22 (twenty-two) is the natural number following 21 and preceding 23.

In mathematics

Twenty-two is an even composite number, its proper divisors being 1, 2 and 11. 22 is the sixth discrete semiprime and the fourth in the (2.q) family. With 21 it forms the second discrete semiprime pair. 22 has an aliquot sum of 14 and is the fifth composite number found in the 7-aliquot tree. It has a 7- member aliquot sequence 22, 14, 10, 8, 7, 1, 0 of which the next two members are themselves discrete semiprimes, 22 is the first discrete semiprime exhibiting this property. 169 also has 14 as its aliquot sum. 22 is itself the aliquot sum of two numbers 20, 38.

Twenty-two is a pentagonal number and a centered heptagonal number. When cutting a circle with just six line segments, the maximum number of pieces that can be so created is 22, thus 22 is a central polygonal number (see lazy caterer's sequence).

The sum of the totient function for the first eight integers is 22. 22 is a Perrin number, preceded in the sequence by 10, 12, 17.

22 divided by 7 approximates the irrational number π, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Since it is possible to find sequences of 22 consecutive integers such that each inner member shares a factor with either the first or the last member, 22 is an Erdős–Woods number.

It is a Smith number in base 10.

In physics and chemistry

The atomic number of titanium is 22.

In religion

There are 22 letters in the Hebrew alphabet

There are 22 chapters of the Revelation of John in the Bible

In the Kabbalah, there are 22 paths between the ''sephiroth''

Psalm 22 (22nd in the Book of Psalm in the King James Bible), described by the New American Standard Bible as the "A Cry of Anguish and a Song of Praise", is the Psalm to which the crucified and dying Jesus makes reference, citing its first verse in Aramaic (Matthew 27:46; Mark 15:34)

There are 22 verses in Surah "Al Burooj"(The Zodiac, or Constellations), in the Quran. Linking the Zodiac and the mystery of the number 22, as found in the Major Arcana.

In numerals

In the divinatory tarot, there are 22 major arcana cards. These cards are numbered 0-21, so it is a matter of interpretation whether The Fool or The World is card number 22. The latter card is almost always associated with hard workers, a red-gold colour, and a rose-gold gemstone. The digital root of the 22 is the 4, which is the number of hard work.

In sports

In rugby union, the "22" is a the line in each half of the field which is 22 metres from the respective try line. It has significance in a number of laws particularly relating to kicking the ball away.

22 is the number of players on the field in a Football (soccer) match, and also the number of players on the field at any one time in an American football match.

The jersey number 22 has been retired by several North American sports teams in honor of past playing greats:

* In Major League Baseball:

** The Baltimore Orioles, for Hall of Famer Jim Palmer.

* In the NBA:

** The Boston Celtics, for Hall of Famer Ed Macauley.

** The Cleveland Cavaliers, for Larry Nance.

** The Dallas Mavericks, for Rolando Blackman.

** The Houston Rockets and Portland Trail Blazers, both for Hall of Famer Clyde Drexler.

** The Los Angeles Lakers, for Hall of Famer Elgin Baylor.

** The Lakers have separately honored #22 for Hall of Famer Slater Martin, who wore the number before Baylor when the team was the Minneapolis Lakers.

** The New York Knicks, for Hall of Famer Dave DeBusschere.

* In the NFL:

** The Baltimore Colts retired #22 for Buddy Young. Since the team's controversial relocation to Indianapolis, the current Indianapolis Colts have not retired any numbers, but continue to honor all numbers retired by the franchise in Baltimore.

** The Detroit Lions, for Hall of Famer Bobby Layne.

** The Dallas Cowboys have a policy of not retiring numbers. However, the team has not issued #22 since Hall of Famer Emmitt Smith left the team in 2002.

* In the NHL:

** The New York Islanders, for Hall of Famer Mike Bossy.

The length of a cricket pitch is 22 yards.

In Australian rules football there are 22 players on each team, comprising a starting 18, and 4 bench players.

"22" is a common name for the .22 calibre .22 Long Rifle cartridge.

"22" is the number of the Bill Davis Racing Toyota driven by Dave Blaney

"22" was the number of Lewis Hamilton's McLaren-Mercedes in 2008 and is the number of Jenson Button's Brawn-Mercedes in 2009, both winning the drivers' championship that year.

"22" was the jersey number of Mark Ingram, running back for the University of Alabama, who was the Crimson Tide's first ever Heisman Trophy winner. He did so in 2009, the same year the Tide won their 22nd SEC Championship.

In music

The name of a song by punk band Millencolin.

In Jay-Z's song "22 Two's", he rhymes the words: too, to and two, 22 times in the first verse.

Iron Maiden has a song named "22 Acacia Avenue".

Death Metal band Hypocrisy album "Catch 22" released in year 2002.

Lily Allen has a song titled "22" from her album ''It's Not Me, It's You''.

Paul Weller has a song and album named ''22 Dreams''. The album contains 22 songs on it, including the song "22 Dreams".

The Norwegian electronica project Ugress uses 22 as a recurring theme. All four albums features a track with 22 in the title.

In journalism, literature, fashion, art, film and television

''Catch-22'', the 1961 novel (and its 1970 film version) by Joseph Heller, which consequently gave rise to the expression "catch-22"

''Twenty-Two'', Season 2–episode 17 (February 10, 1961) of the 1959-64 TV series ''The Twilight Zone'' in which a hospitalized dancer has nightmares about a sinister nurse inviting her to Room 22, the hospital morgue.

In the online series ''Prom Queen'', the number 22 factors prominently into the story, appearing in numerous episodes, and the digits in the date of the prom (6/9/07) add up to 22.

''Revista 22'', a magazine published in Romania

The typical (minimum) number of episodes in a season for a television program broadcast on a major American network is 22.

Insult comedian Jack E. Leonard, on his numerous television game show appearances, answered with "22" to any question requiring a numerical response.

On the show Most Evil, a forensic psychiatrist scales from 1 to 22, evilness is mentally evaluated.

There are 22 stars in the Paramount Films logo.

The typical length of a half hour sitcom not including commercials is 22 minutes.

In weights and measures

The number of yards in a chain.

A cricket pitch is 22 yards in length

In computing

The standard port number for the Secure Shell protocol

A quotation mark (in a URL it appears as a "%22")

In technology

22 is the designation of the USAF stealth fighter, the F-22 Raptor.

.22 Long Rifle

In photography

f/22 is the largest f-stop (and thus smallest aperture) available on most lenses made for single-lens reflex cameras

In politics

The central number in the numerologically-based political platform of fringe U.S. Presidential candidate Love 22

22nd Bahman 1357 (according to the Iranian calendar; February 11, 1979) a revolution took place in Iran resulting in the decline of Pahlavi Dynasty in Iran which consequently led to establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the leadership of Ruh-o llah Khomayni. Latter this day has been annually celebrated by the Iranian government.

In jargon

In French, "22" is used as a phrase to warn of the coming of the police (typically ''"22, v'là les flics !"'', "22, here come the cops!")

In other fields

Twenty-two may also refer to:

The number of the French department Côtes-d'Armor

The Titanic was traveling at a speed of 22 knots before it crashed into an iceberg.

In bingo, 22 is referred to as 'Two Little Ducks'

See also

Catch 22 (disambiguation)

Synchronicity

22 (numerology)

References

External links

The Number 22 at The Database of Number Correlations

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Coordinates	28°36′50″N77°12′32″N
name	Rolf Harris, CBE, AM
background	solo_singer
born	March 30, 1930Bassendean, Perth, Australia
instrument	Vocals, stylophone, didgeridoo, wobble board
genre	Folk music, rock and roll, comedy
occupation
years active	1950–present
label	Various
website	Official site }}

Rolf Harris, CBE, AM (born 30 March 1930) is an Australian musician, singer-songwriter, composer, painter and television personality.

Born in Perth, Western Australia, Harris was a champion swimmer before studying art. He moved to England in 1952, where he started to appear on television programmes on which he drew the characters. He also began a musical career initially with the piano accordion. He wrote the famous song "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport", and when performing in Canada he introduced his popular routine ''Jake the Peg''. He often uses unusual instruments in his performances: he plays the didgeridoo, has been credited with the invention of the wobble board, a rhythmic percussion instrument, and was associated with the Stylophone, a small electronic keyboard instrument.

From the 1960s he has become a popular television personality, presenting shows including ''Rolf's Cartoon Club'', ''Animal Hospital'' and various programmes about serious art. In late 2005 he painted an official portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, which was the subject of a special episode of ''Rolf on Art''.

Early life

Named after Rolf Boldrewood, an Australian writer his mother admired, he was born in Bassendean, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, to Cromwell ("Crom") Harris and Agnes Margaret Harris (née Robbins) who had both emigrated from Cardiff, Wales. He is the nephew of Australian artist Pixie O'Harris (1903–1991). As a child he owned a dog called Buster Fleabags. A book of the same name was written for Quick Reads in 2010.

As an adolescent and young adult Harris was a champion swimmer. In 1946 he was the Australian Junior 110 yards Backstroke Champion.

He was also the Western Australian state champion over a variety of distances and strokes during the period from 1948 to 1952.

Harris attended Perth Modern School in Subiaco, and the University of Western Australia.

Whilst just 16, and still a student at Perth Modern School, his self-portait in oils was one of the 80 works (out of 200 submitted) accepted to be hung in the Art Gallery of New South Wales as an entry in the 1947 Archibald Prize.

He met his wife, the Welsh sculptress and jeweller Alwen Hughes, while they were both art students, and they married on 1 March 1958. They have one daughter, Bindi Harris (born 10 March 1964), who studied art at Bristol Polytechnic and is now a painter.

Music and art

Harris moved to England as an art student at City and Guilds Art School, Kennington, South London at the age of 22, getting into television with the BBC in 1953, performing a regular ten-minute cartoon drawing section with a puppet called "Fuzz", made and operated on the show by magician Robert Harbin. He illustrated Robert Harbin's ''Paper Magic'' (1956). He also had a few acting roles in British television programmes and films as Harry in The Vise and as Pte Proudfoot in the 1955 Tommy Trinder film ''You Lucky People''.

When commercial television started in 1956 Harris was the only entertainer to work on both BBC and ITV, performing on BBC with his own creation, "Willoughby", a specially made board on which he drew Willoughby, (voiced and operated by Peter Hawkins). The character would then come to life and hold a comedic dialogue with Harris as he drew cartoons of Willoughby's antics.

On Associated Rediffusion he invented a character called Oliver Polip the Octopus which he drew on the back of his hand and animated, as well as illustrating Oliver's adventures with cartoons on huge sheets of card.

He had drifted away from art school as a slightly disillusioned student and had luckily met his longtime hero, Australian impressionist painter Hayward Veal, who took Harris under his wing and became his mentor, teaching him the rudiments of impressionism and showing him how it could help with his portrait painting.

At the same time Harris was entertaining with his piano accordion every Thursday night at a club called the Down Under, a haunt for homesick Australians and New Zealanders. Here, over the next several years, he honed his entertainment skills, eventually writing the song which was later to become his theme song, 'Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport'. He also appeared regularly at Clement Freud's "Royal Court Theatre Club" in Sloane Square, where he sat at the piano and entertained débutantes and their escorts.

Harris was headhunted to return to Perth when television was introduced there in 1960. There he produced and starred in five half-hour children's shows a week, as well as starring in his own weekly evening variety show. During that year he recorded in the TVW studios the song he had written for the Down Under Club in London, 'Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport'. It was released by EMI and became his first recording and his first number one. At the end of 1960 he toured Australia for Dulux paints, singing his hit song and doing huge paintings on stage with Dulux emulsion paint. While painting on stage, one of his catchphrases was, "Can you tell what it is yet?"

He and his wife Alwen went to Vancouver in Canada by mistake, and had a huge success there, working two shows a night at the Arctic Club, where he was held over for 31 weeks until the club accidentally burnt down on Christmas Eve, 1961. He was immediately transferred to the huge "Cave" theatre restaurant to great critical acclaim.

He returned to the United Kingdom early in 1962 and was introduced to George Martin, who re-recorded all Harris's songs including "Sun Arise", an Aboriginal-type song Harris had written with Perth naturalist Harry Butler. The song went to number 2 in the UK charts, losing the number 1 spot to Elvis Presley. He met and worked with the Beatles when they started recording with George Martin, and compèred their Christmas show in Finsbury Park Empire in 1963.

He and his wife have lived permanently in the United Kingdom since 1962, and he has regularly returned to Vancouver to entertain ever since. He has also regularly returned to Perth over the years for family visits and to the rest of Australia where he has spent as much as four months every year touring with his band.

In 1973 Harris performed the very first concert in the Concert Hall of the newly completed Sydney Opera House, to huge acclaim.

Since the late 1960s Harris had been performing top-rated variety television shows on the BBC in London, shows which were also shown in Australia and New Zealand, creating great support for his many tours in both countries as well as in South Africa.

Harris has been credited with inventing a simple homemade instrument called the wobble board. This discovery was accidentally made in the course of his work when he attempted to dry a freshly painted hardboard with added heat, from hearing the sound made by the board as he shook it by the short edges to cool it off. He suggests the effect can best be obtained through faint bouncing of a tempered hardboard or a thinner MDF board between the palms of one's hands.

In 1960 he worked on TVW-7's first locally produced show ''Spotlight''. During his time at TVW he recorded his hit ''Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport''. The song was recorded on a single microphone placed above him in the television studio. The song was sent to record company EMI in Sydney and it was soon released as a record. Harris offered four unknown backing musicians 10% of the royalties for the song, but they decided to take a recording fee of ₤7 each because they thought the song would be a flop. The novelty song was originally titled "Kangalypso" and featured the distinctive sound of the "wobble board", which was played by bouncing it up and down.

The original 1960 single release recording of the song issued in Australia was considered controversial by some listeners because of the lyrics of the fourth verse. The verse appears to refer to Aboriginal servitude and captivity in a whimsically approving manner. In addition, the word "abo" was beginning to be seen as a term of abuse at the time. Most of the rest of the song refers to pet Australian animals.

The offending verse did not feature in later versions of the song. In 2006, four decades after the song's release, Harris expressed his regret about that original lyric. Harris also performed this song in 2000 with Australia's children's supergroup The Wiggles.

Harris sang "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport" (with The Beatles singing backing vocals) in the first edition of the ''From Us to You'' BBC radio shows, in December 1963. Harris completely customized the original lyrics to a version that was specially written for The Beatles:

''Cut yer hair once a year boys,'' (repeat), ''If it covers your ears you can't hear boys, so'' (repeat first line). :''Don't ill-treat me pet dingo, Ringo,'' (repeat). ''He can't understand your lingo, Ringo, so'' (repeat first line). :''George’s guitar's on the blink, I think,'' (repeat), ''It shouldn't go plinkety plink, no,'' (repeat first line). :''Prop me up by the wall, Paul,'' (repeat), '''Cause if you don't I might fall, Paul, so'' (repeat first line). :''Keep the hits coming on, John,'' (repeat), '''Til long long after I've gone, John, just'' (repeat first line).

It was after this recording that Harris gave Ringo his first Wobble board of which Starr now has the largest collection outside Australia.

As well as his trademark beatboxing, similar to eefing, Harris went on to use an array of unusual instruments in his music, including the didgeridoo (the sound of which was imitated on ''Sun Arise'' by four double basses), Jew's harp and, later, the stylophone (for which he also lent his name and likeness for advertising). Harris has played the didgeridoo on two albums by English pop singer Kate Bush, 1982's ''The Dreaming'' and 2005's ''Aerial''. Harris went on to create one of his most famous roles in the 1960s, Jake the Peg but his biggest hit was in 1969 with his rendering of the American Civil War song "Two Little Boys", written in 1902. It was only recently that Harris discovered a personal poignancy to the song because the story bears such a resemblance to the World War I experiences of his father Crom and Crom's beloved younger brother Carl, who died at the age of 19 after being wounded in battle in France, just two weeks before the Armistice of November 1918. Two Little Boys was the Christmas Number One song in the UK charts for six weeks in 1969. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc.

In 2000 Harris, along with Steve Lima, released a dance track called "Fine Day" which entered the top 30 in the UK charts at that time. A "Killie-themed" version was recorded and scheduled for release in March 2007 to coincide with the Scottish football club Kilmarnock's appearance in the Scottish League Cup final after the song was adopted by the fans in 2003. One of the lyrics referred to the hypothetical situation in which Kilmarnock could be 5-0 down, which ironically was similar to the final score of 5-1.

In November and December 2002, under Charles Saumarez Smith's direction, London's National Gallery exhibited a collection of Harris's art. He was also commissioned to paint a portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II for her 80th birthday, which was unveiled by Rolf Harris on 19 December 2005 at Buckingham Palace. In his words, it is an impressionistic rather than photographic depiction. Some commentators found it to be offensive and unbecoming of the Queen, but the Queen herself expressed her approval at the painting after her final sitting, particularly with the way in which Harris had painted her smile. The story of the painting featured as a special edition of ''Rolf on Art''. The special, called ''The Queen by Rolf'', was broadcast on BBC One on 1 January 2006. In his painting of the portrait of the Queen, Harris was following a family tradition  — Harris's grandfather painted a portrait of the Queen's grandfather, King George V (in which the King was inspecting the troops). The portrait was exhibited in the Australian National Portrait Gallery in Canberra for six months, after Harris gave the prestigious annual lecture there in 2008.

In 2005 Harris played the didgeridoo on Kate Bush's album ''Aerial'', contributing vocals to the songs "An Architect's Dream" and "The Painter's Link". In the late 1980s he was touring in Australia and was asked to sing his own comedy version of "Stairway to Heaven" on a television programme "The Money or the Gun". He did this with his own small group and had great success. Several years later it was released as a single in the UK and went to number 4 in the charts, causing a great furore among "Led Zeppelin" fans, and great enjoyment for everyone else. As a result of this success he appeared at the Glastonbury Festival in 1993 and was later named the best entertainer ever to have appeared at Glastonbury. He has since appeared four more times at subsequent Glastonbury festivals and most recently appeared there on 27 June 2009 on the Jazz World Stage to a packed crowd.

In September 2010 Harris appeared at the Bestival Festival on the Isle of Wight, and played on the pyramid stage at Glastonbury Festival on Friday 25 June 2010, during the festival's 40th birthday.

On 5th August 2011, Harris played at Wickham Festival in Hampshire.

1982 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony

Matilda, a winking kangaroo was the mascot for the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. When Matilda arrived at the stadium, she 'winked' to the crowd as she went around the stadium track — then her 'pouch' opened and several young children (about 5 to 7 years old), dressed as joey kangaroos, rushed out (then ran to — and jumped on — a number of trampolines which had been set up specially for them).

Harris, who was standing, complete with wobble board, at the back of a small truck, then sang a special rendition of his hit song "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport", which included some lyrics specially written for the Opening Ceremony: :''Let me welcome you to the Games, friends'', :''Welcome you to the Games'' : ''Look, I don't know all of your names, friends'', :''But let me welcome you to the Games''.

Following his singing of "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport", Harris sang "Waltzing Matilda". As well as a videotape recording of the Opening Ceremony being released, the music for the Opening Ceremony was released as an album and an audio tape, with Harris as one of the featured artists.

"Stairway to Heaven"

Harris's career received a boost in 1993 when his cover version of Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven" became a hit, reaching number 7 of the UK singles chart. Harris originally performed the song, live, during an appearance on the television comedy show ''The Money or the Gun''. Each episode of ''The Money or the Gun'' featured a rendition of ''Stairway to Heaven'' but in the idiosyncratic style of another performer. Harris's version of the song recreated the song in the style of "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport", complete with wobble board and didgeridoo solos. Although he had the sheet music, Harris claims that he had not heard the original version when he recorded his; as such, he disavows any claim that his version was intended to be irreverent or humorous. Harris's version was one of 28 versions of the song performed on the show — and his version is one of the 25 versions of the song which was released on the ''The Money or the Gun's Stairways to Heaven'' videotape and CD (Harris's single comes from the same recording of his version of the song). A wobble board Harris used to perform "Stairway to Heaven" on Top of the Pops is now part of the National Museum of Australia collection.

Recordings and appearances

Harris is known for Channel 7 Perth's jingle "Children's Channel 7".

Harris also recorded a version of Queen's "Bohemian Rhapsody" around this time. He performed The Divinyls' "I Touch Myself" — accompanied only by his wobble board — for Andrew Denton's Musical Challenge on the MMM Breakfast Show (the recording was released on the first Musical Challenge compilation album in 2000). Later that year he made his first appearance at the Glastonbury Festival in what was seen as a novelty act. He played there again in 1998, 2000, 2002, 2009 and 2010.

Harris has also recorded an Australian Christmas song called Six White Boomers, about a joey Kangaroo trying to find his mother during Christmastime, and how Santa Claus used six large male kangaroos (Boomers), instead of reindeer "because they can't stand the terrible heat" to pull his sleigh and help the little joey find his "Mummy".

In October 2008 Harris announced he would re-record his 1969 hit "Two Little Boys", backed by North Wales's Froncysyllte Male Voice Choir, to mark the 90th anniversary of the end of World War I. Proceeds from the new release went to The Poppy Appeal. Harris was inspired to make the recording after participating in ''My Family at War'', a short series of programmes in the BBC's Remembrance season, which was broadcast in November 2008. He discovered that the experiences of his father and uncle during the Great War mirrored the lyrics of the song.

A sampling of Harris saying "You've just heard one of the most remarkable applications in modern electronics", grabbed from a Stylophone instruction disc, appears at the end of the Pulp hit "Countdown".

Television career

Harris has had a long career on British television, making his debut in 1953 on a five-minute spot with a puppet called 'Fuzz' in a one-hour children’s show called 'Jigsaw'. The following year he was a regular on a BBC Television programme called ''Whirligig'', with a character called 'Willoughby', who sprang to life on a drawing board but was erased at the end of the show.

Although he chiefly appeared on the BBC, he was also on ITV with his 'Oliver Polip the Octopus' character on ''Small Time'' on Associated Rediffusion. He was the presenter of ''Hi There'' and ''Hey Presto it’s Rolf'' in 1964. Consequently he was already well-known face on television when ''The Rolf Harris Show'' was broadcast from 1967-1974 on BBC1. Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s this series in various formats remained a popular light-entertainment staple, latterly being broadcast on Saturday evenings as ''Rolf on Saturday OK?'' Harris was also the commentator for the United Kingdom in the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest. On 31 December 1976, Harris performed his hit song ''Two Little Boys'' on BBC1's A Jubilee Of Music, celebrating British pop music for Queen Elizabeth II's impending Silver Jubilee.

On many of his television appearances he painted pictures on large boards in an apparently slapdash manner, with the odd nonsense song thrown in, but with detailed results. This was often accompanied by the phrase "Can you tell what is it yet?" just before the painting became recognisable. These appearances led to a string of television series based on his artistic ability, notably ''Rolf Harris's Cartoon Time'' on BBC1 in the 1980s and ''Rolf's Cartoon Club'' on ITV between 1989-1993. On the children's show he also gave out tips to children on how to draw and create easy animation techniques, like flickbooks. The latter programme witnessed another Harris catchphrase, "See you on Ro-o-o-o-o-o-lf's Cartoon Club, next week!" He also hosted a successful variety television series in Canada, which was a second home to Harris during the 1960s.

From 1994-2004 he was the host of the reality television programme ''Animal Hospital'', which chronicled the real-life activity of a British veterinary practice. Harris then adopted a greyhound that had been abandoned at the vet's, named Rocky. Harris presented 19 series of ''Animal Hospital'' for BBC One. It was five times winner in the ''Most Popular Factual Entertainment Show'' category of The National TV Awards. In an Australian Times article, journalist Kris Griffiths wrote of Animal Hospital: “One scene of Rolf’s tearful breakdown as a dog is euthanised became forever ingrained in fans’ memories, a spontaneous display that boosted the next episode’s ratings to a zenith of 10m.” When referring to a dead or dying animal on the programme, one of his catchphrases was, "The Poor Little Blighter".

More recently he presented ''Rolf on Art'', which highlighted the work of some of his favourite artists, including van Gogh, Degas, Monet and Gauguin. ''Rolf on Art'' which made television history when it gained the highest television ratings ever for an arts programme, is now in its sixth year. On 26 September 2004 Harris fronted a project to recreate John Constable's famous ''The Hay Wain'' painting on a vast scale, with 150 people contributing to a small section. Each individual canvas was assembled into the full picture live on the BBC, in the show ''Rolf on Art: The Big Event''. He was named as one of the ''Radio Times'''s list of the top 40 most eccentric television presenters of all time in July 2004.

The story of Harris's 80th birthday portrait painting of Queen Elizabeth II featured as a special edition of ''Rolf on Art'', broadcast on BBC One on 1 January 2006. Harris's portrait of The Queen was voted by readers of the ''Radio Times'' the third favourite portrait of Her Majesty. The royal portrait was exhibited at Buckingham Palace, the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, and was exhibited on a tour of public galleries in the UK.

In September 2006 the Royal Australian Mint launched the first of the new 2007 Silver Kangaroo Collector's Coin series. Harris was commissioned to design the first coin in the series. For the third year running, Harris designed and painted the official Children In Need Christmas card. Harris has presented three series of the BBC art programme ''Star Portraits with Rolf Harris''. In 2007, a documentary ''A Lifetime in Paint'' about Harris's work as an artist - from the early years in Australia to the present day - was screened on BBC One, followed by a ''Rolf On Art'' special titled ''Rolf on Lowry''.

In November 2007 at exhibition of Harris's new paintings was held at Portland Gallery, London. In December 2007 a new DVD titled ''Rolf Live!'' was released through his website.

''Rolf on Art: Beatrix Potter'' was screened on BBC One in December 2007.

Harris appeared with a wobble board in a Churchill Insurance advertisement in 2009, and hosted the satirical quiz show ''Have I Got News for You'', aired on 15 May 2009.

Harris is narrator of the 2010 Australian documentary series ''Penguin Island'', a 6-part natural history documentary about the life of the Little Penguin.

Harris appeared as himself on the Christmas special of ''My Family'' aired on 24 December 2010.

In 2011 Harris made a guest appearance on BBC 1 show The Magicians hosted by Lenny Henry.

In September 2010 - October 2010, Rolf Harris took part in 'Jamies Dream School' teaching Art to a class of 20 students. His personality inspired many of the students, and set a creative spark alight in the classroom. Widely respected by the students, he was seen as one of the favourite teachers at the school in Mill Hill. One of his most memorable scenes on the Channel 4 programme was when Rolf and one of the students called Ronnie sat together in a one to one Art session, when everyone else had left the class and created a masterpiece together.

Honours

Harris was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) on 17 June 2006, having previously been created a Member (MBE) in 1968 and an Officer (OBE) in 1977.

On 26 January 1989 he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM)

In 1975 he was appointed ''King of Moomba''

On 8 November 2007 Rolf Harris was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the University of East London.

On 1 July 2008 Harris was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame. He was joined onstage by The Seekers to perform "Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport" and his Jake the Peg routine.

On 26 January 2010 he was awarded an honorary doctorate at Liverpool Hope University.

Styles from birth

Rolf Harris, (1930–1968)

Rolf Harris, MBE (1968–1977)

Rolf Harris, OBE (1977–1989)

Rolf Harris, AM, OBE (1989–2006)

Rolf Harris, CBE, AM (2006–present)

References

External links

The Official Rolf Harris Web Site

Biography of Rolf Harris as a fine Artist

http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/55463 BFI Database: Rolf Harris

Some examples of Rolf Harris's art

Walker, John A. (2005) "Rolf Harris: Celebrity artist" ''Jamani/artdesigncafe'', February 2005

Rolf Harris collection at the National Museum of Australia

BBC raw words Quick Reads - Buster Fleabags by Rolf Harris

Category:1930 births Category:ARIA Award winners Category:ARIA Hall of Fame inductees Category:Australian expatriates in the United Kingdom Category:Australian painters Category:Australian people of Welsh descent Category:Australian television personalities Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Category:Didgeridoo players Category:Living people Category:Members of the Order of Australia Category:People educated at Perth Modern School Category:People from Perth, Western Australia Category:Recipients of the Centenary Medal Category:University of Western Australia alumni Category:Western Australian musicians

cy:Rolf Harris de:Rolf Harris fr:Rolf Harris la:Radulphus Harris fi:Rolf Harris sv:Rolf Harris

Coordinates	28°36′50″N77°12′32″N
Name	Noel Gallagher
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Noel Thomas David Gallagher
Born	May 29, 1967 Manchester, England
Genre	Rock, Britpop, alternative rock, psychedelic rock
Occupation	Musician, songwriter
Years active	1991–present
Instrument	Guitar, vocals, bass guitar, drums, keyboards, sitar, melodica, mellotron, piano, violin
Influeneces	John Lennon, Paul Weller, Johnny Marr, Ian Brown.
Label	Creation, Big Brother, Epic, Sour Mash
Associated acts	Oasis, The Rain, Tailgunner, Smokin' Mojo Filters, Inspiral Carpets, Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds
Notable instruments	Epiphone Supernova Signature ModelGibson ES-355Epiphone RivieraEpiphone SheratonGibson Les PaulGibson J-200Fender TelecasterGibson Trini LopezEpiphone Les Paul }}

Noel Thomas David Gallagher (born 29 May 1967) is an English musician and singer-songwriter. He was formerly the lead guitarist, backing vocalist and principal songwriter of the English rock band Oasis. He is currently fronting his solo project Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds.

Raised in Burnage, Manchester with brother Liam, Noel began learning guitar at the age of thirteen. After a series of odd jobs in construction, Noel worked for local Manchester band, Inspiral Carpets as a roadie and technician in 1988. Whilst touring with the Inspiral Carpets, he learned that Liam had formed a band of his own, known as The Rain, which eventually took on the name "Oasis". After Noel returned to England, he was invited by Liam to join Oasis as songwriter and guitarist.

Oasis' debut album, ''Definitely Maybe'' (1994) marked the beginning of the band's rise to fame as head of the Britpop movement. Oasis' second album, ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?'' reached the top of the album charts in many countries and their third studio album ''Be Here Now (album)'' became the fastest selling album in the United Kingdom of all time. Britpop soon declined in popularity however, and Oasis' next two albums failed to revive its popularity, however the band's final two albums ''Don't Believe the Truth'' (2005) and ''Dig Out Your Soul'' (2008) were hailed as the band's best efforts in over a decade, which found the band renewed success. On 28 August 2009, following an altercation with Liam prior to a gig in Paris, Noel announced his departure from Oasis and on 23 October 2009, he confirmed he would embark on a solo career.

Noel's run with Oasis was marked by turbulence, especially during the peak of Britpop, during which Noel was involved in several disputes with Liam, and the brothers' fights and wild lifestyles regularly made headlines in British tabloid newspapers. Noel (along with Oasis) also shared a personal rivalry with fellow Britpop band Blur. However, Noel was often regarded as the spear-head of the Britpop movement, and at one point of time, ''NME'' termed a number of Britpop bands (including The Boo Radleys, Ocean Colour Scene and Cast) as "Noelrock", citing Gallagher's influence on their success. Many have praised Gallagher's songwriting, with George Martin claiming Noel to be 'the finest songwriter of his generation'.

Childhood and early life

Noel Gallagher was born in Longsight, Manchester, to Irish parents Peggy and Thomas Gallagher. He was the couple's second child, after the birth of Paul Gallagher. Soon after the birth of younger brother Liam in 1972, the Gallaghers moved to Ashburn Avenue in the Manchester suburb of Burnage. Noel had an unhappy childhood. He and his brothers were often beaten by his alcoholic father, and he was often reclusive—Liam described him as "the weirdo in the family". Due to their unease around their father, Noel and Paul both developed stammers. As the oldest child, Paul was given a room to himself, and Noel was forced to share with Liam.

Peggy Gallagher acquired a legal notice of separation from her husband in 1976. Six years later she finally left him, taking the three boys with her. As teenagers the Gallagher brothers—especially Noel—were regular truants, often getting in trouble with the police. When his mother took a job working in the school canteen, Noel ensured that he stopped by to visit her during lunch before skipping the rest of the day. He was expelled from school at the age of 15 for throwing a bag of flour over a teacher. He used to hang around with the football hooligan firms Maine Line Crew, Under-5s and Young Guvnors in the 1980s, and at the age of thirteen, Noel received six months' probation for robbing a corner shop. It was during this period of probation, with little else to do, that Noel first began to teach himself to play a guitar his father had left him, imitating his favourite songs from the radio. Noel was particularly inspired by the debut of The Smiths on ''Top of the Pops'' in 1983, performing their single "This Charming Man". He later reflected, "From that day on ... I wanted to ''be'' [Smiths guitarist] Johnny Marr."

As teenagers the Gallagher brothers maintained limited contact with their father in order to secure jobs in construction. However, the relationship between father and sons continued to be tempestuous; Noel said, "Because we were always arguing we'd still be working at nine o'clock every night". Having left his father's building company, he took a job at another building firm sub-contracted to British Gas. There he sustained an injury when a heavy cap from a steel gas pipe landed on his right foot. Following a period of recuperation, Noel was offered a less physically demanding role in the company's storehouse, freeing up time in which to practice guitar and write songs. He claimed to have written at least three of the songs on ''Definitely Maybe'' in this storehouse (including "Live Forever" and "Columbia"). He later called the storehouse "The Hit Hut" and claimed the walls were painted gold Much of the late 1980s found Noel unemployed and living in a bedsit, occupying his time with recreational drug use, songwriting and guitar playing.

In May 1988, Noel met guitarist Graham Lambert of Inspiral Carpets during a Stone Roses show. The two struck up an acquaintanceship and Noel became a regular at Inspiral Carpets shows. When he heard singer Steve Holt was leaving the band, Noel auditioned to be the new vocalist. He was rejected, but became part of their road crew for two years. Singer Tom Hingley said Gallagher owes his own career to the band, since "his business sense, work ethic, message and humour are Inspiral down to the core." Noel struck up a friendship with monitor engineer Mark Coyle over their love of the Beatles, and the pair spent sound-checks dissecting the group's songs.

Career with Oasis

Joining the band

In 1991, Noel returned from an American tour with the Inspiral Carpets to find that his brother Liam had become a singer with a local band called "The Rain". Noel attended one of their concerts at Manchester's Boardwalk, but was unimpressed by the group's act. After rejecting an offer from Liam to be the band's manager, he agreed to join the band, on the condition that he take creative control of the group and become its sole songwriter. According to another source, Noel Gallagher told Liam and the rest of the group after having heard them play for the first time: "Let me write your songs and I'll take you to superstardom, or else you'll rot here in Manchester". His control over the band in its early years earned him the nickname "The Chief".

In May 1993, the band heard that a record executive from Creation Records would be scouting for talent at King Tut's in Glasgow. Together, they found the money to hire a van and make the six-hour journey. When they arrived, they were refused entry to the club because no one notified the venue that Oasis had been added to the bill. The band eventually secured the opening slot and played a four-song set that impressed Creation founder Alan McGee. McGee then took the ''Live Demonstration'' tape to Sony America and invited Oasis to meet with him a week later in London, at which point they were signed to a six-album contract. Gallagher has since claimed that he only had six songs written at the time, and has put his success in the interview down to "bullshitting". However, McGee believes that when they met, Gallagher had fifty or so songs written, and merely lied about how prolific he had been following the contract. Richard Ashcroft was so impressed with Oasis during the time, that he invited them to tour with his band The Verve as an opening act.

Gallagher claimed to have written Oasis' first single, "Supersonic", in "the time it takes to play the song." "Supersonic" was released in early 1994 and peaked at No.31 on the official UK charts. The single was later followed by Oasis' debut album ''Definitely Maybe'', which was released in August 1994 and was a critical and commercial success. It became the fastest-selling debut album in British history at the time, and entered the UK Charts at #1. Despite their rapidly growing popularity, Noel briefly left Oasis in 1994 during their first American tour. The conditions were poor, and he felt the American audience—still preoccupied with grunge and metal—did not understand the band. Noel stated that his early songs, especially "Live Forever", were written to refute grunge's pessimism. Tensions mounted between him and Liam, culminating in a fight after a disastrous L.A. gig. Having effectively decided to quit the music industry, he flew to San Francisco without telling the band, management or the crew. It was during this time that Noel wrote "Talk Tonight" as a "thank you" for the girl he stayed with, who "talked him from off the ledge". He was tracked down by Creation's Tim Abbot and during a trip by the pair to Las Vegas, Noel decided to continue with the band. He reconciled with his brother and the tour resumed in Minneapolis.

Britpop and the height of fame

Gallagher followed up the debut in 1995 with Oasis' first UK No.1 single in "Some Might Say". This preceded their second album, ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?'', released later that year. Though it suffered initial critical apathy, the album became the second fastest-selling album ever in the UK, entering the UK album charts at No.1 and peaking at No.4 on the ''Billboard'' 200 chart.

The success of Oasis and his newfound fame and fortune were not lost on Gallagher, and both he and his brother became famous for their "rock and roll lifestyle". They drank heavily, abused drugs, fought fans, critics, peers, and each other, and made celebrity friends such as Ian Brown, Paul Weller, Mani, Mick Jagger, Kate Moss and Johnny Depp. Noel Gallagher spent extravagantly, buying various cars and a swimming pool, despite the fact he can neither drive, nor swim. He named his house in Belsize Park in London "Supernova Heights" (after the song "Champagne Supernova"), and his two cats "Benson" and "Hedges" after his favourite brand of cigarettes.

Oasis went on to have greater success with their next two singles, "Wonderwall" and "Don't Look Back in Anger" charting at No.2 and No.1 respectively; the former becoming their sole top 10 hit in the US. Originally, Noel had wanted to take lead vocals on "Wonderwall", but Liam insisted on singing it. As compensation, Noel decided he would sing lead vocals on "Don't Look Back in Anger". 1995 also saw Gallagher play two songs for the charity album ''Help!'': "Fade Away", accompanied by friend and Oasis fan Johnny Depp and Depp's then-girlfriend Kate Moss; and The Beatles' 1969 hit "Come Together", along with Paul Weller, Paul McCartney and others in a supergroup called Smokin' Mojo Filters. Noel has also collaborated with the Chemical Brothers, Ian Brown, The Stands, The Prodigy and Weller, amongst others. Gallagher became so influential that a June 1996 ''NME'' article argued that "If Noel Gallagher, the most successful songwriter of his generation, champions a group, then said group are guaranteed more mainstream kudos and, quite possibly, more sales. And since Noel has taken to championing only five or six groups, then it's a powerful cabal he's promoting."

In March 1996, Noel and Liam Gallagher met their father again when the ''News of the World'' paid him to go to their hotel during a tour. Noel left for his room, later commenting "as far as I'm concerned, I haven't got a father. He's not a father to me, y'know? I don't respect him in any way whatsoever". Also in 1996, Oasis sold out two nights at Knebworth, playing to over 250,000 fans. Following the worldwide success of ''Morning Glory?'', ''Be Here Now'' (1997) became Oasis' most eagerly anticipated album to date. As with the previous two albums, all the tracks were written by Noel. After an initial blaze of publicity, positive critical reviews, and commercial success, the album failed to live up to long-term expectations, and public goodwill towards ''Be Here Now'' was short-lived. The album was ultimately regarded by many as a bloated, over-indulgent version of Oasis, which Gallagher has since blamed on the drug-addicted state and indifference of the band at the time.

Gallagher began to suffer drug-induced panic attacks during this period. His depressed, paranoid state inspired the song "Gas Panic!", subsequently included on the 2000 album ''Standing on the Shoulder of Giants''. Gallagher has claimed to have quit using illicit drugs on 5 June 1998. He stated in 2001, "I liked drugs, I was good at them. But I'd had panic attacks for about a year and I stopped because I wanted to. After you make the decision, it is quite easy." Between 1993 and 1998, he claims, "I can hardly remember a thing."

Post-Britpop years

After the hype surrounding the release of ''Be Here Now'' had started to wane, critical response to the band became calmer and more considered, leading to a media backlash. In 1997, Noel was criticised for attending a high-profile and well-publicised media party at 10 Downing Street, hosted by the newly-appointed Prime Minister, Tony Blair, along with other celebrities and industry figures who had supported New Labour in the run-up to the general election. Both brother Liam and Blur's Damon Albarn declined their invitations, with Albarn commenting "Enjoy the schmooze, comrade." The perception of Gallagher as someone now mixing with politicians—or, in particular, a famous photograph of him sipping champagne with Blair—conflicted with the "working class hero" status championed through songs such as "Up in the Sky".

In 1999, rhythm guitarist Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs quit the band, with bassist Paul McGuigan following soon afterwards. As a result, the fourth studio album, ''Standing on the Shoulder of Giants'', was recorded by just the Gallaghers and drummer Alan White, with Noel playing all guitar parts. Gallagher commented on Bonehead's departure, "It's hardly Paul McCartney leaving the Beatles, is it?". After the recording sessions were completed, Gallagher selected Gem Archer to join in place of Bonehead.

Later that year Alan McGee decided to leave Creation and sold the rest of his 51% stake in the label to Sony. Gallagher took this opportunity to set up Big Brother Recordings, which took over Oasis' distribution in the UK, but Sony imprint Epic Records continues to handle the band's international distribution. Around the time of the album's release, Andy Bell, formerly of Ride, joined the band as bassist. In 2001, Gallagher formed his own label, Sour Mash Records, which released records by the likes of Shack and Proud Mary. The incorporation of the label followed Gallagher's debut as a producer, working with Proud Mary on their debut, ''The Same Old Blues''.

In late 2006, Gallagher toured the UK, Europe, Japan, America and Australia in a series of acclaimed intimate semi-acoustic gigs accompanied by Gem Archer and Terry Kirkbride on percussion. The show proved successful and a further series of sets took place in 2007. March 2007 saw Gallagher perform in Moscow—the first time an Oasis member has performed in Russia. Yet Gallagher dismissed claims that he was planning to embark on a solo career. In early 2007, Gallagher joined the rest of Oasis to collect the "Outstanding Contribution to Music" Award at the Brit Awards 2007.

Noel, along with the band recorded their seventh studio album between 2007 and the next year in Abbey Road Studios and Los Angeles, and started at the end of the summer of 2008 a tour that will last at least 12 months.

In March 2009, ''The Times'' in conjunction with iTunes released a selection of live recordings by Noel Gallagher taken from his semi-acoustic performance at the Royal Albert Hall on 27 March 2007 in aid of Teenage Cancer Trust. ''The Dreams We Have as Children'' features classic and rare tracks from the Oasis canon along with several cover versions of some of Noel's favourite artists.

Departure from the band

On 28 August 2009 Noel quit Oasis after a fight with his brother, Liam Gallagher. A little before midnight on Friday he posted a statement on his message board called "Tales from the Middle of Nowhere" on the band's website announcing his departure.

Post-Oasis

Solo performances

Noel's first concerts without Oasis were announced on 1 February 2010 to be at London's Royal Albert Hall on 25 and 26 March 2010 for Teenage Cancer Trust . Noel was supported by The Courteeners and Plan B respectively. Terry Kirkbride and Gem Archer joined him on-stage, as did Jay Darlington, all of whom Gallagher had previously worked with while he was still a member of Oasis. He played a mostly acoustic set, and played a variety of Oasis album tracks and B-sides. It was almost the same set he played at the Royal Albert Hall in 2007. Noel also joined friend Paul Weller onstage in London on 21 April 2010, and played the Oasis song "Mucky Fingers" and a song he co wrote with Weller, "Echoes Round the Sun".

Returning to the studio

Noel confirmed that he would be returning to the studio in August 2010 to record drums for another unnamed artist. Paul Weller subsequently confirmed in an interview with Absolute Radio that he was the previously unnamed artist who would be using Noel's drumming services. He also denied rumours that he would be the Best Man for Russell Brand's marriage to Katy Perry. In August, it was mentioned on a UK Music blog, Sourmash Music, that Noel has been working with Liverpool's own The Sand Band. Lead singer David McDonnell has been co-writing with Noel and are looking to collaborate on future solo projects together.

On 24 November 2010, Miles Kane revealed that Noel sings on a track from his debut solo album entitled ''My Fantasy''. He also revealed that he will appear on Noel's forthcoming album, playing guitar.

On 10 February 2011, Noel stated he has "not even started" his first solo record, despite Liam rumouring that he 'swiped' material from the Dig Out Your Soul sessions. "I am not recording new stuff, not just yet," Noel said to Talksport. "It'll be out when it's finished I guess. Well I've not even started it, so I don't know."

Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds

On 6 July 2011, Noel held a press conference in London during which he announced that Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds will release a self-titled album on 17 October 2011, and the second being a collaboration album with Amorphous Androgynous would be released in 2012. He also announced that he would be going on tour, debuting in Dublin on 23 October 2011. The touring band for Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds includes David McDonnell (guitar), Russell Pritchard (bass), Mikey Rowe (keyboards) and Jeremy Stacey (drums). On 20 July 2011, Noel released a 47 second trailer of his first single "The Death of You and Me". The video for the debut single was released on 25 July at 8:21 am (GMT).

Personal life

Relationships

At the age of 18, Gallagher became engaged to his then-girlfriend Diane, but they never married and eventually separated. In 1988, he moved out of his family home to live with Louise Jones, whom he described as his "soulmate" and for whom he wrote "Slide Away". They had an on-again, off-again relationship before finally separating in June 1994, with Gallagher stating, "I don’t think I’ll ever get over it."

In June 1997, Gallagher married Meg Mathews in Las Vegas, Nevada. He'd met her in 1994 through her roommate, MTV presenter Rebecca de Ruvo, whom he was dating at the time and whom he left for Mathews. Mathews gave birth to a daughter, Anaïs Gallagher, on 27 January 2000. Gallagher and Mathews divorced in January 2001 on grounds of his adultery with Scottish publicist Sara MacDonald. After the divorce was finalised, Gallagher claimed he had only admitted to cheating in order to speed up the divorce process and that he had never actually been unfaithful.

Since his separation from Mathews, Gallagher has been in a relationship with MacDonald, whom he met at club Space on Ibiza in June 2000. He wrote "Waiting for the Rapture" about their meeting. They have two sons, Donovan Rory MacDonald Gallagher (born 22 September 2007) and Sonny Patrick MacDonald Gallagher (born 1 October 2010). Gallagher and MacDonald were married on 18 June 2011 in a private ceremony at the Lime Wood Hotel in the New Forest National Park.

Other

He was a frequent guest on The Russell Brand Show on BBC Radio 2, appearing on almost every show, leading Brand to dub him an unofficial "Co presenter". He is also a regular on the digital radio sports show, "TalkSPORT" Other notable friends of his are, Mani of Primal Scream, Richard Ashcroft of The Verve – for whom he dedicated a song, "Cast No Shadow", the band members of the Chemical Brothers, - Sex Pistols members John Lydon and Steve Jones the members of the rock band Kasabian, Andy Nicholson, boxer Ricky Hatton, Paul McCartney, Liverpool F.C footballer Jamie Carragher, Chris Martin, Jonny Buckland, Johnny Marr, Paul Weller, Ian Brown, Kelly Jones and Johnny Depp (who played slide guitar on the Oasis song Fade In-Out). He was also good friends with Kate Moss who used to stay with him when she was visiting London. In 2001 he was reported to have an estimated personal fortune of £25 million. In 2009 The Sunday Times Rich List estimated Noel and Liam's combined personal fortune at £52 million.

Gallagher is a fan of football, being a well-known supporter of Manchester City F.C. He is a friend of former City midfielder Joey Barton, as well as Celtic manager Neil Lennon and Italian striker Alessandro Del Piero, who described Gallagher as Italy's "lucky mascot" during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, and appears in the Oasis video "Lord Don't Slow Me Down". Gallagher was an official ambassador for England's bid to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Gallagher stated in a 2006 radio interview with Russell Brand that he does not believe in God or "an all-guiding force." Although Gallagher isn't very religious, throughout his career many of his songs mention God; (''Carry Us All'', ''Gas Panic!'', ''The Hindu Times'', ''Little by Little'', to name four) and all the tracks he had contributed to ''Dig Out Your Soul'', as well as the other band mates' songs, have lyrics and references to God and other biblical terms. The entire record has been described by Noel as a "religious Armageddon". But in recent interviews for ''Dig Out Your Soul'' regarding religion, Noel stated "See, I don't know what I am. If I was an atheist I'd just write songs about not believing in God – but I don't know what I am."

In 2008 it was announced that Gallagher would sell his home in Ibiza located near fellow musician James Blunt's, saying while in Los Angeles on the Russell Brand BBC Radio 2 show that he "Can't stand living there in the knowledge that Blunt is nearby making terrible music."

Songwriting and musicianship

Noel Gallagher was the primary songwriter in Oasis, and on the group's first few albums he was the sole songwriting contributor. Gallagher is often criticised for the praise he gives to his own songs. He points out "If you'd written 'Live Forever', you'd be walking to a different tune the next day too." Gallagher has often been accused by critics of plagiarising the music of his heroes, but he has maintained outright homages in his music are his intention. In a 1996 ''Guitar World'' interview, he described himself as "a fan who writes songs" and stated, "I'm not saying, 'I'm the greatest songwriter in the world. Listen to me.' Usually, I'm saying, '''These'' are the greatest songwriters in the world. And I'm gonna put them all in this song"'. His response to critics about the topic of "blatantly pinching riffs" was, "No, I don't feel guilty. But you feel pissed off because you didn't do it first."

Though naturally left-handed, Gallagher plays guitar right-handed, which he claims is the only thing he can do with his non-dominant hand. Noel has said he sometimes does not understand his own lyrics, commenting in 2005 that "when I'm halfway through 'Don't Look Back in Anger' I say to myself. 'I still don't know what these words mean!'"

Changing band dynamic

Gallagher's role as chief songwriter for Oasis changed over time as he allowed a greater level of lyrical input from the other band members. ''Standing on the Shoulder of Giants'' included Oasis' first ever album track written by Liam Gallagher. ''Heathen Chemistry'' included a further three tracks by Liam (including the single "Songbird"), one by Archer and one by Andy Bell. ''Don't Believe the Truth'' featured another three tracks by Liam (though one of them, "Love Like a Bomb" was co-written with Archer), one from Archer, and two from Bell. The latter two albums have been greeted with increasing critical and commercial success in the U.K., particularly ''Don't Believe the Truth''. Yet the second single from ''Don't Believe the Truth'', "The Importance of Being Idle" became the second Noel-sung Oasis track to top the UK charts and was named 2005's finest track by ''Q'' magazine, as well as being nominated for the ''NME'''s "Best Song of 2005" award. However, on the last Oasis albums, Noel's increasing role as lead singer, apparently to compensate for his diminished role as songwriter, caused some tension with Liam.

Zak Starkey, son of former Beatles drummer Ringo Starr and previous drummer for Gallagher's heroes The Who and Johnny Marr, replaced long-time drummer Alan White during the recording sessions for ''Don't Believe the Truth''. The loss of White prompted Gallagher to comment, in a 2005 interview, that he puts Oasis' trouble with drummers, in part, to the fact that he is himself a talented drummer, saying "I get a lot of stick for it, but I'm the best drummer in the group."

Controversy

Gallagher is well known for his controversial, outspoken statements in the press; he acknowledged his tendency for ''faux pas'' in the song "My Big Mouth" on the album ''Be Here Now''. Yet Gallagher has defended himself, saying "people think [I'm] controversial for the answers [I] give to silly questions in interviews, but ... I'm not thinking about insulting ... people; I say what I genuinely feel is in my heart. My conscience is clean, d'you know what I mean? Y'know, I'm true to myself—fuck everybody else." His opinions have earned him an "elder statesman" reputation, with ''NME'' dubbing him "The wisest man in rock".

Damon Albarn and Blur

The most infamous of Gallagher's controversial statements was in a 1995 interview with ''The Observer'', where he expressed a wish for Damon Albarn and Alex James of rivals Blur to "catch AIDS and die", a comment which he quickly apologised publicly for, and stated that "AIDS is no laughing matter." This statement was preceded by the success of ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?'', which led to a well-documented feud with fellow Britpop band Blur. The differing styles of the bands, coupled with their prominence within the Britpop movement, led the British media to seize upon the rivalry between the bands. Both factions played along, with the Gallaghers taunting Blur at the 1996 BRIT Awards by singing a rendition of "Parklife" when they collected their "Best British Band" award (with Liam changing the lyrics to "Shite-life").

Gallagher maintains that the rivalry was conceived by the magazine ''NME'' and members of Blur's entourage as a ploy to raise their respective profiles, and that since this point he has had no respect for either party. However, Albarn has suggested the roots of the feud were much more personal. By 2007, the tension between the two had cooled, and in an ''NME'' interview, Gallagher said "I've got a lot of respect for Damon, I really do mean it. Because I'm indifferent to Damon he thinks that I think he's a cunt. Our Liam will talk to him, I won't because he's just another singer in a band to me, but I don't think he's a cunt. Good luck to him!"

Liam Gallagher

The Gallagher brothers famously share a turbulent relationship; one of their arguments was even released on a 1995 bootleg single entitled ''Wibbling Rivalry''. Although in recent years their relationship had stabilised, during the band's early career there were a handful of incidents where the two have actually come to blows. In an L.A. show during their first American tour in 1994, Liam took to changing the words of the songs so that they were offensive to both Americans and Noel. A confrontation after the show which led to a chair being thrown and a brawl caused Noel to leave the tour and head for Las Vegas; Noel later claimed he had "visions of ''Fear and Loathing'' flashing in [his] eyes". During recording sessions for the second Oasis album, ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?'', the brothers had a violent fight involving a cricket bat, when Liam invited everyone from a local pub back into the studio while Noel was trying to work. Noel took hold of the bat and whacked Liam over the head with it. The fight ended with Noel breaking Liam's foot. In 1996, Noel provided lead vocals at a performance for ''MTV Unplugged'' when Liam backed out minutes before the set was due to start. Liam claimed to have been struck down with a "sore throat"; the band later found out that Liam did not like performing acoustically. Noel was further angered when Liam proceeded to heckle him from the balcony and nurse his "sore throat" with beer and cigarettes while the band performed. Just before the band were about to board a plane to the United States for their crucial make-or-break US tour, Liam left the airport, claiming he had to find a house for his then-wife Patsy Kensit. He later joined the band for their last few gigs and the infamous MTV Awards performance; the remaining dates were scrapped. The band's future was tabloid daily news.

While on tour in Barcelona in 2000, Oasis were forced to cancel a gig when Alan White's arm seized up, and the band spent the night drinking instead. Liam made a derogatory comment about Noel's then-wife Meg Mathews, and attempted to cast doubt over the legitimacy of Noel's daughter Anais, causing a scuffle. Following this, Noel declared he was quitting overseas touring, but returned for an Oasis gig in Dublin on 8 July 2000. During the performance, the two brothers shook hands at the end of "Acquiesce".

However, the relationship between the two brothers had become strained throughout 2009, leading eventually to a last minute cancellation of an Oasis concert scheduled to take place on 28 August 2009 in Paris, due to an "altercation within the group." Later that evening, Noel confirmed he had left Oasis as he "simply could not go on working with Liam a day longer." Through the Oasis website, Noel said "It's with some sadness and great relief to tell you that I quit Oasis tonight". On 29 August, Noel expanded further on his blog, stating "the level of verbal and violent intimidation towards me, my family, friends and comrades has become intolerable. And the lack of support and understanding from my management and band mates has left me with no other option than to get me cape and seek pastures new."

Glastonbury

Noel Gallagher blasted the organizers of the 2008 Glastonbury Festival for scheduling Jay-Z as a headliner for the traditionally guitar-driven festival:

"If it ain't broke don't fix it. If you start to break it then people aren't going to go. I'm sorry, but Jay-Z? No chance. Glastonbury has a tradition of guitar music and even when they throw the odd curve ball in on a Sunday night you go 'Kylie Minogue?' I don't know about it. But I'm not having hip-hop at Glastonbury. It's wrong."'''

Emily Eavis, the organiser of England's famed Glastonbury music festival, said she was honoured U.S. hip-hop artist Jay-Z was headlining the event saying: "He is absolutely the right act for our festival," she said. "There is no reason why we should not have the greatest living hip-hop artist on at Glastonbury." Eavis also cited that Jay-Z was far from the first hip-hop artist to appear at Glastonbury. The Roots, Cypress Hill, and De La Soul had all previously performed at the Glastonbury Festival.

Jay-Z responded to this controversy saying the following:

"We don't play guitars, Noel, but hip-hop has put in its work like any other form of music. This headline show is just a natural progression. Rap music is still evolving. From Afrika Bambaataa DJ-ing in the Bronx and Run DMC going platinum, to Jazzy Jeff And The Fresh Prince winning the first rap Grammy, I'm just next in the line. We have to respect each other's genre of music and move forward."

Jay-Z opened his set at Glastonbury 2008 with a cover of Oasis' song "Wonderwall". When Gallagher was asked about the incident he replied "The way it's played itself out is that I said Jay-Z had no right to play Glastonbury, which is a crock of horseshit. I got off a plane and someone asked me about the fact that Glastonbury hadn't sold out for the first time in years, and if it was because of Jay-Z. From there it grew into this crap that I was standing on an orange crate at Speakers' Corner saying, 'Gather round, brothers and sisters. Have you heard what's happening at Glastonbury this year?' I have a certain turn of phrase. So if I say, "Chicken sandwiches in McDonald's are just plain fucking wrong," it doesn't mean I'm attacking all chickens or all sandwiches. I've hung out with Jay-Z in Tokyo. I've seen his show. It's not my bag, but it's all right. We have a mutual friend in Chris Martin. So I am a guy who doesn't like hip-hop—shock, horror. I don't dislike rappers or hip-hop or people who like it. I went to the Def Jam tour in Manchester in the '80s when rap was inspirational. Public Enemy were awesome. But it's all about status and bling now, and it doesn't say anything to me." When Jay Z was asked about Gallagher's comments he said "I haven't spoken to him [Gallagher], I heard he was reaching out. I don't bear any grudge, it's all good. I just believe in good music and bad music, I've always said that. You look at any interview from the beginning of time, I've always stated that I don't believe in the lines and classifications that people put music in so they can easily define it". When asked who he would be interested in collaborating with in the future, the rapper said, "Anyone. Oasis as well – it doesn't matter to me."

Politics

Noel has spoken out about his political views on several occasions, most notably when he visited Tony Blair at No. 10 Downing Street in 1997. In an interview in 1997 when he was asked about why he visited Blair he replied, "I've taken a lot of flack for going to No. 10 Downing Street but the thing about that is, I never considered myself a rebel anyway. I wasn't going there representing the 'Indie community'. I wasn't representing anyone. I was going there for me. You have to understand that from when I went to school and from when I was born all we ever knew was conservative, Tory, right-wing government. What people don't mention is, they say 'He went to meet Tony Blair.' No. I went to meet the LABOUR prime minister. Our parents always drummed into us that the Labour Party was for the people and the Tory Party was not. I went to meet the Labour prime minister. Full stop."

In an interview in 2007 when asked about politics he said, "I'd been unemployed all my life. It was a big deal for me when he [Tony Blair] got in. Now David Cameron is no different than our Tony Blair and Gordon Brown is no different than our David Cameron. They're all cut from the same cloth and it annoys me that the biggest political icon in the last 30 years has been Margaret Thatcher, and she's a dick. Someone who tried to destroy the working class. It freaks me out. So I don't really think there's anything left to vote for. I believe that I, as a person, can only change things once every 5 years and that's by voting, and my point is that even casting that vote means that the same guy gets in, the only difference is one has a red tie and the other has a blue one. That's all it means, so I think that I should start the Gallagher Party."

He was open in his support for Barack Obama's successful bid for U.S. President, calling his acceptance speech to the 2008 Democratic National Convention "spellbinding."

In 1997 he played a 5 song set at the Tibetan Freedom Concert in NYC. As a result Oasis have been deemed "unsuitable" by the Chinese government, forcing a planned tour of the country in 2009 to be cancelled.

He has also been very vocal about knife crime. He said to one journalist, "It all goes back to the Thatcher Years. I know it's a cliché to say it but that's where the rot set in. If you go up north to any city there are rows and rows and rows of derelict houses. They can't even afford to knock them down and build something new, and that's where it all starts, if kids haven't got anything what are they supposed to do?"

When the interviewer suggested it was for status he replied, "In my day status was about trying to be somebody, not trying to kill somebody, so how's that all changed?"

Speaking out about the August 2011 riots that took place in England, Gallagher claimed that violent video games and television shows which children were being exposed to were partially to blame for social problems.

Musical equipment

Throughout his career Gallagher has used a wide range of different guitars, effect pedals and amplifers from his large collection.

Guitars

;Electric guitars

Epiphone Supernova – Gallagher's signature model combines features from Noel's most frequently used guitars over the years, including various Gibson and Epiphone semi acoustics. The most notable reference is the union jack paintjob, which echoes his custom-painted Epiphone Sheraton that he used at Maine Road in 1996. The model originally put out on the market for sale differs from the actual guitar that Gallagher uses. The line of guitars feature humbuckers and a stop-bar tailpiece, whereas Gallagher's actual guitar features mini-humbuckers and a frequensator tailpiece.

Epiphone Riviera – Gallagher has several in different finishes. A wine red model was Noel's main guitar for (What's The Story) Morning Glory tour and seen in the promotional videos for "Don't Look Back in Anger", "Roll with It", "Morning Glory" and "Champagne Supernova".

Epiphone Sheraton – Gallager owns several, one of which with the Union Jack graphics. Noel also used Sunburst and Wine Red models on the Be Here Now tour- one sunburst model even gained a Manchester City F.C. sticker on the pickguard. This guitar was used a lot during 1997–98.

Fender Telecaster – Gallagher uses several including one with pink paisley graphics. A white telecaster was given to Noel by Johnny Depp as a birthday present.

Rickenbacker 330 – Gallagher owns several including one previously owned by Paul Weller. Weller famously used this guitar when he performed Town Called Malice with his former band The Jam on Top of the Pops in 1982. It was given to Noel as a 30th Birthday Present by Weller.

Epiphone Les Paul – This was Gallagher's main guitar in Oasis' early days as seen in the UK promotional video for Supersonic.

Gibson Les Paul – Gallagher has owned several. This and the Gibson ES-355 (see below) are his main guitars for gigs. He owns a black Les Paul given to him by Johnny Marr.

Gibson Silver Florentine – Semi-hollow version of the Les Paul Custom. Noel's main guitar on part of the Be Here Now Tour (along with the Epiphone Sheraton). This guitar is no longer in his possession and was recently sold on eBay.

Gibson Firebird Non-Reverse – One of which is fitted with Bill Puplett Custom pick-ups. Used in numerous recordings including 'Morning Glory' and used on 'Top Of The Pops' for a performance of 'Rock n' Roll Star'. It's also seen in the 'Live Forever' US promotional video. This guitar was recently sold on Rockstars Guitars. Another Non-Reverse firebird with 3 stock pick-ups featured in the 'Cigarettes and Alcohol' promotional video.

Gibson ES-355 – Since 2002 this model has been Gallagher's main guitar for the majority of live performances.

Fender Jaguar – Noel is pictured using a blue Fender Jaguar in the promotional shots for the album Be Here Now. However there is no evidence that he used this guitar in the studio or live.

Gibson ES-345- Used in the studio and as a backup guitar on recent tours.

Epiphone Casino – Used by Noel on the Be Here Now Tour and in the studio. Seen in the Promotional video for Sunday Morning Call. Noel also used a casino with a natural finish (presumably a nod to John Lennon's famous 'stripped' casino), during the recording of Dig Out Your Soul. Noel can be seen using this guitar in the 'Gold and Silver and Sunshine' film from the Dig out your soul DVD.

Gibson Trini Lopez As seen in the promotional videos of The Hindu Times and Lyla, also used at Oasis's Glastonbury 2004 performance

Gibson Flying V Used for a short time around 1997–98, can be seen in the promotional video for D'You Know What I Mean?

Gibson ES-335 Used on the Track ''The Girl In The Dirty Shirt'' and various other studio recordings.

Gibson SG Gallagher isn't often seen with one, however he played a cherry red SG with a maestro tremolo at the Fuji Rock Festivalin 2009.

;Acoustic guitars Gallagher has two different Gibson J-200 standards that he plays as his main stage acoustics. One, used during live performances, has an Adidas sticker just above the neck joint and classic Gibson 'crown'-type fret markers. This guitar has a retrofitted soundhole single-coil pick-up. Gallagher's second SJ-200 is slightly different; rather than the 'crown' fret markers, it has "M"-shaped inlays. The second instrument has a similar pick-up to the first, but is different in that it has a brown, rounded pickguard- rather than the J-200's usual floral, unusually shaped one. Perhaps most notably, this guitar was used for portions of Gallagher's solo tour, which culminated in a recorded concert in Paris on 28 November 2006. Gallagher also owns a wide array of vintage Gibson and Martin guitars. On "Dig Out Your Soul," for instance, he played a 1970 Martin D-28. Other acoustics known to have been employed either in the studio or on-stage are a Takamine EF-325SRC, a Takamine FD −460SC, Takamine EG 335 12-string and a Takamine NV360S.:

In the beginning of Oasis, before Gallagher had his Gibson SJ-200s, he extensively played an Epiphone EJ-200, which can be seen in both the Wonderwall video and the live performance of "Talk Tonight" with Paul Weller. It's also the guitar he holds on the cover of Definitely Maybe and is seen on the cover of the Cigarettes and Alcohol single.

Effect pedals

In the early days of Oasis, Gallagher's effect setup was quite limited: he used a Boss delay pedal and a Roland Space Echo. By 2002, in contrast, his pedal board had ballooned to include a large array of stomp boxes as well as a large MIDI controller. Following is a list of all the guitar effects known to have been used from 1994 to 2009:

Ibanez Tube Screamer TS9

Pete Cornish SS-2 Fuzz

THD Hot Plate Power Attenuator

Roland Space Echo

Maxon AD-80

Boss DD-3 Digital Delay

Boss DD-5 Digital Delay

Boss DD-6 Digital Delay (Analog Man modified)

Boss PH-3 Phase Shifter

Boss CS-3 Compression Sustainer

Boss AB-2 2-Way Selector

Boss TU-2 Chromatic Tuner

Line 6 DL4 Delay Modeler

Hughes & Kettner Tube Rotosphere

Boss AC-2 and AC-3 Acoustic Simulator

Way Huge Aqua-Puss

Dunlop Cry Baby

Various Vox Wah pedals

Boss RV-3 and RV-5 Digital Reverb

Boss PN-2 Tremolo/Pan

SIB Echodrive

Boss LS-2 Line Selector

Analog Man King of Tone

Danelectro Dan-Echo

Boss HR-2 Harmonist

Boss SD-2 DUAL OverDrive

Crowther HotCake

DigiTech Whammy

Z.Vex Lo-Fi Loop Junky

Boss SL-20 Slicer [At the very end of the left side of his pedal board]

Amplification

Gallagher is well known for his changing amplification preferences. During the band's early days and the recording of its seminal album ''Definitely Maybe'', Gallagher utilised a Marshall Valvestate 8080 solid-state combo run through an overdriven Vox AC30. When the band first appeared on television, the Vox had been replaced with a WEM Dominator 25-watt tube combo, special gold edition. By the time Oasis toured behind the album, however, the recording setup had been abandoned in favour of a 100-watt Marshall "NBs-On" JCM900 head and one or two matching 4x12 cabinets. Following the release of ''(What's the Story) Morning Glory?'', Gallagher appeared with various amplifiers. Some sources indicate that he used a pair of Orange Overdrive 120 heads with four matching 4x12 cabinets, but photographs from this period clearly show him playing through a JCM900 stack, in this tour, in 1995–1996 he uses also two Laney combo: lc30 and lc50 as we can see in the DVD "...There and Then".

From 2000 onwards, however, Gallagher's setup has remained more or less intact in that it has revolved around the entrance of the 15-watt Fender Blues Junior. At one point he ran a pair of Blues Juniors into Marshall 4x12 cabinets loaded with Celestion G-12s. Other amps to have made appearances in his rig during this period are the Clark Beaufort Combo and the Clark Tyger Combo. Also present in his quite substantial rig were a vintage Vox AC50 head, and an unidentified Orange head which could very well be another Overdrive 120. During the "Don't Believe The Truth" tour he used a Fender Bassman head and matching cabinet with the two 4x12 Marshall cabs driven by a Blues Junior and the Vox AC50 Head. By 2008, Gallagher's rig had evolved again: a single Blues Junior coupled with three 2x12 Vertical Custom Hiwatt 100 combos. At the iTunes Festival at Camden Roundhouse, the rig had changed again; Gallagher had replaced one of the 2x12 Hiwatt combos with a Hiwatt amplifier head and matching 2x12 cabinet.

Discography

1994: ''Definitely Maybe''

1995: ''(What's The Story) Morning Glory?''

1997: ''Be Here Now''

1998: ''The Masterplan'' (Compilation of B-sides)

2000: ''Standing On The Shoulder Of Giants''

2000: ''Familiar To Millions'' (Live album recorded at Wembley Stadium)

2002: ''Heathen Chemistry''

2005: ''Don't Believe The Truth''

2008: ''Dig Out Your Soul''

Albums

2009: ''The Dreams We Have as Children - Live at the Royal Albert Hall''

2011: ''Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds''

2012: TBA (collaboration with Amorphous Androgynous)

Also featured on:-

1995: Stanley Road by Paul Weller, acoustic guitar on "I Walk on Gilded Splinters"

1997: Dig Your Own Hole by The Chemical Brothers, vocals on "Setting Sun"

1998: Saturnzreturn by Goldie, guitar on "Temper Temper"

1998: The X-Files: The Album, the track "Teotihuacan"

1999: Surrender by The Chemical Brothers, vocals on "Let Forever Be"

2000: Tailgunner by Tailgunner, drums

2000: The Same Old Blues by Proud Mary, production, plus additional vocals, guitars, bass and percussion

2002: Illumination by Paul Weller, drums, percussion & bass on "One X One"

2003 (Recorded in 2000): Live at the Royal Albert Hall by The Who, guitar, backing vocals on "Won't Get Fooled Again"

2004: Solarized by Ian Brown: collaboration on the song "Keep What Ya Got".

2004: All Years Leaving by The Stands, guitar on "Some Weekend Night"

2008: 22 Dreams by Paul Weller, bass, piano, mellotron and wurlitzer on "Echoes Round The Sun"

2011: Colour of the Trap by Miles Kane, backing vocals on "My Fantasy"

Charted songs

! Year	! Title	!style="width:3.5em;font-size:75%;"	!style="width:3.5em;font-size:75%;"	!style="width:3.5em;font-size:75%;"	! Album
1997	"Setting Sun"			style="text-align:center;"
1998	"Temper Temper"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
1999	"Let Forever Be"		style="text-align:center;"
	style="text-align:center;"
2004	"Keep What Ya Got"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
	"Don't Look Back in Anger"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"
"Talk Tonight"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
"Cast No Shadow"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
"(It's Good) To Be Free"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"
2011	"The Death of You and Me"		style="text-align:center;"
style="text-align:center;"

Other

2011, ''Well... All Right!'' (compilation album compiled by Gallagher. Released covermount into Mojo (magazine).

References

Further reading

Gallagher, Paul; Christian, Terry. ''Brothers, From Childhood to Oasis'' (Virgin Books)

Harris, John. ''Britpop!: Cool Britannia and the Spectacular Demise of English Rock''. Da Capo Press, 2004. ISBN 0-306-81367-X

Hewitt, Paolo. ''Getting High: The Adventures of Oasis'' (Boxtree Press)

Mathur, Paul. ''Take Me There: The Story Of Oasis'' (Bloomsbury Publishing PLC)

Middles, Mick. ''Oasis: Round Their Way'' (Independent Music Press)

Moody, P. ''Oasis: Lost Inside'' (UFO Music Ltd)

Robertson, I. ''Oasis: What's The Story?'' (Blake Books)

Wheeler, J. ''Oasis: How Does It Feel?'' (UFO Books Ltd)

Williams, J. & Cook J. ''Oasis member attacked on stage'' (Canoe.ca)

External links

The Official Noel Gallagher Website

Noel Gallagher on Facebook

Noel Gallagher on Twitter

Noel Gallagher on YouTube

Noel Gallagher on SoundCLoud

Noel Gallagher on MySpace

Category:1967 births Category:English male singers Category:English people of Irish descent Category:English rock guitarists Category:English singer-songwriters Category:Lead guitarists Category:Living people Category:Musicians from Manchester Category:Oasis (band) members Category:People from Burnage Category:People self-identifying as substance abusers Category:Road crew

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