Eroticism (from the Greek ἔρως, ''eros''—"desire") is an erotic theme or quality, a state of sexual arousal, an insistent sexual impulse or desire, or a philosophical contemplation with a focus on the aesthetics of sexual desire, sensuality and romantic love: 'the very word "erotic" implies superior value, fine art, an aesthetic which elevates the mind and incidentally stimulates the body'. Unlike sensuality, which concentrates on the pleasures of the senses, eroticism is concerned with heightening those pleasures, and may involve a delay in sexual gratification to intensify the satisfaction level by extending the period of yearning desire.

Eroticism is conceived as sensual or romantic love or the human sex drive (libido) and is personified in Eros, the Greek god of love: "erotic" 'is an epithet which is applied to everything with a connection to the love of the sexes; one employs it particularly to characterize...a dissoluteness, an excess'.

History: the classical world

'It might seem at first that eroticism is a virtually tranhistorical notion, for the erotic has existed at all times and places known to us'. For Western society, however, ancient Greek philosophy's overturning of mythology defines in many ways our understanding of the heightened aesthetic sense in eroticism and the question of sexuality. Eros was after all the primordial god of unhinged sexual desire in addition to heteroeroticism, which is the yearning of sexual desire from the opposite sex. In the Platonic ordered system of ideal forms, Eros corresponds to the subject's yearning for ideal beauty and finality. It is the harmonious unification not only between bodies, but between knowledge and pleasure. Eros takes an almost transcendent manifestation when the subject seeks to go beyond itself and form a communion with the objectival other: 'the true order of going...to the things of love, is to use the beauties of earth as steps...to all fair forms, and from fair forms to fair actions, and from fair actions to fair notions, until from fair notions he arrives at the notion of absolute beauty'.

Modernist notions: Bataille

Modern conceptions of eroticism can be traced to The Enlightenment, when 'in the eighteenth century, dictionaries defined the erotic as that which concerned love...eroticism was the intrusion into the public sphere of something that was at base private'. The theme of intrusion or transgression was taken up in the twentieth century by the French philosopher Georges Bataille, who argued in an influential work of that name that eroticism performs a function of dissolving boundaries between human subjectivity and humanity, a transgression that dissolves the rational world but is always temporary. It is something disruptive and disorderly. 'Desire in eroticism is the desire that triumphs over the taboo. It presupposes man in conflict with himself'. For Bataille, 'Eroticism, unlike simple sexual activity, is a psychological quest...eroticism is assenting to life even in death'.

Bataille's (dissident) twist on 'the surrealist...emphasis on ''eros'' - on love conceived in the broadest sense as life affirmation and creativity...''erotic'' in the large sense or eros as opposed to thanatos' was to prove very influential for subsequent critical theory, with its 'revival of Bataille and the dissident surrealists among a host of French and American critics'. Thus for example 'the sinister eroticism of Georges Bataille...is in its turn not without influence on Lacan's views on female sexuality' - Lacan married Bataille's first wife, and 'indeed, reading Lacan's early seminars one often feels that they are written in continuous dialogue with Bataille'.

'For Kristeva, the importance of Bataille is his awareness of the interdependency between systems of power and the limits of the body', which the erotic experience exposes.

Erotic objectification

An objection to eros and erotic representation is that it fosters a subject/object relationship in which the object of desire is a mere projection of the needs of the desiring subject, so that women 'were still more often the object of the artist's or writer's gaze than they were the subjects of their own representing processes'. Love as eros is considered more base than philia (friendship) or agape (self-sacrificing love). But female complicity in the male gaze cannot be ignored - 'some profound, masochistic will to self-objectification (evident, at a superficial level, in a woman's desire to make herself into a sex object)...doll-like affectations, narcissistic displays of isolated parts of the body, and the faked orgasm are just so many modalities of this essentially artificial sexuality'. Erotic engagement paradoxically individuates and de-individuates the desirer; and 'eroticism itself remains ambiguous: it is at once the domain of women's mastery by men and...the domain of women's mastery over men'.

The third kind of love, physio, is directly related with the amount of sex drive that the brain feels upon encountering an erotic moment.

Problems of definition

Some believe defining eroticism may be difficult since perceptions of what is erotic fluctuate. For example, a voluptuous nude painting by Peter Paul Rubens could have been considered erotic when it was created for a private patron in the 17th century. Similarly in the United Kingdom and United States, and many other nations, D. H. Lawrence's sexually explicit novel ''Lady Chatterley's Lover'' was considered obscene and unfit for publication and circulation thirty years after it was completed in 1928, but may now be part of standard literary school texts in some areas. In a different context, a sculpture of a phallus in Africa may be considered a traditional symbol of potency though not overtly erotic. Such examples 'demonstrate the difficulty of drawing...a clear generic demarcation between the erotic and the pornographic': indeed arguably 'the history of the separation of pornography from eroticism...remains to be written'.

Literary examples

Shakespeare's sonnets have been seen by some as incorporating the 'invention of an erotic religion...an aesthetic Platonism'—as being 'much more like an erotic liturgy than a series of erotic confidences'. Perhaps not inappropriately, 'the fruit of erotic experience here is greater self-knowledge': in Shakespeare as writer, 'it provokes a bitterly shaming acknowledgement of one's own least acceptable sexual proclivities'.

It has been suggested that Simenon used 'eroticism...as a desperate attempt to connect with life and the very sources of existence'.

See also

References

Category:Human sexuality Category:Concepts in aesthetics

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Coordinates	51°56′″N20°50′″N
name	Stefania Sandrelli
birth date	June 05, 1946
birth place	Viareggio, Tuscany. Italy
yearsactive	1961–2009
domesticpartner	Giovanni Soldati (1983-?)Gino Paoli child Amanda Sandrelli
spouse	Nicky Pende (?-?) (divorced) child Vito
website	}}

Stefania Sandrelli (born 5 June 1946 in Viareggio, Province of Lucca) is an Italian actress, famous for her many roles in the commedia all'Italiana, starting from 1960s. She was 15 years old when she starred in ''Divorce, Italian Style'', as Marcello Mastroianni's cousin, Angela.

She was born in Viareggio, Tuscany. She had a long relationship with Italian singer-songwriter Gino Paoli. Their daughter Amanda Sandrelli, born in 1964, is also an actress.

Selected filmography

''The Fascist'' (1961) her first role

''Gioventù di notte (1961)

''Divorce, Italian Style'' (1961)

''Il Fornaretto di Venezia'' (1963)

''Seduced and Abandoned'' (1964)

''Io la conoscevo bene'' (1965)

''L'immorale'' (1967)

''Partner'' (1968)

''Brancaleone alle Crociate'' (1970)

''The Conformist'' (1970)

''Somewhere Beyond Love'' (1974)

''C'eravamo tanto amati'' (1974)

''1900'' (1976)

''Death Rite'' (1976)

''Traffic Jam'' (1979)

''La terrazza'' (1980)

''Eccezzziunale... veramente'' (1982)

''Vacanze di Natale'' (1983)

''La chiave'' (1983)

''La famiglia'' (1987)

''Il piccolo diavolo'' (1989)

''Jamón, jamón'' (1992)

''Of Love and Shadows'' (1994)

''Stealing Beauty'' (1996)

''La cena'' (1998)

''L'ultimo bacio'' (2001)

''A Talking Picture'' (2003)

''Gente di Roma'' (2003)

''La prima cosa bella'' (2010)

''La passione'' (2010)

External links

Category:1946 births Category:Living people Category:People from Viareggio Category:Italian actors

ar:ستيفانيا ساندريلي bg:Стефания Сандрели ca:Stefania Sandrelli de:Stefania Sandrelli es:Stefania Sandrelli fr:Stefania Sandrelli it:Stefania Sandrelli hu:Stefania Sandrelli ja:ステファニア・サンドレッリ pl:Stefania Sandrelli pt:Stefania Sandrelli ro:Stefania Sandrelli ru:Сандрелли, Стефания uk:Стефанія Сандреллі

Coordinates	51°56′″N20°50′″N
name	Bryan Beller
alt	A man plays bass guitar
background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
birth date	May 06, 1971
instrument	Bass guitar
associated acts	Mike Keneally, Steve Vai, Dethklok, James LaBrie
website	}}

Bryan Beller (born 1971) is an American bass guitarist, known for his work with Mike Keneally, Steve Vai, Dethklok, James LaBrie of Dream Theater and Dweezil Zappa. He is also a Contributing Editor for ''Bass Player'' magazine.

In 2003, Beller released his debut CD, ''View'', which was self-financed product and released on his own label, ''Onion Boy Records''. ''View'' ranges from jazz/rock to vocal pop to thrash to acoustic solo to world beat. ''Bass Player'' magazine’s Editor Bill Leigh wrote of ''View''’s “sublime moments of melancholia, beauty, and joy.”

Beller was an ''extremely'' early blogger, documenting his personal and professional experiences on being a Professional Musician and "Bassist For Hire" in Los Angeles on his blog, "The Life of Bryan". from 1995 until 2005. More recently he has been writing on the state of both his personal & profession lives via his "screed du jour" directly on his then-new website (archived from 2002 to 2009 and from 2009 until the present in an overarching "Current Musical Information" from his BellerBytes e-newsletter and concerning his more personal side via his Official Twitter Feed.

References

External links

Category:1971 births Category:Living people Category:American bass guitarists Category:Berklee College of Music alumni

Coordinates	51°56′″N20°50′″N
name	Marco Minnemann
background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
born	December 24, 1970Hanover, Germany
instrument	Drums, guitar, bass, keyboards, vocals, organ, percussion
genre	Jazz, rock, heavy metal, instrumental, electronica, experimental
occupation	Musician, composer, engineer, producer
website	marcominnemann.com
notable instruments	}}

Marco Minnemann (born December 24, 1970) is a German-born drummer, composer and multi-instrumentalist. He lives in Lake Elsinore, California.

Biography

He has many solo CDs on which he plays most of the instruments and sings, and he's constantly working as a composer and session recording artist.

His work as an educational book author along with Rick Gratton brought out 3 books including the award winning and in many magazines as #1 voted "Extreme Independence". Also one of his DVDs "Extreme Drumming" won polls and achieved Marco a Telly Award.

He has worked with guitarist Paul Gilbert on his solo album called "Space Ship One" and was also involved in the development of the "Space Ship One Live" DVD (both released in 2005).

He did a trio tour with Terry Bozzio and Chad Wackerman and on numerous clinic tours around the world. His educational book “Maximum Minnemann” was released in August 2006. His DVD "The Marco Show" with featured Artists Mike Keneally, Bryan Beller and the Buddy Rich Big Band, was released in 2007.

His instructional DVD ''Extreme Drumming'' was published in 2003 by Warner Brothers. In October 2007, he was announced as a member of new band UKZ with Eddie Jobson (ex-Zappa), Trey Gunn (ex-King Crimson) and Alex Machacek (virtuoso guitar player). Marco toured with death metalists Necrophagist on the Summer Slaughter tour 2007 which is featured on their live DVD released in 2008.

He's part of the Progressive Rock power trio "KMB" (Keneally/Minnemann/Beller), which performs music from all three member's solo albums as well as original material and improvised "jams". Minnemann has performed several times as the drummer in "The Mike Keneally Band" along with KMB-mates Mike Keneally & Bryan Beller as well as recording drums for the song ''"Love Terror Adrenaline/Break Through"'' on Beller's sophomore solo release "Thanks In Advance". He recently recorded for Italian band Ephel Duath and is featured in their newest album, titled ''Through My Dog's Eyes''.

He was on a world tour with thrash metal band Kreator in 2009.

Minnemann performed three concerts in Poland in November 2009 as part of Eddie Jobson's Ultimate Zero (UZ) project. The line-up also featured John Wetton, Greg Howe (guitar) and Tony Levin (stick). They performed music from UK and King Crimson. It was the first time in 30 years Eddie Jobson and John Wetton played together after UK disbanded.

Marco was on Tour with Adrian Belew Power Trio in 2010.

Marco auditioned to be Dream Theater's new drummer in 2010. The band was highly impressed with his audition and the decision ultimately came down to him and Mike Mangini. Though Mangini ended up getting the spot, Minnemann wishes to continue his musical relationship with the members of Dream Theater, after having played live shows with Jordan Rudess in 2010.

Marco's new DVD will be out in October 2011 and features band collaborations, drum solos and duets with Simon Phillips, Johnny Rabb and Alex Gonzalez and more.

His new trio "The Aristocrats" together with Guthrie Govan and Bryan Beller will be released in summer 2011 followed by an extensive tour.

Books

''Ultimate Play Along Drum Trax.''

''Extreme Interdependence: Drumming Beyond Independence'' (With Audio CD) - Nov 2001

''Maximum Minnemann'' 2006

DVDs

''Marco Minnemann: Live in L.A.'' - October 2007 http://www.amazon.com/Live-L-DVD-Marco-Minnemann/dp/B000GTLMSO

''Extreme Drumming'' 2003

''The Marco Show'' 2006

Discography

''Thickness'' Illegal Aliens-1996

''Red Alibis'' Illegal Aliens-1997

''Time''- Illegal Aliens 1998

''The Green Mindbomb''- 1998

''Comfortably Homeless''- 1999

''International Telephone'' Illegal Aliens- 2000

''Motor'' Minnemann/ Brinkmann- 2002

''Orchids''- 2002

''Normalizer'' Minnemann/ Mario Brinkmann- 2003

''Broken Orange''- 2003

''Mieze''- 2004

''Disarmed'' Brinkmann, Minnemann, Trentini- 2005

''Swine Songs-best of''- 2006

''Contraire de la chanson''- 2006

''Housewifedogandtwokids''- 2007

''A mouth of God''-2008

''Catspoon''-2009

''Normalizer 2''- 2010

"The Shining"- Minnemann, Brinkmann-2010

Selected recordings with other artists

FFW "Senseless Wonder"- 1992

FFW "Mao Mak Maa"- 1993

FFW "Culture Shock"- 1995

FFW "Hula"-1997

H-Blockx "Fly Eyes"- 1996

H-Blockx "Bang Boom Bang"- 1998

Keilerkopf-1998

Wolfgang Schmid "Special Kick"- 2001

Wolgang Schmid " A swift Kick"- 2003

Silver -2000

Silver "Dream Machines"- 2003

Gary Barden- 2004

Das Ueberschall-Kleutgen, Sistos, Minnemann live at the Baked Potato 2003

Nena "feat. Nena"- 2003

Paddy Kelly "In exile" (producer, arranger and multi instrumentalist)-2004

Phi Yaan-Zek "Solar Flare"- 2005

Paul Gilbert "Burning Organ"- 2001

Paul Gilbert "Space Ship One"- 2005

Paul Gilbert "Space Ship Live"- DVD- 2005

Marco Ferrigno "Hanging Gardens"-2006

Mario Brinkmann "Engineer"- 2007

Illogicist-"The insight eye" 2007

26-2008

Necrophagist-Summer Slaughter DVD 2008

Shiloh-Sheray- "the way we are"-2009

Ephel Duath (band)-Through My Dog's Eyes 2009

George Bellas -Planetary Alignment-2008

George Bellas -Step into the Future-2009

George Bellas -The Dawn of Time-2010

Adam Nitti-2009

Mike Keneally "Scambot". release for 2009

Bryan Beller "Thanks in advance" 2008

Jason Sadites "WEVE" 2009

Matte Henderson w David Torn and Tony Levin release for 2009

Necrophagist-"Summer Slaughter 2007" live in Toronto DVD

UKZ- "Radiation" EP Eddie Jobson, Trey Gunn, Alex Machacek, Aaron Lippert, Marco Minnemann 2009

Theodore Ziras "Territory 4", 2009

Dr. Zoltan Øbelisk - Why I Am So Wise, Why I Am So Clever, And Why I Write Such Good Songs (2009)

Alex Machacek - 24 Tales (2010)

Trey Gunn/Marco Minneman - "Modulator" (2010)

Jason Sadites/Marco Minnemann - "Behind The Laughter" (2010)

Mike Keneally "Evidence of Humanity" (2010)

Eddie Jobson's UZ Live 2 CD set (2011)

Tony MacAlpine (2011)

Musical Mind Meld (w Jordan Rudess and Daniel Jakubovic)

Bryan Beller, Marco Minnemann, Guthrie Govan (release for 2011)

Awards

''The Telly Award'' in 2004

Gear

Drums: Drum Workshop

Cymbals: Avedis Zildjian

Microphones: Audix

Drumsticks: Pro-Mark

Drumheads: Evans

References

External links

Category:1970 births Category:People from Hanover Category:Living people Category:German composers Category:Hardcore musicians Category:German rock drummers Category:Jazz drummers

de:Marco Minnemann es:Marco Minnemann it:Marco Minnemann pl:Marco Minnemann

Coordinates	51°56′″N20°50′″N
name	Guthrie Govan
landscape	Yes
background	solo_singer
birth name	Guthrie Govan
born	December 27, 1971Chelmsford, Essex
instrument	Guitar
genre	Jazz fusion, rock, blues, progressive rock, funk, country, bluegrass
years active	1991–present
label	Cornford Records
associated acts	Erotic Cakes, Young Punx, The Fellowship, GPS, Asia, Dizzee Rascal, Docker's Guild, The Aristocrats
website	Official website
notable instruments	SuhrStandardsClassicClassic T }}

Guthrie Govan (born 27 December 1971 in Chelmsford, Essex, England) is a guitarist known for his work with the bands Asia (2001–2006), GPS, The Young Punx and The Fellowship as well as Erotic Cakes (a vehicle for his own music). He is a noted guitar teacher through his work with the UK magazine ''Guitar Techniques'', Guildford’s Academy of Contemporary Music and currently the Brighton Institute of Modern Music. He is also a former winner of ''Guitarist'' magazine's "Guitarist of the Year" competition.

Biography and early playing career

Govan began playing guitar aged three, encouraged by his father but initially learning mainly by ear. At the age of nine he and his brother Seth Govan played guitar on a Thames Television programme called Ace Reports. At secondary school he was exposed, via older classmates, to "shred" guitarists of the time.

After leaving school, Govan read English at the University of Oxford, though he left after a year to pursue a career in music. Around this time (by Govan’s own estimation, 1991) he sent demos of his work to Mike Varney of Shrapnel Records. Varney was impressed and offered him a record deal; ultimately however, Govan declined. Regarding his reasons he has explained: "it was as though all I really wanted to know was that I was good enough […] I found I was getting a bit wary of the shred movement."

In 1993 he won ''Guitarist'' magazine’s "Guitarist of the Year" competition with his instrumental piece Wonderful Slippery Thing (a version of which would eventually appear on his debut solo album); the demo of the track earned him a place amongst several other entrants in the live final, which he then won. Subsequently, he submitted a sample transcription (of a Shawn Lane piece) to ''Guitar Techniques'' magazine; this earned him a job as a contributor to the magazine, ending a spell working in fast food.

Guitar tuition

Govan has since worked with ''Guitar Techniques'', including an article providing a transcription of his track Wonderful Slippery Thing. Since the late 1990s, Govan has taught at the Guitar Institute in Acton, Thames Valley University, and the Academy of Contemporary Music; he currently teaches at Brighton Institute of Modern Music. In this context, he is known for his ability to teach a wide range of styles. Govan has published two books on guitar playing: ''Creative Guitar Volume 1: Cutting Edge Techniques'' and ''Creative Guitar Volume 2: Advanced Techniques.''

Playing career in the 2000s

Asia, GPS and The Young Punx

Govan began his involvement with Asia playing on the album ''Aura''. With his work on the album complete, Govan was added to the Asia line-up for the tour to support the new album. Bad Asteroid, an instrumental in the live shows, was a Govan original composition; it dates back to his early 1990s demo. He went on to play on the band’s 2004 album ''Silent Nation''.

In 2006, Asia keyboardist Geoff Downes left to reform an earlier Asia line-up; Govan and the other two band members, John Payne and Jay Schellen, formed GPS (named after the members' initials). After the addition of Ryo Okumoto on keyboards the band released the album ''Window to the Soul'' (2006).

Govan performs on a number of tracks on ''Your Music Is Killing Me'', the debut album of UK electronic dance music act The Young Punx and is part of their live act. He also appears in the music video for their track Rockall.

Govan had been a member of Asia featuring John Payne with Payne, Schellen, and Erik Norlander from 2007 until mid-2009 when he was replaced by Mitch Perry.

Govan has played live acoustic guitar for Dizzee Rascal, including a performance on Later With Jools Holland.

Docker's Guild

In December 2010, Govan performed on all tracks on Docker's Guild album ''The Mystic Technocracy - Season 1: The Age of Ignorance'', due for release in 2011. The project also features some other Asia artists, notably John Payne on vocals and Simon Hanhart, who mixed the album. Other special guests include Gregg Bissonette (drums), Tony Franklin (bass), Jeff Watson (guitars), Douglas R. Docker (keyboards), Goran Edman, Tony Mills and Amanda Somerville (vocals).

Erotic Cakes and The Fellowship

Govan’s debut solo album, ''Erotic Cakes'', was released through Cornford Records in August 2006. In the album's sleeve notes, Govan states the album is named after an episode of The Simpsons; he also explains that when playing live, the band is billed as Erotic Cakes rather than simply Guthrie Govan. In addition to bass by Govan’s brother Seth and drumming by Pete Riley, the album features guitar solos by Richie Kotzen (whose Los Angeles studio was used to record the guitar tracks on the album) on Ner Ner and Bumblefoot on Rhode Island Shred respectively. Seth Govan and Pete Riley also complete the Erotic Cakes live band. Previous versions of Waves and Rhode Island Shred appeared on the compilation ''Guitar on the Edge, Vol 1. no.4'' (Legato Records, 1993). A version of his Guitarist of the Year winning piece, Wonderful Slippery Thing appears on the album. While this is his first album, Govan had been collaborating with drummer Pete Riley on the music since the mid-1990s.

The Erotic Cakes band line up, with the addition of saxophonist Zak Barrett, also forms jazz-fusion band The Fellowship. The band plays at the Bassment club in Chelmsford, Essex, every Thursday night and has done so for several years.

Influences and technique

Govan’s earliest influences were Jimi Hendrix and Cream-era Eric Clapton; as such he describes himself as coming from a "blues rock background". While he is "wary" of 1980s technique driven guitar music ("shred") he cites the imagination of Steve Vai (as well as Frank Zappa, with whom Vai played) and the passion of Yngwie Malmsteen as influences. Jazz and fusion elements are an important part of his style: he cites Joe Pass as a pivotal influence in this respect.

Govan is known for his virtuoso command of the electric guitar, due to both his technical ability and proficiency in various styles. Govan’s MySpace profile lists quotes from various guitarists to this effect; elsewhere, fellow virtuosos Joe Satriani and Paul Gilbert have praised Govan's playing.

His vertical vibrato and legato shredding is influenced by Greg Howe.

Equipment

Govan mainly uses various Suhr guitars: three different Guthrie Govan Signature Model guitars, three custom Standards, a Modern 24-fret model, a Classic and Classic T. Govan also favours Cornford amps: the sleeve notes of ''Erotic Cakes'' state he has used an RK100, MK50 and Hellcat.

References

External links

Official Guthrie Govan Web Site

Cornford Records on Myspace Samples of the debut album

A YouTube clip of Govan improvising Sample of his fusion-jazz style

Another YouTube clip of Govan improvising Bluesy style showcasing Govan's string overbends to create melody

Category:Living people Category:1971 births Category:Asia (band) members Category:English rock guitarists Category:Academics of the University of West London Category:Music from Essex

es:Guthrie Govan fr:Guthrie Govan it:Guthrie Govan pt:Guthrie Govan tr:Guthrie Govan