Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
Name	Michelle Pfeiffer
Birth name	Michelle Marie Pfeiffer
Birth date	April 29, 1958
Birth place	Santa Ana, California, U.S.
Years active	1978–present
Occupation	Actress, singer
Spouse	Peter Horton (1981–1988)David E. Kelley (1993–present)
Children	2
Relatives	Dedee Pfeiffer (sister) }}

Michelle Marie Pfeiffer (; born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. She made her film debut in 1980 in ''The Hollywood Knights'', but first garnered mainstream attention with her performance in Brian De Palma's ''Scarface'' (1983). Pfeiffer has won numerous awards for her work. She received six consecutive Golden Globe Award nominations, winning the Best Actress in a Motion Picture Drama award in 1990 for ''The Fabulous Baker Boys''. She also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for ''Dangerous Liaisons'', and the Silver Bear for Best Actress for ''Love Field'', and has been nominated for three Academy Awards for the same films.

Pfeiffer rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s with critically acclaimed performances in the films ''Dangerous Liaisons'' (1988), ''Married to the Mob'' (1988), ''The Fabulous Baker Boys'' (1989), ''The Russia House'' (1990), ''Frankie and Johnny'' (1991), ''Love Field'' (1992), ''Batman Returns'' (1992), and ''The Age of Innocence'' (1993).

She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 6, 2007. The star is located at 6801 Hollywood Boulevard.

Early life

Pfeiffer was born in Santa Ana, California, the second of four children of Richard Pfeiffer, a heating and air-conditioning contractor, and Donna (née Taverna), a homemaker. She has one elder brother, Rick, and two younger sisters, Dedee Pfeiffer, a television and film actress, and Lori Pfeiffer. Her father was of Dutch, German, and Irish descent, and her mother was of Swiss and Swedish ancestry. The family moved to Midway City, where Pfeiffer spent her childhood. She attended Fountain Valley High School, graduating in 1978. She worked as a check-out girl at Vons supermarket, and attended Golden West College. After a short stint training to be a court stenographer, she decided upon an acting career. She won the Miss Orange County beauty pageant in 1978, and participated in Miss California the same year, finishing in sixth position. Following her participation in these pageants, she acquired an acting agent and began to audition for television and films.

Film career

First television and film appearances

Pfeiffer's early acting appearances included television roles in ''Fantasy Island'', ''Delta House'' and ''BAD Cats'', and small film roles in ''Falling in Love Again'' (1980) with Susannah York, ''The Hollywood Knights'' (1980) opposite Tony Danza, and ''Charlie Chan and the Curse of the Dragon Queen'' (1981), none of which met with much critical or box office success. Pfeiffer later said of her early screen work: "I needed to learn how to act... in the meantime, I was playing bimbos and cashing in on my looks." She appeared in a television commercial for Lux soap, and took acting lessons at the Beverly Hills Playhouse, before appearing in three further television movies – ''Callie and Son'' (1981) with Lindsay Wagner, ''The Children Nobody Wanted'' (1981), and a remake of ''Splendor in the Grass''. She then landed her first major film role as Stephanie Zinone in ''Grease 2'' (1982), the sequel to the smash-hit musical ''Grease'' (1978). The film was a critical and commercial failure, although Pfeiffer herself received some positive attention, notably from the ''New York Times'', which said "although she is a relative screen newcomer, Miss Pfeiffer manages to look much more insouciant and comfortable than anyone else in the cast." Despite escaping the critical mauling, Pfeiffer's agent later admitted that her association with the film meant that "she couldn't get any jobs. Nobody wanted to hire her."

Mainstream attention

Director Brian De Palma, having seen ''Grease 2'', refused to audition Pfeiffer for ''Scarface'' (1983), but relented upon the producer's insistence. She was cast as cocaine-addicted trophy wife Elvira Hancock. The film was considered excessively violent by most critics, but became a commercial hit and gained a large cult following in subsequent years. Pfeiffer received positive reviews for her supporting turn; Richard Corliss of ''Time Magazine'' wrote, "most of the large cast is fine: Michelle Pfeiffer is better..." while Dominick Dunne, in an article for ''Vanity Fair'' titled "Blonde Ambition", wrote, "[s]he is on the verge of stardom. In the parlance of the industry, she is hot."

Following ''Scarface'', she accepted the roles of Isabeau d'Anjou in Richard Donner's fantasy film ''Ladyhawke'' (1985) opposite Rutger Hauer and Matthew Broderick, Diana in John Landis' comedy ''Into the Night'' (1985) opposite Jeff Goldblum, Faith Healy in Alan Alda's ''Sweet Liberty'' (1986) opposite Michael Caine, and Brenda Landers in a segment of the 1950s sci-fi parody ''Amazon Women on the Moon'' (1987), all of which, despite achieving only modest commercial success, helped to establish her as an actress. She finally scored a major box-office hit as Sukie Ridgemont in the 1987 adaptation of John Updike's novel ''The Witches of Eastwick'', alongside Jack Nicholson, Cher and Susan Sarandon. The film grossed $63,766,510 domestically (equivalent to $}} million in dollars ).

Critical acclaim

Pfeiffer was cast against type, as a murdered gangster's widowed moll on the run, in Jonathan Demme's mafia comedy ''Married to the Mob'' (1988), opposite Matthew Modine, Dean Stockwell and Mercedes Ruehl. For the role of Angela de Marco, she donned a curly brunette wig and a Brooklyn accent, and received her first Golden Globe Award nomination as Best Actress in a Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, beginning a six-year streak of consecutive Best Actress nominations at the Golden Globes. Pfeiffer then appeared as chic restauranteuse Jo Ann Vallenari in ''Tequila Sunrise'' (1988) opposite Mel Gibson and Kurt Russell, but experienced creative and personal differences with director Robert Towne, who later described her as the "most difficult" actress he has ever worked with.

At Demme's personal recommendation, Pfeiffer joined the cast of Stephen Frears's ''Dangerous Liaisons'' (1988) alongside Glenn Close and John Malkovich, playing the virtuous victim of seduction, Madame Marie de Tourvel. Her performance won her widespread acclaim; Hal Hinson of the ''Washington Post'' saw Pfeiffer's role as "the least obvious and the most difficult. Nothing is harder to play than virtue, and Pfeiffer is smart enough not to try. Instead, she embodies it. Her porcelain-skinned beauty, in this regard, is a great asset, and the way it's used makes it seem an aspect of her spirituality." She won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Pfeiffer then accepted the role of Susie Diamond, a hard-edged former call girl turned lounge singer, in ''The Fabulous Baker Boys'' (1989), which co-starred Jeff Bridges and Beau Bridges as the eponymous Baker Boys. She underwent intensive voice training for the role for fourth months, and performed all of her character's vocals. The film was a modest success, grossing $18,428,904 domestically (equivalent to $}} million in dollars ). Pfeiffer's portrayal of Susie, however, drew raves from critics. Janet Maslin, from ''The New York Times'', wrote of the performance "[...]she proves to be electrifyingly right. Introducing Ms. Pfeiffer's furiously hard-boiled, devastatingly gorgeous Susie into the Bakers' world affects the film the way a match might affect a fuse," while Roger Ebert compared her to Rita Hayworth in ''Gilda'' and Marilyn Monroe in ''Some Like It Hot'', and described the film as "one of the movies they will use as a document, years from now, when they begin to trace the steps by which Pfeiffer became a great star." ''Variety'' singled out her performance of 'Makin' Whoopee', writing that Pfeiffer "hits the spot in the film's certain-to-be-remembered highlight... crawling all over a piano in a blazing red dress. She's dynamite." During the 1989–1990 awards season, Pfeiffer dominated the Best Actress category at every major awards ceremony, winning awards at the Golden Globes, the National Board of Review, the National Society of Film Critics, the New York Film Critics Circle, the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress and the Chicago Film Critics Association. At the Academy Awards, she was favored to win the Best Actress Oscar, but the award went to Jessica Tandy for ''Driving Miss Daisy'' in what was considered a surprise upset. The only other major acting award for which she was nominated that she did not take home for ''The Fabulous Baker Boys'' was the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, which also went to Tandy.

International success

Pfeiffer continued to build on her A-list status in Hollywood, accepting and also turning down many high-profile roles, beginning with the title role in ''Pretty Woman'' (1990), which earned Julia Roberts a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. She took the part of the Soviet book editor Katya Orlova in the 1990 film adaptation of John le Carré's ''The Russia House'', opposite Sean Connery, a role that required her to adopt a Russian accent. For her efforts, she was rewarded with a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama. Pfeiffer then landed the role of damaged waitress Frankie in Garry Marshall's ''Frankie and Johnny'' (1991), a film adaptation of Terrence McNally's Broadway play ''Frankie and Johnny in the Clair de Lune'', which reunited her with her ''Scarface'' co-star, Al Pacino. The casting was seen as controversial by many, as Pfeiffer was considered far too beautiful to play an "ordinary" waitress; Kathy Bates, the original Frankie on Broadway, also expressed disappointment over the producers' choice. Pfeiffer herself stated that she took the role because it "wasn't what people would expect of [her]." Pfeiffer was once again nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama for her performance. During this period, she turned down the role of Clarice Starling in ''The Silence of the Lambs'' (1991), which won Jodie Foster the Academy Award for Best Actress, the role of Catherine Tramell in ''Basic Instinct'' (1992), ultimately played by Sharon Stone, and the role of Louise in Ridley Scott's ''Thelma & Louise'', that eventually went to Geena Davis.

Pfeiffer earned an Academy Award nomination for Actress in a Leading Role and a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture Drama for her performance as Lurene Hallett in the nostalgic independent drama ''Love Field'' (1992). The film that had been temporarily shelved by the financially-troubled Orion Pictures. It was finally released in late 1992, in time for Oscar consideration. The ''New York Times'' review wrote of Pfeiffer as "again demonstrating that she is as subtle and surprising as she is beautiful." For her portrayal of the eccentric Dallas housewife, she won the Silver Bear Best Actress award at the Berlin Film Festival.

Pfeiffer took the role of Catwoman (Selina Kyle) in Tim Burton's ''Batman Returns'' (1992) opposite Michael Keaton and Danny DeVito. For the role of Catwoman, she trained in martial arts and kickboxing; one co-star stated that "Michelle had four stunt doubles – but she did all her own whippin'." Peter Travers of ''Rolling Stone'' praised her for giving the "feminist avenger a tough core of intelligence and wit" and called her a "classic dazzler." Premiere retrospectively lauded her performance: "Arguably the outstanding villain of the Tim Burton era, Michelle Pfeiffer's deadly kitten with a whip brought sex to the normally neutered franchise. Her stitched-together, black patent leather costume, based on a sketch of Burton's, remains the character's most iconic look. And Michelle Pfeiffer overcomes ''Batman Returns''' heavy-handed feminist dialogue to deliver a growling, fierce performance." The movie met a big office success, grossing over $103 million worldwide (equivalent to $}} million).

The following year, she played Countess Ellen Olenska in Martin Scorsese's film adaptation of Edith Wharton's ''The Age of Innocence'' (1993) opposite Daniel Day-Lewis and Winona Ryder, receiving the Elvira Notari Prize at the Venice Film Festival, and a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture. That same year she was awarded the Women in Film Los Angeles' Crystal Award for outstanding women who, through their endurance and the excellence of their work, have helped to expand the role of women within the entertainment industry.

Pfeiffer's subsequent career choices have met with varying degrees of success. After ''The Age of Innocence'', she played the role of Laura Alden opposite Jack Nicholson in ''Wolf'' (1994), a horror film that garnered a mixed critical reception. The ''New York Times'' wrote: "Ms. Pfeiffer's role is underwritten, but her performance is expert enough to make even diffidence compelling". The movie engrossed US$65 million (equivalent to $}} million) in the domestic box office and US$131 million worldwide (equivalent to $}} million). Her next role was that of high school teacher and former US Marine LouAnne Johnson in the surprise box office hit ''Dangerous Minds'' (1995). She appeared as her character in the music video for the soundtrack's lead single, 'Gangsta's Paradise' by Coolio (featuring L.V.), which was used by the producer Jerry Bruckheimer for television advertising. A 60-second version was aired on music channels, while a 30-second cut was aired in the rest of the networks. The song won the 1996 Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance, and the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Rap Video. In 1996, she turned down the Golden Globe Award-winning role of Eva Perón in the biopic ''Evita'', which went to Madonna. Pfeiffer then portrayed Sally Atwater in the romantic drama ''Up Close & Personal'' (1996) opposite Robert Redford; the film's screenplay, co-written by husband and wife team John Gregory Dunne and Joan Didion, was intended to be a biographical account of the career of news anchor Jessica Savitch, but the final version had almost nothing to do with Savitch's life, leading Dunne to write an exposé of his eight-year battle with the Hollywood producers, ''Monster: Living Off the Big Screen''.

She took the role of Gillian Lewis in ''To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday'' (1996), which was adapted by her husband David Kelley from Michael Brady's play of the same same She served as an executive producer and starred as the divorced single mother architect Melanie Parke in the romantic comedy ''One Fine Day'' (1996) opposite George Clooney, Subsequent performances included Rose Cook Lewis in the film adaptation of Jane Smiley's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel ''A Thousand Acres'' (1997) with Jessica Lange and Jennifer Jason Leigh, Beth Cappadora in ''The Deep End of the Ocean'' (1998) about a married couple who found their son who was kidnapped nine years ago, Titania the Queen of the Fairies in ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' (1999) with Kevin Kline, Rupert Everett and Stanley Tucci, and Katie Jordan in Rob Reiner's comedy-drama ''The Story of Us'' (1999) opposite Bruce Willis.

During the 1990s, Pfeiffer attracted comment in the media for her beauty. In 1990, she appeared on the cover of ''People'' magazine's first ''50 Most Beautiful People In The World'' issue. She was again featured on the cover of the annual issue in 1999, having made the "Most Beautiful" list a record six times during the decade (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1999). Pfeiffer is the first celebrity to have appeared on the cover of the annual issue twice, and the only person to be featured on the cover twice during the 1990s.

The Hitchcockian thriller ''What Lies Beneath'' (2000) with Harrison Ford, was a commercial success, opening number one at the box office in July 2000. She then accepted the role of highly-strung lawyer Rita Harrison in ''I Am Sam'' (2001) opposite Sean Penn. The movie received unfavorable critics, The ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' wrote: "Pfeiffer, apparently stymied by the bland clichés that prop up her screechy role, delivers her flattest, phoniest performance ever".

For her performance as murderous artist Ingrid Magnussen in ''White Oleander'' (2002), alongside Alison Lohman in her film début, Renée Zellweger and Robin Wright Penn, Pfeiffer garnered a substantial amount of critical praise. Stephen Holden of the ''New York Times'' wrote that "Ms. Pfeiffer, giving the most complex screen performance of her career, makes her Olympian seductress at once irresistible and diabolical." Kenneth Turan of the ''Los Angeles Times'' described her as "incandescent," bringing "power and unshakable will to her role as mother-master manipulator" in a "riveting, impeccable performance." She earned Best Supporting Actress Awards from the San Diego Film Critics Society and the Kansas City Film Critics Circle, as well as a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination.

Pfeiffer also did voice work in two animated films during this period, voicing Tzipporah in ''The Prince of Egypt'' (1998), in which she introduced the Academy Award–winning song, 'When You Believe', and Eris in ''Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas'' (2003).

Return to film

After a four-year hiatus, during which she remained largely out of the public eye to devote time to her husband and children, she turned down the role of the White Witch in the 2005 fantasy film ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe'', Pfeiffer returned to the screen in 2007 with villainous roles in two major summer blockbusters, as Velma Von Tussle in the film adaptation of the Broadway musical ''Hairspray'' (2007) with John Travolta, Christopher Walken and Queen Latifah, and as ancient witch Lamia in fantasy adventure ''Stardust'' (2007) opposite Claire Danes, Charlie Cox and Robert De Niro.

Pfeiffer then accepted the roles of Rosie in Amy Heckerling's ''I Could Never Be Your Woman'' (2007) with Paul Rudd and Saoirse Ronan, and Linda in ''Personal Effects'' (2009), which she starred opposite Ashton Kutcher and Kathy Bates, and was premiered at Iowa City's Englert Theatre. Her next film, an adaptation of Colette's ''Chéri'' (2009), reunited her with the director (Stephen Frears) and screenwriter (Christopher Hampton) of ''Dangerous Liaisons'' (1988), a film for which all three were nominees for (and, in Hampton's case, recipient of) an Academy Award. Pfeiffer played the role of Léa de Lonval opposite Rupert Friend in the title role, with Kathy Bates as his mother. ''Chéri'' premiered at the Berlin Film Festival in February 2009, and received a nomination for the Golden Bear award. ''The Times'' of London reviewed the film favorably, describing Hampton's screenplay as a "steady flow of dry quips and acerbic one-liners" and Pfeiffer's performance as "magnetic and subtle, her worldly nonchalance a mask for vulnerability and heartache." Roger Ebert in the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' wrote that it was "fascinating to observe how Pfeiffer controls her face and voice during times of painful hurt." Kenneth Turan in the ''Los Angeles Times'' praised the "wordless scenes that catch Léa unawares, with the camera alone seeing the despair and regret that she hides from the world. It's the kind of refined, delicate acting Pfeiffer does so well, and it's a further reminder of how much we've missed her since she's been away." After another short break from film, it had been announced Pfeiffer has signed up for Garry Marshall's romantic comedy ''New Year's Eve'' (Marshall also directed Pfeiffer in 1991's ''Frankie and Johnny'') as well as Chris Pine's ''Welcome to People.'' She will also appear in an adaptation of former television series ''Dark Shadows'' directed by Tim Burton (who Pfeiffer has previously worked with in 1992's ''Batman Returns'') alongside Johnny Depp, Helena Bonham Carter, and Chloe Moretz, in which she will portray the family Matriarch Elizabeth Collins Stoddard.

Theater

In 1989, Pfeiffer made her stage debut in the role of Olivia in ''Twelfth Night'', a New York Shakespeare Festival production staged in Central Park. Other film actors appearing in the play included Jeff Goldblum as Malvolio and Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio as Viola. Frank Rich's review in the ''New York Times'' was extremely critical of the production, stating "Ms. Pfeiffer offers an object lesson in how gifted stars with young careers can be misused by those more interested in exploiting their celebrity status than in furthering their artistic development." Rich praised Pfeiffer's performance in what was then her most recent film, the screwball comedy ''Married to the Mob'', but stating it was "unfortunate that the actress has been asked to make both her stage and Shakespearean comic debut in a role chained to melancholy and mourning."

Personal life

At the start of her career, Pfeiffer met actor Peter Horton at an acting class taught by Milton Katselas in Los Angeles. They married in Santa Monica when Pfeiffer was 22, and it was on their honeymoon that she discovered she had won the lead role in ''Grease 2''. Horton directed Pfeiffer in a 1985 ABC TV special, ''One Too Many'', in which she played the high school girlfriend of an alcoholic student (Val Kilmer); and in 1987, the real-life couple then played an on-screen couple in the 'Hospital' segment of John Landis's comedy skit compilation, ''Amazon Women on the Moon''. However, they decided to separate in 1988, and were divorced two years later; Horton later blamed the split on their devotion to their work rather than their marriage.

In between her marriages to Horton and Kelley, Pfeiffer had a three-year relationship with actor/producer Fisher Stevens. They met when Pfeiffer was starring in the New York Shakespeare Festival production of ''Twelfth Night'', in which Stevens had the part of Sir Andrew Aguecheek.

In 1993, Pfeiffer was set up on a blind date with television writer and producer David E. Kelley, who took her to the movies to see ''Bram Stoker's Dracula'' the following week, and they began dating seriously. They married on November 13, 1993. Since then, she has made an uncredited cameo appearance in one episode of Kelley's television series ''Picket Fences'' and played the title character in ''To Gillian On Her 37th Birthday'', for which Kelley wrote the screenplay. Pfeiffer and Kelley have two children, a daughter named Claudia and a son named John. Pfeiffer, who was by her own admission desperate to start a family, had entered into private adoption proceedings before she met Kelley. Claudia, the biracial baby girl she adopted was born in March 1993. She was christened Claudia Rose in November 1993, the same day that Pfeiffer and Kelley were married. In August 1994, Pfeiffer gave birth to a son, John Henry.

Having being a smoker for ten years and having a niece who suffered from leukemia for ten years, she decided to support the American Cancer Society. Her charity work also includes her support for the Humane Society.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1980	''''	Suzie Q
1980		Sue Wellington
1981	''Charlie Chan and the Curse of the Dragon Queen''	Cordelia Farenington
1982	''Grease 2''	Stephanie Zinone	Nominated—Young Artist Award for Best Young Motion Picture Actress
1983		Elvira Hancock
1985		Diana
1985	''Ladyhawke''	Isabeau d'Anjou	Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress
1986	''Sweet Liberty''	Faith Healy
1987	''''	Sukie Ridgemont
1987	''Amazon Women on the Moon''	Brenda Landers
1988	''Married to the Mob''	Angela de Marco	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1988		Jo Ann Vallenari
1988	''Dangerous Liaisons''	Madame Marie de Tourvel	BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting RoleNominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
1989	''''	Susie Diamond	Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture DramaChicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressNational Board of Review Award for Best ActressNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActressNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress	Nominated—Academy Award for Best ActressNominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
1990	''''	Katya Orlova	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama
1991		Frankie	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1992	''Batman Returns''		Nominated—MTV Movie Awards – Most Desirable Female and Best Kiss (with Michael Keaton)
1992		Lurene Hallett
1993	''''	Countess Ellen Olenska	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama
1994		Laura Alden	Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress
1995	''Dangerous Minds''	LouAnne Johnson
1996	''Muppets Tonight''	Herself	Guest star; first episode
1996	''Up Close & Personal''	Sally 'Tally' Atwater
1996	''To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday''	Gillian Lewis
1996		Melanie Parker	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress (Comedy/Romance)Executive producer
1997	''''	Rose Cook Lewis	Producer (uncredited)
1998	''''		Voice
1999	''''	Beth Cappadora
1999	''''	Titania
1999	''''	Katie Jordan
2000	''What Lies Beneath''	Claire Spencer	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress (Suspense)Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress
2001	''I Am Sam''	Rita Harrison Williams
2002		Ingrid Magnussen	Kansas City Film Critics Circle Best Supporting ActressSan Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role - Motion Picture
2003	''Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas''	Eris	Voice
2007			Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress
2007		Velma Von Tussle	Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best CastNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Cast in a Motion Picture
2007	''I Could Never Be Your Woman''	Rosie
2009	''Personal Effects''	Linda
2009		Lea de Lonval
2011		Ingrid
2012	''Welcome to People''	Lillian
2012		Elizabeth Collins Stoddard

+ Television credits	! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1978	''Fantasy Island''	Athena	Episode: "The Island of Lost Women/The Flight of Great Yellow Bird"
1979	''Delta House''	The Bombshell	2 episodes ("Hoover and the Bomb", "The Legacy")
1979	''''	Tricia
1979	''CHiPs''	Jobina	Episode: "The Watch Commander"
1980		Joy	1 episode
1980	''B.A.D. Cats''	Samantha "Sunshine" Jensen
1981	''Fantasy Island''	Deborah Dare	Episode: "Elizabeth's Baby/The Artist and the Lady"
1981	''Callie & Son''	Sue Lynn Bordeaux	credited as Michele Pfeiffer
1981		Ginny Stamper
1981	''''	Jennifer Williams
1985	''One Too Many''	Annie	ABC Afterschool Special
1987	''Tales from the Hollywood Hills: Natica Jackson''	Natica Jackson
1993	''''	Mindy Simmons	Episode: "The Last Temptation of Homer"
1993	''Picket Fences''	Client	Episode: "Freezer Burn"
1996	''Muppets Tonight''	Herself	1 episode

References

External links

Category:1958 births Category:Actors from California Category:American film actors Category:American voice actors Category:BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:People from Orange County, California Category:American beauty pageant winners Category:American people of Swiss descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:American people of Dutch descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:Living people

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Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
name	Ennio Morricone
background	non_performing_personnel
birth date	November 10, 1928
alias	Maestro
genre	Film music, Classical music, Pop music, Jazz, Lounge music, Easy listening
origin	Rome, Italy
occupation	Composer, orchestrator, music director, conductor, trumpeter
associated acts	Bruno Nicolai, Alessandro Alessandroni, Mina, Yo-Yo Ma, Mireille Mathieu, Joan Baez, Andrea Bocelli, Roger Waters, Sarah Brightman, Amii Stewart, Paul Anka, Milva, Gianni Morandi, Dalida, Catherine Spaak, Pet Shop Boys, Hayley Westenra, and others
years active	1946 – present
website	http://www.enniomorricone.it }}

Ennio Morricone,Grand Officer OMRI, , (born November 10, 1928) is an Italian composer and conductor.

For over five decades he has composed and arranged music for more than 400 motion pictures including some award-winning film scores as well as several symphonic and choral pieces. He wrote the characteristic film scores of Leone's Spaghetti Westerns ''A Fistful of Dollars'' (1964), ''For a Few Dollars More'' (1965), ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'' (1966) and ''Once Upon a Time in the West'' (1968). In the 80s, Morricone composed the scores for Leone's ''Once Upon a Time in America'' (1984), Roland Joffé's ''The Mission'' (1986), Brian De Palma's ''The Untouchables'' (1987) and Giuseppe Tornatore's ''Cinema Paradiso'' (1988). His more recent compositions include the scores for ''The Legend of 1900'' (1998), ''Malèna'' (2000), ''Fateless'' (2005), and ''Baaria - La porta del vento'' (2009).

Morricone has received two Grammy Awards, two Golden Globes, five BAFTAs during 1979–1992, seven David di Donatello, eight Nastro d'Argento, and the Polar Music Prize in 2010. In 2007, he received the Academy Honorary Award "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music". The composer also has been nominated for five Oscars in the category of Best Original Score during 1979–2001, but has never won competitively.

Life and career

Classical music

Ennio Morricone was born in Rome, the son of Libera and Mario Morricone, a jazz trumpeter. Morricone wrote his first compositions when he was six years old and was encouraged to develop his natural talents. Compelled to take up the trumpet, he attended the National Academy of Santa Cecilia to take lessons on the instrument at the age of nine. Morricone formally entered the conservatory in 1940 at the age of 12, enrolling in a four-year harmony program. According to various reports, he completed it in either two years or six months (date approximate). He studied the trumpet, composition, choral music, and choral direction under Goffredo Petrassi, who deeply influenced him and to whom Morricone has dedicated concert pieces.

These were the difficult years of World War II in the heavily bombed "open city"; the composer remarked that what he mostly remembered of those years was the hunger. His wartime experiences influenced many of his scores for films set in that period.

After he graduated, he continued to work in classical composition and arrangement. In 1946, Morricone received his trumpet diploma and in the same year he composed "Il Mattino" ("The Morning") for voice and piano on a text by Fukuko, first in a group of 7 "youth" Lieder. Other serious compositions are "Imitazione" (1947) for voice and piano on a text by Giacomo Leopardi and "Intimità" for voice and piano on a text by Olinto Dini.

In the early 1950s, Morricone began writing his first background music for radio dramas. Nonetheless he continued composing classical pieces as "Distacco I e Distacco II" for voice and piano on a text by Ranieri Gnoli, "Verrà la Morte" for contralto and piano on a text by Cesare Pavese, "Oboe Sommerso" for baritone and five instruments on a text by Salvatore Quasimodo.

Although the composer had received the "Diploma in Instrumentation for Band" (fanfare) in 1952, his studies concluded in 1954, obtaining a diploma in Composition under the composer Goffredo Petrassi. In 1955, Morricone started to write or arrange music for films credited to other already well-known composers (ghost writing). He occasionally adopted Anglicized pseudonyms, such as Dan Savio and Leo Nichols.

Morricone wrote more works in the climate of the Italian avant-garde. A few of these compositions have been made available on CD, such as "Ut", his trumpet concerto dedicated to the soloist Mauro Maur, one of his favorite musicians; some have yet to be premiered. From the mid-sixties and onwards, he was part of Gruppo di Improvvisazione di Nuova Consonanza, a group of composers who performed and recorded avant garde free improvisations, even scoring a few films during the 1970s.

Public reputation

In 1956, Morricone started to support his family by playing in a jazz band and arranging pop songs for the Italian broadcasting service RAI. He was hired by RAI in 1958, but quit his job on his first day at work when he was told that broadcasting of music composed by employees was forbidden by a company rule. Subsequently, Morricone became a top studio arranger at RCA, working with Renato Rascel, Rita Pavone, and Mario Lanza. A particular success was one of his own songs, "Se telefonando". Performed by Mina, it was a standout track of ''Studio Uno 66'', the fifth-biggest-selling album of the year 1966 in Italy. Morricone's sophisticated arrangement of "Se telefonando" was a combination of melodic trumpet lines, Hal Blaine–style drumming, a string set, a '60s Europop female choir, and intensive subsonic-sounding trombones. The Italian Hitparade #7 song had eight transitions of tonality building tension throughout the chorus. During the following decades, the song was covered by several performers in Italy and abroad—most notably by Françoise Hardy and Iva Zanicchi (1966), Delta V (2005), Vanessa and the O's (2007), and Neil Hannon (2008). In the reader's poll conducted by the la Repubblica newspaper to celebrate Mina's 70th anniversary in 2010, 30,000 voters picked the track as the best song ever recorded by Mina. Throughout the '60s Morricone composed songs for other artists including Milva, Gianni Morandi, Paul Anka, Amii Stewart, and Mireille Mathieu.

Leone film scores

Well-versed in a variety of musical idioms from his RCA experience, Morricone began composing film scores in the early 1960s. Though his first films were undistinguished, Morricone's arrangement of an American folk song intrigued director and former schoolmate Sergio Leone. Leone hired Morricone, and together they created a distinctive score to accompany Leone's different version of the Western, ''A Fistful of Dollars'' (1964). As budget strictures limited Morricone's access to a full orchestra, he used gunshots, cracking whips, whistle, voices, guimbarde (jaw harp), trumpets, and the new Fender electric guitar, instead of orchestral arrangements of Western standards à la John Ford. Morricone used his special effects to punctuate and comically tweak the action—cluing in the audience to the taciturn man's ironic stance. Though sonically bizarre for a movie score, Morricone's music was viscerally true to Leone's vision. As memorable as Leone's close-ups, harsh violence, and black comedy, Morricone's work helped to expand the musical possibilities of film scoring. Morricone was initially billed on the film as Dan Savio.

Morricone composed music for about 40 Westerns (the last was ''North Star'' (1996)), most of them Spaghetti Westerns. He scored Sergio Leone's Spaghetti Westerns, from ''A Fistful of Dollars'' (1964) and including ''For a Few Dollars More'' (1965), ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'' (1966), and ''Once Upon a Time in the West'' (1968), as well as later films such as ''A Fistful of Dynamite'' (1971), ''My Name Is Nobody'' (1973), and ''A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe'' (1975). The collaboration with Leone is considered one of the exemplary collaborations between a director and a composer.

In addition, Morricone composed music for many other, not so popular Spaghetti Westerns, including ''Duello nel Texas'' (1963), ''Le pistole non discutono'' (1964), ''A Pistol for Ringo'' (1965), ''The Return of Ringo'' (1965), ''Navajo Joe'' (1966), ''The Big Gundown'', (1966), ''Face to Face'' (1967), ''Death Rides a Horse'' (1967), ''The Hellbenders'' (1967), ''A Bullet for the General'' (1967), ''The Mercenary'' (1968), ''Tepepa'' (1968), ''The Great Silence'' (1968), ''Guns for San Sebastian'' (1968), ''…And for a Roof a Sky Full of Stars'' (1968), ''The Five Man Army'' (1969), ''Queimada!'' (1969), ''Vamos a matar, compañeros'' (1970), ''Two Mules for Sister Sara'' (1970), ''Sonny and Jed'' (1972), and ''Buddy Goes West'' (1981).

Ensemble

With the score of ''A Fistful of Dollars'', Morricone began his 10-year collaboration with his childhood friend Alessandro Alessandroni and his Cantori Moderni. Alessandroni provided the whistling and the twanging guitar on the film scores, while his Cantori Moderni were a flexible troupe of modern singers. Morricone specifically exploited the solo soprano of the group, Edda Dell'Orso, at the height of her powers—"an extraordinary voice at my disposal".

Other film scores

Most of Morricone's film scores of the 1960s were composed outside the Spaghetti Western genre, while still using Alessandroni's team. Their music included the themes for ''Il Malamondo'' (1964), ''Slalom'' (1965), ''The Battle of Algiers'' (1965), and ''Listen, Let's Make Love'' (1967). In 1968, Morricone reduced his work outside the movie business and wrote scores for 20 films in the same year. The scores included psychedelic accompaniment for Mario Bava's superhero romp ''Danger: Diabolik'' (1968). The next year marked the start of a series of evocative scores for Dario Argento's stylized thrillers, including ''The Bird with the Crystal Plumage'' (1969), ''The Cat o' Nine Tails'' (1971), and ''Four Flies on Grey Velvet'' (1974). In 1970, Morricone wrote the score for ''Violent City''. That same year, he received his first Nastro d'Argento for the music in ''Metti una sera a cena'' (Giuseppe Patroni Griffi, 1969) and his second only a year later for ''Sacco e Vanzetti'' (Giuliano Montaldo, 1971), in which he had made a memorable collaboration with the legendary American folk singer and activist Joan Baez. In 1973, he scored a theme for the crime film ''Revolver'' (1973). He received his first nomination for an Academy Award in 1979 for the score to ''Days of Heaven'' (Terrence Malick, 1978) and another in 1986 for ''The Mission'' (Roland Joffé, 1986), in 1987 for ''The Untouchables'' (Brian De Palma, 1987), in 1991 for ''Bugsy'' (Barry Levinson, 1991), and in 2001 for ''Malèna'' (Giuseppe Tornatore, 2000). Morricone composed the score for John Carpenter's science-fiction/horror movie ''The Thing'' (1982) as well as Brian De Palma's war drama ''Casualties of War'' (1989).

Morricone has worked for television, from a single title piece to variety shows and documentaries to TV series, including the US TV Western ''The Virginian'' (1971), ''Moses'' (1974) and ''Marco Polo'' (1982). One notable composition, "Chi Mai" was used in the films, ''Maddalena'' (1971) and ''Le Professionnel'' (1981) as well as the TV series ''The Life and Times of David Lloyd George'' (1981). It was a surprise hit in the UK, almost topping the charts. He wrote the score for the Mafia television series ''La piovra'' seasons 2 to 10 from 1985 to 2001, including the themes "Droga e sangue" ("Drugs and Blood"), "La morale", and "L'immorale". Morricone worked as the conductor of seasons 3 to 5 of the series. He also worked as the music supervisor for the television project ''La bibbia'' ("The Bible"). In the late 1990s, he collaborated with his son, Andrea, on the ''Ultimo'' crime dramas. Their collaboration yielded the BAFTA-winning ''Nuovo cinema Paradiso''. In 2003, Ennio Morricone scored another epic, for Japanese television, called ''Musashi'' and was the Taiga drama about Miyamoto Musashi, Japan's legendary warrior. A part of his "applied music" is now applied to Italian television films.

Concerts and conducting

Since 2001, Morricone has been on a world tour, the latter part sponsored by Giorgio Armani, with the Orchestra Roma Sinfonietta, touring London (Barbican 2001; 75th birthday ''Concerto'', Royal Albert Hall 2003), Paris, Verona, and Tokyo. Morricone performed his classic film scores at the Munich Philharmonie in 2005 and Hammersmith Apollo Theatre in London, UK, on 2006-12-01 and 2006-12-02.

He made his North American concert debut on January 29, 2007 Auditorio Nacional in Mexico City and four days later at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. The previous evening, Morricone had already presented at the United Nations a concert comprising some of his film themes, as well as the cantata ''Voci dal silenzio'' to welcome the new Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon. A ''Los Angeles Times'' review bemoaned the poor acoustics and opined of Morricone: "His stick technique is adequate, but his charisma as a conductor is zero." Morricone, though, has said: "Conducting has never been important to me. If the audience comes for my gestures, they had better stay outside."

On December 12, 2007, Morricone conducted the Roma Sinfonietta at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, presenting a selection of his own works. Together with the Roma Sinfonietta and the Belfast Philharmonic Choir, Morricone performed at the Opening Concerts of the Belfast Festival at Queen's, in the Waterfront Hall on October 17 and 18, 2008. Morricone and Roma Sinfonietta also held a concert at the Belgrade Arena (Belgrade, Serbia) on February 14, 2009.

On April 10, 2010, Morricone conducted a concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London with the Roma Sinfonietta and (as in all of his previous London concerts) the Crouch End Festival Chorus. On August 27, 2010, he conducted a concert in Hungary. Two other concerts took place in Verona and Sofia (Bulgaria) on 11 and 17 September 2010.

Influence

Oscar-winning film composer Hans Zimmer has called Ennio Morricone his favorite composer in the world. Zimmer's ''Parlay'' in ''Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End'' Soundtrack is a tribute to Ennio Morricone's ''Man with a Harmonica''.

Morricone's influence also extends into the realm of pop music. Hugo Montenegro had a hit with a version of the main theme from ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'' in both the United Kingdom and the United States. This was followed by his album of Morricone's music in 1968.

Aside from his music having been sampled by everyone from rappers (Jay-Z) to electronic outfits (the Orb), Morricone wrote "Se Telefonando", which became Italy's fifth biggest-selling record of 1966 and has since been re-recorded by Françoise Hardy, among many others, and scored the strings for "Dear God, Please Help Me" on Morrissey's 2006 "Ringleader of the Tormentors" album.

Morricone's film music was also recorded by many artists. John Zorn recorded an album of Morricone's music, ''The Big Gundown'', with Keith Rosenberg in the mid-1980s. Lyricists and poets have helped convert some of his melodies into a songbook.

Morricone collaborated with world music artists, like Portuguese fado singer Dulce Pontes (in 2003 with ''Focus'', an album praised by Paulo Coelho and where his songbook can be sampled) and virtuoso cellist Yo-Yo Ma (in 2004), who both recorded albums of Morricone classics with the Roma Sinfonietta Orchestra and Morricone himself conducting.

In 1990 the American singer Amii Stewart, best known for the 1979 disco hit "Knock On Wood", recorded a tribute album entitled ''Pearls - Amii Stewart Sings Ennio Morricone'' for the RCA label, including a selection of the composer's best known songs. Since the mid 1980s Stewart resides in Italy, the ''Pearls'' album features Rome's Philharmonic Orchestra and was co-produced by Morricone himself.

The 2003 Quentin Tarantino film ''Kill Bill'' Volumes 1 & 2 makes extensive use of several Morricone pieces from several 1960s film scores. The 2009 film ''Inglourious Basterds'' also uses many Morricone pieces, as well as sharing "Il Mercenario (Ripresa)" with Kill Bill.

Metallica uses Morricone's ''The Ecstasy of Gold'' as an intro at their concerts (shock jocks Opie and Anthony also use the song at the start of their XM Satellite Radio and CBS Radio shows.) The San Francisco Symphony Orchestra also played it on Metallica's Symphonic rock album S&M;. Ramones used the theme from ''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly'' as a concert intro. The theme from ''A Fistful Of Dollars'' is also used as a concert intro by The Mars Volta.

His influence extends from Michael Nyman to Muse. He even has his own tribute band, a large group which started in Australia, touring as The Ennio Morricone Experience.

Morricone is mentioned by Myles, a musician/scorer (played by Jack Black in "The Holiday" [2006 film]), as creator of magical sounds that formed a charracter as much as lines of music in his films. This played out in a scene at a video rental store between Black and actress Kate Winslett.

In 2007, the tribute album ''We All Love Ennio Morricone'' was released. It features performances by various artists, including Sarah Brightman, Andrea Bocelli, Celine Dion, Bruce Springsteen and Metallica.

British band Muse cites Morricone as an influence for the songs "City of Delusion", "Hoodoo", and "Knights of Cydonia" on their album ''Black Holes and Revelations''.. The band has recently started playing the song "Man With A Harmonica" live played by Chris Wolstenholme, as an intro to "Knights of Cydonia".

In January 2010, tenor Donald Braswell II released his album "We Fall and We Rise Again" on which he presented his tribute to Ennio Morricone with his original composition entitled "Ennio".

Recent activity

Morricone provided the string arrangements on Morrissey's "Dear God Please Help Me" from the album ''Ringleader of the Tormentors'' in 2006.

Quentin Tarantino originally wanted Morricone to compose the soundtrack for his most recent film, ''Inglourious Basterds''. However, Morricone refused because of the sped-up production schedule of the film. Tarantino did use several Morricone tracks from previous films in the soundtrack.

Morricone instead wrote the music for Baaria - La porta del vento, the most recent movie by Giuseppe Tornatore. The composer is also writing music for Tornatore's upcoming movie Leningrad.

In spring and summer 2010, Morricone worked with Hayley Westenra for a collaboration on her album ''Paradiso''. The album features new songs written by Morricone, as well as some of his best known film compositions of the last 50 years. Hayley recorded the album with Morricone's orchestra in Rome during the summer of 2010.

Personal life

On 13 October 1956, he married Maria Travia and had his first son, Marco, in 1957. Travia has written lyrics to complement her husband's pieces. Her works include the Latin texts for ''The Mission''. They have three sons and a daughter, in order of birth: Marco, Alessandra, the conductor and film composer Andrea (Andrew), and Giovanni (a filmmaker who lives in New York City).

Discography

Ennio Morricone has sold over 50 million records worldwide, including 6.5 million copies in France and more than two million albums in Korea.

Top worldwide film grosses

Ennio Morricone has been involved with eight movies grossing over $25 million at the box office:

{|class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year !! class="unsortable"|Title !! class="unsortable"|Director !! Gross |- | 1966 || ''The Good, The Bad & The Ugly'' || Sergio Leone || $25,100,000 |- | 1977 || ''Exorcist II: The Heretic'' || John Boorman || $30,749,142 |- | 1987 || ''The Untouchables'' || Brian De Palma || $76,270,454 |- | 1991 || ''Bugsy'' || Barry Levinson || $49,114,016 |- | 1993 || ''In the Line of Fire'' || Wolfgang Petersen || $176,997,168 |- | 1994 || ''Wolf'' || Mike Nichols || $131,002,597 |- | 1994 || ''Disclosure'' || Barry Levinson || $214,015,089 |- | 2000 || ''Mission to Mars'' || Brian De Palma || $110,983,407 |}

Other successful movies with Morricone's work are ''Kill Bill Vol. 1 & 2'' (2003, 2004) and ''Inglourious Basterds'' (2009), though the tracks used are sampled from older pictures.

Awards

Academy Honorary Award

Morricone received an honorary Academy Award on February 25, 2007, presented by Clint Eastwood, "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music." With the statuette came a standing ovation. Though nominated five times, he had not previously received an Oscar. In conjunction with the honor, Morricone released a tribute album, ''We All Love Ennio Morricone'', that featured as its centerpiece Celine Dion's rendition of "I Knew I Loved You" (based on "Deborah's Theme" from ''Once Upon a Time in America''), which she performed at the ceremony. Behind-the-scenes studio production and recording footage of "I Knew I Loved You" can be viewed in the debut episode of the QuincyJones.com Podcast. The lyric, as with Morricone's ''Love Affair'', had been penned by Oscar-winning husband-and-wife duo Marilyn and Alan Bergman. Morricone's acceptance speech was in his native Italian tongue and was interpreted by Clint Eastwood, who stood to his left. Eastwood and Morricone had in fact met two days earlier—for the first time in 40 years—at a reception.

Morricone and Alex North are the only composers to receive the honorary Oscar since the award's introduction in 1928. North was nominated for fifteen Oscars, but like Morricone, he never won competitively.

List of prizes and awards

1965 — Nastro d'Argento for ''A Fistful of Dollars''

1967 — Diapason d'Or

1969 — Premio Spoleto Cinema

1970 — Nastro d'argento for ''Metti una sera a cena''

1971 — Nastro d'argento for ''Sacco e Vanzetti''

1972 — Cork Film International for ''La califfa''

1979 — Academy Awards nomination for ''Days of Heaven''

1979 — Premio Vittorio de Sica

1981 — Premio della critica discografica for ''Il prato''

1984 — Premio Zurlini

1985 — Nastro d'argento and BAFTA for ''Once Upon A Time In America''

1986 — Academy Awards Nomination, BAFTA and Golden Globe Awards for ''The Mission''

1986 — ''Premio Vittorio de Sica''

1988 — Academy Awards nomination, Nastro d'argento, BAFTA and Grammy Awards for ''The Untouchables''

1988 — David di Donatello for ''Gli occhiali d'oro''

1989 — David di Donatello for ''Nuovo Cinema Paradiso''

1989 — Ninth Annual Ace Winner for ''Il Giorno prima''

1989 — Pardo d'Oro alla carriera Locarno Film Festival

1990 — BAFTA, Prix Fondation Sacem del XLIII Cannes Film Festival and David di Donatello for ''Nuovo Cinema Paradiso''

1991 — David di Donatello for ''Stanno tutti bene''

1992 — Academy Award nomination for ''Bugsy''

1992 — Pentagramma d'oro

1992 — Premio Michelangelo

1992 — Grolla d'oro alla carriera (Saint Vincent)

1993 — David di Donatello and Efebo d'Argento for ''Jonas che visse nella balena''

1993 — Globo d'oro Stampa estera in Italia

1993 — Gran Premio SACEM audiovisivi

1994 — ASCAP ''Golden Soundtrack Award'' (Los Angeles)

1995 — Premio Rota

1995 — Golden Lion Honorary Award by the Venice Film Festival

1996 — ''Premio citta' di Roma''

1996 — ''Premio Cappelli''

1996 — Premio Accademia di Santa Cecilia

1997 — Premio Flaiano

1998 — Columbus Prize

1999 — Erich Wolfgang Korngold Internationaler Preis für Film

1999 — Exsquibbidles Film Academy lifetime achievement award

2000 — Golden Globe for ''The Legend of 1900'' (1998)

2000 — David di Donatello and Nastro d'argento for ''Canone Inverso''

2000 — Academy Awards nomination for ''Malèna''

2000 — Nastro d'argento for ''Malèna''

2001 — Mikeldi de Honor at "Zinebi - International Festival of Documentary and Short Films" of Bilbao

2002 — Honorary Degree by the "Seconda Università" of Rome

2003 — Golden Eagle Award by the Russian National Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences of Russia for ''72 Meters (film)''

2003 — Honorary Senator of the Filmscoring Class of the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München

2006 — Grand Officer OMRI, nominated by Carlo Azeglio Ciampi

2007 — Honorary Academy Award for career achievement

2007 — The Film & TV Music Award for Lifetime Achievement

2007 — David di Donatello and Nastro d'argento for ''La sconosciuta''

2008 — Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental, performed by Bruce Springsteen

2008 — Knight of the Legion of Honour

2009 — Medal of Merits for Macedonia

2009 — America Award of the Italy-USA Foundation

2010 — Polar Music Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy of the Arts

Sources

Horace, B. ''Music from the Movies'', film music journal double issue 45/46, 2005: ISSN 0967-8131

Miceli, Sergio. ''Morricone, la musica, il cinema''. Milan: Mucchi/Ricordi, 1994: ISBN 88-7592-398-1

Miceli, Sergio. "Morricone, Ennio". ''The Nesw Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.

Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. ''Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 3. Dal 1960 al 1969''. Gremese, 1993: ISBN 88-7605-593-2

Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. ''Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979* A/L''. Gremese, 1996: ISBN 88-7605-935-0

Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. ''Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979** M/Z''. Gremese, 1996: ISBN 88-7605-969-5

Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. ''Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989* A/L''. Gremese, 2000: ISBN 88-7742-423-0

Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. ''Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989** M/Z''. Gremese, 2000: ISBN 88-7742-429-X

References

Further reading

Lhassa, Anne, and Jean Lhassa: ''Ennio Morricone: biographie''. Les Planches. Lausanne: Favre; [Paris]: [diff. Inter-forum], 1989. ISBN 2-8289-0418-0,

Wagner, Thorsten. "Improvisation als 'weiteste Ausdehnung des Begriffs der aleatorischen Musik': Franco Evangelisti und die Improvisationsgruppe Nuova Consonanza". In ''...hin zu einer neuen Welt: Notate zu Franco Evangelisti'', edited by Harald Muenz,.48-60, 2002. Saarbrücken: Pfau-Verlag. ISBN 3-89727-177-X.

Webb, Michael D. ''Italian 20th Century Music: The Quest for Modernity''. London: Kahn & Averill. ISBN 978-1-871082-89-0

External links

Ennio Morricone Myspace

The Ennio Morricone Online Community

Streaming audio of Morricone's "The Man with the Harmonica," from his soundtrack to ''Once upon a Time in the West''

TÊTE-À-TÊTE: Ennio Morricone by Nic Harcourt at Los Angeles Times Magazine

Category:1928 births Category:20th-century classical composers Category:Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia alumni Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:European Film Awards winners (people) Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Italian composers Category:Italian film score composers Category:Living people Category:Virgin Records artists Category:People from Rome (city) Category:Spaghetti Western composers

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