in India. Several international papers and books have been published on his critically acclaimed movies.

1980s

Mani Ratnam's directorial debut was in 1983, through the Kannada film ''Pallavi Anu Pallavi'', starring Anil Kapoor. Mani Ratnam managed to persuade acclaimed director and cinematographer Balu Mahendra to serve as his cinematographer. The film boldly explored the nature of a relationship between a young man and an older woman. The film did not perform well at the box office but its brilliant score by Ilaiyaraaja became hugely popular. His following efforts were the Malayalam film ''Unaru'' (1984), which starred Mohanlal, and then two Tamil films, ''Pagal Nilavu'' and ''Idaya Kovil.'' All these films were average performers although they had strong music scores by Ilaiyaraaja, which became hits.

In 1986, Mani finally attained commercial success in Tamil Nadu through the Tamil language romantic drama ''Mouna Raagam'' with Revathi and Mohan. The film told the story of the friction between a newly-wed couple, and remains famous to date as a relevant and realistic portrayal of romance among urban Tamils. Its score by Ilaiyaraaja became a huge success upon release. It was subsequently dubbed into Telugu under the same title and went to become a hit in Andhra Pradesh as well. Mani's status was elevated further a year later writing ''Nayagan'', directing Kamal Haasan for the film, which went on to become a huge success. Many Indian critics dubbed it as India's answer to the cult ''The Godfather''. The film, which tells the story of an orphaned slum dweller and his rise to top of the Mumbai underworld hierarchy, was included in ''TIME Magazine's'' All-Time 100 Greatest Movies. The story was inspired by the real life story of underworld king Varadarajan Mudaliar.

Late 1980s and 1990s

With commercial success coming back to back, Ratnam wrote and directed ''Agni Natchathiram''. The film was notable for use of new techniques in terms of camera framework, especially during the shoot of songs in the film. The film had a successful run in the box office. Mani later returned to familiar territory of winning critical acclaim through his next film. Until then, Mani had made films in Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada languages, and a Telugu film would mark a milestone of having directed films in all South Indian languages. Thus Mani opted to do his next project in Telugu, and it was titled ''Geethanjali''. The film which starred Nagarjuna in the lead role told the story of an ill-fated couple who are both suffering from terminal diseases. Ratnam maintained a momentum of making emotional stories of undeserved people through the Raghuvaran starring Chennai release ''Anjali'' in 1990. The film told the story of an autistic child and how she changed the lives of people in colony. Mani later made another underworld-themed Tamil film with ''Thalapathi'' in 1991 starring Rajinikanth and Mammootty. With a theme of friendship between a local don and a slum king, ''Thalapathi'' earned both critical acclaim and commercial success upon release.'' Thalapathi '', based on the legend of Mahabharata, ran into trouble when news leaked that the character of Karna, portrayed by Rajinikanth, would die in the end. The climax was altered to appease the fan base of the Rajinikanth.

With ''Thalapathi'', Mani ended his long term association with music director Ilaiyaraaja, bringing in debutant music director A. R. Rahman to score for his Tamil classic ''Roja''. It turned out to be Mani's greatest find, as Rahman went on to become a musical legend on his own right in the annals of Indian and International cinema. ''Roja'', a romantic film, tackled themes of terrorism in the regions of Kashmir. The film – starring Arvind Swamy and Madhoo – was released in 1992 and nominated for the Golden St. George Award at the Moscow International Film Festival; it became so popular that it was dubbed into other languages and met similar success in other regions. Mani then took a more light-hearted approach with his next film – ''Thiruda Thiruda''. Scripted by Ram Gopal Varma, the film saw the exploration of action thriller, a departure from the norm for Ratnam, and fared less well at the box office. In 1994, a retrospective of his Tamil films was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival. Meanwhile, Ratnam again teamed up with Ram Gopal Varma to provide the screenplay for the latter's Telugu film Gaayam, a socio-politico film loosely based on The Godfather. In 1995, Ratnam returned to Tamil language drama. ''Bombay'' starring Arvind Swamy and Manisha Koirala told the story of a Hindu-Muslim couple in the midst of the 1993 religious Bombay riots and bombings. The film was met with controversy and censorship upon release. However ''Bombay'' was financially very successful and well appreciated by the critics. It won the Special Award from the Political Film Society, the Wim Van Leer In Spirit of Freedom Award at the Jerusalem International Film Festival and the Gala Award at the Edinburgh International Film Festival. Then came his third part of "Terrorism Trilogy" in 1998 named Dil Se starring Superstar Shahrukh Khan and another movie collaboration with Manisha Koirala after Bombay. Unlike previous two movies, this movie did average business in Indian Market but was hit in overseas market. This Film gained cult status just after it released and this movie was screened in many International Film Festivals and won Netpac Special Mention award in Berlin Film Festival. This movie showed the relationship between an young and obsessed lover boy and dangerous and disturbed lady,although both loved each other but girl was not able to accept that truth because she was disturbed by her dark past and this role (Of Meghana) was very beautifully delivered by Manisha koirala that she got her fourth filmfare nomination for best female Actress in 1999. The album was again composed by A. R. Rahman and this whole album was very popular amongst the masses so much that all songs of this album became chartbuster of year 1998 and gave Rahman his next Filmfare Award for best Music Direction in 1999. This album also marked the beginning of a famed collaboration between playback singer Lata Mangeshkar and Rahman.

2000–present

Ratnam's following effort, ''Kannathil Muthamittal'', was the story of a child of Sri Lankan Tamil parentage adopted by Indian parents, who desires to meet her biological mother during the midst of the Sri Lankan Civil War. The film was a critically lauded commercial success, winning six National Film Awards, Ratnam's second Filmfare Award South for directing, his second In Spirit for Freedom Award at the Jerusalem Film Festival and an award at the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles. In 2004, Mani made his second Hindi language effort with ''Yuva.'' The film, which tells the story of three different youths and how one incident sends their three lives on a collision course, received positive reviews and was a hit in the box office. Ratnam also made the film simultaneously in Tamil as ''Aayutha Ezhuthu'', starring Surya Sivakumar, R. Madhavan and Siddharth replacing Ajay Devgn, Abhishek Bachchan and Vivek Oberoi respectively. The film was an average at the Tamil box office, but critics favored the Tamil version over the Hindi version. Ratnam also had his first heart attack during shooting for ''Yuva''.

2007 saw Ratnam direct the Madras Talkies production ''Guru'' starring Abhishek Bachchan. It became one of 2007's biggest hits. In 2010 Ratnam worked on a big-budget bilingual being made in Tamil and Hindi. The films are titled ''Raavanan'' in Tamil and ''Raavan'' in Hindi. The Tamil version was dubbed into Telugu as Villain. The film released worldwide on June 18, 2010.

The film is loosely based on the Hindu epic "Ramayana" and happened over a period of 14 days where the character Beera kidnaps the wife of a cop to avenge his sister's death. The Tamil version received better reviews than the Hindi version, based mainly on the lead's performance. The Hindi version of the film received mostly negative reviews and was a failure at the box office.The film received critical acclaims in America,Europe and southern part of India.The NY times called the movie a "critics' pick".Bollywood reviewers overall rated the movie very poorly,Taran Adarsh said "On the whole, ''Raavan'' is a king-sized disappointment, in terms of content" and Rajiv Masand said "...is a crushing bore of a film, a disappointment on virtually every count" while another reviewer Raja Sen commented "It's profoundly sad to see a filmmaker of Ratnam's calibre reduced to this". The Tamil version was declared a box office success. The contrasting response to the same film on the either side of the vindhyas is not surprising,as many films in the past,that have followed this trend.This can be attributed to different expectations and tastes of the audiences. Some reviewers (National Award Winning Baradwaj Rangan) found this to be Mani's best work thus far.

Mani Ratnam received the Glory to the Filmmaker! Award at the 67th Venice Film Festival on September 6, 2010. The ceremony was followed by a screening of ''Raavanan'' in Tamil. His wife, Suhasini Maniratnam and actor Vikram Kennedy were also present at the ceremony.

Film-making style

Mani Ratnam often makes movies inspired by real-life events & famous epics: ''Nayagan'' is loosely based on Varadarajan Mudaliar, an underworld Don in Mumbai at that time; ''Bombay'' is based on the ethnic war between Hindus and Muslims in Mumbai. ''Iruvar'' is based on Tamil Nadu political and cinematic icons M. G. Ramachandran and M. Karunanidhi. His 2002 film ''Kannathil Muthamittal'' was based on the Sri Lankan Civil War and ''Aayutha Ezhuthu'' (2004) focussed on student politics. ''Guru'', released in 2007 was loosely based on the life of Dhirubhai Ambani. ''Thalapathi'', based on the Hindu-epic ''Mahabarata'' and ''Raavanan'' is said to be inspired by another Hindu epic, ''Ramayana''. His movies are notable for staccato dialogues. His movies often portray strong friendship. Examples are seen from Rajni - Mammootty in ''Thalapathi'', Suriya - Siddarth in ''Aayutha Ezhuthu'', Prasanth - Anand in ''Thiruda Thiruda'', Mohanlal - Prakash Raj in ''Iruvar'' and Kamal - Janakaraj in ''Nayagan''. He also revels in creating onscreen relationship tangles like Rajnikanth - Shobana - Arvind Swamy in ''Thalapathi'', Karthik - Revathi - Mohan in ''Mouna Raagam'', Prabhu - Karthik in ''Agni Natchathiram'' and Simran - Keerthana in ''Kannathil Muthamittal'' with the latest being that of Aishwarya Rai - Abhishek Bachchan - Vikram in ''Raavan''.

Family

Mani is the son of Gopal Ratnam, a film producer. Mani's brother, the late G. Venkateswaran, popularly known as G.V., was a noted film producer, as well. He married actress Suhasini, niece of Kamal Haasan and daughter of Charuhasan in 1988. They have a son named ''Nandhan''. Mani co-founded the independent production company Madras Talkies along with his brother G. Srinivasan who passed away in Manali on 27 May 2007. Ratnam lives in Alwarpet, Chennai, where he runs his production company Madras Talkies.

Awards & Honors

Mani Ratnam has won several National Film Awards, Filmfare Awards and International film awards. His film ''Geethanjali'' won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment. Other films like ''Mouna Raagam'', ''Anjali'' and ''Kannathil Muthamittal'' have won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil. ''Roja'' and ''Bombay'' have won the Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration. His films such as ''Bombay'', ''Iruvar'' and ''Kannathil Muthamittal'' have won International film awards and screened at various film festivals. In 2010, he was honoured with ''Jaeger-Lecoultre Glory To The Filmmaker'' at 67th Venice International Film Festival

Filmography

The following is the list of films directed by Mani Ratnam. Many of his films have been remade or dubbed in several languages, mostly in Telugu and Hindi.

!Year	!Film	Film director>Director	Film producer>Producer	Screenwriter>Writer	!Notes
align="center"	''Pallavi Anu Pallavi''
align="center"	''Unaru''
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Pagal Nilavu''
''Idaya Kovil''
align="center"	''Mouna Raagam''				National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
align="center"	''Nayagan''
align="center"	''Agni Natchathiram''
align="center"	''Geethanjali''				National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment
rowspan="2" align="center"
				National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
align="center"	''Thalapathi''
align="center"	''Roja''
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Gaayam''
''Thiruda Thiruda''
align="center"
align="center"	''Aasai''
align="center"
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Iruvar''
''Nerrukku Ner''
align="center"	''Dil Se''
align="center"	''Alaipayuthey''
align="center"
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Kannathil Muthamittal''				National Film Award for Best Feature Film in TamilFilmfare Award for Best Film – TamilFilmfare Award for Best Director – TamilTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best DirectorBest Film award at Jerusalem Film FestivalITFA Best Director AwardAudience Award for Best Feature Film at Indian Film Festival of Los AngelesAudience Choice Award for Narrative Competition at RiverRun International Film FestivalBest Picture at Zimbabwe International Film FestivalAudience Award, Jury Award and Special Award at Film Fest New HavenBest International Film at Westchester Film Festival
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Yuva''				Filmfare Critics Award for Best MovieFilmfare Award for Best ScreenplayNominated—Star Screen Award for Best DirectorNominated—Star Screen Award for Best Screenplay
align="center"					Filmfare Critics Award for Best MovieFilmfare Award for Best ScreenplayNominated—Star Screen Award for Best DirectorNominated—Star Screen Award for Best Screenplay
rowspan="2" align="center"	''Raavan''
align="center"	''Bloody Paki''				Announced

Stage productions

''Netru, Indru, Naalai'' (2006)

See also

Madras Talkies

List of films directed by Mani Ratnam featuring A. R. Rahman

References

Further reading

External links

Technical Analysis of Mani Ratnam Films

Mani Ratnam and A. R. Rahman

Mani Ratnam: Brief film descriptions

A Mani Ratnam Interview

Mani Ratnam - article and interview

Interview with Bharathan Kandaswamy and Mani Ratnam

Category:Indian film directors Category:1956 births Category:Living people Category:Indian Hindus Category:University of Madras alumni Category:Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies alumni Category:Tamil film directors Category:Tamil-language film directors Category:Tamil screenwriters Category:Tamil people Category:Indian film producers Category:People from Chennai Category:Indian screenwriters Category:Hindi-language film directors Category:National Film Award winners Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri

ca:Mani Ratnam de:Mani Ratnam fr:Mani Ratnam gu:મણિરત્નમ hi:मणिरत्नम् it:Mani Ratnam ml:മണിരത്നം mr:मणी रत्नम pl:Mani Ratnam simple:Mani Ratnam fi:Mani Ratnam ta:மணிரத்னம் te:మణిరత్నం

Surat ar-Rahman (Arabic: ) is the 55th sura of the Qur'an with 78 ayats. It has the refrain: "Then which of the favours of your Lord will you deny?"

Verse

Ar-Rahman is often regarded as the 'beauty of the Quran', in accordance with a hadith: Abdullah ibn Mas'ud reported that the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said, "''Everything has an adornment, and the adornment of the Qur'an is Surah ar Rahman''" [Bayhaqi in Shuab al Eiman]

The main theme of the Surah is giving manifestation and fruits to the attribution of Allah's mercy and grace, which is evident right from the beginning, till the very end.

الرَّحْمَنُ Ar'Reh'maan: Name of Allah

The Nouns in Arabic, whether Proper Nouns or Common Nouns, in their original/default state, as a rule are always "Nominative" or مرفوع i.e. the last consonant has a vowel sign as is here نُ.

The name is the code which gives the basic cognition of existence and presence of a thing and person. Hence name is the introduction for apparent/initial recognition of a thing and person. Cognition of the code/name of a thing or person is the elementary/first step in gaining knowledge about the thing or person. Name of a thing or person gives it or him a vivid distinction from all other things and persons and makes it or him distinguished/identified/definite/isolated [معرفة] and grants an ability to others to identify and describe/ remember/recall and/or mention-refer it or him to others. The name/code serves as a basis/foundation for others to enquire and study about it to gain further knowledge.

Attributive names/adjectival descriptions give further information, insight and knowledge about the thing or person introduced by a Personal Name. These are complimentary in nature and help to acquaint others about the inner-self [بَاطِن] of the named object or person/being. Every person and thing/object that exists has two aspects, the one evidently apparent [ظَاهر] notwithstanding whether or not it is in the range of focus of someone, and the other is the inner-self, hidden, infolded, not apparent but invisibly embedded therein [بَاطِن].

The evidently apparent [ظَاهر] is the reflection of the fact of existence, and its cognition and reference is by the Name. The pursuit-journey of knowledge is from cognition of existence/Name towards knowing and perceiving the inner-self [بَاطِن] of that which exists and its relationships and equations with all that exists. We cannot have the absolute knowledge of anything and person/being unless we know its/his inner-self [بَاطِن], after its cognition, i.e. introductory knowledge of its Name.

Once we know the inner-self, all that is secreted, hidden and its relationships with everything else, we know that thing and Person in near absolute sense. Thereupon, it or He becomes more visible and apparent than the shining sun in a bright and clear day, even without being physically in visual sight, the [ظَاهر] aspect of Him. Therefore, we know Him/him with such conviction, which is the absolute-exalted end of the knowledge. This type of knowledge, with reference to personalities, can be attained only about two, Ar'Reh'maan, the Exalted and Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam-The Mercy Personified, since the بَاطِن of both is quite extensively visible to us all around and through the courtesy of Grand Qur'aan.

Personal Names that introduce and grant cognition of an existing personality, unlike attributive/ adjectival names/descriptions, never have duality and plurality, and neither with personal names is done the process of feminization or masculinization.

A peculiar and distinguishing feature of Arabic language is that, unlike other languages say English and Urdu in which the adjective comes first-prioritized than the described one, the مُوْصُوف/the one who is being described/portrayed is always mentioned first followed by the صِفَة/Adjective. Arabic, the language of our Guide Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam, is a language of truth and fact. مُوْصُوف/the one being described/portrayed is mentioned first since he is First in Existence and it is always the مُوْصُوف who has either inherently and intrinsically the mentionedصِفَة/adjective, quality, trait, or has acquired/adopted it. Hence Proper Nouns/Personal Names are NEVER placed at a secondary place as an adjective in the Adjectival Phrases.

الرَّحْمَنُ-Ar'Reh'maan is the Personal Name of Allah. It is unique, exclusive, unprecedented [19:65]; this has no parallel, no dual, no plural, no feminine equivalent. In Grand Qur'aan it is never placed as second noun of Adjectival Phrase, and nor one will find it in any Arabic literature mentioned as second noun of Adjectival Phrase.

Personal Names are also not the first noun [مضاف] of possessive construction/genitive phrases [الاضافة]. They are always second noun [مضاف اليه] in possessive phrases. One will never find الرَّحْمَنُ the Personal Name of Allah having been used as first noun [مضاف] of possessive construction/genitive phrases.

The fundamental and simple features and principles of Arabic language vividly reflect that الرَّحْمَنُ cannot be considered and perceived except as Proper Name. But in consideration of the fact that there has been a debate, spreading over thousands of pages, over this Peculiar Name of Allah, we may, without indulging into merits of controversy, request the Grand Qur'aan to let us know whether this is the Personal Name of Allah or it could be stretched and considered as an Adjectival Name attributing a qualitative trait.

The Grand Qur'aan unambiguously explains to us, in various references and contexts that this is but the Unique and Exclusively the Personal Name of Allah Who is the Sustainer Lord of all that exists. Some of contexts and references are as under:-

2. Surrender and allegiance is by the Title and/or Personal Name of Master-Lord; not by adjectival names. 2.1 Subject [عَبْد plural عباد] is identified only by the Title-Allah and Personal Name-Ar'Reh'maan of his Lord.

3. Creator of a thing is identified and referred only by Title-Allah and Personal Name Ar'Reh'maan.

4. Prostration-obeisance is before and for the Person, and not for his traits.

5. One is mentioned by Title and Personal Name who adorns the Throne/Seat of Sovereignty and not by adjectival.

6. A person makes a promise. Promise-maker finds mention by his title or personal name.

7. An agreement, treaty, compact, pact of obligation is with reference to Title or Personal Name.

8. Fear is induced by a perceived threat from a specific stimulus-Being or a named object.

9. Mention of Permission, Authorization, and Proclamation is always by the Title or Name of the authority.

10. People relate a son [very as well adopted] with Personal Name of the one with whom they relate a son.

[For detailed study kindly see the Link on 01-Surat Fateh "Word by Word Analysis"

Recitation

http://www.facebook.com/pages/Surat-Al-Rahman/142565212521005?sk=info

By---Tafseet e Qurrtabi

Surah Ar-Rahman In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

The Most Gracious (Allâh)! (1) He has taught (you mankind) the Qur'ân (by His Mercy). (2) He created man. (3) He taught him eloquent speech. (4) The sun and the moon run on their fixed courses (exactly) calculated with measured out stages for each (for reckoning). (5) And the herbs (or stars) and the trees both prostrate themselves. (to Allah. See V.22:18). (Tafsir Ibn Kathir) (6) And the heaven He has raised it high, and He has set up the Balance. (7) In order that you may not transgress (due) balance. (8) And observe the weight with equity and do not make the balance deficient. (9)And the earth He has put down (laid) for the creatures. (10) Therein are fruits, date-palms producing sheathed fruit-stalks (enclosing dates). (11)And also corn, with (its) leaves and stalk for fodder, and sweet-scented plants. (12) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (13) He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of pottery. (14) And the jinn He created from a smokeless flame of fire. (15)Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (16) (He is) the Lord of the two easts (places of sunrise during early summer and early winter) and the Lord of the two wests (places of sunset during early summer and early winter). (17) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (18) He has let loose the two seas (the salt and the fresh water) meeting together. (19) Between them is a barrier which none of them can transgress. (20) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (21) Out of them both come out pearl and coral. (22) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (23) And His are the ships going and coming in the seas, like mountains. (24) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (25) Whatsoever is on it (the earth) will perish. (26) And the Face of your Lord full of Majesty and Honour will remain forever. (27) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (28) Whosoever is in the heavens and on earth begs of Him (its needs from Him). Every day He is (engaged) in some affair (such as giving honour or disgrace to some, life or death to some, etc.)! (29)Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (30) We shall attend to you, O you two classes (jinn and men)! (31) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (32)O assembly of jinn and men! If you have power to pass beyond the zones of the heavens and the earth, then pass beyond (them)! But you will never be able to pass them, except with authority (from Allâh)! (33) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (34) There will be sent against you both, smokeless flames of fire and (molten) brass, and you will not be able to defend yourselves. (35) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (36) Then when the heaven is rent asunder, and it becomes rosy or red like red-oil, or red hide — (See V.70:8|) (37) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (38) So on that Day no question will be asked of man or jinni as to his sin, [because they have already been known from their faces either white (dwellers of Paradise - true believers of Islamic Monotheism) or black (dwellers of Hell - polytheists; disbelievers, criminals)]. (39) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (40) The Mujrimûn (polytheists, criminals, sinners) will be known by their marks (black faces), and they will be seized by their forelocks and their feet. (41) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (42) This is Hell which the Mujrimûn (polytheists, criminals, sinners) denied. (43) They will go between it (Hell) and the fierce boiling water! (44) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (45) But for him who fears the standing before his Lord, there will be two Gardens (i.e. in Paradise). (46) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (47) With spreading branches. (48) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (49) In them (both) will be two springs flowing (free). (50) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (51)In them (both) will be every kind of fruit in pairs. (52) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (53) Reclining upon the couches lined with silk brocade, and the fruits of the two Gardens will be near at hand. (54) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (55) Wherein both will be Qasirat-ut-Tarf [chaste fmales (wives) restraining their glances, desiring none except their husbands], with whom no man or jinni has had Tamth[] before them. (56)Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (57) (In beauty) they are like rubies and coral. (58) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (59) Is there any reward for good other than good? (60) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (61) And besides these two, there are two other Gardens (i.e. in Paradise). (62) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (63) Dark green (in colour). (64) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (65) In them (both) will be two springs gushing forth. (66) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (67)In them (both) will be fruits, and date- palms and pomegranates. (68) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (69)Therein (Gardens) will be Khairâtun-Hisân [fair (wives) good and beautiful]. (70) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (71) Hûr[] (beautiful, fair females) guarded in pavilions; (72) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (73)With Whom no man or jinni has had Tamth[] before them. (74) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (75)Reclining on green cushions and rich beautiful mattresses. (76) Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny? (77)Blessed is the Name of your Lord (Allâh), the Owner of Majesty and Honor. (78)

بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنُ (١) عَلَّمَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ (٢) خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ (٣) عَلَّمَهُ ٱلۡبَيَانَ (٤) ٱلشَّمۡسُ وَٱلۡقَمَرُ بِحُسۡبَانٍ۬ (٥) وَٱلنَّجۡمُ وَٱلشَّجَرُ يَسۡجُدَانِ (٦) وَٱلسَّمَآءَ رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ ٱلۡمِيزَانَ (٧) أَلَّا تَطۡغَوۡاْ فِى ٱلۡمِيزَانِ (٨) وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلۡوَزۡنَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ وَلَا تُخۡسِرُواْ ٱلۡمِيزَانَ (٩) وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلۡأَنَامِ (١٠) فِيہَا فَـٰكِهَةٌ۬ وَٱلنَّخۡلُ ذَاتُ ٱلۡأَكۡمَامِ (١١) وَٱلۡحَبُّ ذُو ٱلۡعَصۡفِ وَٱلرَّيۡحَانُ (١٢) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (١٣)خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ مِن صَلۡصَـٰلٍ۬ كَٱلۡفَخَّارِ (١٤) وَخَلَقَ ٱلۡجَآنَّ مِن مَّارِجٍ۬ مِّن نَّارٍ۬ (١٥) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (١٦) رَبُّ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقَيۡنِ وَرَبُّ ٱلۡمَغۡرِبَيۡنِ (١٧) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (١٨) مَرَجَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَيۡنِ يَلۡتَقِيَانِ (١٩) بَيۡنَہُمَا بَرۡزَخٌ۬ لَّا يَبۡغِيَانِ (٢٠) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٢١) يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡہُمَا ٱللُّؤۡلُؤُ وَٱلۡمَرۡجَانُ (٢٢) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٢٣) وَلَهُ ٱلۡجَوَارِ ٱلۡمُنشَـَٔاتُ فِى ٱلۡبَحۡرِ كَٱلۡأَعۡلَـٰمِ (٢٤) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٢٥)كُلُّ مَنۡ عَلَيۡہَا فَانٍ۬ (٢٦) وَيَبۡقَىٰ وَجۡهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو ٱلۡجَلَـٰلِ وَٱلۡإِكۡرَامِ (٢٧) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٢٨) يَسۡـَٔلُهُ ۥ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۚ كُلَّ يَوۡمٍ هُوَ فِى شَأۡنٍ۬ (٢٩) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٣٠) سَنَفۡرُغُ لَكُمۡ أَيُّهَ ٱلثَّقَلَانِ (٣١)فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٣٢) يَـٰمَعۡشَرَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ إِنِ ٱسۡتَطَعۡتُمۡ أَن تَنفُذُواْ مِنۡ أَقۡطَارِ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنفُذُواْ‌ۚ لَا تَنفُذُونَ إِلَّا بِسُلۡطَـٰنٍ۬ (٣٣) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٣٤)يُرۡسَلُ عَلَيۡكُمَا شُوَاظٌ۬ مِّن نَّارٍ۬ وَنُحَاسٌ۬ فَلَا تَنتَصِرَانِ (٣٥) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٣٦)فَإِذَا ٱنشَقَّتِ ٱلسَّمَآءُ فَكَانَتۡ وَرۡدَةً۬ كَٱلدِّهَانِ (٣٧) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٣٨) فَيَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ۬ لَّا يُسۡـَٔلُ عَن ذَنۢبِهِۦۤ إِنسٌ۬ وَلَا جَآنٌّ۬ (٣٩) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّڪُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٠) يُعۡرَفُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ بِسِيمَـٰهُمۡ فَيُؤۡخَذُ بِٱلنَّوَٲصِى وَٱلۡأَقۡدَامِ (٤١) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٢) هَـٰذِهِۦ جَهَنَّمُ ٱلَّتِى يُكَذِّبُ بِہَا ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ (٤٣) يَطُوفُونَ بَيۡنَہَا وَبَيۡنَ حَمِيمٍ ءَانٍ۬ (٤٤) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٥)وَلِمَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ جَنَّتَانِ (٤٦) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٧) ذَوَاتَآ أَفۡنَانٍ۬ (٤٨) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٩) فِيہِمَا عَيۡنَانِ تَجۡرِيَانِ (٥٠)فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥١) فِيہِمَا مِن كُلِّ فَـٰكِهَةٍ۬ زَوۡجَانِ (٥٢) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥٣) مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ فُرُشِۭ بَطَآٮِٕنُہَا مِنۡ إِسۡتَبۡرَقٍ۬‌ۚ وَجَنَى ٱلۡجَنَّتَيۡنِ دَانٍ۬ (٥٤) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥٥) فِيہِنَّ قَـٰصِرَٲتُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ لَمۡ يَطۡمِثۡہُنَّ إِنسٌ۬ قَبۡلَهُمۡ وَلَا جَآنٌّ۬ (٥٦) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥٧) كَأَنَّہُنَّ ٱلۡيَاقُوتُ وَٱلۡمَرۡجَانُ (٥٨)فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥٩) هَلۡ جَزَآءُ ٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنِ إِلَّا ٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنُ (٦٠) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦١) وَمِن دُونِہِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (٦٢) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦٣) مُدۡهَآمَّتَانِ (٦٤) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦٥) فِيہِمَا عَيۡنَانِ نَضَّاخَتَانِ (٦٦) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦٧) فِيہِمَا فَـٰكِهَةٌ۬ وَنَخۡلٌ۬ وَرُمَّانٌ۬ (٦٨) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦٩) فِيہِنَّ خَيۡرَٲتٌ حِسَانٌ۬ (٧٠) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧١) حُورٌ۬ مَّقۡصُورَٲتٌ۬ فِى ٱلۡخِيَامِ (٧٢) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧٣) لَمۡ يَطۡمِثۡہُنَّ إِنسٌ۬ قَبۡلَهُمۡ وَلَا جَآنٌّ۬ (٧٤) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧٥) مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ رَفۡرَفٍ خُضۡرٍ۬ وَعَبۡقَرِىٍّ حِسَانٍ۬ (٧٦) فَبِأَىِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧٧) تَبَـٰرَكَ ٱسۡمُ رَبِّكَ ذِى ٱلۡجَلَـٰلِ وَٱلۡإِكۡرَامِ (٧

Translation

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

1. ((Allah)) Most Gracious!

2. It is He Who has taught the Qur'an.

3. He has created man:

4. He has taught him speech (and intelligence).

5. The sun and the moon follow courses (exactly) computed;

6. And the herbs and the trees - both (alike) bow in adoration.

7. And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the Balance (of Justice),

8. In order that ye may not transgress (due) balance.

9. So establish weight with justice and fall not short in the balance.

10. It is He Who has spread out the earth for (His) creatures:

11. Therein is fruit and date-palms, producing spathes (enclosing dates);

12. Also corn, with (its) leaves and stalk for fodder, and sweet-smelling plants.

13. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

14. He created man from sounding clay like unto pottery,

15. And He created Jinns from fire free of smoke:

16. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

17. (He is) Lord of the two Easts and Lord of the two Wests:

18. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

19. He has let free the two bodies of flowing water, meeting together:

20. Between them is a Barrier which they do not transgress:

21. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

22. Out of them come Pearls and Coral:

23. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

24. And His are the Ships sailing smoothly through the seas, lofty as mountains:

25. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

26. All that is on earth will perish:

27. But will abide (for ever) the Face of thy Lord,- full of Majesty, Bounty and Honour.

28. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

29. Of Him seeks (its need) every creature in the heavens and on earth: every day in (new) Splendour doth He (shine)!

30. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

31. Soon shall We settle your affairs, O both ye worlds!

32. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

33. O ye assembly of Jinns and men! If it be ye can pass beyond the zones of the heavens and the earth, pass ye! not without authority shall ye be able to pass!

34. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

35. On you will be sent (O ye evil ones twain!) a flame of fire (to burn) and a smoke (to choke): no defence will ye have:

36. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

37. When the sky is rent asunder, and it becomes red like ointment:

38. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

39. On that Day no question will be asked of man or Jinn as to his sin.

40. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

41. (For) the sinners will be known by their marks: and they will be seized by their forelocks and their feet.

42. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

43. This is the Hell which the Sinners deny:

44. In its midst and in the midst of boiling hot water will they wander round!

45. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

46. But for such as fear the time when they will stand before (the Judgment Seat of) their Lord, there will be two Gardens-

47. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

48. Containing all kinds (of trees and delights);-

49. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

50. In them (each) will be two Springs flowing (free);

51. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

52. In them will be Fruits of every kind, two and two.

53. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

54. They will recline on Carpets, whose inner linings will be of rich brocade: the Fruit of the Gardens will be near (and easy of reach).

55. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

56. In them will be (Maidens), chaste, restraining their glances, whom no man or Jinn before them has touched;-

57. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

58. Like unto Rubies and coral.

59. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

60. Is there any Reward for Good - other than Good?

61. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

62. And besides these two, there are two other Gardens,-

63. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

64. Dark-green in colour (from plentiful watering).

65. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

66. In them (each) will be two Springs pouring forth water in continuous abundance:

67. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

68. In them will be Fruits, and dates and pomegranates:

69. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

70. In them will be fair (Companions), good, beautiful;-

71. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

72. Companions restrained (as to their glances), in (goodly) pavilions;-

73. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

74. Whom no man or Jinn before them has touched;-

75. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?-

76. Reclining on green Cushions and rich Carpets of beauty.

77. Then which of the favours of your Lord will ye deny?

78. Blessed be the name of thy Lord, full of Majesty, Bounty and Honour.

[for linked study see the link on 01-Suray Fateh "Word by Word Analysis"

See also

References

External links

Exegesis of Surah Rahman

Read Surah Ar-Rahman in many languages www.SearchTruth.com

Rahman Rahman

ar:سورة الرحمن az:Rəhman surəsi bs:Er-Rahman fa:الرحمن hi:अर-रहमान id:Surah Ar-Rahman ku:Rehman ml:റഹ്‌മാൻ mzn:الرحمان ms:Surah Ar-Rahman nl:Soera De Erbarmer ce:Сура Къинхетамениг ps:سورة الرحمن pt:Ar-Rahman ru:Сура Ар-Рахман sl:Usmiljeni (sura) sv:Ar-Rahman tr:Rahman Suresi ur:الرحمٰن

name	Soundarya Rajinikanth
birth name	Soundarya Rajinikanth
birth date	September 20, 1984
birth place	Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
othername	Soundarya Ashwin
yearsactive	2002-present
spouse	Ashwin Ramkumar (2010-present)
occupation	Graphic designer, film producer, director
website	}}

Soundarya Rajinikanth Ashwin (; born 20 September 1984) is a film graphic designer, producer and director in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India who has contributed in several Tamil films. Soundarya Rajinikanth is most popularly known for her work in ''Anbe Aaruyire''. She is the younger daughter of film actor Rajinikanth and entrepreneur, Latha Rajinikanth.

Career

Soundarya is also the founder and chief executive of Ocher Picture Productions. In 2007, Ocher Studios signed an agreement with Warner Bros. Entertainment to partner up in producing and distributing Tamil films.

Personal life

Soundarya is the younger daughter of Rajinikanth and his wife Latha Rajinikanth. Soundarya married Ashwin Ramkumar, an industrialist, on September 3, 2010. Soundarya and Ashwin Ramkumar have known each other for about 4 years. Their marriage was held at Rani Meyyammai Hall in Chennai. Her elder sister Aishwarya Rajinikanth is married to actor Dhanush, and the couple have two sons, Yathra and Linga.

Filmography

As graphic designer

Year !! Film !! Notes
2002	Baba (2002 film)>Baba''	Title only
rowspan="4"	2005	''Anbe Aaruyire''
''Majaa''
''Sandakoli(2005 film)	Sandakozhi''
''Chandramukhi''	Title only
2006	Sivakasi (film)>Sivakasi''
rowspan="2"	2007	''Chennai 600028''
''Sivaji (film)	Sivaji''	Title only
rowspan="2"	2012	Rana (film)>Rana''
''Hara (film)	Hara''	DelayedAlso director and producer

As producer

Year !! Film !! Notes
2010	Goa (film)>Goa''
rowspan="2"	2012	Rana (film)>Rana''
''Hara (film)	Hara''	DelayedAlso director and graphic designer

As director

Year !! Film !! Notes
2010	''Hara''	DelayedAlso producer and graphic designer

As actor

Year !! Film !! Role !! Notes
2008	''Kuselan''	As herself

References

External links

Category:Living people Category:Tamil actors Category:Indian film actors Category:Indian film producers Category:Indian film directors Category:People from Chennai Category:Indian women film directors Category:Tamil film directors Category:1984 births

ml:സൗന്ദര്യ രജനികാന്ത്

name	Kamal Haasan
birth name	Kamal Haasan
birth date	November 07, 1954
birth place	Paramakudi, Madras State, India
residence	Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
occupation	Film actor, producer, director, screenwriter, songwriter, playback singer, lyricist
yearsactive	1959–present
spouse	Vani Ganapathy(1978–1988)Sarika Haasan(1988–2004)
domesticpartner	Gouthami Tadimalla (2004–present)
children	Shruti Haasan (born 1986)Akshara Haasan (born 1991) }}

Kamal Haasan (; born 7 November 1954) is an Indian film actor, screenwriter, and director, considered to be one of the leading method actors of Indian cinema. He is widely acclaimed as an actor and is well known for his versatility in acting. Kamal Haasan has won several Indian film awards, including four National Film Awards and numerous Filmfare Awards, and is known for having starred in the largest number of films submitted by India in contest for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. In addition to acting, screenwriting and directing, he has also featured in films as a songwriter, playback singer, choreographer and lyricist. His film production company, Rajkamal International, has produced several of his films. In 2009, he became one of very few Indian actors to have completed 50 years in cinema. Kamal Haasan is also a recipient of an Honorary doctorate by Sathyabama University.

After several projects as a child artist, Kamal Haasan's breakthrough into lead acting came with his role in the 1975 drama ''Apoorva Raagangal'', in which he played a rebellious youth in love with an older woman. He secured his second Indian National Film Award for his portrayal of a guileless school teacher who tends a child-like amnesiac in 1982's ''Moondram Pirai''. He was particularly noted for his performance in Mani Ratnam's Godfatheresque Tamil film ''Nayagan'' (1987), which was ranked by ''Time'' magazine as one of the best films of all time. Since then he has gone on to appear in other notable films such as his own productions, ''Hey Ram'' and ''Virumaandi'', as well as the ''Dasavathaaram'', in which he appeared in ten distinct roles.

Career

Debut as child artiste: 1959-1963

After shifting from Paramakudi with his family for his mother's medical treatment, Kamal Haasan was enrolled at Holy Angels school in T. Nagar. As a child, he became interested in dance. There are two versions regarding his entry into films. One version has it that, as a little boy, he accompanied a doctor who went to treat an ill woman at the home of movie mogul A V Meyyappa Chettiar (father of AVM Saravanan). On hearing loud shouting from a first-floor tenant of the bungalow, the doctor became uneasy. Young Kamal Haasan strode up the stairway to ask the noisemaker not to shout over the phone as someone was ill, leaving the person astonished. An impressed Meyyappa Chettiar later provided him an entry into films. The other version is that when young boy Kamal Haasan accompanied a family doctor of Meyyappa Chettiar to his house, producer AVM Saravanan noticed Kamal as a hyperactive child. She took him over and introduced to AV Meyyappa Chettiar who was looking for a young boy to play a role in the movie ''Kalathur Kannamma''.

Kamal Haasan made his film debut as a four-year-old child artist in ''Kalathur Kannamma'', which was directed by A. Bhimsingh and released on 12 August 1959. He was cast along with the veteran Tamil actor Gemini Ganesan, winning the National Film Award for Best Child Artist. He acted as a child actor in five other Tamil films in the subsequent few years co-starring with Sivaji Ganesan and M. G. Ramachandran. On seeing Kamal's interests in arts, his parents supported and helped him join the TKS Nataka Sabha, an old-style theatre. T. K. Shanmugam was Kamal's guru in the theatre. During this period, he continued with his school education at Hindu High School in Triplicane while still being a prominent part of the theatre troupe. He learned acting by watching his guru Shanmugam perform on stage and acquired his interest in make-up from Shanmugam.

Breakthrough and experimentation: 1970-1975

Following a seven-year hiatus from films, Haasan returned to the industry with the hope of joining the technical crew in films but was selected to appear in supporting roles in several films. He re-entered the film industry playing his first adult role in ''Maanavan'' (1970), appearing only for a dance sequence. It was followed by supporting roles in films such as, ''Annai Velankani'' for which he was also an assistant director. His first notable role was in K. Balachander's ''Arangetram'' (1973). He played antagonistic characters in ''Sollathaan Ninaikkiren'' and Gumasthavin Magal, both co-starring Sivakumar. His first character role was in ''Aval Oru Thodar Kathai'' (1974), another female-centric film of K. Balachander. After a few more films in Tamil, he did ''Naan Avan Illai'', which was the final supporting role before establishing himself as a lead actor.

He won his first regional Filmfare Award in his Malayalam debut film ''Kanyakumari'' (1974), in which he played the lead role. Soon he graduated to play lead roles. However, his first major break as a lead actor came in ''Apoorva Raagangal'', for which he also won his first Filmfare award in Tamil. The film dealt with the exploration of age-gap relationships and went on to win the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil. For his role, he learned the mridangam. It is considered as one of the all-time classics of Tamil cinema and was directed by his mentor, K. Balachander. The film also saw the entry of Rajnikanth, who would play prominent roles in several films of Haasan and later went on to become one of the most successful actors in the Tamil film industry.

Success in the south: 1976-1980

The late 1970s was a period that saw Haasan's continued collaboration with K. Balachander, who cast him in many of his social-themed films. In 1976, Balachander cast him as a womaniser trying to woo many women in ''Manmadha Leelai'' which was followed by ''Oru Oodhappu Kan Simittugiradhu'', which won him his second consecutive Regional Filmfare (Tamil) Best Actor Award. Later, Kamal Haasan appeared in the drama ''Moondru Mudichu'' with Rajinikanth and Sridevi, another Balachander film. ''Avargal'' (1977) was one of the most sensitive movies on woman liberation, for which he learnt the art of ventriloquism. The film was also remade in Telugu as ''Idi Katha Kaadu'' (1979) with Haasan repeating his role. ''16 Vayathinile'' won him his third consecutive best actor award, where he appeared as a village bumpkin, along with Rajinikanth and Sridevi. In 1977, he starred in his first Kannada film, ''Kokila'', which was the directorial debut of another friend and mentor, Balu Mahendra. The same year, he acted in a Bengali film, Kabita. In 1978, he debuted in the Telugu film industry as a lead actor with the cross-cultural romantic film, ''Maro Charithra'' directed by K. Balachander. The film was regarded a cult-classic and was also Haasan's first major hit. His fourth consecutive Filmfare award came with ''Sigappu Rojakkal'', an anti-hero thriller in which he played a psychopathic sexual killer.

Few of the other famous films in this period were the Telugu film ''Sommokadidhi Sokkadidhi'', where he played dual roles, the musical entertainer ''Ninaithale Inikkum'', the snake horror film ''Neeya'' and ''Kalyanaraman''.

At the end of this period, he had won six regional Best Actor Filmfare Awards, including four consecutive Best Tamil Actor Awards and became a famous actor in South India by having starred in all languages.

Bollywood foray: 1980s

Kamal Haasan's pairing with the actress Sridevi continued with Tamil classic ''Varumayin Niram Sigappu'' in 1980, where he played an unemployed youth. Kamal Haasan also made a guest–cameo appearance in the Rajnikanth's ''Thillu Mullu''. He made his Bollywood debut with ''Ek Duuje Ke Liye'', the remake of his Telugu-language film, ''Maro Charithra'', also by K. Balachander which earned him his first Filmfare nomination. He made his 100th film appearance in 1981 with ''Raja Paarvai'', which also marked his debut in film production. Despite this film's relatively poor reception at the cinemas, his portrayal of a blind session violinist earned him a Filmfare Award. Following a year of starring in commercially-oriented films, he won his first of three National Awards for Best Actor with his portrayal of a school teacher who looks after an amnesia patient in Balu Mahendra's ''Moondram Pirai'', alter reprising the role in the Hindi version, ''Sadma''. During this time he concentrated more in Bollywood acting in remakes of his Tamil films, most famously ''Yeh To Kamaal Ho Gaya'' and ''Zara Si Zindagi''. In 1983, he appeared in ''Sagara Sangamam'', directed by Kasinadhuni Viswanath. His portrayal as a drunkard classical dancer fetched him his first Nandi Award for Best Actor and second Filmfare Best Telugu Actor Award.

After the successful multi starrer ''Raaj Tilak'' in 1984, he acted in ''Saagar'', released in 1985, for which he was awarded both the Filmfare Best Actor Award and was nominated for a Best Supporting Actor Award at the same ceremony for this role. The film was India's representative for the Academy Award for the Best Foreign Language Film in 1985. ''Saagar'' portrayed him alongside Rishi Kapoor. The same year, he appeared in ''Geraftaar'' alongside Amitabh Bachchan. He featured in Tamil cinema's first sequel ''Japanil Kalyanaraman'', which followed up his previous ''Kalyanaraman''.

In 1986, he again colloborated with K. Vishwanath in ''Swathi Muthyam'' which portrayed him as an autistic person attempting to change society. The film was India's official entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the Academy Awards in 1986. The enormous response to these films in Tollywood helped him capture a strong audience in Andhra Pradesh, and many of his later Tamil films were regularly dubbed in Telugu. Following ''Punnagai Mannan'', in which he portrayed dual roles including a satire of Charlie Chaplin as Chaplin Chellappa and ''Vetri Vizha'' as an amnesiac, Kamal Haasan appeared in Mani Ratnam's 1987 film ''Nayagan''. ''Nayagan'' portrays the life of an underworld don in Bombay. The story revolved around the life of a real-life underworld don called Varadarajan Mudaliar, while sympathetically depicting the struggle of South Indians living in Mumbai. He received his third Indian National Award for his performance and ''Nayagan'' was nominated by India as its entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the Academy Awards in 1987. It was included in the Time top 100 movies list. In 1988, Kamal Haasan appeared in his only silent film to date, ''Pushpak'', a black comedy. In 1989, he appeared in three roles (one of which was that of a dwarf) in ''Apoorva Sagodharargal''. He then performed dual roles in ''Indrudu Chandrudu'', winning the Filmfare Best Actor Award and Nandi Awards for his performance. In 1989, Kamal Haasan starred in his last original Malayalam film as hero to date, titled ''Chanakyan''. The multi-starrer film was critically acclaimed and was a hit.

The 1980s saw the transformation of Kamal Haasan from a young heart-throb performer in Tamil films to a nationally acclaimed star appreciated for his method acting. By the end of 1980s, he had entered and tasted success in Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi film industries, had received Filmfare awards at each of these film industries, three National awards and had his performances recognized at international film festivals.

Tryst with comedy: 1990s

In 1990, ''Michael Madhana Kamarajan'' saw Kamal Haasan go one step further from ''Apoorva Sagodharargal'', acting in four different roles as quadruplets. It started an ongoing collaboration with Crazy Mohan, a dialogue writer, for future comedy films. The film became a blockbuster, and his portrayals were all critically praised; one cook role formed the crux for a future venture by his production house. Kamal Haasan won successive Best Actor awards for his portrayal of the deranged, obsessive protagonist in ''Guna'' and ''Thevar Magan'', where he played the son of actor Sivaji Ganesan. ''Guna'' met with critical acclaim but failed commercially, while the latter became a big success and was remade into Hindi as ''Virasat''. Kamal Haasan was credited for the story and became India's submission for the Academy Awards that year. After a series of films such as ''Singaravelan'', ''Maharasan'' and ''Kalaignan'', he played a cheated villager in the emotionally draining and underrated classic ''Mahanadi''. Six years after it released, it was premiered at the Rotterdam festival. He then began to appear in comedies such as ''Sathi Leelavathi'', based on the English film ''She-Devil''. The film, his home production, featured him opposite comedienne Kovai Sarala and its success led to further regional remakes. He also renewed his collobaration with Kasinadhuni Viswanath in his last Telugu-language film to date, ''Subha Sankalpam''. In 1995, Kamal Haasan starred in the police story ''Kuruthipunal''. His success in ''Kuruthipunal'' was followed by his third National Film Award for Best Actor, for the film ''Indian''. Playing dual roles of a freedom fighter and his untrustful son, the film also won Kamal Haasan regional awards and plaudits for his portrayal. Moreover, both films were also selected as India's submissions for the Academy Awards in their respective release years.

Kamal Haasan appeared as a woman in ''Avvai Shanmughi'', inspired by the Hollywood production ''Mrs. Doubtfire''. He initially chose noted adfilm maker Shantanu Sheorey to direct the Hindi remake of ''Avvai Shanmughi'', titled ''Chachi 420''. But unhappy with the complaints after five days of shoot and after checking the actual result, he took over as director. In 1997, Kamal Haasan began his first directorial venture, the biopic of Mohammed Yusuf Khan, ''Marudhanayagam'', which failed to complete its schedules with only half an hour and a trailer being recorded during its shoot. ''Marudhanayagam'' had been speculated to be the biggest and most expensive film in Indian cinema with a number of high profile actors technicians signing up for roles. Moreover, the film was launched in a highly publicized ceremony by Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom during her visit to India in 1997. Due to budget constraints, the film failed to materialize into a feature film, but he has since stated his interest in building up funds for the project.

''Hey Ram'' and onwards: 2000-present

Following a two-year hiatus in Indian cinema, he opted against reviving his magnum opus, ''Marudhanayagam'', and filmed his second directorial venture, ''Hey Ram'', a period drama told in flashback with a semi-fictional plot centering around India's Partition and the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi. Kamal Haasan also took on roles as the writer, the lyricist and the choreographer as well as producing the film under his home banner. The film, also featured Shahrukh Khan and was India's submission for the Academy Awards that year. His following film was ''Aalavandhan'', where he portrayed two distinct roles, for one of which he had his head shaved bald and gained ten kilograms. To play the other army major in Alavandaan (Abhay, in Hindi), he went to the NDA for a crash course. The Hindi version Abhay was distributed by reputed Shringar Films. Despite much publicity prior to release, the film failed commercially, and he opted to repay distributors who had suffered losses with the film.

Following a series of successful comedies in ''Thenali'', ''Panchathantiram'' and ''Pammal K. Sambandam'' and a couple of guest appearances, Kamal Haasan directed his third feature film in ''Virumaandi'', a film about the death penalty which won the Best Asian Film award at Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival. Kamal Haasan also appeared in ''Anbe Sivam'' alongside Madhavan. Priyadarshan, who started the film, departed allowing commercial director Sundar C to complete the film. ''Anbe Sivam'' told the story of Nallasivam, enacted by Kamal Haasan as a communist. Kamal Haasan's performance was highly lauded by critics with ''The Hindu'' stating that he "has once again done Tamil cinema proud".

Kamal Haasan then appeared in the remake film ''Vasool Raja'' alongside Sneha. In 2006, Haasan's long delayed project, ''Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu'' emerged as a blockbuster. In 2008, he appeared in K. S. Ravikumar's ''Dasavathaaram'' portraying ten distinct roles in the venture, which remains one of the most expensive Indian films ever made. Featuring him opposite Asin Thottumkal, the film became the highest grossing film ever in Tamil cinema, beating the previous 2007 record, and won him critical praise for his performance. In Canada, the film was distributed by Walt Disney Pictures, the first Tamil film to be done so. The film ultimately grossed more than 250 crores worldwide. He had written the story and screenplay for the project.

Following the completion of ''Dasavathaaram'', Kamal Haasan opted to direct his fourth directorial venture, with a film tentatively titled ''Marmayogi'', which after a year of pre-production became stalled. He then opted to produce and star in a venture, ''Unnaipol Oruvan'', co-starring him with Mohanlal. The film, which had Shruti Haasan appear as the music director, became a successful venture for him at the box office. Kamal Haasan worked on his fifth collaboration with Ravikumar, in ''Manmadan Ambu'', for which he also wrote the dialogues and screenplay. The film also featured Madhavan and Trisha Krishnan and was released in December 2010. The story revolves around a man who hires a detective to find out if he is being cheated by his fiancée. This film completed one month successfully but was officially declared an average film.

Off-screen contributions

In addition to acting, Kamal Haasan has also played various roles behind the camera and is known for his involvement in several aspects of film-making. He wrote the story and/or screen-play for many of his films including ''Raja Paarvai'', ''Apoorva Sagodharargal'', ''Guna'', ''Thevar Magan'', ''Mahanadhi'', ''Hey Ram'', ''Aalavandhan'', ''Anbe Sivam'', ''Nala Damayanthi'', ''Virumaandi'', ''Dasavathaaram'' and ''Manmadhan Ambu''. His film production company, Rajkamal International, has produced several of his films. He also directed the films ''Chachi 420'', ''Hey Ram'' and ''Virumaandi''. He considered taking up film direction full time, if ''Hey Ram'' was a success, but did not do so as the film was a box office failure. In 2010, he stated his intention to direct more films as many young actors had wished to work under him and gain his direct guidance. He wanted to turn a technician after his comeback into adult roles. Speaking about it in a lighter vein, he once said, "Film makers like K. Balachander told me that I won’t be able make much money by being a technician. So the end result is that the star Kamal funds the technician Kamal in pursuing his dreams". Kamal has attended workshops for make-up techniques in US for several years and once trained as a make-up man under Michael Westmore.

Kamal Haasan is also well known as a song-writer. He first penned lyrics for ''Hey Ram'' and followed it with films like ''Virumaandi'', ''Unnai Pol Oruvan'' and ''Manmadhan Ambu''. They were well received by his peers in the Tamil film industry. Kamal Haasan is also a playback singer. He has sung close to 70 songs in Tamil, Hindi, Telugu, Malayalam and English.

Personal life

Family

Kamal Haasan was born in the town of Paramakudi in the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu, to a criminal lawyer named D. Srinivasan and his wife Rajalakshmi. He was born as an Iyengar Brahmin. Kamal Haasan was the youngest of four children, the others being Charuhasan, Chandrahasan and Nalini Raghu. His father was a martinet. He wanted all his sons (Chandrahasan, Charuhasan, Kamalahaasan) to study and do well. The two elder brothers followed their father’s example and studied law. Kamal spent his childhood learning everything except staying focussed on his studies.

Kamal Haasan had referred to his parents in couple of his films, with references being made in ''Unnaipol Oruvan'' as well as in the song Kallai Mattum from ''Dasavathaaram''. His eldest brother Charuhasan, like Kamal Haasan, is a National Film Award-winning actor, who appeared in the Kannada film ''Tabarana Kathe'', among others. Kamal's niece (Charuhasan's daughter), Suhasini is also a National Film Award winner and is married to director and fellow Award winner Mani Ratnam, who collaborated with Kamal Haasan on 1987's ''Nayagan''. Chandra Haasan has appeared as the producer for several of Kamal Haasan's films as well as being an executive of Kamal Haasan's home production company, Rajkamal International. His brother's daughter Anu Hasan has appeared in several films in supporting roles, most notably in Suhasini's ''Indira''. His sister Nalini Raghu is a dance teacher. Kamal Haasan later named an auditorium after his sister as Nalini Mahal. Her son, Gautham, played Kamal Haasan's grandson in his directorial venture, ''Hey Ram''.

Relationships

Despite his celebrated film career, his personal life had some setbacks which have been exploited by the media. In his early career, he co-starred in several films with actress Srividya. The pair were reported to have been a part of a notorious affair in the 1970s, with their relationship being explored in the 2008-released Malayalam film, ''Thirakkatha'' by Renjith, with Anoop Menon portraying Kamal Haasan and Priyamani playing Srividya. Srividya, who died in 2006, was visited by Kamal Haasan at her bedside during her final days. In 1978, at the age of 24, Kamal Haasan married danseuse Vani Ganapathy, who was older than he was. Vani put on the mantle of costume designer for her husband's movies and was publicized for walking along with Haasan into the Filmfare Awards South ceremony of 1980 immediately after their wedding. However, the couple split after ten years together, after Kamal Haasan began dating fellow actress Sarika, confirming in a later interview that he and Vani have never been in touch since their divorce.

Subsequently, Kamal Haasan and Sarika lived together from 1988, opting to marry only after having their second child. Of the two children: Shruti Haasan (born 1986) and Akshara Haasan (born 1991), the former is a singer as well as an upcoming actress, while the latter is pursuing higher studies in Bangalore. Sarika took a break from acting soon after her marriage with Kamal Haasan. However, she replaced his ex-wife, Vani Ganapathy, as Haasan's costume designer, with acclaimed work in ''Hey Ram''. The couple filed for divorce in 2002, with Sarika estranging herself from Kamal Haasan by the end of the procedure in 2004. His intimate relationship with co-star Simran Bagga, who is twenty-two years younger, became the reason for the split. However, Haasan's relationship with Simran, who appeared opposite him in two consecutive ventures with ''Pammal K. Sambandam'' and ''Panchathantiram'', was short-lived as Simran went on to marry her childhood friend in late 2003. Haasan now lives with former actress Gouthami Tadimalla, who co-starred with him in several films in the late 80s and early 90s. He had helped her during her traumatic experience suffering from breast cancer and the pair have been in a domestic relationship since 2005. Along with Shruti and Akshara, Gouthami's daughter, Subbalakshmi, from an annulled marriage also lives with them.

Religious views

Kamal Haasan, despite being born into a Hindu Brahmin family, has declared himself as an atheist; many of his films, notably ''Mahanadi'' and the two films co-written by Kamal Haasan (''Anbe Sivam'' and ''Dasavathaaram''), have featured anti-theistic views. Kamal Haasan, has also been mistaken for a Muslim due to the Islamic nature of his surname, and was famously stopped for his name at Toronto Pearson International Airport in 2002. The name originated from a friend of his father, Yaakob Hassan, a Muslim freedom fighter who spent time in prison with Kamal Haasan's father while imprisoned by the British. Yaakob Hassan had protected Srinivasan from other prisoners who hated the Brahmins. Later, he paid tribute to his friend by incorporating part of his name into his sons’ names.

Humanitarian work

Kamal Haasan is actively involved in several social service activities through his fan clubs under the banner ''Kamal Narpani Iyakkam''. (Kamal Welfare Association) His fan clubs are involved in organising blood and eye donation drives and donating education materials to school students. He received the first Abraham Kovoor National Award for his Humanist Activities and Secular Life in 2004. He has turned his fan associations into social service organisations. He was also the project ambassador of Hridayaragam 2010, a fundraiser to set up an orphanage for HIV/AIDS-affected children. In September 2010, Kamal Haasan launched a children’s cancer relief fund and presented roses to children with cancer at Sri Ramachandra University in Porur on the outskirts of Chennai. He has also pledged to endorse consumer products and use the money for social service.

Literary contributions

Kamal Haasan was involved in running the magazine ''Mayyam'', which was run by the Kamal Haasan Welfare Association (Narpani Iyakkam). His views on a wide range of issues including cinema, child and drug abuse and the Kashmir conflict, have been collected and published as a book titled ''Thedi Theerpom Va'' (''Come, Let's Solve Together''), by his fan association. His interest in Tamil literature and his own writing skills are well known.

Awards and honours

Kamal Haasan, a Padma Shri holder, is the most decorated actor in terms of awards in the history of Indian cinema. He holds the record for the most number of National Film Awards for an actor; three awards for Best Actor, one each for Best Child Artist and Best Film. The 1992 Tamil film ''Thevar Magan'' which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil was produced by Kamal Haasan. He also won the President's Gold Medal for his debut film ''Kalathur Kannamma'' which was later categorised as the National Film Award for Best Child Artist in 1960, thus taking his tally to five. Moreover, Kamal Haasan holds a record nineteen Filmfare Awards, ranging across five languages. After his latest award in 2000, he wrote to the organization requesting exemption from further awards. In 2003, his films ''Hey Ram'', ''Pushpak'', ''Nayagan'' and ''Kuruthipunal'' were showcased under the "Director in Focus" category at the Rotterdam Film Festival. In 2004, ''Virumaandi'' won the very first "Best Asian film" award at Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival (PiFan).

In 2005, Sathyabama Deemed University awarded Kamal Haasan an honorary doctorate. He received the Chevalier Sivaji Ganesan Award for Excellence in Indian Cinema at the 2006 ceremony of the inaugural Vijay Awards. He received the Living Legend Award in 2007 from FICCI, which recognizes outstanding personalities from the entertainment arena and honors them with awards at their annual global convention, FRAMES. In 2010, the United Progressive Alliance government organised a retrospective of Kamal Haasan's films. During that event, Union Information and Broadcasting Minister Ambika Soni said the actor fell under a special category, as his cinema broke barriers of language and region. The same year, the Government of Kerala honoured him for completing 50 years in Indian cinema during the inauguration of statewide Onam celebrations in Thiruvananthapuram. A light-and-sound show titled “Suvarna Kamalam” to mark Kamal’s 50 years in Indian cinema, conceived by director T. K. Rajiv Kumar, was the highlight of the evening.

Kamal Haasan is also a recipient of the Kalaimamani Award from the Government of Tamil Nadu in 1979. Other recognitions includes a string of Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, Nandi Awards, Screen Awards and Vijay Awards, including four separate awards for his performance in ''Dasavathaaram''. In 2009, Kamal Haasan was appointed as the chairman of FICCI Media and Entertainment Business Conclave, organised by the entertainment division of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

Acclaim and criticism

Kamal Haasan, widely respected and admired in the Indian film industry, is often praised as someone who would have won many Oscars, if he had been born outside India. His mentor K. Balachandar, while agreeing with such sentiment, says in that case Kamal would not have been able to have a diverse acting career and the adulation he has now. Mani Ratnam, who directed Kamal in ''Nayagan'', has claimed he has missed working with Kamal. Veteran Tamil actor Nagesh rated Kamal Haasan as the best actor he had seen. Kamal Haasan's contributions to films have been lavishly praised by his peers in the Indian film industry like Shah Rukh Khan, Amitabh Bachan and Aamir Khan. Younger actors and film makers like Surya, Madhavan, Bala consider Kamal Haasan as their inspiration. His list of admirers go beyond cinema. M. F. Husain has claimed, he found Kamal Haasan as the most exciting Indian film-maker/actor.

Kamal Haasan has been accused of reusing story lines, plot elements from Western films without crediting them and also for using sexually explicit scenes and themes. He has also been accused of elitism, of offending religious sentiments and of being superficial about the social issues he depicts in his films. He has also been dubbed as an actor who consciously overshadows his co-artists. Other criticisms of Kamal Haasan include complaints about his obsession with needless perfection, which has caused some of his films to overshoot their budgets.

Notable filmography

! Year	! Film	! Role	! Language	Notes
1959	''Kalathur Kannamma''	Selvam	Tamil
1974			Malayalam	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam
1975	''Apoorva Raagangal''	Prasanna	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil
1977	''16 Vayathinile''	Chappani	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1977		Vijayakumar
1978	''Maro Charitra''	Balu
1978	''Sigappu Rojakal''	Dileep	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil
1978	''Yaetta''	Ramu	Malayalam	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam
1981	''Aakali Rajyam''	Rangadu	Telugu	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu
1982	''Moondram Pirai''	Srinivasan	Tamil	National Film Award for Best ActorTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
1983	''Sagara Sangamam''	Balakrishna	Telugu	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilNandi Award for Best Actor
1985	''Saagar''	Raja		Filmfare Award for Best ActorNominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
1986	''Swathi Muthyam''	Sivayya	Telugu	Nandi Award for Best Actor
1987	''Nayagan''		Tamil	National Film Award for Best Actor
1988	''Pushpak''	Pushpak		Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada
1989	''Apoorva Sagodharargal''	Sedhupathy,Raja,Appu	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Film – TamilTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best ActorAlso producer and screenwriter
1989	''Indrudu Chandrudu''	Indrudu,Chandrudu	Telugu	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TeluguNandi Award for Best Actor
1992	''Thevar Magan''	Shakthivelu Thevar	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best ActorAlso producer and screenwriter
1996		Senapathy Bose,Chandra Bose	Tamil	National Film Award for Best ActorFilmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilTamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor
2000	''Hey Ram''	Saket Ram	Tamil	Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilAlso producer, director, and screenwriter
2004	''Virumaandi''	Virumaandi	Tamil
2008	''Dasavathaaram''		Tamil	Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best ActorNominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actor – TamilAlso screenwriter

References

External links

Category:National Film Award winners Category:Indian film directors Category:Tamil actors Category:Tamil film directors Category:Tamil playback singers Category:Indian agnostics Category:1954 births Category:Living people Category:Indian film actors Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Indian amateur radio operators Category:Telugu film actors Category:Tamil people Category:Kannada film actors Category:Non Malayali actors acted in Malayalam-language films Category:Indian actors Category:People from Chennai Category:Tamil screenwriters Category:Kollywood playback singers Category:People from Tamil Nadu Category:Indian screenwriters Category:Indian film producers Category:Hindi film actors

bn:কমল হাসান de:Kamal Haasan fr:Kamal Haasan kn:ಕಮಲ್ ಹಾಸನ್ ml:കമലഹാസൻ mr:कमल हासन pl:Kamal Hassan ta:கமல்ஹாசன் te:కమల్ హాసన్ wuu:卡茂尔·哈珊

name	Ram Charan
birth place	Uttar Pradesh, India
nationality	Indian
occupation	business consultant, speaker, and writer
residence	Dallas, TX, USA
alma mater	Banaras Hindu UniversityHarvard Business School
signature	}}

Dr. Ram Charan (born Ramcharan in 1939 in Uttar Pradesh, India) is a business consultant, speaker, and writer.

Personal life

Charan worked in his family's shoe shop in Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India while growing up. He earned a degree in engineering from Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University and later studied at Harvard Business School, where he was awarded an MBA (1965) and a doctorate (1967). Before becoming a full-time consultant in 1978, he taught at the Harvard Business School, the Kellogg School of Management, and Boston University.

Charan is not married and has no children. At age 67, he purchased his first apartment in Dallas, TX. Before this purchase, he did not have a home and spent every night in a hotel room or at an associate's residence. His assistants in Dallas send him new clothes via courier and he returns his dirty laundry to them.

Career

Charan has consulted for companies such as GE, KLM, Bank of America and Jaypee Associates. He is the author of various books on business, including ''Talent Masters'', ''Leaders At All Levels''', ''Leadership in the Era of Economic Uncertainty: The New Rules for Getting the Right Things Done in Difficult Times'', ''Boards That Deliver'', ''What The CEO Wants You To Know'', ''Boards At Work'', ''Every Business Is A Growth Business'' (with Noel Tichy), ''Profitable Growth Is Everyone's Business'', ''Confronting Reality'',Know How and ''Execution'' (with Larry Bossidy and Charles Burck), which was a best-seller.

Charan run his business management consulting company under the name Charan Associates located in Dallas, TX. Records show the company was established in 1981 and incorporated in Texas. Current estimates show this company has an annual revenue of $500,000 to $1 million and employs a staff of approximately 1 to 4. Charan sits on the board for Austin Industries, SSA & Company (formerly Six Sigma Academy), and Tyco Electronics.

Charan partnered with Kevin Cope and Stephen M.R. Covey to form Acumen Learning. Acumen Learning and Ram Charan have an agreement to use the concepts in his book: "What the CEO Wants You to Know". Ram has helped to define and popularize the idea of business acumen being an essential leadership characteristic in management.

Charan was elected a Fellow of the National Academy of Human Resources in 2000 and named a Distinguished Fellow in 2005. Charan was in India in the month of February 2010 to give a presentation to around 400 Indian CEOs.

Awards

The American Society for Training & Development (ASTD) presented Ram Charan with its Champion of Workplace Learning and Performance Award on May 17, 2010. The Economic Times of India named Ram Charan Global Indian of the Year for 2010. Thinkers 50.

References

Further reading

Ram Charan, 2009, ''Leadership in the Era of Economic Uncertainty: The New Rules for Getting the Right Things Done in Difficult Times'', McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-162616-3

Bibliography

''The Talent Masters:Why Smart Leaders Put People Before Numbers'' (November 9, 2010)

''Owning Up: The 14 Questions Every Boad Member Needs to Ask'' (April 13, 2009)

''Leadership in the Era of Economic Uncertainty: The New Rules for Getting the Right Things Done in Difficult Times'' (December 22, 2008)

''The Game-Changer: How You Can Drive Revenue and Profit Growth with Innovation'' (April 8, 2008)

''Know-How: The 8 Skills That Separate People Who Perform from Those Who Don't'' (2007)

''Leaders at All Levels: Deepening Your Talent Pool to Solve the Succession Crisis'' (December 21, 2007)

''What the Customer Wants You to Know'' (December 27, 2007)

''Boards That Deliver: Advancing Corporate Governance From Compliance to Competitive Advantage'' (2005)

''The Source of Success: Five Enduring Principles at the Heart of Real Leadership'' (2005)

''Confronting Reality: Doing What Matters to Get Things Right'' (2004)

''Profitable Growth Is Everyone's Business: 10 Tools You Can Use Monday Morning'' (2004)

''Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done'' (2002)

''What the CEO Wants You to Know : How Your Company Really Works'' (2001)

''The Leadership Pipeline: How to Build the Leadership Powered Company'' (2000)

''Every Business is a Growth Business: How Your Company Can Prosper Year After Year'' (2000)

External links

Ram Charan : website

Category:1939 births Category:Indian emigrants to the United States Category:Harvard Business School alumni Category:Boston University faculty Category:Indian businesspeople Category:Living people Category:Business speakers

ko:램 차란 hi:राम चरण te:రామ్ చరణ్