Native name	دار فور
Conventional long name	Darfur
Common name	Darfur
Capital	North Darfur: Al-FashirSouth Darfur: NyalaWest Darfur: Geneina
Official languages	Arabic and English
Demonym	Darfuri
Leader title2	Governor of North Darfur
Leader name2	Osman Mohamed Yousif Kibir
Leader title3	Governor of South Darfur
Leader name3	Abdel Hamid Musa Kasha
Leader title4	Governor of West Darfur
Leader name4	Shartai Jaafar Abdel Hakam
Area km2	493180
Population estimate	6,000,000 (pre-conflict)
Population estimate rank	2004
Footnote2	}}

Darfur ( ''dār fūr'', lit. "realm of the Fur") is a region in western Sudan. An independent sultanate for several hundred years, it was incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916. The region is divided into three federal states: West Darfur, South Darfur, and North Darfur. Because of the war in Darfur waged by the Sudanese government against the non-Arab indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency since 2003.

Geography

Darfur covers an area of some —approximately the size of Spain. It is largely an arid plateau with the Marrah Mountains (Jebel Marra), a range of volcanic peaks rising up to of topographic prominence, in the center of the region. The region's main towns are Al Fashir, Nyala, and Geneina.

There are four main features of the physical geography. The whole eastern half of Darfur is covered with plains and low hills of sandy soils, known as ''goz'', and sandstone hills. In many places the ''goz'' is waterless and can only be inhabited where there are water reservoirs or deep boreholes. While dry, ''goz'' may also support rich pasture and arable land. To the north the ''goz'' is overtaken by the desert sands of the Sahara. A second feature are the ''wadis'', which range from seasonal watercourses that flood only occasionally during the wet season to large ''wadis'' that flood for most of the rains and flow from western Darfur hundreds of miles west to Lake Chad. Many ''wadis'' have pans of alluvium with rich soil that are also difficult to cultivate. Western Darfur is dominated by the third feature, basement rock, sometimes covered with a thin layer of sandy soil. Basement rock is too infertile to be farmed, but provides sporadic forest cover that can be grazed by animals. The fourth and final feature are the Marrah Mountains, volcanic plugs created by a massif, that rise up to a peak at Deriba crater where there is a small area of temperate climate, high rainfall and permanent springs of water.

Remote sensing has detected the imprint of a vast underground lake under Darfur. The potential water deposits are estimated at . The lake, during epochs when the region was more humid, would have contained about 2500km³ (607 cubic miles) of water. It may have dried up thousands of years ago.

History

Darfur is conjectured to have been part of the Proto-Afro-Asiatic Urheimat in distant prehistoric times (c. 10,000 BC), though there are numerous other theories that exclude Darfur.

Most of the region is a semi-arid plain and thus insufficient for supporting a large and complex civilization. While the Marrah Mountains offer plentiful water, the Daju people created the first known Darfurian civilization based in the mountains, though they left no records beside a list of kings. The Tunjur displaced the Daju in the fourteenth century and introduced Islam. The Tunjur sultans intermarried with the Fur and sultan Musa Sulayman (reigned c.1596 to c.1637) is considered the founder of the Keira dynasty. Darfur became a great power of the Sahel under the Keira dynasty, expanding its borders as far east as the Atbarah River and attracting immigrants from Bornu and Bagirmi. During the mid-18th century the country was wracked by conflict between rival factions, and external war with Sennar and Wadai. In 1875, the weakened kingdom was destroyed by the Egyptian ruler set up in Khartoum, largely through the machinations of Sebehr Rahma, a slave-trader, who was competing with the dar over access to ivory in Bahr el Ghazal to the south of Darfur.

The Darfuris were restive under Egyptian rule, but were no more predisposed to accept the rule of the self-proclaimed Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad, when in 1882 his Emir of Darfur, who was from the Southern Darfur Arab Rizeigat tribe led by Sheikh Madibbo, defeated the British forces led by Slatin Pasha (that had just invaded Egypt earlier that year) in Darfur. When Ahmad's successor, Abdallahi ibn Muhammad, himself an Arab of Southern Darfur from Ta’isha tribe, demanded that the pastoralist tribes provide soldiers, several tribes rose up in revolt. Following the overthrow of Abdallahi at Omdurman in 1899 by the Anglo-Egyptian forces, the new Anglo-Egyptian government recognized Ali Dinar as the sultan of Darfur and largely left the dar to its own affairs except for a nominal annual tribute. During World War I, the British, being concerned that the sultanate might fall under the influence of Ottoman Empire, invaded and incorporated Darfur into the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1916. Under colonial rule, financial and administrative resources were directed to the tribes of central Sudan near Khartoum to the detriment of the outlying regions such as Darfur.

Conflict

This pattern of skewed development continued following national independence in 1956. To this was added an element of political instability caused by the proxy wars between Sudan, Libya and Chad. The influence of an ideology of Arab supremacy propagated by Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi that began to be acted upon by Darfurians, including those identified as "Arab" and "African". A famine in the mid-1980s disrupted many societal structures and led to the first significant fighting amongst Darfuris. A low level conflict continued for the next 15 years, with the government co-opting and arming Arab Janjaweed militias against its enemies. The fighting reached a peak in 2003 with the beginning of the Darfur conflict, in which the resistance coalesced into a roughly cohesive rebel movement. The conflict soon came to be regarded as one of the worst humanitarian disasters in the world. The insurgency and counter-insurgency has led to 480,000 deaths, though the numbers are disputed by the Khartoum government. Over 2.8 million people have been displaced since the beginning of the conflict. Many of these refugees have gone into camps where emergency aid has created conditions that, although extremely basic, are better than in the villages, which offer no protection against the various militias that operate in the region.

Peace process

Darfur Peace Agreement

A Darfur Peace Agreement between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan Liberation Movement of Minni Minnawi was signed in 2006. The agreement was only signed by one rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Movement, and rejected by the Justice and Equality Movement resulting in continuation of the conflict. The agreement includes provisions for wealth sharing, power sharing and established a Transitional Darfur Regional Authority to help administer Darfur until a referendum could be held on the future of the region. The leader of the Sudan Liberation Movement, Minni Minnawi was appointed Senior Assistant to the President of Sudan and Chairman of the transitional authority in 2007.

In December 2010 the Sudan Liberation Movement withdrew from the peace agreement and the regional authority. Its leader Minni Minnawi fled to Southern Sudan and has since been dismissed as Senior Assistant to the President of Sudan and as Chairman of the Transitional Darfur Regional Authority. The new Chairman Shartai Jaafar Abdel Hakam subsequently dismissed 10 other members of the Sudan Liberation Movement from the authority.

Doha peace forum

In December 2010, representatives of the Liberation and Justice Movement, an umbrella organisation of ten rebel groups formed in February 2010 , started a fresh round of talks with the Sudanese Government in Doha, Qatar. A new rebel group, the Sudanese Alliance Resistance Forces in Darfur, has also been formed and the Justice and Equality Movement is planning further talks. The talks ended on December 19 without a new peace agreement but basic principles were agreed, these included a regional authority and a referendum on autonomy for Darfur. A Darfuri Vice-President was also discussed.

In January 2011, the leader of the Liberation and Justice Movement, Dr Tijani Sese, stated that the movement had accepted the core proposals of the Darfur peace document proposed by the joint-mediators in Doha. The proposals include a $300,000,000 compensation package for victims of atrocities in Darfur and special courts to conduct trials of persons accused of human rights violations. Proposals for a new Darfur Regional Authority were also included, this authority would have an executive council of 18 ministers and would remain in place for five years. The current three Darfur states and state governments would also continue to exist during this period. In February 2011, the Sudanese Government rejected the idea of a single region headed by a vice-president from the region.

On 29 January 2011, the leaders of the Liberation and Justice Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement issued a joint statement stating their commitment to the Doha negotiations and agreed to attend the Doha forum on 5 February 2011. The Sudanese government has not yet agreed to attend the forum on that date and instead favours an internal peace process without involvement of rebel groups. Later in February 2011, the Sudanese Government agreed to return to the Doha peace forum with a view to complete a new peace agreement by the end of that month. On 25 February 2011, both the Liberation and Justice Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement announced that they have now rejected the peace document proposed by the mediators in Doha. The main sticking points were the issue of a darfuri vice-president and compensation for victims. The Sudanese government has not commented on the peace document.

In June 2011, a new Darfur Peace Agreement (2011) was proposed by the Joint Mediators at the Doha Peace Forum. This agreement will supersede the Abuja Agreement of 2005 and if signed, preparations for a Darfur status referendum will be stopped. The proposed document included provisions for a Darfuri Vice-President and an administrative structure that includes both three states and a strategic regional authority, the Darfur Regional Authority, to oversee Darfur as a whole. The new agreement was signed by the Government of Sudan and the Liberation and Justice Movement on 14 July 2011. The Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement did not sign the new document but have three months in which to do so if they wish.

Government

The region is divided into three federal states: West Darfur, South Darfur, and North Darfur. The Darfur Peace Agreement established a Transitional Darfur Regional Authority as an interim authority for the region. The agreement states that a referendum on the status of Darfur should be held no later than 2011. Minni Minnawi was the first Chairperson of the Transitional Darfur Regional Authority, holding that office from April 2007 until December 2010 when he was succeeded by Shartai Jaafar Abdel Hakam. A new peace agreement signed in 2011 will see the Transitional Darfur Regional Authority being replaced by a Darfur Regional Authority with executive and legislative functions.

In March 2011, it was proposed that two more states could be established in the Darfur region: ''Central Darfur'' around Zalingei and ''Eastern Darfur'' around Ed Daein. The presidential decree making this official has not yet been released.

Bibliography

Arkell, A. J., "A History of Darfur. Part II: The Tunjur etc.", ''Sudan Notes and Records'', 32, 2 (1951), 207-238.

Daly, M.W., ''Darfur's Sorrow: A History of Destruction and Genocide'', Cambridge 2010.

Elliesie, Hatem, "Sudan under the Constraints of (International) Human Rights Law and Humanitarian Law: The Case of Darfur", in Hatem Elliesie (ed.), ''Islam and Human Rights / al-islam wa-huquq al-insan'', Frankfurt, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Vienna 2010, pp. 193-217 ISBN 978-3-631-57848-3

Elliesie, Hatem et al., "Different Approaches to Genocide Trials under National Jurisdiction on the African Continent: The Rwandan, Ethiopian and Sudanese Cases", in ''Recht in Afrika'', Cologne 2009, 12/1, pp. 21-67. ISBN 978-3-89645-804-9

Nachtigal, G. transl. H. Fisher, ''Sahara and Sudan'', vol. IV (vol. III, 1889), London 1971.

O'Fahey, R. S., ''The Darfur Sultanate: A History'', London 2008.

References

See also

War in Darfur

2010 Sahel famine

Ahmed Abdulshafi Bassey

External links

The gap between narratives and practices. Darfur: Responses from the arab world (by FRIDE)

Eyes on Darfur (by Amnesty International)

Radio Dabanga (with daily news about Darfur)

(by UN),

(by MSF),

(by SLD, Sauver Le Darfour)

* Category:History of Islam Category:Regions of Sudan Category:Former countries in Africa

af:Darfoer ar:دارفور bn:দারফুর zh-min-nan:Darfur be:Дарфур bs:Darfur bg:Дарфур ca:Darfur cs:Dárfúr da:Darfur de:Darfur et:Dārfūr el:Νταρφούρ es:Darfur eo:Darfuro eu:Darfur fa:دارفور fr:Darfour ga:Darfur gl:Darfur - دار فور ko:다르푸르 hr:Darfur id:Darfur it:Darfur he:דארפור sw:Darfur ku:Darfûr lv:Dārfūra lt:Darfūras hu:Dárfúr mk:Дарфур arz:دارفور mzn:دارفور ms:Darfur nl:Darfur (regio) ja:ダルフール no:Darfur nn:Darfur oc:Darfor pnb:دارفر pl:Darfur pt:Darfur ro:Darfur ru:Дарфур (регион) scn:Darfur simple:Darfur sl:Darfur ckb:دارفوور sr:Дарфур fi:Darfur sv:Darfur tl:Darfur tr:Darfur uk:Дарфур ur:دارفور vec:Darfur vi:Darfur war:Darfur yi:דארפור zh:達爾富爾

birth date	February 09, 1945
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
birth name	Maria de Lourdes Villiers Farrow
occupation	Actress, singer
years active	1964–present
spouse	Frank Sinatra (m. 1966–68; divorced)André Previn (m. 1970–79; divorced)
partner	Woody Allen (1980-92)
children	13 }}

Mia Farrow (born Maria de Lourdes Villiers Farrow; February 9, 1945) is an American actress, singer, humanitarian, and fashion model.

Farrow first gained wide acclaim for her role as Allison Mackenzie in the soap opera ''Peyton Place'', and for her subsequent short-lived marriage to Frank Sinatra. An early film role, as the woman pregnant with Satan's baby in 1968's ''Rosemary's Baby'', saw her portrayal nominated for many awards.

Farrow has appeared in more than forty-five films and won numerous awards, including a Golden Globe award (and seven additional Golden Globe nominations), five BAFTA Film Award nominations, and a win for best actress at the San Sebastian International Film Festival. Farrow is also known for her extensive humanitarian work as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. She is involved in humanitarian activities in Darfur, Chad, and the Central African Republic. In 2008, ''Time'' magazine named her one of the most influential people in the world.

Early life

Farrow was born as Maria de Lourdes Villiers Farrow in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Australian film director John Farrow and Irish actress Maureen O'Sullivan. She was raised Roman Catholic. Her sisters are Prudence and actors Stephanie and Tisa. She has three brothers: Michael Damien (1939–1958), Patrick Joseph (1942–2009) and John Charles (born 1946). For the most part, she grew up in Beverly Hills in Southern California, and often traveled with her parents for films that were produced on location. She made her film debut in a 1947 short subject with her mother; the short was about famous mothers and their children modeling the latest fashions for families.

Career

Farrow screen-tested for the role of Liesl von Trapp in ''The Sound of Music'', but did not get the part. The footage has been preserved, and appears on the fortieth Anniversary Edition DVD of ''The Sound of Music''. Farrow began her acting career by appearing in supporting roles in several 1960s films. However, she achieved stardom on the popular primetime soap opera ''Peyton Place'' as naive, waif-like Allison MacKenzie, a role she later abandoned at the urging of first husband Frank Sinatra. Her first leading film role was in ''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968), which was a critical and commercial success at the time and continues to be widely regarded as a classic of the horror genre.

Farrow's performance in ''Rosemary's Baby'' garnered numerous awards, including the Golden Globe Award for New Star Of The Year - Actress, and established her as a leading actress. Film critic and author Stephen Farber described her performance as having an "electrifying impact… one of the rare instances of actor and character achieving a miraculous, almost mythical match. If Ira Levin's story shrewdly taps into every pregnant woman's fears about the stranger growing inside her, Mia Farrow gives those fears an achingly real and human force". Film critic Roger Ebert noted that "the brilliance of the film comes more from Polanski's direction, and from a series of genuinely inspired performances… The characters emerge as human beings actually doing these things. A great deal of the credit for this achievement must go to Mia Farrow, as Rosemary". Following ''Rosemary's Baby'', Farrow was to be cast as Mattie in ''True Grit'' and was keen on the role. However, prior to filming she made ''Secret Ceremony'' in England with Elizabeth Taylor and Robert Mitchum. Mitchum told her about director Henry Hathaway being rude to actresses. Farrow asked producer Hal Wallis to replace Hathaway, Wallis refused. Farrow quit the role which was given to Kim Darby. ''Secret Ceremony'' divided critics, but has gone on to develop a devoted following. Farrow's other late '60s films include ''John and Mary'', opposite Dustin Hoffman.

In the 1970s, Farrow appeared in a number of notable films, including the thriller ''See No Evil'' (1971), French director Claude Chabrol's ''Docteur Popaul'' (1972) and ''The Great Gatsby'' (1974), in which Farrow played Daisy Buchanan. She also appeared in director Robert Altman's cult classic ''A Wedding'' (1978). In 1977, she played the title role in ''The Haunting of Julia''. Farrow also appeared in a number of made for television films in the 1970s, most notably portraying the title role in a musical version of ''Peter Pan'' (1976). In 1979, Farrow appeared on Broadway opposite Anthony Perkins in the play ''Romantic Comedy'' by Bernard Slade.

In the 1980s and early '90s, Farrow's relationship with director Woody Allen resulted in numerous film collaborations. She appeared in nearly all of Allen's critically acclaimed films during this period, including leading roles in ''Broadway Danny Rose'', ''The Purple Rose of Cairo'', ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' (playing the principal title role), ''Radio Days'' and ''Alice'' (1990), again as the title character. Farrow also played Alura, mother of Kara (Helen Slater), in ''Supergirl'' (1984) and voiced the title role in the animated film ''The Last Unicorn'' (1982). She also narrated several of the animated ''Stories to Remember''.

Citing the need to devote herself to raising her young children, Farrow worked less frequently during the 1990s. Nonetheless, she appeared in leading roles in several notable films, included the Irish film ''Widows' Peak'' (1994), ''Miami Rhapsody'' (1995) and ''Reckless'' (also 1995). She also appeared in several independent features and made for television films throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s. She also wrote an autobiography, ''What Falls Away'' (New York: Doubleday, 1997).

Farrow appeared as Mrs. Baylock, the Satanic nanny, in the remake of ''The Omen'' (2006). Though the film itself received a lukewarm critical reception, Farrow's performance was widely praised, with the Associated Press declaring "thank heaven for Mia Farrow" and calling her performance "a rare instance of the new ''Omen'' improving on the old one." Filmcritic.com added "it is Farrow who steals the show", and the ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' described her performance as "a truly delicious comeback role for Rosemary herself, Mia Farrow, who is chillingly believable as a sweet-talking nanny from hell."

Farrow worked on several films released in 2007, including the romantic comedy ''The Ex'' and the first part of director Luc Besson's planned trilogy of fantasy films, ''Arthur and the Invisibles.'' In 2008, in director Michel Gondry's ''Be Kind Rewind'', she appeared opposite Jack Black, Mos Def and Danny Glover.

In 2011, Farrow worked in the film ''Dark Horse'', directed by Todd Solondz. The film will be shown at the Venice Film Festival in September 2011, as well as the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival the same month.

Activism and Africa

Farrow has been a high profile advocate for children's rights, working to raise funds and awareness for children in conflict affected regions, predominantly in Africa. She is a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador and has worked extensively to draw attention to the fight to eradicate polio, which she survived as a child. She has traveled to Darfur three times to advocate for Darfuri refuges. She traveled there, in November 2004 and June 2006, joining her son Ronan Farrow, who has also worked for UNICEF in Sudan. Farrow visited 2006 Berlin to be part of a charity auction of United Buddy Bears, which feature designs by artists representing 142 U.N. member states.

Her third trip was as part of a documentary film expedition in 2007. Farrow's photographs of Darfur appeared in ''People'' magazine in July 2006 and she authored an article on the crisis, published in the ''Chicago Tribune'' on July 25, 2006. On February 5, 2007, Farrow authored an editorial for the Los Angeles Times. On August 7, 2007, Farrow offered to "trade her freedom" for the freedom of a rebel leader, being treated in a UN hospital, but afraid to leave. She wanted to be taken captive in exchange for him being allowed to leave the country.

Since 2007, Farrow has been involved with the Dream for Darfur campaign, which has made a major effort to focus public attention on China's support for the government of Sudan, with a special focus on the 2008 Summer Olympics, that was held in Beijing. Swayed by Farrow's campaign to pressure him, on February 12, 2008 filmmaker Steven Spielberg withdrew as an artistic adviser to the 2008 Olympics broadcast. During the Olympics broadcast, Farrow televised via the internet from a Sudanese refugee camp to highlight China's involvement in the region.

Farrow has recently agreed to narrate a documentary film relating the struggle of many of the survivors of the Rwandan Genocide to forgive those who murdered family and friends. The documentary has been completed and is titled ''As We Forgive''.

Farrow has set up her own website, Mia Farrow.org, which features a guide on how to get involved with Darfur activism, along with her photographs and blog entries from Darfur, Chad, and the Central African Republic.

The International Criminal Court issued a warrant for the arrest of Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir on March 4, 2009, after which Sudan expelled 13 international aid agencies from Darfur. To raise awareness of this situation, Farrow began a water-only fast on April 27. Farrow's goal was to fast for three weeks. On May 8, after 12 days of fasting, she called a halt to the fast due to a downturn in her health.

In 2008, Farrow received three awards; the France Legion of Arts and Lettres award, the Refugees International McCall-Pierpaoli Humanitarian Award for "extraordinary service to refugees and displaced people" and the Tiannamen Square Award.

In 2009, Farrow was the recipient of the Leon Sullivan International Service award. She testified in the trial against former Liberian President Charles Taylor in August 2010.

Writings

"Are We Witnessing the Next Darfur?", by Mia Farrow and Julie Flint, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 22 June 2011

"The Birth of a New Nation in Africa", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 20 April 2011

"Protecting Civilians and Promoting Peace in Sudan", by Mia Farrow and John Prendergast, published on ''The Huffington Post'', 28 March 2011

"Educated Children are Africa's Future", by Mia Farrow, published on ''CNN'', 4 August 2010

"Obama Ignores Sudan's Genocide", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 25 May 2010

"Sudan's Sham Election Has U.S. Support", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 7 April 2010

"There's a Famine in Chad", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 16 March 2010

"Time for a U.N. Crisis Corps", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 19 January 2010

"What you can do for Haiti's children", by Mia Farrow, published on ''CNN'', 14 January 2010

"The Two Percent: Farewell and Thank you to a Hero", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Huffington Post'', 12 January 2010

"Now Sudan Is Attacking Refugee Camps", by Mia Farrow and Eric Reeves, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 6 September 2009

"why he (BUSH) should stay home", by Mia Farrow and Ronan Farrow, published in ''The LA Times'', 13 July 2008

"The Way Forward on Darfur", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 15 May 2008

"The Darfur War Crimes Test", by Mia Farrow and Eric Reeves, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 1 May 2008

"Olympic Sponsor Report card. Most flunk.", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Huffington Post'', 24 April 2008

"One Olympic Victory", by Ronan Farrow and Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 19 February 2008

"China Can Do More on Darfur", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 5 October 2007

"No Hopes For Us", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 27 July 2007

"Sudan’s Enablers", by Jody Williams and Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 23 May 2007

"The 'Genocide Olympics'", by Ronan Farrow and Mia Farrow, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'', 28 March 2007

"Get Massachusetts Money Out of Sudan", by Mia Farrow, published in ''The Boston Globe'', 27 March 2007

"You too can divest from Sudan", by Mia Farrow, published in the ''LA Times'', 5 February 2007

"Blood flows as red in Chad as in Darfur", by Mia Farrow, published in the ''Chicago Tribune'', 28 November 2006

"Darfur's need for help can be seen in refugees' eyes", by Mia Farrow, published in ''USA Today'', 9 September 2006

"World must not turn away from Darfur's desperation", by Mia Farrow, published in the ''Chicago Tribune'', 25 July 2006

Personal life

Farrow married singer Frank Sinatra on July 19, 1966, when she was 21 and he was 50. During the production of Farrow's 1968 film ''Rosemary's Baby'', after she refused Sinatra's demand that she quit the film to work on his movie ''The Detective'', he served her with divorce papers on the ''Rosemary's Baby'' set. The divorce was finalized in 1968 and was discussed in Jay J. Armes' 1976 book.

Also in 1968, Farrow traveled to India, where she spent the early part of the year at the ashram of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, studying Transcendental Meditation. Her visit received worldwide media attention due to the presence of all four Beatles, Donovan, and Mike Love, as well as her sister Prudence Farrow, who inspired John Lennon to write the song "Dear Prudence".

In 1970, Farrow married the musician André Previn. His former wife, songwriter Dory Previn, blamed Farrow for the end of her relationship with Previn and wrote a scathing song, entitled "Beware of Young Girls", about the incident. Farrow and Previn had three biological children (twins Matthew and Sascha, born February 26, 1970, and Fletcher, born March 14, 1974). In 1973 and 1976, respectively, they adopted Vietnamese infants Lark Song and Summer "Daisy" Song (born October 6, 1974), followed by the adoption of eight-year-old Soon-Yi (born October 8, 1970) from Korea around 1978. André and Mia divorced in 1979, but remained on good terms. Lark died on Christmas Day of 2008.

In 1980, Farrow began seeing film director Woody Allen. Together they adopted Moses "Misha" Farrow (born January 27, 1978, adopted 1980) and Dylan "Eliza" Farrow (born July 11, 1985, now called Malone). On December 19, 1987, Mia gave birth to Satchel O'Sullivan Farrow, now known as Ronan Seamus Farrow. During their relationship, Farrow starred in many of Allen's films, and several of their children also made appearances.

Farrow and Allen parted after Farrow discovered a sexual relationship between Allen and her adopted daughter Soon-Yi. During the subsequent custody battle involving Farrow's and Allen's three children, Farrow filed charges that Allen had molested their daughter Dylan, then seven years old. Allen has adamantly denied the charges. A doctor concluded that Dylan "either invented the story under the stress of living in a volatile and unhealthy home or that it was planted in her mind by her mother" because Dylan presented the story inconsistently. In September 1993, Connecticut State Attorney Frank Maco announced that, while he had "probable cause" to prosecute Allen on charges of sexual molestation of Dylan, he was dropping the case to spare her the trauma of appearing in court.

Farrow has been estranged from Soon-Yi since Soon-Yi's 1997 marriage to Allen. Farrow called the loss a "tragedy" in ''The Observer'' and remarked that "she's not coming back." Farrow said of Soon-Yi: "She was on the streets in Korea when she was captured and brought to the state orphanage. And in a way I can see from her perspective — a very limited perspective — that she's improved her situation. For a little orphan kid from Korea ... Perhaps she's not to be blamed." In a widely circulated quote, Soon-Yi dismissed Farrow as "no Mother Teresa". In 2008, Farrow spoke to ''Entertainment Weekly'' about Allen, suggesting that she had come to terms with what happened, saying, "In the fullness of time, it's that big."

Between 1992–1995, Farrow adopted 6 more children: Tam Farrow (born 1979); Quincy Farrow, now known as Kaeli-Sha Farrow; Frankie-Minh (born 1991); Isaiah Justus (born 1992); Thaddeus Wilk Farrow (born 1988); and, Gabriel Wilk Farrow, adopted in 1995 and named after Elliott Wilk, the judge who oversaw Farrow's 1993 legal battle with Allen. Her adopted daughter Tam Farrow died of heart failure in 2000 at the age of 19. On Christmas Day 2008, her adopted daughter Lark Previn died after a long illness. Although no official cause was released, her death was rumored to be AIDS-related.

Mia Farrow's award-winning sculptor brother Patrick Joseph Farrow (November 27, 1942–June 16, 2009), who was married to fellow artist Susan, committed suicide by shooting himself in the head in his art gallery, Farrow Gallery, in Castleton, Vermont, United States.

Farrow splits her time between a SoHo loft in New York City and an estate in Bridgewater, Connecticut.

In popular culture

In the ''Family Guy'' episode Brian Sings and Swings, Peter Griffin believes Farrow to be the mother of Frank Sinatra, Jr., and attempts to telephone her regarding Sinatra Jr's disruptive influence on Brian. Farrow later arrives at Sinatra Jr's club to admonish him for his behaviour, in a motherly fashion. Also, in a Season 5 episode, Peter references a mistakenly distorted version of Farrow's divorce from Allen, calling Soon-Yi an "Oriental guy that Woody Allen brought home from the circus."

Filmography

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes |- | 1959 | ''John Paul Jones'' | |''uncredited'' |- | 1964 | ''Guns at Batasi'' | Karen Erickson | |- | rowspan="3"| 1968 | ''Secret Ceremony'' | Cenci |Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role (also for ''Rosemary's Baby'' and ''John and Mary'') |- | ''Rosemary's Baby'' | Rosemary Woodhouse |David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actress (shared with Barbra Streisand for ''Funny Girl'')Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role (also for ''Secret Ceremony'' and ''John and Mary'')Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama |- | ''A Dandy in Aspic'' | Caroline | |- | 1969 | ''John and Mary'' | Mary |Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role (also for ''Secret Ceremony'' and ''Rosemary's Baby'')Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- | 1971 | ''See No Evil'' | Sarah | |- | 1972 | ''Follow Me!'' | Belinda |Prize San Sebastián for Best Actress |- | 1974 | ''The Great Gatsby'' | Daisy Buchanan | |- | 1977 | ''Full Circle'' | Julia Lofting | |- |rowspan="3"| 1978 | ''A Wedding'' | Elizabeth 'Buffy' Brenner | |- | ''Avalanche'' | Caroline Brace | |- | ''Death on the Nile'' | Jacqueline De Bellefort | |- | 1979 | ''Hurricane'' | Charlotte Bruckner | |- |rowspan="3"| 1982 | ''A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy'' | Ariel | |- | ''The Last Unicorn'' | Unicorn/Amalthea | voice-over |- | ''Sarah'' | Sarah | voice-over |- | 1983 | ''Zelig'' | Dr. Eudora Nesbitt Fletcher |Kansas City Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress (shared with Linda Hunt for ''The Year of Living Dangerously'') |- |rowspan="3"| 1984 | ''Broadway Danny Rose'' | Tina Vitale |Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- | ''Supergirl'' | Alura | |- | ''Terror in the Aisles'' | | archival footage |- | 1985 | ''The Purple Rose of Cairo'' | Cecilia |Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading RoleNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress |- | 1986 | ''Hannah and Her Sisters'' | Hannah |Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role |- |rowspan="2"| 1987 | ''Radio Days'' | Sally White | |- | ''September'' | Lane | |- | 1988 | ''Another Woman'' | Hope | |- |rowspan="2"| 1989 | ''New York Stories'' | Lisa | |- | ''Crimes and Misdemeanors'' | Halley Reed |Nominated—David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actress |- | 1990 | ''Alice'' | Alice Tate |National Board of Review Award for Best ActressNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- |rowspan="2"| 1992 | ''Shadows and Fog'' | Irmy | |- | ''Husbands and Wives'' | Judy Roth | |- | 1994 | ''Widows' Peak'' | Miss Katherine O'Hare/Clancy | |- |rowspan="2"| 1995 | ''Miami Rhapsody'' | Nina Marcus | |- |''Reckless'' | Rachel | |- |rowspan="2"| 1999 | ''Forget Me Never'' |Diane McGowin | (TV) Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film | |- |rowspan="2"| 1999 | ''Coming Soon'' |Judy Hodshell |- |rowspan="2"| 2002 | ''The Secret Life of Zoey'' |Marcia Carter | (TV) |- | ''Purpose'' |Anna Simmons | |- | 2004 | ''Samantha: An American Girl Holiday'' |Grandmary Edwards | (TV) |- | 2006 | ''The Omen'' | Mrs. Baylock | |- |rowspan="2"| 2007 |''Arthur and the Invisibles'' | Arthur's grandmother | |- | ''The Ex'' | Amelia Kowalski | |- |2008 | ''Be Kind Rewind'' | Miss Falewicz | |- |2009 | ''Arthur and the Vengeance of Malthazar'' | Grandmother | |- |2010 | ''Arthur and the War of Two Worlds'' | Grandmother | |- |2011 | ''Dark Horse'' |Phyllis |''post-production'' |- |}

References

External links

Informational

Official ''MiaFarrow.org'' website

Interviews and articles

Interview with Mia Farrow about Darfur on Guernica: a magazine of art and politics

"A sorry Hollywood story", commentary by Philip Cunningham on Mia Farrow and Hollywood politics"

Mia & Ronan Farrow Report from Darfur, published on the Genocide Intervention Network website

''London Observer'' interview, printed on ''The Guardian''

Farrow Interview on The Hour with George Stroumboulopoulos

Farrow Interview as part of Public Relations Society of America International Conference Overview on WebmasterRadio.FM with Brandy Shapiro-Babin

Interview with David Freudberg on public radio's Humankind describes her efforts to increase awareness about the ongoing slaughter in Darfur, her history of having adopted ten children, and her reflections on ego

Category:Actors from California Category:American film actors Category:American human rights activists Category:American humanitarians Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American people of Australian descent Category:Children's rights activists Category:American people of Irish descent Category:People from Los Angeles, California Category:Royal Shakespeare Company members Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:Transcendental Meditation practitioners Category:UNICEF people Category:People associated with The Beatles Category:New Star of the Year (Actress) Golden Globe winners

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