A duke (male) or duchess (female) is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy. The title comes from the Latin ''Dux'', 'leader', a term used in republican Rome to refer to a military commander without an official rank (particularly one of Germanic or Celtic origin), and later coming to mean the leading military commander of a province.

In the Middle Ages the title signified first among the Germanic monarchies. Dukes were the rulers of the provinces and the superiors of the counts in the cities and later, in the feudal monarchies, the highest-ranking peers of the king.

During the 19th century many of the smaller German and Italian states were ruled by Dukes or Grand Dukes. At present however, with the exception of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, there are no dukes who rule. Duke remains the highest titular peerage in France, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The Pope, as a temporal sovereign, has also but rarely granted the title of Duke and Duchess to persons for services to the Holy See.

A woman who holds in her own right the title to such duchy or dukedom, or is the wife of a duke, is normally styled duchess. However, Queen Elizabeth II is known as Duke of Normandy in the Channel Islands and Duke of Lancaster in Lancashire.

Duchy versus dukedom

A duchy is the territory or geopolitical entity ruled by a duke. The term implies a territorial domain, within which the duke has actual subjects and/or significant land holdings, both of which are ruled by the duke, either directly or as a vassal to a higher (i.e. royal or imperial) authority. A dukedom is the title of duke, a rank of nobility, and is not necessarily attached to a duchy. A few examples exist today: The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a fully independent state and its head, the Grand Duke, is a sovereign monarch ruling over his Luxembourgeois subjects. The Duke of Cornwall holds both the dukedom (title) and Duchy (estate holdings), the latter being the source of his personal income; both the Duke and those living in his estates are subjects of the British Sovereign. In Scotland the same person is always the Duke of Rothesay as well, but this is a dukedom (title) without a duchy (territorial ownership). Similarly, the British Sovereign rules and owns the Duchy of Lancaster as both Sovereign and Duke of Lancaster, with the income of the duchy estates providing the Sovereign's Privy Purse. He or she also rules the Channel Islands as Sovereign and Duke of Normandy, but without especial income therefrom.

Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages following the collapse of Roman power in Western Europe, the title was still employed in the Germanic kingdoms, most often to refer to the rulers of the old Roman provinces.

Visigoths

The Visigoths retained the Roman divisions of their kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula and it seems that dukes ruled over these areas. They were the most powerful landowners and, along with the bishops, elected the king, usually from their own midst. They were the military commanders and in this capacity often acted independently from the king, most notably in the latter period before the Muslim invasions.

The army was structured decimally with the highest unit, the thiufa, probably corresponding to about one thousand people from each ''civitas'' (city district). The cities were commanded by counts, who were in turn answerable to the dukes, who called up the ''thiufae'' when need be.

Lombards

When the Lombards entered Italy, the Latin chroniclers called their war leaders ''duces'' in the old fashion. These leaders eventually became the provincial rulers, each with a recognized seat of government. Though nominally loyal to the king, the concept of kingship was new to the Lombards and the dukes were highly independent, especially in central and southern Italy, where the Duke of Spoleto and the Duke of Benevento were ''de facto'' sovereigns. In 575, when Cleph died, a period known as the Rule of the Dukes, in which the dukes governed without a king, commenced. It lasted only a decade before the disunited magnates, in order to defend the kingdom from external attacks, elected a new king and even diminished their own duchies to provide him with a handsome royal demesne.

The Lombard kings were usually drawn from the duke pool when the title was not hereditary. The dukes tried to make their own offices hereditary. Beneath them in the internal structure were the counts and gastalds, a uniquely Lombard title initially referring to judicial functions, similar to a count's, in provincial regions

Franks

The Franks employed dukes as the governors of Roman provinces, though they also led military expeditions far from their duchies. The dukes were the highest ranking officials in the realm, typically Frankish (whereas the counts were often Gallo-Roman), and formed the class from which the kings' generals were chosen in times of war. The dukes met with the king every May to discuss policy for the upcoming year, the so-called Mayfield.

In Burgundy and Provence, the titles of patrician and prefect were commonly employed instead of duke, probably for historical reasons relating to the greater Romanization of those provinces. The titles, however, were basically equivalent.

In late Merovingian Gaul, the mayors of the palace of the Arnulfing clan began to use the title ''dux et princeps Francorum'': "duke and prince of the Franks". In this title, "duke" implied supreme military control of the entire nation (''Francorum'', the Franks) and it was thus used until the end of the Carolingian dynasty in France in 987.

Stem duchies

See Stem duchy

England

Anglo-Saxon times

The highest political division beneath that of kingdom among the Anglo-Saxons was the ealdormanry and, while the title ealdorman was replaced by the Danish ''eorl'' (later earl) over time, the first ealdormen were referred to as ''duces'' (the plural of the original Latin ''dux'') in the chronicles. Thus, in Anglo-Saxon England, where the Roman political divisions were largely abandoned, the grade of duke was retained as supreme landlord after the king. However, following the Norman conquest, their power and regional jurisdiction was limited to that of the Norman counts.

Late medieval times

Edward III of England created the first three English dukedoms (Cornwall, Lancaster and Clarence) by naming his eldest son Edward, the Black Prince, as Duke of Cornwall in 1337. Upon the death of the Black Prince the duchy of Cornwall passed to his 9 year old son, who would eventually succeed his grandfather as Richard II.

The duchy of Lancaster was created by Edward III in 1351 for Henry of Grosmont, but became extinct upon the duke's death in 1361. The following year, Edward III bestowed the title (2nd creation) on his fourth son, John of Gaunt, who was also married to the first duke's daughter. On the same day Edward III also created his second son, Lionel of Antwerp, as Duke of Clarence.

All five of Edward III's surviving sons eventually became dukes. In 1385, ten years after their father's death, his heir Richard II created dukedoms for his last two uncles on the same day. Thomas of Woodstock was named Duke of Gloucester and Edmund of Langley became Duke of York, thereby founding the House of York, which later fought for the throne with John of Gaunt's Lancastrian descendants during the Wars of the Roses.

By 1483, a total of 16 ducal titles had been created: Cornwall, Lancaster, Clarence, Gloucester, York, Ireland, Hereford, Aumale, Exeter, Surrey, Norfolk, Bedford, Somerset, Buckingham, Warwick and Suffolk. Some became extinct, others had multiple creations, and some had merged with the crown upon the holder's accession to the throne. When the Plantagenet dynasty came to an end at the Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485, only four ducal titles remained extant, of which two were now permanently associated with the crown. John de la Pole was Duke of Suffolk and John Howard was Duke of Norfolk (2nd creation), while the duchy of Cornwall was reserved as a title and source of income for the eldest son of the sovereign, and the duchy of Lancaster was now held by the monarch.

Norfolk perished alongside Richard III at Bosworth field, and the title was forfeit. It was restored to his son Thomas thirty years later by Henry VIII, as one of a number of dukes created or recreated by the Tudor dynasty over the ensuing century. England's premier ducal title, Norfolk, remains in the Howard family to this day.

The modern age

In the 19th century, the sovereign dukes of Parma and Modena in Italy, and of Anhalt, Brunswick-Lüneburg, Nassau, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen and Saxe-Altenburg in Germany survived Napoleon's reorganization.

Since the unification of Italy in 1870 and the end of monarchy in Germany in 1918, there have no longer been any reigning dukes in Europe; Luxembourg is ruled by a grand duke, a higher title, just below king.

In the United Kingdom, the inherited position of a duke along with its dignities, privileges, and rights is a dukedom. However, the title of ''duke'' has never been associated with independent rule in the British Isles: they hold dukedoms, not duchies (excepting the Duchy of Cornwall and the Duchy of Lancaster). Dukes in the United Kingdom are addressed as "Your Grace" and referred to as "His Grace". Currently, there are twenty-seven dukedoms in the Peerage of England, Peerage of Scotland, Peerage of Great Britain, Peerage of Ireland and Peerage of the United Kingdom, held by twenty-four different people (see List of Dukes in order of precedence).

Equivalents in other European languages

Royal dukes

Various royal houses traditionally awarded (mainly) dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective sovereigns; others include at least one dukedom in a wider list of similarly granted titles, nominal dukedoms without any actual authority, often even without an estate. Such titles are still conferred on royal princes or princesses in the current European monarchies of Belgium, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Other historical cases occurred for example in Denmark, Finland (as a part of Sweden) and France, Portugal and some former colonial possessions such as Brazil and Haiti.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, ducal titles which have been given within the royal family include Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence, Duke of York, Duke of Gloucester, Duke of Bedford, Duke of Cumberland, Duke of Cambridge, Duke of Rothesay, Duke of Albany, Duke of Ross, Duke of Edinburgh, Duke of Kent, Duke of Sussex, and Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.

List of dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

List of dukes in the peerages of the British Isles

Belgium

In Belgium, the title of Duke of Brabant (historically the most prestigious in the Low Countries, and containing the federal capital Brussels), if still vacant, has been awarded preferentially to the eldest son and heir presumptive of the king, other male dynasts receiving various lower historical titles (much older than Belgium, and in principle never fallen to the Belgian crown), such as Count of Flanders (King Leopold III's so-titled brother held the title when he became the realm's temporary head of state as prince-regent) and Prince of Liège (a secularised version of the historical prince-bishopric; e.g., the present King Albert II until he succeeded his older brother Baudouin I).

Denmark

Denmark's kings gave appanages in their twin-duchies of Schleswig-Holstein (now three-fourths of them is part of Germany, but then the Holstein half of it was part of the Holy Roman Empire in personal union with Denmark proper) to younger sons and/or their male-line descendants, with a specific though not sovereign title of Duke, e.g., Duke of Gottorp, Duke of Sonderburg, Duke of Augustenborg, Duke of Franzhagen, Duke of Beck, Duke of Glucksburg and Duke of Norburg.

Iberian peninsula

When the Christian Reconquista, sweeping the Moors from the former Caliphate of Córdoba and its taifa-remnants, transformed the territory of former Suevic and Visigothic realms into Catholic feudal principalities, none of these warlords was exactly styled Duke. A few (as Portugal itself) started as Count (even if the title of Dux was sometimes added), but soon all politically relevant princes were to use the royal style of King.

Portugal

Spain

Spanish infantes and infantas were usually given a dukedom upon marriage, excepting the heir apparent who is the Prince of Asturias. This title is nowadays not hereditary but carries a Grandeza de España. The current royal duchesses are: HRH the Duchess of Badajoz (Infanta Maria del Pilar), HRH the Duchess of Soria (Infanta Margarita) (although she inherited the title of Duchess of Hernani from her cousin and is second holder of that title), HRH the Duchess of Lugo (Infanta Elena) and HRH the Duchess of Palma de Mallorca (Infanta Cristina).

In Spain all the dukes hold the court rank of ''Grande'', i.e., Grandee of the realm, which had precedence over all other feudatories.

Finland and Sweden

Sweden had a history of making the sons of its kings real ruling princes of vast duchies, but this ceased in 1622. Title-wise, however, all Swedish princes since 1772, and princesses since 1980, are given a dukedom for life. Currently, there are one duke and three duchesses. The territorial designations of these dukedoms refer to five of the Provinces of Sweden.

Key parts of Finland were sometimes under a Duke of Finland during the Swedish reign.

France and other former monarchies

See appanage (mainly for the French kingdom) and the list in the geographical section below, which also treats special ducal titles in orders or national significance.

France

The highest precedence in the realm, attached to a feudal territory, was given to the twelve original pairies, which also had a traditional function in the royal coronation, comparable to the German imperial archoffices. Half of them were ducal: three ecclesiastical (the six prelates all ranked above the six secular peers of the realm) and three temporal, each time above three counts of the same social estate: The ''Prince-Bishops'' with ducal territories among them were:

The Archbishop of Reims, styled ''archevêque-duc pair de France'' (in Champagne; who crowns and anoints the king, traditionally in his cathedral)

Two suffragan bishops, styled ''evêque-duc pair de France'' :

*the bishop-duke of Laon (in Picardy; bears the 'Sainte Ampoule' containing the sacred ointment)

* the bishop-duc de Langres (in Burgundy; bears the scepter)

Later, the Archbishop of Paris was given the title of ''duc de Saint-Cloud'' with the dignity of peerage, but it was debated if he was an ecclesiastical peer or merely a bishop holding a lay peerage.

The secular dukes in the peerage of the realm were, again in order of precedence:

the duc de Bourgogne, i.e., Duke of Burgundy (known as ''Grand duc''; not a separate title at that time; just a description of the wealth and real clout of the 15th century Dukes, cousins of the Kings of France) (bears the crown, fastens the belt)

Duke of Normandy or duc de Normandie (holds the first square banner)

Duke of Aquitaine or duc d'Aquitaine or - de Guyenne (holds the second square banner)

It should be noted that the theory of the participation of the peers in the coronation was laid down in the late 13th century, when some of the peerage (the Duchy of Normandy and the County of Toulouse) had already been merged in the crown.

At the end of this same century, the king elevated some counties into duchies, a practice that increased up until the Revolution. Many of this duchies were also peerages (the so-called 'new peerages').

Italy, Germany and Austria

In Italy, Germany and Austria the title of "duke" (''duca'' in Italian, and ''Herzog'' in German) was quite common. As the Holy Roman Empire was until its dissolution a feudal structure, most of its Dukes were actually reigning in their lands. As the titles from the HRE were taken over after its dissolution, or in Italy after their territories became independent of the Empire, both countries also had a share of fully sovereign dukes. Also, in Germany in many ducal families every agnate would bear the ducal title of the family as a courtesy title.

In Italy some important sovereign ducal families were the Visconti and the Sforza, who ruled Milan; the Medici of Florence; the Farnese of Parma and Piacenza; the Cybo-Malaspina of Massa; the Gonzaga of Mantua; the Este of Modena and Ferrara.

In Germany, important ducal families were the Wittelsbachs in Bavaria, the Welfs in Hannover, the ducal family of Cleves, the Wettins in Saxony (with its Ernestine branch divided into several duchies), the Württembergs, the Mecklenburgs and finally of course also the Habsburgs in Austria as "Archdukes". In the German Confederation the Nassaus, the Ascanians of Anhalt, the Welf branch of Brunswick and the Ernestine lines of the Saxon duchies were the sovereign ducal families.

Elsewhere in Europe

Nordic countries

In Denmark, the longest-surviving duchy was Schleswig, i.e., Sonderjylland (part of which later was transferred to Germany). Its southern neighbour Holstein in personal union with the Danish crown was always a German principality. Ultimately both ended up joined as the German federation's ''Bundesland'' of Schleswig-Holstein.

* duchies of Laland, Halland, Jutland, Reval, and Osilia.

In Sweden, medieval duchies of Finland, Södermanland, Skåne, and Halland, and in modern times almost every province.

Hungary

In the Kingdom of Hungary no ducal principalities existed but duchies were often formed for members of the dynasty as appanages. During the rule of the Árpád dinasty dukes held territorial powers, some of them even minted coins, but later this title became more often nominal. These duchies usually were

the Duchy of Nitra

the Duchy of Bihar

the Duchy of Slavonia, or whole Slavonia (consisting of Slavonia and Croatia)

the Duchy of Transylvania (consisting of the voivodship of Transylvania and some other counties)

In the Jagellonian era (1490–1526) only two dukes did not belong to the royal dynasty: John Corvin (the illegitimate son of Matthias Corvinus) and Lőrinc Újlaki (whose father was the king of Bosnia), and both bore the title as royal dukes.

After the Battle of Mohács the Habsburg kings rewarded Hungarian aristocrats (like the Esterházys) with princely titles, but they created these titles as Holy Roman Emperors, not as kings of Hungary.

Greece

As the Catholic crusaders overran Orthodox Christian parts of the Byzantine empire, they installed several crusader states (see Frangokratia), some of which were of ducal rank:

the Duchy of Athens, to which the duchy of Neopatras was later linked

the Aegean insular Duchy of Naxos, officially the "Duchy of the Archipelago"

The Byzantines retained the title ''dux'', transcribed as ''doux'' in Greek. As in the later Roman Empire, it remained a military office. In the 10th century, it was given to the military commanders over several ''themata'' (also known as ''katepano''), and in the late 11th century it became used for the governor of a ''thema''.

In Italy and other western countries, the later Byzantine appanages of the Palaiologan period were sometimes translated as duchies: the Morea, Mesembria, Selymbria and Thessaloniki. However, as these had Greek holders, they were titled ''Archon'' ("magistrate") or ''Despotes''.

In the independent Kingdom of Greece, the style of Duke of Sparta was instituted in 1868 upon the birth of Constantine I as a distinct title for the crown prince of Greece.

Slavic countries

Generally, confusion reigns whether to translate the usual petty ruler titles, ''knyaz/ knez/ ksiaze'' etc. as Prince (analogous to the German Fürst) or as Duke;

in splintered Poland petty principalities generally ruled by branches of the earlier Polish Piast dynasty are regarded as duchies in translated titulary. Examples of such: Kujavia, Masovia, Sandomir, Greater Poland and Kalisz as well as various minor duchies, often short-lived and/or in personal union or merger, named after their capitals, mainly in the regions known as Little Poland and Greater Poland, including (there are often also important Latin and/or German forms) Kraków, Łęczyca and Sieradz.

In Pomerelia and Pomerania (inhabited by the Kashubians, different Slavic people from the Poles proper), branches of native ruling dynasties were usually recognized as dukes, quite similarly to the pattern in Poland.

in Russia, before the imperial unification from Muscovy; sometimes even as vassal, tributary to a Tartar Khan; later, in Peter the Great's autocratic empire, the russification gertsog was used as the Russian rendering of the German ducal title ''Herzog'', especially as (the last) part of the full official style of the Russian Emperor: ''Gertsog Shlesvig-Golstinskiy, Stormarnskiy, Ditmarsenskiy i Oldenburgskiy i prochaya, i prochaya, i prochaya'' "Duke of Schleswig-Holstein [see above], Stormarn, Dithmarschen and Oldenburg, and of other lands", in chief of German and Danish territories to which the Tsar was dynastically linked.

In Bohemia was Duchy of Krumlov, and short-lived Duchy of Reichstadt and Duchy of Friedland.

In Silesia were many petty duchies as Duchy of Brzeg, Duchy of Legnica, Duchy of Zator and Duchy of Racibórz. They were vassals of King of Bohemia.

Netherlands

After Belgium and the Netherlands separated in 1830, the title of duke no longer existed in the Netherlands. There is, however, one exception; the title ''Hertog van Limburg'' (''Duke of Limburg'') still exists. This title, however, is an exclusive title for the head of state (the monarch, i.e., the king or queen of the Netherlands).

Post-colonial non-European states

Brazilian empire

In this former Portuguese kingdom, ruled after separation by a branch of the Portuguese royal dynasty (House of Bragança), only three dukedoms were created, as the highest rank for people outside of the imperial dynasty. Two of these titles were for relatives of Peter I: an illegitimate daughter and a brother-in-law who received the title when married with Peter's daughter Mary II. The third, given to the most important Brazilian military man, Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, was the only dukedom created during the reign of Peter II. A fourth title was created for another illegitimate daughter of Peter I, but she died before receiving the title (and so it is seldom considered). None of these titles were hereditary, just like every other title in the Brazilian nobility system.

Haiti

The royal Christophe dynasty created eight hereditary dukedoms, in rank directly below the nominal princes. They were short-lived and only recognised in the country.

Equivalents

Like other major Western noble titles, Duke is sometimes used to render (translate) certain titles in non-western languages. "Duke" is used even though those titles are generally etymologically and often historically unrelated and thus hard to compare. However, they are considered roughly equivalent, especially in hierarchic aristocracies such as feudal Japan, useful as an indication of relative rank. The Indian cognate is Senapati (leader of an army).

China

During the era of feudalism in Ancient China (Spring and Autumn and the Warring States), the equivalent titles to Grand Marquis or Grand Duke were often granted to the nobility and governors of the individual kingdoms and principalities. Noble titles also existed in subsequent periods.

The Duke of Yansheng noble title was granted to the descendants of Confucius. In 1935, the Nationalist Government changed the title to Sacrificial Official to Confucius (大成至聖先師奉祀官), which still exists as an office of the Republic of China, de facto hereditary.

Nonhereditary dukedoms and other lesser titles were also awarded, sometimes posthumously (see posthumous names), during the imperial period of Chinese history to recognize distinguished civil and military officials without the burdens of supporting a feudal peerage. For example, Emperor Lizong of Song granted the posthumous, nonhereditary title Duke of Hui (徽国公) to the Neo-Confucian thinker Zhu Xi.

See also

List of Dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

List of dukes in the peerages of the British Isles

Duchy of Amalfi

Duchy of Gaeta

Duchy of Naples

Archduke

Notes

References

Chan, Wing-tsit, ''Chu Hsi New Studies''. University of Hawaii Press: 1989. ISBN 9780824812010

Crouch, David, ''The Normans'' (2002) ISBN 1-85285-387-5

Hodgkin, Thomas. ''Italy and her Invaders''. Clarendon Press: 1895.

Lewis, Archibald R. "The Dukes in the Regnum Francorum, A.D. 550-751." ''Speculum'', Vol. 51, No 3 (July 1976), pp 381–410.

Stenton, Sir Frank M. ''Anglo-Saxon England Third Edition''. Oxford University Press: 1971.

Thompson, E. A. ''The Goths in Spain''. Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1969.

Category:Noble titles Category:Peerage Category:Feudalism Category:Men's social titles

af:Hertog als:Herzog ar:دوق bg:Херцог ca:Duc cs:Vévoda da:Hertug de:Herzog et:Hertsog es:Duque eo:Duko fa:دوک fr:Duc fy:Hartoch gl:Duque ko:공작 (작위) hr:Vojvoda io:Duko id:Adipati is:Hertogi it:Duca he:דוכס la:Dux lv:Hercogs lt:Hercogas li:Hertog hu:Herceg nl:Hertog ja:公爵 no:Hertug nn:Hertug pl:Diuk pt:Duque ro:Duce ru:Герцог sq:Hercogu simple:Duke sk:Vojvoda sl:Vojvoda fi:Herttua sv:Hertig th:ดยุค tr:Dük uk:Герцог ur:ڈیوک zh:公爵

Coordinates	47°41′34″N116°46′48″N
name	Bomani "Bo" Jones
birth name	Bomani Jones
birth date	August 26, 1980
birth place	Houston, Texas, U.S.
show	The Morning Jones
station	The Score Satellite Radio
timeslot	07:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. EST Monday-Friday
style	Sports radio
country	American
website	The Morning Jones }}

Bomani Jones (born August 26, 1980) is the host of "The Morning Jones" on The Score on Sirius radio channel 158. Jones is also a regular panelist on Around the Horn and Jim Rome is Burning as well as appearances on Outside the Lines on ESPN and ESPN First Take on ESPN 2. He also periodically writes on Page 2 for ESPN.com.

Biography

Early Life

Jones was born in Atlanta, Georgia. In 2001, after graduating with a Bachelors in Economics from Clark Atlanta University, Jones received a fellowship to study politics, economics, and business at Claremont Graduate University. Afterwards, he briefly worked towards a Ph.D. in economics from the University of North Carolina.

Career

In January 2010, Jones launched his radio show, The Morning Jones, which is hosted out of Durham, North Carolina. He is also a regular panelist on ESPN's Around the Horn. As of August 18, 2011 he has 16 wins on 62 appearances on the show.

External Links

Bomani Jones (official)

The Morning Jones on Sirius

References

Category:1980 births Category:Living people Category:American sports radio personalities Category:Claremont Graduate University alumni Category:Clark Atlanta University alumni Category:People from Houston, Texas Category:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni

Coordinates	47°41′34″N116°46′48″N
name	Carly Rae Jepsen
background	solo_singer
birth name	Carly Rae Jepsen
born	November 21, 1985Mission, British Columbia
origin	Mission, British Columbia, Canada
occupation	Singer, Songwriter
genre	Pop rock, Acoustic, Indie
Instrument	Vocals, Guitar
years active	2007-present
label	Fontana/Maple Music }}

Carly Rae Jepsen is a Juno-nominated Canadian singer/songwriter from Mission, B.C.. In the summer of 2007 she placed third in the fifth season of ''Canadian Idol''. She was also a part of the Canadian Idol Top 3 concert tour.

Career

After completing the tour, Jepsen retreated to B.C. to focus on writing, recording and completing her band. Her demos attracted a flurry of attention, and she was eventually signed a joint management deal with Simkin Artist Management and Dexter Entertainment. A deal with Fontana/Maple Music quickly followed, leading Jepsen into the studio with producer/writer Ryan Stewart.

On June 16, 2008, Jepsen released her debut single, a cover of John Denver's song "Sunshine On My Shoulders". It is the only cover song on her debut album. On July 21, 2008, Jepsen added two new songs from the album to her MySpace page: "Bucket" and "Heavy Lifting".

In August 2008, Jepsen's MySpace page announced that the album's title would be ''Tug of War'', and it was released on September 30, 2008. The page also mentioned two more songs that were included on the album: "Tug of War" and "Sweet Talker". The former was released as a single on iTunes on September 16, 2008, and has been receiving radio airplay on various stations across Canada. She performed the latter as her Canadian Idol audition. A music video for "Tug of War" was released in January 2009. "Bucket", her second single, was released in May 2009, and the video for "Sour Candy", a duet with Josh Ramsay of Marianas Trench has also been released. All of Jepsen's music videos have been directed by Ben Knechtel.

In spring 2009, she toured western Canada with Marianas Trench and Shiloh. She then went on a cross-Canada tour with Marianas Trench, The New Cities and Mission District.

Canadian Idol performances

Audition - Sweet Talker (Carly Rae Jepsen)

Top 40 - Breathe (2 AM) (Anna Nalick)

Top 22 - Put Your Records On (Corinne Bailey Rae)

Top 18 - Sweet Ones (Sarah Slean)

Top 14 - Waiting in Vain (Annie Lennox)

Top 10 - Inside and Out (Leslie Feist) ''(Bottom Three July 17, 2007)''

Top 9 - Georgia on My Mind (Ray Charles)

Top 8 - Torn (Natalie Imbruglia)

Top 7 - Killer Queen (Queen) ''(Bottom Three August 7, 2007)''

Top 6 - Come To My Window (Melissa Etheridge) ''(Bottom Three August 14, 2007)''

Top 5 - Chuck E's in Love (Rickie Lee Jones)

Top 4 - My Heart Belongs to Daddy (Ella Fitzgerald), I Got It Bad (and That Ain't Good) (Mel Tormé)

Top 3 - At Seventeen (Janis Ian), White Flag (Dido) ''(Eliminated September 4, 2007)''

Discography

Albums

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="1"| Year ! rowspan="1"| Album |- | align="left"| 2008 | align="left"| ''Tug of War'' |- |}

Singles

! Year	! Single	! width="50"	! Album
		-
	36
		32
	-	align="left" rowspan="1"
	-
		-

Awards and nominations

Canadian Radio Music Awards : 2010, Song of the Year, "Tug of War" – Won Western Canadian Music Awards : 2010, Song of the Year, "Tug of War" – Nominated Juno Awards : 2010, New Artist of the Year – Nominated : 2010, Songwriter of the Year (with Ryan Stewart) – Nominated

Much Music Video Awards

: 2010, UR FAVE New Artist - Nominated

References

External links

Canadian Idol profile

Category:Living people Category:Canadian pop singers Category:Canadian female singers Category:Canadian singer-songwriters Category:Canadian Idol participants Category:People from Mission, British Columbia Category:Musicians from British Columbia Category:1985 births

Coordinates	47°41′34″N116°46′48″N
Width	280px
Currentteam	Indianapolis Colts
Currentnumber	18
Currentposition	Quarterback
Birth date	March 24, 1976
Birth place	New Orleans, Louisiana
Heightft	6
Heightin	5
Weight	230
Debutyear	1998
Debutteam	Indianapolis Colts
Highlights	Rated #8 NFL Player of all-time by NFL.com as of 2009 season 11× Pro Bowl selection (1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010) 5× First-team All-Pro selection (2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009) 3× Second-team All-Pro selection (1999, 2000, 2006) 4× AP NFL MVP (2003, 2004, 2008, 2009) 6× AFC Player of the Year (1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009) Indianapolis Colts All-time leader (Career Wins, Passing Touchdowns , Pass Attempts, Pass Completions and Passing Yards) Pro Bowl MVP (2005) Super Bowl Champion (XLI) Super Bowl MVP (XLI) Fastest ever to reach 50,000 yards passing Fastest to 1,000 completions Fastest to 2,000 completions Fastest to 3,000 completions Fastest to 4,000 completions NFL 2000s All-Decade Team Other awards and honors
College	Tennessee
Draftyear	1998
Draftround	1
Draftpick	1
Status	Active
Pastteams	Indianapolis Colts (–present)
Statweek	17
Statseason	2010
Statlabel1	Pass attempts
Statvalue1	7,210
Statlabel2	Pass completions
Statvalue2	4,682
Statlabel3	Percentage
Statvalue3	64.9
Statlabel4	TD-INT
Statvalue4	399–198
Statlabel5	Passing yards
Statvalue5	54,828
Statlabel6	Passer rating
Statvalue6	94.9
Nfl	MAN515097 }}

Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is an American football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League. Manning holds the record for most NFL MVP awards with four. He was drafted by the Colts as the first overall pick in 1998 after a standout college football career with the Tennessee Volunteers. He is the son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and the older brother of current New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning.

Manning holds NFL records for consecutive seasons with 4,000 or more yards passing and the most total seasons with 4,000 or more yards passing in a career. Manning holds the sixth highest career passer rating (94.9) in NFL history and the highest single-season passer rating (121.1 in 2004). He is the all-time Colts franchise leader in career wins, career passing yards, pass attempts, pass completions, and passing touchdowns.

In 2009, he was listed by ''The Sporting News'' as the No. 1 player in the NFL today. Also in 2009, Fox Sports named him player of the decade.

Since the Colts drafted Manning in 1998, the team has the highest conversion rate on 3rd down (44.6%) and 4th down (61.1%) plays in the NFL. While leading the Colts to their Super Bowl XLI victory in 2007, Manning helped the team to an NFL record by converting 56.1% of its 3rd downs.

An extremely marketable player outside of football, Manning has appeared in numerous commercials, was featured on the covers of the ''NFL Fever'' games for the Xbox, hosted an episode of ''Saturday Night Live'', and guest-voiced on ''The Simpsons'', along with his brothers, Eli and Cooper.

Manning's pre-snap routine has become one of the most recognizable scenes in the NFL. Prior to each play in a football game, the offensive team generally huddles; however, Manning and the Colts almost always skip the huddle, instead using a hurry-up offense with numerous audibles at the line of scrimmage. In 2010, he was named the eighth best player in NFL history, according to the NFL's top 100 show, and is the only active player in the top 10 category.

High school career

Manning attended Isidore Newman School in New Orleans, Louisiana. He led his team to a 34–5 record during three seasons as starter. He was named Gatorade Circle of Champions National Player-of-the-Year and Columbus (Ohio) Touchdown Club National Offensive Player-of-the-Year in 1993.

College career

Manning stunned many when he chose to attend the University of Tennessee instead of Ole Miss, his father's alma mater. He became Tennessee's all-time leading passer with 11,201 yards and 89 touchdowns and won 39 of 45 games as a starter, breaking the Southeastern Conference (SEC) record for career wins.

As a freshman, Manning was the third-string quarterback, but injuries to Todd Helton and Jerry Colquitt forced him to take over the Mississippi State game, a 24–21 loss. In his first start, the following week against Washington State, the Vols won, 10–9, and the Vols won all but one of their remaining games, finishing the season 8–4 with a 45–23 victory over Virginia Tech in the Gator Bowl.

Manning and the Vols started off the 1995 season with victories over East Carolina and Georgia, before heading off to Gainesville to play the Gators. Against Florida, he threw for 326 yards and 2 touchdowns, leading the Vols to a 30–21 halftime lead. However, the Gators outscored the Vols 41–7 in the second half, winning 62–37. This would be the Vols' only loss of the season, as they won their remaining 8 regular season games, including a 41–14 win over Alabama and then defeated Ohio State in the Citrus Bowl. The Vols ended the season ranked third and Manning came in sixth in Heisman Trophy voting.

The Vols opened the 1996 season ranked second behind Nebraska and one of the favorites to win the national championship. However, after winning their first two games against UNLV and UCLA, the Vols again lost to Florida, 35–29, with Manning throwing four interceptions. After winning their next four games, the Vols were upset by Memphis, despite Manning passing for 296 yards. The Vols won the remainder of their games, including a 48–28 win in the Citrus Bowl over Northwestern, a game in which Manning passed for 408 yards and 4 touchdowns; he was named the game's MVP.

Manning completed his degree in three years, and was projected to be the top overall pick in the NFL Draft, but returned to Tennessee for his senior year. In his senior season, the Vols opened the season with victories against Texas Tech and UCLA, but for the third time in his career, Manning fell to Florida, 33–20. The Vols won the rest of their regular season games, finishing 10–1, and advanced to the SEC Championship game against Auburn. Down 20–7, Manning led the Vols to a 30–29 victory. Throwing for 4 touchdowns, he was named the game's MVP, but injured himself in the process. The 3rd-ranked Vols were matched-up with 2nd-ranked Nebraska in the Orange Bowl; if Tennessee won and top-ranked Michigan lost to Washington State in the Rose Bowl, the Vols would win the national championship. However, the Vols' defense could not stop Nebraska's rushing attack, giving up over 400 rushing yards in a 42–17 loss. As a senior, Manning won numerous awards; he was a consensus First-team All-American, the Maxwell Award winner, the Davey O'Brien Award winner, the Johnny Unitas Award winner, and the Best College Player ESPY award winner, among others; however, he did not win the Heisman, finishing runner-up to Charles Woodson. In 2005, Tennessee retired Manning's number (#16). One of the streets leading to Neyland Stadium has been re-named Peyton Manning Pass. Manning was elected to Phi Beta Kappa Society in 1997.

Professional career

1998 season: Rookie season

Manning was selected first overall in the 1998 draft by the Indianapolis Colts. In his rookie season, he passed for 3,739 yards with 26 touchdowns, set five different NFL rookie records, including most touchdown passes in a season, and was named to the NFL All-Rookie First Team. Manning's first win came against fellow rookie quarterback Ryan Leaf, 17–12 over the Chargers. Weeks later, Manning faced off against Steve Young; he threw three touchdowns, tying a Colts rookie record, but the 49ers kicked a late field goal to win, 34–31. In November against the Jets, Manning threw for three touchdowns in a 24–23 win; he was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for this performance. It was the first game-winning drive of Manning's career, as he hit Marcus Pollard with the game-winning TD pass. Manning was certainly a bright spot in 1998 for the Colts, but he also threw a league high 28 interceptions as the team struggled to a 3–13 record, with a defense that surrendered more than 27 points per game. The Colts lost many close games, including five games in which they had led by double-digits at some point.

1999 season: First 4,000 Yard season

The Colts opened the 1999 season with a 31–14 victory over Buffalo, but gave up a 28–7 lead the following week against the Patriots and lost. After defeating San Diego 27–19 in a game in which Manning threw for over 400 yards, and was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for they lost again, to Miami. The Colts responded by winning 11 of their remaining 12 games, finishing 13–3 and the AFC East champions. The 10 game turnaround from the previous year set an NFL record. As the second seed in the AFC, the Colts earned a first round bye, and faced Tennessee in the playoffs. The Colts lost 19–16 to the Super Bowl bound Titans and Manning was limited to one touchdown run. Manning finished the year with 4,135 passing yards and 26 passing touchdowns, and was named both Second-team All-Pro and to the Pro Bowl, both firsts for him. In the Pro Bowl, he passed for 270 yards with 2 touchdowns.

2000 season

The Colts started the 2000 season inconsistently. Following an opening week victory against Kansas City, they blew a 21–0 lead against the Raiders. The Colts responded with a Monday Night victory against Jacksonville, a 43–14 win in which Manning threw for 430 yards and 4 touchdowns; Manning was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Week for this performance. The Colts won 4 of their next 5 games, including one against New England in which Manning posted the first perfect passer rating of his career, but then lost 4 of the 5 games following that. The Colts regained their momentum, winning their final 3 games, including a 31–10 win over Minnesota on Week 17. Manning threw for 4 touchdowns in the win and was again named AFC Offensive Player of the Week and the win gave the Colts a 10–6 record as well as a wild card spot in the playoffs. In the wild card game, the Colts fell to the Dolphins, 23–17 in overtime. Manning passed for 194 yards and a touchdown in the loss. He finished the season with and and was named Second-team All-Pro and to the Pro Bowl. At the Pro Bowl, Manning threw two touchdown passes.

2001 season

Manning and the Colts introduced the league to their now-signature no-huddle offense, and used it to great effect in a Week 1 rout of the Jets, 45–24. Two weeks later (Week two games were not played as scheduled due to the 9/11 attacks, the Colts advanced to 2–0 with a win over Buffalo, behind Manning's 421 yards passing. He was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Week for this game. However, the Colts lost the following week to New England, and continued their slide losing their following two games. The Colts briefly rebounded, winning two games, but then lost seven of their last nine, including a 40-21 home loss to the 49ers. After Manning threw a career-high four interceptions in that game, coach Jim Mora uttered his infamous "Playoffs? Don't talk about playoffs. Are you kidding me. Playoffs? I'm just hoping we can win a game, another game" press conference. Despite the 6-10 record, Manning finished the season with , , and 4 rushing touchdowns as the offense produced the second most points in the league. However, the defense allowed the most points and Jim Mora was fired after the season.

2002 season

Tony Dungy would become Manning's second head coach in the NFL. The Colts started off the 2002 season 4–1, before a 3 game losing streak sent them to 4–4. The Colts responded by winning all but two of their remaining games, including a 35–13 upset of the Eagles in which Manning had a perfect passer rating for the second time in his career, giving them a 10–6 record and a spot in the playoffs. However, the Colts were pummeled by the Jets in the Wild Card game, 41–0, with Manning passing for only 137 yards. He finished the year with and and was named to the Pro Bowl team. In the Pro Bowl, Manning completed five of eleven passes for 100 yards and a touchdown.

2003 season: First MVP

The 2003 Colts began the season 5–0, including a 55–21 blowout of the Saints in which Manning played his third perfect passer rating game and threw a career-high six TD passes, earning him AFC Offensive Player of the Week honors. On Monday Night Football against the defending champion Buccaneers, Manning and the Colts trailed 35-14 in the final five minutes. After one short TD drive, the Colts recovered the onside kick. Manning threw a 28 yard TD pass to Marvin Harrison on 4th & 6 to make it 35-28. With 1:41 remaining, Manning got the ball back and drove the offense 85 yards for the game-tying TD. He set up the 29 yard winning field goal in overtime for a stunning 38-35 win. It was the first and only time in NFL history a team won a game after trailing by 21 points in the final 4 minutes of regulation. Manning passed for 386 yards in the game.

After an overtime loss to Carolina, the Colts won all but three of their remaining games, finishing 12–4. On November 30 the Colts hosted the 9-2 Patriots in what would be the beginning of the NFL's top rivalry of the 2000s. The Colts trailed 31-10 late in the third quarter before Manning threw three TD passes in a span of six minutes to tie the game. Trailing 38-34 in the final minutes, the Colts had three plays at the one yard line to try and score the winning TD. Edgerrin James was stuffed on 4th down by Willie McGinest and the Patriots won. In a Week 14 win against Atlanta, Manning threw for five touchdowns and was named player of the week a second time. He also earned AFC Offensive Player of the Month honors for the month of October.

In the Wild Card playoff round Manning and the Colts defeated the Denver Broncos 41–10, his first playoff win. He passed for 377 yards and 5 touchdowns in the game, earning him a perfect passer rating, his second of the season and the fourth of his career. After the game, Manning was awarded Player of the Week honors for the third time that season. In the divisional playoffs, Manning led the Colts to a 38–31 win over the Kansas City Chiefs. Neither team punted in the game. In the AFC title game Manning was shut down by the New England Patriots top-ranked defense and posted the third lowest passer rating of his career at 35.5. The Patriots defense intercepted Manning four times and sacked him another four, as the Colts lost the game 24–14.

During the season, Manning was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Month for September and was named the AP NFL co-MVP along with Titans quarterback Steve McNair. Manning also received the ESPY Award for Best NFL Player. Manning led the league with and threw 29 touchdowns; he was named First-team All-Pro and to the Pro Bowl. He passed for 342 yards and 3 touchdowns in the Pro Bowl, a 55–52 loss.

2004 season: Second MVP

The 2004 Colts opened the season with a 27–24 loss to the Patriots, after Mike Vanderjagt missed a game tying field goal in the closing seconds of the game. The Colts won their next four games including a 45–31 win over Green Bay in which Manning threw 5 touchdowns, earning him AFC Offensive Player of the Week honors, but then lost their next two games, to Jacksonville and Kansas City, despite Manning throwing for 840 yards combined in the two games. The Colts responded well, winning their next 8 games before losing their final regular season game to Denver, a game in which Manning played only the first series. During the month of November, Manning was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Week twice; once for his 5 touchdown performance in a 49–14 blowout of Houston and once for his performance in a 41–9 win at Detroit on Thanksgiving in which he threw 6 touchdowns in less than three quarters. Due to his performances in November, Manning earned AFC Offensive Player of the Month honors. He was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for a fourth time in the week 16 game against San Diego where he led the Colts to a 34–31 victory after trailing by fifteen in the fourth quarter. With the Colts facing a 4th & 4 at their own 26, Manning waved the punt team off the field and completed a 19 yard pass to Reggie Wayne for the first down. He finished the drive with a 21 yard TD pass to Brandon Stokley, his 49th TD pass of the season, breaking Dan Marino's record of 48. After the two point conversion to tie, Manning got the ball first in overtime and set up the winning field goal. The Colts clinched the AFC's third seed with the win.

During the season, Manning threw for 4,557 yards, had a record 121.1 passer rating and record 49 touchdown passes (since broken)., He was selected as the 2004 NFL MVP drawing 49 of 50 votes, was named NFL Offensive Player of the Year and was named the Best NFL Player at the ESPY Awards for the second consecutive year; Manning also received the ESPY Award for Best Record-Breaking Performance for his 49 touchdown passes. The Colts finished the season with a 12–4 record and their second straight AFC South title. Three Colts receivers had 1,000 yards and 10 touchdowns that season, also a record.

In the Wild Card game against Denver, Manning passed for 458 yards and 4 touchdowns. However, the Colts' 2004 season ended in Foxborough for a second straight year with a 20–3 loss against New England, when Manning recorded a season-low passer rating of 69.3. It was Manning's seventh consecutive loss to the Patriots in Foxborough and the Colts' three points were their lowest single game point total since their opening game of the 2003 season. Manning was named a Pro Bowl starter; in the Pro Bowl, he threw 3 touchdowns in a 38–27 victory and was named the game's MVP. Manning was also a unanimous First-team All-Pro selection.

2005 season

In 2005, the Colts had a greatly improved defense over that of recent years. Combining this with their offense, they won their first 13 games, including a 40–21 rout of the two-time defending Super Bowl Champions, New England. This was Manning's first road win against the Patriots in 8 attempts, and his 3 touchdowns passes earned him AFC Offensive Player of the Week honors. By week 15, the Colts had a perfect 13–0 record, and had secured the AFC South and home-field advantage throughout the playoffs. Nevertheless, Tony Dungy made the decision to play all of his regular starters against the Chargers. However, the Colts played a sub-par game against the Chargers and fell short of the win; the score was 26–17. Manning finished the season with , the first time he had thrown for under 4,000 yards since his rookie season of 1998, largely because Manning sat out much of the final two games with the top AFC seed clinched. His quarterback rating of 104.1 was the highest in the league for the season.

In the playoffs, the Pittsburgh Steelers visited the RCA Dome for the second AFC divisional playoff game of the 2005 season. In the 4th quarter with only a few minutes left in the game, Manning threw what looked to be the game-ending interception to Troy Polamalu, but the interception was overturned (a call the NFL later admitted was incorrect). The Colts went on to score, and were able to get the ball back down three points near the end of the game. On 4th down, Manning was sacked near his own goal line, and the game seemed to be over as the Steelers were one yard from a touchdown. On the next play, the ball was fumbled by Jerome Bettis and picked up by Colts defender Nick Harper who appeared to have a clear path down the sideline for what might have been the game-winning score. However, Steelers' quarterback Ben Roethlisberger managed to dive in front of Harper and tackle him by the leg, saving a touchdown. Then the Colts drove down the field to the Steelers 27 yard line, before Mike Vanderjagt missed a field goal as time ran out.

Manning came in second in voting for the MVP award to Shaun Alexander ending his streak at two years. He was named the 2005 winner of the Walter Payton Man of the Year Award and nominated for the FedEx Air Player of the Year Award, along with Tom Brady and Carson Palmer. Manning was also named First-team All-Pro for the third consecutive year and named to the Pro Bowl squad; in the Pro Bowl, he threw one touchdown pass and three interceptions.

2006 season: Super Bowl championship

Manning opened the 2006 season against his brother Eli's New York Giants on Sunday Night Football (the first "Manning Bowl"). It was the first NFL game with starting quarterbacks that were brothers, and Peyton's team won 26-21. Manning passed for 400 yards against the Texans in a 43-24 victory, which earned him AFC Offensive Player of the Week honors (he also won the award for his 345 yards and 4 TD passes against the Redskins in week 7). A second trip to New York, this time to play the Jets, produced another Colts win. After taking the lead twice in the fourth quarter, Manning had to lead a third scoring drive, this time finishing with a 1-yard QB sneak rushing TD in the last minute for a 31-28 win.

At Denver, Manning again led three scoring drives in the fourth quarter in a 34-31 shootout win. He completed 32 of 39 passes for 345 yards and 3 TDs. Following a second straight season with a win at New England, then a home win against Buffalo, the Colts were the NFL's last unbeaten team at 9-0. Their first loss would come in Dallas. Plagued by a run defense that would allow over 100 yards in every game, the Colts were 11-4 heading into their final game. Against Miami, Manning threw for 282 yards, 2 TDs and rushed for another TD. The Colts won 27-22, were AFC South division champions, and clinched the third seed in the AFC playoffs. Manning was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week. He ended the regular season with 4,397 passing yards and a league-leading 31 touchdown passes. His passer rating (101.0) was the highest in the league for the third year in a row. Manning helped the offense set a NFL record for third down conversion rate in a season (56.1%).

Despite three interceptions, Manning completed 30 out of 38 passes as the Colts beat the Kansas City Chiefs in the Wild Card playoff game by a score of 23–8. The following week they were limited to five field goals and no touchdowns, but defeated the Baltimore Ravens, 15–6. In the AFC Championship game against the rival Patriots, the Colts trailed 14–3 when Manning threw an interception that was returned for a TD by Asante Samuel to give New England a 21-3 lead. Manning led the Colts to 32 points in the second half for a 38-34 victory, the final score coming late in the fourth quarter as Manning led the Colts on an 80-yard TD drive to take the lead for the first time in the game. He finished the game with 349 yards passing and two touchdowns (1 rushing). The comeback was the largest deficit ever overcome in a conference championship.

Manning led the Colts to a 29–17 victory over the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XLI and was voted Super Bowl MVP. Manning, who had been criticized for failing to win big games, exorcised his big-game demons with the win. "In years' past when our team's come up short, it's been disappointing," he told reporters. "Somehow we found a way to have learned from some of those losses and we've been a better team because of it." For his role in the Colts' championship run, Manning was awarded the ESPY for Best Championship Performance. Manning was again named to the Pro Bowl and was also named Second-team All-Pro; in the Pro Bowl he played only two series, passing for 67 yards. Following the Super Bowl win, Manning agreed to restructure his contract to save the Colts $8.2 million in salary cap space.

2007 season

Manning's Colts opened the NFL season with 7 wins, pitting them against an undefeated Patriots squad in a match-up that was being called "Super Bowl 41.5". Manning and Addai helped the Colts to a 13–7 half-time lead, and an early fourth quarter touchdown upped the lead to 20–10. However, Brady led the Patriots to two late touchdowns, to hand Manning his first loss of the season, 24–20. Manning finished the game with 225 yards passing, including a passing touchdown. He also had a rushing touchdown.

Manning did not bounce back from the loss well. Against the San Diego Chargers he threw for a career-worst and franchise-record 6 interceptions. Despite this, he was able to rally the Colts from a 23–0 deficit to 23–21, and gave Adam Vinatieri an opportunity to take the lead with a 29-yard field goal. Vinatieri's miss sunk the Colts to 7–2. Manning did not play particularly well against the Kansas City Chiefs either, throwing no touchdowns. However, he managed to lead the Colts on a late drive for a game-winning field goal, rushing for two yards on 4th and 1 in the process. Manning finished the game with , allowing him to overtake 40,000 in his career. The victory was Manning's 100th. The Colts won their next 5 games, securing yet another AFC South title, as well as the AFC's number two seed in the play-offs. In the final game of the regular season, Manning played only two series before being replaced with back-up Jim Sorgi; the Colts lost the game to the Titans, 16–10. Manning finished the season with , , and a quarterback rating of 98.0. In the divisional round of the playoffs, Manning and the Colts lost to the Chargers, 28–24. Manning helped the Colts to 4 different leads but could not lead a final touchdown drive for the win. Manning finished the game with and . Peyton was widely viewed during Super Bowl XLII as he cheered on brother Eli and the New York Giants in their upset of the New England Patriots. Manning was named a Pro Bowl starter and passed for 147 yards and a touchdown in three series.

2008 season: Third MVP

On July 14, 2008, Manning had surgery to remove an infected bursa sac in his left knee. Manning, who had worn a knee brace due to problems since he was in college, sat out all four preseason games and missed most of training camp.

In the first regular season game at new Lucas Oil Stadium, the Colts lost 29–13 to the Chicago Bears. The following week they fell behind 15–0 to the Minnesota Vikings in the 2nd half before rallying to win the game on Adam Vinatieri's 47 yard field goal. Manning passed for 311 yards as the Colts avoided their first 0–2 start since Manning's rookie season. Week 3 matched the Colts with division rival Jacksonville. Manning threw 2 interceptions in the game, including one that was returned for a TD by Rashean Mathis. Jacksonville rushed for 236 yards and held the ball for over 41 minutes. Still, trailing by 6 late in the game Manning led the Colts on a 77-yard TD drive to take a 21–20 lead. Jacksonville kicker Josh Scobee made a 51 yard field goal to win the game and drop the Colts to 1–2.

For the third week in a row, Manning used the 4th quarter to bring the Colts back from a 27–10 deficit in the last 5 minutes against the Houston Texans to a 31–27 victory. It was the first time an NFL team had won a game in regulation after trailing by 17 points in the last 5 minutes. Manning threw a 7 yard TD pass on 4th & 6 to rookie tight end Tom Santi to make the deficit 27–17. Houston QB Sage Rosenfels, starting for the injured Matt Schaub, then fumbled the ball on a scramble, and it was returned 68 yards for a TD by Gary Brackett. After another Rosenfels fumble, Manning threw the 5-yard game-winning TD pass to Reggie Wayne. The Colts scored 3 TDs in 2:10.

On October 12 Manning led the Colts to a 31–3 blow out win at Lucas Oil Stadium against the Baltimore Ravens to avoid their first 0–3 start at home since 1997. Manning was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for the 17th time in his career for his effort of 3 TD passes and 271 yards passing. It was revealed during the game by CBS commentators Jim Nantz and Phil Simms that Manning had a second surgery on his knee before the season started. Colts coach Tony Dungy confirmed this report the day after the Baltimore game.

The Colts suffered their largest margin of defeat, 34–14, in Green Bay the following week. Manning threw 2 interceptions that were returned for touchdowns (2nd time in career; 1st was 9/30/01 vs. New England Patriots). The next week the Colts went into Tennessee on Monday Night Football to face the 6–0 Titans. They led 14–6 in the 3rd quarter, but Tennessee scored 25 unanswered for a 31–21 victory and almost assured the Colts they would not win the AFC South division title for the first time in 6 seasons. At 3–4 the Colts opened up November with their annual showdown against the New England Patriots on Sunday Night Football. The game lacked the luster the rivalry has carried, as there was no Tom Brady, no undefeated season on the line, and neither team was in 1st place of their division. Still, the game was close all the way. Tied at 15 in the 4th quarter, Manning set up Adam Vinatieri for a 52 yard field goal that proved to be the winning points in an 18–15 victory. Manning completed 21 of 29 passes for 254 yards, 2 touchdowns and no interceptions. The Colts were 4–4 halfway through the season and still alive in the AFC playoff race.

In week 10 the Colts traveled to Pittsburgh, who had the league's #1 defense. They trailed 17–7 in the 2nd quarter before Manning found Dallas Clark for a 2-yard TD to end the half 17–14. Down 20–17 in the 4th quarter, Manning found Dominic Rhodes uncovered for a 17 yard TD pass that would put the Colts up 24–20 for the rest of the game. It was Manning's 4th game-winning drive (35th of his career) this season. He completed 21 of 40 for 240 yards and 3 touchdowns (the 50th game of his career with 3+ TD passes). It was the first time the Colts have won in Pittsburgh since 1968 (12 straight losses before this win). Against Houston, Manning passed for 320 yards and 2 TDs while leading 5 consecutive scoring drives in a 33–27 victory, the third in a row for the Colts. Manning won AFC Offensive Player of the Week for the 2nd time this season (18th time, career)

At San Diego, Manning threw for 255 yards, 2 TDs and 1 INT in a 23–20 victory. The interception snapped a career-best streak of 140 pass attempts without an interception. After the Chargers rallied from a 10 point deficit in the 4th to tie the game, Manning led the game-winning drive by completing a 14 yard pass to Marvin Harrison on 4th and inches at midfield. Adam Vinateri kicked the winning 51 yard field goal three plays later. It was Manning's 5th game-winning drive this season. Manning passed for a season-low 125 yards at Cleveland, but the Colts won their 5th straight game, by a final of 10–6.

In a 35–3 victory against the Cincinnati Bengals, Manning threw 3 TD passes while completing 26 of 32 passes for 277 yards. It marked the 11th straight season Manning had thrown at least 20 TD passes, the 2nd longest streak ever. Against the 0–13 Detroit Lions, the Colts found themselves in a 21–21 game in the 4th quarter. Manning led his 6th game-winning drive of the season and the Colts pulled away 31–21. It marked their 7th straight win, 7th straight season with 10+ wins, and they became the only team in NFL history to have a winning streak of at least 7 games in 5 straight seasons. Manning completed 28 of 37 passes for 318 yards and 1 TD.

Needing a win to clinch the 5th seed in the playoffs, Manning had one of his best career performances in Jacksonville on Thursday Night Football. He completed his first 17 passes of the game. In addition to completing his last 6 against Detroit, Manning's 23 straight completions fell one shy of the NFL record (Donovan McNabb – 24). The Colts trailed 14–0 in the first half and 24–14 to start the 4th quarter. Manning led his 7th 4th quarter win of the season and the Colts put the game away with a defensive TD for a 31–24 victory to clinch a 7th consecutive playoff berth. Manning completed 29 of 34 passes (85.7%) for 364 yards and 3 TDs. It increased his NFL record streak of seasons with 25 TD passes to 11. Manning and the Colts tied a NFL record by winning 3 games in a season in which they trailed by at least 14 points. For his efforts Manning won AFC Offensive Player of the Week for the third time in 2008. It was the 19th time he has won the award, passing Dan Marino for the most all-time since the award was originated in 1984. He also was selected as the FedEx Air Player of the Week. With the playoff seed secured, Manning only played the opening drive in a shutout against the division-leading Titans in Week 17. He completed all 7 of his passes for 95 yards and a TD, extending his NFL record to nine seasons with 4000 yards passing, and also extended the record to a sixth straight season he led the Colts to at least 12 wins. At the end of the 2008 season, Manning was named NFL MVP for the 3rd time, tying Brett Favre for the most MVP awards in NFL history.

The day following the MVP award, the Colts played their 2007 nemesis, the Chargers, in their wild-card playoff game. Down 14–10 at the half, Manning put the Colts ahead 17–14 in the third quarter as he completed a 72-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Reggie Wayne. But the Chargers tied the game in the fourth quarter as kicker Nate Kaeding nailed a 22-yard field goal. When San Diego won the coin toss, they scored on the first possession, ending the Colts season.

2009 season: Fourth MVP and Second Super Bowl appearance

Week 1 vs. Jacksonville Jaguars (W 14–12): Under new head coach Jim Caldwell, Manning started the 2009 season with a victory by throwing for 301 yards.

Week 2 at Miami Dolphins (W 27–23): On Monday Night Football, Manning led his 29th fourth quarter comeback (38th game-winning drive) by throwing for 303 yards and 2 TD passes, despite only having the ball for 14:53, the lowest time of possession for a winning team in the NFL since they began tracking the statistic in 1977. The win was Manning's 119th in the regular season, moving him past Johnny Unitas for 5th all time.

Week 3 at Arizona Cardinals (W 31–10): Manning passed for 379 yards and had 4 TD passes for the 18th time in his career (moving him ahead of Johnny Unitas into third on the NFL career list) in his first ever NFL game played in Arizona. It was his 50th regular season game with 300 yards passing (third consecutive). For his efforts in September, Manning was named AFC Offensive Player of the Month for the fourth time in his career.

Week 4 vs Seattle Seahawks (W 34–17): Manning passed for 353 yards and 2 TDs. His fourth consecutive 300-yard passing game set a new franchise record.

Week 5 at Tennessee Titans (W 31–9): Manning passed for 309 yards and 3 TDs. In the process he moved into sole possession of 3rd place in passing touchdowns (345) and 5th all-time in passing yards (47,273), surpassing Fran Tarkenton in both categories.

Week 7 at St. Louis Rams (W 42–6): Though only throwing for 235 yards (ending his streak of five consecutive 300-yard passing games; record is 6), Manning threw three TD passes and led the Colts to their 15th straight regular season win and set a franchise-record with an eighth straight road win.

Week 8 vs. San Francisco 49ers (W 18–14): Held without a TD pass for the first time in 10 games, Manning threw for 347 yards and running back Joseph Addai threw the game-winning TD pass on a trick play to start the 4th quarter for Indy's 16th consecutive regular season win.

Week 9 vs. Houston Texans (W 20–17): Manning reached several milestones in leading the Colts to becoming the fourth team in NFL history with 17 straight regular-season wins. He moved past Fran Tarkenton for 4th all-time in wins with 125. He became the first quarterback to pass for over 40,000 yards in a decade. He threw a career-high 25 passes in the 1st quarter (most in any opening quarter since 1991), and had a career-high 40 pass attempts in the first half. He set a franchise record for most 300 yard passing games in a season with his seventh 300-yard effort of the season (also a NFL record through the first 8 games of a season ). He led his third 4th quarter comeback of the season.

Week 10 vs. New England Patriots (W 35–34): Trailing 31–14 early in the 4th quarter, Manning led the Colts on three touchdown drives for his 32nd 4th quarter comeback victory. He threw a 1-yard winning TD pass to Reggie Wayne with 13 seconds remaining. For the game, Manning had 4 TD passes and 327 yards passing, his eighth 300 yard passing game of the season. The 18 straight regular season wins are tied for the second longest streak in NFL history. He was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for the 20th time.

Week 11 at Baltimore Ravens (W 17–15): Manning fell one yard shy of reaching 300 yards passing in the 19th consecutive regular season win for the Colts. For the first time in NFL history, a team won four straight games after trailing in the 4th quarter as Manning led the game-winning field goal drive. He surpassed 3000 yards passing for the 12th straight season.

Week 12 at Houston Texans (W 35–27): After trailing 17–0 in the second quarter, the Colts rallied back behind three Manning TD passes for their 20th straight regular season win to clinch the AFC South division title. It was the fifth straight game Manning led a game-winning drive in the 4th quarter, another NFL record. It was his 34th comeback win in the 4th quarter, tying him with John Elway and Johnny Unitas for the second most in NFL history.

Week 13 vs. Tennessee Titans (W 27–17): Manning used a 24–10 halftime lead and a time-consuming field goal drive in the 4th quarter to secure the Colts' record-tying 21st straight regular season win. They also extended their record to 7 straight seasons with at least 12 wins and tied the 1990 49ers for the most wins in a decade (113).

Week 14 vs. Denver Broncos (W 28–16): Manning threw 3 TD passes for a 21–0 lead, then after a season-high 3 interceptions, threw a game-clinching TD pass to Dallas Clark as the Colts clinched the #1 seed in the AFC, and set NFL records for most consecutive regular seasons wins (22) and most wins in a decade (114). It was also the 13th straight win at home, a franchise record.

Week 15 at Jacksonville Jaguars (W 35–31): For a record 7th time in a season (35th career), Manning led the Colts to victory after trailing in the 4th quarter on Thursday Night Football. In a performance similar to his MVP-clinching game in 2008 at Jacksonville, Manning completed 23 of 30 passes for 308 yards and 4 TDs. He was 12/12 in the first half with 2 TD passes on the only two offensive possessions the Colts had in the half. On 3rd & 5 with just over five minutes remaining in the game, Manning threw the 65 yard game winning TD pass to Reggie Wayne as the Colts became the third team to ever start a season 14–0 (1972 Dolphins, 2007 Patriots), and in the process, tied or broke several passing marks: Manning went over 4,000 yards passing for a record 10th time in his career. He had his ninth 300-yard passing game of the season, one shy of the NFL record of ten 300-yard passing games in a season. It was also the 21st time Manning threw 4 TDs in a game, tying Marino for 2nd all-time. Finally, his 23rd consecutive regular season win broke Jim McMahon's NFL record of 22 straight wins with the Chicago Bears from 1984-87.

Week 16 vs. New York Jets (L 29-15): Manning completed 14/21 passes for 192 yards to became the fourth QB in NFL history to pass for 50,000 yards, and is the fastest and youngest to reach that mark. However, the Colts suffered their first loss of the season, putting an end to the record 23 game streak in the regular season. After building a 9-0 lead, the Colts trailed 10-9 when the Jets returned the opening kickoff of the third quarter for a TD. Manning led the Colts on an 81 yard TD drive (two-point conversion failed) to take a 15-10 lead. With 5:36 remaining in the third quarter, rookie back up Curtis Painter replaced Manning at QB as Colts coach Jim Caldwell began to rest his starters for the remainder of the game. As the crowd booed the decision, Painter fumbled on his second possession and it was returned for the go ahead score. The Jets would outscore the Colts 19-0 after Manning was taken out. When asked about the decision, Manning said, "I was prepared that that potentially could be the case. I wasn't surprised when that news was told to me."

Week 17 at Buffalo Bills (L 30-7): Manning only played the first three series before sitting out the rest of the game, which was played in several inches of snow. He completed 14 of 18 passes for 95 yards and one interception to finish the season with 4,500 yards passing and a 99.9 passer rating. The Colts were outscored 49-7 since the decision to bench Manning and other starters in week 16 against the Jets.

Manning was awarded his fourth MVP, breaking the NFL record for most MVPs by a single player. He was also selected to the AP All-Pro team for the fifth time in his career.

AFC Divisional vs. Baltimore Ravens (W 20-3): Manning threw 2 TD passes late in the first half to build a 17-3 halftime lead which the defense would hold in the second half. He completed 30 passes for 246 yards in leading his eight straight victory over the Ravens.

AFC Championship vs. New York Jets (W 30-17) Against the top-ranked defense of the Jets, Manning overcame a 17-6 deficit late in the second quarter to lead the Colts to 24 unanswered points in a 30-17 win. He completed 26 of 39 passes for 377 yards, 3 touchdowns and no turnovers in clinching his second Super Bowl appearance. The 11 point comeback was the third largest in a championship game (the largest being the 18 point rally Manning led against New England in the 2006 AFC Championship). Manning set a playoff record with his seventh 300 yard passing game in the postseason.

Super Bowl XLIV vs. New Orleans Saints (L 31-17) Against his hometown team, Manning led the Colts to a 10-0 lead after their two first quarter drives, throwing a TD pass to Pierre Garcon to cap off a 96 yard drive (tied for longest in Super Bowl history). After running just six plays in the second quarter, the Colts led 10-6 at halftime. The Saints recovered an onside kick to start the second half and took their first lead, 13-10. Manning led a go ahead TD drive to regain the lead. Leading 17-16 at the start of the 4th quarter, Matt Stover missed a 51 yard field goal for the Colts. The Saints scored the go ahead TD and two-point conversion to take a 24-17 lead with 5:42 left. Manning took over and moved the Colts to the Saints' 31 yard line. Facing a 3rd & 5 with 3:24 left, his pass intended for Reggie Wayne was intercepted by Tracy Porter, who returned it 74 yards for a critical TD and 31-17 Saints lead. Manning drove the Colts down to the 5 yard line in the last minute, but his 4th & goal pass was dropped by Reggie Wayne at the goal line. The Saints won their first Super Bowl, dropping Manning to 9-9 in the postseason (1-1 Super Bowl record). Manning passed for 333 yards on 31/45, with 1 TD and 1 interception.

2010 season

Week 1 at Houston Texans (L 34–24): In a season-opening loss in Houston, Manning set career highs in pass attempts (57) and completions (40), throwing for 3 TDs and 433 yards, the fourth highest opening-weekend total ever. It was his 8th 400 yard passing game in the regular season, putting him in sole possession of 2nd place all time (Dan Marino, 13).

Week 2 vs. New York Giants (W 38-14): Manning played against his brother Eli in the second "Manning Bowl" on Sunday Night Football. Peyton outdueled his brother, throwing for 3 TDs, and 255 yards.

Week 3 at Denver Broncos (W 27-13): Manning passed for 325 yards, 3 TDs and no interceptions, marking the first time since 1960 a QB began a season with three consecutive games of at least 3 TD passes and zero interceptions.

Week 4 at Jacksonville Jaguars (L 31-28): Manning led two different game-tying TD drives in the fourth quarter, the last coming with 0:48 remaining. Jacksonville won the game on a 59 yard field goal by Josh Scobee on the final play. Manning passed for 352 yards and 2 TDs, surpassing John Elway for third all time in career passing yardage.

Week 5 vs. Kansas City Chiefs (W 19-9): Manning failed to throw a TD for the first time in 2010, but led the Colts on a game-winning drive in the 4th quarter (45th of his career) to hand the Chiefs their first loss of the season.

Week 6 at Washington Redskins (W 27-24): Manning passed for 307 yards and 2 TDs on Sunday Night Football. Including the playoffs, he has 68 career games with 300+ yards passing, moving him ahead of Dan Marino (67) for the most in NFL history.

Week 8 vs. Houston Texans (W 30-17): Manning passed for 268 yards and 2 TDs to improve to 9-0 at home against the Texans and 11-3 on Monday Night Football, the best Monday night record for any starting QB (min. 10 wins).

Week 9 at Philadelphia Eagles (L 26-24): Making his 200th consecutive regular season start, Manning passed for 294 yards and a TD, but was intercepted twice by Asante Samuel; the second coming with six seconds remaining as Manning tried to get the Colts in position for a winning field goal.

Week 10 vs. Cincinnati Bengals (W 23-17): Manning was held to a season-low 185 yards passing and no touchdowns, but improved to 7-0 as a career starter against the Bengals.

Week 11 at New England Patriots (L 31-28): Trailing 31-14 in the fourth quarter, Manning threw two TD passes to Blair White to make it 31-28. After driving to the New England twenty-four, Manning's first down pass was intercepted by James Sanders with thirty-one seconds remaining, securing the Patriot win. Manning passed for 396 yards, 4 TDs and 3 interceptions. The game marked the 22nd time Manning threw 4 TDs in a game, breaking a tie with Dan Marino for second-most all-time.

Week 12 vs. San Diego Chargers (L 36-14): Manning passed for 285 yards, 2 TDs, and 4 interceptions (two were returned for scores) in the largest margin of defeat at home in his NFL career. It was Manning's third career game with at least four interceptions (twice against San Diego). It was the fifth loss of the season for Indianapolis, ending the record streak of seven consecutive seasons with 12+ wins.

Week 13 vs. Dallas Cowboys (L 38-35 OT): For the second straight game, Manning finished with 2 TD passes and 4 interceptions (two returned for scores) as the Colts lost in overtime. The first interception return resulted in a 17-0 deficit in the first half. After taking a lead, the Colts trailed 35-28 late in the fourth quarter as Manning then engineered an 81-yard tying TD drive to force overtime. On their second possession in OT, Manning's third down pass was intercepted and returned to the Colts' 36 yard line. Dallas kicked the winning field goal six plays later. Manning threw for 365 yards.

Week 14 at Tennessee Titans (W 30-28): Manning bounced back on Thursday Night Football with an interception-free performance, passing for 319 yards and 2 TDs. He went over 4000 yards passing for the 11th time in a season, and tied Dan Marino with his 63rd regular season game with 300+ yards passing. Manning was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for this game.

Week 15 vs. Jacksonville Jaguars (W 34-24): Manning passed for 229 yards and 2 TDs as the Colts prevented Jacksonville from claiming the AFC South with a victory.

Week 16 vs. Oakland Raiders (W 31-26): Manning passed for 179 yards and 3 TDs, and had a 27 yard rush on third-and-two in the fourth quarter to clinch a third straight win for the Colts.

Week 17 vs. Tennessee Titans (W 23-20): Manning led the 46th game-winning drive of his career as the Colts won the AFC South for the seventh time in eight years, and Manning became the first QB in NFL history to lead his team to nine consecutive postseason berths (2002–2010). It was the 208th consecutive regular season start of his career, breaking Gene Upshaw's record. For the season, Manning finished with a NFL record 450 completions on 679 attempts (2nd most in history), and a career-high 4700 yards passing.

AFC Wild Card vs. New York Jets (L 17-16): With 2:36 remaining in the fourth quarter and the Colts trailing 14-13, Manning led a 48-yard drive that ended in a 50 yard FG by Adam Vinatieri, putting the Colts ahead 16-14 with 0:53 remaining. The Jets won the game on a FG as time expired, ending the season for Manning and the Colts. Manning completed 18 of 26 passes for 225 yards and a TD.

On February 15, 2011, the Colts placed their franchise tag on Manning.

On July 30, 2011, the Colts signed Manning to a 5 year, $90 million contract after negotiations in which he made it clear that he did not want to be the highest-paid player in the NFL

Personal life

Manning was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He married his wife Ashley in Memphis on St. Patrick's Day in 2001. Ashley was introduced to him by her parents' next-door neighbor the summer before Manning's freshman year in college. Peyton and wife Ashley have two kids, twins (boy and girl), Marshall Williams and Mosley Thompson.

During the summer, Archie, Peyton, Eli, and Cooper run the Manning Passing Academy, a five day camp which aims to improve the offensive skills of quarterbacks, wide receivers, tight ends, and running backs. In addition to the Mannings, the camp has included many prominent players from football as coaches, such as Colts wide receivers Marvin Harrison and Reggie Wayne.

Peyton, along with Archie, authored a book entitled ''Manning: A Father, His Sons, and a Football Legacy'', which was released in 2000. The book covers Archie's and Cooper's lives and careers, and Peyton's life and career up to the time that the book was released, and examines football from both Archie's and Peyton's points-of-view.

In 2009, Peyton, Eli, and Archie co-authored a children's book entitled ''Family Huddle,'' which describes in simple text and pictures how the three Manning brothers played football as young boys (Scholastic Press; illustrations by Jim Madsen).

Manning has donated over $8,000 to Republican politicians, among them Fred Thompson, Bob Corker, and former President George W. Bush.

Manning in popular culture

Manning has become the NFL's most marketable player, appearing in several television and printed advertisements for some of the NFL's biggest sponsors. Manning is recognized as a pitchman for the following companies: Sprint, Sony, MasterCard, Gatorade, DirecTV, H.H. Gregg, and the American Red Cross. Manning also was the spokesman for Xbox's NFL Fever games, and was featured on the covers of the games.

Manning made an appearance on Saturday Night Live's sports extra in 2008 in which he was in a children's football scene, and a high school basketball scene. An ESPN ''This is SportsCenter'' ad from 2006 features the entire Manning family; parents Archie and Olivia, with their sons Peyton, Eli and Cooper, touring the SportCenter studios with Peyton and Eli engaging in horseplay behind everybody.

He was also featured in one of a series of DirecTV commercials where celebrities are seen in their element, then suddenly begin addressing the viewer. In his commercial they parodied his pre-snap audible routine and known delay in calling for the ball by having him pitch NFL Sunday Ticket instead of changing the play during a blowout game against the Tennessee Titans. Manning also appears in advertisements for St. Mary's Medical Center in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Manning also hosted ''Saturday Night Live'' with musical guest Carrie Underwood on March 24, 2007, his 31st birthday. The episode earned the show's highest household rating in more than 10 months in the metered markets. During his opening, he alluded to his most-marketable status by joking that he had accomplished two of his life goals: his team, the Colts, winning a Super Bowl and his appearance on over half of America's television commercials. He has also won the Favorite Male Athlete award for the Kids Choice Awards. On May 27, 2007 Manning waved the green flag to begin the 91st Indianapolis 500.

In 2009, Manning guest-voiced (with his brothers, Eli and Cooper) on an episode of ''The Simpsons'' called "O Brother, Where Bart Thou?" in which Bart dreams of having a baby brother and sees such famous brothers as The Marx Brothers, The Blues Brothers, The Wright Brothers, The Mario Brothers, and The Manning Brothers.

Charitable works

Shortly after beginning his NFL career, Manning started his own charity, the Peyback Foundation. The Peyback Foundation's mission is to help disadvantaged kids, and focuses its efforts in Louisiana, Tennessee, and Indiana.

Manning, along with his brother Eli, volunteered their assistance in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Among the tasks performed, the Mannings assisted in the delivery of 30,000 pounds of water, Gatorade, baby formula, diapers, and pillows to the people of New Orleans.

On September, 2007, St. Vincent Hospital in Indianapolis renamed its children's hospital to "Peyton Manning Children's Hospital at St. Vincent." Manning and his wife made a donation of an undisclosed amount to St. Vincent's and have had a relationship with the hospital since his arrival in Indianapolis.

The Manning Bowl

The Manning brothers Peyton and Eli have played against each other a few times in their professional careers. These encounters have been colloquially named "The Manning Bowl". The first Manning Bowl was held in 2006 and Peyton's Colts defeated Eli's Giants by a score of 26-21 . The second Manning Bowl was held in Week 2 of the 2010 season and Peyton and his team bested Eli's team again by a score of 38-14.

Career awards and records

Major high school awards

1992, 1993 Louisiana Class 2A MVP 1993 Gatorade Circle of Champions Award 1993 Atlanta TD Club's Bobby Dodd Award 1993 New Orleans Quarterback Club Player of the Year 1993 Columbus, Ohio Touchdown Club Offensive Player of the Year 1993 Gatorade High School Player of the Year (National)

College awards

1994 SEC Freshman of the Year 1995 First-Team All-SEC 1995 SEC Offensive Player of the Week (vs. Arkansas) 1995 NCAA Offensive Player of the Week (vs. Arkansas) 1996 Second-Team All-SEC 1996 Third-Team All-American 1996 SEC Offensive Player of the Week (vs. South Carolina) 1996 SEC Offensive Player of the Week (vs. Georgia) 1997 Davey O'Brien Award 1997 Johnny Unitas Award 1997 NCAA QB of the Year 1997 Maxwell Award 1997 James E. Sullivan Award 1997 Today's Top VIII Award 1997 SEC Championship MVP

1997 Citrus Bowl MVP

1997 First-Team All-American 1997 SEC Player of the Year 1997 First-Team All-SEC 1997 SEC Player of the Week (vs. Southern Miss) 1998 Best College Player ESPY Award

NFL awards

NFL MVP (2003 (shared with Steve McNair), 2004, 2008, 2009) Best NFL Player ESPY Award(2004, 2005) 11× Pro Bowl Selection (1999–2000, 2002–2010) 5× First-team All-Pro (2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009) 3× Second-team All-Pro (1999, 2000, 2006) 2× Bert Bell Award (2003, 2004)

6× AFC Offensive Player of the Year Awards (1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009)

1998 NFL All-Rookie First Team 2004 AFC Offensive Player of the Year 2004 Fedex Express Player of the Year 2005 Best Record-Breaking Performance ESPY Award 2005 Walter Payton Man of the Year Award 2005 Byron “Whizzer” White Humanitarian Award 2005 Pro Bowl MVP 2007 Super Bowl MVP 2007 Best Championship Performance ESPY Award Additionally, Manning has been named the AFC Offensive Player of the Month four times (9/2003, 11/2004, 10/2006, 9/2009) and Offensive Player of the Week on 21 occasions (20 AFC, 1 NFL/playoff).

College records

Tennessee Volunteers records

Most passing attempts (career): 1,381 Most passing attempts (season): 477 (1997) Most passing attempts (game): 65 (09/21/96 vs. Florida) Most completions (career): 863 Most completions (game): 37 (09/21/96 vs. Florida) Most consecutive completions (game): 12 (11/22/97 vs. Kentucky) Highest completion percentage (career): 62.49% Highest completion percentage (season): 64.2% (1995) Lowest interception percentage (career): 2.39% Lowest interception percentage (season): 1.05% (1995) Most consecutive passes without an interception (season): 132 Most passing yards (season): 3,819 (1997) Most passing yards (career): 11,201 Most passing yards (game): 508 (11/22/97 vs. Kentucky) Most offensive yards (career): 11,020 Most 500+ passing yard games (career): 1 Most 400+ passing yard games (career): 3 Most 300+ passing yard games (career): 18 Most 300+ passing yard games (season): 9 (1997) Most consecutive 300+ passing yard games: 7 Most 200+ passing yard games (career): 30 Most wins as starting quarterback (career): 39 Most touchdown passes (career): 89 Most touchdown passes (game): 5 (08/30/97 vs. Texas Tech, 11/22/97 vs. Kentucky) Most touchdowns (career): 101 Most offensive plays (career): 1,534 Most offensive plays (season): 538 (1997) Most offensive plays (game): 70 (09/21/96 vs. Florida)

SEC records

Lowest interception percentage (season): 1.05% (1995) Highest completion percentage (career): 62.49% Lowest interception percentage (career): 2.39% Most 300+ passing yard games (career): 18

NFL records

Manning holds a number of individual career records:

Regular season

Highest passer rating, season: 121.1 (2004) Most seasons with at least 4,000 passing yards: 11 (1999–2004, 2006–2010) Most consecutive seasons with at least 4,000 passing yards: 6 (1999–2004) Most pass completions in a season: 450 (2010) Most games with 40+ pass attempts in a season: 10 (2010) Most games with 30+ pass completions in a season: 6 (2010; tied with Kurt Warner and Rich Gannon) Most consecutive seasons with at least 20 touchdown passes: 13 (1998–2010; current) Most consecutive seasons with at least 25 touchdown passes: 13 (1998–2010; current) Most games with a perfect passer rating, career: 4 (includes 1 playoff game) Most consecutive games started to open a career: 208 (current) Most consecutive games started to open a career by a quarterback: 208 (current) Most consecutive games with at least 2 touchdown passes: 13 (games 1–13, 2004) Most consecutive games with at least 4 touchdown passes: 5 (games 7–11, 2004) Most games with at least 4 touchdown passes, season: 6 (2004; tied with 1984 Marino) Most games with at least 4 touchdown passes, career: 24 (includes 2 playoff games; tied with Brett Favre) Most games with at least 5 touchdown passes, career: 7 (includes 1 playoff game)

Most games with at least 5 touchdown passes and no interceptions, career: 4 (tied with Tom Brady)

One of only seven QBs with at least 6 touchdown passes in two games (tied with Sammy Baugh, Y.A. Tittle, Daryle Lamonica, Tom Brady, Charley Johnson and George Blanda)

One of only two QBs with at least 6 touchdown passes and no interceptions in two games (tied with Tom Brady)

Most regular games with at least 300 passing yards: 63 (tied with Dan Marino)

Most regular and postseason games with at least 300 passing yards: 71

Most games with at least 400 yards passing and no interceptions: 4

Most career touchdown passes in Thursday games: 25

Most touchdown passes on a Thursday game: 6 (tied with Bob Griese)

Largest career TD-INT differential: 201

Highest career passing TDs/game average (min. 150 TD passes): 1.91 TDs/game Highest career passing yards/game average: 263.6 Second-Highest career completions/game average (min. 100 games played): 22.5 Most consecutive games with a passer rating over 100: 9 (games 5–13 of 2004 season; record tied by Carson Palmer, 2004–05 and Tom Brady, 2006–07) Highest completion percentage by a QB in one month in NFL history (min. 75 attempts): 81.8% (December 2008) Most career games with a completion percentage of 70% or higher (min. 10 attempts): 66

Most consecutive regular season wins as a starter: 23 (2008–2009)

Most seasons with 10+ wins as a starter (regular season only): 11 (1999–2000, 2002–2010)

Most seasons with 12+ wins as a starter (regular season only): 8 (1999, 2003–2009)

Only QB with at least 12 wins as a starter in 7 consecutive seasons (2003–2009) Only QB with nine straight seasons of 10+ wins as a starter (2002–2010) Only QB to lead five consecutive 4th quarter comeback wins (games 7–11, 2009) Most fourth quarter comeback wins in one season: 7 (2009) First QB to defeat the other 31 teams in the regular season (Tom Brady did this later the same day, and Brett Favre did it the following week) Most wins as a starting QB in a decade, regular season only: 115 (2000s)

Most wins as a starting QB in a decade, regular & postseason: 124 (2000s)

Most AP NFL MVP Awards: 4 (2003, 2004, 2008, 2009)

Most Touchdown Passes in a decade: 314 (2000–2009)

Most Passing Yards in a decade: 42,254 (2000–2009)

Most Completions in a decade: 3,575 (2000–2009)

Playoff records

Most 300+ yard passing games: 8 Most 400+ yard passing games: 2 (tied with Dan Marino) Most yards passing, 1st half of game: 360 vs. Denver Broncos, 1/9/05 Led the biggest comeback in conference championship game history (18 pts), 1/21/07 vs. New England One of only four QBs to post a perfect 158.3 passer rating in a game (Don Meredith, Terry Bradshaw, Dave Krieg) Most games with 20+ completions: 14 Most games with 30+ completions: 4 Most games with 30+ attempts: 17 Most games with 40+ attempts: 8 Most completions and attempts in a single postseason: 97/153 (2006) One of only 2 quarterbacks to complete 80% of his passes in two playoff games (tied with Kurt Warner)

Most consecutive postseasons with at least one start: 9 (2002–2010)

Rookie records

Most passing attempts: 575 (surpassed by Sam Bradford in 2010) Most completions: 326 (surpassed by Sam Bradford in 2010) Most passing yards: 3,739 Most touchdown passes: 26 Most consecutive games with a touchdown pass (games 4–16): 13 Most games with at least one touchdown pass: 15 Most games with 300+ yards passing: 4

With Marvin Harrison

Manning and former Colts wide receiver Marvin Harrison hold a number of QB-WR tandem records: Most completions/receptions (career): 953 Most passing/receiving yards (career): 12,756 Most passing/receiving touchdowns (career): 112

Most completions/receptions in a season, QB-to-WR duo: 143 (2002)

Most passing/receiving yards in a season, QB-to-WR duo: 1,722 (2002)

Pro Bowl records

Most Pro Bowl selections for a QB: 11 (tied with Brett Favre)

Most consecutive Pro Bowl selections for a QB: 9 (following the 2002-2010 seasons)

Most passing attempts (career): 150 Most passing attempts (game): 41 (2004) Most completions (career): 92 Most completions (game): 22 (2004) Most passing yards (career): 1,278 Most passing yards (game): 342 (2004) Most passing touchdowns (career): 13

Colts franchise records

Most passing attempts (career): 7,210 Most passing attempts (season): 679 (2010) Most passing attempts (rookie season): 575 (1998) Most 40+ passing attempt games (career): 56 Most completions (career): 4,682 Most completions (season): 450 (2010) Most completions (rookie season): 326 (1998) Most completions (game): 40 (09/12/10 at Houston) Most completions (rookie game): 30 (11/01/98 vs. New England) Most consecutive completions: 23 (12/14/08-12/18/08 vs. Detroit/Jacksonville) Most games with 20+ completions (career): 140 Most consecutive games with 20+ completions: 14 (games 1–14, 2010) Most games with 30+ completions (career): 23 Highest completion percentage (career): 64.9% Highest completion percentage (season): 68.8% (2009) Highest completion percentage (rookie season): 56.7% Highest completion percentage (game): 87.5% (14/16 for 95 yards, 12/30/07 vs. Tennessee) Most passing yards (career): 54,828 Most passing yards (season): 4,700 (2010) Most passing yards (rookie season): 3,739 Most passing yards (game): 472 (10/31/04 vs. Kansas City) Most 300+ passing yard games (career): 63 Most 300+ passing yard games (season): 9 (2009) Most 300+ passing yard games (rookie season): 4 Most consecutive passing 300+ yard games: 5 (games 1–5 in 2009) Most seasons with at least 4,000 passing yards : 11 (1999–2004, 2006–2010) Most consecutive seasons with at least 4,000 passing yards (1999–2004): 6 Most touchdown passes (career): 399 Most touchdown passes (season): 49 (2004) Most touchdown passes (rookie season): 26 Most touchdown passes (game): 6 (09/28/03 vs. New Orleans and 11/25/04 vs. Detroit) Most touchdown passes (rookie game): 3 (4 times; tied with Johnny Unitas and Jeff George) Most games with at least 4 touchdown passes (career): 22 Most games with at least 4 touchdown passes (season, 2004): 6 Most games with at least 3 touchdown passes (career): 64 Most games with at least 1 touchdown pass (season): 15 (5 times) Most games with at least 1 touchdown pass (rookie season): 15 (1998) Most consecutive games with at least 4 touchdown passes (games 7–11, 2004): 5 (2004) Most consecutive games with at least 3 touchdown passes : 8 (games 5–12, 2004) Most consecutive games with at least 2 touchdown passes: 13 (games 1–13, 2004) Most consecutive games with at least 1 touchdown pass (rookie season): 13 (games 4–16) Most consecutive seasons with at least 25 touchdown passes : 13 (1998–2010, current) Highest touchdown percentage (career): 5.66% Highest touchdown percentage (season): 9.86% (2004) Highest touchdown percentage (game): 24.00% (09/28/03 vs. New Orleans) Most interceptions thrown (game): 6 (11/11/07 vs. San Diego) Most interceptions thrown (season): 28 (1998) Highest passer rating (career): 94.9 Highest passer rating (season): 121.1 (2004) Most games with a perfect passer rating (career): 4 (includes 1 playoff game) Most consecutive games started to open a career by a quarterback: 208 (current)

Most games played, franchise history: 208

Most consecutive games started, franchise history: 208 (current) Most comeback wins in the 4th quarter (career): 35 (includes one playoff game) Most comeback wins in the 4th quarter (season): 7 (2009) Most game-winning drives in the 4th quarter/overtime (career): 46 (includes one playoff game) Most game-winning drives in the 4th quarter/overtime (season): 7 (1999, 2008, 2009)

NFL career statistics

All statistics from ''Pro Football Reference'', ''CBS Sportsline'', and ''ESPN''

Regular season

:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan=2 | Year !! rowspan=2 | Team !! rowspan=2 | Games !! rowspan=2 | Starts !! rowspan=2 |Wins !! colspan=7 | Passing !! colspan=4 | Rushing !! rowspan=2 | Rating |- ! Comp !! Att !! Pct !! Yds !! YPA !! TD !! Int !! Att !! Yds !! Avg !! TD |- |1998 || IND || 16 || 16 || 3 || 326 || 575 || 56.7 || 3,739 || 6.5 || 26 || 28 || 15 || 62 || 4.1 || 0 || 71.2 |- |1999 || IND || 16 || 16 || 13 || 331 || 533 || 62.1 || 4,135 || 7.8 || 26 || 15 || 35 || 73 || 2.1 || 2 || 90.7 |- |2000 || IND || 16 || 16 || 10 || 357 || 571 || 62.5 || 4,413 || 7.7 || 33 || 15 || 37 || 116 || 3.1 || 1 || 94.7 |- |2001 || IND || 16 || 16 || 6 || 343 || 547 || 62.7 || 4,131 || 7.6 || 26 || 23 || 35 || 157 || 4.5 || 4 || 84.1 |- |2002 || IND || 16 || 16 || 10 || 392 || 591 || 66.3 || 4,200 || 7.1 || 27 || 19 || 38 || 148 || 3.9 || 2 || 88.8 |- |2003 || IND || 16 || 16 || 12 || 379 || 566 || 67.0 || 4,267 || 7.5 || 29 || 10 || 28 || 26 || 0.9 || 0 || 99.0 |- |2004 || IND || 16 || 16 || 12 || 336 || 497 || 67.7 || 4,557 || 9.2 || 49 || 10 || 25 || 38 || 1.5 || 0 || 121.1 |- |2005 || IND || 16 || 16 || 14 || 305 || 453 || 67.3 || 3,747 || 8.3 || 28 || 10 || 33 || 45 || 1.4 || 0 || 104.1 |- |2006 || IND || 16 || 16 || 12 || 362 || 557 || 65.0 || 4,397 || 7.9 || 31 || 9 || 23 || 36 || 1.6 || 4 || 101.0 |- |2007 || IND || 16 || 16 || 13 || 337 || 515 || 65.4 || 4,040 || 7.8 || 31 || 14 || 20 || −5 || −0.3 || 3 || 98.0 |- |2008 || IND || 16 || 16 || 12 || 371 || 555 || 66.8 || 4,002 || 7.2 || 27 || 12 || 20 || 21 || 1.1 || 1 || 95.0 |- |2009 || IND || 16 || 16 || 14 || 393 || 571 || 68.8 || 4,500 || 7.9 || 33 || 16 || 19 || −13 || −0.7 || 0 || 99.9 |- |2010 || IND || 16 || 16 || 10 || 450 || 679 || 66.3 || 4,700 || 7.0 || 33 || 17 || 18 || 18 || 1.0 || 0 || 91.9 |- style="background:#eee;" | colspan=2 | Career || 208 || 208 || 141 || 4,682 || 7,210 || 64.9 || 54,828 || 7.6 || 399 || 198 || 346 || 722 || 2.1 || 17 || 94.9 |} : League Leader NFL Record

Post-season

:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan=2 | Year !! rowspan=2 | Team !! rowspan=2 | Games !! rowspan=2 | Wins !! colspan=7 | Passing !! colspan=4 | Rushing !! rowspan=2 | Passer Rating |- ! Comp !! Att !! Pct !! Yds !! YPA !! TD !! Int !! Att !! Yds !! Avg !! TD |- |1999 || IND || 1 || 0 || 19 || 42 || 45.2 || 227 || 5.4 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 22 || 11 || 1 || 62.3 |- |2000 || IND || 1 || 0 || 17 || 32 || 53.1 || 194 || 6.1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || −2 || −2 || 0 || 82.0 |- |2002 || IND || 1 || 0 || 14 || 31 || 45.2 || 137 || 4.4 || 0 || 2 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 31.2 |- |2003 || IND || 3 || 2 || 67 || 103 || 65.0 || 918 || 8.9 || 9 || 4 || 4 || 3 || 0.8 || 0 || 106.4 |- |2004 || IND || 2 || 1 || 54 || 75 || 72.0 || 696 || 9.3 || 4 || 2 || 2 || 7 || 3.5 || 1 || 107.4 |- |2005 || IND || 1 || 0 || 22 || 38 || 57.9 || 290 || 7.6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 90.9 |- |2006 || IND || 4 || 4 || 97 || 153 || 63.4 || 1,034 || 6.8 || 3 || 7 || 8 || 3 || 0.4 || 1 || 70.5 |- |2007 || IND || 1 || 0 || 33 || 48 || 68.7 || 402 || 8.4 || 3 || 2 || 1 || −6 || −6 || 0 || 97.7 |- |2008 || IND || 1 || 0 || 25 || 42 || 59.5 || 310 || 7.4 || 1 || 0 || 1 || −1 || −1 || 0 || 90.4 |- |2009 || IND || 3 || 2 || 87 || 128 || 68.0 || 956 || 7.5 || 6 || 2 || 3 || -2 || −0.6 || 0 || 99.0 |- |2010 || IND || 1 || 0 || 18 || 26 || 69.2 || 225 || 8.7 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0.0 || 0 || 108.7 |- style="background:#eee;" | colspan=2 | Career || 19 || 9 || 718 || 453 || 63.1 || 5,389 || 7.5 || 29 || 19 || 23 || 26 || 1.1 || 3 || 88.4 |}

Position on passing statistics leaderboards

Manning is currently on pace to break the career records in many major statistical categories for a quarterback, including most career passing touchdowns, most career completions, and most career passing yards. Manning is currently ranked in the top five in all of these categories: Touchdown Passes: 399 (3rd) Passes Completed: 4,682 (3rd) Passing Yards: 54,828 (3rd) Completion Percentage: 64.9% (4th)

(Updated January 3, 2011)

See also

List of NFL first overall draft choices

List of NFL passing completions leaders

List of NFL passing touchdowns leaders

List of NFL passing yardage leaders

List of NFL consecutive starts by a quarterback

List of NFL players with at least 200 consecutive starts

List of NFL starting quarterback wins

List of NFL starting quarterback playoff records

List of 300-yard passing games by NFL quarterbacks

List of NFL quarterbacks who have passed for 400 or more yards in a game

List of NFL quarterbacks who have posted a perfect passer rating

List of quarterbacks with multiple Super Bowl starts

List of gridiron football quarterbacks with the most passing yards

References

External links

Official Website

Indianapolis Colts bio

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Category:1976 births Category:All-American college football players Category:American Conference Pro Bowl players Category:American football quarterbacks Category:Indianapolis Colts players Category:Isidore Newman alumni Category:James E. Sullivan Award recipients Category:Living people Category:National Football League first overall draft picks Category:Parade High School All-Americans (football) Category:People from New Orleans, Louisiana Category:Players of American football from Louisiana Category:Super Bowl MVPs Category:Tennessee Volunteers football players

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