names	John Williams
background	non_performing_personnel
birth name	John Towner Williams
born	February 08, 1932
origin	Flushing, Queens, New York, U.S.
occupation	Composer, pianist, conductor
years active	1952–present
spouse	Barbara Ruick (1956–74) (deceased)Samantha Winslow (1980–present) }}

John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist. In a career spanning almost six decades, he has composed some of the most recognizable film scores in the history of motion pictures, including the ''Star Wars'' saga, ''Jaws,'' ''Superman,'' the ''Indiana Jones'' films, ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial,'' ''Hook,'' ''Jurassic Park,'' ''Schindler's List,'' ''Home Alone'' and the first three ''Harry Potter'' films. He has had a long association with director Steven Spielberg, composing the music for all but two of Spielberg's feature films.

Other notable works by Williams include theme music for four Olympic Games, the ''NBC Nightly News,'' the rededication of the Statue of Liberty, the DreamWorks Pictures production logo, and the television series ''Lost in Space.'' Williams has also composed numerous classical concerti, and he served as the principal conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra from 1980 to 1993; he is now the orchestra's conductor laureate.

Williams has won five Academy Awards, four Golden Globe Awards, seven BAFTA Awards, and 21 Grammy Awards. With 45 Academy Award nominations, Williams is, together with composer Alfred Newman, the second most nominated person, after Walt Disney. John Williams was honored with the prestigious Richard Kirk award at the 1999 BMI Film and TV Awards. The award is given annually to a composer who has made significant contributions to film and television music. Williams was inducted into the Hollywood Bowl Hall of Fame in 2000, and was a recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors in 2004.

Early life and family

John Williams was born on February 8, 1932, in Flushing (Queens), New York, the son of Esther and John Williams, Sr. His father was a jazz percussionist who played with the Raymond Scott Quintet.

In 1948, the Williams family moved to Los Angeles where John attended North Hollywood High School graduating in 1950. He later attended the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and studied privately with the Italian composer Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco. In 1952, Williams was drafted into the U.S. Air Force, where he conducted and arranged music for the Air Force Band as part of his assignments.

After his Air Force service ended in 1955, Williams moved to New York City and entered the Juilliard School, where he studied piano with Rosina Lhévinne. During this time, Williams worked as a jazz pianist in New York's many clubs and eventually studios, most notably for composer Henry Mancini. His fellow session musicians included Rolly Bundock on bass, Jack Sperling on drums, and Bob Bain on guitar—the same lineup featured on the ''Mr. Lucky'' television series. Williams was known as "Little Johnny Love" Williams during the early 1960s, and he served as music arranger and bandleader for a series of popular music albums with the singer Frankie Laine.

Williams was married to actress Barbara Ruick from 1956 until her death on March 3, 1974. The Williamses had three children: Jennifer (born 1956), Mark (born 1958), and Joseph (born 1960). Williams' younger son is one of the various lead singers the band Toto has had over the decades. John Williams married his second wife, Samantha Winslow, on July 21, 1980.

John Williams is an honorary member of Kappa Kappa Psi, the national fraternity for college band members.

Film and television scoring

While skilled in a variety of twentieth-century compositional idioms, Williams's most familiar style may be described as a form of neoromanticism, inspired by the same large-scale orchestral music of the late 19th century—especially the compositions of Richard Wagner and its concept of leitmotif—that inspired his film music predecessors.

After his studies at Juilliard, Williams returned to Los Angeles, where he began working as an orchestrator at film studios. Among other composers, Williams worked with Franz Waxman, Bernard Herrmann, and Alfred Newman, and also with his fellow orchestrators Conrad Salinger and Bob Franklyn. Williams was also a studio pianist, performing on film scores by composers such as Jerry Goldsmith, Elmer Bernstein, and Henry Mancini. Williams recorded with Henry Mancini on the film scores of ''Peter Gunn'' (1959), ''Days of Wine and Roses'' (1962), and ''Charade'' (1963). (Williams actually played the well-recognized opening riff to Mancini's ''Peter Gunn'' theme.) Williams (often credited as "Johnny Williams") also composed the theme music for various TV programs in the 1960s: The pilot episode of ''Gilligan's Island,'' the ''Kraft Suspense Theatre'', ''Lost in Space'' (1965–68), ''The Time Tunnel'' (1966–67), and ''Land of the Giants'' (the last three created by the prolific TV producer, Irwin Allen).

Working at Universal Studios, Williams shared music credit on a number of films, the most notable being ''The Creature from the Black Lagoon'' in 1954. Williams's first major film composition was for the B movie ''Daddy-O'' in 1958, and his first screen credit came two years later in ''Because They're Young.'' He soon gained notice in Hollywood for his versatility in composing jazz, piano, and symphonic music. Williams received his first nomination for an Academy Award for his film score for ''Valley of the Dolls'' (1967), and then was nominated again for his score for ''Goodbye, Mr. Chips'' (1969). Williams broke through to win his first Academy Award for his adapted score for the film ''Fiddler on the Roof'' (1971). In 1972 he composed the score for the Robert Altman psychological thriller ''Images'' (recorded in collaboration with noted percussionist Stomu Yamashta) which earned him another nomination in the category 'Best Music, Original Dramatic Score' at the 1973 Academy Awards. During the early 1970s, Williams' prominence grew thanks to his work for now–film producer Irwin Allen's disaster films, composing the scores for ''The Poseidon Adventure'' (1972) and ''The Towering Inferno'' (1974). In addition, he scored Universal's ''Earthquake'' (1974) for director Mark Robson, completing a "trinity" of scores for the highest grossing "disaster films" of the decade. He also wrote a very memorable score to ''The Cowboys'' (1972), a western starring John Wayne and directed by Mark Rydell.

In 1974, Williams was approached by director Steven Spielberg to compose the music for his feature directorial debut, ''The Sugarland Express.'' The young director had been impressed with Williams's score for the movie ''The Reivers'' (1969), and Spielberg was convinced that Williams could compose the musical sound that he desired for any of his films. They teamed up again a year later for Spielberg's second film, ''Jaws.'' Widely considered to be a classic suspense film, its film score's ominous two-note motif has become synonymous with sharks and approaching danger. The score for ''Jaws'' earned Williams his second Academy Award, his first one for an original composition.

Shortly thereafter, Williams and Spielberg began a long collaboration for their next feature film together, ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' (''CE3K,'' 1977). In an unusual step for a Hollywood film, Spielberg and Williams developed their script and musical concepts simultaneously, as in the film these entwine very closely together. During their two-year-long collaboration, they crafted its distinctive five-note figure that functions both in the background music and as the communications signal of the film's extraterrestrials. Williams also used a system of musical hand signals in ''CE3K'' that were based on hand signs created by John Curwen and refined by Zoltan Kodaly.

During the same period, Spielberg recommended Williams to his friend and fellow director George Lucas, who needed a composer to score his ambitious space epic, ''Star Wars'' (1977). Williams delivered a grand symphonic score in the fashion of Richard Strauss and Golden Age Hollywood composers Max Steiner and Erich Wolfgang Korngold. Its main theme, "Luke's Theme" is among the most widely recognized in motion picture history, and the "Force Theme" and "Princess Leia's Theme" are well-known examples of leitmotif. Both the film and its soundtrack were immensely successful—it remains the highest grossing non-popular music recording of all-time—and Williams won another Academy Award for Best Original Score. In 1980, Williams returned to score ''The Empire Strikes Back'', where he introduced "The Imperial March" as the theme for Darth Vader and the Galactic Empire. The original ''Star Wars'' trilogy concluded with the 1983 film ''Return of the Jedi'', for which Williams's score provided most notably the "Emperor's Theme", "Parade of the Ewoks", and "Luke and Leia". Both scores earned Williams Academy Award nominations.

Williams worked with director Richard Donner to score the 1978 film ''Superman''. The score's heroic and romantic themes, particularly the main march, the Superman fanfare and the love theme, known as "Can You Read My Mind", would appear in the four sequel films. For the 1981 film ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', created and directed by Lucas and Spielberg, Williams wrote a rousing main theme known as "The Raiders March" to accompany the film's hero, Indiana Jones. He also composed separate themes to represent the Ark of the Covenant, the character Marion, and the Nazi villains of the story. Additional themes were featured in his scores to the sequel films ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' (1984), ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' (1989), and ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' (2008). Williams composed an emotional and sensitive score to Spielberg's 1982 fantasy film ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial''. The music conveys the film's benign, childlike sense of innocence, particularly with a spirited theme for the freedom of flight, and a soft string-based, harp-featured theme for the friendship between characters E.T. and Elliott. The film's final chase and farewell sequence marks a rare instance in film history in which the on-screen action was re-edited to conform to the composer's musical interpretation. Williams was awarded a fourth Academy Award for this score.

The 1985 film ''The Color Purple'' is the only theatrical feature directed by Steven Spielberg for which John Williams did not serve as composer. The film's producer, Quincy Jones, wanted to personally arrange and compose the music for the project. Williams also did not score ''Twilight Zone: The Movie,'' but Spielberg had directed only one of the four segments in that film; the lead director and producer of the film, John Landis, selected Jerry Goldsmith as composer. The Williams-Spielberg collaboration resumed with the director's 1987 film ''Empire of the Sun,'' and has continued to the present, spanning genres from science fiction thrillers (1993's ''Jurassic Park),'' to somber tragedies (1993's ''Schindler's List'', 2005's ''Munich),'' to Eastern-tinged melodramas (2005's ''Memoirs of a Geisha'', directed by Rob Marshall). Spielberg has said, "I call it an honorable privilege to regard John Williams as a friend."

In 1999, George Lucas launched the first of a series of prequels to the original ''Star Wars'' trilogy. Williams was asked to score all three films, starting with ''The Phantom Menace.'' Along with themes from the previous movies, Williams created new themes to be used as leitmotifs in ''Attack of the Clones'' (2002) and ''Revenge of the Sith'' (2005). Most notable of these was "Duel of the Fates", an aggressive choral movement utilizing harsh Sanskrit lyrics that broadened the style of music used in the Star Wars films. Also of note was "Anakin's Theme", which begins as an innocent childlike melody and morphs insidiously into a quote of the sinister "Imperial March" of the prior trilogy. For ''Episode II,'' Williams composed "Across the Stars", a love theme for Padmé Amidala and Anakin Skywalker (mirroring the love theme composed for the second film of the previous trilogy, ''The Empire Strikes Back''). The final installment combined many of the themes created for the series' previous movies, including "The Emperor's Theme", "The Imperial March", "Across the Stars", "Duel of the Fates", "The Force Theme", "Rebel Fanfare", "Luke's Theme", and "Princess Leia's Theme", as well as new themes for General Grievous and the film's climax, entitled "Battle of the Heroes." Few composers have scored an entire series of this magnitude: The combined scores of all six ''Star Wars'' films add up to more than 14 hours of orchestral music.

In the new millennium, Williams was asked to score the film adaptations of the widely successful book series, ''Harry Potter''. He went on to score the first three installments of the film franchise. As with his ''Superman'' theme, the most important theme from Williams's scores for the adaptations of J. K. Rowling's ''Harry Potter'' series, dubbed ''Hedwig's Theme'', has been used in the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth films (''Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire'', ''Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix'', ''Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince'', ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1'' and ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2''), scored by Patrick Doyle, Nicholas Hooper and Alexandre Desplat respectively. Like the main themes from ''Star Wars'', ''Jaws'', ''Superman'', and ''Indiana Jones'', fans have come to identify the ''Harry Potter'' films with Williams's original compositions. Williams was asked to return to the film franchise to score the final installment, ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2'', but director David Yates stated that "their schedules simply did not align" as he would have had to provide Williams with a rough cut of the film sooner than was possible.

In 2006, ''Superman Returns'' was completed under the direction of Bryan Singer, best known for directing the first two movies in the ''X-Men'' series. Although Singer did not request Williams to compose a score for the intentionally Donner-esque film, he employed the skills of ''X2'' composer John Ottman to incorporate Williams's original ''Superman'' theme, as well as those for Lois Lane and Smallville. Don Davis performed a similar role for ''Jurassic Park III'', recommended to the producers by Williams himself. (Film scores by Ottman and to a lesser extent Davis are often compared to those of Williams, as both use similar styles of composition.)

In 2008, Williams returned to the ''Indiana Jones'' series to score the fourth film—''The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''. He received a Grammy nomination for his work on the film. During 2008, he also composed music for two documentaries, ''Warner at War'', and ''A Timeless Call'', the latter of which was directed by Steven Spielberg.

Williams also composed the score to ''The Adventures of Tintin: Secret of the Unicorn,'' the first film in the upcoming ''Tintin'' trilogy based on the comics by Hergé. This film continues his long-time collaboration with director Steven Spielberg, and he will work with producer Peter Jackson for the first time. The film is currently in post production. Williams is also scheduled to score Spielberg's upcoming films ''War Horse'' (2011) and ''Lincoln'' (2012).

Conducting and performing

From 1980 to 1993, Williams succeeded Arthur Fiedler as Principal Conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra. Williams never met Fiedler in person but spoke with him by telephone. His arrival as the new leader of the Pops in the spring of 1980 allowed him to devote part of the Pops' first PBS broadcast of the season to presenting his new compositions for ''The Empire Strikes Back,'' in addition to conducting many Fiedler audience favorites.

Williams almost ended his tenure with the Pops in 1984. Considered a customary practice of opinion, some players hissed while sight-reading a new Williams composition in rehearsal; Williams abruptly left the session and turned in his resignation. He initially cited mounting conflicts with his film composing schedule, but later admitted a perceived lack of discipline in and respect from the Pops' ranks, culminating in this latest instance. After entreaties by the management and personal apologies from the musicians, Williams withdrew his resignation and continued as principal conductor for nine more years. In 1995 he was succeeded by Keith Lockhart, the former associate conductor of the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra and Cincinnati Pops Orchestra.

Williams is now the Laureate Conductor of the Pops, thus maintaining his affiliation with its parent, the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO). Williams leads the Pops on several occasions each year, particularly during their Holiday Pops season and typically for a week of concerts in May. He conducts an annual Film Night at both Boston Symphony Hall and Tanglewood, where he frequently enlists the Tanglewood Festival Chorus, official chorus of the BSO.

Williams has written many concert pieces, including a symphony; a Concerto for Horn written for Dale Clevenger, principal hornist of the Chicago Symphony; a Concerto for Clarinet written for Michele Zukovsky (Principal Clarinetist of the Los Angeles Philharmonic) in 1991; a sinfonietta for wind ensemble; a cello concerto premiered by Yo-Yo Ma and the Boston Symphony Orchestra at Tanglewood in 1994; concertos for the flute and violin recorded by the London Symphony Orchestra; and a trumpet concerto, which was premiered by the Cleveland Orchestra and their principal trumpet Michael Sachs in September 1996. His bassoon concerto, "The Five Sacred Trees", which was premiered by the New York Philharmonic and principal bassoon player Judith LeClair in 1995, was recorded for Sony Classical by Williams with LeClair and the London Symphony Orchestra. He is also an accomplished pianist, as can be heard in various scores in which he provides solos, as well as a handful of European classical music recordings.

Williams was the subject of an hour-long documentary for the BBC in 1980, and was featured in a story for ABC's newsmagazine 20/20 in 1983.

In 1985, Williams was commissioned by NBC to compose a television news music package for various network news spots. The package, which Williams named "The Mission", consists of four movements, two of which are still used heavily by NBC today for ''The Today Show'', ''NBC Nightly News'', and ''Meet the Press''. Williams also composed the "Liberty Fanfare" for the rededication of the Statue of Liberty, "We're Lookin' Good!" for the Special Olympics in celebration of the 1987 International Summer Games, and themes for the 1984, 1988, 1996, and 2002 Olympic games. His most recent concert work, "Seven for Luck", for soprano and orchestra, is a seven-piece song cycle based on the texts of former U.S. Poet Laureate Rita Dove. "Seven for Luck" was given its world premiere by the Boston Symphony under Williams with soprano Cynthia Haymon.

Williams makes annual appearances with the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the Hollywood Bowl, and took part as conductor and composer in the orchestra's opening gala concerts for the Walt Disney Concert Hall in 2003.

In April 2005, Williams and the Boston Pops performed "The Force Theme" from ''Star Wars'' at opening day in Fenway Park as the Boston Red Sox, having won their first World Series championship since 1918, received their championship rings. For Game 1 of the 2007 World Series, Williams conducted a brass-and-drum ensemble through a new dissonant arrangement of the "Star Spangled Banner."

In April 2004, February 2006, and September 2007, he conducted the New York Philharmonic at Avery Fisher Hall in New York City. The initial program was intended to be a one-time special event, and featured Williams's medley of Oscar-winning film scores first performed at the previous year's Academy Awards. Its unprecedented popularity led to two concerts in 2006: fundraising gala events featuring personal recollections by film directors Martin Scorsese and Steven Spielberg. Continuing demand fueled three more concerts in 2007, which all sold out. These featured a tribute to the musicals of film director Stanley Donen, and had the distinction of serving as the opening event of the New York Philharmonic season. After a four-season absence, Williams is scheduled to conduct the Philharmonic once again in October 2011.

Notable compositions

Film scores

{| style="width:100%;" |- valign="top"

The following list consists of select films for which John Williams wrote the score and/or songs.

2010s

''Lincoln'' (2012)

''War Horse'' (2011)

''The Adventures of Tintin: Secret of the Unicorn'' (2011)

''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2'' (2011) Music composed by Alexandre Desplat. The cues "Leaving Hogwarts" and "Hedwig's Theme" were used from ''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'', and another variant of "Hedwig's Theme" was used from ''Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets''

2000s

''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' (2008) At the 51st Grammy Awards, John Williams won an award for the Mutt Williams theme

''Munich'' (2005) Oscar nomination, Grammy for Best Instrumental Composition; and Grammy nomination for Best Score Soundtrack Album

''Memoirs of a Geisha'' (2005) Oscar Nomination, Grammy, Golden Globe, and BAFTA winner

''War of the Worlds'' (2005) Grammy nomination

''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith'' (2005) double Grammy nominations

''The Terminal'' (2004)

''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' (2004) Grammy and Oscar nominations (soundtrack)

''Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets'' (2002) Grammy nomination/Adapted and conducted by William Ross

''Minority Report'' (2002)

''Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones'' (2002)

''Catch Me if You Can'' (2002) Oscar nomination

''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' (2001) Oscar nomination and double Grammy nominations

''A.I.: Artificial Intelligence'' (2001) Grammy and Oscar nominations

''The Patriot'' (2000) Oscar nomination

1990s

''Angela's Ashes'' (1999) Grammy and Oscar nomination

''Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace'' (1999) Grammy nomination

''Saving Private Ryan'' (1998) Golden Globe, Grammy, and Oscar nominations

''Stepmom'' (1998)

''Amistad'' (1997) Grammy and Oscar nominations

''Seven Years in Tibet'' (1997)

''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'' (1997)

''Rosewood'' (1997)

''Sleepers'' (1996) Oscar nomination

''Sabrina'' (1995) double Oscar nominations

''Nixon'' (1995) Oscar nomination

''Schindler's List'' (1993) Oscar, Grammy, and BAFTA winner

''Jurassic Park'' (1993)

''Far and Away'' (1992)

''Home Alone 2: Lost in New York'' (1992)

''JFK'' (1991) Oscar nomination

''Hook'' (1991) Grammy and Oscar nominations

''Home Alone'' (1990) double Oscar nominations

''Presumed Innocent'' (1990)

''Stanley & Iris'' (1990)

1980s

''Always'' (1989)

''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' (1989) Oscar nomination

''Born on the Fourth of July'' (1989) Oscar nomination

''The Accidental Tourist'' (1988) Oscar nomination

''The Witches of Eastwick'' (1987) Oscar nomination

''Superman IV: The Quest for Peace'' (1987) Adapted and conducted by Alexander Courage

''Empire of the Sun'' (1987) Oscar nomination, BAFTA winner

''SpaceCamp'' (1986)

''The River'' (1984) Oscar nomination

''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' (1984) Oscar nomination

''Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' (1983) Oscar nomination

''Monsignor'' (1982)

''Yes, Giorgio'' (1982) Song only – "If We Were In Love" Oscar and Golden Globe nomination

''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'' (1982) Golden Globe, Oscar, and BAFTA winner (soundtrack)

''Heartbeeps'' (1981)

''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' (1981) Oscar and double Grammy nominations

''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' (1980) Oscar and double Grammy nominations, BAFTA winner

1970s

''Dracula'' (1979)

''1941'' (1979)

''Superman'' (1978) Oscar nomination and double Grammy nominations

''The Fury'' (1978)

''Jaws 2'' (1978)

''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' (1977) Oscar nomination

''Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope'' (1977) Oscar, Golden Globe & BAFTA winner

''Black Sunday'' (1977)

''The Missouri Breaks'' (1976)

''Midway'' (1976)

''Family Plot'' (1976)

''The Eiger Sanction'' (1975)

''Jaws'' (1975) Golden Globe, BAFTA and Oscar winner

''The Sugarland Express'' (1974)

''Earthquake'' (1974)

''The Towering Inferno'' (1974) Oscar nomination

''Tom Sawyer'' (1973) Oscar nomination shared with Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman

''The Paper Chase'' (1973)

''The Long Goodbye'' (1973), also title song.

''Cinderella Liberty'' (1973) Oscar nomination

''The Cowboys'' (1972)

''The Poseidon Adventure'' (1972) Oscar nomination

''Images'' (1972) Oscar nomination

''Fiddler on the Roof'' (1971) Oscar winner (score adaptation)

''Jane Eyre'' (1970)

''Storia di una donna'' (1970) His only score written for a foreign movie

1960s

''Goodbye, Mr. Chips'' (1969) Oscar nomination

''The Reivers'' (1969) Oscar nomination

''Heidi'' (1968)

''Fitzwilly'' (1967)

''A Guide for the Married Man'' (1967)

''Valley of the Dolls'' (1967) Oscar nomination (songs written by André and Dory Previn)

''John Goldfarb, Please Come Home!'' (1965)

''The Rare Breed'' (1966)

''How to Steal a Million'' (1966)

''None But the Brave'' (1965)

''The Killers'' (1964)

''Gidget Goes to Rome'' (1963)

''Diamond Head'' (1963)

''Bachelor Flat'' (1962)

''The Secret Ways'' (1961)

''I Passed for White'' (1960)

''Because They're Young'' (1960)

1950s

''Daddy-O'' (1958)

The Olympics

Williams has composed music for four Olympic Games:

"Olympic Fanfare and Theme" – 1984 Summer Olympics, Los Angeles

* Written specifically for the opening ceremonies. In a 1996 re-release, the opening trumpet fanfare was replaced with "Bugler's Dream", a previous Olympic Theme written by Leo Arnaud. This recording has been used as the theme for NBC's Olympic coverage ever since.

"The Olympic Spirit" – 1988 Summer Olympics, Seoul

* Commissioned by NBC Sports for their television coverage

"Summon the Heroes" – 1996 Summer Olympics, Atlanta, Georgia

* Written in commemoration of the Centennial of the Modern Olympic Games. Premiering on July 19, 1996, the piece features heavy use of the brass and wind sections and is approximately six minutes in length. Principal Boston Pops trumpeter Timothy Morrison played the opening solo on the album recording. It has been arranged for various types of ensembles, including wind ensembles. This theme is now used prevalently by NBC for intros and outros to commercial breaks of the Olympics.

"Call of the Champions" – 2002 Winter Olympics, Salt Lake City, Utah

Television themes

For NBC (United States):

* ''NBC News''—"The Mission"

** ''NBC Nightly News''

** ''The Today Show''

** ''Meet the Press''

''NBC Sunday Night Football''

''Amazing Stories''

''Checkmate (TV series)''

''Land of the Giants''

''Lost in Space''

''The Time Tunnel''

Theme for ''Great Performances''

Score for ''Gilligan's Island'' (first season)

Concerti

"Concerto for Flute and Orchestra" (1969), premiered in 1981 by the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra under Leonard Slatkin

"Concerto No. 1 for Violin and Orchestra" (1976 rev. 1998), premiered in 1981 by the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra under Slatkin

"Concerto for Tuba and Orchestra" (1985), premiered by the tubist Chester Schmitz of the Boston Pops for their 100th anniversary

"Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra" (1991), recorded by Michele Zukovsky for whom it was written

"Concerto for Bassoon and Orchestra (The Five Sacred Trees)" (1993), recorded by Judith LeClaire with the London Symphony Orchestra

"Concerto for Cello and Orchestra" (1994)

"Concerto for Trumpet and Orchestra" (1996)

"Elegy for Cello and Piano" (1997), later arranged for Cello and Orchestra (2002). Based on a theme from ''Seven Years in Tibet''

"TreeSong, Concerto No. 2 for Violin and Orchestra" (2000)

"Heartwood: Lyric Sketches for Cello and Orchestra" (2002)

"Concerto for Horn and Orchestra" (2003). Premiered with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in November 2003

"Duo Concertante for Violin and Viola" (2007). Premiered at Tanglewood in August 2007

"Concerto for Viola and Orchestra" (2009)

"Concerto for Harp and Orchestra: On Willows and Birches" (2009)

"Concerto for Oboe and Orchestra" (2011)

"La Jolla Quartet: A Chamber Piece for Violin, Cello, Clarinet, and Harp" (2011). Premieres August 2011 at the La Jolla Music Society's SummerFest (Also has worked with Yo Yo Ma)

Celebration pieces and other concert works

"Prelude and Fugue for Orchestra" (1965). Available for download in MP3 at the United States Marine Band website.

"Symphony #1" (1966), premiered by Houston Symphony under André Previn in 1968. Williams reworked the piece in 1988 (performed by San Francisco Symphony during a visit as guest conductor in early 1990s)

''Thomas and The King'' (musical, 1975), premiered in London. Recorded in 1981 by the Original Cast.

"Jubilee 350 Fanfare" (1980), premiered by the Boston Pops conducted by Williams. Piece celebrating the 350th anniversary of the City of Boston

"Liberty Fanfare" (1986), premiered on July 4, 1986 by the Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra. Piece composed for the Centennial of the Statue of Liberty

"A Hymn to New England" (1987)

"Fanfare for Michael Dukakis" (1988). Composed for Michael Dukakis' presidential campaign and premiered at the 1988 Democratic National Convention

"For New York" (Variations on theme by Leonard Bernstein) (1988). Composed for Leonard Bernstein's 70th birthday celebrations

"Celebrate Discovery" (1990). Composed for the 500th anniversary celebration of the arrival of Columbus in America

"Sound the Bells!" (1993)

"Song for World Peace" (1994)

"Variations on Happy Birthday" (1995)

"American Journey" (1999). Portions premiered as accompaniment to a film by Steven Spielberg as part of the Millennium Celebration in Washington D.C. December 31, 1999

"Three Pieces for Solo Cello" (2001)

"Soundings" (2003), composed for the Walt Disney Concert Hall

"Star Spangled Banner" (2007), special arrangement for game 1 of the 2007 World Series played by the Boston Pops Orchestra

"A Timeless Call" (2008). Score to the Steven Spielberg war veteran tribute film shown on day 3 of the 2008 Democratic National Convention

"Air and Simple Gifts", performed by Itzhak Perlman on violin, Yo-Yo Ma on cello, Gabriela Montero on piano, and Anthony McGill on clarinet. Composed for the Barack Obama 2009 presidential inauguration

chamber music piece for the La Jolla Music Society’s SummerFest in California

Awards

John Williams has won five Academy Awards and four Golden Globe Awards. He has been nominated for 21 Golden Globes and 59 Grammys. With 45 Oscar nominations, Williams currently holds the record for the most Oscar nominations for a living person, and is the second most nominated person in the history of the Academy Awards, tied with late fellow film composer Alfred Newman and behind only Walt Disney's 59. Forty of Williams' Oscar nominations are for Best Original Music Score and five are for Best Original Song. He won four Oscars for Best Original Score and one for Best Adapted Score ''(Fiddler on the Roof).''

Williams has received three Emmy Awards and five nominations, six BAFTAs, twenty-one Grammy Awards, and has been inducted into the American Classical Music Hall of Fame and the Hollywood Bowl Hall of Fame. In 2004 he received a Kennedy Center Honor. He won a Classical Brit award in 2005 for his soundtrack work of the previous year.

Notably, Williams has won the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition for his scores for ''Star Wars'', ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'', ''Superman'', ''The Empire Strikes Back'', ''E.T. The Extraterrestrial'', ''Angela's Ashes'' (1999), ''Munich'' (2005), and ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.'' The competition includes not only composers of film scores, but also composers of instrumental music of any genre, including composers of classical fare such as symphonies and chamber music.

In 2003, the International Olympic Committee accorded Mr. Williams its highest individual honor, the Olympic Order.

In 2010, Williams received the National Medal of Arts in the White House in Washington for his achievements in symphonic music for motion pictures, and "as a pre-eminent composer and conductor [whose] scores have defined and inspired modern movie-going for decades."

AFI

Williams's richly thematic and highly popular 1977 score to Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope was selected in 2005 by the American Film Institute as the greatest American movie score of all time. His scores for ''Jaws'' and ''E.T.'' also appeared on the list, at No. 6 and #14, respectively. Other Williams scores for the following films were nominated for the list:

''A.I. Artificial Intelligence'' (2001)

''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' (1977)

''The Cowboys'' (1972)

''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' (2001)

''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' (1981)

''Schindler's List'' (1993)

''Superman'' (1978)

''The Witches of Eastwick'' (1987)

Academy Awards

|- | 1967 | ''Valley of the Dolls'' | Best Score Adaptation | |- | rowspan=2 | 1969 | ''Goodbye, Mr Chips'' | Best Score Adaptation | |- | ''The Reivers'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1971 | ''Fiddler on the Roof'' | Best Scoring Adaptation and Original Song Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1972 | ''Images'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | ''The Poseidon Adventure'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | rowspan=3 | 1973 | ''Cinderella Liberty'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | "Nice to Be Around" (from ''Cinderella Liberty'') | Best Original Song | |- | ''Tom Sawyer'' | Best Score Adaptation | |- | 1974 | ''The Towering Inferno'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1975 | ''Jaws'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1977 | ''Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1978 | ''Superman'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1980 | ''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1981 | ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1982 | ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'' | Best Original Score | |- | "If We Were in Love" (from ''Yes, Giorgio'') | Best Original Song | |- | 1983 | ''Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1984 | ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''The River'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1987 | ''Empire of the Sun'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''The Witches of Eastwick'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1988 | ''The Accidental Tourist'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1989 | ''Born on the Fourth of July'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1990 | ''Home Alone'' | Best Original Score | |- | "Somewhere in My Memory" (from ''Home Alone'') | Best Original Song | |- | rowspan=2 | 1991 | ''JFK'' | Best Original Score | |- | "When You're Alone" (from ''Hook'') | Best Original Song | |- | 1993 | ''Schindler's List'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=3 | 1995 | ''Nixon'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | ''Sabrina'' | Best Original Musical or Comedy Score | |- | "Moonlight" (from ''Sabrina'') | Best Original Song | |- | 1996 | ''Sleepers'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | 1997 | ''Amistad'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | 1998 | ''Saving Private Ryan'' | Best Original Dramatic Score | |- | 1999 | ''Angela's Ashes'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2000 | ''The Patriot'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 2001 | ''A.I. Artificial Intelligence'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2002 | ''Catch Me If You Can'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2004 | ''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 2005 | ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Munich'' | Best Original Score |

BAFTA Awards

|- | 1975 | ''Jaws'' | Best Film Music | |- | rowspan=2 | 1978 | ''Star Wars'' | Best Film Music | |- | ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1980 | ''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1981 | ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1982 | ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1988 | ''Empire of the Sun'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1993 | ''Schindler's List'' | Best Film Music | |- | 1998 | ''Saving Private Ryan'' | Best Film Music | |- | 2002 | ''Catch Me If You Can'' | Best Film Music | |- | 2005 | ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' | Best Film Music |

Emmy Awards

|- | 1962 | ''Alcoa Premiere'' | Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composed for Television | |- | 1963 | ''Alcoa Premiere'' | Outstanding Achievement in Composing Original Music | |- | 1968 | ''Heidi'' | Outstanding Achievement in Musical Composition | |- | 1971 | ''Jane Eyre'' | Outstanding Achievement in Musical Composition | |- | 2002 | The 74th Academy Awards | Outstanding Music Direction | |- | 2009 | ''Great Performances'' | Outstanding Original Main Title Theme Music |

Golden Globe Awards

|- | 1973 | ''The Poseidon Adventure'' | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1974 | ''Cinderella Liberty'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Tom Sawyer'' (with Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman) | Best Original Score | |- | rowspan=2 | 1975 | ''Earthquake'' | Best Original Score | |- | ''Jaws'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1977 | ''Star Wars'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1978 | ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1979 | ''Superman'' | Best Original Score | |- | | 1981 | ''Star Wars: Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1982 | ''E.T.'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1983 | "If We Were In Love" (with Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman) from ''Yes, Giorgio'' | Best Original Song | |- | 1985 | ''The River'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1988 | ''Empire of the Sun'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1989 | ''The Accidental Tourist'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1990 | ''Born on the Fourth of July'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1994 | ''Schindler's List'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1996 | "Moonlight" (with Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman) from ''Sabrina'' | Best Original Song | |- | 1998 | ''Seven Years in Tibet'' | Best Original Score | |- | 1999 | ''Saving Private Ryan'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2000 | ''Angela's Ashes'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2002 | ''Artificial Intelligence: AI'' | Best Original Score | |- | 2005 | ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' | Best Original Score |

Grammy awards

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States.

|- | 1962 | ''Checkmate'' | Best Soundtrack Album or Recording or Score from Motion Picture or Television | |- | 1975 | ''Jaws'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=3 | 1977 | ''Star Wars'' | Best Pop Instrumental Performance | |- | "Main Title" from ''Star Wars'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Star Wars'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1978 | "Theme" from ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1979 | "Main Title Theme from Superman" | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Superman'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1980 | ''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | 1981 | ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=3 | 1982 | "Flying" (Theme from ''E.T.'') | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'' | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | "Flying" (Theme from ''E.T.'') | Best Arrangement on an Instrumental Recording | |- | rowspan=2 | 1984 | ''Olympic Fanfare and Theme'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1988 | ''The Witches of Eastwick'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1989 | ''Empire of the Sun'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1990 | ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1992 | "Somewhere in My Memory" (with Leslie Bricusse) from ''Home Alone'' | Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1993 | ''Schindler's List'' | Instrumental Composition for a Motion Picture or Television | |- | ''Hook'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1994 | ''Jurassic Park'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1997 | "Moonlight" (with Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman) from ''Sabrina'' | Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1998 | ''Seven Years in Tibet'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1999 | ''Saving Private Ryan'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | ''Amistad'' | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 2000 | "Theme" from ''Angela's Ashes'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2002 | ''Artificial Intelligence: A.I.'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2003 | ''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | rowspan=2 | 2004 | ''Catch Me If You Can'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | ''Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2005 | ''Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2006 | ''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | rowspan=3 | 2007 | ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | ''Munich'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | "A Prayer For Peace" (Theme from ''Munich'') | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | rowspan=2 | 2009 | "The Adventures of Mutt" from ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media |

See also

Star Wars music

Superman music

Harry Potter music

References

Further reading

External links

John Williams Fan Network

Music by John Williams

The John Towner Touch (1957) (First solo album)

The John Williams Web Pages

Hollywood Bowl's Hall of Fame

John Williams Music Network

John Williams at Soundtrackguide.net

John Williams on SoundtrackNet

John Williams Discography at SoundtrackCollector.com

The John Williams Collection

John Williams Sheet Music and Scores

Timelines John Williams (Article Part 1 of 6) Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6

Critical review of Williams's career by Anthony Tommasini at New York Times (2005)

John Williams Fan Site (Chinese language)

John Williams on Pandora

Category:1932 births Category:People from Queens Category:20th-century classical composers Category:21st-century classical composers Category:American film score composers Category:American music arrangers Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners Category:BRIT Award winners Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Harry Potter music Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music Category:Juilliard School alumni Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Living people Category:Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees Category:United States Air Force personnel Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients

ar:جون ويليامز zh-min-nan:John Williams bar:John Williams bs:John Williams bg:Джон Уилямс ca:John Williams cs:John Williams cy:John Williams (cyfansoddwr) da:John Williams de:John Williams (Komponist) et:John Williams es:John Williams (compositor) fa:جان ویلیامز fr:John Williams (compositeur) ga:John Williams (cumadóir) gl:John Williams ko:존 윌리엄스 (작곡가) hr:John Williams id:John Williams is:John Williams it:John Williams he:ג'ון ויליאמס (מלחין) ka:ჯონ უილიამსი la:Ioannes Towner Williams lb:John Williams hu:John Williams mk:Џон Вилијамс nl:John Williams (componist) ja:ジョン・ウィリアムズ (作曲家) no:John Williams nn:John Williams pl:John Williams pt:John Williams ro:John Williams (compozitor) ru:Уильямс, Джон Таунер simple:John Williams sk:John Williams sl:John Towner Williams fi:John Williams (säveltäjä) sv:John Williams th:จอห์น วิลเลียมส์ tr:John Williams uk:Джон Вільямс vi:John Williams zh:約翰·威廉斯

name	Reena Roy
birth date	January 07, 1957
yearsactive	1972 - 1985
occupation	Actress
website	}}

Reena Roy (born 7 January 1957) was one of the top Hindi film actresses in India. She performed leading roles in many films from 1972 to 1985.

Early life and background

Reena Roy was the third daughter of a Muslim father and a Hindu mother. Her parents divorced after having four children together. She started acting in films in her early teens to support her mother and siblings.

Career

Reena Roy's career in films started off with a non-starter, B. R. Ishara's Nai Duniya Naye Log with another newcomer Danny Denzongpa, but it was shelved temporarily. Undeterred, B. R. Ishara cast both actors again in Zaroorat (1972), along with another newcomer Vijay Arora, and the racy film got her some attention. She was now called the "Zaroorat Girl." Yet, she struggled for the next four years in B grade films that had feeble scripts and faltering leading men. The bright spot during this period came with her lively performance in Jaise Ko Taisa (1973), and her rain-soaked dance to the song "Ab ke Sawan" with Jeetendra raised temperatures.

Another break came after two years. At the outset Kalicharan (1975) didn't seem like it had the makings of a hit. Subhash Ghai, a failed actor, was making his directorial debut, and Shatrughan Sinha, an actor known for his villainous roles, was making his first mark as a hero. But the film defied everyone's expectations and became a surprise hit. Reena and shatrughan got attention from audiences for their good performance. They became a good on-screen pair and they signed several films together.

Reena Roy also made several films with Sunil Dutt. The successes of Zakhmee (1975) and Kalicharan led to her star vehicle ''Nagin'' (1976). Playing the title role of "female snake with mythological powers", she avenges the death of her lover by ruthlessly murdering five men. The film became a huge hit, and Reena received her first Filmfare nomination as Best Actress. She was now one of the top heroines in Hindi films. Inspired by "Nagin"'s success, director, Rajkumar Kohli, cast Reena again in his next horror movie, ''Jaani Dushman'' (1979). Thereafter, the Kohli-Roy combination continued to give blockbusters, including ''Muqabla'' (1979), ''Badle Ki Aag'' (1982), and ''Raaj Tilak'' (1984). Reena Roy-Shatrughan Sinha became a famous team after "Kalicharan," and had delivered yet another blockbuster thriller, Subhash Ghai's Vishwanath (1978). But it was Reena's appearance with Jeetendra in marital dramas like ''Badaltey Rishtey'' (1978) and ''Pyaasa Sawan'' (1982) that set her career soaring. The duo produced three of their greatest classics together - Apnapan (1977), Aasha (1980) and Arpan (1983).

Her role in Apnapan as the selfish gold-digger who abandons her husband and child and later wanting her son back, won her the Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award, beating out top actresses Nutan, Asha Parekh, and Rekha. (This was the precursor to the type of role that Meryl Streep played two years ''later'' in Kramer vs. Kramer (1979)).

After the box office success of Aasha for which she received her second Filmfare nomination as Best Actress, Reena entered the 1980s as a leading lady in demand, securing herself roles with famous movie star like Rajesh Khanna, Dharmendra, and Vinod Khanna.

Though professionally she competed with Rekha, off the screen they were good friends. Rekha helped Reena improve her costume sense and hair styles.

Reena Roy then concentrated on her career, with stiff competition from Hema Malini, Rekha. In 1982 alone, she had thirteen releases, by far more than any other actress.According to Ibosnetwork.com she had the most successful year 1982 with 8 major grossers,taking her to the number one slot of the list.Going by boxofficeindia she had maximum hits along with hema malini and rekha,taking her to third position.She was now demanding equal footing with Hema. Her characters became more versatile, as did her dances. She danced with the classical 'natyam' in Rocky (1981)), just as easily as the "Disco Station" number in Hathkadi (1982). She was the sophisticated city dwelling model in Karishma (1984) and as the village girl in Dharam Kanta (1982). She met the challenging demands of her double role in the Muslim social, Ladies Tailor (1981), and acted against Sanjeev Kumar.

At the pinnacle of her popularity, Reena's strong desire to prove herself got her involved in a number of women-oriented films. Enacting the role of a tormented daughter-in-law in Sau Din Saas Ke (1980), she defies conventions to oppose her tyrant mother-in-law. With an author-backed role in Bezubaan (1982), she gave a portrayal of a woman whose past returns to threaten her present married life. In Lakshmi (1982 film) (1982), playing the role of a mis-fortunate tawaif, she dances to her never-ending tragedies. However, the film failed at the box office. But she was successful with her other home production - the musical comedy, Sanam Teri Kasam (1982), opposite Kamal Hassan and produced by her sister Barkha Roy.

She also starred in the Punjabi films ''Sat Sri Akal'' (1977) and ''Walayati Babu'' (1981)(paired with Amitabh Bachchan).

Personal life

She has two more sisters, Barkha and Anju and a brother, Raja. Reena's actual name is Roopa. In 1983, at the height of her fame, Reena Roy decided to quit films to marry Pakistani cricketer Mohsin Khan. Her last film was INTEHA(1984 film). One of Reena's last releases was J.P. Dutta's war-torn ''Ghulami'' (1985). After marriage things didn't work out between the couple. Reena initially lost custody of their daughter Sanam in the divorce. However, after her ex-husband re-married,Reena regained custody.

Return

Reena returned to Bollywood in 1992, in a mature supporting role as a sister-in-law ('bhabhi') in Aadmi Khilona Hai (1993). Her last film appearance was in J.P Dutta's ''Refugee'' (2000). She has since turned to acting in television serials, such as "Eena Meena Deeka," produced by her sister Barkha. After the serial ended, the sisters opened an acting school in 2004. Reena Roy has also campaigned for the Indian National Congress.

Filmography

Year	Film	Role	Notes
	''Zaroorat''	Anju
''Milap''	Rani 'Chalava'/Rukmani
''Jangal Mein Mangal''	Leela
	''Nai Duniya Naye Log''	Sandhya
''Jaise Ko Taisa''	Roopa
	''Madhosh''	Minal
''Goonj''	Meena
	''Vardaan''	Lata
''Umar Qaid''
''Rani Aur Lalpari''	Lalpari
''Apne Dushman''	Reshma 'Reshu'
''Zakhmee''	Nisha Ganguly
	''Sangram''	Poonam
	Reena
''Barood''	Sapna - Bakshi's Assistant
	Nagin (female serpent)
''Kalicharan''	sapna Mathur
''Udhar Ka Sindur''	Rekha
	''Zamaanat''	Reshma
''Taxi Taxie''	Neelam
''Sat Sri Akal''	Shree
''Paapi''	Aasha
''Jagriti''	Barkha
''Daku Aur Mahatma''	Kiran
''Apnapan''	Kamini Agarwal
''Jadu Tona''	Varsja
''Jay Vejay''	Maharani Ambika
	''Karmayogi''	Kiran
''Daku Aur Jawan''	Ganga
''Chor Ho To Aisa''	Champa
''Vishwanath''	Soni
''Aakhri Daku''
''Badalte Rishtey''	Savitri Devi
''Bhookh''	Bina
	''Muqabla''	Laxmi 'lacho'
''Heera-Moti''	Neelam
''Gautam Govinda''	Dancer
		Nisha/Preeti
''Yari Dushmani''	Pammi
''Sau Din Saas Ki''	Durga
''Ganga Aur Suraj''	Poonam
''Kashish''	Docter Seema
''Aasha''	Asha
''Be-Reham''	Kiran
''Jawalamukhi''	Anju
	''Walayati Babu''	Billo
''Dushman Dost''
	Julie
''Ladies Tailor''	Niqat
	Lajwanti/Hirabai
''Dhanwan''	Asha
''Pyaasa Sawan''	Manorama
''Jail Yatra''	Shanu
''Jaani Dushman''	Raja/Reshma
	''Main Intequam Loonga''	Mala Bajpai
''Lakshmi''	Lakshmi
''Kachche Heere''	Rani
''Jeeo Aur Jeene Do''	Renu
''Do Ustad''	Roopa
''Dard Ka Rishta''	Asha
''Baghavat''	Channo
''Hathkadi''	Rosie
''Sanam Teri Kasam''	Nisha
''Badle Ki Aag''	Geeta
''Insaan''	Sona
''Dharm Kanta''	Bijli
''Deedar-E-Yaar''	Qawalli Singer
''Bezubaan''	Kalpana
	''Andhaa Kanoon''	Meena Srivastav
''Arpan''	Shobha
''Prem Tapasya''	Devi
''Naukar Biwi Ka''	Sandhya
	''Yaadon Ki Zanjeer''	Usha
	Madhumati
''Maati Maangey Khoon''	Sharda
''Asha Jyoti''	Asha
	Anita
''Karishmaa''	Nisha
	''Kali Basti''	Lajjo - Gangaram's sister
''Ghulami''	Moran
''Ek Chitthi Pyar Bhari''	Aarti Saxena
''Hum Dono''	Rani
	''Mangal Dada''	Lakshmi
	''Faqeer Badshah''	Dancer
	''Dharam Shatru''	Renu
''Do waqt Ki Roti''	Shalini aka Shalu
	''Bedardi''	Preeti N. Saxena
''Aadmi Khilona Hai''	Ganga verma
	''Policewala Gunda''	Sudha
''Janam Kundli''	Rita R. Mehra
''Kalyug Ke Avtaar''	Reena
	''Smuggler''	Usha
''Rajkumar''	Rani Maa
''Ajay''	Durga
	''Jeeo Shaan Se''	Lata
	''Gair''	Sharda Oberoi
	''Refugee''	Amina Mohammad

Awards and nominations

Filmfare Nomination for Best Actress—Nagin (1976)

Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award--Apnapan (1977)

Filmfare Nomination for Best Actress—Aasha (1980)

References

External links

IMDB entry

http://123india.santabanta.com/cinema.asp?pid=5430

http://www.priyaclub.ru/?action=galery&page;=actrises&person;=reena_roy&act;=p&s;=1

http://web.archive.org/web/20010508162759/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Cinema/2623/reena.html

http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/slideshows/80s/ReenaRoy.htm

http://www.parinda.com/profile/994/reena-roy

Category:Indian actors Category:1957 births Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Hindi film actors Category:Living people

pt:Reena Roy

name	Neetu Singh
othername	Neetu Kapoor
birth date	July 08, 1958
birth name	Sonia Singh
birth place	| yearsactive 1966 - 1970, 1972 - 1983, 2009 - present
spouse	Rishi Kapoor (1979-present)
children	Riddhima Kapoor Sahani Ranbir Kapoor
occupation	Actress }}

Neetu Singh (also known as Neetu Kapoor) is an Indian Bollywood actress. She worked as a child actor under the name Baby Sonia. She played Roopa in the 1966 movie ''Dus Lakh'' and a dual role in the film ''Do Kaliyaan''. Her other notable films were ''Waris'' and ''Pavitra Paapi''.

Early life

Neetu Singh was born in New Delhi to Rajee Singh in a Sikh family.

Career

Neetu Singh made her debut as an actress in 1972 with ''Rikshawala'' which was a flop. She took a small role in ''Yaadon Ki Baarat'' (1973), which became a hit, and her sizzling dance number to the song ''Lekar Hum'' brought her so much attention that she was immediately offered lead roles again. In most films, Neetu was cast as the fun-loving daughter or the 'optimistic' or 'lively' girlfriend. She acted with the top stars of her day, especially Rishi Kapoor with whom she appeared in 11 films. Her latest movie is ''Do Dooni Chaar'', in which she is paired opposite Rishi Kapoor. She was nominated for Best Actress for the Star Screen Awards for her performance in the movie. She also won, along with Rishi Kapoor, Best Lifetime Jodi at the 2011 Zee Cine Awards.

On screen and off it, Neetu and Rishi Kapoor fell in love. This led to the couple tying the knot in 1979 after a much publicized engagement that was the talk of Bollywood. Neetu was 21 at that time. She was at the top of her career, having just been nominated for a Filmfare Award as Best Supporting Actress for ''Kaala Pathar'' (1979), but she retired. She dismissed allegations that she left films because it was customary for actresses married to the famous Kapoor family to retire after marriage, claiming that it was her 'personal choice.'

Personal life

Neetu is married to actor Rishi Kapoor with whom she has two children. Daughter Riddhima, a fashion designer, married Delhi-based industrialist Bharat Sahni on 25 January 2006. Son Ranbir Kapoor is a Bollywood actor. Riddhima gave birth to a daughter in March 2011.

Filmography

1966 ''Suraj''

1967 ''Dus Lakh''

1968 ''Do Kaliyaan''

1970 ''Ghar Ghar Ki Kahani''

1972 ''Pavitra Paapi''

1973 ''Rickshawala''

1973 ''Yaadon Ki Baaraat''

1974 ''Shatranj Ke Mohre''

1974 ''Aashiana''

1974 ''Hawas''

1975 ''Khel Khel Mein''

1975 ''Rafoo Chakkar''

1975 ''Zinda Dil''

1975 ''Deewaar'' -- Leena Narang

1975 ''Sewak''

1976 ''Sharafat Chhod Di Maine

1976 ''Aadalat''

1976 ''Shankar Dada''

1976 ''Kabhie Kabhie''

1976 ''Maha Chor''

1977 ''Parvarish''

1977 ''Amar Akbar Anthony''

1977 ''Doosra Aadmi''

1977 ''Zamanat''

1977 ''Dhongee''

1977 ''Maha Badmash''

1977 ''Chor Sipahee''

1977 ''Dharam Veer''

1977 ''Ab Kya Hoga''

1977 ''Priyatama''

1977 ''Andolan'' (New-I)

1978 ''Kasme Vaade''

1978 ''Heeralal Pannalal''

1978 ''Anjane Mein''

1979 ''Jhoota Kahin Ka''

1979 ''The Great Gambler''

1979 ''Aatish''

1979 ''Chakravyuh''

1979 ''Kaala Patthar''

1979 ''Bhala Manus''

1979 ''Yuvraj''

1979 ''Duniya Meri Jeb Mein''

1979 ''Zahreelee''

1980 ''Chunauti''

1980 ''The Burning Train''

1980 ''Dhan Daulat''

1980 ''Choron Ki Barat''

1980 ''Kaala Pani''

1981 ''Ek Aur Ek Gyarah''

1981 ''Khoon Ka Rishta''

1981 ''Yaarana''

1981 ''Waqt Ki Deewar''

1982 ''Chorni''

1982 ''Raj Mahal''

1982 ''Teesri Aankh''

1983 ''Ganga Meri Maa''

2009 ''Love Aaj Kal''

2009 ''Delhi 6''

2010 ''Do Dooni Chaar''

References

External links

Category:Living people Category:Indian film actors Category:Indian Sikhs Category:Hindi film actors Category:Indian actors Category:Indian child actors Category:1958 births

mr:नीतू सिंग

name	Asha Parekh
birth date	October 02, 1942
birth place	Maharashtra, India
yearsactive	1952–present
occupation	Actress, Producer
othername	}}

Asha Parekh (born 2 October 1942) is a Bollywood actress, director, and producer. She was one of the top stars in Hindi films from 1959 to 1973.

Biography

Early life

Asha Parekh was born into a middle-class Gujarati family on 2 October 1942 in Mahuva,Gujarat, India to a Hindu father who was from Paldi near Pirana, Ahmedabad, Gujarat and Muslim mother, and her religious upbringing involved worshipping Sai Baba. Her mother enrolled her in Indian classical dance classes at an early age.

Career

Parekh started her career as a child artist under the screen name Baby Asha Parekh in the film ''Aasmaan'' (1952). Famed film director Bimal Roy saw her dance at a stage function and cast her at the tender age of twelve in Baap Beti (1954). The film's failure disappointed her and even though she did a couple more child roles, she quit to resume her schooling. At sixteen she decided to try acting again and make her debut as a heroine, but she was rejected from Vijay Bhatt's ''Goonj Uthi Shehnai'' (1959) in favor of actress Ameeta, because the filmmaker claimed she was not star material. The very next day, film producer Subodh Mukherjee and writer-director Nasir Hussain cast her as the heroine in Dil Deke Dekho (1959) opposite Shammi Kapoor which made her a huge star.

The film also led to a long and fruitful association with Hussain. He went on to cast her as the heroine in six more of his films: Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai (1961), Phir Wohi Dil Laya Hoon (1963), Teesri Manzil (1966), Baharon Ke Sapne (1967), Pyar Ka Mausam (1969), and Caravan (1971). She also did a cameo role for his film Manzil Manzil (1984). He also got her involved in distribution of films for 21 years, starting with Baharon Ke Sapne (1967). She was primarily known as a glamour girl/excellent dancer/tomboy in most of her films, until director Raj Khosla gave her a serious image by casting her in tragedienne roles in three of her favorite films: Do Badan (1966), Chirag (1969), and Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki (1978). Director Shakti Samanta gave her more dramatic roles in her other favorite films, Pagla Kahin Ka (1970), and Kati Patang (1970), the latter earned her the Filmfare Best Actress Award. Many important directors repeated her several times in their films, such as Vijay Anand, Mohan Segal and J.P. Dutta.

Asha acted in her mother tongue Gujarati by starring in three films at the height of her fame in Hindi films, the first film being Akhand Saubhagyavati (1963), which became a huge hit. She also acted in some Punjabi films and a Kannada film Sharavegada Saradara released in 1989.

After her days as a leading lady ended, she took on supporting roles as bhabhi (sister-in-law) and mother, but she called this the "awkward phase" of her career. So she stopped acting in films, and her friends recommended that she become a television director. She took their advice and became a television director in the early 1990s with a Gujarati serial ''Jyoti''. She formed a production company ''Akruti'' and produced serials like ''Palash ke Phool'', ''Baaje Payal'', ''Kora Kagaz'' and a comedy ''Dal Mein Kaala''. She was the president of the Cine Artistes' Association from 1994 to 2000. Asha was the first female chairperson of the Central Board of Film Certification (Censor Board) of India. She held the post from 1998 to 2001 for which she received no salary but plenty of controversy for censoring films and for not giving clearance to Shekhar Kapur's ''Elizabeth''. Later, she became the treasurer of the Cine and Television Artists Association (CINTAA) and also was later elected to be one of its officebearers.

Asha stopped acting in 1995 to pursue directing and producing television serials, but her acting accomplishments were not forgotten as she received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2002. And she has continued to receive other Lifetime Achievement Awards: Kalakar Award in 2004; International Indian Film Academy Awards in 2006; Pune International Film Festival Award (2007); Ninth Annual Bollywood Award (2007) in Long Island, New York. She received the Living Legend Award from the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry(FICCI).

In 2008, she was a judge on a reality show Tyohaar Dhamaaka on the Indian entertainment channel 9X.

Personal life

Asha has remained unmarried, claiming that her reputation of being unapproachable made people hesitate in asking for her hand in marriage. There were rumors that she was romantically involved with her married director Nasir Hussain. In her later years, Asha said that she had a longtime boyfriend but declined to elaborate on the relationship, only stating that "it was nice while it lasted." She said she hadn't seen Nasir Hussain the last year of his life, as he became reclusive because of his wife's death, but she did speak to him on the phone the day before he died in 2002.

Today, she concentrates on her dance academy Kara Bhavan. The Asha Parekh Hospital in Santa Cruz, Mumbai is named after her because of her many contributions.

Filmography

Asha Parekh has acted in over 50 films.

''Aasmaan'' (1952) (as Baby Asha Parekh)

''Dhobi Doctor'' (1954)

''Baap Beti'' (1954)

''Ayodhyapati'' (1956)

''Ustad'' (1957) .... Child Artiste

''Aasha'' (1957) (uncredited)

''Dil Deke Dekho'' (1959) .... Neeta Narayan

''Hum Hindustani'' (1960) .... Sudha

''Ghunghat'' (1960) ....Laxmi

''Jab Pyar Kisise Hota Hai'' (1961) .... Nisha R. Singh

''Gharana'' (1961) ....Usha Gupta

''Chhaya'' (1961) .... Sarita J. Choudhary

''Apna Banake Dekho'' (1962)

''Phir Wohi Dil Laya Hoon'' (1963) .... Mona

''Meri Surat Teri Ankhen'' (1963) .... Kavita

''Bin Badal Barsaat'' (1963) .... Sandhya Gupta

''Bharosa'' (1963) ....Gomti

''Akhand Saubhagyavati'' (1963) .... Usha

''Ziddi (1964 film)'' (1964) .... Asha Singh

''Mere Sanam'' (1965) .... Neena Mehra

''Teesri Manzil'' (1966) .... Sunita

''Love in Tokyo'' (1966) .... Asha

''Do Badan'' (1966) .... Asha

''Aaye Din Bahar Ke'' (1966) .... Kanchan

''Upkar'' (1967) .... Kavita

''Baharon Ke Sapne'' (1967) .... Geeta

''Shikar'' (1968) .... Kiran

''Kahin Aur Chal'' (1968)

''Sajan (1969 film)'' (1969) .... Rajni

''Pyar Ka Mausam'' (1969) .... Seema Kumar

''Mahal'' (1969) ....Roopa Devi

''Kanyadan (film)'' (1969) .... Rekha

''Chirag'' (1969) .... Asha Chibber

''Aya Sawan Jhoom Ke'' (1969) .... Aarti

''Pagla Kahin Ka'' (1970) ....Dr. Shalini ("Shalu")

''Naya Raasta'' (1970) .... Shallo

''Kati Patang'' (1970) .... Madhavi ("Madhu")

''Kankan De Ole'' (Punjabi) (1970)

''Bhai-Bhai'' (1970) .... Taaj

''Aan Milo Sajna'' (1970) .... Varsha/Deepali

''Nadaan'' (1971) .... Seema

''Mera Gaon Mera Desh'' (1971) .... Anju

''Jwala'' (1971) (as Ashaparekh)....Ranjana

''Jawan Mohabbat'' (1971) .... Komal Mathur

''Caravan'' (1971) .... Sunita/Soni

''Samadhi'' (1972) .... Champa

''Rakhi Aur Hathkadi'' (1972) .... Janki/Kiran

''Heera (film)'' (1973) .... Asha

''Anjaan Raahen'' (1974) .... Geeta

''Rani Aur Lalpari'' (1975) .... Kamla

''Zakhmee'' (1975) .... Asha

''Udhar Ka Sindur'' (1976) .... Shanta

''Kulvadhu'' (1977) .... Chandan

''Adha Din Adhi Raat'' (1977)

''Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki'' (1978) .... Tulsi Chouhan

''Prem Vivah'' (1979)

''Bin Phere Hum Tere'' (1979) .... Jamuna

''Sau Din Saas Ke'' (1980) .... Sheela

''Bulundi'' (1980)

''Khel Muqaddar Ka'' (1981)

''Kaalia'' (1981) .... Shanti

''Pakhandi'' (1984)

''Dharam Aur Kanoon'' (1984)

''Manzil Manzil'' (1984) .... Vijay's mom

''Lava (film)'' (1985) .... Amar's mom

''Car Thief (film)'' (1986) .... Mrs. Mehera

''Sagar Sangam'' (1988)

''Main Tere Liye'' (1988) .... Priti

''Hamara Khandaan'' (1988) .... Sharda Singh (Vishal's mom)

''Hum To Chale Pardes'' (1988)

''Hathyar (1989 film)'' (1989) .... Avinash's mother

''Batwara'' (1989) .... Bade Thakur's wife

''Professor Ki Padosan'' (1993) .... Shobha (Prof's Wife)

''Bhagyawan'' (1994) .... Savitri

''Ghar Ki Izzat'' (1994) .... Seeta

''Andolan'' (1995)

''Sar Aankhon Par'' (1999)....Herself

Awards and nominations

# Filmfare Award Nomination as Best Actress for Chirag(1969) # Filmfare Best Actress Award for Kati Patang(1970) # Filmfare Award Nomination as Best Supporting Actress for Udhar Ka Sindoor(1976) # Filmfare Award Nomination as Best Supporting Actress for Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki (1978) # Padma Shri awarded in the Arts (1992) # Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award (2002) # Indian Motion Picture Producers' Association(IMPPA) felicitated Asha for her outstanding contribution to the Indian film industry (2003) # Kalakar Award--Lifetime Achievement Award (2004) # International Indian Film Academy Awards for outstanding achievement in Indian cinema (2006) # Saptarang Ke Saptashee Award (2006) # Gujarati Association of North America (GANA)'s First International Gujarati Convention-Lifetime Achievement Award (2006) # Pune International Film Festival—Lifetime Achievement Award (2007) # Bollywood Award—Lifetime Achievement Award (2007) # Living Legend Award from the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry(FICCI). # Film Federation of India honored Asha at its Golden Jubilee celebration ceremony-(2008) # Sahyadri Navratna Award given to Asha for being a "woman of substance" (2008) # Solitaire for Life Award from the ABN Amro Solitaire Design Awards show (2008) # Nashik International Film Festival-Lifetime Achievement Award (2009) # 'Lachchu Mahraj Puraskar' Award for Asha's contribution to dance and acting (2009) # 40th International Film Festival of India felicitated Asha for completing 50 years in Hindi cinema (2009) # 'Legends Live Forever Award' from the Immortal Memories Event (2009) # Golden Laurel Award—Ninth Gr8 Women Achievers Awards (2010) # Prakarti Ratan Award (2010) # Jaipur International Film Festival—Lifetime Achievement Award (2011) # Legendary Icon Cine Artist Award-Dadasaheb Phalke Academy Awards (2011)

References

External links

http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/jun/10dinesh.htm

* http://www.musicindiaonline.com/n/i/hindi/694/

http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=14123471

http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/interview.php?id=13541479&cid;=2398

http://www.indiantelevision.com/interviews/y2k3/producer/ashaparekh.htm

http://www.mid-day.com/smd/play/2004/june/85008.htm (Asha Parekh's recipe and the kind of food she likes.)

http://www.screenindia.com/jan28/tele3.htm (interview and photograph of Asha Parekh talking about directing her television serials.)

Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Hindi film actors Category:Indian actors Category:Indian film actors Category:Gujarati-language films Category:Living people Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri Category:1942 births Category:Indian Jains

hi:आशा पारेख ml:ആശ പരേഖ്