Look up mason in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Mason may refer to:

• Stone mason, a craftsman in the stone-setting industry such as a banker mason, fixer mason, and memorial mason
• Brick mason, a craftsman who lays bricks to construct brickwork
• Mason (surname), a common English surname
• Mason (band), Dutch electronic music duo
• Mason (crater), on the Moon
• MASON (Java), an artificial-life computer simulation development environment, written in Java
• Mason (Perl), Perl-based website development and delivery engine
• Mason (streetcar), first streetcar in the U.S.
• Mason Truck, a subsidiary of Durant Motors of the 1920s
• USS Mason, several warships
• Mason, a nickname for George Mason University
• Mason, a sept of the Clan Sinclair
• Free mason, a Freemasonry member
  • Knight Mason, member of a particular Masonic order

Places:

• Mason, Illinois
• Mason, Michigan, in Ingham County
• Mason, Houghton County, Michigan
• Mason, New Hampshire
• Mason, Ohio
• Mason, Tennessee
• Mason, Texas
• Mason, West Virginia
• Mason, Wisconsin

See also [link]

• Mason jar, a container popular in home canning
• Mason bee (Osmia species)
• Mason Proffit, folk rock band from Chicago
• Mason's rule, a formula frequently used in control theory
• Masone, town in the Alps Region of northern Italy
• Masons, Maryland
• Mason City (disambiguation)
• Mason County (disambiguation)
• Mason Township (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This article's lead section may not adequately summarize its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of the article's key points. (February 2010)

Concetta Kirschner, better known as Princess Superstar (born February 25, 1971 in Spanish Harlem, New York^[1]) is an American rapper and DJ.

Her musical style, as she describes it, is flip-flop — a mixture of 'hip hop, electroclash and electronica'.^[2]

Background[link]

Kirschner was born in Spanish Harlem, New York to a Jewish father of Russian and Polish descent and a Sicilian-American mother who converted to Judaism. Kirschner identifies herself as a "spiritual Jew".^[3] Her parents were psychologists. When Kirschner was a child, the family moved to rural Pennsylvania and then to the suburbs of Philadelphia.^[4] She attended school at the Germantown Academy, a private high school, where she was a member of the Theatre Club and the Black Student Union. She moved to New York City at the age of 17 and went to NYU, where she got her BFA in drama. She is a vegan, active in the animal rights movement and a member of Mensa.^[5]

Career[link]

In New York City she took up the guitar,^[3] and her interest in music surpassed her interest in acting. She joined the Gamma Rays, an all-girl power psychedelic band that recorded a 7" single called "Lovely" for TeenBeat Records. Their other recordings appeared on various compilations.^[6] Around the same time, Kirschner was composing hip hop-styled songs on a 4-track recorder.

Princess Superstar[link]

In 1994, Kirschner made a demo tape called, Mitch Better Get My Bunny, under the name "Princess Superstar". She sent the tape to the College Music Journal and to the Beastie Boys' Grand Royal Records.^[4] While she got callbacks from CMJ and Grand Royal, she went on to sign with Dark Beloved Cloud Records, who released her song "I'm White" on their Sympathy for Count Pococurante compilation.

In 1995, she teamed up with three backing musicians and signed with 5th Beetle Records.^[4] They recorded her debut album, Strictly Platinum, which gained her some notoriety as being one of very few white female rappers.

In 1997, Kirschner went on to launch her own record label, first calling it "A Big Rich Major Label", but then eventually settling on "Corrupt Conglomerate". She recruited a new crew of backing musicians and recorded CEO, a concept album about corporate culture.

Her next album, 2000's Last of the Great 20th Century Composers, was co-produced by Curtis Curtis and contains the song "Kool Keith's Ass", and a remix of "Do It Like a Robot" by Blues Explosion.

Kirschner went on to collaborate with Kool Keith on "Keith and Me" for the 2001 Princess Superstar Is LP released on Ruthless Records/Studio !K7. The album, co-produced Curtis Curtis, has guest appearances by Beth Orton and Bahamadia. The single "Bad Babysitter" was #11 on the UK charts.

For 2005's My Machine a futuristic hip-hopera concept double album,^[7] she collaborated with various producers such as Arthur Baker, Jacques Lu Cont, Junior Sanchez, Armand Van Helden, Todd Terry, and DJ Mighty Mi. This went to #3 on the UK charts in 2007.

In 2008, Kirschner sang on the "Licky" single by long-time associate Larry Tee which was featured in Get Him To the Greek and other movies and TV shows.

In 2009 Kirschner was featured on Grandmaster Flash's record The Bridge, alongside Snoop Dogg and Busta Rhymes.

Kirschner produced New York rapper Kalae All Day's debut album, released March 17, 2010.

In 2011 Kirschner released "Xmas Swagger" produced by the Rural.

Princess Superstar will release her sixth studio album The New Evolution in 2012. The album was funded by Superstar's fans, using Pledge Music.^[8]

DJ[link]

Kirschner is also a DJ. She has released DJ recordings, such as Princess Is a DJ in 2002, Now Is the Winter of Our Discothèque in 2005, and American Gigolo III on International DeeJay Gigolo Records in 2007.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 1996 Strictly Platinum (5th Beetle)
• 1997 CEO (A Big Rich Major Label)
• 2000 Last of the Great 20th Century Composers (Corrupt Conglomerate)
• 2001 Princess Superstar Is (Studio !K7/Rapster)
• 2005 My Machine (Studio !K7)
• 2007 The Best of Princess Superstar (Studio !K7)
• 2012 The New Evolution

EPs/singles[link]

• 1994 "Mitch Better Get My Bunny" (cassette EP)
• 1999 "Come Up to My Room"
• 1999 "I Hope I Sell a Lot of Records at Christmastime"
• 2001 "Wet!Wet!Wet!/Keith n' Me"
• 2002 "Bad Babysitter" (#11 UK)^[9]
• 2002 "Keith N' Me" (feat. Kool Keith) (Rerelease)
• 2002 "Fuck Me On The Dancefloor" (Disco D feat. Princess Superstar, single from his record A Night at the Booty Bar)
• 2003 "Do It Like a Robot"
• 2003 "Jam For The Ladies (Moby vs. Princess Superstar, original version on the Moby album 18)
• 2004 "Memphis Bells" (The Prodigy featuring Princess Superstar)
• 2005 "Coochie Coo"
• 2005 "Perfect"
• 2005 "My Machine"
• 2006 "Perfect (Exceeder)" (Mason vs. Princess Superstar) (#3 UK, #1 UK Dance Chart, #17 NL)
• 2008 "Licky" (Larry Tee featuring Princess Superstar)
• 2009 "Life Is But a Dream"
• 2010 "Ground Control"
• 2011 "Xmas Swagger"

Music videos[link]

• 1996 "Smooth"
• 2002 "Bad Babysitter"
• 2002 "Keith N' Me"
• 2003 "Jam For The Ladies"
• 2005 "Perfect"
• 2007 "Perfect (Exceeder)"
• 2008 "Licky (Herve Radio edit)"
• 2011 "Xmas Swagger"

DJ albums[link]

• 2002 Princess Is a DJ
• 2005 Now Is The Winter Of Our Discothèque
• 2005 Now Is The Winter Of Our Discothèque Pt. 2
• 2007 American Gigolo III

Guest appearances[link]

	"Perfect" noicon Song by Princess Superstar
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

• Interview on Channel V (Australia) with Yumi Stynes [2006]
• MTV's "Made" - Made coach.

• "Lovage" - MC Paul Barman
• 2000: MTV Get Off The Air, Part 2 - MC Paul Barman It's Very Stimulating
• 2001: The Jump Off - The High & Mighty Presents Eastern Conference All Stars II
• 2003: Jam For The Ladies Remix Moby
• 2003: Fuck Me On The Dancefloor Disco D
• 2003: Return To NY - Arthur Agent
• 2003: Soft Shoe Snoozin - Gonzales Z
• 2004: Memphis Bells - The Prodigy Always Outnumbered, Never Outgunned
• 2004: Mein Schatzi - Munk Aperitivo
• 2005: Unholy Matrimony - The High & Mighty 12th Man
• 2005: Darling Nikki - XLOVER Pleasure & Romance
• 2006: Iron Man - Lotterboys Animalia
• 2006: Eat It - Dr Octagon The Return Of Doctor Octagon
• 2006: European Accent DJs Are Not Rockstars
• 2006: V.I.P. DJs Are Not Rockstars
• 2006: Computer Arling & Cameron Hi-Fi Underground
• 2006: Lick The Alphabet Diskokaines
• 2006: Rock-A-Boogie Diskokaines
• 2006: Goes Busters LBL
• 2006: Licky Larry Tee
• 2006: Pussy (Greenskeepers Remix) One Fingered Pocket
• 2006: Let's Get Old DJ Yoda The Amazing Adventures Of DJ Yoda
• 2006: Lips On Fire Agoria The Green Armchair
• 2006: Dayglo Fetisch
• 2007: Wanna Make Out The Glimmers
• 2007: Detonator Shinichi Osawa The One
• 2009: Monday Morning Sharam Jey & LouLou Players
• 2009: Those Chix Grandmaster Flash The Bridge (Concept Of A Culture)
• 2009: Rock U Alexander Technique
• 2011 "Blowdryer" George Monev
• 2011 "Do you wanna Funk" Zoo Brazil

See also[link]

• List of female rappers

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Interview with Princess Superstar

Mason is the stage name of the Dutch music producer duo Iason Chronis (born January 17, 1980) and Coen Berrier (born April 17, 1979). They had a number one on the UK Dance Chart in 2007 with their track Exceeder. Exceeder had originally been an instrumental and had received a vinyl only release in the UK in 2006. The new version of the track, Perfect (Exceeder) featured vocals from Princess Superstar and reached number 3 on the national British chart in January 2007. The number was a big hit in The Netherlands as well. Mason has been very popular with Ministry of Sound featuring on many of their annual compilations.

Mason has released music on numerous electronic music labels, such as Great Stuff Recordings, and Pickadoll Music, and remixed artists such as Moby, Robyn and Gabriella Cilmi. In 2008 they launched their own label 'Animal Language'. In 2011 the duo released their debut album 'They Are Among Us', which featured collaborations with Roisin Murphy, DMC, Sam Sparro, Kurtis Blow and Aqualung. They also had chart success in Holland and Belgium with their song 'Runaway', which was a modern version of Runaway by Eruption

Biography[link]

Mason consists of the producers Iason Chronis and Coen Berrier. They perform their live show together, but Iason Chronis is the DJ face of the duo.

Iason Chronis was born in Amsterdam to a Dutch actress and Greek sculptor. He began learning the violin at age 6. In 1987, he sang in the 8th version of the Kinderen voor Kinderen choir, and would continue to do so until the 12th version in 1991. In his teens, he practiced DJing using his grandmother's turntables. At a later age, he took a four-year course in Music Composition and Performance, for which he received an award from the Dutch Royal Family. He uses his violin skills during his DJ-sets. During his tour with Tiësto in 2004, he played the violin during a live performance of Lethal Industry.

Coen Berrier has been a singer and guitar player in numerous bands throughout his teens, and was also responsible for "Husan" by Bhangra Knights, which reached number 7 in the UK pop charts in 2005. Berrier and Chronis met at the Hogeschool voor de Kunsten Utrecht, where they formed the temporary pop act Systex.

Mason performed at Sensation White, Dance Valley, Nature One, Creamfields, Global Gathering and many clubs around the world.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Mason – They Are Among Us (Animal Language 2011)
• Mason presents Animal Language (DJ Mag covermount CD) (Mag 2010)
• The Amsterdam Tapes vol.1 (Newstate 2008)
• 5 Years Electronation (NEWS 2007)
• Top Of The Clubs 34 mixed by Mason (Kontor 2007)

Singles[link]

• Little Angel feat. Aqualung (Animal Language 2011)
• Boadicea feat. Roisin Murphy (Animal Language 2011)
• Runaway (Ministry Of Sound Australia 2011)
• Runaway / Let’s Get Ferretic (Animal Language 2010)
• You Are Not Alone (Animal Language 2010)
• Corrected feat. DMC & Sam Sparro (Animal Language / Ministry Of Sound 2010)
• Syncom / The Badger (Animal Language 2010)
• Ignite / Who Killed Trance (Animal Language 2009)
• Artex / Intimate Expresse (Pickadoll 2009)
• At The Hippo Bar / Affra (Animal Language 2009)
• Frontrow Chemistry / Capibara (Animal Language 2009)
• The Ridge (Oliver Koletzki remix) (Great Stuff 2009)
• The Amsterdam Tape (Blanco Y Negro 2009)
• Kippschwinger / Amsterdam Tape (Animal Language 2009)
• The Ridge (Great Stuff 2008)
• Bermuda Triangle (Ego 2008)
• Quarter (Great Stuff / Vendetta / Sound Division 2007)
• Wheb Farners Attack (Malente) (Unique 2008)
• The Screetch (Great Stuff 2007)
• Perfect (Exceeder) (Ministry Of Sound / Sony BMG 2007)
• The Benedict Files (Aleph 2006)
• Bigboy Exercises (Middle Of The Road 2006)
• Exceeder (Great Stuff 2006)
• Exceeder / Follow Me (Middle Of The Road 2006)
• The Screetch (Middle Of The Road 2005)
• Helikopter EP (Electrix 2004)

Remixes[link]

• Sharam Jey – Put Ya! (Mason Remix) (Toolroom 2011)
• Disco Of Doom – Alice Cooper (Mason’s Schools Out Rework) (Discobelle Records 2011)
• Zoo Brazil – Tear The Club Up (Mason Remix) (Refune 2011)
• Jesse Rose – Non Stop (Mason Remix) (Made To Play 2011)
• Nelsen Grover - Awake (Mason Remix) (Animal Language 2010)
• Glenn Morrison – Tokyo Cries (Mason’s Smallroom Mix) (Blackhole 2011)
• Evil Nine – Stay Up (Mason remix) (Gung-ho 2010)
• JCA & TAI – Yalla Yalla (Mason remix) (Great Stuff 2010)
• Rex The Dog – Prototype (Mason’s Animal Language mix) (Hundahaus 2009)
• Tommy Trash – Stay Close (Mason mix) (Ministry Of Sound Aus. 2009)
• Martin Solveig – One 2 3 Four (Mason’s Dark Disco Mix) (Mixture 2009)
• Moby – Im In Love (Mason’s Glowsticks-Mix) (Mute 2008)
• Robyn – Cobrastyle (Mason Vocal / Dub mix) (Konichua 2008)
• Gabriella Cilmi – Save The Lies (Mason Vocal / Dub mix) (Warner 2008)
• Hadouken – Declaration Of War (Mason Vocal / Dub mix) (Atlantic 2008)
• Noisia – Gutterpump (Mason Remix) (Skint 2008)
• AKA the Junkies – Konijntje (Mason Remix) (Magnetron Music 2008)
• DJ DLG – XESS (Mason Remix) (Pickadoll 2007)
• Mazi & Duriez – This Is Not A Follow Up (Mason Remix) (Brique Rouge 2007)
• Freeform Five – No More Conversations (Mason Remix) (Universal 2007)
• Unknown – Style Attract Play (Mason Remix) (Factory 2007)
• Groove Rebels – Breakpoint (Mason Remix) (Hammerskjoeld / Media 2007)
• Unknown – Breathe (Mason Remix) (Boss/ Ministry of Sound 2007)
• Don Diablo - Blow your speakers (Mason Remix) (Ministry of Sound 2007)
• Cygnus X – The Orange Theme (Terry Toner & Mason remix) (Be Yourself Music 2007)
• Kid Dusty – Constant Rising (Mason Remix) (Python 2007)
• The Age Of Steam - Disco Mafia (Mason Remix) (CR2 2006)
• Joseph Armani presents Corkscrew – Elbow (Mason Remix) (Craft Music 2006)
• Ordinary Boys – Lonely At The Top (Mason Remix) (B-Unique 2006)
• Patrick Alavi – Quiet Punk (Mason Remix) (King Kong 2006)
• Beatfreakz – Superfreak (Mason Remix) (Data / Ministry of Sound 2006)
• Crime Club – The Beast (Mason Remix (Tiger Records / Kontor 2006)
• Monoloop - Hypersentual Love (Mason Remix) (Sugaspin 2006)
• Loft 17 - So Ready (Mason Remix) (Molto 2006)
• Don Diablo - Never 2 Late to die (Mason Remix) (Sellout Sessions 2006)
• Malente - Revolution (Mason Remix) (Unique 2006)
• Don Diablo - Blow your speakers (Mason Remix) (Sellout Sessions 2005)

External links[link]

• http://www.discogs.com/artist/Mason
• http://www.dj-mason.com/
• http://www.myspace.com/musicofmason
• Mason's manager -

George Mason
Born	George Mason (1725-12-11)December 11, 1725 Fairfax County, Colony of Virginia
Died	October 7, 1792(1792-10-07) (aged 66) Gunston Hall, Fairfax County, Virginia
Cause of death	natural causes
Residence	Gunston Hall, Fairfax County, Virginia
Nationality	British, American
Ethnicity	English American
Citizenship	Kingdom of Great Britain United States
Occupation	Patriot, statesman and delegate from Virginia to the U.S. Constitutional Convention
Religion	Anglican, Episcopalian
Spouse	Ann Eilbeck Sarah Brent
Children	George Mason V Ann Eilbeck Mason Johnson William Mason William Mason Thomson Mason Sarah Eilbeck Mason McCarty Mary Thomson Mason Cooke John Mason Elizabeth Mason Thornton Thomas Mason James Mason Richard Mason
Parents	George Mason III Ann Stevens Thomson

George Mason IV (December 11, 1725 – October 7, 1792) was an American Patriot, statesman and a delegate from Virginia to the U.S. Constitutional Convention. Along with James Madison, he is called the "Father of the Bill of Rights."^[1][2][3][4] For these reasons he is considered one of the "Founding Fathers" of the United States.^[5][6]

Like anti-federalist Patrick Henry, Mason was a leader of those who pressed for the addition of explicit States rights^[7] and individual rights to the U.S. Constitution as a balance to the increased federal powers, and did not sign the document in part because it lacked such a statement. His efforts eventually succeeded in convincing the Federalists to add the first ten amendments of the Constitution. These amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were based on the earlier Virginia Declaration of Rights, which Mason had drafted in 1776.

On the nagging issue of slavery, Mason walked a fine line. Although a slaveholder himself, he found slavery repugnant for a variety of reasons. He wanted to ban further importation of slaves from Africa and prevent slavery from spreading to more states. However, he did not want the new federal government to attempt to ban slavery where it already existed, because he anticipated that such an act would be difficult and controversial.

Family[link]

George Mason was born on December 11, 1725 to George and Ann Thomson Mason at the Mason family plantation in Fairfax County, Virginia. At the age of 10^[8], George's father died in 1735 in a boating accident on the Potomac, when the boat capsized and he drowned. After this event the younger Mason lived with his uncle John Mercer. On April 4, 1750, he married sixteen-year-old Ann Eilbeck, from a plantation in Charles County, Maryland.^[9] They lived in a house on his property in Dogue's Neck, Virginia. Mason completed construction of Gunston Hall, a plantation house on the Potomac River, in 1759. He and his wife had twelve children, nine of whom survived to adulthood. Mason's first child, George Mason V of Lexington,^[10] was born on April 30, 1753. He married Elizabeth Mary Ann Barnes Hooe (Betsy) on April 22, 1784, and after having six children, died on December 5, 1796. The next Mason offspring was Ann Eilbeck Mason, fondly known as Nancy. Born on January 13, 1755, she married Rinaldo Johnson on February 4, 1789 and had three children before dying in 1814. The third child was named William Mason, but he did not live over a year and died in 1757. The fourth child, born on October 22, 1757, was also named William Mason, and he married Ann Stuart on July 11, 1793. They had five children together, and he died in 1818. The fifth child was a son they named Thomson Mason. He was born on March 4, 1759 and died on March 11, 1820. Thomson married Sarah McCarty Chichester of Newington in 1784; they had eight children.

George Mason's sixth child, christened Sarah Eilbeck Mason but fondly known as Sally, was born on December 11, 1760 and married in 1778. She had ten children with her husband Daniel McCarty, Jr. before dying on September 11, 1823. The seventh of the Mason children was another girl, Mary Thomson Mason. She was born on January 24, 1764, and married John Travers Cooke on November 18, 1784, with whom she had ten children before dying in 1806. John Mason was Mason's eighth child, being born on April 4, 1766. He married Anna Marie Murray on February 14, 1796, had ten children, and died on March 19, 1849. The ninth child was a daughter named Elizabeth Mason. She was born on April 19, 1768 and died sometime between 1792 and June 1797. She married William Thornton in 1789 and they had two children. The tenth child, Thomas Mason, was born on May 1, 1770 and died on September 18, 1800. He married Sarah Barnes Hooe on April 22, 1793 and the two had four children together.

George Mason's last two children were James and Richard Mason; twins who were born in December, 1772 but died six weeks later. Their mother died three months later on March 9, 1773 due to complications. George Mason remarried on April 11, 1780 but did not have any children with his new wife, Sarah Brent. George Mason also suffered from the condition known as gout for a large part of his life, and in accordance with current medical treatment, relied upon bloodletting.

Mason had virtually no formal schooling and essentially educated himself from his uncle's library.^[11]

Politics[link]

Gunston Hall in May 2006, seen from the front

Mason served at the Virginia Convention in Williamsburg in 1776. During this time he created drafts of the first declaration of rights and state constitution in the Colonies. Both were adopted after committee alterations; the Virginia Declaration of Rights was adopted June 12, 1776, and the Virginia Constitution was adopted June 29, 1776.

Mason was appointed in 1786 to represent Virginia as a delegate to a Federal Convention, to meet in Philadelphia for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation. He served at the Federal Convention in Philadelphia from May to September 1787 and contributed significantly to the formation of the Constitution. "He refused to sign the Constitution, however, and returned to his native state as an outspoken opponent in the ratification contest." ^[12] One objection to the proposed Constitution was that it lacked a "declaration of rights". As a delegate to Virginia's ratification convention, he opposed ratification without amendment. Among the amendments he desired was a bill of rights. This opposition, both before and during the convention, may have cost Mason his long friendship with his neighbor George Washington, and is probably a leading reason why George Mason became less well-known than other U.S. founding fathers in later years. On December 15, 1791, the U.S. Bill of Rights, based primarily on George Mason's Virginia Declaration of Rights, was ratified in response to the agitation of Mason and others.

At the convention, Mason was one of the five most frequent speakers. Mason believed in the disestablishment of the church. Mason was a strong anti-federalist who wanted a weak central government, divided into three parts, with little power, leaving the several States with a preponderance of political power.^[7]

An important issue for him in the convention was the Bill of Rights. He did not want the United States to be like England. He foresaw sectional strife and feared the power of government.^[13]

Letter from Mason to George Washington congratulating him on victory at Boston, April 1776

Slavery[link]

A Virginia planter, Mason owned many African slaves. Like some of his contemporary slave owners (e.g. Thomas Jefferson and George Washington), Mason conceded that the institution was morally objectionable, once calling it a "slow Poison" that "is daily contaminating the Minds & Morals of our People."^[14] Mason favored the abolition of the slave trade, but he did not advocate for the immediate abolition of slavery. Like Jefferson, he owned slaves whom he did not manumit.

Two of Mason's stated reasons for opposing the U.S. Constitution were seemingly contradictory: on the one hand, he said that the draft Constitution did not specifically protect the right of states to let slavery continue where it already existed, and on the other hand he also said that the draft Constitution did not allow Congress to immediately stop the importation of slaves.^[14][15] Mason's immediate concern was to prevent more slaves from being imported, and to prevent slavery from spreading into more states.^[16] He was not eager to ban slavery where it already existed: "It is far from being a desirable property. But it will involve us in great difficulties and infelicity to be now deprived of them."^[16] Mason ostensibly balanced his anti-slavery argument that importation should stop, with a pro-slavery argument that the draft Constitution should protect slavery from being taxed out of existence; however, the latter argument had already been incorporated into the Constitution according to James Madison.^[17]

Because of his efforts to stop the spread of slavery, and his recognition of the undesirability of slavery, some historians have said that Mason should be categorized as an abolitionist.^[18] Other historians have disagreed.^[18]

Death and remembrance[link]

Bas-relief of George Mason in the chamber of the U.S. House of Representatives

George Mason Memorial statue in Washington, D.C.

George Mason died peacefully at his home, Gunston Hall, on October 7, 1792. Located in Mason Neck, Virginia, Gunston Hall is now a museum and tourist attraction. The George Mason Memorial in West Potomac Park, Washington, D.C., near the Thomas Jefferson Memorial, was dedicated on April 9, 2002. The George Mason Memorial Bridge, one of five that make up the 14th Street Bridge, connects Washington, D.C., to Virginia. George Mason Elementary School in Alexandria, Virginia, George Mason High School in Falls Church]], and George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, are named in his honor, as are Mason County, Kentucky, Mason County, West Virginia and Mason County, Illinois. He was honored by the United States Postal Service with an 18¢ Great Americans series postage stamp. A bas-relief of Mason appears in the Chamber of the U.S. House of Representatives as one of 23 honoring great lawmakers; his image is located above and to the right of the Speaker's chair.^[19] Society of Professional Journalists, Virginia Pro Chapter, presents an annual award named for Mason to a person who has made significant, lasting contribution to the practice of journalism in the Commonwealth.

See also[link]

• U.S. Constitution, slavery debate in Convention

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• Bailyn, Bernard, ed. (1993). The Debate on the Constitution: Federalist and Anti federalist Speeches, Articles, and Letters During the Struggle over Ratification, 2 vols. Library of America. 
• Broadwater, Jeff (2006-09-01). George Mason: Forgotten Founder. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Fred W. Morrison Fund for Southern Studies of the University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-3053-6. 
• Curtis, Barbara Jocelyn (1938). George Mason, Statesman, Rebel, Public Servant. 
• Hawkes, Robert T., Jr. (1996). "An Uncommon American Hero: George Mason And The Bill Of Rights". Northern Neck of Virginia Historical Magazine 1 (46): 5328–5338. 
• Henriques, Peter R. (1989). "An Uneven Friendship: The Relationship Between George Washington And George Mason". Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 2 (97): 185–204. 
• Jensen, Merrill et al., eds. (1976-). The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution of the United States, 20 vols. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin. 
• Ketcham, Ralph, ed. (1986). The Anti-Federalist Papers and the Constitutional Convention Debates. Penguin. ISBN 0-451-52884-0. 
• Lee, Emery G. (1997). "Representation, Virtue, and Political Jealousy in the Brutus-Publius Dialogue". The Journal of Politics (Cambridge University Press) 59 (4): 1073–1095. DOI:10.2307/2998593. JSTOR 2998593. 
• Leffler, Richard (1987). "The Case Of George Mason's Objections To The Constitution". Manuscripts 4 (39): 285–292. 
• Meltzer, Milton (1990). The Bill Of Rights: How We Got It And What It Means. New York: Thomas Crowell. ISBN 0-690-04805-X. 
• Miller, Helen Hill (July 2001) [1938]. George Mason, Constitutionalist. Safety Harbor, Fl.: Simon Publications. ISBN 1-931313-45-8. 
• Miller, Helen Hill (1966) [1938]. George Mason, Constitutionalist. Gloucester: P. Smith. ISBN 1-931313-45-8. 
• Pole, J.R., ed. (1987). The American Constitution--For And Against: The Federalist And Anti-Federalist Papers. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 0-8090-2466-7. 
• Rowland, Kate Mason (1892). The Life Of George Mason, 1725-1792. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-548-13895-8. http://books.google.com/?id=F0F6TuWe_LwC&dq=dogue's+neck. 
• Rutland, Robert A. (September 1980). George Mason : Reluctant Statesman. ISBN 0-8071-0696-8. 
• Rutland, Robert A., et al. eds. (1970). The papers of George Mason, 3 vols. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 
• Storing, Herbert, ed. (1985). The Anti-Federalist. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-77565-8. 
• Storing, Herbert; Murray Dry, eds. (1981). The Complete Anti-Federalist 7 vol. University of Chicago Press. 

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: George Mason

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: George Mason (statesman)

• George Mason biography
• Gunston Hall Home Page
• Amazing Mason by John J. Miller
• Website of George Mason University
• George Mason University Study Abroad- Center for Global Education
• MasonStudents - GMU's Student Run Discussion Forum

Jackie Mason
Jackie in 2006
Birth name	Yacov Moshe Maza
Born	(1936-06-09) June 9, 1936 (age 76) Sheboygan, Wisconsin, U.S.
Medium	Stand-up Television Film Radio
Nationality	American
Years active	1961–present
Genres	Political satire Observational comedy Improvisational comedy
Subject(s)	American politics International relations Current events Race relations Antisemitism Jewish culture American culture
Spouse	Jyll Rosenfeld (August 14, 1991–present)
Notable works and roles	The World According to Me! Hyman Krustofski in "Like Father, Like Clown", "Today I Am A Clown", "Once Upon a Time in Springfield", "The Ten-Per-Cent Solution", and "At Long Last Leave"
Website	jackiemason.com
Emmy Awards
Outstanding Voice-Over Performance 1992 The Simpsons - "Like Father, Like Clown"

Jackie Mason (born June 9, 1936) is an American stand-up comedian and movie actor.

Early life[link]

Born Yacov Moshe Maza in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, he grew up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City.

Mason graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from the City College of New York. At age 25, he was ordained a rabbi (as his three brothers, father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had been) in Latrobe, Pennsylvania.^[1] Three years later he resigned to become a comedian.

Comedy career[link]

Mason had several one-man comedy stage shows over the years. His first Broadway show was called The World According to Me, which was well-received. Later, he had a show at the John Golden Theatre, called Politically Incorrect, which ran into trademark problems because it was performed at the same time that Bill Maher's TV show Politically Incorrect was on the air. Bill Maher brought a lawsuit against Mason's production, which was dismissed as 'frivolous.' To this day, Mason is able to use this show title, and it is one of his most successful road productions. Between these shows, Mason played the lead in a short-lived television show called Chicken Soup alongside Lynn Redgrave.

In 1992, Mason won an Emmy Award for his voice-over of Rabbi Hyman Krustofski in The Simpsons episode "Like Father, Like Clown",^[2] making him the first guest star to win an Emmy for his role. Mason has also appeared in The Simpsons episodes "Today I Am A Clown," "Once Upon a Time in Springfield," "The Ten-Per-Cent Solution," and "At Long Last Leave."

In a 2005 poll to find the Comedian's Comedian, Mason was voted among the top-50 comedy acts ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders. He was also ranked #63 in Comedy Central Presents: 100 Greatest Stand-Ups of All Time.^[3]

His full length motion picture One Angry Man has been released in 2010 throughout the US and Canada.

Mason has completed a new full length feature film "Jackie Goldberg Private Dick" for release in late 2011.

Mason was a comedian at the Fieldston Hotel in Swan Lake, NY in the summer of 1955. He was let go because his act was too far ahead of its time. The patrons had never been exposed to a comic who seemed to be ridiculing them. A few years later, Don Rickles came along, but by then audiences had become open to this brand of humor.

Personal life[link]

On August 14, 1991; Mason married Jyll Rosenfeld.

Controversy[link]

1968 ad for the Jackie Mason Show

"Middle finger" incident[link]

On October 18, 1964 in an appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, Mason allegedly gave host Ed Sullivan the finger on air. Footage of the incident shows Mason doing his stand-up comedy act and then looking toward Sullivan, commenting that Sullivan was signaling him. Sullivan was reportedly letting Mason know (by pointing two fingers) that he had only a couple minutes left, as the program was about to cut away to show a speech by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Mason began working his own fingers in his act to make fun of the situation, and pointed toward Sullivan with his middle finger slightly separated. Sullivan was clearly angered by this, and banned Mason from the show. Mason denied knowingly giving Sullivan the middle finger (he later claimed that he had never even heard of the middle finger gesture at that time). In retaliation, to protect the perceived threat to his career, Mason filed a libel suit at the New York Supreme Court, which he won.^[4] He made a comeback appearance on the TV program two years later, and Sullivan publicly apologized to him. At that time, Mason opened his monologue by saying, "It is a great thrill...and a fantastic opportunity to see me in person again." Mason would never appear on the show again.

Use of the term schvartze[link]

In 1991, Mason was criticized by African-American organizations such as the NAACP when he called New York mayor David Dinkins "a fancy schvartze with a moustache."^[5] He later apologized.

Mason referred to Barack Obama as a "schvartze" during a performance in New York City on March 12, 2009.

Statements on Arabs in Israel[link]

Mason counseled Israeli leaders to consider the total expulsion of Palestinians from Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza Strip.^[6] Mason and Raoul Felder wrote, “We have paralyzed ourselves by our sickening fear of World Opinion, which is why we find it impossible to face one simple fact: We will never win this war unless we immediately threaten to drive every Arab out of Israel if the killing doesn't stop.”^[6] They added:

Jews for Jesus lawsuit[link]

On August 28, 2006, Mason filed a lawsuit against the group Jews for Jesus for using his likeness in a pamphlet.^[7] His image was used next to the tag line "Jackie Mason...a Jew for Jesus!?" Mason said in court papers filed in New York:

Mason has claimed that the group was using his image and fame to gain attention and converts. The group responded to the suit by saying, "Shame on him for getting so upset about this."^[7] The lawsuit was settled in 2006, with Jews for Jesus apologizing.^[8]

One Jerusalem[link]

In January 2001, Mason co-founded the organization One Jerusalem in response to the Oslo peace agreement. Its stated cause is "Maintaining a united Jerusalem as the un-divided capital of Israel.”^[9]

Works[link]

Selected TV, film and radio roles[link]

• The Ed Sullivan Show (1961–1968) frequent guest appearances
• The Stoolie (1972) - Roger Pitman
• Sleeper (1973) - Voice of robot tailor (uncredited)
• The Jerk (1979) - Harry Hartounian
• History of the World: Part I (1981) - Jew #2
• Jackie Mason Radio Show live from Rum Runner Bay, Miami Beach (1982) produced by John L.Woolley
• Caddyshack II (1988) - Jack Hartounian
• Chicken Soup (1989) - Jackie Fisher
• The Simpsons - Rabbi Hyman Krustofski in six episodes:
  • "Like Father, Like Clown" (1991)
  • "Today I Am a Clown" (2003)
  • "Once Upon a Time in Springfield" (2009)
  • "Treehouse of Horror XXII" (2011)
  • "The Ten-Per-Cent Solution" (2011)
  • "At Long Last Leave" (2012)
• The Fairly OddParents episode "Beddy Bye/The Grass Is Greener" (2003) - Harvey Sandman a.k.a. The Sandman, a.k.a. The Mattress King
• The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - The Quandary Phase (2005) - The East River Lifeform
• 30 Rock episode The Collection (2007) - Himself (small guest appearance)
• The Drinky Crow Show episode "Aspire" (2009) - Mort Cooper
• Jackie Goldberg: Private Dick (2010) - Jackie Goldberg
• Answer Me This! Episode 206 (2012) - Jackie Mason
• Graham Norton BBC Radio 4 Show! (2012) - Jackie Mason

Television specials[link]

• Jackie Mason's The World According to Me! (1988)
• An Audience with Jackie Mason (1990)
• Jackie Mason on Campus (1992)
• Jackie Mason at the London Palladium (1996)
• Jackie Mason: A Night at the Opera (2002)

Discography[link]

• I'm the Greatest Comedian in the World, Only Nobody Knows it Yet! (1962)
• I Want to Leave You with the Words of a Great Comedian (1963)
• The World According to Me! (1987)
• Brand New (1991)
• Politically Incorrect
• In Israel
• Live at the London Palladium (1997)
• All New! Much Ado About Everything (2003)
• Prune Danish
• The Unholy Tour
• Freshly Squeezed
• The Ultimate Jew (2008)

One-man shows[link]

• Jackie Mason's the World According to Me! (1986–1988)
• Jackie Mason: Brand New (1990–1991)
• Jackie Mason: Politically Incorrect (1994–1995)
• Love Thy Neighbor (1996–1997)
• Much Ado About Everything (1999–2000)
• Jackie Mason: Prune Danish (2002–2003)
• Jackie Mason: Freshly Squeezed (2005–2006)
• Jackie Mason: The Ultimate Jew (2008)

Video blogging[link]

Mason has appeared in over 200 self-written video blog entries on YouTube, in which he gives his opinions on current events and politics. He has also experimented with podcasting, and in February 2012 appeared on the cult British podcast Answer Me This!, to promote his West End stand-up show, Fearless.

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Jackie Mason

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jackie Mason

• Official website
• Jackie Mason at the Internet Movie Database
• Radio Interview on Air America
• Interview (Jackie Mason interview starts at 55:18), Mark Levin Talk Radio Show, 27 June 2008
• Jackie Mason speaks about gun control on LiveLeak
• Jackie Mason radio interview WSLR with Doug Miles
• Jackie Mason ANDMagazine Interview