Coordinates	56°51′45″N35°55′27″N
name	The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
title orig	Män som hatar kvinnor
translator	Reg Keeland, pseudonym of Steven T. Murray
author	Stieg Larsson
country	Sweden
language	Swedish
series	Millennium series
genre	Crime / Mystery novel
publisher	Norstedts Förlag (Swedish)
pub date	2005
english pub date	2008
media type	Print (paperback, hardback)
isbn	ISBN 978-91-1-301408-1 (Swedish) ISBN 978-1-84724-253-2 (English)
oclc	186764078
followed by	The Girl Who Played with Fire }}

''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (original title in – "Men Who Hate Women") is an award-winning crime novel and locked room mystery by Swedish author and journalist Stieg Larsson, the first in his "Millennium series".

At his death in November 2004, Larsson left three unpublished novels that made up the trilogy. It became a posthumous best-seller in several European countries as well as in the United States. Larsson witnessed the gang rape of a young girl when he was 15. He never forgave himself for failing to help the girl, whose name was Lisbeth – like the young heroine of his books, herself a rape victim, which inspired the theme of sexual violence against women in his books.

Introduction

This novel supplies a genealogical table to understand the relationships of the five generation-old Vanger family who, in the novel, are under investigation. Robert Dessaix of the ''Sydney Morning Herald'' writes:

With the exception of the fictional Hedestad, the novel takes place in real Swedish towns. The ''Millennium'' magazine featured in the books has characteristics similar to that of Larsson's magazine, ''Expo'', which also had financial difficulties.

Plot summary

Mikael Blomkvist, disgraced publisher of the Swedish political magazine ''Millennium'', lost a libel case involving allegations about billionaire industrialist Hans-Erik Wennerström and is sentenced to three months in prison. Blomkvist steps down from the magazine's board of directors. At the same time, he is offered a freelance assignment by Henrik Vanger, the former CEO of Vanger Enterprises, which he accepts — unaware that Vanger commissioned an investigation into Blomkvist's personal and professional history carried out by private investigator Lisbeth Salander.

The old man draws Blomkvist in by promising not only financial reward for the assignment, but also solid evidence against Wennerström. Blomkvist agrees to spend a year writing the Vanger family history as a cover for the solving the case of the disappearance of Vanger's niece Harriet some 40 years earlier. Vanger believes that Harriet was murdered by a member of the Vanger family. Each year on his birthday Harriet gave Henrik a pressed flower, which Vanger continues to receive by mail every year - which he believes is done by the murderer in order to taunt him. Blomkvist moves to the Vanger estate and becomes acquainted with the extended family, most of whom resent his presence.

Meanwhile, Salander meets her new legal guardian, Nils Bjurman. Nils uses his position to extort sexual favors from her in return for access to the money from her own financial accounts. After two sexual assaults, Salander attacks Bjurman, she tattoos him and blackmailing him with the release of a video of him raping her in return for full control of her bank accounts.

Blomkvist discovers Salander and realises that she has hacked into his computer. He persuades her to assist him with research. Together, they discover entries in Harriet's diary that list the names of missing women from across Sweden; this leads them to suspect that they are on the trail of a serial killer, who has been at large for decades. The names are attached to Bible verses describing brutal forms of divine retribution. They discover that Harriet's brother Martin, now CEO of Vanger Industries, is the serial killer. Salander saves Blomkvist's life when Martin attempts to kill him, and Martin is killed in a car accident while escaping Salander's pursuit.

Blomkvist realizes that Martin did not know what had happened to Harriet and therefore, Harriet must still be alive. He tracks her down as a rich farmer and businesswoman in Australia and persuades her to return to Sweden. Blomkvist agrees with Harriet and Henrik not to publish any evidence he has found on the Vanger family and to keep the family's secrets to himself. In exchange the family makes large annual donations to charities which support victims of domestic violence.

Vanger's evidence regarding Wennerström proves to be insubstantial. However Salander breaks into Wennerström's computer and discovers that his crimes go far beyond what Blomkvist documented. Using her evidence, Blomkvist prints an exposé and book which destroys Wennerström, who is later found dead under suspicious circumstances. The exposé catapults Blomkvist and ''Millennium'' to national prominence. Meanwhile Salander - using her phenomenal skill with computer hacking and several false identities with which she approaches various Swiss banks - succeeds in stealing more than a quarter of a billion dollars from Wennerström's secret bank account and hiding it in various secret bank accounts of her own.

Characters

Mikael Blomkvist, journalist, publisher of ''Millennium'' magazine, and amateur sleuth. Early in his career, he was compared to Astrid Lindgren's fictional boy detective Kalle Blomkvist (in the English translation, Bill Bergson), and the nickname stuck.

Lisbeth Salander, antisocial but extremely intelligent hacker and researcher, specialising in investigating people. She has a photographic memory, and is believed by Blomkvist to have Asperger syndrome. She has been compared to Pippi Longstocking, and a colleague has stated that Larsson conceived Salander partly as a "grown up Pippi Longstocking".

Henrik Vanger, retired industrialist and former CEO of Vanger Corporation.

Martin Vanger, brother of Harriet and CEO of the Vanger Corporation.

Cecilia Vanger, daughter of Harald Vanger, and one of Henrik's nieces.

Hans-Erik Wennerström, corrupt Swedish industrialist and Blomkvist's nemesis.

Harriet Vanger, Henrik's great-niece (usually referred to as his niece) and Gottfried's daughter who vanished 40 years ago.

Holger Palmgren, lawyer, and earlier guardian of Lisbeth Salander.

Nils Bjurman, corrupt lawyer and guardian of Lisbeth Salander after taking over from Palmgren.

Anita Vanger, Cecilia's sister.

Birger Vanger, Anita and Cecilia's brother.

Erika Berger, editor of ''Millennium'', friend and on-and-off lover of Blomkvist's.

Dirch Frode, lawyer for Vanger Corporation, and main friend and assistant to Henrik Vanger.

Dragan Armansky, director of Milton Security, Salander's boss and quasi-father figure.

Christer Malm, Art director and designer of ''Millennium''. Also part owner of the magazine together with Berger and Blomkvist.

Gustaf Morell, Retired Detective superintendent (inspector while investigating Harriet’s disappearance).

Isabella Vanger, Harriet and Martin Vanger's mother and wife of the late Gottfried Vanger.

Gottfried Vanger, (deceased) father of Harriet and Martin. An abusive alcoholic with neo-Nazi sympathies.

Jan Köbin, with whom Mikael Blomkvist entrusts the printing of his book on the Wennerström affair as well as other special printings throughout the whole series. In Stieg Larsson's real life, he was the owner of Hallvigs Reklam AB in Morgongåva. Köbin used his own car to deliver copies of ''Expo'', the magazine cofounded by Larsson and Eva Gabrielsson, on time. In her book ''"There Are Things I Want You to Know" About Stieg Larsson and Me'', Gabrielsson describes the resistance that ''Expo'' faced in Sweden, and Larsson's inclusion of Köbin in his novels as him "pa[ying] homage... to an 'ordinary hero'..."

Major themes

Larsson makes several literary references to the genre's classic forerunners, and comments on contemporary Swedish society. Reviewer Dessaix writes that "His favourite targets are violence against women, the incompetence and cowardice of investigative journalists, the moral bankruptcy of big capital and the virulent strain of Nazism still festering away ..." in Swedish society.

Larsson further enters the debate as to how responsible criminals are for their crimes and how much is blamed on upbringing or society. Salander has a strong will and assumes that everyone else does, too. She is portrayed as having suffered every kind of abuse in her young life, including an unjustly ordered commitment to a psychiatric clinic and subsequent instances of sexual assault suffered at the hands of her court-appointed guardian. Since she holds others responsible for their actions, she takes revenge on those who abuse others.

Reception and awards

The novel was released to great acclaim in Sweden and later, on its publication in many other European countries. In the original language, it won Sweden's Glass Key Award in 2006 for best crime novel of the year. It also won the 2008 Boeke Prize, and in 2009 the Galaxy British Book Awards for Books Direct Crime Thriller of the Year, and the prestigious Anthony Award for Best First Novel.

Larsson was posthumously awarded the ITV3 Crime Thriller Award for International Author of the Year in 2008.

In a review for ''The New York Times'' upon the book's September 2008 publication in the United States, Alex Berenson said "The novel offers a thoroughly ugly view of human nature"; while it "opens with an intriguing mystery" and the "middle section of ''Girl'' is a treat, the rest of the novel doesn't quite measure up. The book's original Swedish title was ''Men Who Hate Women'', a label that just about captures the subtlety of the novel's sexual politics." The ''Los Angeles Times'' said "the book takes off, in the fourth chapter: From there, it becomes classic parlor crime fiction with many modern twists....The writing is not beautiful, clipped at times (though that could be the translation by Reg Keeland) and with a few too many falsely dramatic endings to sections or chapters. But it is a compelling, well-woven tale that succeeds in transporting the reader to rural Sweden for a good crime story." Several months later, Matt Selman said the book "rings false with piles of easy super-victories and far-fetched one-in-a-million clue-findings."

As of June 3rd, 2011, ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' has sold over 3.4 million copies in hardcover or ebook formats, and 15 million copies altogether.

Film adaptations

The Swedish film production company Yellow Bird created film versions of the ''Millennium Trilogy'' – ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (Swedish title: ''Män som hatar kvinnor'', "Men Who Hate Women"), ''The Girl Who Played with Fire'' (Swedish title: ''Flickan som lekte med elden'', "The Girl Who Played with Fire") and ''The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest'' (Swedish title: ''Luftslottet som sprängdes'', "The Air Castle that was Blown Up"). The films are co-produced with Nordisk Film and TV company, with Danish filmmaker Niels Arden Oplev directing the 1st and Daniel Alfredson directing the 2nd & 3rd.

Filming began in early 2008, and ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' opened in Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland in February–March 2009. In Norway and Denmark, it is the most viewed Swedish film ever, and in Sweden total admissions are above one million.

The films have been sold to Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Iceland, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Greece,Spain,Portugal, Belgium, the Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Poland, Turkey, Mexico and the United States.

The film was acquired for theatrical and home video release by arthouse distributor Music Box Films. It had its American premiere on March 6, 2010 at the Miami Film Festival titled ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo''. The film opened in US theaters in limited release on March 19, 2010.

''Played with Fire'' and ''Hornets' Nest'' were released in the United States in 2010 by Music Box Films. ''Men Who Hate Women'' opened in France on 13 May, and in Italy and Spain on 29 May 2009.

''Played with Fire'' opened simultaneously in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark on 18 September 2009.

''Hornet's Nest'' was released 27 November 2009 in Sweden, Norway, Iceland, Denmark and Finland in January 2010.

In the UK, ''The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo'' opened to critical acclaim in March 2010 and made more than £2 million at the box office. Sales of the DVD on its 19 July release have made it the highest selling foreign language title of the year in the UK. ''The Girl Who Played with Fire'' was released in cinemas the UK on 27 August and the final installment, ''The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest'' is set for release on 26 November.

Producer Søren Stærmose of Yellow Bird, who holds the screen rights to the books, has been approached by directors including Ridley Scott, and Martin Scorsese.

On December 16, 2009, leading Swedish newspaper ''Svenska Dagbladet'' reported that Sony Pictures Entertainment are in final negotiations with Yellow Bird about the film rights according to Yellow Bird Managing Director Mikael Wallén. Steve Zaillian has been in discussions to adapt the first book.

In 2010, David Fincher directed a Hollywood adaptation of the book, for release in December 2011. According to ''The Guardian'', George Clooney, Johnny Depp, and Brad Pitt were all interested in playing the central role of Mikael Blomkvist, but Daniel Craig was officially confirmed as the lead in July. On August 16, 2010, it was officially confirmed that Rooney Mara will play Lisbeth Salander. Robin Wright is currently in talks to play Erika Berger, while Christopher Plummer and Stellan Skarsgård are attached to play Henrik and Martin Vanger. Trent Reznor also recently announced that he would be joining Fincher once again and creating the soundtrack.{{cite web [url=http://www.nin.com]}

See also

''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (2009 film)

''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (2011 film)

''Millennium'' (Swedish miniseries)

References

Publication details

2005, Swedish, Norstedts (ISBN 978-91-1-301408-1), pub date August? 2005, paperback (poss 1st edition)

2008, UK, MacLehose Press, (Quercus Imprint) (ISBN 978-1-84724-253-2), pub date 10 January 2008, hardback (trans as ''The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo'' by Reg Keeland)

2008, US, Alfred A. Knopf (ISBN 978-0-307-26975-1), pub date 16 September 2008, hardback

External links

Category:2005 novels Category:Crime novels Category:Mystery novels Category:Swedish novels Category:Millennium series Category:Incest in fiction Category:Posthumous novels Category:Rape in fiction Category:Novels set in Sweden Category:Novels about journalists

ca:Els homes que no estimaven les dones cs:Muži, kteří nenávidí ženy da:Mænd der hader kvinder de:Verblendung (Roman) es:Los hombres que no amaban a las mujeres eu:Emakumeak gorrotatzen zituzten gizonak fr:Les Hommes qui n'aimaient pas les femmes is:Karlar sem hata konur it:Uomini che odiano le donne he:נערה עם קעקוע דרקון nl:Mannen die vrouwen haten (boek) no:Menn som hater kvinner pl:Mężczyźni, którzy nienawidzą kobiet pt:Os Homens que Não Amavam as Mulheres ru:Девушка с татуировкой дракона fi:Miehet jotka vihaavat naisia sv:Millennium-serien#Män som hatar kvinnor zh:带龙纹身的女孩

Coordinates	56°51′45″N35°55′27″N
name	Garota de Ipanema
artist	Antônio Carlos Jobim
genre	Bossa nova
language	Portuguese
writer	Vinícius de MoraesNorman Gimbel (English lyrics)
composer	Antônio Carlos Jobim
misc	}}

"''Garota de Ipanema''" ("The Girl from Ipanema") is a well-known bossa nova song, a worldwide hit in the mid-1960s that won a Grammy for Record of the Year in 1965. It was written in 1962, with music by Antonio Carlos Jobim and Portuguese lyrics by Vinicius de Moraes. English lyrics were written later by Norman Gimbel.

The first commercial recording was in 1962, by Pery Ribeiro. The version performed by Astrud Gilberto, along with João Gilberto and Stan Getz, from the 1964 album ''Getz/Gilberto'', became an international hit, reaching number five in the United States pop chart, number 29 in the United Kingdom, and charting highly throughout the world. Numerous recordings have been used in films, sometimes as an elevator music cliché (for example, near the end of ''The Blues Brothers''). In 2004, it was one of 50 recordings chosen that year by the Library of Congress to be added to the National Recording Registry.

History

Ipanema is a seaside neighborhood located in the southern region of the city of Rio de Janeiro.

The song was composed for a musical comedy titled ''Dirigível'' (''Blimp''), then a work-in-progress of Vinícius de Moraes. The original title was "Menina que Passa" ("The Girl Who Passes By"); the famous first verse was different. Jobim composed the melody on his piano in his new house in Rua Barão da Torre, in Ipanema. In turn, Moraes had written the lyrics in Petrópolis, near Rio de Janeiro, as he had done with "Chega de Saudade" ("No More Blues") six years earlier.

The song was inspired by Heloísa Eneida Menezes Paes Pinto (now Helô Pinheiro), a fifteen-year-old girl living on Montenegro Street in the fashionable Ipanema district in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Daily, she would stroll past the popular Veloso bar-café, not just to the beach ("each day when she walks to the sea"), but in the everyday course of her life. She would sometimes enter the bar to buy cigarettes for her mother and leave to the sound of wolf-whistles. In the winter of 1962, the composers watched the girl pass by the bar, and it is easy to imagine why they noticed her—Helô was a 173-cm (five-foot eight-inch) brunette, and she attracted the attention of many of the bar patrons. Since the song became popular, she has become a celebrity.

In ''Revelação: a verdadeira Garota de Ipanema'' (''Revealed: The Real Girl from Ipanema'') Moraes wrote she was:

:"o paradigma do broto carioca; a moça dourada, misto de flor e sereia, cheia de luz e de graça mas cuja a visão é também triste, pois carrega consigo, a caminho do mar, o sentimento da mocidade que passa, da beleza que não é só nossa—é um dom da vida em seu lindo e melancólico fluir e refluir constante."

Translation:

:"the paradigm of the young Carioca: a golden teenage girl, a mixture of flower and mermaid, full of light and grace, the sight of whom is also sad, in that she carries with her, on her route to the sea, the feeling of youth that fades, of the beauty that is not ours alone—it is a gift of life in its beautiful and melancholic constant ebb and flow."

Legal disputes

In 2001, the song's copyright owners (heirs of their composer fathers) sued Pinheiro for using the title of the song as the name of her boutique (Garota de Ipanema). In their complaint, they stated that her status as The Girl from Ipanema (Garota de Ipanema) does not entitle her to use a name that legally belongs to the heirs. Public support was strongly in favor of Pinheiro. A press release by Jobim and Moraes, the composers, in which they had named Pinheiro as the real Girl from Ipanema (Garota de Ipanema) was evidence that they had intended to bestow this title on her. The court ruled in favor of Pinheiro.

In a separate legal dispute, Astrud Gilberto sued Frito-Lay for trademark infringement for using the song in a TV ad for its baked potato chips. Gilberto argued that

as the result of the huge success of the 1964 recording, and her frequent subsequent performances of "Ipanema," she has become known as The Girl from Ipanema and is identified by the public with the 1964 recording. She claims as a result to have earned trademark rights in the 1964 recording, which she contends the public recognizes as a mark designating her as a singer. She contends, therefore, that Frito-Lay could not lawfully use the 1964 recording in an advertisement for its chips without her permission.

In ''Oliveria v. Frito-Lay Inc.'' (2001), her claims were rejected by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

Disco version

In 1977, a disco version of "The Girl from Ipanema" by Astrud Gilberto was released, produced by Vincent Montana featuring a distinct Salsoul style disco sound.

In the film ''Vegas Vacation'', the song is used during a scene on the plane.

The instrumental version was played in a 2005 episode of ''Everybody Loves Raymond'' titled "The Power of No".

The Boy from Ipanema

When sung by female artists the song has often been rendered as "The Boy from Ipanema".

See also

List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1964 (U.S.)

References

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120917/soundtrack

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjglB04TOno (Rush in Rio) La Villa Strangiato

External links

astrudgilberto.com Astrud Gilberto

+History of BOSSA NOVA with audio and video samples, by ABDB

Journalist Scott Vogel visits the "girl from Ipanema", now in her 60s

Category:1962 songs Category:1964 singles Category:1960s jazz standards Category:Bossa nova jazz standards Category:Nat King Cole songs Category:Kaori Iida songs Category:Ella Fitzgerald songs Category:Frank Sinatra songs Category:Grammy Award for Record of the Year Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients Category:Songs with lyrics by Norman Gimbel Category:Songs with music by Antonio Carlos Jobim Category:Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles Category:United States National Recording Registry recordings Category:Brazilian songs Category:Portuguese-language songs Category:Songs with lyrics by Vinicius de Moraes

de:The Girl from Ipanema es:Garota de Ipanema fr:A Garota de Ipanema gl:Garota de Ipanema ko:이파네마에서 온 소녀 id:Garota de Ipanema it:Garota de Ipanema he:הנערה מאיפנמה nl:Garota de Ipanema ja:イパネマの娘 no:Jenta fra Ipanema pl:The Girl from Ipanema pt:Garota de Ipanema ru:Garota de Ipanema fi:Garota de Ipanema th:Garota de Ipanema tr:The Girl from Ipanema zh:伊帕內瑪姑娘

Coordinates	56°51′45″N35°55′27″N
Name	David Fincher
Birth name	David Andrew Leo Fincher
Birth date	August 28, 1962
Birth place	Denver, Colorado, US
Death date
Other names	Dave Fincher, Davey, Finch,
Occupation	Film director, film producer, music video director
Years active	1984–present
Spouse	Donya Fiorentino(1990–95)
Website	}}

David Andrew Leo Fincher (born August 28, 1962) is an American film and music video director. Known for his dark and stylish thrillers, such as ''Seven'' (1995), ''The Game'' (1997), ''Fight Club'' (1999), ''Panic Room'' (2002), and ''Zodiac'' (2007), Fincher received Academy Award nominations for Best Director for his 2008 film ''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'' and his 2010 film ''The Social Network'', which also won him the Golden Globe and the BAFTA for Best Director. His next film will be 2011's ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', an English-language adaptation of Stieg Larsson's novel of the same name.

Early life and career

Fincher was born on August 28, 1962 in Denver, Colorado, the son of Claire Mae (née Boettcher), a mental health nurse who worked in drug addiction programs, and Howard Kelly Fincher, who worked as a bureau chief for ''Life'' under the name Jack Fincher. When Fincher was two years old, the family moved to San Anselmo in Marin County, California. Fincher moved to Ashland, Oregon in his teens, where he graduated from Ashland High School. Inspired by ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'', Fincher began making movies at age eight with an 8 mm camera. Fincher eschewed the film school route, getting a job loading cameras and doing other hands-on work for John Korty’s Korty Films. He was later hired by Industrial Light & Magic in 1983, where he worked on productions for ''Twice Upon a Time'', ''Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi'', and ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom''. In 1984, he left ILM to direct a commercial for the American Cancer Society, that would show a fetus smoking a cigarette. This quickly brought Fincher to the attention of producers in Los Angeles and he was given the chance to direct the documentary ''The Beat of the Live Drum'' featuring Rick Springfield in 1985. Though he would continue to direct spots for companies like Revlon, Converse, Nike, Pepsi, Sony, and Levi's, Fincher soon discovered music videos and went on to direct many promos.

Propaganda Films

Set on a directing career, Fincher joined video-production company Propaganda Films and started off directing music videos and commercials. Like Fincher, other directors such as Michael Bay, Samuel Bayer, Meiert Avis, David Kellogg, Antoine Fuqua, Neil LaBute, Spike Jonze, Mark Romanek, Michel Gondry, Paul Rachman, Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski, and Alex Proyas honed their talents at Propaganda Films before moving on to feature films.

Music videos

Fincher directed big budget music videos for artists such as Madonna (including "Express Yourself", "Vogue", "Oh Father" and "Bad Girl"), Billy Idol ("Cradle of Love"), Paula Abdul (including "(It's Just) The Way That You Love Me", "Straight Up", "Forever Your Girl" and "Cold Hearted"), Aerosmith ("Janie's Got a Gun"), The Rolling Stones (including "Love Is Strong"), Nine Inch Nails ("Only"), A Perfect Circle ("Judith"), Jody Watley (including "Real Love" and "Most of All"), Rick Springfield, Steve Winwood, Neneh Cherry ("Heart"), George Michael ("Freedom '90"), The Motels "Shame", Michael Jackson ("Who Is It"), The Wallflowers, Wire Train and The Outfield, including "All the Love (in the World)", "Every Time You Cry" and "No Surrender".

Features

''Alien 3''

After directing several music videos, Fincher's feature debut was ''Alien 3'' (1992). While it received an Oscar nomination for special effects, the film was not well received by critics or moviegoers. Fincher became involved with several disputes with 20th Century Fox over script and budget issues. In "The Director’s Cut", he blames the producers for not putting the necessary trust in him. After this, Fincher retreated back into the world of commercial and music video directing, including the video for the Grammy Award winning track "Love Is Strong" (1994) by The Rolling Stones.

''Seven''

In 1995, Fincher directed ''Seven''. The film, based on a screenplay by Andrew Kevin Walker, told the story of two detectives (played in the movie by Brad Pitt and Morgan Freeman) tracking down a serial killer who bases his killings on the seven deadly sins. The film grossed more than $100 million domestically (over $300 million internationally). The chairman of New Line Cinema, Arnold Kopelson, originally refused to allow filming of the shocking climactic scene. With the aid of Brad Pitt, who stated that he would not be involved with the picture if its ending were changed, Fincher was allowed to film the original scene and use it in the final cut.

''The Game''

After the success of ''Seven'', Fincher went on to film ''The Game'' (1997). The story focused on a closed-off San Francisco businessman (played by Michael Douglas) who receives an unusual gift from his younger brother (Sean Penn), in which he becomes the main player of a role-playing game that takes over his life. The film had middling box-office returns despite being well-received by critics.

''Fight Club''

''Fight Club'' was a screen adaptation of Chuck Palahniuk’s novel of the same name about an insomniac office worker who opens up a club devoted exclusively to bare knuckle fighting for men. Featuring Edward Norton, Helena Bonham Carter, and ''Seven'' collaborator Brad Pitt, the 1999 film was an early disappointment at the box-office and received mixed reviews. ''Fight Club'' was panned by several critics and alienated audiences leading to its box office failure in the United States.

However, many critics and audiences later changed their perceptions and the film appeared on many 'best of the year' lists and soon developed a following. ''Entertainment Weekly'', which had originally given the film a D-, later ranked the DVD #1 on its list of 50 Essential DVDs. Exceptional sales have since established it as a cult film.

In 2006 the British magazine ''Total Film'' voted ''Fight Club'' number four in the 100 Greatest Movies of All Time, beaten only by ''Jaws'', ''Vertigo'' and ''Goodfellas'' at 3, 2 and 1 respectively.

''Panic Room''

In 2002, Fincher followed up with the thriller ''Panic Room''. The film earned over $92 million at the U.S. box office. The story follows a single mother (Jodie Foster) and her daughter (Kristen Stewart) as they hide in a safe room of their new house, away from criminals (Forest Whitaker, Dwight Yoakam and ''Fight Club'' collaborator Jared Leto) bent on finding a missing fortune. Fincher acknowledged ''Panic Room'' as a more mainstream thriller, describing the film, on the DVD's audio commentary, as "[basically] a date movie" and a "really good B movie" about "two people trapped in a closet".

''Zodiac''

Five years after ''Panic Room'', Fincher returned on March 2, 2007 with ''Zodiac'', an adaptation of Robert Graysmith’s books about the hunt for the Zodiac Killer that starred Jake Gyllenhaal, Mark Ruffalo, Robert Downey, Jr., Anthony Edwards, and Brian Cox. The first of Fincher’s films to be shot digitally, the majority of the film was recorded on a Thompson Viper Film Stream Camera. However, high-speed film cameras were used for the Blue Rock Springs and Presidio Heights murder scenes for the slow-motion shots. It was originally to be released in the fall of 2006 but was pushed back after Fincher refused to cut 20 minutes off the film.

''Zodiac'' was one of the best-reviewed films of that year, with only two other 2007 films appearing on more top-10 lists (''No Country for Old Men'' and ''There Will Be Blood''). However, the film struggled at the box office in the U.S., earning only $33 million, but did well overseas with a foreign gross of $51.7 million. Worldwide, ''Zodiac'' was a decent success. Despite an aggressive campaign by the studio, expectations surrounding Robert Downey, Jr.’s supporting performance, Fincher’s direction and Vanderbilt’s adapted script, the film did not earn a single Academy Award nomination.

''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button''

A story about life and death, ''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'' is an adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s short story of the same name. The film was Fincher’s third with Brad Pitt. The film started shooting in November 2006 in New Orleans, before moving on to the Virgin Islands, Montreal, and L.A.. Both ''Zodiac'' and this film are co-productions of Paramount Pictures and Warner Bros.. The budget for the film was estimated at $150 million, partly due to the CGI effects used to reverse the aging in Brad Pitt’s character. The film is the first PG-13 film directed by Fincher. It received 13 nominations at the 81st Academy Awards, including Fincher's first nomination for Best Director.

''The Social Network''

Fincher directed the 2010 film ''The Social Network'', about the legal battles of Mark Zuckerberg and the founding of Facebook. The film features an Oscar-winning screenplay by Aaron Sorkin, adapted from the book ''The Accidental Billionaires''. Featuring a young cast ensemble, the film is produced by Scott Rudin, Kevin Spacey and Michael DeLuca. Filming started in October 2009 and was released a year later, to critical acclaim. Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross created the Oscar-winning soundtrack for the film, Fincher had long been a fan of Reznor's work in Nine Inch Nails, even putting a remix of "Closer" in the beginning of ''Seven'' and directing the music video for "Only". The film went on to win many awards, including four Golden Globes (including Best Motion Picture - Drama and Best Director), three BAFTAs (including Best Direction), and three Academy Awards.

''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo''

Fincher has begun filming of the American version of ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', which is based on the book by Stieg Larsson, with a script written by Steven Zaillian. The film is being shot in Sweden with Rooney Mara as Lisbeth Salander, Daniel Craig as Mikael Blomkvist, Robin Wright as Erika Berger, Stellan Skarsgård as Martin Vanger, and Christopher Plummer as Henrik Vanger. The film is expected to be released on December 21, 2011. Along with ''Dragon Tattoo'', Fincher and Zaillian have signed a two picture deal to also adapt ''The Girl Who Played with Fire'', and ''The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest'', which will be shot back to back if ''Dragon Tattoo'' is successful. Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross are currently creating the soundtrack for the film (their second collaboration with Fincher).

Future projects

''The Killer''

On November 1, 2007, ''Variety'' reported that Fincher was attached to do an adaptation of a French graphic novel called ''The Killer'' by Alexis Nolent, which was optioned by Paramount Pictures and Brad Pitt’s Plan B Entertainment, with Pitt attached to star in the film. Scripted by Allesandro Camon, the film is about a top assassin, with his conscience getting the better of him, and a cop on his tail.

''The Reincarnation of Peter Proud''

An announcement was made on November 9, 2009 that Andrew Kevin Walker and David Fincher will re-team for the remake of the 1975 film ''The Reincarnation of Peter Proud''. This marks the fifth time Andrew Kevin Walker and Fincher will work together. Walker wrote Fincher's 1995 thriller ''Seven'', did uncredited rewrites for ''Fight Club'' and ''The Game'' and made a cameo appearance in ''Panic Room''.

''Ness''

On September 5, 2008, Firstshowing.net reported that Matt Damon is in talks to play Eliot Ness in ''Ness'' with Fincher lined up to direct an adaptation of the graphic novel ''Torso'' by Brian Michael Bendis and Marc Andreyko, and that the producers were looking for locations in Cleveland, Ohio.

''Heavy Metal''

''Variety'' reported that Paramount Pictures will make another animated film with David Fincher, based on the ''Heavy Metal'' comics. Fincher is set to direct one of the film’s eight or nine segments, which will also feature other directors such as animator Tim Miller and magazine owner and publisher Kevin Eastman directing another. The film is envisioned as being an animated, adult-themed R-rated film. On July 14, 2008 Paramount Pictures announced the movie is put on hold. On September 4, 2008, it was announced the film was to be made by Columbia Pictures, and a few of the directors attached to make a segment each includes Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski and Guillermo del Toro, as well as James Cameron.

''20,000 Leagues Under the Sea''

Fincher is currently attached to direct ''20,000 Leagues Under the Sea'' for Walt Disney Pictures, based on the Jules Verne novel of the same name.

''Rendezvous with Rama''

Fincher has been attempting to make a film based on the science fiction novel of the same name written by Arthur C. Clarke with Morgan Freeman cast in the lead. In 2008, Fincher announced he was no longer making the film due to Freeman's health, but Freeman said in late 2010 that Fincher is "still part of the conversation."

''House of Cards''

Fincher has agreed to direct the first Netflix original television series, starring Kevin Spacey. The show will be called House of Cards and will air in late 2012.

Collaborators

Acting

Fincher often casts certain actors more than once in his films. Fincher has consistently worked with Richmond Arquette, Bob Stephenson, Christopher John Fields, Brad Pitt and Joel Bissonnette.

! Actor	! class="collapsible" >''Alien 3'' (1992)	! class="collapsible"	! class="collapsible"	! class="collapsible"	! ''Panic Room'' (2002)	! ''Zodiac (film)>Zodiac'' (2007)	! ''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)>The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'' (2008)	! ''The Social Network'' (2010)	! ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)>The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (2011)
! Richmond Arquette	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Joel Bissonnette	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! John Cassini	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Christopher John Fields	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Rachel Flanagan	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Duffy Gaver	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! John Getz	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Zach Grenier	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Mark Boone Junior	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Elias Koteas	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Jared Leto	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Barry Livingston	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! George Maguire	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Rooney Mara	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Michael Massee	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Owen Masterson	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Angelina McCoy	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Holt McCallany	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Evan Mirand	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Brad Pitt	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Paul Schulze	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! David Lee Smith	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
Bob Stephenson (actor)>Bob Stephenson	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Matt Winston	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>

Other

Fincher also frequently works with the same crew across many films, notably Jeff Cronenweth, cinematographer, Ren Klyce, sound designer, and more recently Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross, composers.

! Collaborator, Role	! class="collapsible" >''Alien 3'' (1992)	! class="collapsible"	! class="collapsible"	! class="collapsible"	! ''Panic Room'' (2002)	! ''Zodiac (film)>Zodiac'' (2007)	! ''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)>The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'' (2008)	! ''The Social Network'' (2010)	! ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)>The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (2011)
! Kirk Baxter, Editor	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Donald Graham Burt, Production Designer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Jeff Cronenweth, Cinematographer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! James Haygood, Editor	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Darius Khondji, Cinematographer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Ren Klyce, Sound Designer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Laray Mayfield, Casting Director	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Trent Reznor, Composer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Atticus Ross, Composer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Scott Rudin, Producer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Harris Savides, Cinematographer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Howard Shore, Composer	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
! Andrew Kevin Walker, Screenwriter	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>
!Angus Wall, Editor	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>	>

Filmography

Theatrical films

''Alien 3'' (1992)

''Seven'' (1995)

''The Game'' (1997)

''Fight Club'' (1999)

''Panic Room'' (2002)

''Zodiac'' (2007)

''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'' (2008)

''The Social Network'' (2010)

''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'' (2011)

Music videos

"Dance This World Away", Rick Springfield (1984)

"Celebrate Youth", Rick Springfield (1984)

"Bop Til You Drop", Rick Springfield (1984)

"Shame", The Motels (1985)

"Shock", The Motels (1985)

"Celebrate Youth", Rick Springfield (1985)

"All The Love", The Outfield (1986)

"Every Time You Cry", The Outfield (1986)

"One Simple Thing", Stabilizers (1986)

"She Comes On", Wire Train (1987)

"Should She Cry", Wire Train (1987)

"Endless Nights", Eddie Money (1987)

"Downtown Train", Patty Smyth (1987)

"I Don't Mind At All", Bourgeois Tagg (1987)

"Notorious", Loverboy (1987)

"Love Will Rise Again", Loverboy (1987)

"Johnny B", The Hooters (1987)

"Storybook Story", Mark Knopfler (1987)

"Can I Hold You", Colin Hay (1987)

"No Surrender", The Outfield (1987)

"Say You Will", Foreigner (1987)

"Don't Tell Me The Time", The Motels (1987)

"Tell It To the Moon", The Motels (1988)

"Heart of Gold", Johnny Hates Jazz (1988)

"Englishman in New York", Sting (1988)

"Shattered Dreams" (second version),Johnny Hates Jazz (1988)

"Get Rhythm", Ry Cooder (1988)

"Most of All", Jody Watley (1988)

"Roll With It", Steve Winwood (1988)

"(It's Just) The Way That You Love Me" (version 1988), Paula Abdul (1988)

"Holding On", Steve Winwood (1988)

"Heart", Neneh Cherry (1989)

"Bamboleo" (second version), Gypsy Kings (1989)

"Straight Up", Paula Abdul (1989)

"Most Of All", Jody Watley (1989)

"Real Love", Jody Watley (1989)

"Bamboleo" (third version), Gypsy Kings (1989)

"She's a Mystery to Me", Roy Orbison (1989)

"Forever Your Girl", Paula Abdul (1989)

"Express Yourself", Madonna (1989)

"The End of the Innocence", Don Henley (1989)

"Cold Hearted", Paula Abdul (1989)

"(It's Just) The Way That You Love Me" (version 1989), Paula Abdul (1988)

"Oh Father", Madonna (1989)

"Janie's Got a Gun", Aerosmith (1989)

"Vogue", Madonna (1990)

"Cradle of Love", Billy Idol (1990)

"L.A. Woman", Billy Idol (1990)

"Freedom '90", George Michael (1990)

"Bad Girl", Madonna (1993)

"Who Is It?", Michael Jackson (1993)

"Love Is Strong", The Rolling Stones (1994)

"6th Avenue Heartache", The Wallflowers (1996)

"Judith", A Perfect Circle (2000)

"Only", Nine Inch Nails (2005)

Reception

Critical reception

85% 80% 81% 76% 89% 72% 97%

rowspan="2"	Film	Rotten Tomatoes		Metacritic
! Overall	! Top Critics
''Alien 3''	38%	N/A
''Seven (film)	Seven''	|	65%	65
''The Game (film)	The Game''	|	71%	61
''Fight Club (film)	Fight Club''	|	63%	66
''Panic Room''	|	71%	65
''Zodiac (film)	Zodiac''	|	81%	78
''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)	The Curious Case of Benjamin Button''	|	76%	70
''The Social Network''	|	100%	95
! Average !! 77.5% !! 75% !! 72

Box office

Film	Release date	Revenue	Budget	Reference
United States	Outside United States	Worldwide
''Alien 3''		$55,473,545	$104,340,953	$159,814,498		$50 million
''Seven''		$100,125,643	$227,186,216	$327,311,859	$33 million
''The Game''		$48,323,648	$61,100,000	$109,423,648	$50 million
''Fight Club''		$37,030,102	$63,823,651	$100,853,753	$63 million
''Panic Room''		$96,397,334	$100,000,081	$196,397,415	$48 million
''Zodiac''		$33,080,084	$51,705,830	$84,785,914	$65 million
''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button''		$127,509,326	$206,422,757	$333,932,083	$150 million
''The Social Network''		$94,342,092	$105,549,651	$208,988,743	$40 million
	$592,281,774	$920,129,139	$1,512,410,913	$509 million

Further reading

.

References

External links

David Fincher Blog at fincherfanatic.blogspot.com

Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database

Music Videos & Commercials at anonymous content

Fashion Meets Film: Director Edition - David Fincher

;Interviews

David Fincher interview with Paul Guyot of www.dvdtalk.com

David Fincher interview with Michael Moses of www.drdrew.com

David Fincher interview with Gavin Smith of edward-norton.org

''Esquire'' magazine interview with Fincher

IndieLondon interview with Fincher

David Fincher Didn't Want To Make 'Another Serial-Killer Movie' ... Until ''Zodiac'' Came Along – Part 1 interview with MTV

David Fincher Discusses Reunion With Brad Pitt, Possible ''Fight Club'' Musical – Part 2 interview with MTV

CHUD: Exclusive Interview: David Fincher

Movieweb: David Fincher Talks Zodiac: Director's Cut

LA Weekly – David Fincher discusses Zodiac's rising star

|- ! colspan="3" style="background: #DAA520;" | National Board of Review |- ! colspan="3" style="background: #DAA520;" | National Board of Review |-

Category:Grammy Award winners Category:American film directors Category:American music video directors Category:People from Ashland, Oregon Category:People from Denver, Colorado Category:1962 births Category:Living people

ar:ديفيد فينشر bs:David Fincher br:David Fincher bg:Дейвид Финчър ca:David Fincher cs:David Fincher cy:David Fincher da:David Fincher de:David Fincher el:Ντέιβιντ Φίντσερ es:David Fincher fa:دیوید فینچر fr:David Fincher ko:데이비드 핀처 id:David Fincher it:David Fincher he:דייוויד פינצ'ר lv:Deivids Finčers hu:David Fincher nl:David Fincher ja:デヴィッド・フィンチャー no:David Fincher pl:David Fincher pt:David Fincher ro:David Fincher ru:Финчер, Дэвид sq:David Fincher sk:David Fincher sl:David Fincher sr:Дејвид Финчер fi:David Fincher sv:David Fincher th:เดวิด ฟินเชอร์ tr:David Fincher uk:Девід Фінчер zh:大卫·芬奇

Coordinates	56°51′45″N35°55′27″N
name	Karen O
background	solo_singer
birth name	Karen Lee Orzolek
born	South Korea
origin	New Jersey, United States
instrument	Vocals, piano
genre	Indie rock, art punk, alternative rock
years active	2000–present
label	Interscope
associated acts	Yeah Yeah Yeahs Native Korean Rock }}

Karen Lee Orzolek (born November 22, 1978), better known by her stage name Karen O, is the vocalist for New York rock band Yeah Yeah Yeahs.

Early life

Karen O was born in November 1978 in South Korea to a Korean mother and a Polish father. She eventually moved to the United States, where she grew up in Englewood, New Jersey. She has commented on her childhood: "It's almost embarrassing how well-behaved I was, which is probably why I do things like spit water on myself onstage as an adult." She attended Oberlin College, but transferred to New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. She is now based in Los Angeles.

Career

Karen O is best known as the frontwoman for the band Yeah Yeah Yeahs. She has also been noted for her sense of fashion, wearing ostentatious outfits made by her friend, fashion designer Christian Joy. In the early days of the band, she became well known for her outrageous antics during live shows.

''Playboy'' made an offer for her to pose on their cover. Karen O said on the subject, "I was approached but I said no. Who knows though? Maybe I'll do it in the future, but now doesn't seem to be the right time." Since then, however, Karen stated in an interview with Associated Press magazine that she has changed her mind and would never do Playboy because of the audience that Playboy magazine attracts.

During a tour for the 2003 Livid Festival in Australia, at a sideshow at The Metro in Sydney, she accidentally danced off the stage and was reluctantly taken to a hospital. A few days later at the Sydney leg of the Livid Festival, she appeared in a wheelchair pushed by Angus Andrew.

Karen O won Spin Magazine's Sex Goddess Award in both 2004 and 2005. In 2006, she was named one of rock's hottest women by ''Blender''. In 2007, Karen O placed #3 on Spinner.com's Women Who Rock Right Now. In February 2010, she won a Shockwaves NME Award for the Hottest Woman.

She began working on a small side project called Native Korean Rock and the Fishnets with fellow NYC musicians in 2008.

In 2009 she contributed backing vocals, screaming animal sounds and noises to the songs "Gemini Syringes", "I Can Be A Frog" and "Watching the Planets" on The Flaming Lips album ''Embryonic''.

On the collaboration-project "N.A.S.A. ''The Spirit of Apollo''", she appears on the track "Strange Enough", together with Ol' Dirty Bastard and Fatlip.

O's vocal approach has been described as "ethereal", sometimes compared to indie folk artist Quinn Marston, and has been described as "yelping" at times. She described her approach:

Soundtrack work

She was featured in the track "Cut Me Up" by Har Mar Superstar for the soundtrack to the 2005 horror film House of Wax. For the movie ''Jackass 2'', Karen O collaborated with electronic artist Peaches and Johnny Knoxville to record a track entitled "Backass"; for ''Jackass 3D'', she covered the ''Roger Alan Wade'' 's "If You're Gonna Be Dumb" under the alternative title of "If You're Gonna Be Dumb, You Gotta Be Tough". In 2007, she also contributed vocals to a version of Bob Dylan's "Highway 61 Revisited" for the ''I'm Not There'' movie soundtrack. At the end of episode 409, "Brothers Cinco", of the ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!'' she performed a short song.

In May 2011 it was reported that Karen O had collaborated with Trent Reznor on a cover version of Led Zeppelin's "Immigrant Song" for the soundtrack to the English-language version of the film ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', for which Reznor is composing the score.

''Where the Wild Things Are''

Karen O composed all of the songs on the soundtrack of ''Where the Wild Things Are'' (with the exception of a cover of the Daniel Johnston song,"Worried Shoes") in collaboration with Carter Burwell. The film was directed by her former boyfriend Spike Jonze. She is listed on the soundtrack as "Karen O and the Kids". Karen O and her Yeah Yeah Yeahs bandmate Nick Zinner co-wrote "All is Love", which was nominated for the "Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media", a songwriter's award, at the 2010 Grammy Awards.

Video work

In 2004 Karen O, using the moniker ''Marshmellow'', directed the music video for "We Fenced Other Gardens with the Bones of Our Own" by the Liars, fronted by her then boyfriend Angus Andrew. The following year she directed the "Blessed Evening" video for Foetus with her then boyfriend Spike Jonze working as cinematographer. In 2006 she directed the Yeah Yeah Yeahs' video "Cheated Hearts".

Under the moniker ''Kids With Canes'', Karen O and her boyfriend Barney Clay directed the music video for the Tiny Masters of Today song "Hologram World", released on February 8, 2008. Karen also contributed vocals to the song, served as choreographer of the video, in which she appears along with Yeah Yeah Yeahs bandmates Nick Zinner and Brian Chase as well as Mike D from the Beastie Boys, Gibby Haynes from the Butthole Surfers, Russell Simins from the Blues Explosion and Sam James from The Mooney Suzuki.

The ''KO At Home'' demo leak

On December 10, 2006, a home-recorded album titled ''KO at Home'' was leaked via an invite-only BitTorrent tracking site. The album, originally a personal gift to Dave Sitek of the NYC band TV on the Radio, was discovered inside a suitcase Sitek left behind in a New York City apartment. The disc's 14 tracks and scan of the cover – a photograph of Karen O with a poem written by Oscar Wilde on the back – quickly spread. The music news site stereogum.com broke the story of the leak the following morning and continued their coverage when Sitek lashed out at the fan who leaked the demos. Eventually Sitek followed up his comments with an apology letter. Karen O's response to the leak was "shit happens" and although she was somewhat "grossed out," she offered advice on which of the songs she liked the most, namely the tracks "Pumpkin" and "Snakes and Worms".

References

External links

Yeah Yeah Yeahs official website

2010 interview with Karen O

Category:Yeah Yeah Yeahs members Category:American female singers Category:American rock singers Category:New York University alumni Category:Oberlin College alumni Category:American people of Polish descent Category:American people of Korean descent Category:American musicians of Korean descent Category:American musicians of Polish descent Category:People from Englewood, New Jersey Category:Musicians from New Jersey Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:Korean emigrants to the United States Category:South Korean musicians Category:Living people Category:1978 births

es:Karen O fa:کارن او fr:Karen O gl:Karen O ko:캐런 오 it:Karen O ja:カレンO pl:Karen O pt:Karen O ro:Karen O fi:Karen O sv:Karen O

Coordinates	56°51′45″N35°55′27″N
|name	Trent Reznor
background	solo_singer
birth name	Michael Trent Reznor
born	May 17, 1965Mercer, Pennsylvania, U.S.
spouse	Mariqueen Maandig (May 17, 2009)
instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano, synthesizer, mellotron, keyboards, bass guitar, saxophone, cello, double bass, drums, tuba, sousaphone, harmonium, marimba, pan flute, harpsichord, vibraphone
genre	Industrial rock, industrial metal, dark ambient, electronica, EBM
occupation	Musician, singer-songwriter, sound designer, record producer, film score composer
years active	1982–present
label	The Null Corporation, Nothing, Interscope, Universal, TVT
associated acts	Option 30, The Innocent, Exotic Birds, Lucky Pierre, Nine Inch Nails, How to Destroy Angels, Tapeworm, Atticus Ross, Marilyn Manson, Saul Williams, Karen O
website	www.nin.com
spouse	Mariqueen Maandig }}

Michael Trent Reznor (born May 17, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer, record producer, and leader of industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails. Reznor is also a member of How to Destroy Angels alongside his wife, Mariqueen Maandig, and Atticus Ross. He was previously associated with bands Option 30, Exotic Birds, and Tapeworm, among others. Reznor left Interscope Records in 2007, and is now an independent musician.

Reznor began creating music early in his life, and cites his Western Pennsylvania childhood as an early influence. After being involved with a number of synthesizer-based bands in the mid-80s, Reznor gained employment at Right Track Studios and began creating his own music during the studio's closing hours under the moniker Nine Inch Nails. Reznor's first release as Nine Inch Nails, ''Pretty Hate Machine'' (1989), was a commercial and critical success, and he has since released seven major studio releases. Outside of Reznor's chief project Nine Inch Nails, he has contributed to many other artists' albums, including Marilyn Manson and Saul Williams. In 1997, Reznor appeared in ''Time'' magazine's list of the year's most influential people, and ''Spin'' magazine described him as "the most vital artist in music."

Reznor, in collaboration with Atticus Ross, composed the score for ''The Social Network'', a 2010 theatrical film about the founding of Facebook. The duo won the 2010 Golden Globe for Best Original Score and the Academy Award for Best Original Score for their collaboration. The soundtrack album was released by The Null Corporation, Reznor's own independent record label. Earlier this year, Reznor announced that the pair would once again be collaborating with David Fincher by composing the score to the US film adaptation of the novel ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', set for release in late 2011.

Personal life

Early life

Michael Trent Reznor was born in Mercer, Pennsylvania, halfway between Pittsburgh and Erie, the son of Nancy Lou (née Clark) and Michael Reznor. After his parents divorced, he lived with his maternal grandparents, while his sister Tera lived with their mother. Reznor is a direct descendant of George Reznor, founder of the Reznor Company (founded 1888), a heating and air conditioning company. The family sold the business in the 1960s.

Reznor began playing the piano at the age of five and showed an early aptitude for music. In a 1995 interview, his grandfather, Bill Clark, remarked, "Music was his life, from the time he was a wee boy. He was so gifted." His former piano teacher Rita Beglin said "Reznor always reminded me of Harry Connick, Jr." when he played.

Reznor has acknowledged that his sheltered life in Pennsylvania left him feeling isolated from the outside world. In a 1994 interview with ''Rolling Stone'', he references his choices in the music industry. However, Reznor later said, "I don't want to give the impression it was a miserable childhood."

At Mercer Area Junior/Senior High School, Reznor learned to play the tenor saxophone and tuba. He was a member of both the jazz and marching band. Former Mercer High School band director Dr. Hendley Hoge remembered Reznor as "very upbeat and friendly." Reznor also became involved in theater while in high school. He was voted "Best in Drama" by classmates for his roles as Judas in ''Jesus Christ Superstar'' and Professor Harold Hill in ''The Music Man''. Reznor graduated from this high school in 1983 and enrolled at Allegheny College, where he studied computer engineering.

Reznor married Mariqueen Maandig in October 2009 and their son, Lazarus Echo, was born in October 2010.

Drug abuse and depression

During the five years following the release of ''The Downward Spiral'', Reznor struggled with depression, social anxiety disorder, and the death of his grandmother, who raised him. During this period of intense grief, Reznor began abusing alcohol and other drugs. He eventually became addicted to alcohol and cocaine. Five years elapsed before Nine Inch Nails' next album, ''The Fragile'', a double CD that debuted in September 1999 at number one on the Billboard 200, selling 228,000 copies in its first week and receiving favorable reviews.

In 2001, Reznor successfully completed rehab, and eventually moved from New Orleans to Los Angeles. In a 2005 interview with ''Kerrang!'', Reznor reflected on his self-destructive past: "There was a persona that had run its course. I needed to get my priorities straight, my head screwed on. Instead of always working, I took a couple of years off, just to figure out who I was and working out if I wanted to keep doing this or not. I had become a terrible addict; I needed to get my shit together, figure out what had happened". In contrast with his former suicidal tendencies, Reznor also admitted in another interview that "[he is] pretty happy right now." Nine Inch Nails' next full-length album, ''With Teeth'' (2005), reached number one on ''Billboard'' 200.

Music career

Early musical projects

While he was enrolled in Allegheny College, Reznor joined local band Option 30, playing three shows a week with them. After only a year of college, Reznor dropped out and moved to Cleveland, Ohio to pursue a career in music. In 1985, he joined The Innocent as a keyboardist. They released one album, ''Livin' in the Street'', but Reznor quit after just three months. In 1986, Reznor joined local band Exotic Birds. He also appeared with them as the fictional band "The Problems" in the 1987 film ''Light of Day''.

Reznor got a job at Cleveland's Right Track Studio as an assistant engineer and janitor. Studio owner Bart Koster later commented that Reznor was "so focused in everything he [did]. When that guy waxed the floor, it looked great." Reznor asked Koster for permission to record demos of his own songs for free during unused studio time. Koster agreed, remarking that it cost him "just a little wear on [his] tape heads". While assembling these, the earliest Nine Inch Nails recordings, Reznor was unable to find a band that could articulate his songs as he wanted. Instead, inspired by Prince, he played all the instruments himself, except drums. This role remains Reznor's on most of the band's studio recordings, though he has occasionally involved other musicians and assistants. Several labels responded favorably to the demo material, and Reznor signed with TVT Records. Nine selections from the Right Track demos were unofficially released in 1988 as ''Purest Feeling''; many of these songs had appeared in revised form on his 1989 debut studio album under the stage name Nine Inch Nails.

Formation of Nine Inch Nails

Most of Reznor's work as a musician has been as founding and primary member of Nine Inch Nails.

Nine Inch Nails' debut album, ''Pretty Hate Machine'' was released in 1989. It was a moderate commercial success, and was certified Gold in 1992. Amid pressure from Reznor's record label to produce a follow-up to ''Pretty Hate Machine'', Reznor secretly began recording under various pseudonyms to avoid record company interference, resulting in the ''Broken'' EP, released in 1992. In the summer of 1991 Nine Inch Nails was included in the Lollapalooza package tour. They later won a Grammy Award in 1993 for the song "Wish" in the Best Heavy Metal Performance category.

Nine Inch Nails' second full-length album, ''The Downward Spiral'', entered the ''Billboard'' 200 chart in 1994 at number two, and remains the highest-selling Nine Inch Nails release in the United States. To record the album, Reznor rented and moved into the 10050 Cielo Drive mansion, site of the 1969 Manson Family murders. Reznor built a studio space in the house, which he renamed Le Pig, after the word that was scrawled on the front door in Sharon Tate's blood by her murderers. Reznor told ''Entertainment Weekly'' that despite the notoriety attached to the house, he chose to record there because, "I looked at a lot of places, and this just happened to be the one I liked most".

Nine Inch Nails toured extensively over the next few years, including a performance at Woodstock '94, although he admitted to the audience that he did not like to play large venues. Around this time, Reznor's studio perfectionism, struggles with addiction, and bouts of writer's block prolonged the production of a follow-up.

Collaboration with other artists

Reznor produced Marilyn Manson's first album ''Portrait of an American Family'' (1994), several tracks on Marilyn Manson's albums ''Smells Like Children'' (1995), and ''Antichrist Superstar'' (1996), as well as the film soundtracks for Oliver Stone's ''Natural Born Killers'' (1994) and David Lynch's ''Lost Highway'' (1997). Reznor is credited for "Driver Down" and "Videodrones; Questions" on the soundtrack for ''Lost Highway'', while another track, "The Perfect Drug", is credited to Nine Inch Nails instead. Reznor sang backing vocals on Tori Amos' 1994 album ''Under the Pink'' on a track called "Past The Mission." In 1998 Reznor produced a remix of Notorious B.I.G.'s song "Victory" which also featured Busta Rhymes. Reznor also sang vocals for the song "Black Bomb" on the Josh Wink album ''Herehear'' (1998).

Under the band name Tapeworm, Reznor collaborated over the span of nearly 10 years with Danny Lohner, Maynard James Keenan, and Atticus Ross, but the project was eventually terminated before any official material was released. The only known released Tapeworm material is a reworked version of a track called "Vacant," retitled "Passive", on A Perfect Circle's 2004 album ''eMOTIVe'', as well as a track called "Potions," off Puscifer's 2009 "C is for ..."

In 2006, Reznor played his first "solo" show(s) at Neil Young's annual Bridge School Benefit. Backed by a four piece string section, he performed stripped-down versions of many Nine Inch Nails songs. Reznor featured on El-P's 2007 album I'll Sleep When You're Dead, guesting on the track "Flyentology". The accompanying music video for the song and its artwork was created by Adult Swim, who aired the music video.

Reznor co-produced Saul Williams' 2007 album ''The Inevitable Rise and Liberation of NiggyTardust!'' after Williams toured with Nine Inch Nails in 2005 and 2006. Reznor convinced Williams to release the album as a free download, while giving fans the option of paying $5 for higher quality files, or downloading all of the songs at a lower quality for free. Reznor was also credited as "Musical Consultant" on the 2004 film ''Man on Fire''. The movie features six Nine Inch Nails songs. He has produced a number of songs for Jane's Addiction in his home studio in Beverly Hills. The first recordings, new versions of the early tracks "Chip Away" and "Whores," were released simultaneously on Jane's Addiction's website and the NINJA 2009 Tour Sampler digital EP.

How to Destroy Angels

In April 2010, it was announced that Reznor had formed a new band with his wife, Mariqueen Maandig, and Atticus Ross, called How to Destroy Angels. The group released a self-titled six song EP digitally on June 1, 2010, with the retail edition becoming available on July 6, 2010.

As an independent artist

In May 2008 Reznor founded The Null Corporation and Nine Inch Nails released the studio album ''The Slip'' as a free digital download. In his appreciation for his following and fan base, and having no contractual obligation, he made "The Slip" available for free on his website, stating “This one’s on me.” A month and a half after its online release, ''The Slip'' had been downloaded 1.4 million times from the official Nine Inch Nails website.

In February 2009, Reznor posted his thoughts about the future of Nine Inch Nails on NIN.com, stating that "I've been thinking for some time now it's time to make NIN disappear for a while." Reznor noted in an interview on the official website that while he has not stopped creating music as Nine Inch Nails, the group will not be touring in the foreseeable future.

Video games

The original music from id Software's video game ''Quake'' is credited to "Trent Reznor and Nine Inch Nails"; Reznor helped record sound effects and ambient audio, and the NIN logo appears on ammunition boxes in the game. Reznor's association with id Software began with Reznor being a fan of the original ''Doom''. He reunited with id Software in 2003 as the sound engineer for ''Doom 3'', though due to "time, money and bad management", he had to abandon the project, and his audio work did not make it into the game's final release.

Nine Inch Nails' 2007 major studio recording, ''Year Zero'', was released alongside an accompanying alternate reality game. With its lyrics written from the perspective of multiple fictitious characters, Reznor described ''Year Zero'' as a concept album criticizing the United States government's current policies and how they will affect the world 15 years in the future.

Film soundtrack work and score composition

Reznor produced and arranged soundtracks for the films ''Natural Born Killers'', which showcased the Nine Inch Nails single "Burn", and ''Lost Highway'', which included the single "The Perfect Drug". The music video for the former track featured clips from the film, focusing on the anger and rage that is a product of child abuse, which was also a key theme in the movie.

In 2001, Reznor was asked by Mark Romanek to provide the score for ''One Hour Photo'' but the music didn't work for the film and was not used. These compositions eventually evolved into ''Still''.

Reznor collaborated with Atticus Ross to compose the score for David Fincher's ''The Social Network'', a 2010 drama film about the founding of Facebook. Says Reznor, "When I actually read the script and realized what he was up to, I said goodbye to that free time I had planned." The score was noted for portraying "Mark Zuckerberg the genius, developing a brilliant idea over ominous undertones," and received nearly unanimous praise across the board. On September 16, 2010, Reznor announced that the film's score would be released in October 2010 in multiple formats, including digital download, compact disc, 5.1 surround on Blu-ray disc, and vinyl record. A 5-song sampler EP was released for free via digital download. In 2011 Reznor and Ross won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and the Academy Award for Original Score for this work.

On January 7, 2011, Reznor announced that he would again be working with Fincher, this time to provide the score for the American adaptation of ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo''. A cover of "Immigrant Song" by Led Zeppelin produced by Reznor and Ross, with Karen O (of the Yeah Yeah Yeahs) as featured singer, was released by way of a trailer for the film. The cover extended for the entirety of the trailer and was well received by critics.

Business activity

Suit and counter-suit with John Malm

In 2004, Reznor's former manager John Malm Jr. filed suit in the United States district court of Ohio against Reznor for over $2 million in deferred commissions. The suit alleged that Reznor "reneged on every single contract he and Malm ever entered into", and that Reznor refused to pay Malm payments which he was contractually entitled to. Weeks later, Reznor filed a counter-suit in the U.S. District Court of New York, charging Malm with fraud and breach of fiduciary duties. Reznor's suit arose from a five-year management contract signed in the early days of Nine Inch Nails, between Reznor and Malm's management company J. Artist Management. This contract, according to the suit, was unlawful and immoral in that it secured Malm 20% of Reznor's ''gross'' earnings, rather than his ''net'' earnings, as is the standard practice between artists and their management. The suit also alleged that the contract secured this percentage even if Malm was no longer representing Reznor, and for all Reznor's album advances. The suit also described how Malm had misappropriated the ownership rights regarding Nine Inch Nails, including the trademark name "NIN". According to testimony by Malm, Reznor gave him half of the "NIN" trademark "as a gift."

Reznor stated that he began to fully understand his financial situation after tackling his addiction to drugs and alcohol. Reznor requested a financial statement from Malm in 2003, only to discover that he had only $400,000 in liquid assets. "It was not pleasant discovering you have a 10th as much as you've been told you have," Reznor told the court. Malm's lawyers, however, claimed that Malm had worked for years "pro bono", and that Reznor's inability to release an album or tour and his uninhibited spending were the reasons for Reznor's financial situation.

After a three week trial in 2005, jurors sided with Reznor, awarding him upwards of $2.95 million and returning to him complete control of his trademarks. After adjustment for inflation, Reznor's award rose to nearly $5 million.

Independence from major record labels

Following the release of ''Year Zero'', Reznor announced later that Nine Inch Nails split from its contractual obligations with Interscope Records, and would distribute its next major albums independently. The last Nine Inch Nails release on Interscope was ''Year Zero Remixed'', based on material from ''Year Zero''.

Criticism of the music industry

In May 2007, Reznor made a post on the official Nine Inch Nails website condemning Universal Music Group—the parent company of the band's record label, Interscope Records—for their pricing and distribution plans for Nine Inch Nails' 2007 album ''Year Zero''. He labeled the company's retail pricing of ''Year Zero'' in Australia as "ABSURD," concluding that "as a reward for being a 'true fan' you get ripped off". Reznor went on to say that as "the climate grows more and more desperate for record labels, their answer to their mostly self-inflicted wounds seems to be to screw the consumer over even more." Reznor's post, specifically his criticism of the recording industry at large, elicited considerable media attention. In September 2007, Reznor continued his attack on Universal Music Group at a concert in Australia, urging fans there to "steal" his music online instead of purchasing it legally. Reznor went on to encourage the crowd to "steal and steal and steal some more and give it to all your friends and keep on stealin'."

Musical style and influence

Reznor is a fan of David Bowie, and has cited Bowie's 1977 album ''Low'' as one of his favorite albums. Reznor has stated that he played the album constantly during the recording of ''The Downward Spiral'' for inspiration. In 1995, Nine Inch Nails and David Bowie toured as a co-headlining act on the Outside Tour. Reznor also appeared in Bowie's video for "I'm Afraid of Americans", cast as Bowie's stalker. Reznor also made several remixes for the single release of the same song, as well as a remix of "The Hearts Filthy Lesson". Reznor also states in the 2010 documentary ''Rush: Beyond the Lighted Stage'' that the band Rush had played a major part in his childhood influences. He also stated that he considered Rush to be "one of the best bands ever" and had gained a perspective on how keyboards could be introduced into hard rock after listening to their 1982 album ''Signals''. Reznor also stated "Freddie Mercury's death meant more to me than John Lennon's" and covered Queen's "Get Down Make Love", which was produced by Paul Barker & Al Jourgensen of Ministry and released on the single for "Sin". In many interviews in ''Musician'', ''Spin'', and ''Alternative Press'', Reznor mentioned The Cars, The Jesus and Mary Chain, Soft Cell, Prince, Gary Numan, and The Cure's 1985 album, ''The Head on the Door'', as important influences.

Reznor's work as Nine Inch Nails has influenced many newer artists, which according to Reznor range from "generic imitations" dating from the band's initial success to younger bands echoing his style in a "truer, less imitative way". Following the release of ''The Downward Spiral'', mainstream artists began to take notice of Nine Inch Nails' influence: David Bowie compared NIN's impact to that of The Velvet Underground. In 1997, Reznor appeared in ''Time'' magazine's list of the year's most influential people, and ''Spin'' magazine described him as "the most vital artist in music." Bob Ezrin, producer for Pink Floyd, Kiss, Alice Cooper, and Peter Gabriel, described Reznor in 2007 as a "true visionary" and advised aspiring artists to take note of his no-compromise attitude. During a rare appearance at the ''Kerrang! Awards'' in London that year, Reznor accepted the ''Kerrang!'' Icon, honoring Nine Inch Nails' long-standing influence on rock music. Timbaland, one of pop music's most successful producers in recent years, has cited Reznor as his favorite studio producer.

Discography

References

External links

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