name	Horus
god of	God of the king, the sky and vengeance
cult center	Nekhen, Behdet Edfu
symbol	The wedjat eye
parents	Osiris and Isis in some myths, and Nut and Geb in others.
siblings	Anubis (in some accounts) or Osiris, Isis, and Nephthys
uncle	Set
consort	Hathor (in one version)
children	Imsety, Hapi, Duamutef, Qebehsenuef and Ihy }}

Horus is one of the oldest and most significant deities in the Ancient Egyptian religion, who was worshipped from at least the late Predynastic period through to Greco-Roman times. Different forms of Horus are recorded in history and these are treated as distinct gods by Egyptologists. These various forms may possibly be different perceptions of the same multi-layered deity in which certain attributes or syncretic relationships are emphasized, not necessarily in opposition but complementary to one another, consistent with how the Ancient Egyptians viewed the multiple facets of reality.

The earliest recorded form is Horus the Falcon who was the patron deity of Nekhen in Upper Egypt and who is the first known national god, specifically related to the king who in time came to be regarded as a manifestation of Horus in life and Osiris in death. The most commonly encountered family relationship describes Horus as the son of Isis and Osiris but in another tradition Hathor is regarded as his mother and sometimes as his wife. Horus served many functions in the Egyptian pantheon, most notably being the god of the Sky, god of War and god of Protection.

Etymology

Horus is recorded in Egyptian hieroglyphs as and is reconstructed to have been pronounced *, meaning "Falcon". As a description it has also typically been thought of as having the meaning "the distant one" or "one who is above, over". By Coptic times, the name became ''Hōr''. It was adopted into Greek as ''Hōros''. The original name also survives in later Egyptian names such as Har-Si-Ese literally "Horus, son of Isis".

Horus was also sometimes known as ''Nekheny'', meaning "falcon". Some have proposed that Nekheny may have been another falcon-god, worshipped at Nekhen (city of the hawk), but then Horus was identified with him early on. As falcon, Horus may be shown on the Narmer Palette dating from the time of unification of upper and lower Egypt.

Horus and the Pharaoh

Pyramid texts ca. the 25th Century BC describe the nature of the Pharaoh in different characters as both Horus and Osiris. The Pharaoh as Horus in life became the Pharaoh as Osiris in death, where he was united with the rest of the gods. New incarnations of Horus succeeded the deceased pharaoh on earth in the form of new pharaohs.

The lineage of Horus, the eventual product of unions between the children of Atum, may have been a means to explain and justify Pharaonic power; The gods produced by Atum were all representative of cosmic and terrestrial forces in Egyptian life; by identifying Horus as the offspring of these forces, then identifying him with Atum himself, and finally identifying the Pharaoh with Horus, the Pharaoh theologically had dominion over all the world.

The notion of Horus as the Pharaoh seems to have been superseded by the concept of the Pharaoh as the son of Ra during the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt.

Origin mythology

Horus was born to the goddess Isis after she retrieved all the dismembered body parts of her murdered husband Osiris, except his penis which was thrown into the Nile and eaten by a catfish, and used her magic powers to resurrect Osiris and fashion a gold phallus to conceive her son. Once Isis knew she was pregnant with Horus, she fled to the Nile Delta marshlands to hide from her brother Set who jealously killed Osiris and who she knew would want to kill their son. There Isis bore a divine son, Horus.

Mythological roles

Sky god

Since Horus was said to be the sky, he was considered to also contain the sun and moon. It became said that the sun was his right eye and the moon his left, and that they traversed the sky when he, a falcon, flew across it. Thus he became known as Harmerty – ''Horus of two eyes''. Later, the reason that the moon was not as bright as the sun was explained by a tale, known as the ''contestings of Horus and Set'', originating as a metaphor for the conquest of Upper Egypt by Lower Egypt in about 3000 BC. In this tale, it was said that Set, the patron of Upper Egypt, and Horus, the patron of Lower Egypt, had battled for Egypt brutally, with neither side victorious, until eventually the gods sided with Horus (see below).

As Horus was the ultimate victor he became known as Harsiesis, Heru-ur or Har-Wer ( 'Horus the Great'), but more usually translated as Horus the Elder. In the struggle Set had lost a testicle, explaining why the desert, which Set represented, is infertile. Horus' left eye had also been gouged out, which explained why the moon, which it represented, was so weak compared to the sun.

It was also said that during a new-moon, Horus had become blinded and was titled Mekhenty-er-irty ( 'He who has no eyes'). When the moon became visible again, he was re-titled Khenty-irty ( 'He who has eyes').

Horus was occasionally shown in art as a naked boy with a finger in his mouth sitting on a lotus with his mother. In the form of a youth, Horus was referred to as Neferhor. This is also spelled Nefer Hor, Nephoros or Nopheros () meaning 'The Good Horus'.

The Eye of Horus is an ancient Egyptian symbol of protection and royal power from deities, in this case from Horus or Ra. The symbol is seen on images of Horus' mother, Isis, and on other deities associated with her.

In the Egyptian language, the word for this symbol was "Wedjat". It was the eye of one of the earliest of Egyptian deities, Wadjet, who later became associated with Bast, Mut, and Hathor as well. Wedjat was a solar deity and this symbol began as her eye, an all seeing eye. In early artwork, Hathor is also depicted with this eye. Funerary amulets were often made in the shape of the Eye of Horus. The Wedjat or Eye of Horus is "the central element" of seven "gold, faience, carnelian and lapis lazuli" bracelets found on the mummy of Shoshenq II. The Wedjat "was intended to protect the king [here] in the afterlife" and to ward off evil. Ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern sailors would frequently paint the symbol on the bow of their vessel to ensure safe sea travel.

God of war and hunting

Horus was also said to be a god of war and hunting. The Horus falcon is shown upon a standard on the predynastic Hunters Palette in the "lion hunt".

Thus he became a symbol of majesty and power as well as the model of the pharaohs. The Pharaohs were said to be Horus in human form.

Furthermore Nemty, another war god, was later identified as Horus.

Conqueror of Set

Horus was told by his mother, Isis, to protect the people of Egypt from Set, the god of the desert, who had killed his father Osiris.

Horus had many battles with Set, not only to avenge his father, but to choose the rightful ruler of Egypt. In these battles, Horus came to be associated with Lower Egypt (where Horus was worshipped), and became its patron.

One scene stated how Horus was on the verge of killing Set; but his mother (and Set's sister), Isis, stopped him. Isis injured Horus, but eventually healed him.

According to Papyrus Chester-Beatty I, Set is depicted as trying to prove his dominance by seducing Horus and then having intercourse with him. However, Horus places his hand between his thighs and catches Set's semen, then subsequently throws it in the river, so that he may not be said to have been inseminated by Set. Horus then deliberately spreads his own semen on some lettuce, which was Set's favorite food. After Seth had eaten the lettuce, they went to the gods to try to settle the argument over the rule of Egypt. The gods first listened to Set's claim of dominance over Horus, and call his semen forth, but it answered from the river, invalidating his claim. Then, the gods listened to Horus' claim of having dominated Set, and call his semen forth, and it answered from inside Set.

However, Set still refused to relent, and the other gods were getting tired from over eighty years of fighting and challenges. Horus and Set challenged each other to a boat race, where they each raced in a boat made of stone. Horus and Set agreed, and the race started. But Horus had an edge: his boat was made of wood painted to resemble stone, rather than true stone. Set's boat, being made of heavy stone, sank, but Horus's did not. Horus then won the race, and Set stepped down and officially gave Horus the throne of Egypt. But after the New Kingdom, Set still was considered Lord of the desert and its oases.

This myth, along with others, could be seen as an explanation of how the two kingdoms of Egypt (Upper and Lower) came to be united. Horus was seen as the God of Lower Egypt, and Set as the God of Upper Egypt. In this myth, the respective Upper and Lower deities have a fight, through which Horus is the victor. However, some of Horus (representing Lower Egypt) enters into Set (Upper Egypt) thus explaining why Lower Egypt is dominant over Upper Egypt. Set's regions were then considered to be of the desert.

"Savior"

Shed is a deity, commonly referred to as "savior" and is first recorded during the Amarna Period. Representing the concept of salvation he is identified with Horus and in particular "''Horus the Child''".

Shed can be depicted as a young prince overcoming snakes, lions and crocodiles. David P. Silverman notes that late period representations of the young Horus slaying Set in the form of a crocodile are considered to have been the inspiration for the icons depicting St. George and the dragon.

The rise of "''Savior''" names in personal piety during the Amarna period has been interpreted as the popular response of ordinary people to the attempts by Akhenaten to proscribe the ancient religion of Egypt. Shed has also been viewed as a form of the ancient Semitic god Reshef.

Heru-pa-khered (Horus the Younger)

Horus the Younger, Harpocrates to the Ptolemaic Greeks, is represented in the form of a youth wearing a lock of hair (a sign of youth) on the right of his head. In addition, he usually wears the united crowns of Egypt, the crown of upper Egypt and the crown of lower Egypt. He is a form of the rising sun, representing its earliest light.

Heru-ur (Horus the Elder)

In this form he represented the god of light and the husband of Hathor. He was one of the oldest gods of ancient Egypt. He became the patron of Nekhen (Heirakonpolis) and the first national god (God of the Kingdom). Later, he also became the patron of the pharaohs, and was called the son of truth. – signifying his role as an important upholder of Maat. He was seen as a great falcon with outstretched wings whose right eye was the sun and the left one was the moon. In this form, he was sometimes given the title Kemwer, meaning ''(the) great black (one)''.

The Greek form of Heru-ur (or Har wer) is Haroeris. Other variants include Hor Merti 'Horus of the two eyes' and Horkhenti Irti.

See also

Egyptian pantheon

Heru-ra-ha

Jesus Christ in comparative mythology – contains a study of similarities between Horus and Jesus.

Myth of Osiris and Isis

References

External links

UCAR educational article about Horus

Category:Egyptian gods Category:Solar gods Category:Sky and weather gods Category:Savior gods Category:War gods Category:Hellenistic Egyptian deities Category:Mythological birds of prey

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name	Ronski Speed
birth name	Ronny Schneider
background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
alias	Sun Decade, Ron E. NewmanShadowrider
born	Germany
genre	Trance
occupation	DJ
years active	1997–present
label	Euphonic
website	www.ronskispeed.com/ }}

Ronski Speed (born as Ronny Schneider) aka Sun Decade is an Electronic Dance Producer and DJ from eastern Germany.

Biography

Ronski Speed started his career as a DJ in 1997. Ronski Speed was influenced by groups and artists such as The Pet Shop Boys, Paul van Dyk, and Depeche Mode. Many of his most notable titles include: Ronski Speed - 2Day, Sun Decade - Follow You, Sun Decade - I'm Alone, Ronski Speed and Mirco De Govia - Asarja.

He is currently signed to the German record label Euphonic, where he has been since 1997, when the label was first established.

In 2006 Ronski Speed has performed all over the world in countries such as the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Russia, the Netherlands, UK, Finland, Germany, China, Thailand, Taiwan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, USA, Kenya and Canada. Ronski Speed also has his own radio show, "Euphonic Sessions" and is broadcasted on RMI Radio Poland, Sense.FM, DDance.FM, AH.FM, PureDJ.FM and ETN.FM

Ronski Speed was ranked #69 in the 2009 DJ Magazine's Top 100. He was #97 in the 2008, #44 in the 2007 and #87 in 2006. Previously to that his only other entry was in the 2004 DJMag poll, where he came at 83rd as a New entry.

Discography

Productions

2011 U Got Me (feat. Emma Lock)

2011 To Be Loved (feat. Mque)

2011 Propane (feat. Filo & Peri)

2010 Lasting Light (feat. Emma Hewitt)

2009 The Deep Devine (feat. Ana)

2009 Are You? (feat. Mque)

2008 Pure Devotion (Studio Album)

2008 All The Way (Ronski Speed Feat. Aruna)

2007 Love All The Pain Away (Ronski Speed Feat. Julie Scott)

2007 Soulseeker (Ronski Speed With Stoneface & Terminal)

2006 The Space We Are (Original, John O'Callaghan, Hydroid Remix)

2006 Incognition (Original, K-DE & Marc Van Linden Remix) (Feat. Stoneface & Terminal)

2006 Have It All / Breath Of Life (As Sun Decade)

2005 Incognition / Drowning Sunlight (Feat. Stoneface & Terminal)

2005 Sole Survivor (Feat. Sebastian Sand)

2005 2Day E.P. (2Day / I.C. / The Lights)

2005 Asarja (Mirco De Govia Mix/Ronski Speed Mix) (Feat. Mirco De Govia)

2004 E.O.S. (UK Mixes) (Re:Locate/MK-S/Perry O'Neil Remix/Club Mix)

2004 E.O.S. (Club Mix/Positive Ways Mix/Perry O'Neil Remix)

2004 Follow You (Original/Kyau vs. Albert/Mike Shiver Remix) (As Sun Decade)

2003 Iris Original/John Askew Remix

2003 I'm Alone (Mirco de Govia Vocal & Dub Mix/Ronski Speed Vocal Mix) (As Sun Decade)

2003 I'm Alone (Mirco de Govia Dub Mix/Ronski Speed Mix) (As Sun Decade)

2000 Maracaido (Feat. Sonorous)

Co-Productions

With Sonorous (singles)

2005 Protonic (UK Mixes incl. Leama & Moor Remix)

2003 Protonic

2002 Second Sun

2002 Second Sun (Mirco de Govia Remix)

1999 Facial...

1999 Inspirational Daylight

1999 Did You Ever Dream

1999 Electronic Fruits

1999 Glass Garden

With Kyau & Albert (singles)

2003 Velvet Morning (Mirco de Govia Remix)

1998 Let Me In (Ole & Sven Remix)

With Mirco de Govia (singles)

2003 Final Emotion

2003 Dive In The Ocean

2002 Things That Matter

2002 Epic Monolith

With Barefoot Brains (singles)

2001 Remedy/Poison (with Barefoot Brains)

1999 Azure Fazure (with Barefoot Brains)

Others

2006 Blue Horizon (Luke Terry / Kenidel Lopez Remixes) (with Shadowrider)

2002 I'm Alone (Mirco de Govia Vocal Remix) (As Sun Decade)

2002 Massive (Mirco de Govia Remix) (with Ralphie B)

2002 Something (Mirco de Govia Remix) (with Lasgo)

2002 Shine (with Vivien G)

1999 Do What I Want (Shandy Remix) (with Moebius AG)

1999 Baywatch (Ole & Sven's Railway Remake) (with Spacewalker)

1998 U Got Love (with Ole & Sven)

Compilations

2009 Positive Ways 5 - Compiled and mixed by Ronski Speed

2005 Monster Series Volume 1 Germany

2005 Loveparade Mexico 2005 Compilation

2004 Positive Ways 3 - Compiled and mixed by Ronski Speed

Remixes

2011 Jes - Awaken (Ronski Speed Remix)

2010 Cressida - Two-O-Ten (Ronski Speed pres. Sun Decade Mix)

2010 DNS Project feat. Johanna - Mindful (Ronski Speed Remix)

2010 RedSound - Walking On The Beach (Ronski Speed Remix)

2009 Steve Brian - Yaya (Ronski Speed Remix)

2009 Dennis Sheperd - Black Sun (Ronski Speed Remix)

2009 Above & Beyond Presents OceanLab - Lonely Girl (Ronski Speed Remix)

2008 Super8 & Tab - Delusion (Ronski Speed Remix)

2008 Super8 & Tab - Delusion (Ronski Speed presents Sun Decade Remix)

2007 Juiz Electric vs DJ Katakis - African Beauty (Ronski Speed Remix)

2007 ATB - Renegade (Ronski Speed Remix)

2006 DT8 Project. - Hold Me [Till The End] (Ronski Speed Remix)

2006 Carl B. - Social Suicide (Ronski Speed with Stoneface & Terminal Remix)

2006 Hidden Logic pres. Luminary - Wasting (Ronski Speed Remix)

2006 Above & Beyond - Alone Tonight (Ronski Speed Vocal / Dub mix)

2006 Tatana ft. Joanna - If I Could (Ronski Speed Vocal / Dub Mix)

2006 Solarscape - Alive (Ronski Speed with Stoneface & Terminal Remix)

2005 Mystery Islands - Solace (Ronski Speed Remix)

2005 Marksun & Brian - Gran Rey (Ronski Speed Remix)

2004 Phoenixstar - The Example 60 (Ronski Speed Remix)

2004 Rusch & Murray - The Promise (Ronski Speed Remix)

2004 Kyau & Albert - Not With You (Ronski Speed Mix)

2004 Aly & Fila - Eye Of Horus (Ronski Speed Mix)

2004 Tatana ft. Jael - Always On My Mind (Ronski Speed Mix)

2004 Armin van Buuren ft. Justine Suissa - Burned With Desire (Ronski Speed Mix)

2003 Miro - By Your Side (Ronski Speed Mix)

2003 Digital Tension - Symphony Of Tomorrow (Ronski Speed Mix)

2003 Binary Finary - 1998 (Ronski Speed Remix )

2003 Goldenscan - Sunrise (Ronski Speed Mix)

2003 Aly & Fila - Eye Of Horus (Ronski Speed Mix)

2002 Sonorous - Protonic (Ronski Speed Mix)

2001 Kyau & Albert - Outside (Ronski Speed Mix)

2000 Sonorous - Glass Garden (Ronski Speed Mix)

References

External links

Ronski Speed's Record Label

Category:German DJs Category:German record producers Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people

bg:Ронски Спийд de:Ronski Speed es:Ronski Speed ru:Ronski Speed