An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, issued to authorized users, or any combination of those. Over the centuries, this has included every variant of such a place, whether privately or publicly owned (with the latter in older royal and modern state-owned versions).

Armories and arsenals are both places where arms or ammunition may be made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued. The usage differences between the names is mainly a matter of historical linguistic development. It is a common principle in natural language that synonyms have subtle connotative boundaries (albeit ones that may be somewhat permeable over time and distance).

The word ''arsenal'' appears in various forms in Romance languages (from which it has been adopted into the Germanic languages), i.e. Italian ''arsenale'', Spanish ''arsenal'' etc.; Italian also has ''arzana'' and ''darsena'', and Spanish a longer form ''atarazana''. The word is of Arabic origin, being a corruption of ''dar as-sina'ah'', "house of manufacturing" or "manufacture". Alternative derivations, such as ''arx navalis'', "naval citadel", ''arx senatus'' (i.e. of Venice, etc.), have been discounted. For Early Modern Europe, ''the'' Arsenal was the Venetian Arsenal.

A first-class arsenal, which can furnish the material and equipment of a large army, embraces a gun factory, carriage factory, laboratory and small-arms ammunition factory, small-arms factory, harness, saddlery and tent factories, and a powder factory; in addition it must possess great store-houses. In a second-class arsenal the factories would be replaced by workshops. The situation of an arsenal should be governed by strategic considerations. If of the first class, it should be situated at the base of operations and supply, secure from attack, not too near a frontier, and placed so as to draw in readily the resources of the country. The importance of a large arsenal is such that its defences would be on the scale of those of a large fortress.

The usual subdivision of branches in a great arsenal is into ''storekeeping'', ''construction'' and ''administration''. Under ''storekeeping'' we should have the following departments and stores: Departments of issue and receipt, pattern room, armoury department, ordnance or park, harness, saddlery and accoutrements, camp equipment, tools and instruments, engineer store, timber yard, breaking-up store, unserviceable store. Under ''construction'': Gun factory, carriage factory, laboratory, small-arms factory, harness and tent factory, powder factory, etc. In a second-class arsenal there would be workshops instead of these factories. ''Administration'': Under the head of administration would be classed as the chief director of the arsenal, officials military and civil, non-commissioned officers and military artificers, civilian foremen, workmen and laborers, with the clerks and writers necessary for the office work of the establishments.

In the manufacturing branches are required skill, and efficient and economical work, both executive and administrative; in the storekeeping part, good arrangement, great care, thorough knowledge of all warlike stores, both in their active and passive state, and scrupulous exactness in the custody, issue and receipt of stores. Frederick Taylor introduced command and control techniques to arsenals, including the U.S.'s Watertown Arsenal (a principal center for artillery design and manufacture) and Frankford Arsenal (a principal center for small arms ammunition design and manufacture).

References

See also

Armory (military)

Category:Arsenals Category:Arabic words and phrases

bn:আর্সেনাল be:Арсенал be-x-old:Арсэнал ca:Arsenal (armament) da:Arsenal de:Arsenal et:Arsenal es:Arsenal (armamento) eo:Armilejo fa:زرادخانه fr:Arsenal io:Arsenalo it:Arsenale ka:არსენალი (იარაღი) kk:Арсенал nl:Arsenaal (algemeen) ja:工廠 no:Arsenal pl:Arsenał ru:Арсенал scn:Arsinali sl:Arzenal fi:Arsenaali sv:Vapensmedja uk:Арсенал zh:兵工廠

Coordinates	28°1′″N69°32′″N
playername	Charlie Nicholas
fullname	Charles Nicholas
dateofbirth	December 30, 1961
cityofbirth	Glasgow
countryofbirth	Scotland
position	Forward
years1	1980–1983
years2	1983–1987
years3	1987–1990
years4	1990–1995
years5	1995–1996
clubs1	Celtic
clubs2	Arsenal
clubs3	Aberdeen
clubs4	Celtic
clubs5	Clyde
caps1	74
caps2	151
caps3	78
caps4	114
caps5	31
goals1	48
goals2	34
goals3	30
goals4	37
goals5	5
totalcaps	448
totalgoals	154
nationalyears1	1983–1989
nationalteam1	Scotland
nationalcaps1	20
nationalgoals1	5 }}

Charles "Charlie" Nicholas (born 30 December 1961 in Cowcaddens, Glasgow, Scotland) is a former professional football player from Scotland. During his career, he played as a striker for Celtic, Arsenal, Aberdeen and Clyde, and the Scottish national team. Since retiring as a player, he has worked as a sports journalist.

Club career

Celtic

Nicholas started his career with Celtic, making his debut in 1980, at the age of 18. He had a superb 1982-83 season which saw him score a total of 50 goals in all competitions (including 29 in the league) and win the Scottish Footballer of the Year and Young Player of the Year awards.

Nicholas had the envious choice of being offered a contract at Liverpool, Manchester United and Arsenal. He had interviews at both Liverpool and Manchester United. The Scottish players at Liverpool at that time, particularly Graeme Souness, were trying their best to persuade Nicholas to join them.

In total, he played 84 league games for Celtic, scoring an impressive 48 goals.

Arsenal

He moved to Arsenal on 22 June 1983 for £800,000. However, Nicholas did not live up to the hype surrounding his move; His lifestyle in the capital was the subject of much tabloid speculation, earning him the nickname "Champagne Charlie"; he only scored 11 goals in his first season (although two were against Tottenham in the North London derby).

Nicholas barely broke double figures in the following seasons, and fell out with Arsenal's new manager George Graham with the latter's arrival in 1986. Despite scoring both goals in Arsenal's 2-1 League Cup final victory over Liverpool in 1987, Nicholas was dropped four games into the start of the 1987-88 season, in favour of Perry Groves as the strike-partner for new signing Alan Smith.

In all he scored 54 goals in 184 matches for the Gunners. His best season goals wise was the 1983-84 campaign, where he scored 11 times in the league.

Back to Scotland

Nicholas was sold to Aberdeen in January 1988 for £400,000,

After a slow start at Pittodrie (three goals in 16 league games in the 1987-88 season), he rediscovering his form and scored 16 league goals in the 1988-89 season, netting a further 11 league goals in 1989-90 and also winning the SFA Cup, before returning to Celtic in August 1990. He had played 78 league games for the Dons in two and a half years, scoring 30 goals.

His comeback season at Parkhead was something of a disappointment as he played just 14 games and scored six goals in the league, but was much better in 1991-92 with 21 league goals, though once again Celtic failed to win any silverware. He lost his place in the team halfway through 1992-93 as Celtic bought Frank McAvennie, but regained his place the following season as McAvennie fell out of favour and was eventually discarded. However, his final season at the club was a disappointment as he played in just 12 out of 36 league games and failed to score a single goal. In July 1995, after five years back at Celtic (during which time he had played 114 league games and scored 37 league goals) he left on a free transfer to join Clyde, where he spent one season and scored five times in 31 league games before retiring as a player.

International career

Ncholas made 20 appearances for the Scottish national football team, scoring 5 goals.

Career after retirement

Nicholas now works as a pundit on the Sky Sports News programme Soccer Saturday and Sky Sports' coverage of the Scottish Premier League Scottish Cup and Scotland Internationals. He is also a part-time newspaper columnist. In April 2010, Nicholas criticised Celtic's majority shareholder Dermot Desmond. He accused Desmond and the board of presiding over the worst Celtic squad he had ever seen. Nicholas was quoted criticising Desmond's handling of the club, accusing him of treating the Glasgow club like "a toy" and failing to invest properly in the playing staff.

Honours

;Celtic

Scottish Premier League winner: 1980–81, 1981–82

Scottish League Cup winner: 1983

Scottish League Cup runner-up: 1995

;Arsenal

Football League Cup winner: 1987

;Aberdeen

Scottish Premier League runner-up: 1988–89, 1989–90

Scottish Cup winner: 1990

Scottish League Cup winner: 1990

Scottish League Cup runner-up: 1989

References

Category:Scottish footballers Category:Arsenal F.C. players Category:Celtic F.C. players Category:Aberdeen F.C. players Category:Clyde F.C. players Category:Scotland international footballers Category:Scotland B international footballers Category:1986 FIFA World Cup players Category:Scottish Football League players Category:The Football League players Category:1961 births Category:Living people

da:Charlie Nicholas de:Charlie Nicholas fr:Charlie Nicholas it:Charlie Nicholas he:צ'ארלי ניקולס pl:Charlie Nicholas pt:Charlie Nicholas ru:Николас, Чарли

Coordinates	28°1′″N69°32′″N
playername	Jack Wilshere
fullname	Jack Andrew Garry Wilshere
height
dateofbirth	January 01, 1992
cityofbirth	Stevenage
countryofbirth	England
currentclub	Arsenal
clubnumber	19
position	Centre midfielder
youthyears1	2001–2008
youthclubs1	Arsenal
years1	2008–
clubs1	Arsenal
caps1	37
goals1	1
years2	2010
clubs2	→ Bolton Wanderers (loan)
caps2	14
goals2	1
goals3
nationalyears1	2006–2007
nationalyears2	2007–2009
nationalyears3	2009–
nationalyears4	2009–
nationalyears5	2010–
nationalteam1	England U16
nationalteam2	England U17
nationalteam3	England U19
nationalteam4	England U21
nationalteam5	England
nationalcaps1	2
nationalcaps2	9
nationalcaps3	1
nationalcaps4	7
nationalcaps5	5
nationalgoals1	0
nationalgoals2	1
nationalgoals3	0
nationalgoals4	0
nationalgoals5	0
pcupdate	10:03, 23 May 2011 (UTC)
ntupdate	18:10, 4 June 2011 (UTC) }}

Jack Andrew Garry Wilshere (born 1 January 1992) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Arsenal and the England national team.

Wilshere came up through Arsenal's youth academy and impressed from an early age. He made his first team debut in 2008, at the age of 16, and was Arsenal's youngest ever league debutante. In his short career thus far Wilshere has earned a number of accolades including the PFA Young Player of the Year, PFA Team of the Year, and Arsenal's Player of the Season as voted on by the fans for his performances in his first full campaign for Arsenal during the 2010–11 season. Wilshere's impressive displays for both club and country have lead many to consider him one of the most exciting young talents in world football.

Early and personal life

Wilshere was born in Stevenage, Hertfordshire and currently lives in Hitchin, where he grew up, attending Whitehill Primary School and The Priory School. He captained The Priory School Football team to County Cup and District Cup glory from Year 7 through to Year 10, and also added the Under 15s National Cup to his list in Year 8, playing alongside Leyton Orient's Jake Argent-Martin and Jack Reeves.

Club career

Youth and Reserves

Wilshere joined the Arsenal Academy in October 2001 at the age of nine. He rose through the ranks, and at the age of 15 was named the captain of the under-16s; he also made a few appearances for the Under-18s. In the summer of 2007 Wilshere featured in the Champions Youth Cup and upon his return to England, Arsenal Academy coach Steve Bould gave him a start for the Under-18s first game against the Chelsea Under-18 team. He scored his first goal against Aston Villa Under-18s in a 4–1 win. He then scored a hat-trick against Watford Under-18s, helping his side to an Academy Group A title. He finished his first full season with the Under-18s with a impressive 13 goals in 18 appearances most of which while he was just only 15.

In February 2008, he made his debut for Arsenal Reserves aged 16 against Reading, and scored Arsenal's only goal of the match, which ended in a draw. He scored a memorable goal against West Ham reserves in March, picking the ball up and curling a shot into the top corner under the watching eye of Arsene Wenger. He managed to record 2 goals and 2 assists in just 3 appearances for the reserves at the end of the 2007–08 season. He played in the Under-16s victory in the Atalanta Cup, being named as player of the tournament. He played an important role in Arsenal's 2009 FA Youth Cup win, scoring goals in the semi final and producing a man-of-the-match display in the first leg of the final against Liverpool, assisting two goals and scoring himself.

2008–09 season

In July 2008, Wilshere was selected in the first team for the pre-season friendlies. He made his first team debut against Barnet as a half-time substitute for Henri Lansbury, setting up a goal for Jay Simpson. Wilshere scored his first two goals for Arsenal in a 10–2 win against a Burgenland XI, and again two days later in a friendly against Stuttgart.

Arsenal manager Arsène Wenger gave Wilshere a place in Arsenal's first team squad for the 2008–09 season, and he was given the number 19 shirt which he has retained to this day. He made his competitive debut in a Premier League match against Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park in September 2008, as an 84th-minute substitute for Robin van Persie. At the age of 16 years and 256 days, he was Arsenal's youngest-ever league debutante, a record previously held by Cesc Fàbregas. Ten days later, on 23 September, Wilshere scored his first competitive Arsenal goal in a 6–0 victory against Sheffield United in the Football League Cup. On 25 November 2008, Wilshere came on as a substitute in a UEFA Champions League match against Dynamo Kyiv, becoming the fifth sixteen-year-old to ever play in the Champions League. In January 2009 Wilshere signed his first professional contract, extending it in July the same year.

2009–10 season

In the preparation for the 2009–10 season, Wilshere scored twice and was twice awarded Man of the Match as Arsenal regained the friendly tournament, the Emirates Cup. On 22 September 2009, he started for Arsenal in their 2–0 Football League Cup win over West Bromwich Albion. In the 37th minute of the match, he was involved in a controversial incident with Jerome Thomas as Thomas pushed Wilshere's face and was shown a red card.

Loan to Bolton Wanderers

On 29 January 2010, Wilshere joined Premier League side Bolton Wanderers on loan until the end of the 2009–10 season. He made his first league start in the away game at Manchester City on 9 February, and scored his first Bolton goal, his first in the Premier League, on 6 March 2010 in the 2–1 victory at West Ham United. He impressed at Bolton and they tried, unsuccessfully, to sign him on loan for another season.

2010–11 season

The 2010–11 football season was a year of breakthrough for Wilshere. On 15 August 2010, he made his first start in the Premier League for Arsenal against Liverpool at Anfield. He followed that up with another start the next weekend against Blackpool contributing with an assist. On 15 September, Wilshere started his first Champions League game of the season providing an assist along with an impressive performance. Wilshere was named Arsenal's Player of The Month for September 2010. On 16 October, Wilshere received his first straight red card in first-team football in a Premier League match against Birmingham City for a challenge on Nikola Žigić. On 19 October, Wilshere scored his first Champions League goal with a chip over Andriy Pyatov at the Emirates Stadium for Arsenal in a 5–1 thrashing of Shakhtar Donetsk in the group stage. On 1 November, it was announced that Wilshere had signed a new long-term contract. On 27 November, Wilshere scored his first Premier League goal for Arsenal in a 4–2 win at Aston Villa. Wilshere was praised for his highly influential display against Barcelona in Arsenal's 2–1 victory, he completed a impressive 93.5% of his passes overall and 91% of his passes in the final third of the pitch. Manager Arsene Wenger described his performance as "outstanding". In April 2011, Wilshere won the PFA Young Player of the Year award, and was also named in the PFA Team of the Year for the 2010–11 season, along with Arsenal team-mates Samir Nasri and Bacary Sagna. In his breakthrough season he was also voted Arsenal's Player of the Season, ahead of the likes of van Persie and Nasri.

Style of play

Wilshere is a player known for his movement, aggression, dribbling, vision, passing and combination play. More recently, Owen Coyle, manager of Bolton during Wilshere's loan spell, praised his ability to "tackle and take a knock", despite his lack of height. He has been compared to former England great Paul Gascoigne for his attributes as an all-round midfielder. However, Arsenal head of youth development Liam Brady noted that Wilshere had problems with his temper early on in his career.

Wilshere has been used in a number of positions, including attacking midfielder, winger, and most recently deep-lying central midfielder, where he has played in all but one of Arsenal's matches during the 2010–11 season. In Wenger's words: 'He's a box-to-box player, more than just a holding midfielder.

International career

Since 2006, the England national football team have decided to play Wilshere in an age group above his age. Wilshere was just 14 when he played for the England national under-16 football team at the Victory Shield in 2006. At the age of 15, he began playing for the England national under-17 football team. He was then named in the squad for the 2009 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship in May, starting the first two games, particularly impressing in the 2nd game against Germany before going off with an injury which kept him out of the final game. After the tournament, he was named among the 10 future stars from the tournament.

He has also been praised by England manager Fabio Capello, who indicated there was a chance that he would include the young midfielder in his 2010 FIFA World Cup squad, though this did not happen. He also came on as substitute for his England U-21 debut against the Netherlands.

On 7 August 2010, Wilshere was called up to the Senior squad for the first time for their friendly against Hungary on 11 August. He made his England debut on 11 August 2010, coming on as a 83rd minute substitute for Steven Gerrard against Hungary. This made him the 10th youngest player ever to play for the English national team.

On 9 February 2011 he made his full England debut when he started in a friendly against Denmark. He impressed despite playing in an unfamiliar role just in front of the defence and was praised by Fabio Capello.

Career statistics

Club

''Statistics accurate as of 22 May 2011'' 0 0 1 1 0

Club	Season	League	FA Cup	League Cup	Europe	Total
!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists
rowspan="2" valign="center"	Arsenal		1	|	0	2	0	0	3	1	1	2	0	0	8	1	1
2009-10 in English football	2009–10	1	|	0	1	0	0	2	0	0	3	0	0	7	0	0
rowspan="1" valign="center"	Bolton Wanderers (loan)		14	|	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	1	1
rowspan="1" valign="center"	Arsenal		35	|	3	2	0	0	5	0	3	7	1	3	49	2	9
rowspan="1" valign="center"	Arsenal		0	|	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arsenal total	! 37 !! 1 !! 3 !! 5 !! 0 !! 0 !! 9 !! 1 !! 4 !! 12 !! 1 !! 3 !! 64 !! 3 !! 10
Career total	! 51 !! 2 !! 4 !! 5 !! 0 !! 0 !! 9 !! 1 !! 4 !! 12 !! 1 !! 3 !! 78 !! 4 !! 11

National team

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align: center" |- ! National team !! Club !! Year !! Apps !! Goals !! Assists |- |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;"|England |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:center;"|Arsenal |2010 || 1 || 0 || 0 |- |2011 || 4 || 0 || 1 |- ! colspan="3" |Total !! 5 !! 0 !! 1 |}

Personal life

On 31 March 2011, it was announced that Jack was set to become a father in August 2011, after his now reunited girlfriend, 22-year-old Lauren Neal, is pregnant with his child.

In the same month, Wilshere allegedly spat on a taxi driver after he refused to drive him home. It was said that the taxi driver was wearing a rival teams hat.

Wilshere will appear on the UK and Ireland cover of FIFA 12 alongside Wayne Rooney.

Honours

Arsenal

Winner:

Premier Academy League: 2008–09

FA Youth Cup: 2008–09

Runner-up:

Football League Cup: 2010–11

International

Winner:

Victory Shield: 2006, 2007

Individual

PFA Young Player of the Year: 2010–11

PFA Team of the Year: 2010–11

References

External links

Jack Wilshere profile at Arsenal.com

ESPNsoccernet profile

Category:1992 births Category:Living people Category:People from Stevenage Category:People from Hitchin Category:English footballers Category:England youth international footballers Category:England under-21 international footballers Category:England international footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Association football wingers Category:Arsenal F.C. players Category:Bolton Wanderers F.C. players Category:Premier League players

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Coordinates	28°1′″N69°32′″N
{{infobox football biography | name	Roberto Mancini | image

Roberto Mancini (born 27 November 1964) is an Italian football manager, formerly an international player and current manager of Premier League club Manchester City.

As a player Mancini was best known for his time at Sampdoria, where he played more than 550 league matches, and helped them win the Serie A league title, four Coppa Italias and the Cup Winners Cup, whilst being capped 36 times by Italy. As a player he gained a penchant as a future manager and would often give team talks at half-time and ultimately became an assistant to Sven Goran Eriksson at Lazio in the twilight of his playing career. After his retirement, Mancini embarked on a successful managerial career. A cup specialist, Mancini has never failed to reach a semi-final of a major cup competition in every season he has managed and has guided the clubs he managed to a record 5 consecutive Coppa Italia finals from 2004 to 2008, with Lazio once in 2004 and with Inter in the following 4 seasons.

Mancini's first managerial role was at a cash stricken Fiorentina at only 35 years old and managed to win a Coppa Italia, but left with Fiorentina facing bankruptcy. Months later, he took over as manager at Lazio, where again he inherited financial constraints and was forced to lose a number of key players. With limited resources during his two season tenure, he still managed to win another Coppa Italia, reach a UEFA Cup semi-final, and secure a lucrative Champions League place.

In 2004, Mancini was given the chance to manage a major club, being offered the manager's job at Internazionale. During his tenure at Inter, the club won 3 consecutive Serie A titles (an Inter club record) and a European record 17 consecutive league game victories stretching nearly half a season. and became Inter's most successful manager in 30 years. Despite his domestic success, many pundits saw the repeated failure to win the coveted Champions League as the main reason for his sacking in 2008.

After being out of football for over a year, Mancini was appointed Manchester City manager in December 2009 and his team-building achievements at Lazio and Inter were a factor in his appointment. In the 2010-11 season, his first full season at City, Mancini guided the club to lucrative Champions League football and the FA Cup, and has moulded City into a sound defensive unit. He maintains a tradition of wearing a scarf of his club's colours, something which has been continued at Manchester City.

Early life

Mancini was born in the small town of Jesi, Italy in 1964 but then moved onto the mountain town of Rocadaspida, Italy and was raised by Aldo and Marianna Mancini along with his younger sister, Stephanie. Raised a Roman Catholic, his young life in Jesi revolved around religion and football. He was an altar boy and played for the local ''Aurora Calcio'' football team in his youth. On one occasion a fixture clashed with his first Holy Communion. Halfway through the ceremony the young eight year old Mancini was nowhere to be seen. His local priest who was administering his first communion frequently coached ''Calcio'', he heard they were losing 2–0 at half-time and so he asked a young Mancini quietly after receiving his communion if he had his football kit and boots with him. Roberto said they were in the changing rooms and so he told him to sneak out of the side door and put them on because his team needed him unbeknownst to his father. Roberto Mancini used to be as a pizza delivery boy

Playing career

Overview

Mancini debuted in the Italian Serie A for Bologna on 12 September 1981. The following year he was bought by Sampdoria, for whom he played until 1997. Later he played for Lazio (1997–2000) and Leicester City (2001).

In Italy

With Sampdoria, he formed a dynamic strike partnership with Gianluca Vialli, and helped the club to its only league title in 1991, four Coppa Italias (1985, 1988, 1989 and 1994) and a Cup Winners' Cup in 1990. He also appeared in the final of the 1991–1992 European Cup against Barcelona.

With Lazio he won his second ''scudetto'' (2000) and Cup Winners' Cup titles (1999) as well as two more Coppa Italias (1998 and 2000). In the 1999–2000 season, Lazio won the Scudetto and Coppa Italia, but Mancini failed to score in 20 matches and he announced his playing retirement. He joined Lazio’s coaching staff as Sven-Goran Eriksson’s number two.

Leicester City

Joining Leicester City in January 2001, Mancini made his Premier League debut against Arsenal at the age of 36, but failed to complete 90 minutes in his five appearances for the club. In early February, he was given leave of absence, citing personal reasons. However, he telephoned the club on 14 February, and informed them he would not be returning to England (he had been offered the manager's job at Fiorentina). Despite this, he cites his time at Leicester as the period during which he fell in love with the English game, and which later prompted him to accept the job at Manchester City.

International career

Despite success at club level, Mancini never became a regular for Italy. At U-21 level, Mancini was part of the team which reached the semi-finals in UEFA U-21 Championship 1984 and finished runners-up in UEFA U-21 Championship 1986. He made his international debut in 1984 against Canada, won 36 caps and scored four goals for his country (including a goal against West Germany at Euro 88). He was also a non-playing member of the Italian squad at 1990 World Cup, being kept out of the side by Gianluca Vialli and Roberto Baggio. His international career ended after a dispute with national team coach Arrigo Sacchi, when Mancini was upset because he would not be guaranteed a first team place at the 1994 World Cup. Fierce competition for places hindered his international opportunities with forward players like Gianfranco Zola, Roberto Baggio and later Francesco Totti and Alessandro Del Piero hastened his self-imposed exile from the Italian national team.

Managerial career

Fiorentina

Although Mancini had written a research pamphlet entitled "Il Trequartista". which examined the role of an attacking midfielder, he had not as yet attained the necessary coaching badges to become a manager. He therefore needed special dispensation from the Italian football authorities to take the post at Fiorentina. Fiorentina was plagued by financial problems. He made occasional playing appearances himself. According to various sources, Mancini sometimes worked unpaid and even received death threats as key players such as Rui Costa and Francesco Toldo had to be sold. Despite this, Mancini managed to win the Coppa Italia before quitting in January 2002, after just 10 months in the job, with Fiorentina in the relegation zone of Serie A. Fiorentina were subsequently relegated in June 2002.

Lazio

In May 2002, Mancini was appointed manager of Lazio. He was again restricted by financial considerations, having to sell key players such as Hernan Crespo and Alessandro Nesta, and players were forced to take an 80% pay cut. However, in his first season with Lazio, the club reached the semi-finals of the UEFA Cup. In the 2003–2004, Lazio won the Coppa Italia. Lazio finished fourth in 2003 and sixth in 2004. Before the start of the 2004–05 season, rumours circulated in the Italian press that Inter had approached Mancini to fill the recently vacated managerial position at the club. Shortly after, Mancini quit Lazio and announced that he would be joining Inter.

Internazionale

Under Mancini, Inter soon won the club's first domestic trophy since 1989. Inter became the dominant team in Italy.

In Mancini's first season, Inter won the Coppa Italia with a 3–0 victory over Roma at the San Siro Stadium. Inter finished third in Serie A and reached the Champions League quarter-finals only to be knocked out by city rivals AC Milan 3–0 on aggregate. In August 2005, Inter won the Italian Super Cup for the second time in their history with a 1–0 victory over Juventus.

Inter again won the Italian Cups and Italian Super Cup. Following the Calciopoli scandal, Juventus were stripped of the Scudetto title which was handed to Inter instead.

Inter achieved a record-breaking run of 17 consecutive victories in Serie A, starting on 25 September 2006 with a 4–1 home win over Livorno and ending on 28 February 2007 after a 1–1 draw at home to Udinese. The run lasted for almost five months and is among the best in European league football history. Inter won a second successive league title with 5 games to spare and only losing one league game all season. Inter finished with a record-breaking 97 points, which is an Italian football record and, until 2010, was a European record.

Mancini became the third coach in Inter history to win back-to-back league titles after Alfredo Foni (1952–53 and 1953–54) and Helenio Herrera (1964–65 and 1965–66).

Inter also progressed to the Coppa Italia and Italian Super Cup for the third consecutive season, but were beaten in both finals by AS Roma. However, once again, Inter struggled in Europe. In the Champions League they were knocked out in the first round by Valencia. At the end of the game there was a mass brawl involving both sets of players. Mancini was not involved in the incident, but camera footage showed him attempting to block a camera's view, before he was seen shrugging his shoulders and walking away.

This was Mancini's fourth, and final, season in charge of Inter. His reputation continued to grow as he added a third consecutive Serie A title to his honours. Again he guided Inter to the Coppa Italia final, but lost for a second consecutive season to Roma, 2–1 at the Stadio Olimpico.

Despite his successes, the inability to make any real progress in the Champions League displeased Inter owner Massimo Moratti. Inter were knocked out in the Second Round of the UEFA Champions League by Liverpool. In March 2008, amid rumours that he was to be sacked and replaced by José Mourinho at the end of the season, Mancini announced his intention to step down at the end of the 2007–08 season. He rescinded this decision a day later after meeting with Inter president Massimo Moratti.

On 29 May 2008, Inter officially announced the sacking of Mancini. Club Chairman Massimo Moratti justified the sacking by pointing to Mancini's negative comments after the Liverpool defeat. He was replaced by Jose Mourinho.

Out of football

Mancini was linked to the vacant Chelsea job in May 2008 and then the Notts County job On 30 October 2009, Mancini won compensation for his sacking by Inter. However, the contract settlement meant Mancini was actually unemployable by any other club from May 2008 to October 2009. It was rumoured that Mancini was entitled to a €16m pay-off, in the end he reportedly settled for a €5m.

Manchester City

On 19 December 2009, Mancini was publicly revealed to be taking over as manager of Manchester City on a three and a half year deal following the sacking of Mark Hughes. With wealthy Arab owners who were willing to invest heavily in the team, Manchester City had become a club expectant of success.

2009–10

Having been appointed half-way through the season, Mancini's arrival had an immediate impact on City's form, with four consecutive wins. Mancini won his first ever Manchester Derby 2–1 in a Carling Cup semi-final first leg. However United won the second-leg 3–1, and eliminated City from the competition.

In April, Manchester City moved into fourth place in the Premier League. However, on May 5, a single goal defeat at home to Tottenham Hotspur meant that City missed out on a Champions League place. City finished the season in 5th place, their highest Premier League finish. There had been speculation that Mancini might lose his job if Manchester City did not to secure Champions League Football, but chairman, Khaldoon Al Mubarak gave his support to Mancini.

2010–11

Mancini spent heavily during the summer transfer window. He signed German international defender Jerome Boateng from Hamburg for approximately £10.64m, Spanish World Cup winner David Silva from Valencia for approximately £24m, Yaya Toure from Barcelona for around £24m and Aleksandar Kolarov from Lazio for approximately £19m.

The 2010-11 season Premier League season was marked by a run of good form and poor form. A 2-0 win away at Wigan Athletic on 19 September 2010, City went 4th in the 2010-11 Premier League and did not drop out of the top 4 which offers lucrative Champions League football throughout the rest of the season. However the team struggled for form in October and November putting pressure on Mancini to deliver with his tactics criticised following two consecutive 0–0 home draws at home to Manchester United and Birmingham in November 2010.

However a fine run of form in the weeks running up to Christmas meant City occupied 1st place twice over the Christmas period, although City missed the opportunity to be 1st at on Christmas Day with a 2-1 defeat to Everton days before. In the ten games before the 15 January 2011, City won 7 times, drew twice and lost only once as they surged into title contention, whilst also securing passage into the Round of 32 of the Europa League as group winners. As a result of strong league form, Mancini was awarded the Premier League Manager of the Month award for December.

Premier League form tailed off in the new year with City jointly contesting the FA Cup and Europa League with Mancini citing burnout for losing ground in the title race. City were eliminated from the Europa League by Dynamo Kiev in March, but City replied strongly winning 8 out of the next 10 matches with a FA Cup semi-final victory at Wembley over rivals Manchester United in April. A win over Tottenham Hotspur in May 2011 guaranteed City 2011-12 Champions League football. The win was followed with City winning the 2010-11 FA Cup with a 1-0 win over Stoke City on the weekend after the Tottenham victory. The FA Cup truimph meant Mancini joined five other City managers who have won major honours and had ended the club's longest trophy drought in its history. Thanks to their strong run of form finished 3rd ahead of Arsenal on the last day of the season with a 2-0 win over Bolton, thus avoiding a play-off round to progress to the group stages, with only goal difference separating City from a 2nd place finish over Chelsea.

Management style

Defensive emphasis

Mancini places great emphasis on building from the back, stressing the importance of not conceding a goal means the team will always have an opportunity to win, going as far to say, 'I like 1-0 wins. When you don't concede a goal and you have players like Edin Dzeko, Carlos Tevez or David Silva, you win 90%. I prefer we are boring for two to three matches and we win 1-0... If you watch teams that won titles, they conceded very few goals.' Despite this, some argue Mancini is more of a "''defense first''" manager, rather than a "''win first''" manager. A style that has been criticised by some in the British media. However, others believe his pragmatic and cautious approach is what the team lacked, and that Mancini is adopting a style to ensure City can challenge for trophies regularly.

Although Mancini has been defensive in some fixtures at Manchester City which has attracted criticism. Mancini did inherit a team from Mark Hughes, which whilst showing great prolifigacy and potential in front of goal, had a very insecure defence. Months of intensively coaching his defence, even throwing young Dedryck Boyata into the fray from the youth team in Mancini's first few weeks enabled him to get his tenure at City off to a positive start.

In Internazionale's Serie A winning season 2007-08, Inter conceded the fewest goals in the league - 26 to be precise, 11 fewer than Juventus and Roma. At Manchester City, his team has gradually garnered a reputation as being well organised defensively and tough to break down. In Mancini's first full season in charge at City, they conceded 33 goals in the Premier League, fewest conceded along with Chelsea and 18 clean sheets, the highest in the 2010-11 Premier League season.

Training methods

Mancini's training methods have been criticised by some City players and especially by ex-Manchester City fitness coach Raymond Verheijen, who is a personal fitness coach for Craig Bellamy.. The training sessions are known for being very competitive and has led to well publicised bust ups leading to City earning the nickname of "Fight Club" and recently Mancini was left nursing a sore calf after being flattened by summer signing Stefan Savic who was taking part in his first training session as a City player.

Attitude to players

During his time at Manchester City, Mancini has tried to stamp his authority with rebellious players who are unhappy or are not performing and has stated "''If a top player is not happy then it's better to go''". It has been alleged that Mancini has had frosty relationships with Craig Bellamy, club doctor Jamie Murphy and Emmanuel Adebayor who was unhappy at not getting first team football. Manchester City players have alluded to Mancini's occasional "''hairdryer treatment''" at half-time if he feels his team are not playing well.

Personal life

Mancini has been married for nearly 20 years to his wife, Federica. They have a daughter and two sons, Filippo and Andrea, who have both played in the Internazionale youth ranks, where Filippo has played 10 minutes in a Coppa Italia match. Both of his sons have at one point been a part of Manchester City's youth set-up. Filippo trained with the City academy for several months of the 2007–08 season, while Andrea was signed by his father for the Manchester City under-21 Elite Development Squad in November 2010 after being released from Bologna.

Statistics

Player stats

:''As of 27 November 2009''

Bologna Football Club 1909 rowspan=151983–84 Serie A1984–85 Serie A1985–86 Serie A1986–87 Serie A1987–88 Serie A1988–89 Serie A1989–90 Serie A1990–91 Serie A1991–92 Serie A1992–93 Serie A1993–94 Serie A1994–95 Serie A1995–96 Serie A1996–97 Serie A !colspan="3" rowspan=31998–99 Serie A1999–2000 Serie A !colspan="3"Leicester City F.C.

Season	Club	Championship	Coppa Italia	!colspan="3"	Supercoppa Italiana	Total
!Comp	!Apps	!Goals	!Comp	!Apps	!Goals	!Comp	!Apps	!Goals	!Comp	!Apps	!Goals	!Apps	!Goals
Bologna Football Club 1981–1982	1981–1982	Bologna||	1981–82 Serie A>A	30	9	Coppa Italia 1981–82>CI	1	0
1982–1983	Sampdoria||	1982–83 Serie A>A	22	4	Coppa Italia 1982–83>CI	5	1
1983–1984	A||	30	8	Coppa Italia 1983–84>CI	8	2
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1984–1985	1984–1985	A||	24	3	Coppa Italia 1984–85>CI	11	3
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1985–1986	1985–1986	A||	23	6	Coppa Italia 1985–86>CI	11	4	1985–86 European Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	4	2
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1986–1987	1986–1987	A||	26	6	Coppa Italia 1986–87>CI	5	0
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1987–1988	1987–1988	A||	30	5	Coppa Italia 1987–88>CI	13	3
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1988–1989	1988–1989	A||	29	9	Coppa Italia 1988–89>CI	11	5	1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	8	0	1988 Supercoppa Italiana>SI	0	0	48	14
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1989–1990	1989–1990	A||	31	11	Coppa Italia 1989-90>CI	3	2	1989–90 European Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	9	2	1989 Supercoppa Italiana>SI	1	0	44	15
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1990–1991	1990–1991	A||	30	12	Coppa Italia 1990–91>CI	10	2	1990–91 European Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	5	2	1990 European Super Cup>SE	2	0	47	16
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1991–1992	1991–1992	A||	29	6	Coppa Italia 1991-92>CI	6	2	1991–92 European Cup>EC	9	4	1991 Supercoppa Italiana>SI	1	1	45	13
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1992–1993	1992–1993	A||	30	15	Coppa Italia 1992-93>CI	2	0
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1993–1994	1993–1994	A||	30	12	Coppa Italia 1993-94>CI	7	0
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1994–1995	1994–1995	A||	31	9	Coppa Italia 1994-95>CI	2	1	1994–95 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	4	2	1994 Supercoppa Italiana>SI	1	0	38	12
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1995–1996	1995–1996	A||	26	11	Coppa Italia 1995-96>CI	2	1
Unione Calcio Sampdoria 1996–1997	1996–1997	A||	33	15	Coppa Italia 1996-97>CI	2	0
Total – Sampdoria ||	424	132		98	26		39	12		5	1	566	171
Società Sportiva Lazio 1997–1998	1997–1998	Lazio||	1997–98 Serie A>A	34	5	Coppa Italia 1997-98>CI	8	1	1997–98 UEFA Cup>UC	10	3
Società Sportiva Lazio 1998–1999	1998–1999	A||	33	10	Coppa Italia 1998-99>CI	6	2	1998–99 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup>EWC	7	0	1998 Supercoppa Italiana>SI	1	0	47	12
Società Sportiva Lazio 1999–2000	1999–2000	A||	20	0	Coppa Italia 1999-2000>CI	7	3	UEFA Champions League 1999-2000>UCL	9	0	1999 UEFA Super Cup>SE	1	0	37	3
Total – Lazio ||	87	15		21	6		26	3		2	0	136	24
2001	Leicester City||	2000–01 FA Premier League>PL	4	0	2000–01 FA Cup>FAC	1	0		0	0		0	0	5	0
colspan="2"	Total – Career	|	545	156		121	32		65	15		7	1	738	204

Managerial statistics

:''Competitive games only – as of 28 August 2011''

Team	Nat	From	To	Record
G	W	D	L	Win %
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
Total

Honours

As player

;Italy ;Serie A (2)

Sampdoria: 1990-91

Lazio: 1999-2000

;Coppa Italia (6)

Sampdoria: 1984-85, 1987-88, 1988-89, 1993-94

Lazio: 1997-98, 1999-2000

;Supercoppa Italiana (2)

Sampdoria: 1991

Lazio: 1998

;UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (2)

Sampdoria: 1989-90

Lazio: 1998-99

;UEFA Super Cup (1)

Lazio: 1999

;Italy national team

1990 FIFA World Cup: Bronze medal - Third place

;Individual

Guerin d'Oro: 1988, 1991

Serie A Footballer of the Year: 1997

Italian Footballer of the Year: 1997

As manager

;Italy ;Serie A (3)

Internazionale: 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08

;Coppa Italia (4)

Fiorentina: 2000–01

Lazio: 2003–04

Internazionale: 2004–05, 2005–06

;Supercoppa Italiana (2)

Internazionale: 2005, 2006

;England ;FA Cup (1)

Manchester City: 2010–11

;Individual ;Manchester City

Premier League Manager of the Month: December 2010

References

External links

Official website

Profile on Manchester City Official Website

Carlo AncelottiChelsea}}

Category:1964 births Category:Living people Category:People from Jesi Category:Italian footballers Category:Italy international footballers Category:Italy under-21 international footballers Category:Bologna F.C. 1909 players Category:U.C. Sampdoria players Category:S.S. Lazio players Category:Leicester City F.C. players Category:Serie A footballers Category:UEFA Euro 1988 players Category:1990 FIFA World Cup players Category:Italian football managers Category:S.S. Lazio managers Category:ACF Fiorentina managers Category:F.C. Internazionale Milano managers Category:Serie A managers Category:Premier League players Category:Italian expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in England Category:Italian expatriate sportspeople in the United Kingdom Category:Premier League managers Category:Expatriate football managers in England

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