Founded in 2003, Sandoz is a subsidiary of Novartis, a multinational pharmaceutical company. The company develops, manufactures and markets generic drugs as well as pharmaceutical and biotechnological active ingredients. As of 2011^[update], Sandoz was the world's second largest generic drug company, with revenue of US$10.7 billion.^[1] In 2010, the company reported revenue of US$8.5 billion.^[2]

Sandoz employs more than 23,000 people in 130 countries. Its global headquarters are in Holzkirchen, Germany, just south of Munich. Its biggest sites are Boucherville, Quebec, Broomfield, Colorado, Cambé, Kalwe, Kundl, Ljubljana, Gebze, Magdeburg, Stryków, Princeton, New Jersey, and Wilson, North Carolina.

History before Novartis[link]

Before the 1996 merger with Ciba-Geigy to form Novartis, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals (Sandoz AG) was a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Basle, Switzerland (as was Ciba-Geigy), and was best known for developing drugs such as Sandimmune for organ transplantation, the antipsychotic Clozaril, Mellaril Tablets and Serentil Tablets for treating psychiatric disorders, and Cafergot Tablets and Torecan Suppositories for treating migraine headaches.

Sandoz was also known for one of its scientists, Albert Hofmann, who synthesized LSD in 1938 and by 1949 was marketing it as a psychiatric drug under the trade name Delysid.^[3][4] The Sandoz product received mass publicity as early as 1954, in a Time Magazine feature.^[5]

History as part of Novartis[link]

This section requires expansion.

As of May 2012^[update], Sandoz planned to acquire Fougera, a dermatology-focused maker of generic and brand-name drugs.^[1] Should this acquisition go to completion, it would position Sandoz as the largest maker of generic dermatology drugs in the world.^[1]

See also[link]

• Sandoz chemical spill

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sandoz
• Sandoz' history, a virtual tour

Jeffrey Scott George (born December 8, 1967) is a former American college and professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons during the 1990s and early 2000s. He played college football for the University of Illinois. He was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts with the first overall pick of the 1990 NFL Draft, and also played for the Atlanta Falcons, Oakland Raiders, Minnesota Vikings, Washington Redskins and Seattle Seahawks of the NFL.

Early life[link]

George was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He attended Warren Central High School, where he was awarded the Dial Award for the national high-school scholar-athlete of the year in 1985 and was the first Gatorade National Player of the Year. Collegiately, he attended Purdue University and the University of Illinois.

College career[link]

George transferred after a year at Purdue University because the coach who recruited him, Leon Burtnett, was fired. Burtnett's replacement was Fred Akers, who had been known for his teams that used a run-heavy option type offense that required a more mobile quarterback. He subsequently committed to the University of Miami, but he backed out when coach Jimmy Johnson would not guarantee him a starting job at the passer-rich school. The schoolboy legend from Indianapolis ended up leaving the home-state school and became a Fighting Illini. He stayed at Illinois for two years, leaving with a year of eligibility remaining after being assured he would be drafted in the first five picks of the NFL draft (he was picked No. 1 overall).

Pro career[link]

Indianapolis Colts[link]

The Colts traded to draft George, making him the first pick in the 1990 draft, and then rewarded him with the richest rookie contract in NFL history. What should have been a dream career with his hometown Colts turned ugly almost from the start. By the time it ended after four seasons with a trade to the Atlanta Falcons, he had made vile gestures to the hometown fans, argued with coach Ted Marchibroda, held out for 36 days, and tried to get a trade.

Atlanta Falcons[link]

After four seasons with Indianapolis, the team that drafted him as their quarterback of the future, George was shipped to the Falcons, where he enjoyed a measure of success as the ringleader of their run & shoot offense. In 1995, he led the Falcons to their first playoff appearance since 1991. On September 22, 1996, in a game against the Philadelphia Eagles, George got into a heated argument on the sidelines with then-Falcons coach June Jones, all of which was caught on camera for a national television audience. Jones suspended George for the remainder of the 1996 season and Atlanta dealt George to the Oakland Raiders after the season. Years after the incident, Jones actually became an advocate for George, stating that the TV argument was overblown and George was actually a good quarterback, a team player and worthy of being on an NFL roster.

Oakland Raiders[link]

George looked like a perfect fit with the Raiders, who have always loved vertical passing in the Al Davis era, and whose fans seem to embrace players who have long since worn out their welcome in other NFL cities. And George did fit in, for a while. In 1997, George threw for 29 touchdown passes, compared to only 9 interceptions, plus a lofty 91.2 passer rating. The team, however, struggled to a 4-12 season. The next year, the offense had changed to head coach Jon Gruden's West Coast scheme, a controlled-pass approach, that did not suit George's strengths. George was inconsistent at the beginning of the year, and later struggled with a groin pull, telling a local radio audience that he was finished for the year, which was news to the team. He also ignored the Offensive Coordinator's play calls during the 1998 season and ran his own plays through a wristband containing plays. The Raiders then ended George's Oakland tenure when they signed free-agent quarterback Rich Gannon.

Minnesota Vikings[link]

Next, George went to the Vikings, where he would sit behind incumbent QB Randall Cunningham, who was coming off a fantastic 1998 season. Cunningham, however, struggled at the start of the 1999 season and was benched. Out of the wings stepped George, who in 10 games as a starter went 8-2 and put up excellent numbers (23 touchdowns, 8.6 yards per attempt, a 94.2 rating) in leading Minnesota to the playoffs. George won his first career playoff game, throwing three touchdown passes to lead the Vikings over the Dallas Cowboys 27-10. The Vikings lost the next week to the eventual Super Bowl Champion Rams 49-37. After the season when George took too long to agree to terms with the Vikings, they chose not to renew George's contract. George ended up signing a lucrative contract with Washington.

Washington Redskins[link]

George had hopes of returning to Minnesota as starting quarterback but was told by head coach Dennis Green to "shop around". After attempting to speak to other teams about securing a starting quarterback job he was eventually offered a $400,000 contract by Minnesota, with incentives totaling up to $1.4 million for a single year. Eventually George opted to sign a $14.8 million 4 year contract with the Washington Redskins as Brad Johnson's backup.^[1] Johnson went down in week 9; George replaced him, and went 1-2 in the next three games, though one of the losses came down to a missed Redskins field goal attempt. Johnson returned, but played poorly against the New York Giants. George replaced him, and led the Redskins back into the game, but again a missed field goal attempt cost the Redskins a chance to win. George started two games, both losses, after Norv Turner was fired in favor of interim coach Terry Robiskie. After the season, Johnson departed Washington for Tampa Bay, leaving George as the Redskins' starter going into 2001.

Before the 2001 season, Washington hired Marty Schottenheimer as head coach, and Schottenheimer promised to install a West-Coast scheme similar to that of Jon Gruden in Oakland. George clashed with Schottenheimer over the offense, though Schottenheimer promised to work George through any problems he might have with the scheme. That uneasy agreement lasted exactly 2 weeks into the regular season, when Washington released George on the heels of a 37-0 Monday Night loss to the Green Bay Packers. After the game, George had a 34.6 passer rating, ranking last in the NFL, and the Redskins were 0-2, having been outscored by opponents 67-3. George was replaced by Tony Banks, who lost the next three games before stunning the league and winning 5 in a row, the first time an 0-5 team improved to 5-5. The Redskins still finished 8-8, and their coach was fired.

Seattle Seahawks[link]

George seemingly retired after his last game in Washington, but he proceeded to make several sideline appearances in the following years. He signed briefly with the Seattle Seahawks in late 2002 as an emergency quarterback.

Chicago Bears[link]

In 2004, after two years away from the game, the Chicago Bears became the seventh NFL team to employ George, signing him to a one-year contract in November for a partial season backup role; but again he never took the field during a game, and he wasn't retained by the Bears for the 2005 season, and was not signed by any team. The Detroit Lions worked him out during their bye week in the event they needed another quarterback. However, George was not offered a contract.

Back with the Oakland Raiders[link]

On August 28, 2006, the Oakland Raiders signed George. He was expected to compete for the third-string quarterback position.

Semi-retirement[link]

While George spent time on active NFL rosters through 2006, he had not attempted a pass since the 2001 season with the Washington Redskins. It was speculated that he might have replaced third string quarterback Marques Tuiasosopo due to his friendship with Randy Moss. Moss has previously stated that George was his favorite of all the quarterbacks he's worked with. He has also commented in the past that he and George would take weekend fishing trips together when they both lived in Minnesota.

On October 30, 2007 during Mike and Mike in the Morning, Michael Kim in a SportsCenter update reported that George was interested in making another comeback, this time with the Minnesota Vikings, a team where he once had some success.

In November 2008, in an appearance on Sirius NFL Radio, George said, "I find it hard to believe there isn't a place in the game for me. My arm feels like I'm 25," he said. "I'm not asking to be a starter, I just want a spot on a team. I still hold out hope I can play in this league. I'm working out three or four days a week, staying ready. Some people might laugh about it. I've been hearing the excuse, 'You're too old,' but I look at guys now playing near 40, and if you can throw it like I can throw it ... Why wouldn't you take a look at me?"^[2] He said of coming back: “I’ve been trying to figure out how to get back in, and it just amazes me that I’m not on somebody’s roster. I’ve been throwing two or three times a week, and every time I go out there to throw, I can’t believe I’m not a backup somewhere. I know it’s a young man’s game, but you can’t tell me I’m not better than some of the quarterbacks that are out there. I look at teams like Minnesota or Chicago, and I want to scream at the people in charge, ‘What are you thinking?’ ”

More recently, on August 4, 2010 George announced on KFAN Sports radio in Minnesota that he would be willing to step in for veteran QB Brett Favre if Favre decides to retire from the Minnesota Vikings.^[3]

Media[link]

George has made occasional appearances on NFL Total Access with Rich Eisen and Terrell Davis.

For years since George's most recent seasons in the NFL, Jason Whitlock has written several columns expressing his belief that George could still play and was deserving of an NFL try-out.^[4] George and Whitlock are longtime friends, having played high school football together.^[4]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Jeff George career stats - at ESPN.com