Image shield | Coa_Hungary_Town_Sopron.svg |
---|---|
Coordinates display | inline,title |
Coordinates region | HU |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision name | |
Timezone | CET |
Utc offset | +1 |
Timezone dst | CEST |
Utc offset dst | +2 |
Leader title | Mayor |
Leader name | Tamás Fodor (Fidesz-KDNP) |
Map caption | Location of Sopron |
Official name | Sopron |
Pushpin map | Hungary |
Pushpin label position | |
Pushpin map caption | Location of Sopron |
Subdivision type1 | County |
Subdivision name1 | Győr-Moson-Sopron |
Area total km2 | 169.06 |
Population total | 60755 |
Population as of | 2011 |
Population density km2 | 342.45 |
Postal code type | Postal code |
Postal code | 9400 |
Area code | 99 |
When the area that is today Western Hungary was a province of the Roman Empire, a city called ''Scarbantia'' stood here. Its forum was located where the main square of Sopron can be found today.
During the Migration Period Scarbantia was believed to be deserted and by the time Hungarians arrived in the area, it was in ruins. In the 9th–11th centuries Hungarians strengthened the old Roman city walls and built a castle. The town received its Hungarian name at this time from a castle steward named ''Suprun''. In 1153 it was mentioned as an important town.
In 1273 King Otakar II of Bohemia occupied the castle. Even though he took the children of Sopron's nobility with him as hostages, the city opened its gates when the armies of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary arrived. The king awarded Sopron by elevating it to the rank of free royal town.
In 1676 Sopron was destroyed by a fire. The modern-day city was born in the next few decades, when beautiful Baroque buildings were built in place of the old medieval ones. Sopron became seat of the comitatus Sopron.
Sopron suffered greatly during World War II, as the Nazis and their Hungarian allies transported to death camps and killed almost all Jewish citizens and some left-wing workers, and it was bombed several times. The Soviet Red Army captured the city on April 1, 1945. On August 19, 1989, it was the site of the Pan-European Picnic, a protest on the border between Austria and Hungary, which was used by over 600 citizens of East Germany to escape from the GDR to the West. As the first successful crossing of the border it helped pave the way for the mass flight of East German citizens that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989.
During the Socialist era the government tried to turn Sopron into an industrial city, but much of the medieval town center remains, allowing the city to remain an attractive site for tourists.
Today, Sopron's economy immensely benefits from the European Union. Having been a city close to nowhere, that is, to the Iron Curtain, Sopron now has re-established full trade relations to nearby Austria. Furthermore, after being suppressed during the Cold War, Sopron's German-speaking culture and heritage is now recognized again. As a consequence, many of the city's street-and traffic-signs are written in both Hungarian and German making it an officially bi-lingual city due to its proximity to the Austrian frontier. Visitors admire the large number of buildings in this city that reflect medieval architecture - rare in war-torn Hungary. Situated close to the Austrian border, Sopron receives many visitors from Vienna (70 km away), and from Bratislava, Slovakia (77 km away), as well as from the United States, Great Britain, The Netherlands, Japan, and Scandinavia, who visit to take advantage of the excellent low-cost dental services offered: Sopron boasts so many dental clinics—more than 300—that the city is known as the "dental capital of the world."
In 1910 Sopron had 33,932 inhabitants (51% German, 44.3% Hungarian, 4.7% other). Religions: 64.1% Roman Catholic, 27.8% Lutheran, 6.6% Jewish, 1.2% Calvinist, 0.3% other. In 2001 the city had 56,125 inhabitants (92.8 % Hungarian, 3.5% German, 3.7% other). Religions: 69% Roman Catholic, 7% Lutheran, 3% Calvinist, 8.1% Atheist, 11.9% no answer, 1% other.
The architecture of the old section of town reflects its long history; walls and foundations from the Roman Empire are still common, together with a wealth of Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque structures, often artistically decorated, showing centuries of stability and prosperity.
There is an old synagogue and other remains from the town's former Jewish community, which was expelled in the 16th century.
On Daloshegy, there is a 165 metres tall FM-/TV-broadcasting tower, which looks like a rocket and has therefore the nickname "Rakéta" (Hungarian for rocket).
{| |valign="top"| Bad Wimpfen, Germany Bolzano, Italy Eisenstadt, Austria Wiener Neustadt, Austria Veliko Turnovo, Bulgaria Eilat, Israel |valign="top"| Kempten im Allgäu, Germany Mediaş, Romania Rorschach, Switzerland Seinäjoki, Finland Kazuno, Japan Sparta, Greece |}
* Category:Populated places in Győr-Moson-Sopron county Category:Siebengemeinden Category:Wine regions of Hungary Category:Hungary–Austria border crossings
br:Šopron bg:Шопрон ca:Sopron cs:Sopron da:Sopron de:Sopron et:Sopron el:Σόπρον es:Sopron eo:Sopron fa:شپرن fr:Sopron gl:Sopron ko:쇼프론 hi:सोपरोन hr:Šopron id:Sopron it:Sopron he:שופרון lt:Šopronas lmo:Sopron hu:Sopron mk:Шопрон nl:Sopron (stad) ja:ショプロン no:Sopron nn:Sopron pnb:سوپرون pl:Sopron pt:Sopron ro:Sopron qu:Sopron ru:Шопрон sco:Sopron simple:Sopron sk:Šopron sl:Šopron, Madžarska sr:Шопрон fi:Sopron sv:Sopron uk:Шопрон vi:Sopron vo:Sopron yi:שאפראן zh:索普朗This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Category:1975 births Category:Living people Category:American bass guitarists Category:People from Washington County, Rhode Island Category:Whitesnake members
it:Uriah Duffy fi:Uriah DuffyThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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