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Ghotis (Bengali: ঘটি), also called Paschimbangiyas (Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গীয়) or Edeshis (Bengali: এদেশী), are a social group native to West Bengal (Paschimbanga), India. Their dialects, folk traditions (Lokachar) and cuisine are distinct from those of the Purbabangiyas or the natives of erstwhile eastern Bengal.

The term came into greater use after many people from Bangladesh (then East Bengal and later East Pakistan) migrated to West Bengal during and after the Partition of Bengal in 1947. Initially there was a cultural and sociological clash between the native population and the refugees.

Ghotis are frequently distinguished by their Bangla accent and use of certain local dialects and figures of speech that Bangals in general would not use. Also, certain sweets, like Sponge Rosogolla, Ledikeni, Lengcha, Mihidana, Rasakadamba, Rajbhog, Gopalbhog are known to originate in Western Bengal.

Amongst the Bengali Hindus of India, "Bangal" and "Ghoti" are used as social sub-groups indicating the ancestral origin of a family. Those whose families came from East Bengal are Bangals and those whose families originated in West Bengal are Ghotis. The term 'Bangal' as used here has little relation to actual geography, since most members of these groups all now live in India. The term is used freely and not considered derogatory within this social class.

There are many a differences found in the cultural events, food or sports where the Bangals love Ilish and the Ghoti love Ching-ri (Prawns), the Bangals celebrate Lakshmi puja in the fifth day after Durja Puja and the Ghoti perform Lakshmi puja (mostly in home only) on the Kali Puja day.

Etymology[link]

The exact origin of the word Ghoti is unknown. It is presumed that the word was derived from Bandyaghoti. The Bandyaghotis were a section of Rarhi Brahmins who migrated from Bardhaman to eastern Bengal, where they were referred as Ghotis. Gradually, the people of western Bengal became collectively known as Ghotis. Another presumption is that the Bandyaghotis brought the sacred ghat with them along with their Shaligram to the eastern Bengal. For this reason they were known as Ghotis or the people who bring ghat.^[1]

Geographical distribution[link]

However, there is a subtle difference between the terms "Ghoti" and "Edeshi"(of this country). "Ghoti" is specifically used to refer to people living in Districts like Hooghly, Howrah, Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur, Burdwan, Bankura, Birbhum, etc. i.e. South Bengal west of the Hugli river. The native people of districts like North 24 Parganas, Nadia, Murshidabad, Maldah, Uttar Dinajpur,etc. i.e. east of the Hugli river but within West Bengal, can be referred to as "Edeshi" as they are not of refugee bangal background and are native to West Bengal, yet the culture and language of these regions is more similar to that of Eastern Bengal.

Surnames[link]

Though most common surnames among Bengali Hindus are common to both Bangals and Ghotis, like Ray, Ghosh, Bosu, Chokroborty, Mukherji, Benarji/Bondopaddhay, Chatterjee/Chottopaddhay, Ganguly/Gonggopaddhay, Kar, Biswas, Shil, Sen, Saha, Sirkar/Sarkar, Das, Mondol, Saha, Majumdar, Dutto/Dutta, Talukder, Lahiri, Mitra/Mitter, Moitro/Maitra etc.

Some surnames are specific only to Ghotis and Edeshis, like Adak, Adhikary, Bagui, Bhaduri, Daffadar, Dandapat, Dey, Dolui, Gorai, Guin, Hazra, Hela, Jana, Karak, Karmakar, Kundu, Laha, Lahiri(y), Mahapatra, Maity, Middye, Modak, Nag, Nandi, Naskar, Nayak, Neogi, Paik, Pain, Pal, Panja, Patra, Sadhukhan, Samanta, Sardar, Sapui, Sasmal, She-al, Sinha, Tarafder, Topdar etc.

Similarly some surnames are particular to Bangals, like Bhuinya, Bhattacharjee(Bhottacharjo), Deb, Deb-nath, Deb-rai, Malakar, Nath, Guha, Guha-Thakurta, Gupto, Dasgupta, Sengupta, Shorma, Sil, Shil, Sheel, Shilsharma,Dash-Shorma, Deb-Shorma, Dash-Munshi, Munshi, Dewanji, Munshiji, Kannungo/Qannungoh, Mahalanobis, Kundu, Purakayastha/Purkait, Abdullah, etc.

Also, when two surnames are fused into one like RoyChoudhury, Sengupta, Duttagupta (not when a married woman combines her maiden and married surname), usually such surnames belong to only "Bangals".

Mohun Bagan vs East Bengal[link]

Traditionally Bengali people like football and most of the Ghotis are supporters of Mohun Bagan AC whereas the Bangals are traditionally supporters of East Bengal Club. Though there are several exceptions but in general both these communities share an immense rivalry between them regarding Mohun Bagan - East Bengal football match. They also cherish a rivalry through claim of supremacy of their respective cuisines and especially river-food delicacies, i. e., Chingri (prawn) for Ghotis and Ilish (hilsa) for Bangals.

See also[link]

Partition of India
Partition of Bengal (1947)

Notes[link]

This article relies on references to primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject, rather than references from independent authors and third-party publications. Please add citations from reliable sources. (September 2010)

Limbonic Art is a symphonic black metal band from Sandefjord, Norway.

Biography[link]

Limbonic Art formed in 1993. In 1996, they were signed to the record label Nocturnal Art Productions, owned by Samoth (of Emperor and Zyklon). Their debut album was Moon in the Scorpio. In 2003, the group decided to disband with a statement saying "we feel that we have reached as far as we could in our collaboration ... the circle is complete, begin another".

On June 6, 2006 (06.06.06), the band reunited and started to write new material. On February 21, 2007 it was announced that the band plans to release the new album entitled Legacy of Evil in summer 2007.^{[citation needed]}

A subsequent dispute between the band members resulted in Morfeus's ousted from the band, making Limbonic Art essentially Daemon's solo project. He has currently completed the new Limbonic Art release, named Phantasmagoria, out summer 2010. The new music strips the symphonics and keyboards, making it a more raw, pure black metal band.^{[citation needed]}

Discography[link]

Studio releases[link]

• Moon in the Scorpio (1996)
• In Abhorrence Dementia (1997)
• Epitome of Illusions (demo compilation) (1998)
• Ad Noctum - Dynasty of Death (1999)
• The Ultimate Death Worship (2002)
• Legacy of Evil (2007)
• Phantasmagoria (2010)

Band members[link]

Current members[link]

• Vidar Jensen (Daemon) - vocals, guitars, bass, keyboards, drum programming, electronics - (1993–2003, 2006–present)

Past members[link]

• Krister Dreyer (Morfeus) - lead guitar, vocals (on early albums), keyboards, drum programming, electronics, samples (1993–2003, 2006–2010)

Guest members[link]

• Per Eriksen - gong on Ad Noctum - Dynasty of Death
• Anne Aasebø (Morgana) - vocals on The Moon in the Scorpio and In Abhorrence Dementia
• Lisbeth Fagerheim - vocals on In Abhorrence Dementia
• Attila Csihar - backing vocals on The Ultimate Death Worship

References[link]

External links[link]

• Limbonic Art on Myspace

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