Name	University of California,Los Angeles
Motto	''Fiat Lux'' Let There Be Light
Established	1882
Calendar	Quarter
Type	Public
Endowment	US $2.64 billion (June 30, 2011)
Staff	26,139
Faculty	4,016
Chancellor	Gene D. Block
Provost	Scott L. Waugh
Students	39,271
Undergrad	27,199
Postgrad	12,072
City	Los Angeles
State	California
Country	United States
Coor
Campus	Urban 419 acres (1.7 km²)
Former names	University of California Southern Branch (1919–1927)University of California at Los Angeles (1927-1958)
Colors	UCLA Blue Gold
Nickname	UCLA Bruins
Mascot	Joe & Josephine Bruin
Athletics	22 Varsity TeamsNCAA Division I
Nobel laureates	10
Affiliations	MPSFAAUPacific-12University of California
Free label	Newspaper
Free	Daily Bruin
Website	ucla.edu
Logo	}}

The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public research university located in the Westwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, USA. It was established in 1882 as the "Southern Branch" of the California State Normal School and is the second oldest of the ten campuses of the University of California system. It is considered as one of the flagship institutions of the University of California system, offers over 300 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines. With an enrollment of about 27,000 undergraduate and about 12,000 graduate students from the United States and around the world, UCLA is the largest university in the state of California in terms of student body. The university was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1974.

The university is organized into five undergraduate colleges, seven professional schools, and five professional Health Science schools. Fourteen Nobel Prize laureates, one Fields Medalist, and one Turing award winner have been affiliated with the university as faculty, researchers, or alumni. Among the current faculty members, 50 have been elected to the National Academy of Sciences, 23 to the National Academy of Engineering, 37 to the Institute of Medicine, and 120 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

UCLA student-athletes compete intercollegiately as the Bruins. As a member of the Pacific-12 Conference, the Bruins have won 125 national championships, including 108 NCAA team championships as of December 2011, more than any other university. UCLA student-athletes have won 214 Olympic medals - 106 gold, 54 silver and 54 bronze. The Bruins have had at least one competitor in every Olympics since 1920 with one exception (1924), and UCLA has won a gold medal in every Olympics since 1932 with the exception of 1980 (boycott).

In regards to diversity, UCLA was ranked the number one most economically diverse university among "elite schools"

History

In March 1881, after heavy lobbying by Los Angeles residents, the California State Legislature authorized the creation of a southern branch of the California State Normal School (which later became San Jose State University) in downtown Los Angeles to train teachers for the growing population of Southern California. The State Normal School at Los Angeles opened on August 29, 1882, on what is now the site of the Central Library of the Los Angeles Public Library system. The new facility included an elementary school where teachers-in-training could practice their teaching technique on children. That elementary school is related to the present day version, UCLA Lab School. In 1887, the school became known as the Los Angeles State Normal School.

In 1914, the school moved to a new campus on Vermont Avenue (now the site of Los Angeles City College) in Hollywood. In 1917, UC Regent Edward A. Dickson, the only regent representing the Southland at the time, and Ernest Carroll Moore, Director of the Normal School, began working together to lobby the State Legislature to enable the school to become the second University of California campus, after Berkeley. They met resistance from Berkeley alumni, Northern California members of the state legislature, and Benjamin Ide Wheeler, President of the University of California from 1899 to 1919, who were all vigorously opposed to the idea of a southern campus. David Prescott Barrows, the new President of the University of California, did not share Wheeler's objections. On May 23, 1919, the Southern Californians' efforts were rewarded when Governor William D. Stephens signed Assembly Bill 626 into law, which turned the campus into the Southern Branch of the University of California and added its general undergraduate program, the College of Letters and Science. The Southern Branch campus opened on September 15 of that year, offering two-year undergraduate programs to 250 Letters and Science students and 1,250 students in the Teachers College, under Moore's continued direction.

Under University of California President William Wallace Campbell, enrollment at the Southern Branch expanded so rapidly that by the mid-1920s the institution was outgrowing the 25 acre Vermont Avenue location. The Regents conducted a search for a new location and announced their selection of the so-called "Beverly Site"—just west of Beverly Hills—on March 21, 1925 edging out the panoramic hills of the still-empty Palos Verdes Peninsula. After the athletic teams entered the Pacific Coast conference in 1926, the Southern Branch student council adopted the nickname "Bruins," a name offered by the student council at Berkeley. In 1927, the Regents renamed the campus the "University of California at Los Angeles" (the word "at" was officially replaced by a comma in 1958, in line with other UC campuses) and the state broke ground in Westwood on land sold for $1 million, less than one-third its value, by real estate developers Edwin and Harold Janss, for whom the Janss Steps are named.

The original four buildings were the College Library, Royce Hall, the Physics-Biology Building, and the Chemistry Building (now Powell Library, Royce Hall, the Humanities Building, and Haines Hall, respectively), arrayed around a quadrangular courtyard on the 400 acre (1.6 km²) campus. The first undergraduate classes on the new campus were held in 1929 with 5,500 students. In 1933, after further lobbying by alumni, faculty, administration and community leaders, UCLA was permitted to award the master's degree, and in 1936, the doctorate, against continued resistance from Berkeley.

A timeline of the history can be found on its website. as well as a published book.

Maturity as a university

The campus received its first chancellor in 1951, thereby establishing itself as an autonomous entity within the UC system. The appointment of Franklin David Murphy to the position of Chancellor in 1960 helped to spark an era of tremendous growth of facilities and faculty honors. By the end of the decade, UCLA had achieved distinction in a wide range of subjects. This era also secured UCLA's position as a proper university in its own right and not simply a branch of the UC system. This change is exemplified by an incident involving Chancellor Murphy, which was described by him later on:

"I picked up the telephone and called in from somewhere, and the phone operator said, 'University of California.' And I said, 'Is this Berkeley?' She said, 'No.' I said, 'Well, who have I gotten to?' 'UCLA.' I said, 'Why didn't you say UCLA?' 'Oh,' she said, 'we're instructed to say University of California.' So the next morning I went to the office and wrote a memo; I said, 'Will you please instruct the operators, as of noon today, when they answer the phone to say, "UCLA."' And they said, 'You know they won't like it at Berkeley.' And I said, 'Well, let's just see. There are a few things maybe we can do around here without getting their permission.'"

In 2006, the university completed Campaign UCLA, which collected over $3.05 billion and is the second most successful fundraising campaign. In 2008, UCLA raised over $456 million, ranking the institution among the top 10 universities in the United States in total fundraising for the year.

On January 26, 2011 Meyer and Renee Luskin donated $100 million dollars to UCLA On February 14, 2011 UCLA received a $200 million donation gift by The Lincy Foundation in order to establish The Dream Fund, which is "a community-based fund devoted to the support of medical research and academic programs at UCLA."

1994 Northridge Earthquake

Damage from the January 17th at 4:30 am earthquake caused structural damage and chemical spills to several buildings, including the medical center. At the time, the campus was undergoing a two-decade program to reinforce the buildings. As a result, this quake accelerated efforts to make the campus buildings more resistant to earthquakes. This program helped save and preserve the campus's icons.

Campus

When UCLA opened its new campus in 1929, it had four buildings. Today, the campus includes 163 buildings across 419 acres (1.7 km²) in the western part of Los Angeles, north of the Westwood shopping district and just south of Sunset Boulevard. The campus is close but not adjacent to the San Diego Freeway.

The campus includes sculpture gardens, fountains, museums, and a mix of architectural styles. It is located in the residential area of Westwood and bordered by Bel-Air, Beverly Hills, and Brentwood. The campus is informally divided into North Campus and South Campus, which are both on the eastern half of the university's land. North Campus is the original campus core; its buildings are more old-fashioned in appearance and clad in imported Italian brick. North Campus is home to the arts, humanities, social sciences, law, and business programs and is centered around ficus and sycamore-lined Dickson Court, also known as the "Sunken Garden." South Campus is home to the physical sciences, life sciences, engineering, psychology, mathematical sciences, all health-related fields, and the UCLA Medical Center.

Ackerman Union, the John Wooden Center, the Arthur Ashe Health and Wellness Center, the Student Activities Center, Kerckhoff Hall, the J.D. Morgan Center, the James West Alumni Center, and Pauley Pavilion stand at the center of the campus. Bruin Walk, a heavily traveled pathway from housing to the main campus, bisects the campus.

Architecture

The first campus buildings were designed by the local firm Allison & Allison. The Romanesque Revival style of these first four structures remained the predominant building style on campus until the 1950s, when architect Welton Becket was hired to supervise the expansion of the campus over the next two decades. Becket greatly streamlined the general appearance of the campus, adding several rows of minimalist, slab–shaped brick buildings to the southern half of the campus, the largest of these being the UCLA Medical Center. Architects such as A. Quincy Jones, William Pereira and Paul Williams designed many subsequent structures on the campus during the mid-20th century. More recent additions include buildings designed by architects I.M. Pei, Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, Richard Meier, Cesar Pelli, and Rafael Vinoly. In order to accommodate UCLA's rapidly growing student population, multiple construction and renovation projects are in progress, including expansions of the life sciences and engineering research complexes. This continuous construction gives UCLA the on-campus nickname of "Under Construction Like Always."

The tallest building on campus is named after Ralph Bunche, an African-American alumnus, who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating an armistice agreement between the Jews and Arabs in Israel. A bust of him, on the entrance to Bunche Hall, overlooks the Franklin D. Murphy Sculpture Garden. He was the first individual of non-European background and the first UCLA alumnus to be honored with the Prize.

A mile from campus, the UCLA Hannah Carter Japanese Garden is located in the community of Bel-Air. The garden was designed by landscape architect Nagao Sakurai of Tokyo and garden designer Kazuo Nakamura of Kyoto in 1959. After the garden was damaged by heavy rains in 1969, UCLA Professor of Art and Campus Architect Koichi Kawana took on the task of its reconstruction.

Filming

With a location near Hollywood and a world-famous film and television school, the UCLA campus has attracted filming for decades. Much of the 1985 film ''Gotcha!'' was shot at UCLA, as well as John Singleton's ''Higher Learning'' (1995). ''Legally Blonde'' (2001)', ''Old School'' (2003), ''The Nutty Professor'' (1995), ''Erin Brockovich'' (2000), ''How High'' (2001), National Lampoon's: Van Wilder, and ''American Pie 2'' were all mainly shot at the university campus or locale. In January 2009, the Bollywood movie ''My Name is Khan'' was shot at UCLA. Some of the exterior shots of the fictional UC Sunnydale in ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', the book Sweet L.A. Life's spin-off ''The College Years'' and ABC Family original series Greek were also filmed at UCLA. In response to the major demand for filming, UCLA instated a policy on filming and professional photography at the campus. "UCLA is located in Los Angeles, the same place as the American motion picture industry," said UCLA visiting professor of film and television Jonathan Kuntz. "So we're convenient for (almost) all of the movie companies, TV production companies, commercial companies and so on. We're right where the action is."

Transportation and parking

The campus maintains 24,000 parking spaces and operates an award-winning sustainable transportation program. Elements of the sustainable transportation program include vanpools, a campus shuttle system called BruinBus, discounted carpool permits, and subsidized transit passes. One of the pass programs includes BruinGo!, which allows students and staff members to purchase discounted one-way or quarterly passes to ride Santa Monica's Big Blue Bus and Culver City's Culver CityBus.

Academics

UCLA Healthcare

The David Geffen School of Medicine, along with the School of Nursing, School of Dentistry, and School of Public Health, comprise the professional schools of health science. In 2005, UCLA announced its five-year plan to establish the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine; the state of California is rare in its public funding of research with new embryonic stem cell lines. The California NanoSystems Institute is another project that was created out of a partnership with the University of California, Santa Barbara to pioneer innovations in the field of nanotechnology.

The Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center is a part of a larger healthcare system, UCLA Healthcare, which also operates a hospital in Santa Monica and seven primary care clinics throughout Los Angeles County. In addition, the UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine uses two Los Angeles County public hospitals as teaching hospitals—Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Olive View-UCLA Medical Center—as well as the largest private nonprofit hospital on the West Coast, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. In 1981, the UCLA Medical Center made history when an assistant professor named Michael Gottlieb first diagnosed an unknown affliction later to be called AIDS. UCLA medical researchers also pioneered the use of PET scanning to study brain function. The signaling cascade of nitric oxide, one of the most important molecules in cardiopulmonary physiology was discovered in part by the medical school's Professor of Pharmacology Louis J. Ignarro. For this, he was awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology along with two other researchers – Robert F. Furchgott of the SUNY Health Science Center and Ferid Murad of the University of Texas Medical School at Houston.

In the 2007 edition of ''U.S. News and World Report'', UCLA Medical Center was ranked best in the West, as well as one of the top 3 hospitals in the United States alongside Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Johns Hopkins Hospital. In 15 of the 16 medical specialty areas examined, UCLA Medical Center ranked in the top 20.

Rankings

arwu w	12
arwu n	11
thes w	9
thes n	9
usnwr nu	25
wamo nu	2
wsj	14
forbes	55
qs w	34
urap	}}

Global rankings

In 2011-2012, UCLA ranked 13th in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings. With regard to reputation, UCLA was ranked 9th globally in 2012, by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings. In 2011, UCLA ranked 34th in the QS World University Rankings, one position higher than the previous year. In 2010, UCLA was ranked 32nd by the U.S. News and World Report's World's Best Universities. UCLA was ranked 12th in Newsweek's annual ranking of the Top 100 Global universities. In 2012, UCLA was ranked 9th by Bloomberg L.P.'s World University Rankings. UCLA was ranked 13th in the 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU). and in 2007, was ranked 13th in the world (11th in North America) by ''Top 500 World Universities'', an annual list published by the Institute of Higher Education at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. Global Universities Ranking lists UCLA as 15th in the world. UCLA is ranked 33rd in Financial Times' Global MBA Rankings in 2010. Human Resources & Labor Review, a national human competitiveness index & analysis, ranked the university 14th in 2010 internationally as one of 50 Best World Universities.

In the High Impact Universities rankings, UCLA was only one of two universities (the other being Harvard) which had all of its faculties ranked in the top 10.

U.S. rankings

''U.S. News & World Report'' ranked UCLA, tied with UVA, 2nd among public universities. It was also ranked 25th among national universities (tied with UVA and Wake Forest.) In the August 21–28, 2006 issue of ''Newsweek'' (also released as the 2007 issue of the ''Kaplan Guide to Colleges''), UCLA was listed as one of "25 New Ivies". ''The Washington Monthly'' ranks UCLA third nationally with criteria based on research, community service, and social mobility, and first in community service participation.

UCLA was ranked third among national research universities by the Center for Measuring University Performance in 2009. ''The Princeton Review'' listed UCLA as a "Dream School" selected by both students and parents in 2010. It was also the only public university in the ranking.

UCLA took the second spot among all universities (surpassed only by Johns Hopkins University), and the top spot among public universities, for research spending in the sciences and engineering during the fiscal year 2004, according to a 2006 report by the National Science Foundation—UCLA spent $773 million.

UCLA ranks 9th, in a 6-way tie, and 2-way tie among public universities with UC Berkeley, for producing the largest number of billionaires (9).

Graduate and Professional schools

The Anderson School of Management and the David Geffen School of Medicine consistently rank among the top ten in the United States. UCLA's oldest operating unit, the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies (GSEIS), was ranked second among American graduate schools of education in the 2006 edition of ''U.S. News and World Report'', ''America's Best Graduate Schools''. The UCLA School of Law is also highly-regarded, and is the youngest law school in the country to consistently rank in the top 15 nationally. Also, UCLA Law was named among the Princeton Review's "10 Hardest Law Schools To Get Into" in 2009. Additionally, in 2009, the UCLA School of Theater, Film, and Television was ranked 3rd nationally by US News and World Reports and the School of Architecture placed 2nd in the country according to The Key Centre for Architectural Sociology. UCLA school of nursing was ranked by US News and World Report as one of the top ten nursing programs in the country,

Departments and professors

In 1995, of the 36 Ph.D. programs examined by the National Research Council, eleven departments were ranked in the top ten. Thirty-one of the Ph.D. programs examined were ranked in the top 20, the third highest number of those distinctions in the country. According to US News and World Report, many UCLA graduate programs rank in the top 20 nationally, including Clinical Psychology (1), Psychology (3), Fine Arts (7), Geography (8), Mathematics (8), Sociology (9), History (9), English (10), Public Health (10), Political Science (11), Economics (14), Computer Science (14), Chemistry (16), Earth Sciences (17), and Physics (19).

In the Institute for Scientific Information's 2004 database, 48 UCLA professors were listed as highly cited, making UCLA faculty 11th in the United States; as of December 2006, there were 54 highly cited faculty.

Library system

UCLA's library system has over eight million books and 70,000 serials spread over twelve libraries and eleven other archives, reading rooms, and research centers. It is the nation's 14th largest library in number of volumes.

The first library, University library (presently Powell), was founded in 1884. In 1910, Elizabeth Fargo became the university's first librarian. Lawrence Powell became librarian in 1944, and began a series of system overhauls and modifications, and in 1959, he was named Dean of the School of Library Service. More libraries were added as previous ones filled. Page Ackerman became University Librarian in 1973, and was the nation's first female librarian of a system as large as UCLA's. She oversaw the first coordinations between other UC schools, and formed a new administrative network that is still in use today. Since her retirement, the system has seen steady growth and improvement under various Librarians. The present University Librarian is Gary E. Strong, who has been in office since September 1, 2003.

Admissions

Undergraduate

57,678 13,088 22.69

!! 2012 !! 2011 !! 2010 !! 2009 !! 2008 !! 2007
! Applicants	72,699	61,566	|	55,708	55,441	50,757
Admits	15,478	15,689	|	12,179	12,660	11,963
% Admitted	21.30	25.48	|	21.86	22.84	23.57

''This table does not account deferredapplications or other unique situations.''

UCLA is rated "Most Selective" by the Princeton Review, with an admissions selectivity rating of 98 (on a scale of 60–99). The university received 72,626 applications for the Fall 2012 freshman class, retaining its position as the university with the most freshmen applicants, a title it has held since 1998. In 2007, UCLA became the most selective public university in the United States when it admitted a record low 23.57% of applicants, edging out the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Virginia. Succeeding years brought no change to UCLA's status as the most selective public university in the United States for new freshmen with only 22.84%, 21.86%, 22.69% and 25.48% of applicants accepted for the freshman classes of 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively. ||Under-graduates || Graduatestudents || Per-centage |- |Black Non-Hispanic | 1,099 | 475 | 4.0% |- |Asian or Pacific Islander | 9,941 | 2,532 | 32.0% |- |Hispanic | 4,502 | 1,053 | 13.9% |- |American Indian or Alaskan Native | 144 | 62 | 0.5% |- |White Non-Hispanic | 8,486 | 4,556 | 33.7% |- |Unstated, Unknown, Other | 1,013 | 1,202 | 5.6% |- |Total | 27,199 | 12,072 | 100% |} 3,041 transfer students entered UCLA in Fall 2011, with 92.4% from the California Community Colleges System. Over the past 15 years over 45,000 transfer students have entered UCLA. One-third of baccalaureate degrees are awarded to students who entered UCLA as transfer students. One of the major current debates is over the decreasing admission of African-Americans and Latinos, especially since the passage of Proposition 209, prohibiting racial, sexual, or ethnic discrimination at public institutions, in 1996. Out of the 4,700 students in the Fall 2006 class, 96 were African American, and 20 of those were recruited athletes. This is the lowest number of African Americans to enter into a class at UCLA in more than 30 years, and it comes at a time when the other schools in the UC system are seeing an increase. In response to this issue, UCLA decided to shift to a more holistic admissions process, similar to that of UC Berkeley, starting Fall 2007. Preliminary data show that the overall number of underrepresented student applicants at UCLA — Native Americans, African Americans, and Chicanos/Latinos — increased from 10,097 in fall 2006 (22.2% of 2006 applicants) to 11,414 for fall 2007 (23.6%). 35% of admitted students receive federal Pell grants.

Graduate

In Fall 2005, the David Geffen School of Medicine admitted 4.5% of its applicants, the School of Law admitted 16.1%, and the Anderson School of Management admitted 30.6%.

According to the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Guide to Dental Schools, 44th Ed., the UCLA School of Dentistry had more than 1,465 applicants for 88 seats in the entering class of 2006. The average Dental Admissions Test (DAT) scores for admitted students in the entering class of 2007 were 22 on the academic portion (3rd highest average in the nation after Harvard and Columbia) and 20 on the perceptual aptitude portion of the exam (3rd highest average after Harvard and University of Washington). In 1949 The Regents of the University of California authorized the School of Nursing as one of the professional schools of the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. The Graduate School of Nursing is ranked by US News and World Report as one of the top graduate nursing programs in the country,

Economic impact

The University has a significant impact in the Los Angeles Economy. It is the fourth largest employer in the county, after Los Angeles County, LAUSD and the Federal Government, and the seventh largest in the region. In 2005–2006, the university had an operating budget of $3.6 billion, of which 17.4% was from California state government appropriations.

Trademarks and licensing

The UCLA trademark also sells as an overseas clothing and accessories brand. This trend arises from the school's athletic and academic reputation, and popular images of the Southern California lifestyle. High demand for UCLA apparel has inspired the licensing of its trademark to UCLA brand stores throughout East Asia. Since 1980, 15 UCLA stores have opened in South Korea, and 43 are currently open in China. There are also stores in Mexico, Singapore, India and Europe. UCLA makes $400,000 in royalties every year through its international licensing program.

Athletics

The school's sports teams are called the Bruins, with colors True Blue and gold. The Bruins participate in NCAA Division I-A as part of the Pacific-12 Conference. Two notable sports facilities serve as home venues for UCLA sports. The Bruin men's football team plays home games at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California; the team won a national title in 1954. The men's and women's basketball and men's and women's volleyball teams, and the gymnastics team (women's) play at Pauley Pavilion on campus. The school also sponsors men's and women's cross country, men's and women's soccer, women's rowing, men's and women's golf, men's and women's tennis, and men's and women's water polo, and women's softball.

The Bruin mascots are Joe and Josephine Bruin, and the fight songs are ''Sons of Westwood'' and ''Mighty Bruins''. The alma mater is ''Hail to the Hills of Westwood''.

When Henry "Red" Sanders came to UCLA to coach football in 1949, the uniforms were redesigned. Sanders added a gold loop on the shoulders—the UCLA Stripe. The navy blue was changed to a lighter shade of blue. Sanders figured that the baby blue would look better on the field and in film. He dubbed the baby blue uniform "Powder Keg Blue," a powder blue with an explosive kick. This would also differentiate UCLA from its older brother, UC Berkeley (and all other UC teams, as all UC campuses' official colors are blue and gold). UCLA is competitive in all major Division I-A sports and has won 124 national championships, including 108 NCAA championships, more than any other university. UCLA's softball program is outstanding Women's Softball won their NCAA-leading 11th National Championship, on June 8, 2010. The Women's Water Polo team is also dominant in winning-they won a record 7 NCAA championships. Notably, the team helped UCLA become the first school to win 100 NCAA championships overall when they won their fifth on May 13, 2007. Among these championships, some of the more notable victories are in men's basketball.

Under legendary coach John Wooden, UCLA men's basketball teams won 10 NCAA championships, including a record seven consecutive, in 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1975, and an 11th was added under then-coach Jim Harrick in 1995 (through 2008, the most consecutive by any other team is two). From 1971 to 1974, UCLA men's basketball won an unprecedented 88 consecutive games. UCLA has also shown dominance in men's volleyball, with 19 national championships. All 19 teams were led by current coach Al Scates, which ties him with John McDonnell of the University of Arkansas as NCAA leader for national championships in a single sport.

UCLA has medaled in every Olympic Games they have participated in. In the 2004 Athens games, UCLA sent 56 athletes, more than any other university, who won 19 medals.

Former UCLA basketball player and current Utah Jazz player Earl Watson commented, "Eleven national championships, the best coach (Wooden) to coach the game says a lot. I take offense to those who act like UCLA is just another school compared with Duke. Duke is a great school in the east, but UCLA is worldwide."

USC rivalry

UCLA shares a traditional sports rivalry with the nearby University of Southern California. In football, UCLA has one national champion team and 16 conference titles, compared to USC's 11 national championships and 37 conference championships. Under John Wooden, UCLA became a dominating power in men's basketball, and has won 11 NCAA championships, against USC's none.

The schools share a rivalry in many other sports. In volleyball, UCLA won 19 NCAA Men's Volleyball Championships against USC's four. UCLA also dominates the all-time series vs. USC in men's volleyball (86–34). In women's volleyball UCLA leads the all-time series against USC as well. In the popular sport of soccer UCLA leads USC in the all-time series 13–3–0. The Lexus Gauntlet is the name given to the official competition between the two schools in 18 varsity sports. This rivalry even extends to the Olympic Games, where UCLA athletes have won 213 medals.

The origin is unclear, but the rivalry most likely started when football Hall of Fame coach Red Sanders led UCLA to dominance in the 1950s. USC, long before established as the reigning power, diverted its attention from then-rival University of Notre Dame, and the rivalry began.

Presently, UCLA has the most NCAA championships, winning a combined 108 team championships in men's and women's sports, with Stanford coming in second with 102, followed by USC with 92.

Student life

Students have access to a variety of activities when not attending class. The campus' location in Los Angeles makes excursions to local museums, theaters, or other entertainment venues relatively quick and easy. UCLA offers classical orchestras, intramural sports, and over 800 student organizations. UCLA is also home to more than 60 national and local Greek-letter organizations, which collectively constitute the largest membership-based and multi-faceted community on campus. Fraternity and sorority members represent 13% of the student population. Phrateres, a non-exclusive social-service club for women was founded here in 1924 by the Dean of Women, Helen Matthewson Laughlin. Between 1924 and 1967, 23 chapters of Phrateres were installed in schools across North America. The student government at UCLA is the Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA), governed by a student majority board of directors. It is the umbrella organization that includes the two branches of UCLA's student government, the Graduate Students Association (GSA) and the Undergraduate Students Association Council (USAC), the UCLA Store, the Student Union, Restaurants, Trademark & Licensing, and Student Media (including the ''UCLA Daily Bruin''). The Student Alumni Association (SAA), a branch under the UCLA Alumni Association but entirely student run, is responsible for maintaining and putting on UCLA's oldest and greatest traditions, such as Blue and Gold Week, Senior Send-off, Spring Sing, and Dinners for 12 Strangers amongst many. UCLA also operates a waterfront facility known as the UCLA Marina Aquatic Center in Marina del Rey. Students and staff participate in dinghy sailing, surfing, windsurfing, rowing, and kayaking.

UCLA has an active a cappella student population, with a variety of student organizations across campus. The university is often regarded as the pioneer in the West Coast collegiate contemporary a cappella tradition with its first group, Awaken A Cappella, founded in 1992. The all-male group on campus, Bruin Harmony, has enjoyed a successful career since its inception in 2006, portraying a collegiate a cappella group in the 2010 film, The Social Network. Other groups on campus include The Scattertones, Signature, Random Voices, Medleys, Deviant Voices, and Cadenza.

There are also a variety of cultural organizations on campus, such as Nikkei Student Union (NSU), Association of Chinese Americans (ACA), Thai Smakom, and Chinese Cultural Dance Club (CCDC), each with its focuses on sharing culture and history. Many of these organizations have an annual "culture night" that usually constitutes drama, traditional dance, modern dance, etc., which raises awareness of culture and history to the campus and community. Students bond by participating in the Culture Night.

Traditions

The university has many traditions and annual events involving students, community, or the city. The school hosts events that usually require participation from more than just the student body, and competitions can occasionally involve celebrity judges and performers.

Unicamp, founded in 1934, is UCLA's official charity. It is a week-long summer camp for under-served children from the greater Los Angeles area, with UCLA volunteer counselors. Because Unicamp is a non-profit organization, student volunteers from UCLA also fundraise money throughout the year to allow these children to attend summer camp.

To introduce new students to clubs and activities, UCLA begins the fall quarter with Welcome Week activities (renamed True Bruin Welcome in 2009). The week includes the newly-added Day of Service for all first-years, the Enormous Activities Fair, the Sports Fair, and other events. At the end of move-in and the beginning of Welcome Week, UCLA holds Bruin Bash. Hosted by the USAC Campus Events Commission and USAC Cultural Affairs Commission, Bruin Bash includes a concert, dance, and movie. Past performers include Thrice and Common in 2005, Xzibit and Rooney in 2006, T.I. in 2007, The Cool Kids, Estelle, Hellogoodbye in 2008, LMFAO and Clipse in 2009, Ying Yang Twins, Travis McCoy and The Cataracs in 2010. Bruin Bash was created as a replacement for Black Sunday, a large-scale day of partying including all fraternities, in North Westwood Village, where the majority of off-campus students reside adjacent to campus.

Dance Marathon is an annual event organized by the student group, the Pediatric AIDS Coalition, held in Ackerman Grand Ballroom at UCLA, where thousands of students raise money and dance to support the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Project Kindle, One Heartland, and the UCLA AIDS Institute. Dancers are required to fundraise a minimum amount of $250 before the event, which is a 26-hour dance marathon. Dancers are not allowed to sit (except to use the restroom) during the marathon, literally taking a stand against pediatric AIDS, and symbolizing the suffering of children around the world infected with and affected by HIV/AIDS. In 2012, Dance Marathon at UCLA raised a record-breaking $451,000. Since 2002, the Marathon has raised over $3 million.

UCLA students also participate in "Midnight Yell" during finals week, a tradition where every night at midnight (starting on Sunday of finals week), students go outside and yell as loudly as possible for one minute, giving everyone a chance to take a short break from studying and release some nervous energy. Students who live in on-campus housing are not allowed to participate.

The quarterly Undie Run takes place during the Wednesday evening of Finals Week, when students run through the campus in their underwear or in skimpy costumes. The run first began in Fall of 2001 when a student, Eric Whitehead, wearing what he described as "really short shorts" walked around singing a song and playing a guitar to protest the Police restrictions on the Midnight Yell. With the increasing safety hazards and Police and Administration involvement, a student committee, in order to satisfy concerns but keep the event, changed the route. It was changed to a run through campus to the fountain in front of Powell Library. Now it ends with students cavorting in the fountains outside Powell Library. As attendance increased, committees in charge of organizing the event deemed it necessary to employ the UC Police during the event, to ward off vandalism and dangerous activity. In 2007, the route was changed again to begin at Strathmore and Gayley Avenues instead of Landfair and Gayley Avenues. Tired of the UCLA administration meddling in student-initiated spontaneous traditions, students have begun celebrating finals week in new ways. One way is the "Undie Ride," where students run a predetermined route in their underwear on Tuesday night of finals week. In the summer of 2009, the administration canceled all future undie run events, citing safety concerns. (The Undie Run concept has since spread to other college campuses around the United States, including the University of Texas at Austin, Arizona State University, and Syracuse University.)

The Alumni Association sponsors several events, usually large extravaganzas involving huge amounts of coordination. An example of this is the 60-year old Spring Sing, organized by the Student Alumni Association (SAA). Spring Sing is UCLA's oldest tradition—it is an annual gala of student talent, which is held at the Los Angeles Tennis Center on campus. In 2009 the event was held in UCLA's Pauley Pavilion. The committee bestows the George and Ira Gershwin Lifetime Achievement Award each year to a major contributor to the music industry. Past recipients have included Stevie Wonder, Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, James Taylor, Ray Charles, Natalie Cole, Quincy Jones, Lionel Richie, and in 2009, Julie Andrews. The Dinner for 12 Strangers, a common tradition among universities, is a gathering of students, alumni, administration and faculty to network around different interests. The week before the USC rivalry football game, there is a "Beat 'SC Bonfire and Rally." The bonfire did not take place in 2006 due to fire hazard issues. Nonetheless, UCLA won the football game, upsetting the #2 ranked Trojans. This led many to believe that dispelling of the tradition led to the victory.

The USAC Cultural Affairs Commission hosts the Jazz Reggae Festival, a two-day concert on Memorial Day weekend that attracts more than 20,000 attendees. The JazzReggae Festival is the largest, entirely student produced and run event of its kind on the West Coast. A staff of 30 UCLA undergraduates consistently proves that today’s youth can create something as distinguished and professional as JazzReggae Fest.

Student government

The Associated Students UCLA (ASUCLA) is the official entity encompassing student government and student-led enterprises at UCLA. ASUCLA has four major components: the Undergraduate Students Association, the Graduate Students Association, Student Media, and services & enterprises. However, in common practice, the term ASUCLA is often more narrowly used to refer to the services and enterprises component. This includes the Student Store, Bookstore, Food Services, Student Union, etc. These commercial enterprises serving the UCLA campus community generate approximately $90,000,000 in annual revenues, making it financially the largest student government operation in the world. As a nonprofit corporation, the financial goal of ASUCLA is not to maximize return or "profit" but to provide quality services and programs to the campus community at reasonable prices. ASUCLA is governed by a student-majority Board of Directors. The Undergraduate Students Association and Graduate Students Association each appoint three members plus one alternate. In addition to the student members, there are representatives appointed by the administration, the academic senate, and the alumni association. The "services and enterprises" portion of ASUCLA is run by a professional executive director who oversees some 300 professional career staff and 2,000 student employees. The board meets monthly and is responsible for setting the priority goals for the year, providing direction to the executive director, and evaluating his or her annual performance.

The Graduate Students Association is the governing body for approximately 11,000 graduate and professional students at UCLA.

"USAC" is an acronym for Undergraduate Students Association Council, the governing body of the Undergraduate Students Association (USA) whose membership comprises every UCLA undergraduate student. The student body currently has two major political slates, Students First! (established in 1981) and Bruins United (established in 2006).

USAC's thirteen student officers and commissioners are elected by members of the Undergraduate Students Association at an annual election held during Spring Quarter. In addition to its thirteen elected members, USAC includes appointed representatives of the Administration, the Alumni, and the Faculty, as well as two ex-officio members, the ASUCLA Executive Director and a student Finance Committee Chairperson who is appointed by the USA President and approved by USAC. All members of USAC may participate fully in Council deliberations, but only the thirteen elected student members have a vote.

The thirteen elected positions include: USAC President, Internal Vice President, External Vice President, General Representative (3), Academic Affairs Commissioner, Cultural Affairs Commissioner, Facilities Commissioner, Campus Events Commissioner, Student Welfare Commissioner, Community Service Commissioner, and Financial Supports Commissioner.

The USAC President appoints more than seventy undergraduates to administrative committees and the Academic Affairs Commissioner Appoints approximately 25 undergraduates to Academic Senate Committees. Students have an opportunity to serve on the ASUCLA Board of Directors and the Communications Board, as well as on other significant committees. Through their participation on these campus-wide committees, UCLA undergraduates have had input into the decision making process at a high level.

USAC's programs offers additional services to the campus and surrounding communities and provide an opportunity for students to participate in. For example, each year approximately 40,000 students, faculty and staff attend programs of the Campus Events Commission, including a low-cost film program, a speakers program which presents leading figures from a wide range of disciplines, and performances by dozens of entertainers. Two to three thousand UCLA undergraduates participate annually in the more than twenty voluntary outreach programs run by the Community Service Commission. A large corps of undergraduate volunteers also participate in programs run by the Student Welfare Commission, such as AIDS Awareness, Substance Abuse Awareness, Blood Drives and CPR/First Aid Training.

Student Media UCLA is the home of UCLA's student-run media, including the campus newspaper, magazines, and radio and television stations.

Media publications

Most student media publications distributed on-campus are governed by the ASUCLA Communications Board. The ''Daily Bruin'' is UCLA's most prominent student publication. Founded in 1919 under the name ''Cub Californian'', it has since then developed into Los Angeles' third-most circulated newspaper. It has won over 20 national awards in the last five years, and is regularly commended for layout and content. In 2006, the Society of Professional Journalists awarded it Best All-Around Daily Newspaper in the national Mark of Excellence Awards. The newspaper has not been without scrutiny and controversy, and in 1954, the administration attempted to intervene with the previous policy of electing editors by a student council. UCLA Student Media also publishes seven news magazines, each established to serve a special-interest community on campus: ''Al-Talib'', ''Fem'', ''Ha'Am'', ''La Gente de Aztlan'', ''Nommo'', ''Pacific Ties'', and ''Outwrite'', a school yearbook, BruinLife, Daily Bruin Television (DBTV), the student-run radio station, UCLAradio.com, formerly known as KLA, and the online campus review-site ''Bruinwalk.com''. Student groups such as The Forum for Energy Economics and Development also publish yearly journals focused on energy technologies and industries.

Housing

UCLA provides housing to over 10,000 undergraduate and 2,900 graduate students.

Most undergraduate students are housed in 14 complexes on the western side of campus, referred to by students as "The Hill." Students can live in halls, plazas, suites, or university apartments, which vary in pricing and privacy. Housing plans also offer students access to dining facilities, which have been ranked by the ''Princeton Review'' as some of the best in the nation. Dining halls are located in De Neve, Rieber, Covel, and Hedrick Halls.In winter 2012, a new dining hall called The Feast grandly opened. It offers only lunch everyday for on campus residents; however,it is still always packed. Residential cafes include Bruin Cafe, Rendezvous, and Cafe 1919. Cafe 1919's location formerly housed a cafe known as Puzzles. UCLA currently offers three years guaranteed housing to its incoming freshman, and one year to incoming transfer students.

Graduate students are housed in one of five apartment complexes. One, Weyburn Terrace, is located just southwest of the campus. The other four are roughly five miles south of UCLA in Palms and Mar Vista. They too vary in pricing and privacy.

The Student Housing Master Plan, released October 2007, outlines goals to improve and expand student housing, including renovating older residential halls and allowing four years of guaranteed housing to all entering freshmen by 2010. According to the ''Daily Bruin'', 1,525 beds, 10 faculty in-residence apartments and a 750-seat dining hall will be built on the Northwest Housing Infill Project on the Hill by 2013. The buildings are tentatively titled De Neve Gardenia Way, De Neve Holly Ridge, Sproul Cove, and Sproul Landing.

Hospitality

Hospitality constituents of the university include departments not directly related to student life or administration. The Hospitality department manages the UCLA Guest House, a full-service, on-campus hotel. The 61-room Guest House services those visiting the university for campus-related activities. The department also manages the UCLA Conference Center, a 40 acre (0.2 km²) convention center in the San Bernardino Mountains near Lake Arrowhead. Hospitality also operates UCLA Catering a Vending operation, and summer conference center located on the Westwood campus.

Chabad House

The UCLA Chabad House is a community center for Jewish students operated by the Orthodox Jewish Chabad movement. Established in 1969, it was the first Chabad House at a university. In 1980, three students died in a fire in the original building of the UCLA Chabad House. The present building was erected in their memory. The building, completed in 1984, was the first of many Chabad houses worldwide designed as architectural reproductions of the residence of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson at 770 Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn, New York. and Elinor Ostrom ('54 Political Science), who was awarded the 2009 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Alumnus Richard Heck won the 2010 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Fifty-two have been awarded Guggenheim Fellowships, and eleven are MacArthur Foundation Fellows. In 2006, 54 faculty members were listed as "Highly Cited" by the Institute for Scientific Information. Terence Tao, professor of Mathematics, was awarded the 2006 Fields Medal.

120 professors are members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

114 professors are members of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

16 professors are members of the American Philosophical Society

37 professors are members of the Institute of Medicine

23 professors are members of the National Academy of Engineering

50 professors are members of the National Academy of Sciences

7 professors are members of the National Academy of Education

Jared Diamond, a professor of Geography, won the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for his book ''Guns, Germs, and Steel''. Two UCLA professors of history have each won 2008 Pulitzer Prizes for general nonfiction and history. Saul Friedländer, professor of history and noted scholar of the Nazi Holocaust, won the prize for general nonfiction for his 2006 book, ''The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939–1945'', and Professor Emeritus Daniel Walker Howe won for his 2007 book, ''What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848''.

A number of UCLA alumni are notable politicians. In the U.S. House of Representatives, Henry Waxman ('61, '64) represents California's 30th congressional district and is Chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee. U.S. Representative Judy Chu ('74) represents California's 32nd congressional district and became the first Chinese American woman elected to the U.S. Congress in 2009. Kirsten Gillibrand ('91) is U.S. Senator from the State of New York and former U.S. Representative for New York's 20th congressional district. Antonio Villaraigosa ('77) is Mayor of Los Angeles, California and the third Mexican American ever to hold the office of mayor in the City of Los Angeles.

Computer scientist Vint Cerf ('70, '72) is Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist at Google and the person most widely considered the "father of the Internet." Henry Samueli ('75) is co-founder of Broadcom Corporation and owner of the Anaheim Ducks.

UCLA alumni have also achieved prominence in the Arts and Entertainment. American composer John Williams is laureate conductor at the Boston Pops Orchestra and Academy Award-winning composer of the Star Wars film score. Martin Sherwin (’71) was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. Actors Tim Robbins, James Franco, George Takei, Sean Astin and Milo Ventimiglia are also UCLA alumni. Popular music artists Sara Bareilles, The Doors, Linkin Park, and Maroon 5 all attended UCLA. Giada De Laurentiis is a program host at Food Network and former chef at Spago. Carlos Bocanegra, the USA soccer team captain is also a UCLA alumnus.

UCLA also boasts an excellent military background, with hundreds of alumni moving beyond their undergraduate careers to serve their nation. Francis B. Wai is, to date, the only Chinese-American and the first Asian-American to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for his actions in WWII. UCLA also lost an alumnus in early 2007 when Second Lieutenant Mark Daily was killed in Mosul, Iraq after his HMMWV was hit by an IED. Lieutenant Daily's service is marked by a plaque located on the northern face of the Student Activities Center (SAC), where the ROTC halls are currently located.

13 Academy Award winners

5 California Scientist of the Year winners

1 Fields Medal in Mathematics winner

11 Fulbright Scholars (since 2000)

78 Guggenheim Fellows

11 MacArthur Fellows winners

10 National Medal of Science winners

14 Nobel laureates

3 Presidential Medal of Freedom winners

1 Pritzker Prize in Architecture winner

3 Pulitzer Prize winners

12 Rhodes Scholars

1 Medal of Honor

See also

University of California

Regents of the University of California

References

External links

UCLA on The Sche Report

Category:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities Category:Educational institutions established in 1919 Category:Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges Category:University of California California Los Angeles, University of California Los Angeles, University of

ar:جامعة كاليفورنيا، لوس أنجلوس bg:Калифорнийски университет, Лос Анджелис bs:Kalifornijski univerzitet u Los Angelesu ca:Universitat de Califòrnia, Los Angeles cs:University of California, Los Angeles da:University of California, Los Angeles de:University of California, Los Angeles et:California Ülikool Los Angeleses es:Universidad de California en Los Ángeles eo:Universitato de Kalifornio ĉe Los-Anĝeleso fa:دانشگاه کالیفرنیا، لس‌آنجلس fr:Université de Californie à Los Angeles ko:캘리포니아 대학교 로스앤젤레스 hi:कैलिफोर्निया विश्वविद्यालय, लॉस एंजिल्स hr:UCLA is:Kaliforníuháskóli í Los Angeles it:Università della California, Los Angeles he:אוניברסיטת קליפורניה בלוס אנג'לס la:Universitas Californiensis (Angelopolis) lv:Kalifornijas universitāte (Losandželosa) lb:University of California, Los Angeles my:ကယ်လီဖိုးနီးယား တက္ကသိုလ် လော့အိမ်ဂျလိစ် နယ်မြေ nl:Universiteit van Californië - Los Angeles ja:カリフォルニア大学ロサンゼルス校 no:University of California, Los Angeles pnb:یونیورسٹی آف کیلیوفورنیا لاس اینجلس pl:University of California, Los Angeles pt:Universidade da Califórnia em Los Angeles ro:University of California, Los Angeles ru:Калифорнийский университет в Лос-Анджелесе simple:University of California, Los Angeles sk:Kalifornská univerzita v Los Angeles sl:Univerza Kalifornije, Los Angeles sh:University of California, Los Angeles fi:Kalifornian yliopisto (Los Angeles) sv:University of California, Los Angeles ta:கலிபோர்னியா பல்கலைக்கழகம் (லாஸ் ஏஞ்சலஸ்) te:యునివర్సిటీ ఆఫ్ కాలిఫోర్నియా, లాస్ ఏంజెల్స్ th:มหาวิทยาลัยแคลิฟอร์เนีย ลอสแอนเจลิส tr:Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, Los Angeles uk:Каліфорнійський університет в Лос-Анджелесі vi:Đại học California tại Los Angeles zh:加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校

name	Carlos Fuentes Macías
alt	Head and shoulders photo of a greying man with a small moustache, wearing a suit, arms folded.
birth date	November 11, 1928
birth place	Panama City, Panama
occupation	Novelist Writer
nationality	Mexican
period	1954 – present
movement	Latin American Boom
notableworks	''The Death of Artemio Cruz'' (1962) ''The Old Gringo'' (1985)
spouse	Rita Macedo (1959–1973) Silvia Lemus (1976–)
children	Cecilia Fuentes Macedo (1962- ), Carlos Fuentes Lemus (1973-1999), Natasha Fuentes Lemus (1976-2005)
website	}}

Carlos Fuentes Macías (born November 11, 1928) is a Mexican writer and one of the best-known living novelists and essayists in the Spanish-speaking world. He has influenced contemporary Latin American literature, and his works have been widely translated into English and other languages.

Biography

Fuentes was born in Panama City to Mexican parents. His father was a diplomat, and Carlos spent his childhood in various capital cities in America: Montevideo, Rio de Janeiro, Washington, Santiago, Quito, and Buenos Aires. As an adolescent he returned to Mexico, where he lived until 1965. He was married to film star Rita Macedo from 1959 until 1973, although he was an habitual philanderer and allegedly, his affairs — which he has claimed included film actresses such as Jeanne Moreau and Jean Seberg — brought her to despair. The couple ended their relationship amid scandal and Fuentes then married journalist and interviewer Silvia Lemus. Following in the footsteps of his parents, he became a diplomat in 1965 and served in London, Paris (as ambassador), and other capitals. In 1978 he resigned as ambassador to France in protest over the appointment of Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, former president of Mexico, as ambassador to Spain. He has also taught courses at Brown, Princeton, Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania, Columbia, Cambridge, and George Mason University. He is currently teaching at Brown University. He was also a friend of the U.S. sociologist C. Wright Mills, to whom he dedicated his book ''The Death of Artemio Cruz''.

Fuentes has fathered three children. Only one of them survived: Cecilia Fuentes Macedo, born in 1962, now working in television production. A son, Carlos Fuentes Lemus, died from complications associated with hemophilia in 1999 at the age of 25. A daughter, Natasha Fuentes Lemus (born 31 August 1974), died of an apparent drug overdose in Mexico City 22 August 2005, at the age of 30.

Carlos Fuentes received the Four Freedoms Award for Freedom of Speech and Expression in 2006, in Middelburg, the Netherlands. www.fourfreedoms.nl

Works

When he was 30 years-old Fuentes published his first novel, ''La región más transparente'', which became a classic contemporary novel. It was innovative not only for its prose, but also by having a metropolis, Mexico City, as its main setting. This novel provides insight into Mexican culture, which is made up of a mixture with the Spanish, the indigenous and the ''mestizo'', all cohabiting in the same geographical area but with different cultures.

The author describes himself as a pre-modern writer, using only pens, ink and paper. He asks, "Do words need anything else?" Fuentes mentioned that he detests those authors who from the beginning claim to have a recipe for success. In a speech on his writing process he mentioned that when he starts the writing process he begins by asking, "Who am I writing for?"

He published ''Las Buenas Conciencias'' in 1959. This is probably his most accessible novel depicting the privileged middle classes of a medium-sized town, probably modelled on Guanajuato.

His 1960s novels, ''Aura'' (1962) and ''La muerte de Artemio Cruz'' (1962) are acclaimed for using experimental modern narrative styles (including the second person form) to discuss history, society and identity.

In 1967, during a meeting with Alejo Carpentier, Julio Cortázar and Miguel Otero Silva, Carlos Fuentes launched the project of a series of biographies depicting Latin American ''caudillos'', which would be called ''Los Padres de la Patria''. Although the project was never completed, it provided the base for Alejo Carpentier's ''Reasons of State'' (''El recurso del método'', 1974) and various other Dictator Novels (''novelas del dictador'').

1975's ''Terra Nostra'' won the Venezuelan Rómulo Gallegos Prize.

His 1985 novel ''Gringo viejo'', the first United States bestseller written by a Mexican author, was filmed as ''Old Gringo'' (1989) starring Gregory Peck and Jane Fonda.

In 1994, he published ''Diana, The Goddess Who Hunts Alone,'' a fictionalized account of his alleged affair with Jean Seberg. However, his account has been questioned several times.

Fuentes regularly contributes essays on politics and culture to the Spanish newspaper ''El País'' and the Mexican ''Reforma''. He is a observer of Mexico-U.S. relations and critic of the United States' policies in Latin America. He also wrote Las Dos Elenas.

List of works

Novels

''La Región Más Transparente'' (''The Most Transparent Region'') (1958) ISBN 978-9705800146

''Las Buenas Conciencias'' (''The Good Conscience'') (1961) ISBN 978-9707100046

''Aura'' (1961) ISBN 978-9684111813

''The Death of Artemio Cruz'' (1962) ISBN 978-0374522834

''Cambio de piel'' (''A Change of Skin'') (1967)

''Zona sagrada'' (''Holy Place'') (1967)

''Cumpleaños'' (''Birthday'') (1969)

''Terra Nostra'' (1975)

''La cabeza de la hidra'' (''The Hydra Head'') (1978)

''Agua quemada'' (''Burnt Water'') (1980)

''Una familia lejana'' (''Distant Relations'') (1980)

''Orquídeas a la luz de la luna'' (1982)

''Gringo viejo'' (''The Old Gringo'') (1985)

''Cristóbal Nonato'' (''Christopher Unborn'') (1987)

''Ceremonias del alba'' (1991)

''The Campaign'' (1992)

''El naranjo'' (''The Orange Tree'') (1994)

''Diana o la cazadora solitaria'' (''Diana: the Goddess Who Hunts Alone'') (1995)

''La frontera de cristal'' (''The Crystal Frontier: A Novel of Nine Stories'') (1996)

''Los años con Laura Díaz'' (''The Years With Laura Diaz'') (1999)

''Instinto de Inez'' (''Inez'') (2001)

''La Silla del Águila'' (''The Eagle's Throne'') (2003)

''Todas las Familias Felices'' (''Happy Families'') (2006), ISBN 987-04-0557-6

''La Voluntad y la Fortuna'' (''Destiny and Desire'') (2008), ISBN 970-58-0446-5

Short stories

''Los días enmascarados'' (1954)

''Cantar de ciegos'' (1964)

''Chac Mool y otros cuentos'' (1973)

''Agua quemada'' (1983) ISBN 968-16-1577-8

''Dos educaciones''. (1991) ISBN 84-397-1728-8

''Los hijos del conquistador'' (1994)

''Inquieta compañía'' (2004)

''Las Dos Elenas''

"EL hijo de Andres Aparicio"

Essays

''La nueva novela hispanoamericana'' (1969) ISBN 9682701422

''El mundo de José Luis Cuevas'' (1969)

''Casa con dos puertas'' (1970)

''Tiempo mexicano'' (1971)

''Miguel de Cervantes o la crítica de la lectura'' (1976)

''Myself With Others'' (1988)

''El Espejo Enterrado'' (The Buried Mirror: Reflections on Spain and the New World) (1992) ISBN 8430602658

''Geografía de la novela'' (1993) ISBN 9681640446

''Tres discursos para dos aldeas'' ISBN 950-557-195-X

''Nuevo tiempo mexicano'' (''A New Time for Mexico'') (1995) ISBN 9681902319

''Retratos en el tiempo'', with Carlos Fuentes Lemus (2000)

''Los cinco soles de México: memoria de un milenio'' (2000) ISBN 84-322-1063-3

''En esto creo'' (2002) ISBN 9705800871

''Contra Bush'' (2004) ISBN 9681914503

''Los 68'' (2005) ISBN 030727415

Theater

''Todos los gatos son pardos'' (1970)

''El tuerto es rey'' (1970).

''Los reinos originarios'' (1971)

''Orquídeas a la luz de la luna. Comedia mexicana.'' (1982)

''Ceremonias del alba'' (1990)

Screenplays

''¿No oyes ladrar los perros?'' (1974)

''Pedro Páramo'' (1968)

Further reading

;English

''Magic Lens. The Transformation of the Visual Arts in the Narrative World of Carlos Fuentes''. Lanin A Gyurko (New Orleans: University Press of the South, 2010).

''The Shattered Screen. Myth and Demythification in the Art of Carlos Fuentes and Billy Wilder''. Lanin A Gyurko (New Orleans: University Press of the South, 2009).

''Lifting the obsidian mask : the artistic vision of Carlos Fuentes''. Lanin A Gyurko, 2007

''Mexican Writers on Writing''. Margaret Sayers Peden (Trinity University Press, 2007).

''Carlos Fuentes' The death of Artemio Cruz (Modern Critical Interpretations)''. Harold Bloom, 2006

''Fuentes, Terra nostra, and the reconfiguration of Latin American culture''. Michael Abeyta, 2006

''Carlos Fuentes's Terra nostra and the Kabbalah: the recreation of the Hispanic world''. Sheldon Penn, 2003

''The narrative of Carlos Fuentes : family, text, nation''. Steven Boldy, 2002

''Carlos Fuentes, Mexico and modernity''. Van Delden, Maarten, 1998

''The postmodern Fuentes''. Helmuth, Chalene, 1997

''Specular narratives : critical perspectives on Carlos Fuentes, Juan Goytisolo, Mario Vargas Llosa''. Roy Boland, 1997

''The writings of Carlos Fuentes''. Williams, Raymond L, 1996

''A Marxist reading of Fuentes, Vargas Llosa, and Puig''. Durán, Víctor M, 1994

''Author, text, and reader in the novels of Carlos Fuentes''. Ibsen, Kristine, 1993

''Carlos Fuentes : life, work, and criticism''. González, Alfonso, 1987

''Carlos Fuentes''. Faris, Wendy B, 1983

''Carlos Fuentes, a critical view''. Brody, Robert, 1982

''The archetypes of Carlos Fuentes: from witch to androgyne''. Durán, Gloria, 1980

''Carlos Fuentes'' (Twayne World Authors Series). Guzmán, Daniel de, 1972

;Spanish

''El mito en la obra narrativa de Carlos Fuentes'', Francisco Javier Ordiz, 2005

''Los signos del laberinto : Terra nostra de Carlos Fuentes'', Carmen V Vidaurre Arenas, 2004

''Países de la memoria y el deseo : Jorge Luis Borges y Carlos Fuentes'', Carmen Perilli, 2004

''Carlos Fuentes : perspectivas críticas'', Edith Negrín, 2002

''Carlos Fuentes desde la crítica'', Georgina García-Gutiérrez, 2001

''El lenguaje que somos : Carlos Fuentes y el pensamiento de lo hispanoamericano'', Estela Marta Saint-André, 2001

''Los escritos de Carlos Fuentes'', Raymond L Williams, 1998

''Carlos Fuentes : 40 años de escritor'', José Francisco Conde, 1993

''Interpretaciones a la obra de Carlos Fuentes'', Ana Maria Hernández de López, 1990

''Fabulación de la fe : Carlos Fuentes'', Fernando García Núñez, 1989

''La obra de Carlos Fuentes : una visión múltiple'', Ana María Hernández de López, 1988

''Lo fantástico en los relatos de Carlos Fuentes : aproximación teórica'', Gladys Feijoo, 1985

''El cuento mexicano contemporáneo : Rulfo, Arreola y Fuentes'', Bertie Acker, 1984

''La narrativa de Carlos Fuentes'', Aida Elsa Ramírez Mattei, 1983

''Los disfraces : la obra mestiza de Carlos Fuentes'', Georgina García-Gutiérrez, 1981

''Nostalgia del futuro en la obra de Carlos Fuentes'', Liliana Befumo Boschi, 1974

''Aproximación a la literatura del mexicano Carlos Fuentes'', Luján Carranza, 1974

''Carlos Fuentes y la realidad de México'', Fidel Ortega Martínez, 1969

''Constancia: Y Otras Novelas Para Virgenes'', 1990

References

External links

''Old Gringo'', One of the greatest Spanish novels ever

;Interviews

"Mexico Needs an Overhaul" An Interview with Carlos Fuentes

''In praise of the novel'' Carlos Fuentes' opening speech at the Fifth International Literature Festival Berlin at signandsight.com.

KCRW Bookworm Interview

;Articles

Making Love in Spanish - Carlos Fuentes and The Eagle's Throne

'Sick Culture' Review essay that includes a piece on Fuentes's ''Myself With Others'' by William A. Nericcio, a Latin Americanist cultural studies professor at SDSU, 1990

Where the Air Is Clear: A Short Review at nthWORD Magazine Shorts, 2010

Category:1928 births Category:Living people Category:Brown University faculty Category:Harvard University staff Category:Huizinga Lecturers Category:Magic realism writers Category:Massey Lecturers Category:Members of El Colegio Nacional Category:Members of the Mexican Academy of Language Category:Mexican columnists Category:Mexican diplomats Category:Mexican novelists Category:Mexican writers Category:National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni Category:People from Panama City Category:Postmodern writers Category:Premio Cervantes winners Category:Princeton University faculty Category:Recipients of the Belisario Domínguez Medal Category:University of Pennsylvania faculty

bn:কালোর্স ফুয়েন্তেস bg:Карлос Фуентес ca:Carlos Fuentes Macías cs:Carlos Fuentes de:Carlos Fuentes el:Κάρλος Φουέντες es:Carlos Fuentes eo:Carlos Fuentes eu:Carlos Fuentes fa:کارلوس فوئنتس fr:Carlos Fuentes gl:Carlos Fuentes ko:카를로스 푸엔테스 io:Carlos Fuentes ia:Carlos Fuentes it:Carlos Fuentes la:Carolus Fuentes hu:Carlos Fuentes nah:Carlos Fuentes nl:Carlos Fuentes ja:カルロス・フエンテス no:Carlos Fuentes oc:Carlos Fuentes pl:Carlos Fuentes pt:Carlos Fuentes qu:Carlos Fuentes ru:Фуэнтес, Карлос simple:Carlos Fuentes ckb:کاڕلۆس فوێنتێس sr:Карлос Фуентес fi:Carlos Fuentes sv:Carlos Fuentes tr:Carlos Fuentes vi:Carlos Fuentes yo:Carlos Fuentes zh:卡洛斯·富恩特斯

Alexandra Wallace (born 1966) is the current executive producer of NBC Nightly News with Brian Williams. She graduated from Columbia University, where she majored in English literature, in 1988, after which she spent a year working in the media industry in London. She then worked for CBS News for seventeen years before joining NBC to work on the Today Show. She is married to an administrator of a private school in Manhattan, with whom she has two children.

External links

Biography at NBC Nightly News

NY Times story on Wallace

Category:1966 births Category:Living people Category:American television news producers Category:Columbia University alumni Category:Emmy Award winners Category:NBC News Category:Date of birth missing (living people)

Wayne Cook is an American keyboardist best known for his time with Steppenwolf and Player. He co-wrote the instrumental "Lip Service" and played keyboards on Steppenwolf's 1976 ''Skullduggery'' album. The following year, he joined Player, appearing on their second album ''Danger Zone'' in 1978 and ''Room With A View'' in 1980.

Discography

GoodThunder (1971-1972)

''GoodThunder'' (1972)

Bob "Catfish" Hodge (1975)

''Soap Opera's'' (1975)

Steppenwolf (1976-1977)

''Skullduggery'' (1976)

''The Lost Heritage Tapes'' (Recorded Sept. 1976, Released 1997; album titled as John Kay & Company)

Michael Cassidy (1977)

''Nature's Secret'' (1977)

Stephen Sinclair (1977)

''A+'' (1977)

Player (1977-1978)

''Danger Zone'' (1978)

Joanne MacKell (1978)

''Joanne MacKell'' (1978)

References

Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:American rock keyboardists Category:Steppenwolf (band) members

es:Wayne Cook

number	9
position	Point guard
height ft	6
height in	2
weight lb	180
team	San Antonio Spurs
birth date	May 17, 1982
birth place	Bruges, Belgium
nationality	French
draft year	2001
draft round	1
draft pick	28
draft team	San Antonio Spurs
career start	1999
years1	1999–2001 | team1 Paris Basket Racing (France)
years2	–present | team2 San Antonio Spurs
years3	2011 | team3 → ASVEL Lyon-Villeurbanne (France)
highlights	3× NBA Champion (2003, 2005, 2007) NBA Finals MVP (2007) 4× NBA All-Star (2006–2007, 2009, 2012) All-NBA Third Team () NBA All-Rookie First Team () Skills Challenge Champion () French League Rising Star Award (2001) FIBA Europe Under-18 Champion (2000) FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship MVP (2000) European Player of the Year: Euroscar (2007) L'Équipe Champion of Champions: French (2003)
nba profile	tony_parker
letter	p
bbr	parketo01
medaltemplates	}}

}} William Anthony "Tony" Parker (born 17 May 1982) is a French professional basketball player with the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

The son of a professional basketball player, Parker played for two years in the French basketball league before entering the 2001 NBA Draft. He was selected by the San Antonio Spurs with the 28th overall pick in the draft and quickly became their starting point guard, helping the Spurs win three NBA Championships in 2003, 2005 and 2007. Employing his pace and high field goal percentage to great effect, Parker has been selected as an NBA All-Star four times, an All-NBA Third Team member once, and was the 2007 NBA Finals MVP.

Parker is also a music artist with his own music album ''TP''. He married actress Eva Longoria, best known for her role in the ABC television series ''Desperate Housewives'', on 7 July 2007. In November 2010, both parties filed for divorce.

Early life

Parker was born in Bruges, Belgium, but raised in France. His father, Tony Parker Sr., an African-American, played basketball at Loyola University Chicago, as well as professionally overseas. His mother, Pamela Firestone, is a Dutch model. Parker enjoyed close relationships with his brothers and they would often attend their father's basketball games together. At first, Parker was more interested in soccer, but after watching the evolution of Michael Jordan into a global basketball superstar, he changed his mind. Moreover, Parker's two younger brothers were also heavily involved in basketball; T.J. and Pierre would go on to play basketball at college and professional levels. As Parker built his skill, his lack of size (notwithstanding a growth spurt at 15) decided his position on-court. He played the point guard position, recognizing that his speed and agility made this position ideal for him. He was eventually talent-spotted and asked to attend the National Institute for Sports and Physical Education in Paris. After playing in the French amateur leagues for two seasons, Parker turned professional and signed with Paris Basket Racing in 1999.

In the summer of 2000, Parker was invited to the Nike Hoop Summit in Indianapolis. There, in front of professional scouts and college coaches, he competed against the likes of future NBA players Darius Miles, Zach Randolph and Omar Cook. In a contest between the American and European All-Stars, Parker recorded 20 points, seven assists, four rebounds and two steals. The Frenchman's performance prompted a recruiting war between several colleges, including UCLA and Georgia Tech who were on the verge of persuading Parker to join them. However, Parker decided to forgo the NCAA and to remain in France; he spent the next two years with Paris Basket Racing in the French League before entering the 2001 NBA Draft.

Career

San Antonio Spurs

First championship

Prior to the 2001 NBA Draft, Parker was invited to the San Antonio Spurs summer camp. Parker's first experiences were daunting as coach Gregg Popovich had him play against Spurs scout and ex-NBA player Lance Blanks. Parker was so overwhelmed by Blank's tough and physical defense that Popovich was ready to send him away after just 10 minutes. But after seeing a "best of" mix tape of Parker's best plays, Popovich decided to invite Parker a second time. This time, Parker made a better impression against Blanks; the Frenchman later described Blanks as a "one-man wrecking crew". But while Popovich decided that Parker was worth the gamble, the Spurs still had to hope that other teams would not pick Parker during the draft. As it were, Parker's name was barely mentioned in the pre-draft predictions and the point guard was drafted 28th overall by the Spurs on draft day.

After initially playing backup to Antonio Daniels, Parker was made a starter and made 77 regular season appearances in his rookie season, averaging 9.2 points, 4.3 assists and 2.6 rebounds in 29.4 minutes per game. When he played against the Los Angeles Clippers on 30 November 2001, he became the third French player ever to play in an NBA game, after Tariq Abdul-Wahad and Jerome Moiso. Parker brought to the Spurs a greater tempo in their game, getting his teammates better looks at the basket whenever he was involved in transition offense. He could also hit open jump shots, and this created greater space for the big men on the team, Tim Duncan and David Robinson. By the end of the season, the rookie led San Antonio in assists and steals, and was named to the All-Rookie First Team for 2001–02, becoming the first foreign-born guard to earn the honor. Although the Spurs were eliminated during the playoffs, Parker's performances did not go unnoticed.

In 2002-03, Parker played in all 82 regular season games as San Antonio's starting point guard on a team that was largely revamped from previous years. He improved his regular season statistics significantly, averaging 15.5 points per game (ppg), 5.3 assists per game (apg) and 2.6 rebounds per game (rpg). Parker's role as the team's playmaker was reflected in his leading the team in assists on 49 occasions. During the 2003 NBA All-Star Weekend, Parker represented the Sophomores in the Got Milk? Rookie Challenge, and also participated in the inaugural 989 Sports Skills Challenge. In the post season, Parker recorded two career bests in scoring as the Spurs, led by Tim Duncan, defeated the New Jersey Nets 4–2 in the finals, and Parker earned his first NBA championship ring. Despite the victory, Parker struggled with inconsistent play throughout the playoffs, and was often substituted for the more experienced guards Steve Kerr and Speedy Claxton late in the games. Throughout the season, Parker also felt that he was often criticized too harshly by coach Popovich; in retrospect, coach Popovich admitted he was critical of his young playmaker, stating he wanted Parker to build a thick skin and mature sooner than his peers.

Second championship

Despite winning a championship with the Spurs, doubts lingered over Parker's future. The Spurs had attempted and failed to acquire New Jersey Nets' Jason Kidd, but Parker told coach Popovich that he wanted to be San Antonio's starting point guard and he was ready to work hard to become a great player. Parker played well during the regular season, recording 14.7 ppg, 5.5 apg and 3.2 rpg. However, the Spurs were defeated by perennial rivals Los Angeles Lakers in the Western Conference semi-finals in the 2004 NBA Playoffs, and the favorites were denied back-to-back titles.

During the 2004–05 season, Parker recorded improved regular season statistics, securing career-highs of 16.6 ppg, 6.1 apg and 3.7 rpg. He was also ranked 13th in the league in total assists, and was third among point guards in field goal percentage. The Spurs were strong in the playoffs, and Parker was instrumental in the victories over the Denver Nuggets, Seattle SuperSonics and Phoenix Suns. However, the Frenchman struggled in the Finals series against the Detroit Pistons. Spurs colleagues Manu Ginóbili and Brent Barry often took over playmaking duties as Parker was unable to perform as well as he did in the regular season. Pitted against ex-Finals MVP and All-Defensive Team member Chauncey Billups, Parker's jump shot became inconsistent, and his trademark drives to the hoop were often smothered by the defensively strong Pistons frontcourt anchored by four-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year Ben Wallace. Nevertheless, with the combination of Tim Duncan's consistent performances, the emergence of Argentine star Ginóbili and Parker operating as playmaker, the Spurs won their third ever NBA championship by defeating the defending champions 4–3 in the 2005 NBA Finals.

Third championship

Parker was selected for the first time in his career an NBA All-Star for the 2005–06 season as he managed a regular season career-high 18.9 ppg and a solid .548 in field goal percentage. Parker's scoring average was even higher than Duncan's, and his form propelled the Spurs to a 63–19 win–loss record and qualification for the 2006 NBA Playoffs. However, the top-seeded Spurs were again unable to win back-to-back titles as they were eliminated in the second round by the Dallas Mavericks.

On 14 February 2007, after delivering consistent numbers in the first half of the 2006–07 season, Parker was selected to play in the 2007 NBA All-Star Game as a reserve guard. With Parker operating as the starting point guard in the 2006–07 season, the Spurs qualified for the 2007 NBA Playoffs and finished second in the Southwest Division. In the Western Conference Semifinals, the Spurs met the Phoenix Suns led by two-time and reigning NBA MVP Steve Nash. In the match-up versus the best point guard of his generation, Parker used his speed to score an easy layup, or hit with his improved mid-range jump shot. Suns coach Mike D'Antoni even used All-Defensive Team forward Shawn Marion to cover Parker, but the Frenchman used the pick and roll to beat his much bigger counterpart. After eliminating the Suns, the Spurs defeated the Utah Jazz 4–1 to win the Western Conference Finals. Parker and the Spurs went on to face the Cleveland Cavaliers and swept them 4–0 to win the 2007 NBA Finals. In this series, Parker consistently outplayed his Cavaliers counterparts Daniel Gibson and All-Defensive Team member Larry Hughes and scored a series-high 24.5 points, accompanied by a high field goal percentage of 56.8% and of 57.1% from three point range. For his performances, he was named the 2007 NBA Finals MVP, becoming the first European-born player to receive the award.

The next era

In the 2007–08 regular season, Parker recorded similar averages as the previous two seasons for points and rebounds, and set a career-high for assists per game. The Spurs finished third in the Western Conference and faced the Phoenix Suns in the first round of the 2008 NBA Playoffs. For the third time in four years, San Antonio prevailed over Phoenix; Parker had an outstanding first round series, averaging nearly 30 points and 7 assists a game. In the next round against Chris Paul's New Orleans Hornets, the Spurs dropped the first two road games before responding with a strong win in the third game. In that game, Parker recorded a double-double with 31 points and 11 assists. The experienced Spurs took seven games to defeat the Hornets, but were unable to get past arch-rivals Los Angeles Lakers in the Conference Finals, and the Spurs once again failed to capture back-to-back NBA championships.

San Antonio got off to a rocky start in their 2008–09 NBA season, losing the first three contests. In their fourth game against the Minnesota Timberwolves, however, Parker scored a career-high 55 points to lead the Spurs to their first victory of the campaign. The Spurs recovered soon enough, and approached the All-Star break ranked second in the Conference. With Parker averaging career-highs in points and assists per game, he was named as a reserve for the 2009 All-Star game. The Spurs were without influential shooting guard Ginóbili for much for the season, and greater responsibility fell on Parker's shoulders. Assisting the team to a 54–28 record and the third seed for the playoffs, Parker also registered career-highs in points and assists per game. In Game 4 of the first round against Dallas, Parker matched George Gervin's franchise playoff record for points in a half with 31. However, the Spurs were put on the back pedal from the start and eventually lost 4–1, bowing out of the playoffs in the first round for the first time since 2000. Parker's 28.6 points and 4.2 rebounds per game broke his previous playoffs career-best averages of 22.4 points and 3.7 rebounds. On 13 May 2009, he was named to the All-NBA Third Team.

ASVEL Villeurbanne

During the 2011 NBA lockout, Parker signed with ASVEL Villeurbanne, the team that he owns a stake in. However, unlike other players who signed lucrative contract overseas during the lockout, Parker opted to play in his home country for minimum wage. Parker, who in the summer had received a four-year contract extension from the Spurs worth over $50 million, received only $ 2,000 per month from ASVEL. He also paid his own insurance, which reportedly cost $ 250,000 for three months.

International career

}} Parker played for France's Junior National Teams at the 1997 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship, both the 1998 and 2000 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championships, and the 2002 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship. He was elected the Most Valuable Player of the 2000 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship, when France captured the gold medal, and Parker averaged 25.8 points, 6.8 assists and 6.8 steals per game. With the French senior national team, Parker has played in the 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009 FIBA European Championships.

France won the bronze medal in the 2005 FIBA European Championships, by defeating the Spanish national team 98–68 in the bronze medal game. As the captain of the French national team since 2003, Parker was slated to lead France at the 2006 FIBA World Championship, but he was unable to play after breaking a finger when he caught his hand in the jersey of a Brazilian national team player in France's final warm up for the tournament. During the 2007 FIBA European Championship, Parker averaged 20.1 points per game and 2.8 assists per game in nine tournament games, but France was defeated in the quarter-finals by the Russian national team. He passed the 2010 FIBA World Championship to recover fully from some injuries he had during the 2009–10 NBA season. Parker returned to the team in 2011, and France reached the finals of the FIBA European Championship, losing to Spain.

Player profile

Parker plays the point guard position and has established himself as a potent scorer. Voted by his peers in a 2007 poll as one of the quickest players in the NBA, he often slashes to the basket for a layup or teardrop shot. Despite his relatively small size for a basketball player (6'2"), he led the league in "points in the paint" for a large portion of the 2005–06 season.

In the initial part of his NBA career, Parker was still considered an erratic shooter of the ball and during the 2005 off-season, coach Popovich decided to work on this aspect of his play. Seeing his mediocre shooting percentages (at that point, Parker only hit 65% of his free throws, and only 27.6% of his three point shots), he let him train extra sessions with Spurs shooting coach Chip Engelland. Engelland forbade Parker to shoot any three point shots, and among others, corrected his shooting motion and his thumb position. As a result, by the 2006–07 season, Parker had reduced his three point shots by 117 while shooting 147 more normal field goal attempts compared to 2005, and his accuracy rose by 4% (field goals and three point shots) and he was able to connect on 78% of his free throws that season. Parker's field goal percentage is also high for a point guard, and his speed also makes him a fast break player. However, his style of play has had adverse effects on his knees (tendinitis).

Honors

Team honors

* NBA Champion: 2003, 2005, 2007

* French League Rising Star Award: 2001

Individual honors

* NBA Championship Finals MVP: 2007

* NBA All-Star: 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

* All-NBA Third Team: 2009

* All-time leader in assists for San Antonio

Member of the 2006 San Antonio All-Star Shooting Stars team. He sealed the victory by making the half-court shot on his first attempt, setting an All-Star Shooting Star record time of 25.1 seconds. He was joined on the team by retired Spur Steve Kerr, and Kendra Wecker from the San Antonio Silver Stars of the WNBA.

Junior national team

* FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship Gold Medal: 2000

Individual honors for junior national team

* FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship MVP: 2000

Senior national team

* Silver medal at the 2011 FIBA European Championship

* Bronze medal at the 2005 FIBA European Championship

Other honors

* Inducted into the Legion of Honor with the rank of Chevalier: 2007

European Player of the Year: Euroscar: 2007

* On the cover of NBA Live 09

NBA career statistics

:''Correct as of 29 April 2012''

Regular season

|- | style="text-align:left;"| 2001–02 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 77 || 72 || 29.4 || .419 || .323 || .675 || 2.6 || 4.3 || 1.2 || .1 || 9.2 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2002–03 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 82 || 82 || 33.8 || .464 || .337 || .755 || 2.6 || 5.3 || .9 || .1 || 15.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2003–04 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 75 || 75 || 34.4 || .447 || .312 || .702 || 3.2 || 5.5 || .8 || .1 || 14.7 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2004–05 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 80 || 80 || 34.2 || .482 || .276 || .650 || 3.7 || 6.1 || 1.2 || .1 || 16.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2005–06 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 80 || 80 || 33.9 || .548 || .306 || .707 || 3.3 || 5.8 || 1.0 || .1 || 18.9 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2006–07 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 77 || 77 || 32.5 || .520 || .395 || .783 || 3.2 || 5.5 || 1.1 || .1 || 18.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2007–08 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 69 || 68 || 33.5 || .494 || .258 || .715 || 3.2 || 6.0 || .8 || .1 || 18.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2008–09 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 72 || 71 || 34.1 || .506 || .292 || .782 || 3.1 || 6.9 || .9 || .1 || 22.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2009–10 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 56 || 50 || 30.9 || .487 || .294 || .756 || 2.4 || 5.7 || .5 || .1 || 16.0 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2010–11 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 78 || 78 || 32.4 || .519 || .357 || .769 || 3.1 || 6.6 || 1.2 || .0 || 17.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2011–12 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 60 || 60 || 32.0 || .480 || .230 || .799 || 2.9 || 7.7 || 1.0 || .1 || 18.3 |- | style="text-align:left;"| Career | style="text-align:left;"| | 806 || 793 || 32.9 || .492 || .310 || .738 || 3.0 || 5.9 || 1.0 || .1 || 16.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| All-Star | style="text-align:left;"| | 4 || 0 || 19.0 || .548 || .000 || 1.000 || 2.0 || 5.5 || .8 || .0 || 9.0

Playoffs

|- | style="text-align:left;"| 2002 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 10 || 10 || 34.1 || .456 || .370 || .750 || 2.9 || 4.0 || .9 || .1 || 15.5 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2003 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 24 || 24 || 33.9 || .403 || .268 || .713 || 2.8 || 3.5 || .9 || .1 || 14.7 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2004 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 10 || 10 || 38.6 || .429 || .395 || .657 || 2.1 || 7.0 || 1.3 || .1 || 18.4 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2005 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 23 || 23 || 37.3 || .454 || .188 || .632 || 2.9 || 4.3 || .7 || .1 || 17.2 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2006 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 13 || 13 || 36.5 || .460 || .222 || .810 || 3.6 || 3.8 || 1.0 || .1 || 21.1 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2007 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 20 || 20 || 37.6 || .480 || .333 || .679 || 3.4 || 5.8 || 1.1 || .0 || 20.8 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2008 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 17 || 17 || 38.5 || .497 || .350 || .753 || 3.7 || 6.1 || .9 || .1 || 22.4 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2009 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 5 || 5 || 36.2 || .546 || .214 || .710 || 4.2 || 6.8 || 1.2 || .2 || 28.6 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2010 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 10 || 2 || 33.5 || .474 || .667 || .595 || 3.8 || 5.4 || .6 || .0 || 17.3 |- | style="text-align:left;"| 2011 | style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio | 6 || 6 || 36.8 || .462 || .125 || .756 || 2.7 || 5.2 || 1.3 || .3 || 19.7 |- | style="text-align:left;"| Career | style="text-align:left;"| | 138 || 130 || 36.3 || .461 || .293 || .708 || 3.1 || 4.9 || 1.0 || .1 || 18.8

Off the court

ASVEL Villeurbanne

In 2009, Parker bought a 20 percent stake in the French ASVEL Villeurbanne club; he currently holds the ceremonial title of Vice President of Basketball Operations. Parker has the option to purchase an additional 20 percent and assume the club's presidency, presumably when he retires from the NBA. During the 2011 NBA lockout, Parker signed to play for ASVEL for minimum wage until the lockout ends.

Family life

Parker's parents continue to remain influential in his life even after their divorce. His mother, a health-food coach, gives him tips on healthy eating, while he discusses his performance after each game with his father over the phone.

Parker met actress Eva Longoria, seven years his senior, in November 2004. In August 2005, Longoria confirmed she and Parker were dating, and on 30 November 2006, the couple became engaged. Longoria, a Texas native from nearby Corpus Christi, was a courtside regular at Spurs home games. Parker was quoted during the 2007 NBA All-Star Game saying that, "Eva is doing everything, I'm just going to show up and say yes." They were officially married in a civil service on 6 July 2007, at a Paris city hall. It was followed by a full Roman Catholic wedding ceremony at the Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Church in Paris, France, on 7 July 2007. Fellow Frenchman and NBA player Boris Diaw was Parker's best man for the wedding.

In December 2007, tabloid websites and magazines reported that Parker had been having an extramarital affair with supposed model Alexandra Paressant. Both Parker and Longoria vehemently denied these allegations through their spokespeople, saying "All high profile couples fall victim to these sorts of things in the course of their relationships. It appears that this is not the first time this woman has used an athlete to gain public notoriety." Parker initiated a $20 million lawsuit against the website that first reported the story, which later issued a full retraction and an apology, stating "X17online.com and X7 [sic], Inc. regret having been misled by Ms. Paressant and her representatives and apologize to Mr. Parker for any damage or inconvenience this may have caused him or his wife."

On 17 November 2010, Longoria filed for divorce in Los Angeles, citing "irreconcilable differences", and seeking spousal support from Parker. The couple had a prenuptial agreement that was signed in June 2007, the month before their wedding, and amended two years later in June 2009. Longoria believed that Parker had been cheating on her with another woman;. ''Extra'' identified the other woman as Erin Barry, the wife of Brent Barry, Parker's former teammate, and revealed that the Barrys are also in the midst of a divorce. On 19 November 2010, Parker filed for divorce from Longoria in Bexar County, Texas on the grounds of "discord or conflict of personalities", thus establishing a legal battle over where the divorce case would be heard. Unlike Longoria's divorce petition, Parker's did not mention a prenuptial agreement and claimed that the parties "will enter into an agreement for the division of their estate". The divorce was finalized in Texas on 28 January 2011, the same day Longoria's lawyer filed papers to dismiss her Los Angeles petition.

Philanthropy

In the field of philanthropy, Parker donates a block of 20 tickets for each home game to underprivileged youth. Parker is also the first ambassador for Make-A-Wish France. The Foundation is a non-profit organization that grants wishes to children with life-threatening medical conditions. On his personal website, Parker states: "I already knew Make-A-Wish as it is very famous around the world and I have previously taken part in the granting of wishes by meeting children and their families. I decided to commit to working with Make-A-Wish France when I understood the true dedication there and I realized that I could help to grant as many wishes as possible."

Music

Parker is an avid fan of hip-hop music and rap. He has released a French hip-hop album titled ''TP'' with producer Polygrafic (Sound Scientists). The singles taken from the album include: "Top of the Game", featuring rapper Fabolous and Booba, was released in March 2007. The accompanying video features Spurs teammate Tim Duncan, as well as former teammates Robert Horry, Brent Barry, and Nazr Mohammed. "Balance-toi", which features Longoria. It reached number one position in the SNEP official French chart staying there for one week. "Premier Love" (with Parker doing the French part and singer Rickwell the English part).

Other interests

Parker was also involved in the Paris bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics. His reaction to London's successful bid was: "I don't know what else we could have done. If we don't have it now, I guess we will never get it. The IOC seems to be very pro-Anglo-Saxon. I feel extremely gutted."

Parker has a well-known friendship with compatriot footballer Thierry Henry. The two were often seen together at some of Parker's NBA games. Parker was seen with his wife at Euro 2008 during one of France's matches.

In 2012, Parker and his brothers opened a nightclub, Nueve Lounge, in San Antonio.

See also

List of National Basketball Association career playoff assists leaders

List of National Basketball Association career playoff turnovers leaders

List of French NBA players

Notes

External links

Tony Parker – Official Site

Tony Parker Player Profile (InterBasket)

Category:1982 births Category:Living people Category:Point guards Category:French emigrants to the United States Category:San Antonio Spurs players Category:San Antonio Spurs draft picks Category:People from Bruges Category:People from San Antonio, Texas Category:French Roman Catholics Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:People of African American descent Category:French people of Dutch descent Category:French people of American descent Category:NBA Finals MVP Award winners Category:French expatriate basketball people in the United States Category:French basketball players Category:ASVEL Basket players Category:National Basketball Association All-Stars

bg:Тони Паркър br:Tony Parker ca:Tony Parker cs:Tony Parker da:Tony Parker de:Tony Parker et:Tony Parker el:Τόνι Πάρκερ es:Tony Parker fa:تونی پارکر fr:Tony Parker gl:Tony Parker hy:Թոնի Պարկեր hr:Tony Parker id:Tony Parker it:Tony Parker he:טוני פארקר la:Antonius Parker lv:Tonijs Pārkers lt:Tony Parker hu:Tony Parker nl:Tony Parker ja:トニー・パーカー no:Tony Parker pl:Tony Parker pt:Tony Parker ru:Паркер, Тони simple:Tony Parker sr:Тони Паркер fi:Tony Parker sv:Tony Parker th:โทนี พาร์กเกอร์ tr:Tony Parker vls:Tony Parker zh:托尼·帕克