Coordinates	40°42′15.0″N73°55′4.0″N
Holiday name	Id ul-Adha (‘Īdu l-’Aḍḥā)
Official name	''‘Īdu l-’Aḍḥā''
Nickname	Festival of Sacrifice, Sacrifice Feast
Begins	10 Dhu al-Hijjah
Ends	13 Dhu al-Hijjah
Observances	Prayer, sacrificing a cow, goat, sheep, or a camel, giving to poor people as a gift.
Type	Islamic
Longtype	Islamic
Significance	Commemoration of Ibrahim's (Abraham's) willingness to sacrifice his eldest son Ishmael in obedience to a command from Allah - and Ishmael's acceptance of this command. Marks the end of the Pilgrimage to sundown, and ask God for forgiveness.
Date2011	November 6 to November 9 }}

Eid al-Adha ( ''‘Īdu l-’Aḍḥā''; , Arabic: ) or "Festival of Sacrifice" or "Greater Eid" is an important religious holiday celebrated by Muslims worldwide to commemorate the willingness of Abraham (Ibrahim) to sacrifice his son Ishmael (Isma'il) as an act of obedience to God, before God intervened to provide him with a ram to sacrifice instead. The meat is divided into three parts. The family retains one third of the share; another third is given to relatives, friends and neighbors; and the other third is given to the poor and needy.

Eid al-Adha is the latter of two Eid festivals celebrated by Muslims, whose basis comes from Sura 2 (Al-Baqara) Ayah 196 in the Qur'an. Like Eid ul-Fitr, Eid al-Adha begins with a Wajib prayer of two Raka'ah (units) followed by a sermon (''khuṭbah'').

The word "Eid" appears in Sura al-Mai'da ("The Table Spread," Chapter 5) of the Qur'an, meaning 'solemn festival'.

Eid al-Adha is celebrated annually on the 10th day of the 12th and the last Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah () of the lunar Islamic calendar. Eid al-Adha celebrations start after the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia by Muslims worldwide, descend from Mount Arafat. The date is approximately 70 days (2 Months & 10 days) after the end of the month of Ramadan, i.e. Eid-ul-Fitr. Ritual observance of the holiday lasts until sunset of the 13th day of Dhu al-Hijjah.

Other names

The Arabic term "Festival of Sacrifice", ''‘Eid ul-’Aḍḥā'', is similar to the Semitic roots that evolved into Indic languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati and Bengali and Austronesian languages such as Malay and Indonesian (the last often spelling it as Idul Adha or Iduladha).

Another Semitic word for "sacrifice" is the Arabic ''Qurbān'' (), which is used in Dari Persian and Standard Persian as ''Eyde Ghorbân'' عید قربان, and in Tajik Persian as Иди Қурбон (''Idi Qurbon''), into Kazakh as Құрбан айт (''Qurban ayt''), into Uyghur as ''Qurban Heyit'', and also into various Indic languages. Other languages combined the Arabic word ''qurbān'' with local terms for "festival", as in Kurdish (''Cejna Qurbanê''), Pashto (''Kurbaneyy Akhtar''), Chinese (古尔邦节 ''Gúěrbāng Jié''), Malay and Indonesian (''Hari Raya Korban'', ''Qurbani''), and Turkish (''Kurban Bayramı''). The Turkish term was later used in other languages such as Azeri (''Qurban Bayramı''), Tatar (''Qorban Bäyräme''), Bosnian, Albanian(''Kurban Bajram'') and Croatian (''Kurban-bajram''), Serbian (''Курбан бајрам''), Russian (''Курбан-байрам''), (''Bakray wari Eid'') in Sindhi.

Another Arabic name, ''‘Īd ul-Kabīr'' (عيد الكبير ''`Īd al-Kabīr''), meaning "Greater Eid/Festival" (the "Lesser Eid" being Eid ul-Fitr), is used in Yemen, Syria, and North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt). The term was borrowed directly into French as ''Aïd el-Kebir''. Translations of "Big Eid" or "Greater Eid" are used in Pashto لوی اختر ''Loy Akhtar'', Kashmiri ''Baed Eid'', Hindi and Urdu ''Baṛā Īd'', Malayalam ''Bali Perunnal'', and Tamil ''Peru Nāl''.

Another name refers to the fact that the holiday occurs after the culmination of the Hajj (حج), or pilgrimage to Mecca (Makka). Such names are used in Malay and Indonesian (''Hari Raya Haji'' "Hajj celebration day", ''Lebaran Haji''), and in Tamil ''Hajji Peru Nāl''.

In Urdu-speaking areas, the festival is also called بقرعید ''Baqra Īd'' or ''Baqrī Īd'', stemming either from the Arabic ''baqarah'' "heifer" or the Urdu word ''baqrī'' for "goat", as cows and goats are among the traditionally sacrificed animals. That term was also borrowed into other languages, such as Tamil ''Bakr Eid Peru Nāl''.

Other local names include 宰牲节 ''Zǎishēng Jié'' ("Slaughter-livestock Festival") in Chinese, ''Tfaska Tamoqqart'' in the Berber language of Djerba, ''Tabaski'' or ''Tobaski'' in West African languages, ''Babbar Sallah'' in Nigerian languages, and ''ciida gawraca'' in Somali.

Eid-al-Adha has had other names outside the Muslim world. The name is often simply translated into the local language, such as English ''Festival of Sacrifice'', German ''Opferfest'', Dutch ''Offerfeest'', Romanian ''Sărbătoarea Sacrificiului'' and Hungarian ''Áldozati ünnep''. In Spanish, it is known as the ''Fiesta del Cordero'', the Festival of the Lamb.

In Bangladesh know as Kurbani Eid.

According to Islamic tradition, approximately four thousand years ago, the valley of Mecca (in what is now Saudi Arabia) was a dry, rocky and uninhabited place. Abraham ('Ibraheem in Arabic) was instructed to bring his Egyptian wife Hagar (Hāǧar) and Ishmael, his only child at the time (Ismā'īl), to Arabia from the land of Canaan by God's command.

As Abraham was ready to return to Canaan, Hagar asked him, "Did Allah (God) order you to leave us here? or are you leaving us here to die." Abraham turned around to face his wife. He was so sad that he couldn't say anything. he pointed to the sky showing that God commanded him to do so. Hagar said, "Then Allah will not waste us; you can go". Though Abraham had left a large quantity of food and water with Hagar and Ishmael, the supplies quickly ran out, and within a few days the two began to feel the pangs of hunger and dehydration.

Hagar ran up and down between two hills called Al-Safa and Al-Marwah seven times, in her desperate quest for water. Exhausted, she finally collapsed beside her baby Ishmael and prayed to God for deliverance. Miraculously, a spring of water gushed forth from the earth at the feet of baby Ishmael. Other accounts have the angel Gabriel (Jibril) striking the earth and causing the spring to flow in abundance. With this secure water supply, known as the Zamzam Well, they were not only able to provide for their own needs, but were also able to trade water with passing nomads for food and supplies.

Years later, Abraham was instructed by God to return from Canaan to build a place of worship adjacent to Hagar's well (the Zamzam Well). Abraham and Ishmael constructed a stone and mortar structure —known as the Kaaba— which was to be the gathering place for all who wished to strengthen their faith in God. As the years passed, Ishmael was blessed with Prophethood (''Nubuwwah'') and gave the nomads of the desert his message of submission to God. After many centuries, Mecca became a thriving desert city and a major center for trade, thanks to its reliable water source, the well of Zamzam.

One of the main trials of Abraham's life was to face the command of God to devote his dearest possession, his only son. Upon hearing this command, he prepared to submit to God's will. During this preparation, Satan (Shaitan) tempted Abraham and his family by trying to dissuade them from carrying out God's commandment, and Ibrahim drove Satan away by throwing pebbles at him. In commemoration of their rejection of Satan, stones are thrown at symbolic pillars signifying Satan during the Hajj rites.

When Ishmael was about 13 (Ibrahim being 99), Allah (God) decided to test their faith in public. Abraham had a recurring dream, in which God was commanding him to offer his son as a sacrifice – an unimaginable act – sacrificing his son, which God had granted him after many years of deep prayer. Abraham knew that the dreams of the prophets were divinely inspired, and one of the ways in which God communicated with his prophets. When the intent of the dreams became clear to him, Abraham decided to fulfill God's command and offer Ishmael for sacrifice.

Although Abraham was ready to sacrifice his dearest for Allah's sake, he could not just go and drag his son to the place of sacrifice without his consent. Isma'el had to be consulted as to whether he was willing to give up his life as fulfillment to God's command. This consultation would be a major test of Isma'el's maturity in faith, love and commitment for Allah, willingness to obey his father and sacrifice his own life for the sake of Allah.

Abraham presented the matter to his son and asked for his opinion about the dreams of slaughtering him. Ishmael did not show any hesitation or reservation even for a moment. He said, "Father, do what you have been commanded. You will find me, Insha'Allah (God willing), to be very patient." His mature response, his deep insight into the nature of dad’s dreams, his commitment to Allah, and ultimately his willingness to sacrifice his own life for the sake of Allah were all unprecedented.

When both father and son had shown their perfect obedience to Allah and they had practically demonstrated their willingness to sacrifice their most precious possessions for His sake — Abraham by laying down his son for sacrifice and Ishmael by lying patiently under the knife – Allah called out to them stating that his sincere intentions had been accepted, and that he need not carry out the killing of Ishmael. Instead, Abraham was told to replace his son with a ram to sacrifice instead. Allah also told them that they had passed the test imposed upon them by his willingness to carry out God's command.

This is mentioned in the Qur'an as follows:

''"O my Lord! Grant me a righteous (son)!" So We gave him the good news of a boy, possessing forbearance. And when (his son) was old enough to walk and work with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I see in vision that I offer you in sacrifice: Now see what is your view!" (The son) said: "O my father! Do what you are commanded; if Allah wills, you will find me one practising patience and steadfastness!" So when they both submitted and he threw him down upon his forehead, We called out to him saying: O Ibraheem! You have indeed fulfilled the vision; surely thus do We reward those who do good. Most surely this was a manifest trial. And We ransomed him with a momentous sacrifice. And We perpetuated (praise) to him among the later generations. "Peace and salutation to Abraham!" Thus indeed do We reward those who do right. Surely he was one of Our believing servants.''

As a reward for this sacrifice, Allah then granted Abraham the good news of the birth of his second son, Is-haaq (Isaac):

''And We gave him the good news of Is-haaq, a prophet from among the righteous.''

Abraham had shown that his love for his god superseded all others: that he would lay down his own life or the lives of those dearest to him in submission to God's command. Muslims commemorate this ultimate act of sacrifice every year during Eid al-Adha.

The Sunnah of Eid al-Adha

In keeping with the tradition of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims are encouraged to prepare themselves for the occasion of Eid. Below is a list of things Muslims are recommended to do in preparation for the Eid al-Adha festival:

#Make wudu (ablution) and offer Salat al-Fajr (the pre-sunrise prayer). #Prepare for personal cleanliness - take care of details of clothing, etc. #Take a Ghusl (bath) after Fajr prayer. #Brush teeth (preferably with a miswak, or tooth-stick). #Dress up, putting on new or best clothes available (White, when available, is optimal). #Apply perfume (''attar'') (men only). #It is Sunnah not to eat anything before going to Eid prayers. Contrast with Eid ul-Fitr when eating dates is recommended. The sacrifice must be done after Eid prayers to be accepted as sacrifice. #Go to the prayer grounds (known as an 'Eidgah') early. #Offer Salat al-Eid (the congregational Eid prayer) in an open place, weather permitting, or in mosque. #Use two separate routes when traveling to and from the Eid prayer location. #Recite the following Takbir which starts at Maghrib (sunset) on the 9th of Dhu al-hijah and last until the Asr on the 13th Dhu al-ilhijah: Allahu-Akbar, Allahu-Akbar, Allahu-Akbar. La ilaha illa-lah wallahu-Akbar. Allahu-Akbar wa-lillahil-hamd, which translates to: "Allah (God) is the Greatest (3 times); there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and Allah is the Greatest. Allah is the Greatest and to Him are due all praises."

Salat al-Eid (Eid prayer)

Salat al-Eid is a Fard Kifaya (Fard meaning that if performed by some, the obligation falls from the rest) congregational prayer. Eid prayer must be offered in congregation. It consists of two Raka'ah (units) with seven Takbirs in the first Raka'ah and five Takbirs in the second Raka'ah. For Sunni Muslims, Salat al-Eid differs from the five daily canonical prayers in that no adhan (Call to Prayer) or iqama (call) is pronounced for the two Eid prayers. However, Shi'ite Muslims may begin Salat al-Eid with adhan (Call to Prayer)—with a third repetition of the line "Hayya ala salah" ("Come to prayer")—and iqama (call). The Salaat (prayer) is then followed by the Khutbah, or sermon, by the Imam.

At the conclusion of the prayers and sermon, the Muslims embrace and exchange greetings with one other (Eid Mubarak), give gifts (''Eidi'') to children, and visit one another. Many Muslims also take this opportunity to invite their non-Muslims friends, neighbours, co-workers and classmates to their Eid festivities to better acquaint them about Islam and Muslim culture.

Rules regarding the animal to be sacrificed

1.The animal has to be one of the cattle approved by the Sharia (Cow, Camel, Goat, Sheep etc.) 2.The animal has reached the required age. The adult age is: ::*Six months for a sheep ::*One year for a goat or lamb ::*Two years for a cow ::*Five years for a camel 3.The animal is free from an obvious defect like a one-eyed animal whose defect is obvious, a sick animal whose sickness is obvious, a lame animal whose limp is obvious and an emaciated animal that has no marrow in its bones. 4.The animal is in full possession of the one who is offering the sacrifice; i.e. it is not stolen or taken by force, not of joint possession or held in pledge. 5.The animal cannot be sold or given away once selected or bought for sacrifice, unless exchanging for something better.

Rules related to the person offering the sacrifice

#Being a Muslim #It is necessary for the one who intends to offer the sacrifice that he does not remove any hair or nail from the sunset on last day of Zhul-Qa’dah until the sacrifice is done on the Eid day for the Haji people #Doing the slaughter with one’s own hands. If one is not able to do so then he can appoint some one else to do the slaughter on his behalf. In such case one should witness his slaughter if at all possible. #It is a necessary condition of the sacrifice that the animal be slaughtered with the intention of offering a sacrifice (udhiyah). The intention must be in the heart, and should not be spoken out loud. #Taking the Name of Allah at the time of slaughter.

The Takbir and other rituals

The ''Takbir'' is recited from the dawn of the tenth of Dhu al-Hijjah to the thirteenth, and consists of:

:{| |''Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر الله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''lā ilāha illā Allāh'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | لا إله إلا الله |- |''Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''wa li-illāhil-hamd'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | ولله الحمد |}

:''Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest,'' :''There is no deity but Allah'' :''Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest'' :''and to Allah goes all praise''

Variation :{| |''Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''lā ilāha illā Allāh'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | لا إله إلا الله |- |''wa Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | والله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''wa li-illāhil-ḥamd'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | ولله الحمد |- |''Alḥamdulillāh `alā mā hadānā, wa lahul-shukru `ala mā awlānā'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الحمدلله على ما هدانا و له الشكر على ما اولانا |}

:''Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, '' :''There is no deity but Allah'' :''and Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest'' :''and to Allah goes all praise, (We) sing the praises of Allah because He has shown us the Right Path. (We) gratefully thank Him because He takes care of us and looks after our interests.''

Variation:

:{| |''Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر الله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''lā ilāha illā Allāh'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | لا إله إلا الله |- |''Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر الله أكبر |- |''wa li-illāhil-ḥamd'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | ولله الحمد |- |''Allāhu akbar kabīra, wal ḥamdu lillāhi kathīra, wa subḥāna Allāhi bukratan wa aṣīlā'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | الله أكبر كبيرا والحمد لله كثيرا وسبحان الله بكرة وأصيلا |- |''lā ilāha illā Allāh waḥdah(i)'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" |لا اله إلا الله وحده |- |''Ṣadaqa wa`dah, wa naṣara abdah, wa 'a`azza jundahu wa ḥazama al-aḥzaba waḥdah'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | صدق وعده ونصر عبده وأعز جنده وهزم الأحزاب وحده |- |''lā ilāha illā Allāh'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | لا إله إلا الله |- |''walā na`budu illā iyyāh'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | ولا نعبد إلا إياه |- |''Mukhliṣīn lahu ud-dīn wa law kariha al kāfirūn'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | مخلصين له الدين ولو كره الكافرون |- |''Allāhumma ṣallī `alā Sayyidinā Muḥammad, wa `alā āla Sayyidinā Muḥammad, wa `alā aṣḥabi Sayyidinā Muḥammad, wa `alā anṣāri Sayyidinā Muḥammad, wa `alā azwāji Sayyidinā Muḥammad, wa `alā ḏurriyyati Sayyidinā Muḥammadin wa sallim taslīman kathīra'' | style="text-align: right; padding-left: 2em;" | اللهم صل على سيدنا محمد وعلى آل سيدنا محمد وعلى أصحاب سيدنا محمد وعلى أنصار سيدنا محمد وعلى أزواج سيدنا محمد وعلى ذرية سيدنا محمد وسلم تسليما كثيرا |}

:''Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest,'' :''There is no deity but Allah'' :''Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest'' :''and to Allah goes all praise'' :''Allah is the Greatest, all Praise is due to Him, And Glory to Allah, eventide and in the morning'' :''There is no god, but Allah the Unique'' :''He has fulfilled His Promise, and made Victorious His worshipper, and made Mighty His soldiers and defeated the confederates'' :''There is no deity but Allah'' :''He alone we worship'' :''With sincere and exclusive devotion, even though the infidels hate it'' :''O Allah, have Mercy on our Prophet Muhammad, and on the family of our Prophet Muhammad, and on the Companions of our Prophet Muhammad, and on the Helpers of our Prophet Muhammad, and on the wives of our Prophet Muhammad, and on the offspring of our Prophet Muhammad, and bestow upon them much peace''.

Traditions and practices

Men, women, and children are expected to dress in their finest clothing to perform Eid prayer (''ṣalātu l-`Īdi'') in a large congregation is an open waqf field called Eidgah or mosque. Those Muslims who can afford, i.e ''Malik-e-Nisaab''; sacrifice their best domestic animals (usually a cow, but can also be a camel, goat, sheep or ram depending on the region) as a symbol of Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his only son. The sacrificed animals, called ''Uḍhiyyah'' (, also known by its Persian term, "al-Qurbāni"), have to meet certain age and quality standards or else the animal is considered an unacceptable sacrifice.

The regular charitable practices of the Muslim community are demonstrated during Eid al-Adha by concerted efforts to see that no impoverished person is left without an opportunity to partake in the sacrificial meal during these days.

During Eid al-Adha, distributing meat amongst the people, chanting the Takbir out loud before the Eid prayer on the first day and after prayers throughout the three days of Eid, are considered essential parts of this important Islamic festival. In some countries, families that do not own livestock can make a contribution to a charity that will provide meat to those who are in need.

Eid al-Adha in the Gregorian calendar

While Eid al-Adha is always on the same day of the Islamic calendar, the date on the Gregorian calendar varies from year to year since the Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. The lunar calendar is approximately eleven days shorter than the solar calendar. Each year, Eid al-Adha (like other Islamic holidays) falls on one of two different Gregorian dates in different parts of the world, because the boundary of crescent visibility is different from the International Date Line.

The following list shows the official dates of Eid al-Adha for Saudi Arabia as announced by the Supreme Judicial Council. Future dates are calculated according to the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia. The three days after the listed date are also part of the festival. The time before the listed date the pilgrims visit the Mount Arafat and descend from it after sunrise of the listed day. Future dates of Eid al-Adha might face correction 10 days before the festivity, in case of deviant lunar sighting in Saudi Arabia for the start of the month ''Dhul Hijja''.

1418 (Islamic Calendar): April 7, 1998

1419 (Islamic Calendar): March 27, 1999

1420 (Islamic Calendar): March 16, 2000

1421 (Islamic Calendar): March 5, 2001

1422 (Islamic Calendar): February 23, 2002

1423 (Islamic Calendar): February 12, 2003

1424 (Islamic Calendar): February 1, 2004

1425 (Islamic Calendar): January 21, 2005

1426 (Islamic Calendar): January 10, 2006

1427 (Islamic Calendar): December 31, 2006

1428 (Islamic Calendar): December 20, 2007

1429 (Islamic Calendar): December 8, 2008

1430 (Islamic Calendar): November 27, 2009

1431 (Islamic Calendar): November 16, 2010

1432 (Islamic Calendar): November 7, 2011 (calculated)

1433 (Islamic Calendar): October 26, 2012 (calculated)

1434 (Islamic Calendar): October 15, 2013 (calculated)

1435 (Islamic Calendar): October 4, 2014 (calculated)

1436 (Islamic Calendar): September 23, 2015 (calculated)

1437 (Islamic Calendar): September 11, 2016 (calculated)

1438 (Islamic Calendar): September 1, 2017 (calculated)

1439 (Islamic Calendar): August 21, 2018 (calculated)

1440 (Islamic Calendar): August 11, 2019 (calculated)

1441 (Islamic Calendar): July 31, 2020 (calculated)

1442 (Islamic Calendar): July 23, 2021 (calculated)

^Corrected

Notes

External links

Eid-Ul-Fitr SMS

Moon Sighting Eid Al-Adha

Moonsightings for different regions or their following after some other region

Hadiths on Hajj and Qurbani

Eid al-Adha (Feast of the Sacrifice)

The Feast of Sacrifice

The Festival of Sacrifice

Articles on background, performance and significance of Hajj

Hadith on Eid al-Adha from Sahih Al-Bukhari

Hadith About Eid ul Adha

Category:Islamic festivals Category:Islamic holy days Category:Shi'a days of remembrance Category:Hajj Category:Abraham

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Coordinates	40°42′15.0″N73°55′4.0″N
name	Sheikh Hamza Yusuf
birth name	Mark Hanson
birth place	Walla Walla, Washington, United States
residence	Northern California, United States
occupation	Islamic scholar, teacher
religion	Sunni Islam (Sufism)
spouse	Liliana (Umm Yahya) Hanson
website	Sandala.org
footnotes	}}

Hamza Yusuf Hanson is an Islamic scholar, teacher, and co-founder of Zaytuna College in Berkeley, California, United States. He is an American convert to Islam, and is one of the signatories of A Common Word Between Us and You, an open letter by Islamic scholars to Christian leaders, calling for peace and understanding.

Biography

Hamza Yusuf was born in Washington State and raised in Northern California. In 1977, he became Muslim and subsequently traveled to the Muslim world and studied for ten years in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, as well as North and West Africa. Hamza Yusuf is a co-founder of Zaytuna College, located in Berkeley, California. He is an advisor to Stanford University's Program in Islamic Studies and the Center for Islamic Studies at Berkeley's Graduate Theological Union. He also serves as a member of the board of advisors of George Russell's One Nation, a national philanthropic initiative that promotes pluralism and inclusion in America. In addition, he serves as vice-president for the Global Center for Guidance and Renewal, which was founded and is currently presided over by Abdallah Bin Bayyah, one of the top jurists and masters of Islamic sciences in the world.

Hamza Yusuf has promoted Islamic sciences and classical teaching methodologies throughout the world. He has also been an advocate for social justice, peace, and conviviality among peoples and places. For several years, he has argued that the "them versus us" problem is fundamentally flawed, as he considers himself one of "them" as well as one of "us."

Hamza Yusuf has served as an advisor to many organizations, leaders, and heads of state. He has been an innovator in modern Islamic education, founding the highly imitated Deen Intensives, and with Shaykh Ibrahim Osi-Efa, he started the first Rihla program in England, which has been running for over fifteen years. Dozens of young Muslims who were influenced by his call to reviving traditional Islamic studies in the West went to the Muslim lands in the nineties and early part of the current decade to study, many of who are now teachers in their own right.

With Eissa Bougari, Hamza Yusuf initiated a media challenge to the Arab world that resulted in a highly successful cultural religious program that he hosted for three years and was one of the most watched programs in the Arab world during Ramadan. Cambridge Media Studies stated that this program had a profound influence on subsequent religious programming in the Arab world. He has also been interviewed on BBC several times and was the subject of a BBC documentary segment ''The Faces of Islam'', ushering in the new millennium, as it aired at 11:30pm on Dec. 31st 1999.

Hamza Yusuf has been an outspoken critic of American foreign policy as well as Islamic extremist responses to those policies. He has drawn criticism from both the extreme right in the West and Muslim extremists in the East.

He founded the Zaytuna Institute in 1996, which has established an international reputation for presenting a classical picture of Islam in the West and which is dedicated to the revival of traditional study methods and the sciences of Islam. Hamza Yusuf currently resides in Northern California with his wife and five children.

Hamza Yusuf has also authored several encyclopedia articles and research papers. His published books include The Burda (2003), Purification of the Heart (2004), The Content of Character (2004), The Creed of Imam al-Tahawi (2007), Agenda to Change our Condition (2007), and Walking on Water (2010). Forthcoming are The Prayer of the Oppressed, and The Helpful Guide.

Hamza Yusuf is the first American lecturer to teach in Morocco's prestigious and oldest university, the University of Al-Karaouine in Fes. He is married and has five children, all boys.

Academics

Critical reception

The British newspaper ''The Guardian'' called him "one of the West's most influential Muslim scholars." Jordan's Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre placed him on its list of the top 50 most influential Muslims in the world. The magazine Egypt Today described him as a kind of theological rock star, "the Elvis Presley of western Muslims." Recently, Hamza Yusuf was ranked as "the Western world's most influential Islamic scholar" by The 500 Most Influential Muslims, edited by John Esposito and Ibrahim Kalin, (2009).

Publications

Books Authored

The Burda The Burda (2003)

Purification of the Heart: Signs, Symptoms and Cures of the Spiritual Diseases of the Heart (2004)

The Content of Character (2004)

The State We Are In: Identity, Terror, and the Law of Jihad (contributing Author), (2006)

The Creed of Imam Al-Tahawi The Creed of Imam Al-Tahawi (2007)

Agenda to Change our Condition co-authored with Imam Zaid Shakir(2007)

Walk on Water: The wisdom of Jesus Walk on Water: The wisdom of Jesus (2010)

Educating your Child in Modern Times

Books with Foreword or note

Instruction of the Student: The Method of Learning

The Prophetic Invocations By Mostafa Al-Badawi

Books Edited

Submission Faith and Beauty Submission Faith and Beauty, The Religion of Islam

Papers

Zaytuna Seasons Journal

Caesarean Moon Births

Climbing Mount Purgatorio

See also

Zaytuna College

Zaid Shakir

References

External links

Websites

Sandala.org - Official website of Shaykh Hamza Yusuf

Zaytuna.org - Zaytuna College

Category:1960 births Category:Living people Category:American people of Greek descent Category:Islamic studies scholars Category:Muslim reformers Category:Converts to Islam from Eastern Orthodoxy Category:San Jose State University alumni Category:American Sunni Muslims Category:People from Hayward, California Category:People from Walla Walla, Washington Category:American Muslims Category:Converts to Islam

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