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Archibald Bower
http://wn.com/Archibald_Bower -
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
http://wn.com/Argentina -
Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia -
Belarus
Belarus, ( ; , ), officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno (Hrodna), Gomel (Homiel), Mogilev (Mahilyow) and Vitebsk (Viciebsk). Forty percent of its is forested, and its strongest economic sectors are agriculture and manufacturing.
http://wn.com/Belarus -
Belize
Belize () (formerly British Honduras), is a democratic constitutional monarchy, and the northernmost Central American nation. Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages. Although Kriol and Spanish are spoken among the population, Belize is the only country in Central America where English is the official language. Belize is bordered by Mexico to its north, by Guatemala to its south and west, and by the Caribbean Sea to the east.
http://wn.com/Belize -
Canada
Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
http://wn.com/Canada -
Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
http://wn.com/Chicago -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
http://wn.com/England -
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
http://wn.com/Germany -
Great Britain
Great Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populated island on Earth. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.
http://wn.com/Great_Britain -
Great Fire of London
:This article is about the 1666 fire of London. For other "Great Fires", see List of historic fires; for other notable fires in London, see Early fires of London and Second Great Fire of London.
http://wn.com/Great_Fire_of_London -
John Humphrey Noyes
John Humphrey Noyes (September 3, 1811 – April 13, 1886) was an American utopian socialist. He founded the Oneida Community in 1848. He coined the term "free love".
http://wn.com/John_Humphrey_Noyes -
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky () is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts). Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 it became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th largest state in terms of total area, the 36th largest in land area, and ranks 26th in population.
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Lakhva
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Mexico (state)
http://wn.com/Mexico_(state) -
Naucalpan
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Nebraska
Nebraska () is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. The state's capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha.
http://wn.com/Nebraska -
New Zealand
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/New_Zealand -
Noble County, Ohio
Noble County is a county located in the state of Ohio. As of the 2000 census, the population was 14,058. Its county seat is Caldwell. Noble County is named for Rep. Warren P. Noble of the Ohio House of Representatives, who was an early settler there.
http://wn.com/Noble_County_Ohio -
Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,
http://wn.com/Ohio -
Ontario
Ontario is a Province of Canada located in the east-central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area, (Nunavut and the Northwest Territories are larger in area, but they are not provinces.) The province's largest metropolitan area and Canada's most populous city, Toronto, is the capital city of Ontario. The national capital of Canada, Ottawa, is located in Ontario as well.
http://wn.com/Ontario -
Phnom Penh
http://wn.com/Phnom_Penh -
Qatar
Qatar ( ; ; local pronunciation: ), also known as the State of Qatar or locally , is an Arab country, known officially as an emirate, in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise, the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. A strait of the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from the nearby island nation of Bahrain.
http://wn.com/Qatar -
Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
http://wn.com/Republic_of_China -
Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
http://wn.com/Russia -
San Marino
San Marino, officially the Most Serene Republic of San Marino ( ; ), is a country situated on the eastern side of the Apennine Mountains. It is an enclave, in Italy. Its size is just over with an estimated population of almost 30,000. Its capital is the City of San Marino. One of the European microstates, along with Liechtenstein, the Vatican, Monaco, Andorra, and Malta, San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.
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Soviet Union
http://wn.com/Soviet_Union -
Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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Sweden
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Tajikistan
Tajikistan ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (, Jumhurii Tojikiston; , Respublika Tadzhikistan; Jomhuri-ye Tajikestan), is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan also lies adjacent to Pakistan and the Gilgit-Baltistan region, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor.
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Tunisia
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U-505
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
http://wn.com/United_Kingdom -
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States -
Utah
Utah ( or ) is a western state of the United States. It was the 45th state admitted to the Union, on January 4, 1896. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,784,572 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the sixth most urbanized in the U.S. The name "Utah" is derived from the name of the Ute tribe and means "people of the mountains" in the Ute language. Utah is bordered by Arizona on the south, Colorado on the east, Wyoming on the northeast, Idaho on the north and Nevada on the west. It also touches a corner of New Mexico.
http://wn.com/Utah -
Vietnam Airlines
Vietnam Airlines Company Limited (), trading as Vietnam Airlines (), is the national flag carrier of Vietnam. It was established as a state enterprise in April 1989, and is headquartered in the Long Bien district of Hanoi, with hubs at Noi Bai International Airport and Tan Son Nhat International Airport. From there, the airline flies to 46 destinations in 19 countries, excluding codeshares, using its fleet of 70 aircraft.
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Westminster Abbey
http://wn.com/Westminster_Abbey -
Windsor, Ontario
http://wn.com/Windsor_Ontario -
Zambia
The Republic of Zambia () is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of the country. The population is concentrated mainly around the Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt to the northwest.
http://wn.com/Zambia
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Abraham Trembley
Abraham Trembley (3 September 1710 – 12 May 1784 Geneva) was a Swiss naturalist. He is best known for being the first to study freshwater polyps or hydra and for being among the first to develop experimental zoology. His mastery of experimental method has led some historians of science to credit him as the "father of biology".
http://wn.com/Abraham_Trembley -
Adriano Banchieri
Adriano Banchieri (3 September 1568 – 1634) was an Italian composer, music theorist, organist and poet of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He founded the Accademia dei Floridi in Bologna.
http://wn.com/Adriano_Banchieri -
Al Jardine
Alan Charles "Al" Jardine (born September 3, 1942) is a founding member of top-selling American music group The Beach Boys, a guitarist and occasional lead vocalist. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988.
http://wn.com/Al_Jardine -
Alan Ladd
Alan Walbridge Ladd (September 3, 1913 – January 29, 1964) was an American film actor.
http://wn.com/Alan_Ladd -
Albert DeSalvo
Albert Henry DeSalvo (September 3, 1931 – November 25, 1973) was a criminal in Boston, Massachusetts who confessed to being the "Boston Strangler", the murderer of 13 women in the Boston area. His confession has been disputed, and debate continues regarding which crimes DeSalvo actually committed.
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Albéric Magnard
http://wn.com/Albéric_Magnard -
Aleksey Khomyakov
http://wn.com/Aleksey_Khomyakov -
Alison Lurie
Alison Lurie (born September 3, 1926) is an American novelist and academic. She won the Pulitzer Prize for her 1984 novel Foreign Affairs. Although better known as a novelist, she has also written numerous non-fiction books and articles, particularly on children's literature and the semiotics of dress.
http://wn.com/Alison_Lurie -
Anne Frank
http://wn.com/Anne_Frank -
Anne Jackson
Anne Jackson (born September 3, 1926) is an American actress of television, stage, and screen.
http://wn.com/Anne_Jackson -
Archibald Bower
http://wn.com/Archibald_Bower -
Armand Vaillancourt
http://wn.com/Armand_Vaillancourt -
Ashley Jones
Ashley Aubra Jones (born September 3, 1976) is an American actress.
http://wn.com/Ashley_Jones -
B.G. (rapper)
Christopher Dorsey (born September 3, 1980), better known by his stage name B.G. (short for "Baby Gangsta" or "B. Gizzle"'), is an American rapper and actor, from New Orleans, Louisiana. He began his music career signed to Cash Money Records in 1993 with Lil Wayne as half of the duo "The B.G.'z". Both, along with rappers Juvenile and Turk collectively formed the group, the Hot Boys in 1997. In 2001, B.G. resigned from Cash Money Records, and created his own label, Chopper City Records. In 2006 he signed with G-Unit South (now Cashville Records), then was released from the label due to the feud between Young Buck and 50 Cent. In 2007, B.G signed with Atlantic Records, releasing one album under the label. He returned to Cash Money Records in 2010.
http://wn.com/BG_(rapper) -
Basil Butcher
Basil Fitzherbert Butcher (born September 3, 1933, Port Mourant, British Guiana (now Guyana)) is a former West Indian cricketer who played in 44 Tests from 1958 to 1969. He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1970.
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Bengt Lindström
http://wn.com/Bengt_Lindström -
Benito Juárez
http://wn.com/Benito_Juárez -
Bernard Mammes
Bernard Mammes (September 3, 1911 – February 27, 2000) was an American cyclist.
http://wn.com/Bernard_Mammes -
Beryl Markham
Beryl Markham (26 October 1902 - 3 August 1986) was a British-born Kenyan aviatrix, adventurer, and racehorse trainer. During the pioneer days of aviation, she became the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic from east to west. She is now primarily remembered as the author of the memoir West with the Night.
http://wn.com/Beryl_Markham -
Boston Strangler
The Boston Strangler is a name attributed to the murderer (or murderers) of several women in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, in the early 1960s. Though the crimes were attributed to Albert DeSalvo, investigators of the case have since suggested the murders (sometimes known as the silk stocking murders) were not committed by one person.
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Caesar Augustus
http://wn.com/Caesar_Augustus -
Carl David Anderson
http://wn.com/Carl_David_Anderson -
Carlo Clerici
Carlo Clerici (September 3, 1929, Zurich – January 28, 2007, Zurich [http://www.gazzetta.it/Ciclismo/Primo_Piano/2007/01_Gennaio/29/clerici.shtml]) was a Swiss professional road bicycle racer.
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Carter Albrecht
Jeffrey Carter Albrecht (23 June 1973 – 3 September 2007) was an American musician perhaps best known for his keyboard and guitar work in Edie Brickell & New Bohemians. He was shot and killed by his girlfriend's neighbor early in the morning on 3 September 2007.
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Caryl Churchill
http://wn.com/Caryl_Churchill -
Chabeli Iglesias
http://wn.com/Chabeli_Iglesias -
Charlie Sheen
http://wn.com/Charlie_Sheen -
Cherry Wilder
http://wn.com/Cherry_Wilder -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Chris Fountain
Christopher Ryan Fountain (born 3 September 1987 in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England) is an English actor best known for his role as Justin Burton on the Channel 4 teen soap Hollyoaks, a role he played from 2003 until his departure in June 2009. He is currently playing the role of PC Paul Tait in BBC Drama Five Days.
http://wn.com/Chris_Fountain -
Chris Gatling
Chris Raymond Gatling (born September 3, 1967 in Elizabeth, New Jersey) is a retired American professional basketball player, having played for numerous NBA teams from 1991 to 2002.
http://wn.com/Chris_Gatling -
Christine Woods
Christine Woods (b. September 3, 1983) is an American actress who has appeared in numerous television shows. More recently, she could be seen as part of the main cast in ABC's FlashForward, in which she portrayed FBI Special Agent Janis Hawk.
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Costas Mandylor
Costas Mandylor (born September 3, 1962) is an Australian actor.
http://wn.com/Costas_Mandylor -
Cristobal Huet
http://wn.com/Cristobal_Huet -
Damon Stoudamire
Damon Lamon Stoudamire (born September 3, 1973) is a retired American professional basketball player who is currently an assistant coach for the NBA's Memphis Grizzlies. The , point guard was selected with the 7th overall pick by the Toronto Raptors in the 1995 NBA Draft and won the 1995-96 NBA Rookie of the Year Award. He played professionally for the Toronto Raptors, Portland Trail Blazers, Memphis Grizzlies and San Antonio Spurs, and collegiately at the University of Arizona. He is the cousin of former Arizona Wildcats standout Salim Stoudamire.
http://wn.com/Damon_Stoudamire -
Daniel Chan
Daniel Chan Hiu-tung, born on 3 September 1975 in Hong Kong, is a popular Hong Kong singer, songwriter, and actor. He is most notable as one of the young talents in the 1990s music scene.
http://wn.com/Daniel_Chan -
Daniel Ruben Bilos
http://wn.com/Daniel_Ruben_Bilos -
Diane de Poitiers
http://wn.com/Diane_de_Poitiers -
Dick Motta
John Richard "Dick" Motta (born September 3, 1931 in Midvale, Utah) is a former basketball coach whose career in the National Basketball Association (NBA) spanned 25 years, and
http://wn.com/Dick_Motta -
Dirch Passer
Dirch Hartvig Passer (18 May 1926 - 3 September 1980) was a celebrated Danish actor. He was greatly renowned for his improvisational skills and, with a filmography comprising 110 movies, one of Denmark's most prolific actors.
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Don Brewer
Don Brewer (born September 3, 1948 in Flint, Michigan) is the drummer for American rock band Grand Funk Railroad.
http://wn.com/Don_Brewer -
Dov Lopatyn
http://wn.com/Dov_Lopatyn -
Duncan Renaldo
http://wn.com/Duncan_Renaldo -
E. E. Cummings
http://wn.com/E_E_Cummings -
Earl Cureton
Earl Cureton (born September 3, 1957, in Detroit, Michigan) is a retired American professional basketball player. His nickname was "The Twirl".
http://wn.com/Earl_Cureton -
Eddie Stanky
http://wn.com/Eddie_Stanky -
Eduard van Beinum
Eduard van Beinum (September 3, 1901 – April 13, 1959, Amsterdam) was a Dutch conductor.
http://wn.com/Eduard_van_Beinum -
Eduardo Galeano
http://wn.com/Eduardo_Galeano -
Edvard Beneš
http://wn.com/Edvard_Beneš -
Edward Anhalt
http://wn.com/Edward_Anhalt -
Edward Coke
http://wn.com/Edward_Coke -
Eileen Brennan
Eileen Brennan (born September 3, 1932) is an American actress of film, television, and theater.
http://wn.com/Eileen_Brennan -
Ellie Lambeti
http://wn.com/Ellie_Lambeti -
Emily Kngwarreye
http://wn.com/Emily_Kngwarreye -
Emperor Go-Sanjō
was the 71st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
http://wn.com/Emperor_Go-Sanjō -
Eric Bell
Eric Robin Bell (born 3 September 1947 in Belfast, Northern Ireland ) is a Northern Irish rock musician and guitarist.
http://wn.com/Eric_Bell -
Ferdinand Porsche
http://wn.com/Ferdinand_Porsche -
Fotis Kouvelis
Fotis Kouvelis () (born 3 September 1948) is a Greek lawyer and politician and indepedent Member of Parliament
http://wn.com/Fotis_Kouvelis -
Francis Ouimet
http://wn.com/Francis_Ouimet -
Frank Capra
Frank Russell Capra (May 18, 1897 – September 3, 1991) was a Sicilian-born American film director and a creative force behind a number of films of the 1930s and 1940s, including It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), Lost Horizon (1937), ''You Can't Take It With You (1938), Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939), Meet John Doe (1941), Arsenic and Old Lace (1944) and It's a Wonderful Life'' (1946).
http://wn.com/Frank_Capra -
Frank Lister
Frank Lister (born 3 September 1943 in Kingston upon Hull, England) is a former soccer player. He emigrated to Australia in 1959.
http://wn.com/Frank_Lister -
Freddie King
http://wn.com/Freddie_King -
Frederick Douglass
http://wn.com/Frederick_Douglass -
Fritz Pregl
http://wn.com/Fritz_Pregl -
Gaetano Scirea
Gaetano Scirea (25 May 1953 – 3 September 1989) was an Italian football player who is considered one of the greatest defenders of all-time .
http://wn.com/Gaetano_Scirea -
Garrett Hedlund
Garrett John Hedlund (born September 3, 1984) is an American actor known for his role in the movie Four Brothers and as Sam Flynn in the upcoming film .
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Garth Ancier
Garth Ancier (born 3 September 1957 in Perth Amboy, New Jersey) is a former television executive. He is the former President of BBC Worldwide America and continues to be associated with the company in a consulting capacity as nonexecutive director and remains a member of the BBC Worldwide America board.
http://wn.com/Garth_Ancier -
Gaston Thorn
http://wn.com/Gaston_Thorn -
George Biondo
George Michael Biondo (born September 3, 1945, Brooklyn, New York) was the bass guitarist of the American rock band, Steppenwolf, from April 1970 to October 1976. Though born in New York, he has been based in Southern California throughout his ongoing career as a session musician and songwriter.
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George Hearst
George Hearst (September 3, 1820 – February 28, 1891) was a wealthy American businessman and United States Senator, and the father of newspaperman William Randolph Hearst.
http://wn.com/George_Hearst -
Giuseppe Farina
Emilio Giuseppe "Nino" Farina (30 October 1906, Turin, Piedmont - 30 June 1966) was an Italian racing driver. He stands out in the history of Grand Prix motor racing for his much copied 'straight-arm' driving style and his status as the first ever Formula One World Champion.
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Harry Partch
Harry Partch (June 24, 1901 – September 3, 1974) was an American composer and instrument creator. He was one of the first twentieth-century composers to work extensively and systematically with microtonal scales, writing much of his music for custom-made instruments that he built himself, tuned in 11-limit (43-tone) just intonation.
http://wn.com/Harry_Partch -
Helen Wagner
http://wn.com/Helen_Wagner -
Helmut Clasen
Helmut Clasen (born September 3, 1935, in Cologne, Germany) is an active motorcycle enduro competitor since 1957, called "Speedy" by family and friends alike.
http://wn.com/Helmut_Clasen -
Henry II of France
:Henry II of France redirects here. It can also refer controversially to Henry VI of England.
http://wn.com/Henry_II_of_France -
Holt McCallany
Holt McCallany (born September 3, 1964) is an American actor, writer, and producer working primarily in film and television.
http://wn.com/Holt_McCallany -
Irene Papas
http://wn.com/Irene_Papas -
James Dunn (actor)
James Howard Dunn (November 2, 1901 - September 3, 1967) was an American film actor.
http://wn.com/James_Dunn_(actor) -
James T. Aubrey
http://wn.com/James_T_Aubrey -
Jane Tomlinson
http://wn.com/Jane_Tomlinson -
Jason McCaslin
Jason McCaslin (born September 3, 1980, in Toronto, Ontario), better known as Cone, is the bass guitarist and backing vocalist of Canadian punk rock band Sum 41. He joined the band in February 1999, replacing Mark Spicoluk. Sum 41 was signed by Island Records only months after he joined. McCaslin began playing bass at the age of 14, as a member of a grunge garage band called Second Opinion.
http://wn.com/Jason_McCaslin -
Jean Hardouin
http://wn.com/Jean_Hardouin -
Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
http://wn.com/Jean-Baptiste_Bagaza -
Jean-Pierre Jeunet
Jean-Pierre Jeunet (; born September 3, 1953) is a French film director.
http://wn.com/Jean-Pierre_Jeunet -
Jennie Finch
Jennie Lynn Finch (born September 3, 1980 in La Mirada, California), or occasionally using her husband's surname, Daigle, is an American softball player who pitches for the USA national softball team and the Chicago Bandits. Finch helped lead Team USA to win the gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Time magazine described her as the most famous softball player in history. On July 20, 2010 Finch officially announced her retirement from softball to focus on her family.
http://wn.com/Jennie_Finch -
Jennifer Paige
Jennifer Paige (born September 3, 1973) is an American singer-songwriter who achieved success with the 1998 pop hit "Crush".
http://wn.com/Jennifer_Paige -
Jevon Kearse
Jevon Kearse (born September 3, 1976), nicknamed "The Freak," is an American football defensive end who is currently a free agent. He was originally drafted by the Titans 16th overall in the 1999 NFL Draft out of the University of Florida.
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John Dalton
John Dalton FRS (6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844) was an English chemist, meteorologist and physicist. He is best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory, and his research into colour blindness (sometimes referred to as Daltonism, in his honour).
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John Fugelsang
John Fugelsang (b. September 3, 1969, Long Island, New York) is an American actor, television personality and stand-up comedian.
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John Humphrey Noyes
John Humphrey Noyes (September 3, 1811 – April 13, 1886) was an American utopian socialist. He founded the Oneida Community in 1848. He coined the term "free love".
http://wn.com/John_Humphrey_Noyes -
John McLoughlin
:For the survivor of the attacks of September 11, 2001, see John McLoughlin (World Trade Center attack survivor)
http://wn.com/John_McLoughlin -
John Shrapnel
John Shrapnel (born 27 April 1942) is an English actor.
http://wn.com/John_Shrapnel -
John Wayne
http://wn.com/John_Wayne -
Johnny Douglas
John "Johnny" William Henry Tyler Douglas (3 September 1882 - 19 December 1930) was a cricketer who was captain of the England team and an Olympic boxer.
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Johnny Marks
Johnny Marks (November 10, 1909 - September 3, 1985) was an American songwriter. Although he was Jewish, he specialized in Christmas songs and wrote many standards, including "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (a hit for Gene Autry and others), "I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day" (first recorded by Bing Crosby), "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" (a hit for Brenda Lee), and "A Holly Jolly Christmas" (recorded by the Quinto Sisters, then Burl Ives), and Run Rudolph Run (recorded by Chuck Berry).
http://wn.com/Johnny_Marks -
Joseph Skipsey
Joseph Skipsey (1832 - September 3, 1903) was a British poet, born near North Shields.
http://wn.com/Joseph_Skipsey -
José Pekerman
http://wn.com/José_Pekerman -
Junaid Jamshed
Junaid Jamshed (lang-ur|; born September 3, 1964) is a Pakistani recording artist who gained fame as the frontman of the pop group, Vital Signs in 1987 with the hit song, Dil Dil Pakistan, and remained in demand throughout the 1990s. In 1994, he released his debut solo album, Junaid of Vital Signs, which also quickly became a national hit, followed by Us Rah Par in 1999 and Dil Ki Baat in 2002.
http://wn.com/Junaid_Jamshed -
June
http://wn.com/June -
Jérôme Boateng
http://wn.com/Jérôme_Boateng -
Kaori Natori
is a Japanese singer under management of Stardust Music. She is currently signed to Chimera Energy, a label handled by Universal Music Japan.
http://wn.com/Kaori_Natori -
Karl Fritzsch
http://wn.com/Karl_Fritzsch -
Kelvin Wilson
Kelvin James Wilson (born 3 September 1985 in Nottingham) is an English footballer. He is a centre-back, although he can play at full-back. He currently plays for Nottingham Forest.
http://wn.com/Kelvin_Wilson -
Kenneth Hare
http://wn.com/Kenneth_Hare -
Kiran Desai
Kiran Desai (born 3 September 1971)
http://wn.com/Kiran_Desai -
Kitty Carlisle
http://wn.com/Kitty_Carlisle -
Konstantin Flavitsky
Konstantin Dmitriyevich Flavitsky () (September 13(25), 1830 - September 3(15), 1866) was a Russian painter.
http://wn.com/Konstantin_Flavitsky -
Leonidas Polk
Leonidas Polk (April 10, 1806 – June 14, 1864) was a Confederate general in the American Civil War who was once a planter in Maury County, Tennessee, and a second cousin of President James K. Polk. He also served as bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Louisiana and was for that reason known as The Fighting Bishop.
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Les Medley
Leslie Medley (3 September 1920–22 Feb 2001) was born in Edmonton, London, and joined Tottenham Hotspur in 1939. Medley was a key man in the Tottenham Hotspur's famous 'push and run' side that won the First Division championship in 1950-51 having won the Second Division the season before, when Les was top scorer. He also won six England caps.. He left London in 1954 and joined the Canadian Champions Ulster United in Toronto, joining Les Garwood his former Spurs team mate and John Plummer who joined Spurs the following year.
http://wn.com/Les_Medley -
Levy Mwanawasa
http://wn.com/Levy_Mwanawasa -
Louis MacNeice
http://wn.com/Louis_MacNeice -
Louis Sullivan
http://wn.com/Louis_Sullivan -
Major Lance
Major Lance (April 4, 1939 – September 3, 1994) was an American R&B; singer. After a number of US hits in the 1960s, including "The Monkey Time" and "Um, Um, Um, Um, Um, Um", he became an iconic figure in Britain in the 1970s among followers of Northern soul.
http://wn.com/Major_Lance -
Malcolm Gladwell
Malcolm Gladwell (born September 3, 1963) is a writer for The New Yorker and best-selling author based in New York City. He has been a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1996. He is best known for his books The Tipping Point (2000), Blink (2005), Outliers (2008), and (2009).
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Marcus McCauley
Marcus Xavier McCauley, Jr. (born September 3, 1983 in ) is an American football cornerback in the National Football League who is currently a free agent. He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the third round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at Fresno State.
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Marguerite Higgins
Marguerite Higgins, married name Marguerite Higgins Hall, (September 3, 1920-January 3, 1966), was an American reporter and war correspondent. Higgins covered World War II, the Korean War and the war in Vietnam, and in the process advanced the cause of equal access for female war correspondents.
http://wn.com/Marguerite_Higgins -
Marika Kotopouli
Marika Kotopouli (, 3 May 1887-3 September 1954) was a major Greek actress during the first half of the 20th century.
http://wn.com/Marika_Kotopouli -
Martin Straka
http://wn.com/Martin_Straka -
Maurice Dobb
Maurice Herbert Dobb (July 24, 1900 - August 17, 1976), was a British Marxist economist, and a lecturer 1924-1959 and Reader 1959-1976 at Cambridge University and a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge 1948-1976.
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Maurice Papon
Maurice Papon (; September 3, 1910 – February 17, 2007) was a French civil servant, industrial leader and Gaullist politician, who was convicted for crimes against humanity for his participation in the deportation of over 1600 Jews during World War II when he was secretary general for police of the Prefecture of Bordeaux.
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Memphis Slim
http://wn.com/Memphis_Slim -
Merritt Butrick
Merritt R. Butrick (September 3, 1959 – March 17, 1989) was an American actor who was known for his role as Captain James T. Kirk's son David Marcus in the movies ' and '. He also appeared in the episode "Symbiosis". Earlier in his career he starred as "Johnny Slash" Ulasewicz in the sitcom Square Pegs. He also appeared in the 1982 comedy Zapped! and the cult film Fright Night II (1988), and as Barbara Hershey's hillbilly son in the 1987 drama Shy People.
http://wn.com/Merritt_Butrick -
Michal Rozsival
http://wn.com/Michal_Rozsival -
Mongols
http://wn.com/Mongols -
Morton Feldman
http://wn.com/Morton_Feldman -
Mubarak Ghanim
Mubarak bin Ghanim Mubarak (), (born 3 September 1963), is a footballer from UAE who played as a centre back for Al-khaleej Club in Sharjah, and the UAE national football team. He formed along with Khalil Ghanim a hard defence line for the UAE team during their careers. His injury during the preparation for the 1990 FIFA World Cup had denied from playing in the tournament.
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Napoleon I
http://wn.com/Napoleon_I -
Nate Robertson
Nathan Daniel "Nate" Robertson, (born September 3, 1977, in Wichita, Kansas) is a left-handed pitcher who is currently a Free Agent.
http://wn.com/Nate_Robertson -
Nick Wechsler
Nick Wechsler (born September 3, 1978) is an American actor best known for his role as Kyle Valenti in the Roswell television series.
http://wn.com/Nick_Wechsler -
Noah Baumbach
Noah Baumbach (born September 3, 1969) is an American writer, director and independent filmmaker.
http://wn.com/Noah_Baumbach -
Noah Howard
http://wn.com/Noah_Howard -
Norihiko Hibino
is a Japanese video game composer and saxophonist.
http://wn.com/Norihiko_Hibino -
Oliver Cromwell
http://wn.com/Oliver_Cromwell -
Olof Mellberg
http://wn.com/Olof_Mellberg -
Pat McGeown
Pat "Beag" McGeown (3 September 1956 – 1 October 1996) was a volunteer in the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) who took part in the 1981 Irish hunger strike.
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Paul Dudley (jurist)
http://wn.com/Paul_Dudley_(jurist) -
Paul Jennings Hill
http://wn.com/Paul_Jennings_Hill -
Paul Kane
Paul Kane (September 3, 1810 – February 20, 1871) was an Irish-born Canadian painter, famous for his paintings of First Nations peoples in the Canadian West and other Native Americans in the Oregon Country.
http://wn.com/Paul_Kane -
Paul Moor
Paul Moor, (born 3 September 1978) in Beverley, Hull, England, is one of the world's leading Ten-pin Bowlers. He is left-handed and is a full-time bowler.
http://wn.com/Paul_Moor -
Pauline Kael
Pauline Kael (June 19, 1919 –September 3, 2001) was an American film critic who wrote for The New Yorker magazine from 1968 to 1991. Earlier in her career her works were published by City Lights, ''McCall's and The New Republic''.
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Percy Chapman
Arthur Percy Frank Chapman (3 September 1900 – 16 September 1961) was an outstanding English cricketer who captained England to a then English-record-equalling seven consecutive Test match wins, a record that was not surpassed until Michael Vaughan's team (with one game captained by Marcus Trescothick) won eight in a row in 2004. Chapman won his first nine Tests as captain, but this sequence was interrupted by Tests in which others captained England.
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Pietro Locatelli
http://wn.com/Pietro_Locatelli -
Pilar Pallete
Pilar Pallete (September 3, 1936) is a former Peruvian actress and third wife of the American film star John Wayne.
http://wn.com/Pilar_Pallete -
Pompey
http://wn.com/Pompey -
Pope Gregory I
http://wn.com/Pope_Gregory_I -
R. S. R. Fitter
http://wn.com/R_S_R_Fitter -
Rahul Sanghvi
Rahul Sanghvi (born September 3, 1974 in Gujarat) is an Indian cricketer, specialising in left arm orthodox spin. He played one Test Match, which was the First Test between Australia and India in 2001, but was dropped after Australia claimed a 10 wicket victory. He played in 10 One Day Internationals. He has played first-class cricket for three teams: Delhi, North Zone and Railways.
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Remaclus
Saint Remaclus (Remaculus, Remacle, Rimagilus; died 663) was a Benedictine missionary bishop. He grew up at the Aquitanian ducal court and studied under Sulpitius the Pious, bishop of Bourges. He became a monk in 625 and was then ordained a priest. He was the first to head the monastery of Solignac after being appointed by Saint Eligius.
http://wn.com/Remaclus -
Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell (4 October 1626 – 12 July 1712) was the third son of Oliver Cromwell. He was the second Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, serving for just under nine months, from 3 September 1658 until 25 May 1659.
http://wn.com/Richard_Cromwell -
Richard I of England
http://wn.com/Richard_I_of_England -
Rina Koike
(born September 3, 1993, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese actress and idol affiliated with Very Berry Production.
http://wn.com/Rina_Koike -
Robert Schimmel
http://wn.com/Robert_Schimmel -
Rui Marques
Manuel Rui Marques (born 3 September 1977) is an Angolan football defender and first choice centre-back for the Angolan national side. Although born in Angola, Marques moved to Portugal as a child. Marques is currently unattached after being released by Leeds.
http://wn.com/Rui_Marques -
Ryōji Noyori
is a Japanese chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001. Noyori shared half of the prize with William S. Knowles for the study of chirally catalyzed hydrogenations; the second half of the Prize went to K. Barry Sharpless for his study in chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions (Sharpless epoxidation).
http://wn.com/Ryōji_Noyori -
Sally Benson
http://wn.com/Sally_Benson -
Sarah Burke
Sarah Burke (born 1982) is a Canadian freestyle skier who grew up in Midland, Ontario, Canada. She now resides in Whistler, British Columbia.
http://wn.com/Sarah_Burke -
Scott Carson
Scott Paul Carson (born 3 September 1985) is an English footballer who plays for West Bromwich Albion as a goalkeeper.
http://wn.com/Scott_Carson -
Sergei Dovlatov
http://wn.com/Sergei_Dovlatov -
Sextus Pompeius
http://wn.com/Sextus_Pompeius -
Shaun White
Shaun Roger White (born September 3, 1986) is an American professional snowboarder and skateboarder. He is a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He rides regular stance, twelve and negative three degrees on his board.
http://wn.com/Shaun_White -
Shoista Mullojonova
http://wn.com/Shoista_Mullojonova -
Spike Feresten
Spike Feresten is an American television writer, screenwriter and television personality.
http://wn.com/Spike_Feresten -
Steve Ryan (actor)
Steve Ryan (June 19, 1947 – September 3, 2007) was an American actor.
http://wn.com/Steve_Ryan_(actor) -
Steve Schirripa
Steven R. "Steve" Schirripa (born ) is an American actor, known for playing Bobby Baccalieri in The Sopranos.
http://wn.com/Steve_Schirripa -
Stewart Holbrook
Stewart Hall Holbrook (1893 - 1964) was an American lumberjack, writer, and popular historian. His writings focused on what he called the "Far Corner": Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. A self-proclaimed "low-brow" historian, his topics included Ethan Allen, the railroads, the timber industry, the Wobblies, and eccentrics of the Pacific Northwest.
http://wn.com/Stewart_Holbrook -
Sun Xiu (emperor)
http://wn.com/Sun_Xiu_(emperor) -
Terje Bakken
http://wn.com/Terje_Bakken -
Thurston Dart
Robert Thurston ("Bob") Dart (3 September 1921 – 6 March 1971), was a British musicologist, conductor and keyboard player. From 1964 he was Professor of Music at King's College London.
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Tiffany Chapman
Tiffany Chapman (born 3 September 1979 in Oldham, Greater Manchester) is an English actress. She played Rachel Jordache (later known as Rachel Dixon) in the soap opera Brookside from 1993 until the show's conclusion in 2003. She has also released a fitness video and appeared in Celebrity Wrestling.
http://wn.com/Tiffany_Chapman -
Tom Emmett
http://wn.com/Tom_Emmett -
Tomo Miličević
http://wn.com/Tomo_Miličević -
Tompall Glaser
Tompall Glaser (born September 3, 1933 in Spalding, Nebraska) is an American country music artist. Active since the 1950s, he has recorded both as a solo artist and with his brothers Chuck and Jim in the trio Tompall & the Glaser Brothers. Tompall Glaser's highest-charting solo single was Shel Silverstein's "Put Another Log on the Fire (The Male Chauvinist National Anthem)", which peaked at #21 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles (now Hot Country Songs) charts in 1975 and appeared on the album Wanted! The Outlaws.
http://wn.com/Tompall_Glaser -
Trevor St. John
Trevor Marshall St. John (born September 3, 1971) is an American actor who currently portrays the character Todd Manning on the ABC daytime drama One Life to Live.
http://wn.com/Trevor_St_John -
Umar al-Aqta
'Umar ibn Abdallah ibn Marwan' (his first name also is variously rendered as 'Amr or 'Omar), surnamed al-Aqta', "the one-handed", and found as Amer or Ambros (lang-el|) in Byzantine sources, was the Arab emir of Malatya (Melitene) from the 830s until his death in battle in 863. During this time, he was one of the greatest enemies of the Byzantine Empire on its eastern frontier.
http://wn.com/Umar_al-Aqta -
Urho Kekkonen
:Kekkonen redirects here. For other uses, see Kekkonen (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Urho_Kekkonen -
Valdas Vasylius
Valdas Vasylius (born September 3, 1983 in Klaipeda, Lithuanian SSR, Soviet Union) is a Lithuanian basketball forward who played collegiately at Old Dominion University and now plays professionally in Russian Basketball Super League newcomer Krasnye Krylya Samara. He has also played at the international level representing his home country in 2007 Summer Universiade.
http://wn.com/Valdas_Vasylius -
Valerie Perrine
Valerie Ritchie Perrine (born September 3, 1943) is an American actress and model.
http://wn.com/Valerie_Perrine -
Vince Lombardi
Vincent Thomas Lombardi (June 11, 1913 – September 3, 1970) was an American football coach. He is a legendary football figure, best known as the head coach of the Green Bay Packers during the 1960s. The National Football League's Super Bowl trophy is named in his honor.
http://wn.com/Vince_Lombardi -
Vivek Oberoi
Vivek Anand Oberoi (, , born 3 September 1976 in Hyderabad) is an Indian actor and social activist. He is the son of Bollywood actor Suresh Oberoi and Yashodhara.
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W. Clement Stone
http://wn.com/W_Clement_Stone -
William Rehnquist
http://wn.com/William_Rehnquist -
William S. Harney
http://wn.com/William_S_Harney -
William W. Snow
http://wn.com/William_W_Snow -
William Wordsworth
http://wn.com/William_Wordsworth -
Windir
Windir (Primal Warrior in English) was a folkloric black metal band from Sogndal, Norway. The band combined black metal with folk music and mythology. The band was formed in 1994 and released its debut album in 1997. Windir was a project of vocalist and multi-instrumentalist Terje "Valfar" Bakken.
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Yevgeniy Abalakov
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Zachary Lansdowne
Lieutenant Commander Zachary Lansdowne, USN (December 1, 1888 - September 3, 1925) Navy Cross was a United States Navy officer and early Naval Aviator who contributed to the development of the Navy's first lighter-than-air craft. He died in command of the airship USS Shenandoah (ZR-1), which crashed in Ohio on September 3, 1925.
http://wn.com/Zachary_Lansdowne -
Zita Urbonaitė
http://wn.com/Zita_Urbonaitė
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Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 All Goals and Match Highlights September 7 2012 World Cup Qualifier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Published: 08 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Friend me on facebook www.facebook.com Argentina captain Lionel Messi registered his delight following a comfortable win over Paraguay that took his nation to the top of Conmebol's World Cup qualification standings, and also praised the role the fans played in the victory. The Barcelona star twice hit the woodwork during a 3-1 triumph in Cordoba's Estadio Mario Kempes, but he finally registered in the second half with a stunning free kick to guarantee victory. Angel Di Maria and Gonzalo Higuain also struck for the Albiceleste, who now lead Chile and Ecuador by one point in the race to Brazil 2014.
http://wn.com/Argentina_Vs_Paraguay_3-1_All_Goals_and_Match_Highlights_September_7_2012_World_Cup_Qualifier
Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 - All Goals & Match Highlights - September 7 2012 - World Cup Qualifier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Published: 08 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Argentina 3-1 Paraguay 09.07.2012 07.09.2012 Angel Di Maria Goal 3 Jonathan Fabbro Penalty Goal 18 Gonzalo Higuain Goal 30 Lionel Messi Goal 64
http://wn.com/Argentina_Vs_Paraguay_3-1_All_Goals_Match_Highlights_September_7_2012_World_Cup_Qualifier
DID Dance Ke Superkids - Watch Full Episode 3 of 1st September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 63:29
- Published: 02 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Watch latest "DID Dance Ke Superkids" Episodes.
http://wn.com/DID_Dance_Ke_Superkids_Watch_Full_Episode_3_of_1st_September_2012
Punarvivaah - Watch Full Episode 141 of 3rd September 20123
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 22:46
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Punarvivaah" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Punarvivaah_Watch_Full_Episode_141_of_3rd_September_20123
Doctor Who Prequel: Pond Life part 3 - Series 7 Autumn 2012 - BBC One
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:55
- Published: 29 Aug 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
www.bbc.co.uk Pond Life is the new 5 part mini-adventure, with a new part every day, featuring the Doctor, Amy, Rory and some surprise familiar faces! En route to visit the Ponds the TARDIS' Helmic Regulator malfunctions, leaving the Doctor popping up everywhere in time and space. Will he ever make it back to them? Watch Asylum of the Daleks, the new Doctor Who adventure, on BBC One on Saturday 01 September at 7.20pm, and on: BBC America on Saturday 01 September at 9pm ET Space (Canada) on Saturday 01 September at 9pm ET ABC iView (Australia) on 02 September at 5.10am AEST ABC1 (Australia) on Saturday 08 September at 7.30pm AEST Prime (New Zealand) -- Coming Soon
http://wn.com/Doctor_Who_Prequel_Pond_Life_part_3_Series_7_Autumn_2012_BBC_One
Aamhi Saare Khavayye - Watch Full Episode 1397 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:29
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 08 Sep 2012
Aamhi Sare Khavayye is a Zee Marathi recipe show featuring preparation of various delectable dishes.
http://wn.com/Aamhi_Saare_Khavayye_Watch_Full_Episode_1397_of_3rd_September_2012
Phir Subah Hogi - Watch Full Episode 100 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:20
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 08 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Phir Subah Hogi" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Phir_Subah_Hogi_Watch_Full_Episode_100_of_3rd_September_2012
Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke - Watch Full Episode 77 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 41:44
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Sapne_Suhane_Ladakpan_Ke_Watch_Full_Episode_77_of_3rd_September_2012
Uncha Maza Zoka - Watch Full Episode 157 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:17
- Published: 04 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Uncha Majha Zoka' which is based on the subject of child marriage that existed during late 19th century.
http://wn.com/Uncha_Maza_Zoka_Watch_Full_Episode_157_of_3rd_September_2012
Rab Se Sona Ishq - Watch Full Episode 36 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:24
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Rab Se Sona Ishq" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Rab_Se_Sona_Ishq_Watch_Full_Episode_36_of_3rd_September_2012
Pavitra Rishta - Watch Full Episode 862 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:52
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Pavitra Rishta" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Pavitra_Rishta_Watch_Full_Episode_862_of_3rd_September_2012
Hitler Didi - Watch Full Episode 214 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:18
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Hitler Didi" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Hitler_Didi_Watch_Full_Episode_214_of_3rd_September_2012
WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show (HQ) - Monday Night Raw
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 112:04
- Published: 04 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show HQ Monday Night Raw 09/03/12 - 9/3/12 9/3/2012 09/03/12 09/03/2012 3/9/12 3/9/2012 03/09/12 03/09/2012 9-3-12 9-3-2012 09-3-12 09-3-2012 3-9-12 3-9-2012 3-09-12 3-09-2012 "part 1" "part 1/17" "WWE Raw 9/3/12 - Full Show (HQ)" 9.3/12 9.3.2012 09.3.12 09.3.2012 3.9.12 3.9.2012 3.09.12 2.09.2012
http://wn.com/WWE_Raw_9_3_12_Full_Show_HQ_Monday_Night_Raw
Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein - Watch Full Episode 304 of 3rd September 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:18
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Watch latest "Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein" Episodes on www.zeetv.com
http://wn.com/Mrs_Kaushik_Ki_Paanch_Bahuein_Watch_Full_Episode_304_of_3rd_September_2012
Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 - Lionel Messi Free Kick Goal - World Cup 2014 Qualifier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:50
- Published: 08 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Messi scores a brilliant free-kick for Argentina against Paraguay. September 7 2012 - World Cup Qualifier . Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 Lionel Messi Free Kick Goal - World Cup 2014 Qualifier Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 Argentina 3-1 Paraguay 2012 all goals highlights Lionel Messi Free Kick vs Paraguay Lionel Messi Free Kick Lionel Messi Free Kick Lionel Messi Free Kick Lionel Messi Free Kick all goals top best skills best player in the world barca barcelona video
http://wn.com/Argentina_Vs_Paraguay_3-1_Lionel_Messi_Free_Kick_Goal_World_Cup_2014_Qualifier
![WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show [HD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120910103053im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EVFhMKYUirA/0.jpg "WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show [HD]")
WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show [HD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 134:58
- Published: 04 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
WWE Raw 9/3/12 Full Show HD Monday Night Raw 09/03/12 - 9/3/12 9/3/2012 09/03/12 09/03/2012 3/9/12 3/9/2012 03/09/12 03/09/2012 9-3-12 9-3-2012 09-3-12 09-3-2012 3-9-12 3-9-2012 3-09-12 3-09-2012 "part 1" "part 1/17" "WWE Raw 9/3/12 - Full Show (HQ)" 9.3/12 9.3.2012 09.3.12 09.3.2012 3.9.12 3.9.2012 3.09.12 2.09.2012
http://wn.com/WWE_Raw_9_3_12_Full_Show_HD_
WWE RAW 9/3/12 - Full Show Part 1/2 (HQ) - Monday Night Raw 09/03/12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 74:26
- Published: 04 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Watch All 2012 WWE PPVs: goo.gl WWE Raw 9/3/12 - Full Show Part 1/2 (HQ) - Monday Night Raw WWE Raw 09/03/12 WWE Raw 9/3/12 WWE Raw 09/03/2012 WWE Raw 09/03/12 Full Show WWE Raw 09/03/2012 WWE Raw 9/3/12 WWE Raw 09/03/2012 WWE Raw 9/3/12 WWE Raw 09/03/2012 WWE Raw 9/3/12 -Full Show - Monday...
http://wn.com/WWE_RAW_9_3_12_Full_Show_Part_1_2_HQ_Monday_Night_Raw_09_03_12
Lil Wayne Ft. J.Cole ─ Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Published: 03 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
OFFICIAL SONG twitter.com www.facebook.com Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012) Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012) Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012) Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012) Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012) Lil Wayne Ft. J. Cole • Green Ranger (Dedication 4)(September 2012)
http://wn.com/Lil_Wayne_Ft_JCole_─_Green_Ranger_Dedication_4September_2012
WWE RAW 9/3/2012 John Cena vs Alberto Del Rio - CM Punk and Paul Heyman Destroys Cena!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:04
- Published: 04 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Damn , This was the Sh*t! WWE RAW 9/3/2012 Full Show John Cena vs Alberto Del Rio - Falls Count Anywhere WWE RAW 9/3/2012 Paul Heyman and CM Punk Reunites and Destroys John Cena
http://wn.com/WWE_RAW_9_3_2012_John_Cena_vs_Alberto_Del_Rio_CM_Punk_and_Paul_Heyman_Destroys_Cena!
Hanging From The Hotel del Coronado! -- RCC Week (3 of 4)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:53
- Published: 12 Oct 2011
- Updated: 25 Aug 2012
California Travel Vlog Playlist -- bit.ly September 24, 2011: With filming for "Roller Coaster Commotion" finished, Jon and his friends travel south down the California coast to San Diego to celebrate Jon's October wedding. They visit Tom's Farms in Corona, Point Loma, the Hotel del Coronado, and the Gaslamp Quarter. Video 3 of 4. ~~ Jon's Adventure Vlog ~~ Whenever Jon ventures out into the world to do something exciting, he will take you along for the adventure! These videos will be posted sporadically, and often in small bursts immediately following any traveling Jon does - but the schedule depends on when Jon actually goes on an adventure! Jonathan Paula is a 25-year-old professional YouTuber and creator of the hit web series, "Is It A Good Idea To Microwave This?". He graduated from Emerson College in 2008 with a degree in Television Production and Radio Broadcasting. He lives in Rockingham, New Hampshire with his fiancée. ~~ Links ~~ Facebook ----------- bit.ly Twitter --------------- bit.ly The World ---------- bit.ly Game Time -------- bit.ly Main Channel ----- bit.ly My Best Movies -- bit.ly FAQ Video --------- bit.ly T-Shirts ------------- bit.ly ~~ Technical ~~ Created by ------ Jonathan Paula Camera ---------- Canon PowerShot SX20 Software --------- Adobe Premiere Pro CS5 Computer ------- bit.ly • Jogwheel Productions © 2011 • ~
http://wn.com/Hanging_From_The_Hotel_del_Coronado!_-_RCC_Week_3_of_4
Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 - All Goals & Match Highlights
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Published: 08 Sep 2012
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 - All Goals & Match Highlights - September 7 2012 - World Cup Qualifier Argentina 3-1 Paraguay 09.07.2012 07.09.2012 Messi scores a brilliant free-kick for Argentina against Paraguay. September 7 2012 - World Cup Qualifier . Argentina Vs Paraguay 3-1 Lionel Messi...
http://wn.com/Argentina_Vs_Paraguay_3-1_All_Goals_Match_Highlights
The ABCs and 123s of Battlefield 3 - SV98 Bolt Action Sniper Rifle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Published: 07 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
www.youtube.com Click here to watch ABC's of BF3: RPK-74M ABC's of BF3: SV98 Bolt Action Sniper Rifle Make sure to give YOUR grades to the weapons, equipment, and vehicles in the comments! Subscribe to the show! Also, check out previous episodes by clicking the screen or the other links here! Please "Like," "Favorite," and "Share" the episodes in this series that you enjoy most! Thanks, and we will see you on the Battlefield! DIRECTOR'S CHANNEL: www.youtube.com Subscribe to the Show, The ABC's and 123's of Battlefield 3: www.youtube.com ABC's of BF3 HUB www.youtube.com DayZ Dizasters Playlist: www.youtube.com DayZ Zombie Apocalypse Playlist: www.youtube.com CLOSE QUARTERS DLC PLAYLIST: www.youtube.com Previous Respawn Series "Corps Classified" playlist: www.youtube.com T-Shirts! stouttees.spreadshirt.com All Graphics and Editing with the assistance of: www.youtube.com Visit the NEW Inside Gaming Blog bit.ly - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - This Respawn video will show you: How to equip the most effective weapons in Battlefield 3 How to use the RPK-74M How to Use the support kit effectively How to use C4 with the support Kit - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FOR MACHINIMA'S BEST HIGH QUALITY SERIES, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE MACHINIMA, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE SPORTS GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE MMO & RPG GAMEPLAY, GO TO <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/The_ABCs_and_123s_of_Battlefield_3_SV98_Bolt_Action_Sniper_Rifle
Pakistani Vs Australia 1st T20 Match 5 September 2012 - Pak Vs Aus 1st T20 2012 Highlights Part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:49
- Published: 05 Sep 2012
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Watch Latest Cricket Highlights On - www.sixer.pk Pakistani Vs Australia 1st T20 Match 5 September 2012 - Pak Vs Aus 1st T20 2012 Highlights P1 Pakistani Vs Australia 1st T20 Match 5 September 2012 - Pak Vs Aus 1st T20 2012 Highlights P1 Pakistani Vs Australia 1st T20 Match 5 September...
http://wn.com/Pakistani_Vs_Australia_1st_T20_Match_5_September_2012_Pak_Vs_Aus_1st_T20_2012_Highlights_Part_1
Photo: AP / Chris Pizzello
09 Sep 2012
Related topics Kim KardashianKUWTK Advertisement Kim Kardashian's appearance at Club Hush in Charlotte, North Carolina was kind of a bust. The reality star showed up, hoping to see tons of screaming...
Photo: AP
08 Sep 2012
At least 80 people have been killed and hundreds others injured in shallow earthquakes which struck the mountainous southwest China, with the rescue teams today reaching about 90% of the affected...
Photo: AP / Nabil al-Jurani
09 Sep 2012
Baghdad: A series of more than 20 attacks across Iraq killed 52 people and wounded more than 250 on Saturday and Sunday, security and medical officials said, with targets including security forces and...
Photo: AP / J. Scott Applewhite
07 Sep 2012
CHARLOTTE, N.C. — The Democratic argument for President Obama's reelection boils down to three sentences, each delivered on a separate night of the party's convention here. On Tuesday, First...
Skiddle
Just Skank & RippeR team up to bring a mad summer session with some Huge DJ Date: Friday 24th August 2012 Venue: Moho Live » Location: Manchester » Doors: 22:00 til 04:00 Event short url: http://www.skiddle.com/events/11695264/ Buy tickets for this event: The following tickets are on...(size: 10.4Kb)
The Examiner
Related topics Arkansas MusicLuceroLevon Helm Advertisement There’s a huge two day event for fans of Arkansas music on September 28 and 29, 2012 at the River Market Pavilion and the Riverfest Amphitheater, downtown Little Rock. The Arkansas Sounds Music Festival is free to the public and lasts all...(size: 6.4Kb)
The best movies of 2001
20 Aug 2012
The Examiner
Related topics Bestbest moviesTop Ten2001Donnie DarkoThe Lord of the Rings Advertisement When it comes to the year 2001, it’s hard to get past the tragedy of September 11 or Stanley Kubrick’s movie of the same name. Over a decade later, you have to do some real research to look at what else happened...(size: 13.5Kb)
The Examiner
Related topics RanLabor Day 2012 Advertisement Once a year the Hands Across the Bridge (now called Recovery Advocacy Network, RAN) event happens in Oregon and Washington states on labor day September 3d, 2012. Last year 2,262 people joined hands to span the Interstate 5 Bridge connecting the two...(size: 7.4Kb)
The Examiner
Related topics food recallcantaloupesListeria Advertisement A melon farm in Colorado has recalled more than 300,000 cases of cantaloupes shipped across the country after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that two people had died and 22 more had become infected with Listeria...(size: 6.9Kb)
The Charlotte Observer
Law enforcement officials from all levels of government met with members of the Charlotte Sikh community on Sunday in the latest effort to build communication and bonds between the two. Just a week ago, Chief Rodney Monroe and a few of his officers met with the Sikh community, following a shooting...(size: 3.4Kb)
The Independent
Just over a year ago, Julian Assange was a liberal icon. In the months before his fall-outs with The Guardian and The New York Times, his image was of renegade truth-teller sticking it to "The Man". WikiLeaks and its partners' series of revelations looked set to cause a world of pain for...(size: 6.2Kb)
Netball: Mes a shock inclusion in Ferns squad
20 Aug 2012
NZ Herald
Unheralded midcourter Bailey Mes is the shock inclusion in the Silver Ferns test side to face Australia next month. Mes, a converted shooter, played just one quarter for the Mystics in this year's transtasman league. But Ferns coach Waimarama Taumaunu was impressed with what she saw from Mes in the...(size: 2.5Kb)
The Inquisitr
Posted: August 19, 2012 If you’re cast as Nicolas Cage’s friend or family member, chances are you’re going to be in some sort of peril. This seems to be the case more often than not, as evidenced by the prolific actor’s previous endeavor Seeking Justice. Directed by Roger...(size: 7.9Kb)
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| September 3 in recent years |
| 2011 (Saturday) |
| 2010 (Friday) |
| 2009 (Thursday) |
| 2008 (Wednesday) |
| 2007 (Monday) |
| 2006 (Sunday) |
| 2005 (Saturday) |
| 2004 (Friday) |
| 2003 (Wednesday) |
| 2002 (Tuesday) |
September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 119 days remaining until the end of the year.
Contents |
Events[link]
- 36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
- 301 – San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world's oldest republic still in existence, is founded by Saint Marinus.
- 590 – Consecration of Pope Gregory I (Gregory the Great).
- 863 – Major Byzantine victory at the Battle of Lalakaon against an Arab raid.
- 1189 – Richard I of England (a.k.a. Richard "the Lionheart") is crowned at Westminster.
- 1260 – The Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine, marking their first decisive defeat and the point of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire.
- 1650 – Third English Civil War: in the Battle of Dunbar, English Parliamentarian forces led by Oliver Cromwell defeat an army loyal to King Charles II of England and led by David Leslie, Lord Newark.
- 1651 – Third English Civil War: Battle of Worcester – Charles II of England is defeated in the last main battle of the war.
- 1658 – Richard Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England
- 1666 – The Royal Exchange burns down in the Great Fire of London
- 1777 – American Revolutionary War: during the Battle of Cooch's Bridge, the Flag of the United States is flown in battle for the first time.
- 1783 – American Revolutionary War: the war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain.
- 1798 – The week long battle of St. George's Caye begins between Spain and Britain off the coast of Belize.
- 1802 – William Wordsworth composes the sonnet Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802.
- 1803 – English scientist John Dalton begins using symbols to represent the atoms of different elements.
- 1812 – 24 settlers are killed in the Pigeon Roost Massacre in Indiana.
- 1838 – Future abolitionist Frederick Douglass escapes from slavery.
- 1855 – Indian Wars: in Nebraska, 700 soldiers under United States General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village and killing 100 men, women and children.
- 1861 – American Civil War: Confederate General Leonidas Polk invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to ask for Union assistance.
- 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: the Siege of Metz begins, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory on October 23.
- 1874 – The congress of the state of México elevates Naucalpan to the category of Villa, with the title of "Villa de Juárez".
- 1875 – The first official game of Polo is played in Argentina after being introduced by British Ranchers.
- 1878 – Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
- 1914 – William, Prince of Albania leaves the country after just six months due to opposition to his rule.
- 1925 – USS Shenandoah (ZR-1), the United States' first American-built rigid airship, was destroyed in a squall line over Noble County, Ohio. Fourteen of her 42-man crew perished, including her commander, Zachary Lansdowne.
- 1933 – Yevgeniy Abalakov is the first man to reach the highest point in the Soviet Union, Communism Peak (now called Ismoil Somoni Peak and situated in Tajikistan) (7495 m).
- 1935 – Sir Malcolm Campbell reaches a speed of 304.331 miles per hour on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, becoming the first person to drive an automobile over 300 mph
- 1939 – World War II: France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia declare war on Germany after the invasion of Poland, forming the Allies.
- 1941 – The Holocaust: Karl Fritzsch, deputy camp commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, experiments with the use of Zyklon B in the gassing of Soviet POWs.
- 1942 – World War II: In response to news of its coming liquidation, Dov Lopatyn leads an uprising in the Ghetto of Lakhva, in present-day Belarus.
- 1943 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Italy begins.
- 1944 – Holocaust: diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from the Westerbork transit camp to the Auschwitz concentration camp, arriving three days later.
- 1945 – Three-day celebration was held in China, following the Victory over Japan Day on September 2.
- 1950 – "Nino" Farina becomes the first Formula One Drivers' champion after winning the 1950 Italian Grand Prix.
- 1951 – The first long-running American television soap opera, Search for Tomorrow, airs its first episode on the CBS network.
- 1954 – The People's Liberation Army begins shelling the Republic of China-controlled islands of Quemoy, starting the First Taiwan Strait Crisis.
- 1954 – The German U-Boat U-505 begins its move from a specially constructed dock to its final site at Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry.
- 1967 – Dagen H in Sweden: traffic changes from driving on the left to driving on the right overnight.
- 1971 – Qatar becomes an independent state
- 1976 – Viking program: The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars.
- 1987 – In a coup d'état in Burundi, President Jean-Baptiste Bagaza is deposed by Major Pierre Buyoya.
- 1994 – Sino-Soviet Split: Russia and the People's Republic of China agree to de-target their nuclear weapons against each other.
- 1997 – Vietnam Airlines Flight 815 (Tupolev TU-134) crashes on approach into Phnom Penh airport, killing 64.
- 1999 – An 87-automobile pile-up happens on Highway 401 freeway just East of Windsor, Ontario, Canada after an unusually thick fog from Lake St. Clair.
- 2004 – Beslan school hostage crisis – day 3: the Beslan hostage crisis ends with the deaths of over 300 people, more than half of which are children.
Births[link]
- 1034 – Emperor Go-Sanjō of Japan (d. 1073)
- 1499 – Diane de Poitiers, French noblewoman and mistress of King Henry II of France (d. 1566)
- 1568 – Adriano Banchieri, Italian composer (d. 1634)
- 1675 – Paul Dudley, Attorney-General of Massachusetts (d. 1751)
- 1693 – Charles Radclyffe, British politician (d. 1746)
- 1695 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (d. 1764)
- 1710 – Abraham Trembley, Swiss naturalist (d. 1784)
- 1724 – Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, British soldier and Governor of Quebec (d. 1808)
- 1760 – James 'Pearlie' Wilson, Scottish revolutionary (d. 1820)
- 1781 – Eugène de Beauharnais, French nobleman, son of Joséphine de Beauharnais and adoptive son of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1824)
- 1810 – Paul Kane, Canadian painter (d. 1871)
- 1811 – John Humphrey Noyes, American political and religious figure (d. 1886)
- 1820 – George Hearst, American businessman, father of William Randolph Hearst (d. 1891)
- 1841 – Tom Emmett, England cricketer (d. 1904)
- 1849 – Sarah Orne Jewett, American writer (d. 1909)
- 1851 – Olga Konstantinovna of Russia, Queen of Greece (d. 1926)
- 1856 – Louis Sullivan, American architect (d. 1924)
- 1856 – Robert Stewart, South African cricketer (d. 1913)
- 1869 – Fritz Pregl, Slovenian chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1930)
- 1875 – Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian automotive engineer (d. 1951)
- 1882 – Johnny Douglas, England cricketer and boxer (d. 1930)
- 1887 – Frank Christian, American trumpeter (d. 1973)
- 1897 – Sally Benson, American writer (d. 1972)
- 1899 – Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Australian biologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1985)
- 1900 – Maurice Dobb, British economist (d. 1976)
- 1900 – Urho Kekkonen, Finnish politician (d. 1986)
- 1900 – Percy Chapman, England cricketer (d. 1961)
- 1901 – Eduard van Beinum, Dutch conductor (d. 1959)
- 1905 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1991)
- 1905 – John Mills, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1972)
- 1907 – Loren Eiseley, American anthropologist (d. 1977)
- 1908 – Lev Semenovich Pontryagin, Russian mathematician (d. 1988)
- 1910 – Kitty Carlisle, American actress and television personality (d. 2007)
- 1910 – Maurice Papon, French Nazi collaborator (d. 2007)
- 1911 – Bernard Mammes, American cyclist (d. 2000)
- 1913 – Alan Ladd, American actor (d. 1964)
- 1914 – Dixy Lee Ray, American politician (d. 1994)
- 1914 – Memphis Slim, American blues pianist, born John Len Chatman (d. 1988)
- 1916 – Eddie Stanky, American baseball player (d. 1999)
- 1918 – Helen Wagner, American actress (d. 2010)
- 1920 – Les Medley, English footballer (d. 2001)
- 1921 – Marguerite Higgins, American reporter and war correspondent, Pulitzer Prize winner (d. 1966)
- 1921 – Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (d. 1971)
- 1923 – Mort Walker, American cartoonist (Beetle Bailey, Hi and Lois)
- 1925 – Bengt Lindström, Swedish outdoor artist (d. 2008)
- 1925 – Shoista Mullojonova, Tajikistani Shashmakom singer (d. 2010)
- 1925 – Hank Thompson, American singer (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Anne Jackson, American actress
- 1926 – Alison Lurie, American novelist
- 1926 – Irene Papas, Greek actress
- 1928 – Gaston Thorn, Luxembourg politician, 8th Prime Minister of Luxembourg and 7th President of the European Commission (d. 2007)
- 1929 – James J. Bulger, former crime boss who led the Winter Hill Gang based in Massachusetts.
- 1929 – Carlo Clerici, Swiss cyclist (d. 2007)
- 1929 – Armand Vaillancourt, Canadian sculptor and painter
- 1930 – Cherry Wilder, New Zealand science fiction and fantasy writer (d. 2002)
- 1931 – Albert DeSalvo, American serial killer (accused to be the "Boston Strangler") (d. 1973)
- 1931 – Dick Motta, American basketball coach
- 1932 – Eileen Brennan, American actress
- 1933 – Tompall Glaser, American singer
- 1933 – Basil Butcher, West Indian cricketer
- 1934 – Freddie King, American blues guitarist and singer (d. 1976)
- 1935 – Helmut Clasen, Canadian offroad racer
- 1936 – Pilar Pallete, Peruvian actress and third wife of American movie star John Wayne
- 1936 – Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia
- 1938 – Caryl Churchill, English playwright
- 1938 – Ryōji Noyori, Japanese chemist, Nobel laureate
- 1940 – Eduardo Galeano, Uruguayan journalist
- 1940 – Pauline Collins, English actress
- 1941 – Sergei Dovlatov, Russian writer (d. 1990)
- 1942 – Al Jardine, American guitarist (The Beach Boys)
- 1942 – John Shrapnel, English actor
- 1943 – Valerie Perrine, American actress
- 1943 – Frank Lister, English footballer
- 1945 – George Biondo, bass guitarist and songwriter (Steppenwolf)
- 1947 – Eric Bell, Irish guitarist (Thin Lizzy)
- 1947 – Kjell Magne Bondevik, Norwegian politician
- 1948 – Fotis Kouvelis, Greek lawyer and politician
- 1948 – Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (d. 2008)
- 1948 – Don Brewer, drummer and singer with Grand Funk Railroad
- 1949 – Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria, Cypriot-born 129th Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa (d. 2004)
- 1949 – José Pekerman, Argentine football manager
- 1950 – Doug Pinnick, American bassist and singer (King's X)
- 1951 – Denys Hobson, South African cricketer
- 1953 – Jean-Pierre Jeunet, French film director
- 1955 – Steve Jones, English guitarist (Sex Pistols)
- 1956 – Pat McGeown, Northern Irish Provisional Irish Republican Army member (d. 1996)
- 1957 – Garth Ancier, American television executive
- 1957 – Earl Cureton, American basketball player
- 1957 – Steve Schirripa, American actor
- 1959 – Merritt Butrick, American actor (d. 1989)
- 1962 – Costas Mandylor, Australian actor
- 1963 – Mubarak Ghanim, United Arab Emirates footballer
- 1963 – Malcolm Gladwell, Canadian journalist and author
- 1963 – Amber Lynn, American porn star
- 1964 – Adam Curry, American Internet entrepreneur and MTV VJ
- 1964 – Spike Feresten, American television writer
- 1964 – Junaid Jamshed, Pakistani singer
- 1964 – Holt McCallany, American actor
- 1964 – Nigel Rhodes, English actor
- 1965 – Charlie Sheen, American actor
- 1966 – Vladimir Ryzhkov, Russian politician
- 1967 – Chris Gatling, American basketball player
- 1969 – Noah Baumbach, American film director
- 1969 – John Fugelsang, American actor
- 1969 – Marianna Komlos, Canadian bodybuilder, fitness model, professional wrestler and valet (d. 2004)
- 1970 – Jeremy Glick, American United Airlines Flight 93 passenger (d. 2001)
- 1970 – George Lynch, American basketball player
- 1970 – Gareth Southgate, English footballer
- 1971 – Kiran Desai, Indian writer
- 1971 – Chabeli Iglesias, Spanish journalist
- 1971 – Trevor St. John, American actor
- 1972 – Christine Boudrias, Canadian short track speed skater
- 1972 – Natalia Estrada, Spanish model and actress
- 1972 – Martin Straka, Czech ice hockey player
- 1973 – Norihiko Hibino, Japanese composer
- 1973 – Jennifer Paige, American singer-songwriter
- 1973 – Damon Stoudamire, American basketball player
- 1973 – Zita Urbonaitė, Lithuanian road cyclist (d. 2008)
- 1974 – Clare Kramer, American actress
- 1974 – Rahul Sanghvi, Indian cricketer
- 1975 – Cristobal Huet, French ice hockey player
- 1975 – Daniel Chan, Hong Kong Celebrity
- 1976 – Ashley Jones, American actress
- 1976 – Jevon Kearse, American football player
- 1976 – Vivek Oberoi, Indian actor
- 1977 – Rui Marques, Angolan footballer
- 1977 – Olof Mellberg, Swedish footballer
- 1977 – Nate Robertson, American baseball player
- 1978 – John Curtis, English footballer
- 1978 – Paul Moor, English ten-pin bowler
- 1978 – Michal Rozsival, Czech ice hockey player
- 1978 – Nick Wechsler, American actor
- 1978 – Valfar, Norwegian vocalist (Windir) (d. 2004)
- 1979 – Tomo Miličević, Bosnian-born American guitarist (30 Seconds to Mars)
- 1979 – Tiffany Chapman, English actress
- 1980 – The B.G., American rapper
- 1980 – Daniel Ruben Bilos, Argentinian footballer
- 1980 – Jason McCaslin ("Cone"), Canadian bassist (Sum 41)
- 1980 – Jennie Finch, American softball player
- 1981 – Fearne Cotton, British television presenter
- 1982 – Andrew McMahon, American singer and songwriter
- 1982 – Kaori Natori, Japanese singer and model
- 1982 – Sarah Burke, Canadian freestyle skier (d. 2012)
- 1982 – Tiago Rannow, Brazilian footballer
- 1983 – Augusto Farfus, Brazilian racing driver
- 1983 – Nicky Hunt, English footballer
- 1983 – Marcus McCauley, American football player
- 1983 – Valdas Vasylius, Lithuanian basketball player
- 1983 – Christine Woods, American actress
- 1984 – Garrett Hedlund, American actor
- 1984 – Seo In-Young, South Korean singer
- 1985 – Scott Carson, English footballer
- 1985 – Kelvin Wilson, English footballer
- 1986 – Shaun White, American snowboarder and skateboarder
- 1987 – Chris Fountain, English actor
- 1987 – James Neal, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1988 – Jérôme Boateng Ghanaian-German football player
- 1993 – Rina Koike, Japanese junior idol
Deaths[link]
- 264 – Sun Xiu, third emperor of Eastern Wu
- 863 – Umar al-Aqta, Emir of Melitene (birth year unknown)
- 1402 – Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan (b. 1351)
- 1420 – Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, regent of Scotland (b. c. 1340)
- 1592 – Robert Greene, English author (b. 1558)
- 1634 – Edward Coke, English jurist and Member of Parliament (b. 1552)
- 1653 – Claudius Salmasius, French classical scholar (b. 1588)
- 1658 – Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England (b. 1599)
- 1662 – William Lenthall, English politician (b. 1591)
- 1720 – Henri de Massue, Earl of Galway, French soldier and diplomat (b. 1648)
- 1722 – Ivan Skoropadsky, Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks (b. 1646)
- 1729 – Jean Hardouin, French scholar (b. 1646)
- 1766 – Archibald Bower, Scottish historian (b. 1686)
- 1808 – John Montgomery, American Continental congressman (b. 1722)
- 1857 – John McLoughlin, Canadian trapper (b. 1784)
- 1860 – Aleksey Khomyakov, Russian poet (b. 1804)
- 1866 – Konstantin Flavitsky, Russian painter (b. 1830)
- 1883 – Ivan Turgenev, Russian novelist and playwright (b. 1818)
- 1886 – William W. Snow, American politician (b. 1812)
- 1893 – James Harrison, Scottish-born Australian newspaper printer, journalist, politician and pioneer in the field of mechanical refrigeration (b. 1816)
- 1903 – Joseph Skipsey, British poet (b. 1832)
- 1906 – Mihály Kolossa, Hungarian Slovene writer (b. 1846)
- 1914 – Albéric Magnard, French composer (b. 1865)
- 1936 – Nikita Balieff, Armenian vaudevillian and impresario (b. 1876 or 1877)
- 1948 – Edvard Beneš, 2nd President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1884)
- 1954 – Marika Kotopouli, Greek actress (b. 1887)
- 1961 – Robert E. Gross, American businessman (b. 1897)
- 1962 – E. E. Cummings, American poet (b. 1894)
- 1963 – Louis MacNeice, Irish poet (b. 1907)
- 1964 – Stewart Holbrook, American writer (b. 1893)
- 1967 – James Dunn, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1967 – Francis Ouimet, American golfer and businessman(b.1893)
- 1968 – Isabel Withers, American actress (b. 1896)
- 1969 – John Lester, American cricketer (b. 1871)
- 1970 – Vince Lombardi, American football coach (b. 1913)
- 1970 – Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson, American singer and gutarist (Canned Heat) (b. 1943)
- 1974 – Harry Partch, American composer (b. 1901)
- 1978 – Karin Molander, Swedish actress (b. 1889)
- 1980 – Dirch Passer, Danish actor (b. 1926)
- 1980 – Duncan Renaldo, American actor (b. 1904)
- 1981 – Alec Waugh, English writer (b. 1898)
- 1983 – Ellie Lambeti, Greek actress (b. 1926)
- 1985 – Johnny Marks, American singer (b. 1909)
- 1986 – Beryl Markham, Kenyan horse trainer, adventurer, aviatrix and memoir writer (b. 1902)
- 1987 – Morton Feldman, American composer (b. 1926)
- 1989 – Gaetano Scirea, Italian footballer (b. 1953)
- 1991 – Frank Capra, American film director (b. 1897)
- 1994 – James T. Aubrey, American television executive (b. 1918)
- 1994 – Major Lance, American singer (b. 1939)
- 1994 – Billy Wright, English footballer (b. 1924)
- 1996 – Emily Kngwarreye, Australian painter (b. 1910)
- 2000 – Edward Anhalt, American screenwriter (b. 1914)
- 2001 – Pauline Kael, American film critic (b. 1919)
- 2001 – Thuy Trang, Vietnamese-born American actress (b. 1973)
- 2002 – Kenneth Hare, Canadian climatologist and academic (b. 1919)
- 2002 – W. Clement Stone, American entrepreneur (b. 1902)
- 2003 – Paul Jennings Hill, American anti-abortion murderer (b. 1954)
- 2005 – R. S. R. Fitter, British ornithologist and botanist (b. 1913)
- 2005 – William Rehnquist, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1924)
- 2007 – Carter Albrecht, American keyboardist and guitarist (Edie Brickell & New Bohemians) (b. 1973)
- 2007 – Syd Jackson, New Zealand Māori activist and trade unionist (b. 1939)
- 2007 – Steve Ryan, American actor (b. 1947)
- 2007 – Jane Tomlinson, British charity fund raiser (b. 1964)
- 2008 – Donald Blakeslee, American World War II aviator (b. 1917)
- 2010 – Noah Howard, American jazz musician (b. 1943)
- 2010 – Robert Schimmel, American stand-up comedian (b. 1950)
Holidays and observances[link]
- China's victory over Japan commemoration related observances:
- Christian Feast Day:
- Feast of San Marino and the Republic, celebrates the foundation of the Republic of San Marino in 301.
- Flag Day (Australia)
- Independence Day, celebrates the second independence of Qatar from Great Britain in 1971.
- Levy Mwanawasa Day (Zambia)
- Memorial Day (Tunisia)
- Merchant Navy Remembrance Day (Canada)
External links[link]
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_3
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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 Messi playing for Barcelona |
||||||||||||
| Personal information | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Lionel Andrés Messi[1] | |||||||||||
| Date of birth | (1987-06-24) 24 June 1987 (age 25)[1] | |||||||||||
| Place of birth | Rosario, Argentina[1] | |||||||||||
| Height | 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)[1] | |||||||||||
| Playing position | Forward | |||||||||||
| Club information | ||||||||||||
| Current club | Barcelona | |||||||||||
| Number | 10 | |||||||||||
| Youth career | ||||||||||||
| 1995–2000 | Newell's Old Boys | |||||||||||
| 2000–2003 | Barcelona | |||||||||||
| Senior career* | ||||||||||||
| Years | Team | Apps† | (Gls)† | |||||||||
| 2003–2004 | Barcelona C | 8 | (5) | |||||||||
| 2004–2005 | Barcelona B | 22 | (6) | |||||||||
| 2004– | Barcelona | 214 | (169) | |||||||||
| National team‡ | ||||||||||||
| 2005 | Argentina U20 | 16 | (11) | |||||||||
| 2008 | Argentina U23 | 5 | (2) | |||||||||
| 2005– | Argentina | 68 | (22) | |||||||||
|
Honours
|
||||||||||||
| * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 22:30, 13 May 2012 (UTC). † Appearances (Goals). |
||||||||||||
Lionel Andrés Messi (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi], born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who plays in La Liga for FC Barcelona and is the captain of the Argentina national team, mainly as a forward.
By the age of 21, Messi had received Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations. The following year in 2009 he won both the Ballon d'Or[2] and FIFA World Player of the Year, and won the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2010 and 2011.[3] He also won the 2010–11 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award. Messi is the fourth football player to win three Ballons d'Or, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballons d'Or, after Michel Platini. His playing style and small stature have drawn comparisons to Diego Maradona, who himself declared Messi as his "successor".[4][5]
Messi has won five La Liga titles and three Champions League titles. In 2012, Messi made UEFA Champions League history by becoming the first player to score five goals in one match, in a 7–1 win against Bayer Leverkusen.[6] With two goals in the next round against A.C. Milan, he matched José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single UEFA Champions League/European Cup season.[7] He also became the first player to top-score in four successive European Champion Clubs' Cup campaigns.[8][9] He set the world record for most goals scored in a season during the 2011–12 season, with 73 goals.[10]
Messi was the top scorer of the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship with six goals. In 2006, he became the youngest Argentine to play in the FIFA World Cup and he won a runners-up medal at the Copa América tournament the following year. In 2008, he won his first international honour, an Olympic gold medal, with the Argentina Olympic football team.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Messi was born in Rosario, Santa Fe Province, to parents Jorge Horacio Messi, a factory steel worker, and Celia María Cuccittini, a part-time cleaner.[11][12][13][14] His paternal family originates from the Italian city of Ancona, from which his ancestor, Angelo Messi, emigrated to Argentina in 1883.[15][16] He has two older brothers, Rodrigo and Matías, and a sister, María Sol.[17] At the age of five, Messi started playing football for Grandoli, a local club coached by his father Jorge.[18] In 1995, Messi switched to Newell's Old Boys who were based in his home city Rosario.[18] At the age of 11, he was diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency.[19] Local powerhouse River Plate showed interest in Messi's progress, but did not have enough money to pay for treatment for his condition, which cost $900 a month.[14] Carles Rexach, the sporting director of FC Barcelona, had been made aware of his talent as Messi had relatives in Lleida, Catalonia, and Messi and his father were able to arrange a trial with the team.[14] Rexach, with no other paper at hand, offered Messi a contract written on a paper napkin.[20][21] Barcelona offered to pay for Messi's medical bills if he was willing to move to Spain. Messi and his father moved to Barcelona where Messi enrolled in the club's youth academy.[18][21]
Club career[link]
Barcelona[link]
Messi played in Barcelona's junior Infantil B and Cadete B & A teams from 2000 to 2003 (scoring 37 goals in 30 matches in Cadete A). Season 2003–04 saw him on a record[22] five different teams: He started one match in Juvenil B (one goal) and got promoted to Juvenil A (14 matches, 21 goals). Later he debuted for FC Barcelona C team (Tercera División) on 29 November 2003 and for FC Barcelona B (Segunda División B) on 6 March 2004. He played for both teams during the season (eight matches, five goals and five games, zero goals, respectively).[23][24][25] Even before these two debuts, Messi made his official debut for the first-team on 16 November 2003 aged 16 years and 145 days, in a friendly match against Porto.[26][27]
Less than a year after his start, Frank Rijkaard gave him his league debut against RCD Espanyol on 16 October 2004 (at 17 years and 114 days), becoming the third-youngest player ever to play for Barcelona and youngest club player who played in La Liga, which would be broken by Bojan Krkić in September 2007. When he scored his first senior goal for the club against Albacete Balompié on 1 May 2005, Messi was 17 years, ten months and seven days old, becoming the youngest to ever score in a La Liga game for Barcelona[28] until it was again broken by Bojan Krkić in 2007, scoring from a Messi assist.[29] Messi said about his ex-coach Rijkaard: "I'll never forget the fact that he launched my career, that he had confidence in me while I was only sixteen or seventeen."[30] During the season, Messi played also in Barcelona B (Segunda División B) scoring 6 goals in 17 matches.
2005–06 season[link]
On 16 September, for the second time in three months, Barcelona announced an update to Messi's contract; this time it was improved to pay him as a first team member and extended until June 2014.[18] Messi obtained Spanish citizenship on 26 September 2005[31] and was finally able to make his debut in the season's Spanish First Division. Messi's first home outing in the Champions League came on 27 September against Italian club Udinese.[26] Fans at Barcelona's stadium, the Camp Nou, gave Messi a standing ovation upon his substitution, as his composure on the ball and passing combinations with Ronaldinho had paid dividends for Barcelona.[32]
Messi netted six goals in 17 league appearances, and scored one Champions League goal in six. His season ended prematurely on 7 March 2006, however, when he suffered a muscle tear in his right thigh during the second leg of the second round Champions League tie against Chelsea.[33] Rijkaard's Barcelona ended the season as champions of Spain and Europe.[34][35]
2006–07 season[link]
In the 2006–07 season, Messi established himself as a regular first team player, scoring 14 times in 26 matches.[36] On 12 November, in the game against Real Zaragoza, Messi suffered a broken metatarsal, ruling him out for three months.[37][38] On 11 March, El Clásico saw Messi in top form, scoring a hat-trick to earn 10-man Barcelona a 3–3 draw, equalising three times, with the final equaliser coming in injury time.[39] In doing so he became the first player since Iván Zamorano (for Real Madrid in the 1994–95 season) to score a hat-trick in El Clásico.[40] Messi is also the youngest player ever to have scored in this fixture. Towards the end of the season he began finding the net more often; 11 of his 14 league goals for the season came from the last 13 games.[41]
Messi also proved the "new Maradona" tag was not all hype, by nearly replicating Maradona's most famous goals in the space of the single season.[42] On 18 April 2007, he scored two goals during a Copa del Rey semi-final against Getafe CF, one of which was very similar to Maradona's famous goal against England at the 1986 World Cup in Mexico, known as the Goal of the Century.[43] The world's sports press drew comparisons with Maradona, and the Spanish press labelled Messi as "Messidona".[44] He ran about the same distance, 62 metres (203 ft), beat the same number of players (six, including the goalkeeper), scored from a very similar position, and ran towards the corner flag just as Maradona did in Mexico 21 years before.[42] In a press conference after the game, Messi's team-mate Deco said: "It was the best goal I have ever seen in my life."[45] Against RCD Espanyol Messi also scored a goal which was remarkably similar to Maradona's 'Hand of God' goal against England in the World Cup quarter-finals. Messi launched himself at the ball and connected with his hand to guide the ball past the goalkeeper Carlos Kameni.[46] Despite protests by Espanyol players and replays showing it was clear handball, the goal stood.[46]
2007–08 season[link]
On 27 February, Messi played in his 100th official match for Barcelona against Valencia.[47]
Messi was nominated for a FIFPro World XI Player Award under the category of Forward.[48] A poll conducted in the online edition of the Spanish newspaper Marca had him as the best player in the world with 77 percent of the vote.[49] Columnists from Barcelona-based newspapers El Mundo Deportivo and Sport stated that the Ballon d'Or should be given to Messi, a view supported by Franz Beckenbauer.[50] Football personalities such as Francesco Totti have declared that they consider Messi to be one of the current best footballers in the world.[51]
Messi was sidelined for six weeks following an injury on 4 March when he suffered a muscle tear in his left thigh during a Champions League match against Celtic. It was the fourth time in three seasons that Messi suffered this type of injury.[52] When the season was over Messi managed to score 16 goals and assisted 13 times in all competition.
2008–09 season[link]
Upon Ronaldinho's departure from the club, Messi inherited his number 10 jersey.[53] During this season he placed second in the 2008 FIFA World Player of the Year awards with 678 points.
Messi scored his first hat-trick of 2009 in a Copa del Rey tie against Atlético Madrid which Barcelona won 3–1.[54] Messi scored another important double on 1 February 2009, coming on as a second half substitute to help Barcelona defeat Racing Santander 1–2 after being 1–0 down. The second of the two strikes was Barcelona's 5000th league goal.[55] On 8 April 2009, he scored twice against Bayern Munich in the Champions League, setting a personal record of eight goals in the competition.[56]
As Barcelona's season was drawing to a close, Messi scored twice (his 35th and 36th goals in all competitions) to cap a 6–2 win over Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu[57] in what was Real's heaviest defeat since 1930.[58] He won his first Copa del Rey on 13 May, scoring one goal and assisting another two, in a 4–1 victory over Athletic Bilbao.[59] He helped his team win the double by winning La Liga. On 27 May he helped Barcelona win the Champions League by scoring a second goal in the 70th minute giving Barcelona a two goal lead; he also became the top scorer in the Champions League, the youngest in the tournament's history, with nine goals.[60] Messi also won the UEFA Club Forward of the Year: and the UEFA Club Footballer of the Year rounding off a spectacular year in Europe.[61] This victory meant Barcelona had won the Copa del Rey, La Liga and Champions League in the one season,[62] and was the first time a Spanish club had ever won the treble.[63]
2009–10 season[link]
—Diego Maradona, on the consequences if Messi won the 2010 World Cup[64]
After winning the 2009 UEFA Super Cup, Barcelona manager Josep Guardiola asserted that Messi was probably the best player he had ever seen.[65] On 18 September, Messi signed a new contract with Barcelona, running until 2016 and with a buy-out clause of €250 million included, making Messi, along with Zlatan Ibrahimović, the highest paid players in La Liga, with earnings of around €9.5 million yearly.[66][67]
Messi was named winner of the 2009 Ballon d'Or on 1 December 2009, beating runner-up Cristiano Ronaldo by largest ever margin of 473 to 233.[68][69][70]
On 19 December, Messi scored the winner in the final of the 2009 Club World Cup against Estudiantes in Abu Dhabi, giving the club their sixth title of the year.[71] Two days later, he was given the FIFA World Player of the Year award,[72] beating Cristiano Ronaldo, Xavi, Kaká and Andrés Iniesta to the award. This was the first time he had won the award, and he became the first Argentinian to ever receive this honour.[73] On 10 January 2010, Messi scored his first hat-trick in 2010 and his first hat-trick of the season against CD Tenerife in the 0–5 victory,[74] and on 17 January he scored his 100th goal for the club in the 4–0 victory over Sevilla.[75]
Messi scored a hat-trick against Valencia CF in a 3–0 home win,[76] and finally he scored another hat-trick against Zaragoza in a 4–2 away win,[77] becoming the first Barcelona player to score back-to-back hat-tricks in La Liga.[78] He played his 200th official match for Barcelona against Osasuna on 24 March 2010.[79]
"Once he's on the run, Messi is unstoppable. He's the only player who can change direction at such a pace."
"He is the best player in the world by some distance. He's (like) a PlayStation. He can take advantage of every mistake we make."
On 6 April 2010, for the first time in Messi's career he scored four goals in a single match, netting the lot in a 4–1 home win over Arsenal in the Champions League quarter-final second leg.[82][83] This also saw him overtake Rivaldo as Barcelona's all time greatest scorer in the competition.[84] In the final league match of the season against Valladolid, he scored two goals in the second half to tie Ronaldo's club record of 34 goals in a single league season, set in 1996–97,[85][86] and to finish four goals behind the all-time record held by Telmo Zarra.[87] He was named La Liga player of the year for the second year in a row on 3 June 2010.[88]
2010–11 season[link]
On 21 August 2010, Messi scored a hat-trick in his first start of the season in a 4–0 victory over Sevilla FC in the Supercopa de España, helping Barcelona secure their first trophy of the season after a 1–3 first leg loss.[89]
On 19 September 2010, Messi suffered an ankle injury due to an ill-advised tackle by Atlético Madrid defender Tomáš Ujfaluši in the 92nd minute of their Round 3 match at the Vicente Calderón Stadium. At first sight it was feared that Messi suffered a broken ankle that could have kept the star player away from the pitch for a minimum of six months, but MRI performed the next day in Barcelona showed he suffered a sprain in the internal and external ligaments of his right ankle.[90] Team-mate David Villa stated "the tackle on Messi was brutal" after watching the video of the play and also added that he believed the Atlético defender "didn't go into the tackle to hurt".[91] The incident caused widespread media attention and brought up the debate of equality in protecting all players in the game.
Against Almería Messi scored his second hat-trick of the season in an impressive 8–0 away win, the second of which was his 100th La Liga goal.[92]
Messi won the 2010 FIFA Ballon d'Or, beating his Barcelona teammates Xavi and Iniesta.[93] Messi had been nominated for the awards for the fourth consecutive year.[94] On 5 February, Barcelona broke the record for most consecutive league wins with 16 victories after they defeated Atlético Madrid 3–0 at the Camp Nou.[95] Lionel Messi scored a hat-trick to ensure the victory for his side and after the match he stated, "it's an honor to be able to pass a record set by a great like Di Stéfano" and "if the record has been around for so long is because it's very complicated to achieve and we have reached it by defeating a very difficult team who's going through a bad situation, which makes it even more difficult."[96]
After failing to score for a month he scored a brace against UD Almería; the second goal was his 47th of the season, equalling his club record return of the previous season.[97] He surpassed his record on 12 April 2011 by scoring the winner against Shakhtar Donetsk in a UEFA Champions League game, which put him in the record book as all time top scorer in a single season for Barcelona.[98] He scored his eighth goal on El Clásico on a 1–1 tie at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. On 23 April, Messi scored his 50th goal of the season against CA Osasuna in a 2–0 home victory which he came on as a substitute in the 60th minute.[99] He finished the season by winning La Liga and scoring 31 goals.
On 20 April, Barcelona were defeated by arch-rivals Real Madrid in the 2011 Copa del Rey Final. Messi set up a goal for Pedro, which was however ruled offside. Cristiano Ronaldo scored the only goal of the match in extra time. Messi was however the joint top-scorer of the tournament along with Cristiano Ronaldo, with 7 goals.[100] [101][101]
In the first leg of the Champions League semi-finals, he gave a memorable performance, scoring twice against Real Madrid in a 2–0 win, the second goal (a dribble past several players) being acclaimed as one of the best ever at that stage of the competition.[102][103] At the Champions League Final at Wembley, Messi scored the eventual game-clinching goal to give Barcelona their third title in six years and fourth overall.[104] This was also Messi's 12th goal in the Champions League that season, which allowed him to tie Ruud Van Nistelrooy's record of 12 goals in a single European Cup season, after it was re-established as the UEFA Champions League, in 1992.[101] The overall record of goals scored in a single European Cup Season, is José Altafini's record of 14 goals, which Messi did however equal in the following season.[101] Messi finished the 2010-11 season with 53 goals in all competitions.
2011–12 season[link]
Messi started the season by lifting the Spanish Supercup with Barcelona, scoring three goals and providing two assists in a 5–4 aggregate win against Real Madrid.[105] His vital interventions continued in the next official match played against Porto when he scored again following a weak back pass from Fredy Guarín before setting up Cesc Fàbregas to give Barcelona a 2–0 victory and the UEFA Super Cup,[106] then the only official competition that remained for him to score in.[107]
After scoring his first goal of an eventual hat-trick in an 8–0 rout against Osasuna, Messi produced a special celebration for Soufian, a 10-year-old Moroccan boy with Laurin Sandrow syndrome, a rare medical condition that can eventually lead to the loss of the lower extremities. Whilst Messi usually points to the sky after scoring a goal, Messi slapped his thighs as a dedication to Soufian.[108]
In August, Messi became the second highest goalscorer surpassing László Kubala on 194 goals, being behind only to César Rodríguez on 232 goals in all official competitions.[109]
On 28 September, Messi scored his first two Champions League goals of the season against BATE Borisov,[110] becoming Barcelona's second highest goalscorer in its history, tying László Kubala, at 194 goals in all official competitions.[111] He surpassed that record when he scored two goals against Racing Santander.[112] He became second in Barcelona's La Liga goalscorers list with 132 goals, one more than Kubala.[113] He scored his 200th Barcelona goal and two more as part of a hat-trick in his next game against Viktoria Plzeň in the Champions League.[114]
Messi scored a brace in the Club World Cup Final against Santos and was recognized as the man of the match and also awarded the Golden Ball for his performance during the tournament.[115]
Messi won the 2011 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award, beating his Barcelona team-mate Xavi Hernández and Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo. Messi won the 2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or, again beating his team-mate Xavi and Cristiano Ronaldo. By winning the FIFA Ballon d'Or again, Messi become the fourth player to win three Ballon d'Ors, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco Van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballon d'Ors, after Michel Platini (although two of his Ballon d'Ors are FIFA Ballon d'Ors, which he won consecutively).
On 19 February 2012, Messi, on his 200th La Liga appearance, scored four goals against Valencia in a 5–1 win.[116] On 7 March, Messi became the first player to score five goals in an UEFA Champions League match since the tournament's re-establishment in 1992, helping the defending champions Barcelona win 7–1 against Bayer Leverkusen.[117]
On 20 March, Messi scored three goals against Granada, making him FC Barcelona's leading goalscorer in official competitions, surpassing club legend César Rodríguez, who had previously held the record with 232.[118]
On 3 April, Messi scored two goals from penalty kicks against Milan in the second leg of the Champions League Quarter-final, allowing him to surpass his personal record, joint with Ruud van Nistelrooy, of 12 goals in a single UEFA Champions League season. These goals allowed him to tie José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single European Cup season in the 1962–63 season, before the tournament's re-establishment as the UEFA Champions League in 1992.[101] Barcelona were knocked out in the semi-finals to eventual winners Chelsea.
On 11 April, Messi scored his 61th goal against Getafe, surpassing Isidro Langara's record of 60 goals in 1933–34, and became the best goalscorer in history in one season in Spain.[citation needed]
On 2 May, Messi scored a hat-trick against Málaga surpassing Gerd Müller's record (67 goals in 1972-73) with 68 goals, and thus becoming the best goalscorer in history in one season in Europe.[119] It was the 21st multi-goal game of the season for Messi and his seventh La Liga hat-trick.[120] He then scored four goals on 5 May against Espanyol to take his tally to an unprecedented 72 goals, in the process becoming only the second player to pass 70 goals in a first division season since Archie Stark of Bethlehem Steel in the American Soccer League in 1924–25.[121]
On 25 May, he scored again in the 2012 Copa del Rey Final, helping Barcelona win their 26th Spanish Cup title, and increasing his seasonal goalscoring record to an unmatched 73 goals in all competitions.[122] [123] This was also Guardiola's last match as Barcelona's manager, and the Cup win marked Messi's second Copa del Rey title, after losing the final the year before, as well as his 14th Barcelona trophy during Guardiola's 4 seasons at the club. Although Barcelona failed to win their 4th consecutive Liga title under Guardiola, finishing runners up to arch-rivals Real Madrid, Messi finished the 2011–12 season as the top goalscorer in La Liga for a second time, with a Liga record of 50 goals. He also ended the season as the UEFA Champions' League Top Scorer for a fourth consecutive time, with 14 goals.[124]
International career[link]
Often referred to as an Argentinian-Spanish player, this crossover was brought into sharp focus when in 2004, Lionel was offered the chance to play for the Spanish national U-20 team. He declined the offer given his Argentinian heritage, and was given the opportunity to play for Argentina's U-20 team in a friendly match against Paraguay in June 2004.[125] In 2005 he was part of a team that finished 3rd in 2005 South American Youth Championship in Colombia. He won the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship in the Netherlands with the team and won the Golden Ball and the Golden Shoe,[126] scoring in the last four of Argentina's matches and netting a total of six for the tournament.
He made his full international debut on 17 August 2005 against Hungary at the age of 18. He was substituted on during the 63rd minute, but was sent off on the 65th minute because the referee, Markus Merk, claimed that Messi had allegedly elbowed defender Vilmos Vanczák, who was tugging Messi's shirt. The decision was contentious and Maradona even claimed the decision was pre-meditated. Messi was later reportedly found weeping in the changing rooms after the decision.[127][128] Messi returned to the team on 3 September in Argentina's 1–0 World Cup qualifier away defeat to Paraguay. Ahead of the match he had said "This is a re-debut. The first one was a bit short."[129] He then started his first game for Argentina against Peru, in which he was able to win a crucial penalty for Argentina; after the match Pekerman described Messi as "a jewel".[130]
On 28 March 2009, in a World Cup Qualifier against Venezuela, Messi wore the number 10 jersey for the first time with Argentina. This match was the first official match for Diego Maradona as the Argentina manager. Argentina won the match 4–0 with Messi opening the scoring.[131]
On 17 November 2010, Messi scored a last-minute goal against South American rivals Brazil after an individual effort to help his team to a 1–0 win in the friendly match, which was held in Doha. This was the first time that he had scored against Brazil at senior level.[132] Messi scored another last-minute goal on 9 February 2011 against Portugal in a penalty kick which gave his side a 2–1 victory in the friendly match, which was held in Geneva, Switzerland.[133] His first hat-trick for Albiceleste came against Switzerland, on 29 February 2012 which the game ended 3–1 for Argentina.[134]
2006 World Cup[link]
The injury that kept Messi from playing for two months at the end of the 2005–06 season jeopardised his presence in the 2006 World Cup. Nevertheless, Messi was selected in the Argentina squad for the tournament on 15 May 2006. He also played in the final match before the World Cup against the Argentine U-20 team for 15 minutes and a friendly match against Angola from the 64th minute.[135][136] He witnessed Argentina's opening match victory against Ivory Coast from the substitute's bench.[137] In the next match against Serbia and Montenegro, Messi became the youngest player to represent Argentina at a World Cup when he came on as a substitute for Maxi Rodríguez in the 74th minute. He assisted Hernán Crespo's goal within minutes of entering the game and also scored the final goal in the 6–0 victory, making him the youngest scorer in the tournament and the sixth youngest goalscorer in the history of the World Cup.[138] Messi started in Argentina's following 0–0 draw against the Netherlands.[139] In the following game against Mexico, Messi came on as a substitute in the 84th minute, with the score tied at 1–1. He appeared to score a goal, but it was ruled offside with Argentina needing a late goal in extra time to proceed.[140][141] Coach José Pekerman left Messi on the bench during the quarter-final match against Germany, which they lost 4–2 on a penalty shootout.[142]
2007 Copa América[link]
Messi played his first game in the 2007 Copa América on 29 June 2007, when Argentina defeated United States 4–1 in the first game. In this game, he showed his capabilities as a playmaker. He set up a goal for fellow striker Hernán Crespo and had numerous shots on target. Tevez came on as a substitute for Messi in the 79th minute and scored minutes later.[143]
His second game was against Colombia, in which he won a penalty that Crespo converted to tie the game at 1–1. He also played a part in Argentina's second goal as he was fouled outside the box, which allowed Juan Roman Riquelme to score from a freekick, and increase Argentina's lead to 3–1. The final score of the game was 4–2 in Argentina's favor and guaranteed them a spot in the tournament's quarterfinals.[144]
In the third game, against Paraguay the coach rested Messi having already qualified for the quarter-finals. He came off the bench in place of Esteban Cambiasso in the 64th minute, with the score at 0–0. In the 79th minute, he assisted a goal for Javier Mascherano.[145] In the quarter-finals, as Argentina faced Peru, Messi scored the second goal of the game, from a Riquelme pass in a 4–0 win.[146] During the semi-final match against Mexico, Messi scored a lob over Oswaldo Sánchez to see Argentina through to the final with a 3–0 win.[147] Argentina went on to lose 3–0 to Brazil in the final.[148]
2008 Summer Olympics[link]
Having barred Messi from playing for Argentina in the 2008 Olympics,[149] Barcelona agreed to release him after he held talks with newly appointed coach Josep Guardiola.[150] He joined the Argentina squad and scored the first goal in a 2–1 victory over Ivory Coast.[150] He then scored the opening goal and assisted Ángel di María in the second to help his side to a 2–1 extra-time win against the Netherlands.[151] He also featured in Argentina's match against rivals Brazil, in which Argentina took a 3–0 victory, thus advancing to the final. In the gold medal match, Messi again assisted Di María for the only goal in a 1–0 victory over Nigeria.[152]
2010 World Cup[link]
Messi played the entire game on Argentina's opening match in the 2010 World Cup, the 1–0 victory against Nigeria. He had several opportunities to score but was repeatedly denied by Vincent Enyeama.[153] Messi started in Argentina's following 4–1 win against Korea Republic; he participated in all of the goals of his team and helped Gonzalo Higuaín score a hat-trick.[154] On the third and last group stage match Messi captained during Argentina's 2–0 win over Greece, again being the centrepoint of Argentina's play and was voted man of the match.[155]
At the Round of 16 he assisted Carlos Tévez for the first goal in a 3–1 win against Mexico. The World Cup ended for Argentina with a 4–0 loss against Germany in the quarter-finals.[156]
Messi was nominated in ten player shortlist for Golden Ball award by FIFA Technical Study Group. The group identified Messi with words: "Outstanding in his pace and creativity for his team, dribbling, shooting, passing – spectacular and efficient".[157]
2011 Copa América[link]
Messi took part in the Copa América in Argentina, where he failed to score a goal but notched three assists. He was selected man-of-the-match in matches against Bolivia (1–1) and Costa Rica (3–0). Argentina were eliminated in the quarter-finals in a penalty shoot-out against Uruguay (1–1 a.e.t.), with Messi scoring as the first penalty taker.
Outside football[link]
Personal life[link]
Messi was at one stage romantically linked to Macarena Lemos, also from his hometown of Rosario. He is said to have been introduced to her by the girl's father when he returned to Rosario to recover from his injury a few days before the start of the 2006 World Cup.[158][159] He has in the past also been linked to the Argentine glamour model Luciana Salazar.[160][161] In January 2009 he told "Hat Trick Barça", a programme on Canal 33: "I have a girlfriend and she is living in Argentina. I am relaxed and happy".[161] He was seen with the girl, Antonella Roccuzzo,[162] at a carnival in Sitges after the Barcelona-Espanyol derby. Roccuzzo is a fellow native of Rosario.[163]
Messi has two cousins also involved in football: Maxi, a winger for Club Olimpia of Paraguay, and Emanuel Biancucchi, who plays as a midfielder for Spain's Girona FC.[164][165]
Charity[link]
In 2007, Messi established the Leo Messi Foundation, a charity supporting access to education and health care for vulnerable children.[166][167] In response to Messi’s own childhood medical difficulties, the Leo Messi Foundation has offered Argentine children diagnosed with illnesses treatment in Spain and funds covering the transport, hospital and recuperation costs.[168] Messi’s foundation is supported by his own fundraising activity with additional assistance from Herbalife.
On 11 March 2010 Messi was announced as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF.[169] Messi’s UNICEF ambassador activities are aimed at supporting children’s rights. Messi is supported in this by Barcelona, who also have a strong association with UNICEF.[170]
Wealth[link]
In March 2010, France Football ranked him at the top of its list of the world's richest footballers, ahead of David Beckham and Cristiano Ronaldo, with £29.6 million (€33 million) in combined income from salaries, bonuses and off-field earnings.[171][172] His net wealth is estimated at $110 millon.[173]
Media[link]
Messi was featured on the front covers of the video games Pro Evolution Soccer 2009 and Pro Evolution Soccer 2011 and is also involved in promotional campaigns for the games.[174][175] Messi, along with Fernando Torres,[176] is the face of Pro Evolution Soccer 2010, and was also involved in the motion capturing and the trailer.[177][178][179] However, in November 2011 Messi was confirmed as the new face of PES's rival football series FIFA with his debut as a cover star of the series coming in 2012's FIFA Street. Messi is sponsored by the German sportswear company Adidas and features in their television advertisements.[180] In June 2010, Messi also signed a three–year contract with Herbalife[181] which further supports the Leo Messi Foundation.
Messi was named twice in the Time 100, the magazine's annual list of the most influential people in the world, respectively in 2011[182] and in 2012[183].
Also in April 2011, Messi launched a Facebook page and within a few hours, his page had attracted more than six million followers. His Facebook page had over 33 million followers in March 2012.[184]
In May 2012, ex-Real Madrid player Royston Drenthe claimed Lionel Messi repeatedly called him "negro" during his time in Spain.[185] A counter statement issued by Barcelona said: "Messi has always shown a maximum respect and sportsmanship towards his rivals, something which has been recognized by his fellow professionals many times.[186]
On 26 May 2012, Messi was mistakenly announced dead by FOX Sports on its Twitter feed. "We must report the sad news that Lionel Messi is deceased from a heart attack during training #RipMessi," said the tweet that was sent to its followers. The message was deleted seconds later, with FOX Sports then going into damage control mode, while also blaming hackers for the incident.[187]
Career statistics[link]
Club[link]
| Club | Season | League[190] | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | ||
| Barcelona C | 2003–04 3ª | 8 | 5 |
| Barcelona B | 2003–04 2ªB | 5 | 0 |
| 2004–05 2ªB | 17 | 6 | |
| Total | 30 | 11 | |
| Club | Season | League | Cup | Champions League | Supercup | UEFA Super Cup | Club World Cup | Total | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | ||
| Barcelona | 2004–05 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | 9 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| 2005–06 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 25 | 8 | 4 | |||||
| 2006–07 | 26 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 17 | 3 | |
| 2007–08 | 28 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | 40 | 16 | 13 | |||||||
| 2008–09 | 31 | 23 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 5 | — | — | — | 51 | 38 | 18 | |||||||
| 2009–10 | 35 | 34 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 53 | 47 | 11 | |
| 2010–11 | 33 | 31 | 18 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 13 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 55 | 53 | 24 | |||||
| 2011–12 | 37 | 50 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 14 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 60 | 73 | 28 | |
| Total | 214 | 169 | 71 | 33 | 20 | 10 | 68 | 51 | 15 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 329 | 253 | 101 | |
International[link]
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals | Assists |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina U20 | 2005 | 16 | 11 | 3 |
| Total | 16 | 11 | 3 | |
| Argentina U23 | 2008 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 5 | 2 | 2 | |
| Argentina | 2005 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 7 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2007 | 14 | 6 | 3 | |
| 2008 | 8 | 2 | 1 | |
| 2009 | 10 | 3 | 2 | |
| 2010 | 10 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2011 | 13 | 4 | 10 | |
| 2012 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| Total | 68 | 22 | 20 | |
International goals[link]
Under–20[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 13 January 2005 | Estadio Centanario, Armenia, Colombia |  Vénézuela |
2–0 | 3–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 2. | 15 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Bolivia |
2–0 | 4–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 3. | 15 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador | Bolivia |
3–0 | 4–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 4. | 21 January 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Peru |
5–0 | 6–0 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 5. | 6 February 2005 | Estadio Palogrande, Manizales, Ecuador |  Brazil |
2–1 | 2–1 | 2005 South American Youth Championship |
| 6. | 14 June 2005 | Arke Stadion, Enschede, Netherlands |  Egypt |
1–0 | 2–0 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 7. | 22 June 2005 | Univé Stadion, Emmen, Netherlands |  Colombia |
1–1 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 8. | 24 June 2005 | Arke Stadion, Enschede, Netherlands |  Spain |
3–1 | 3–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 9. | 28 June 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands | Brazil |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 10. | 2 July 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands |  Nigeria |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
| 11. | 2 July 2005 | Galgenwaard Stadion, Utrecht, Netherlands | Nigeria |
2–1 | 2–1 | 2005 World Youth Championship |
Under–23[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 7 August 2008 | Shanghai Stadium, Shanghai, China |  Côte d'Ivoire |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2008 Summer Olympics |
| 2. | 16 August 2008 | Shanghai Stadium, Shanghai, China |  Netherlands |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2008 Summer Olympics |
Senior team[link]
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1 March 2006 | St. Jakob-Park, Basel, Switzerland |  Croatia |
2–1 | 2–3 | Friendly |
| 2. | 16 June 2006 | WM-Stadion Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany |  Serbia and Montenegro |
6–0 | 6–0 | 2006 World Cup |
| 3. | 5 June 2007 | Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain |  Algeria |
2–2 | 4–3 | Friendly |
| 4. | 5 June 2007 | Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain | Algeria |
4–2 | 4–3 | Friendly |
| 5. | 8 July 2007 | Metropolitano de Fútbol de Lara, Barquisimeto, Venezuela | Peru |
2–0 | 4–0 | 2007 Copa América |
| 6. | 11 July 2007 | Polideportivo Cachamay, Puerto Ordaz, Venezuela |  Mexico |
2–0 | 3–0 | 2007 Copa América |
| 7. | 16 October 2007 | José Pachencho Romero, Maracaibo, Venezuela | Venezuela |
2–0 | 2–0 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 8. | 20 November 2007 | Estadio El Campín, Bogotá, Colombia | Colombia |
1–0 | 1–2 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 9. | 4 June 2008 | Qualcomm Stadium, San Diego, United States | Mexico |
2–0 | 4–1 | Friendly |
| 10. | 11 October 2008 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Uruguay |
1–0 | 2–1 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 11. | 11 February 2009 | Stade Vélodrome, Marseille, France |  France |
2–0 | 2–0 | Friendly |
| 12. | 28 March 2009 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina | Venezuela |
1–0 | 4–0 | 2010 World Cup qualification |
| 13. | 14 November 2009 | Vicente Calderón Stadium, Madrid, Spain | Spain |
1–1 | 1–2 | Friendly |
| 14. | 7 September 2010 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina | Spain |
1–0 | 4–1 | Friendly |
| 15. | 17 November 2010 | Khalifa International Stadium, Doha, Qatar | Brazil |
1–0 | 1–0 | Friendly |
| 16. | 9 February 2011 | Stade de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland |  Portugal |
2–1 | 2–1 | Friendly |
| 17. | 20 June 2011 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Albania |
2–0 | 4–0 | Friendly |
| 18. | 7 October 2011 | Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina |  Chile |
2–0 | 4–1 | 2014 World Cup qualification |
| 19. | 15 November 2011 | Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla, Colombia | Colombia |
1–1 | 2–1 | 2014 World Cup qualification |
| 20. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland |  Switzerland |
1–0 | 3–1 | Friendly |
| 21. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland | Switzerland |
2–1 | 3–1 | Friendly |
| 22. | 29 February 2012 | Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, Switzerland | Switzerland |
3–1 | 3–1 | Friendly |
Career totals[link]
| Professional career totals | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Teams | Apps | Goals | Goals per game | |
| Clubs | 329 | 253 | 0.77 | |
| National team | 068 | 022 | 0.32 | |
| Olympic final | 05 | 02 | 0.4 | |
| Total | 402 | 277 | 0.69 | |
Honours[link]
Barcelona[link]
Winner
- La Liga (5): 2004–05, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11
- Copa del Rey (2): 2008–09, 2011–12
- Supercopa de España (5): 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011
- UEFA Champions League (3): 2005–06, 2008–09, 2010–11
- UEFA Super Cup (2): 2009, 2011
- FIFA Club World Cup (2): 2009, 2011
Runner-Up
- La Liga (2): 2006–07, 2011–12
- Copa del Rey (1): 2010–11
- UEFA Super Cup (1): 2006
- FIFA Club World Cup (1): 2006
Argentina[link]
Winner
- FIFA U-20 World Cup (1): 2005
- Olympic Gold Medal (1): 2008
Runner-Up
- Copa América (1): 2007
Individual[link]
|
|
Records[link]
- Most goals scored in a season in all competitions: 73 goals
- Most goals scored in a single league season: 50 goals
- Most goals scored in a single UEFA Champions League season: 14 goals
- Most La Liga hat-tricks in a season: 8 hat-tricks
- Most UEFA Champions League hat-tricks: 3 hat-tricks
- Only player to score 2 hat-trick in a Champions League season
- Highest scorer in a single UEFA Champions League game: 5 goals
- Most UEFA Champions League top scorer award: 4 awards
- The only player to receive the UEFA Champions League top scorer award 4 years in a row
- Most La Liga home goals in a season: 35 goals
- Most consecutive league matches scored in: 10 matches
- Youngest player to score 150 league goals: 24 years and 270 days
- Most goals scored in the Supercopa de España: 8 goals
- Most goals scored in FIFA Club World Cup: 4 goals
- Fastest Barcelona hat-trick: completed in 17th minutes
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer: 253 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in UEFA Champions League: 51 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in European Competitions: 52 goals
- Barcelona Record Goalscorer in international Competitions: 56 goals
References[link]
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- ^ "Copa del Rey Final 2011". http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/apr/21/real-madrid-barcelona-copa-del-rey. Retrieved 28.5.12.
- ^ a b c d e "Barcelona vs. Real Madrid - Live". http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2011/apr/20/barcelona-real-madrid-live.
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- ^ Lowe, Sid (5 May 2011). "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly in the aftermath of the Clásico series". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2011/writers/sid_lowe/05/05/clasico.aftermath/index.html. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
- ^ "Barcelona 3 Manchester United 1". BBC Sport (BBC). 28 May 2011. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/13576522.stm. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
- ^ "Messi salvó al fútbol". Sport.es. 17 August 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/20110818/messi-salvo-futbol/1120978.shtml. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- ^ "Súper Messi da la Supercopa al Barça". Sport.es. 26 August 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/20110826/super-messi-supercopa-barca/1130917.shtml. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
- ^ "El fútbol de Messi no tiene límites". Sport.es. 26 August 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/20110827/futbol-messi-tiene-limites/1131118.shtml. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
- ^ "Lionel Messi dedicates goal to disabled 10-year-old boy". inside World Soccer. 21 September 2011. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2011/09/lionel-messi-dedicated-goal-to-disabled.html.
- ^ "Messi, tras los pasos de Kubala" (in Spanish). Marca.com. 27 September 2011. http://www.marca.com/2011/09/28/futbol/equipos/barcelona/1317208910.html. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ^ "El Barça se aficiona a las 'manitas'". Sport.es. 28 September 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barca-aficiona-las-manitas-1164552. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
- ^ "Messi iguala a Kubala y afirma que sería "hermoso" superar a César". Sport.es. 28 September 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/messi-igualo-kubala-1164601. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
- ^ "El Barça consolida su liderato con otro recital de Messi". Sport.es. 16 October 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/barca-consolida-liderato-con-otro-recital-messi-1183586. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
- ^ "1, 2, 3... Messi responde otra vez". Sport.es. 29 October 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/messi-responde-otra-vez-1201140. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
- ^ "Messi es infalible: hat trick... ¡y a octavos!". Sport.es. 1 November 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/messi-infalible-hat-trick-octavos-1204309. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
- ^ "Messi, el astro rey". Sport.es. 19 December 2011. http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/messi-astro-rey-1279170. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ "Lionel Messi Bio, Stats, News – Football / Soccer – – ESPN Soccernet". ESPN Soccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report/_/id/323821?cc=5901#ui-tabs-1. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^ "Lionel Messi Bio, Stats, News – Football / Soccer – – ESPN Soccernet". ESPN Soccernet. http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/story/_/id/7657739/lionel-messi-first-player-score-5-goals-champion-league-game. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^ "Barcelona 5–3 Granada: Messi breaks club goalscoring record as gap at top of La Liga is reduced to five points". Goal.com. 20 March 2012. http://www.goal.com/en-us/match/63195/barcelona-vs-ciudad-de-murcia/report. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
- ^ Marca.com>
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- ^ http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2012/may/05/lionel-messi-four-goals-guardiola
- ^ "Lionel Messi's Barcelona Season by the Numbers". http://www.ctpost.com/sports/article/Lionel-Messi-s-Barcelona-Season-by-the-Numbers-3586321.php. Retrieved 25.5.12.
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- ^ "Lionel Messi Biography". Lionelmessi.com. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080802154715/http://lionelmessi.com/biography/. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "FIFA World Youth Championship Netherlands 2005". FIFA. http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament=104/edition=9102/index.html. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
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- ^ "Argentine striker Messi recalled for World Cup qualifier". People's Daily Online. 20 August 2005. http://english.people.com.cn/200508/20/eng20050820_203655.html. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
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- ^ "Argentina 4–0 Venezuela: Messi the star turn". Allaboutfcbarcelona.com. 28 March 2009. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=230046&cc=5739. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
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- ^ "Last-gasp Lionel Messi penalty secures entertaining victory over Portugal". lionel-messi.co.uk. 9 February 2011. http://www.goal.com/en-gb/match/57304/argentina-vs-portugal/report. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
- ^ "Marvellous Messi nets hat-trick to guide Albiceleste to friendly victory". lionel-messi.co.uk. 29 February 2011. http://www.goal.com/en-ie/match/77107/switzerland-vs-argentina/report. Retrieved 29 February 2011.
- ^ Vickery, Tim (5 June 2006). "Messi comes of age". BBC Sport (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/argentina/5047440.stm. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Argentina allay fears over Messi". BBC Sport (BBC). 30 May 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/argentina/5023884.stm. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
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- ^ "Holland 0–0 Argentina". BBC Sport (BBC). 21 June 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4853328.stm. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ Walker, Michael (26 June 2006). "Rodríguez finds an answer but many questions still remain". The Guardian (UK). http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/worldcup06/2006/06/26/rodriguez_finds_an_answer_but.html. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
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- ^ "Argentina-Paraguay". Conmebol. 5 July 2007. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070929133942/http://www.conmebol.com/competiciones_evento_reporte.jsp?evento=1055&ano=2007&dv=1&flt=C&id=18&slangab=E. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
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- ^ "Brazil victorious in Copa America". BBC Sport (BBC). 16 July 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/6899694.stm. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
- ^ "Lionel Messi out of Olympics after Barcelona win court appeal against Fifa". Daily Telegraph (UK). 6 August 2008. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/olympics/2510034/Lionel-Messi-out-of-Olympics-after-Barcelona-win-court-appeal-against-Fifa.html. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
- ^ a b "Barcelona give Messi Olympics thumbs-up". AFP. 7 August 2008. http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hBwBdQawHH84xSfUkq2uo3w1nwvA. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
- ^ "Messi sets up Brazil semi". FIFA. 16 August 2008. Archived from the original on 12 April 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090412024404/http://www.fifa.com/mensolympic/matches/round=250022/match=300051809/summary.html. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
- ^ Millward, Robert (23 August 2008). "Argentina beats Nigeria 1–0 for Olympic gold". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/2008-08-23-860591452_x.htm. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
- ^ Chadband, Ian (12 June 2010). "Argentina 1 Nigeria 0: match report". Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/news/7814324/Argentina-1-Nigeria-0-match-report.html. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
- ^ Chadband, Ian (17 June 2010). "Argentina 4 South Korea 1: match report". Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/news/7830449/Argentina-4-South-Korea-1-match-report.html. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
- ^ Smith, Rory (22 June 2010). "Greece 0 Argentina 2: match report". Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/news/7842201/Greece-0-Argentina-2-match-report.html. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
- ^ White, Duncan (3 July 2010). "Argentina 0 Germany 4: match report". Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/news/7868494/Argentina-0-Germany-4-match-report.html. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
- ^ "adidas Golden Ball nominees announced". FIFA. 9 July 2010. http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/news/newsid=1270753/index.html. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
- ^ "Lionel me prometió venir a mi cumple de quince después del Mundial" (in Spanish). Gente Online. http://www.gente.com.ar/nota.php?ID=11359. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Aún le mueve el tapete a Messi" (in Spanish). El Universal. 19 June 2008. Archived from the original on 31 May 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090531053417/http://www.vefutbol.com.mx/notas/16849.html. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Luciana Salazar, ¿la nueva novia de Messi?" (in Spanish). El Comercio. 20 June 2008. http://elcomercio.pe/ediciononline/html/2008-06-20/luciana-salazar-la-nueva-novia-messi.html. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ a b "Messi y Antonella pasean por el Carnaval de Sitges su noviazgo" (in Spanish). El Periódico de Catalunya. 25 February 2009. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090610003322/http://www.elperiodico.com/default.asp?idpublicacio_PK=46&idioma=CAS&idnoticia_PK=590154&idseccio_PK=1028. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Messi, a dicembre... sogni d'oro" (in Italian). Calcio Mercato News. 21 April 2009. http://www.calciomercato.it/news/46787/Messi-a-dicembre-sogni-doro!.html. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ^ "La verdad sobre la nueva novia de Messi" (in Spanish). Taringa. 24 February 2009. http://www.taringa.net/posts/noticias/2213473/La-verdad-sobre-la-nueva-novia-de-Messi__.html. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Maxi afirma que Messi deve vir ao Brasil para vê-lo jogar" (in Portuguese). Último Segundo. 20 August 2007. http://ultimosegundo.ig.com.br/esportes/seu_time/flamengo/2007/08/20/maxi_afirma_que_messi_deve_vir_ao_brasil_para_ve_lo_jogar_972383.html. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
- ^ Mayer, Claudius (20 October 2009). "Hört mir auf mit Messi!" (in German). TZ Online. http://www.tz-online.de/sport/fussball/tsv-1860/biancucchi-hoert-mir-mit-messi-auf-498339.html. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
- ^ "Fundación Leo Messi – Nuestra Fundación". Fundacíon Leo Messi. http://www.fundacionleomessi.org/nuestra-fundacion.php. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ "Fundación Leo Messi – Home". Fundacíon Leo Messi. http://www.fundacionleomessi.org/index.php. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ "Foundation Lionel Messi". En.leo-messi.net. http://en.leo-messi.net/new-foundation-lionel-messi__921.aspx/. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ "UNICEF to announce Lionel Messi as Goodwill Ambassador". Press centre. UNICEF. http://www.unicef.org/media/media_52938.html. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ "Press centre – UNICEF to announce Lionel Messi as Goodwill Ambassador". UNICEF. http://www.unicef.org/media/media_52938.html. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ Peck, Brooks (23 March 2010). "Davey Becks no longer the world's best paid footballer". sports.yahoo.com. http://sports.yahoo.com/soccer/blog/dirty-tackle/post/Davey-Becks-no-longer-the-world-s-best-paid-foot?urn=sow-229808. Retrieved 9 January 2012.
- ^ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/messi-tops-rich-list-ahead-of-beckham/242045-5-21.html
- ^ http://www.therichest.org/sports/highest-paid-football-players/
- ^ "Konami names Messi as face of PES 2009". Gamezine.co.uk. 1 August 2008. http://www.gamezine.co.uk/news-story/2008/08/01/konami-names-messi-as-face-of-pes-2009. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "Messi". PES Unites. Archived from the original on 3 June 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090603173802/http://www.pesunites.com/eng/index.htm. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ Orry, James (23 June 2009). "Torres signs for PES 2010". Videogamer.com. http://www.videogamer.com/news/torres_signs_for_pes_2010.html. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Motions and Emotions in Barcelona". Konami. 8 June 2009. http://uk.games.konami-europe.com/blog.do;jsessionid=E3F32E431E73A1D6AF0B71D695498692#blog-entry-116. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "E3 2009: PES 2010: Messi fronts exclusive E3 trailer". Konami. 2 June 2009. http://uk.games.konami-europe.com/news.do;jsessionid=A2FD1270B2C75DE70A52446CBF821D5A?idNews=411. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
- ^ "MOTD magazine crew meet Messi in Barcelona". PESFan (Match of the Day Magazine). http://www.pesfan.com/news/8212537/Messi-mo-cap-photos/#newsarticle. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
- ^ "Watch Zinedine Zidane and Lionel Messi in Adidas ad". The Guardian (UK). 27 May 2009. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/video/2009/may/27/zidane-messi-adidas-ad. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ "Herbalife Becomes New Sponsor". 2 June 2010. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/herbalife-becomes-new-sponsor-of-fc-barcelona-2010-06-02?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
- ^ "Lionel Messi among Time's 100 most influential people". inside World Soccer. 21 April 2011. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2011/04/lionel-messi-among-times-100-most.html.
- ^ "Lionel Messi among Time's 100 most influential people". Time. 19 April 2012. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2111975_2111976_2112092,00.html.
- ^ "Leo Messi launches Facebook page, nets 6m fans in 3 hours!". inside World Soccer. 7 April 2011. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2011/04/leo-messi-launches-facebook-page-nets.html.
- ^ "Royston Drenthe accuses Lionel Messi of racist remarks". inside World Soccer. 10 May 2012. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2012/05/royston-drenthe-lionel-messi-negro.html.
- ^ "Drenthe had 'problems' with Messi". ESPNsoccernetr. 12 May 2012. http://www.http://soccernet.espn.go.com//2012/05/royston-drenthe:-barcelona-star-lionel-messi-called-me-'negro'?cc=5901.html.
- ^ "FAIL! FOX Sports tweets Lionel Messi's death". inside World Soccer. 28 May 2012. http://www.insideworldsoccer.com/2012/05/fox-sports-tweets-death-of-lionel-messi.html.
- ^ 101 "'Pichichi' y centenario" (in Spanish). elmundodeportivo. http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/2010/01/18/pagina-7/5259184/pdf.html?search=messi 101. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "Lionel Messi Bio, Stats, News – Football / Soccer – – ESPN Soccernet". ESPN Soccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/player/_/id/45843/lionel-messi?cc=5901#ui-tabs-1. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^ Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as the senior team. However, they can not play in the same division as their senior team, so the reserve teams can not play in the Copa del Rey.
- ^ a b "Lionel Andrés Messi – Goals in International Matches". RSSSF. http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/messi-intlg.html. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
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External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lionel Messi |
- Official website (Catalan) (English) (Spanish)
- Lionel Messi on Facebook
- FC Barcelona profile
- BDFutbol profile
- Transfermarkt profile
- Lionel Messi career stats at Soccerbase
- Profile at ESPN
- Lionel Messi at National-Football-Teams.com
- Lionel Messi – FIFA competition record
- Lionel Messi – UEFA competition record
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Messi, Lionel Andrés |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Association footballer |
| Date of birth | 24 June 1987 |
| Place of birth | Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Lionel_Messi
Related pages:
http://dewn.com/Lionel Messi
http://eswn.com/Lionel Messi
http://ruwn.com/Месси, Лионель
http://cswn.com/Lionel Messi
http://ptwn.com/Lionel Messi
http://plwn.com/Lionel Messi
http://hiwn.com/लियोनेल मेस्सी
http://itwn.com/Lionel Messi
http://idwn.com/Lionel Messi
http://nlwn.com/Lionel Messi
http://frwn.com/Lionel Messi
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Messi
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| John Cena | |
|---|---|
 John Cena, 2008 |
|
| Ring name(s) | John Cena[1] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)[2] |
| Billed weight | 251 lb (114 kg)[2] |
| Born | (1977-04-23) April 23, 1977 (age 35)[3] West Newbury, Massachusetts[2] |
| Resides | Tampa, Florida[4] |
| Billed from | Classified (UPW)[5] West Newbury, Massachusetts (WWE)[2] |
| Trained by | Ultimate Pro Wrestling[5] Ohio Valley Wrestling[6] |
| Debut | 2001[6] |
John Felix Anthony Cena[7] (/ˈsiːnə/; born April 23, 1977)[3] is an American professional wrestler and actor. He is currently signed to WWE as a member of its Raw brand.[8]
In WWE, Cena has won 19 championships in total, including 12 world titles (having won the WWE Championship a record 10 times[9] and the World Heavyweight Championship twice). In addition, Cena has also won the WWE United States Championship three times,[10] and is a four-time Tag Team Champion, having held the World Tag Team Championship twice (once each with Shawn Michaels and Batista),[11] and the WWE Tag Team Championship twice (once each with David Otunga and The Miz). Cena also won the 2008 Royal Rumble match, and is a two-time Superstar of the Year Slammy Award winner (2009 and 2010).[12] He also has the fourth highest number of combined days as WWE Champion behind Bob Backlund, Hulk Hogan and Bruno Sammartino.
Cena started his professional wrestling career in 2000, wrestling for Ultimate Pro Wrestling, where he held the UPW Heavyweight Championship. In 2001, Cena signed a contract with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and was sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) where he held the OVW Heavyweight Championship and the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (with Rico Constantino).
Outside of wrestling, Cena has released the rap album You Can't See Me, which debuted at No.15 on the US Billboard 200 chart, and starred in the feature films The Marine (2006), 12 Rounds (2009), and Legendary (2010).[13] Cena has also made appearances on television shows including Manhunt, Deal or No Deal, MADtv, Saturday Night Live, Punk'd, and Psych. Cena was also a contestant on Fast Cars and Superstars: The Gillette Young Guns Celebrity Race, where he made it to the final round before being eliminated, placing third in the overall competition.
Contents |
Early life[link]
John Cena was born April 23, 1977, in West Newbury, Massachusetts,[3] the son of Carol and John Cena, Sr.[14] He is the second eldest of five brothers – Dan, Matt, Steve, and Sean.[15] After graduating from Cushing Academy, Cena attended Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts.[16] In college he was a Division III All-American center on the college football team,[17] wearing the number 54,[16] which is still used on some of his WWE merchandise.[18][19] He graduated from Springfield in 1998 with a degree in exercise physiology,[20] after which he pursued a career in bodybuilding,[21][22] and also worked as a chauffeur for a limousine company.[23]
Professional wrestling career[link]
Training (2000–2001)[link]
UPW[link]
Cena started training to become a professional wrestler in 2000 at the California-based "Ultimate University" operated by Ultimate Pro Wrestling. Once he was placed into an in-ring role, Cena began using a semi-robotic character known as The Prototype.[24][25] Some of this period of his career was documented in the Discovery Channel program Inside Pro Wrestling School.[26] While in UPW, Cena held the UPW Heavyweight Championship for just shy of a month in April 2000.[27]
OVW[link]
In 2001, he signed a developmental contract with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and was assigned to its developmental territory Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW).[28] During his time there, Cena wrestled as both The Prototype and Mr. P, and held the OVW Heavyweight Championship for three months and the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (with Rico Constantino) for two months.[29][30][31]
World Wrestling Entertainment[link]
Debut (2002–2004)[link]
Cena made his television debut answering an open challenge by Kurt Angle on June 27, 2002.[32] Inspired by a speech given by WWE Chairman Vince McMahon to the rising stars of the company, exhorting them to show "ruthless aggression" to earn a place among the legends, Cena took advantage of the opportunity to face Angle. Cena managed to counter the Angle Slam and the ankle lock submission hold,[33] but ultimately lost to a hard amateur wrestling-style pin.[33] Following the near-win, Cena became a fan favorite and started feuding with Chris Jericho, defeating Jericho at Vengeance.[32] In October, Cena and Billy Kidman took part in a tag team tournament to crown the first WWE Tag Team Champions of the SmackDown! brand, losing in the first round.[34] The next week, Cena turned on and attacked Kidman, blaming him for their loss, becoming a villain.[32]
Shortly after the Kidman attack, on a Halloween themed episode of SmackDown, Cena dressed as Vanilla Ice performing a freestyle rap.[32] The next week, Cena received a new character: a rapper who cut promos while rhyming.[32] As the gimmick grew, Cena began adopting a variant of the 1980s WWF logo – dropping the "F" – as his "signature symbol", along with the slogan "Word Life".[35] Moreover, he was joined by an enforcer, Bull Buchanan, who was rechristened B-2 (also written B² and pronounced "B-Squared").[32] Buchanan was later replaced by Red Dogg,[32] until he was sent to the Raw brand in February.
For the first half of 2003, Cena sought the WWE Championship and chased the reigning champion, Brock Lesnar, performing weekly "freestyles" challenging him to matches.[36][37][38] During the feud, Cena unveiled a new finishing maneuver: the FU, a Fireman's carry powerslam, named to Brock Lesnar's F-5, with his first victim being Rikishi.[39] Cena won a number one contenders tournament against Lesnar at Backlash. However, Cena was defeated by Lesnar. At Vengeance Cena lost a singles match against The Undertaker.[32][40] At the end of the year, Cena became a fan favorite again when he joined Kurt Angle as a member of his team at Survivor Series.[41][42]
United States and WWE Champion (2004–2005)[link]
In early 2004, Cena participated in the Royal Rumble match at the 2004 Royal Rumble,[43] making it to the final six before being eliminated by Big Show and the Match being won by Chris Benoit.[44] The Royal Rumble elimination led to a feud with Big Show,[45][46] which Cena won the United States Championship from Big Show at WrestleMania XX.[47] During his reign, Cena came into contention with SmackDown General Manager Kurt Angle over issues arising with René Duprée and Torrie Wilson.[48] The reign ended almost four months later, when he was stripped of the belt on July 8 by Angle after he accidentally knocked him over, thus attacking an official.[49] Cena won the championship back defeating Booker T in a best of five series that culminated at No Mercy,[50] only to lose it to the debuting Carlito Caribbean Cool the next week.[51] After the loss to Carlito, the duo began a feud, which Cena was stabbed in the kidney while at a Boston-area nightclub by Carlito's bodyguard, Jesús.[52][53] This worked injury was used to keep Cena out of action for a month, while Cena was filming The Marine.[30] Immediately on his return in November, Cena won the United States Championship back from Carlito debuting a "custom made" spinner-style championship belt.[54][55]
Cena took part in the 2005 Royal Rumble match, making it to the final two. Cena and Raw brand wrestler Batista went over the top rope at the same time, ostensibly ending the match. Vince McMahon, however, appeared on stage and re-started the match in sudden death rules, with Batista eventually eliminating Cena.[56] The next month, Cena defeated Kurt Angle to earn a spot in the SmackDown brand's WrestleMania 21 main event match,[57] beginning a feud with WWE Champion John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) and his Cabinet in the process. In the early stages of the feud, Cena lost his US belt to Cabinet member Orlando Jordan,[58] who proceeded to "blow up" the spinner championship with JBL and returning a more traditional style belt.[59] Cena defeated JBL at WrestleMania winning the WWE Championship, giving Cena his first world championship.[60] Cena then had a spinner WWE Championship belt made,[61] while JBL took the original belt and claimed to still be WWE Champion,[61] until Cena reclaimed the original belt in an "I Quit" match at Judgment Day.[62]
Cena was drafted to the Raw brand on the June 6, 2005, becoming the first wrestler selected by General Manager Eric Bischoff in the annual draft lottery.[63] Cena immediately entered a feud with Bischoff, after refusing to participate in the "war" against the Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) roster at One Night Stand.[64] With Bischoff vowing to make Cena's stint on Raw difficult, he hand picked Jericho to take Cena's championship from him.[65] During their feud, even though Cena was portrayed as the fan favorite and Jericho as the villain, a vocal section of live crowds, nonetheless, were booing Cena during their matches.[66] More crowds followed suit during Cena's next feud with Kurt Angle,[67] who took over as Bischoff's hand-picked number-one contender after Cena defeated Jericho in a You're Fired match on the August 22 Raw.[68] As the feud continued and the dissenters grew more vocal, sometimes seeming to outnumber fans by wide margins,[69] the announce team was forced to acknowledge the booing on television and began calling Cena a "controversial champion", claiming some people disliking him on account of his "in-ring style" and his chosen fashion.[70] Despite the mixed and negative reactions, Cena held on to his championship through his feud with Angle, losing to him by disqualification[71] – which titles do not change hands in WWE – at Unforgiven and pinning him at Survivor Series.[72] The feud with Angle also saw Cena add a secondary, submission based, finishing maneuver – the STFU (a Stepover Toehold Sleeper, though named for a Stepover Toehold Facelock) – when he was put into a Triple Threat Submissions Only match on the November 28 Raw.[73]
WWE Championship feuds and injury (2006–2007)[link]
Cena lost the WWE Championship at New Year's Revolution, but not in the Elimination Chamber match that he had been advertised to participate in beforehand. Instead, immediately after winning the Elimination Chamber, he was forced into a match against Edge, who cashed in his Money in the Bank contract – a "guaranteed title match for the WWE Champion at a time and place of the owners choosing." After two quick spears pinned Cena, winning the championship.[74] Three weeks later, Cena won the championship back at the Royal Rumble.[74] After winning the championship, Cena began feuding with Triple H, which the crowd began booing Cena and cheering the intended villain, Triple H.[75][76] Cena beat Triple H at Wrestlemania 22 to retain his WWE Title.[6] The negative reaction towards Cena intensified when facing Rob Van Dam at One Night Stand. Taking place in front of a crowd of mostly "old school" ECW fans at the Hammerstein Ballroom, Cena was met with raucous jeering and chants of "Fuck you, Cena", "You can't wrestle", and "Same old shit". When he began performing different moves into the match, the fans began chanting "You still suck". Cena lost the WWE Championship at One Night Stand, with Van Dam pinning Cena after interference from Edge.[77]
In July, after Edge won the championship from Van Dam in a Triple Threat match that also involved Cena,[78] re-ignited the feud between him and Cena from earlier in the year. After Edge went about retaining the title by dubious means – getting himself disqualified[79] (for which Championships do not change hands) and using brass knuckles[77] – he introduced his own version of Cena's "custom" belt, this one with his logo placed on the spinner.[80] Cena eventually won the championship back in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match at Unforgiven. The match had an added stipulation that had Cena lost he would leave the Raw brand and go to SmackDown.[81][82] Cena returned his version of the spinner belt on the next night's Raw.[83]
On the heels of his feud with Edge, Cena was placed in an inter-brand angle to determine the "Champion of Champions" – or which was the most dominant champion in WWE's three brands. Cena, the World Heavyweight Champion King Booker, and the ECW World Champion The Big Show engaged in a mini-feud leading to a Triple Threat match at Cyber Sunday, with the viewers voting on which of the three championships would be placed on the line.[84] At the same time, Cena became involved in a storyline with non-wrestler Kevin Federline, when he began appearing on Raw with Johnny Nitro and Melina. After getting into a worked physical altercation with Federline on Raw,[84] Federline appeared at Cyber Sunday to hit Cena with the World Heavyweight Championship during the match, helping King Booker retain his championship.[77] 2006 ended with Cena beginning a feud with the undefeated Umaga over the WWE Championship,[85] while 2007 began with the end of his storyline with Kevin Federline. On the first Raw of the new year, Cena was pinned by Federline with an assist from Umaga, although later in the night he was able to get his hands on Federline performing an FU on him.[86]
One night after the Royal Rumble, an impromptu team of Cena and Shawn Michaels defeated Rated-RKO (Edge and Randy Orton) for the World Tag Team Championship, making Cena a double champion.[87] On the April 2 episode of Raw, after losing a WWE Championship match to Cena at WrestleMania 23,[88] Michaels turned on Cena, costing them the championship in the second of two 10 team battles royals, by throwing Cena over the top rope and eliminating the team. The Hardys (Matt and Jeff) eventually won the match and the championship.[89] For the rest of the month, Cena feuded with Michaels, Orton, and Edge until The Great Khali declared his intentions to challenge for Cena's championship attacking and "laying out" all three of the top contenders[90] before assaulting Cena himself and stealing the physical belt.[91] For the next two months, Cena feuded with Khali over the championship, eventually becoming the first person in WWE to defeat him by submission at Judgment Day[92][93] and then by pinfall at One Night Stand.[94][95] Later that summer, Randy Orton was named the number one contender for the WWE championship,[96] starting a feud between the two. Leading up to SummerSlam, Orton delivered a number of sneak-attacks, performing three RKOs to Cena, but in the actual match, Cena retained the championship.[97] A rematch between the two occurred at Unforgiven, with Orton winning by disqualification after Cena ignored the referee's instructions and continued to beat on him in the corner.[98]
During a match with Mr. Kennedy on the October 1, 2007 episode of Raw, Cena suffered a legitimate torn pectoral muscle while executing a hip toss.[99] Though finishing the match and taking part in the scripted attack by Randy Orton after the match, surgery the following day found that his pectoralis major muscle was torn completely from the bone, estimating at the time to require seven months to a year of rehabilitation.[100][101] As a result, Cena was stripped of the title in an announcement by Vince McMahon on the next night's episode of ECW,[102] ending what was the longest WWE Championship reign in over 19 years.[103] Cena's surgery was performed by orthopedic surgeon James Andrews at St. Vincent's Hospital in Birmingham, Alabama.[99] Two weeks later, in a video update on WWE.com, Dr. Andrews and Cena's physical trainer both said that he was several weeks ahead of where he was expected to be in his rehabilitation at that time.[104] Despite his injury, Cena attended the annual WWE Tribute to the Troops show filmed at Camp Speicher in Tikrit, Iraq on December 7, and aired on December 24.[105]
Return and various feuds (2008–2010)[link]
Cena made an unannounced return as the final participant of the Royal Rumble match, winning the match, and the traditional WrestleMania title shot, by last eliminating Triple H.[12] Instead of waiting until WrestleMania, the title shot was cashed in against WWE Champion Randy Orton at February's No Way Out pay-per-view[106] in a match where Cena won by disqualification, resulting in him not getting the championship.[107] The night after No Way Out, Cena was placed back into WrestleMania XXIV's WWE Championship match, making it a Triple Threat match also involving Triple H,[108] during which he was pinned by Orton.[109] At Backlash, Cena failed to regain the title in a Fatal Four-Way elimination match, in which he was pinned by Orton.[110] Triple H won the title during that match. During the match, Cena eliminated JBL,[110] renewing their feud from 2005. Cena defeated JBL at Judgment Day and then at One Night Stand in a First Blood match.[111][112] JBL, however, defeated him in a New York City Parking Lot Brawl at The Great American Bash in July.[113]
On the August 4 episode of Raw, Cena became a World Tag Team Champion for a second time, teaming with Batista to defeat Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase,[114] but failed to retain the titles the following week against the former champions.[115] Batista defeated Cena at SummerSlam;[116] shortly after, he was named one of four contenders for CM Punk's World Heavyweight Championship in the Championship scramble match at Unforgiven. He was replaced by Rey Mysterio, however, after announcing Cena had suffered a herniated disc in his neck, which would require surgery.[117] Cena underwent successful surgery to repair the injury.[118][119]
Cena made his in-ring return at the November pay-per-view event, Survivor Series, defeating Chris Jericho to win his first World Heavyweight Championship.[120] The two continued their rivalry up to Armageddon, where Cena retained his championship.[121] Cena lost the championship at No Way Out, to Edge after Kofi Kingston was attacked by Edge, who took his place in the Elimination Chamber match.[122] Cena was given an opportunity to regain the title at WrestleMania XXV in a Triple Threat match also involving Big Show, which Cena won.[123]
Cena lost the championship back to Edge in a Last Man Standing match at Backlash after interference from Big Show, who chokeslammed Cena through a big spotlight.[124] This angle resulted in Cena beginning a feud with Big Show. Cena defeated Big Show at Judgment Day[125] and at Extreme Rules in a Submission match by applying the STFU.[126]
At the July pay-per-view, Night of Champions, he participated in a Triple Threat match for the WWE Championship, which also involved Triple H and WWE Champion Randy Orton. Cena, however, did not win the match.[127] Two months later, at Breaking Point, Cena defeated Randy Orton for the WWE Championship in an "I Quit" match to win his fourth WWE Championship.[128] At Hell in a Cell, Cena dropped the title to Orton in a Hell in a Cell match.[129] Three weeks later, at WWE Bragging Rights, Cena defeated Orton in a 60-minute Iron Man match.[130]
Two months later, Cena would lose the title to Sheamus at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs in a Tables match.[131]
In February 2010, Cena regained the WWE title at the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view in an Elimination Chamber match after last eliminating Triple H. However, immediately after the match Mr. McMahon declared that he would immediately defend his title against Batista, who had been involved with Cena in Vince McMahon and Bret Hart's rivalry. Cena lost that match to Batista, and the WWE Championship and marking one of the shortest WWE Championship reigns in history.[132] The following night after the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view, Cena asked for a rematch for the title at WrestleMania, which McMahon gave him the opportunity to as long as he defeated Batista that night. Later that night, Batista intentionally got himself disqualified by kicking Cena in the groin to set up their match at WrestleMania XXVI.[133] At the event, Cena defeated Batista to win back the WWE title.[134] At the April pay-per-view, Extreme Rules, Cena defeated Batista in a rematch for the WWE title in a Last Man Standing match.[135] He faced Batista one more time in an I Quit match at Over the Limit which he won.[136]
Feuding and joining The Nexus (2010–2011)[link]
See also: The Nexus
On the June 7, 2010 episode of Raw, Cena was suddenly thrust into a new storyline when during his main event match against CM Punk, he was attacked by all eight former contestants of WWE NXT Season 1, with Wade Barrett as their leader. Punk, his follower Luke Gallows, and other personnel around the ring were attacked as well, but Cena took the worst of the attack and was carried out on a stretcher. This group would later refer to themselves as The Nexus.[137]
At June's Fatal 4-Way event, Cena lost the WWE title to Sheamus in a fatal four-way match that also involved Edge and Randy Orton due to interference by Nexus.[138] The following month, in a WWE title rematch against Sheamus in a steel cage match at the Money in the Bank pay-per-view, the group interfered, thus costing Cena the chance of regaining the championship.[139] Cena later formed an alliance with Edge, Chris Jericho, John Morrison, R-Truth, The Great Khali and Bret Hart to face the Nexus at SummerSlam, where Cena's team defeated Nexus with the returning Daniel Bryan, a former member of Nexus, who replaced Khali after getting injured.[140]
Nexus's actions, however, did not stop after SummerSlam. Hoping to end Nexus for good, Cena challenged Wade Barrett to a match at Hell in a Cell only to lose due to interference by two fans, later identified as Husky Harris and Michael McGillicutty. Due to the stipulations in place, Cena was forced to join Nexus.[141] Cena had originally planned to destroy Nexus from within as a member of the group, but the Raw general manager ordered him to follow orders from Barrett, or else he would be fired. At Bragging Rights, Cena and Nexus member David Otunga defeated "Dashing" Cody Rhodes and Drew McIntyre to win the Tag Team Championship.[142]
Later in the show Cena was forced to help Barrett to win his WWE Championship match against Randy Orton. If Barrett didn't win the match Cena would be fired. Cena twisted his words around and attacked Barrett, giving Barrett the win via disqualification but not Orton's title.[142] The following day, Cena and Otunga lost the Tag Team Championship to fellow Nexus members Heath Slater and Justin Gabriel, when Barrett ordered Otunga to lay down and lose the title.[143] At Survivor Series, Cena officiated a match for the WWE Championship between Wade Barrett and Randy Orton. As a part of a pre-match stipulation, if Barrett didn't win the championship, Cena would be fired from the WWE.
Orton defeated Barrett to retain the title, thus ending Cena's career in the WWE.[144] The following day on Raw, Cena gave a farewell speech, before costing Wade Barrett the WWE Championship by interfering in his rematch with Randy Orton.[145] A week later, Cena invaded Raw, first as a spectator, but he then attacked members of Nexus, explaining that he would still take down Nexus one by one, despite not having a job in the WWE anymore.[146] On the December 13 episode of Raw, Cena was rehired by Barrett, in exchange that he would face him at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs in a Chairs Match.[147] Prior to TLC, Cena teamed up with Randy Orton and Rey Mysterio to defeat Wade Barrett, The Miz and Alberto Del Rio at The WWE Tribute to the Troops. On December 19 at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs, John Cena was victorious against Wade Barrett in a Chairs match in the main event of the evening.
On the December 27 episode of Raw, The Nexus, minus Wade Barrett, announced they were under new management and offered to bury the hatchet with John Cena, to which Cena refused. The Nexus attacked Cena, leaving a Nexus armband in the ring during the process. As the group retreated, CM Punk, who had attacked Cena with a steel chair twice the week before, came to the ring to, what looked like attack John Cena, but instead put on the armband left behind to symbolically announce his allegiance with The Nexus.[148] The next week, Wade Barrett returned to Raw and confronted CM Punk over the issue of who the leader of The Nexus was and who was responsible for Cena's attack the week before. Barrett was placed into a Triple Threat Steel Cage Match that night that would determine the No. 1 contender for the WWE Championship. CM Punk added his own stipulation to the match saying if Barrett lost, he would be banished from the group, but if he won he would remain leader. Wade Barrett would lose the match after CM Punk interfered by ripping of Barrett's armband.[149]
On the January 17 episode of Raw, Cena returned and faced Punk in a match. During the match, a man, who would later be revealed to be Mason Ryan, attacked Cena. During the 2011 Royal Rumble match, Cena would eliminate most of the Nexus, ending his feud with them.
Record-breaking WWE Champion; various feuds (2011–present)[link]
Cena competed in the 2011 Royal Rumble match at the pay-per-view, making it to the final five before being eliminated by The Miz, the current WWE Champion at the time, who wasn't an official participant in the match. At the Elimination Chamber pay-per-view, Cena won the Elimination Chamber match to face The Miz at WrestleMania XXVII for the WWE Championship.[150] On the February 21 episode of Raw, Cena replied to The Rock's comments about him from the previous week, as The Rock returned as the announced guest host of WrestleMania, where he made a rap about Rock. That same night, Cena was placed into a WWE Tag Team Championship match, with him teaming with The Miz, where they defeated Justin Gabriel and Heath Slater to become WWE Tag Team Champions. After the match, Wade Barrett invoked Gabriel and Slater's rematch clause straight away, where they won their titles back, after Miz attacked Cena.[151] After weeks of insults to each other, Cena met Rock face-to-face on the March 28 episode of Raw, where Cena would hit his Attitude Adjustment finishing move on Rock.[152] At WrestleMania, Cena and Miz would fight to a double count-out, but guest host Rock would restart the match, only for him to hit his Rock Bottom finishing move on Cena, allowing Miz to retain his title.[153] The next night on Raw, Cena and Rock agreed to face each other at WrestleMania XXVIII, making it the first match to be set up at WrestleMania one year in advance. At Extreme Rules, Cena would defeat Miz and Morrison to become WWE Champion.[153] Cena went on to defend the title against The Miz at Over the Limit in an "I Quit" match[154] and R-Truth at Capitol Punishment[155]
At Money in the Bank, CM Punk defeated Cena to win the WWE Championship, and left the company with the title.[156][157][158] A tournament was then conducted to determine the new WWE Champion for the "vacant" WWE title, which was won by Rey Mysterio on the July 25 episode of Raw. That same night, Cena challenged and defeated Mysterio to become WWE Champion for a record breaking ninth time.[159] Following the match, CM Punk returned to the company, with the WWE Championship he won at Money in the Bank, leading to a title unification match at SummerSlam, where Punk defeated Cena to become "undisputed" WWE Champion. Punk would lose the championship following the match to Mr. Money in the Bank Alberto Del Rio.[160] On the August 22 episode of Raw, Cena defeated Punk to become number one contender for the WWE Championship, and would defeat Del Rio at Night of Champions to become WWE Champion.[161] Cena would then lose the title back to Del Rio two weeks later at Hell in a Cell, in a Triple Threat Hell in a Cell match also involving Punk, after Ricardo Rodriguez and Del Rio locked Cena outside of the Cell.[162] Cena lost his rematch at Vengeance in a Last Man Standing match, due to interference by The Miz and R-Truth.[163] After a few weeks of Miz and Truth attacking Cena and other employees, Cena was allowed to choose his partner to challenge Miz and Truth at Survivor Series. Cena would announce that he had chosen The Rock to be his partner. At the pay-per-view, after Cena and Rock defeated Miz and Truth, Rock gave Cena another Rock Bottom.[164]
On the December 12 episode of Raw, during his match with Mark Henry, Cena was attacked by the returning Kane.[165] The following week on Raw, Cena would call out Kane for his actions last week, but Henry would come out instead. Kane would then come out soon after, and once again attacked Cena.[166] The following week, Kane would explain to Cena that the reason he had attacked him was in disgust of Cena's "Rise Above Hate" t-shirt slogan, stating that hate is a "natural impulse" and shouldn't be contained. He then led the fans in attendance who were not fond of Cena into chanting "Cena Sucks!" as Raw went off the air.[167] Kane would then attack Cena's friend Zack Ryder, which led him to lose his United States Championship.[168][169] At the Royal Rumble, Kane and Cena would fight each other to a double countout only for Kane to get the upper hand on Cena and Ryder, who was watching in a private room in a wheelchair, after the match.[170] At Elimination Chamber, Cena defeated Kane in an Ambulance match to end the feud.[171]
After Elimination Chamber, Cena and The Rock would start verbally attacking each other. At WrestleMania XXVIII, Cena faced the Rock in the main event match which had been building for a year and that was billed as "once in a lifetime" and as the biggest and most important match in John Cena's career. The climax of the match came when Cena let his arrogance get in the way of victory causing him to make the mistake of attempting the People's Elbow on the Rock, as the Rock countered with a Rock Bottom to seal the victory.[172]
The following night on Raw, Cena would address the Rock, with the crowd chanting "Your a Loser". Stating that though he lost his career's most important match, he would own up and accept his loss. Cena would call out the Rock to congratulate him only to be interrupted by Brock Lesnar, who proceeded to hit Cena with an F5.[173] On the April 9 episode of Raw Cena attacked Lesnar at the opening,[174] after John Laurinaitis announced that Cena would face Lesnar at the main event of Extreme Rules.[175] John defeated David Otunga later in the main event only to get hit with another F5 by Lesnar.[176] On April 16, it was announced on WWE.com that Lesnar versus Cena would be an Extreme Rules match.[177] On the next episode of Raw, Cena was confronted by Edge who would acknowledge Cena's loss to the Rock causing him to have a lack of focus, Edge would go on to tell Cena to wake up from his loss to the Rock and beat Brock Lesnar for all the superstars that supported the WWE is Lesnar's absence.[178] Later that night, Cena showed his lack of confidence by bringing a chain to the contract signing and refusing to fight Lesnar.[179] Cena received a Kimura lock and lacerations to the head during the match, but managed a victory against Lesnar,[180] though he strained the muscles in his arm.[181] This dovetailed into a rivalry with John Laurinaitis, who was angered at Cena because of his victory against Lesnar and his mockery and declared himself as Cena's opponent at Over the Limit.[182] Cena would go on to lose the match against Lauranitis due to interference from Big Show. [183] The following night on Raw, Lauranitis would announce that Cena would be facing Show at No Way Out.[184]
Other media[link]
Film[link]
WWE Studios, a division of WWE which produces and finances motion pictures, produced Cena's first movie — The Marine, which was distributed theatrically by 20th Century Fox America beginning on October 13, 2006. In its first week, the film made approximately US$7 million at the United States box office.[185] After ten weeks in theaters, the film grossed $18.7 million.[185] Once the film was released on DVD, it fared better, making $30 million in rentals in the first twelve weeks.[185]
His second film, also produced by WWE Studios, was 12 Rounds.[186] Filming began on February 25, 2008 in New Orleans;[186][187] the film was released on March 27, 2009.
Cena co-starred in his third film produced by WWE Studios, titled Legendary, which was played in selected theaters starting on September 10, 2010, for a limited time,[188] then it was released on DVD on September 28, 2010.[189]
That same year, Cena starred in the children's film Fred: The Movie, a film based on Lucas Cruikshank's YouTube videos of the same name, where he plays Fred's father.[190] The movie was released on the Nickelodeon channel in September 2010.[191]
Guest appearances[link]
Before his WWE debut, Cena made an appearance on the Internet stream show Go Sick as Bruebaker, an angry, cursing wrestler in 2001.[192]
During his WWE career, Cena has appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! three times. Cena has also appeared on morning radio shows; including the CBS and XM versions of Opie and Anthony as part of their "walkover" on October 10, 2006. Other appearances have included Late Night with Conan O'Brien, Fuse's Celebrity Playlist, Fox Sports Net's The Best Damn Sports Show Period, MADtv, G4's Training Camp (with Shelton Benjamin), and two appearances on MTV's Punk'd (August 2006 and May 2007), as the victim of a practical joke. He also served as a co-presenter, with Hulk Hogan, at the 2005 Teen Choice Awards, as a guest judge during the third week of the 2006 season of Nashville Star, and appeared at the 2007 Nickelodeon UK Kids Choice Awards.[193]
In January 2007, Cena, Batista, and Ashley Massaro appeared representing WWE on an episode of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition,[194] giving the children of the family whose house was being renovated WWE merchandise and eight tickets to WrestleMania 23.[195] Two months later, he and Bobby Lashley appeared on the NBC game show Deal or No Deal as "moral support" to long time WWE fan and front row staple, Rick "Sign Guy" Achberger. Edge and Randy Orton also appeared, but as antagonists.[196] On April 9, 2008, Cena, along with fellow wrestlers Triple H and Chris Jericho, appeared on the Idol Gives Back fund-raising special.[197] In March 2009, Cena made an appearance on Saturday Night Live during the show's cold opening sequence.[198] On March 7, 2009, he was a guest on NPR's quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! in a Not My Job sequence titled "Sure, pro wrestling is a good gig, but when you win, do they throw teddy bears into the ring?"[199]
Television[link]
In 2001, between his training in Ultimate Pro Wrestling and Ohio Valley Wrestling,[21] Cena was involved in the UPN produced reality show Manhunt. Cena portrayed Big Tim Kingman, leader of the group of bounty hunters who chased down the contestants who acted as fugitives. The show, however, was mired in controversy when it was alleged that the portions of the show were rigged to eliminate certain players, scenes were re-shot or staged to enhance drama and contestants read from scripts.[200][201][202]
Cena was also featured on the ABC reality series Fast Cars and Superstars: The Gillette Young Guns Celebrity Race, which aired in June 2007,[203] making it to the final round before being eliminated on June 24, placing third in the competition overall.[204]
In 2007 Cena was also interviewed for the CNN Special Investigations Unit documentary, "Death Grip: Inside Pro Wrestling", which focused on steroid and drug use in professional wrestling. When asked if he had taken steroids he was heard to reply, "I can't tell you that I haven't, but you'll never prove that I have."[205] The day after the documentary aired WWE accused CNN of taking Cena's comments out of context to present a biased point of view, backing up their claim by posting an unedited video of his answering the same question—filmed by WWE cameras from another angle—in which he is heard beginning the same statement with "Absolutely not".[206] A text interview on the website with Cena later had him saying the news outlet should apologize for misrepresenting him,[207] which CNN refused in a statement, saying they felt the true answer to the question began with the phrase "My answer to that question".[208] They did, however, edit the documentary on subsequent airings to include the "Absolutely not".[208]
Cena hosted the Australian Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards with Natalie Bassingthwaighte on October 11, 2008 in Melbourne, Australia.[209]
He guest starred as Ewan O'Hara in an episode of the fourth season of the comedy drama Psych, as the brother of Juliet O'Hara, played by Maggie Lawson.[210]
He also guest starred in the seventh episode of Disney Channel's Hannah Montana Forever as himself.
Make-A-Wish Foundation[link]
John Cena has granted over 250 wishes for Arizona children with life-threatening illnesses through the Make-A-Wish Foundation, and is the biggest wish granter in Make-A-Wish history.[211][212] In 2009, Cena received the Chris Greicius Celebrity Award.[213]
Endorsements[link]
Before his professional wrestling career, Cena appeared in an advertisement for Gold's Gym.[214] As a wrestler he has endorsed the energy drink YJ Stinger,[215] appearing in commercials beginning in October 2003, and Subway,[216] for whom he filmed advertisements with their spokesperson Jared Fogle in November 2006 that began airing the next January. For a time in 2007 he also endorsed two "signature collections" of energy drinks and energy bars sold by American Body Builders.[217] In 2008, Cena filmed a commercial as part of Gillette's "Young Guns" NASCAR campaign.[218]
In 2009, Cena expanded his relationship with Gillette by introducing a new online campaign called "Be A Superstar" featuring himself alongside WWE Superstars Chris Jericho and Cody Rhodes. The campaign features motivational videos.[219]
Fashion[link]
For the extent of his WWE career, Cena's attire has attempted to reflect the most current thug fashions and stylings within the hip hop culture that his character represents. Cena started out wearing "throwback jerseys" until WWE produced specific Cena merchandise which he began wearing.[220] While Cena was a member of the SmackDown! brand, one of his WWE produced t-shirts bore the suggestive spoonerism "Ruck Fules". Whenever it appeared on television the image was censored, not by the network, but by WWE to sell more shirts under the premise that it was "too hot for TV."[221] He also wore a chain with a large padlock, occasionally using it as a weapon,[222] until WrestleMania 21, when it was replaced with a chromed and diamond studded "Chain Gang" spinner medallion—reminiscent of the ones worn by members of G-Unit—matching his spinner title belt.
Around the time The Marine was released, Cena began wearing attire more military related, including camouflage shorts, dog tags, a Marine soldier cap and a WWE produced shirt with the legend "Chain Gang Assault Battalion."[223] Shortly after WrestleMania 23, when promotion for The Marine ended, the military attire diminished and was replaced with apparel bearing his new slogan "American Made Muscle" along with denim shorts, not seen since he was a member of the SmackDown roster.[224] He then wore shirts that promoted Cenation and his trademark line "You Can't See Me." From late 2011 until Wrestlemania XXVIII, Cena again switched to camo shorts (honoring the U.S. Armed Forces), to coinincide with his black "Rise Above Hate" T-shirt promoting WWE's "Be a Star" anti-bullying campaign.
Music[link]
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Sample from "The Time Is Now" by John Cena & Tha Trademarc.
|
| Problems listening to this file? See media help. | |
In addition to his wrestling career, Cena is a rapper and a hip hop musician. Cena performed his fifth WWE theme song, "Basic Thugonomics," himself, and it was featured on the WWE soundtrack album WWE Originals. He also recorded a song,"Untouchables", for the company's next soundtrack album WWE ThemeAddict: The Music, Vol. 6. He collaborated on the song H-U-S-T-L-E remix along with Murs, E-40, and Chingo Bling.[225]
Cena's debut album, You Can't See Me, was recorded with his cousin Tha Trademarc. It features, amongst other songs, his entrance theme, "The Time is Now", and the single "Bad, Bad Man", for which a music video was made that parodied 1980s culture, including the television show The A-Team. A video was also made for the second single, "Right Now," and premiered on the August 8 Raw. Cena and Tha Trademarc were later featured on a track by The Perceptionists named "Champion Scratch." Cena will appear on Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins' upcoming album Still Cool featuring other guests.[226]
- Albums
- You Can't See Me
- Released: May 10, 2005
- Chart positions:[227][228] 15 U.S. Billboard 200, 10 U.S. Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, 3 U.S. Rap, 103 UK Albums Chart
- Singles: "The Time Is Now", "Bad Bad Man" (featuring Bumpy Knuckles), "Right Now"
Filmography[link]
Film[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Ready to Rumble | Gym Trainer | Uncredited extra |
| 2006 | The Marine | John Triton | |
| 2009 | 12 Rounds | Danny Fisher | |
| 2010 | Legendary | Mike Chetley | |
| Fred: The Movie | Fred's Imaginary Dad | ||
| 2011 | The Reunion | Sam Cleary | |
| Fred 2: Night of the Living Fred | Fred's Imaginary Dad |
Television[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | Manhunt | Big Tim Kingman | |
| 2007 | Fast Cars and Superstars: The Gillette Young Guns Celebrity Race | Himself | |
| 2009 | Saturday Night Live | Himself | Tracy Morgan/Kelly Clarkson (season 34: episode 18) |
| 2010 | Psych | Ewan O'Hara | "You Can't Handle This Episode" (season 4: episode 10) |
| True Jackson, VP | Himself | "Pajama Party" (season 2: episode 12) | |
| Hannah Montana | Himself | "Love That Lets Go" (season 4: episode 7) | |
| Generator Rex | Hunter Cain | Voice role "The Hunter" (season 1: episode 13) |
Personal life[link]
Cena writes left-handed.[229] He is a fan of Japanese anime and has mentioned that his favorite anime movie is Fist of the North Star.[230] He has also said he is a fan of the video game series Command & Conquer and noted that it was his favorite game.[231] Cena is also a fan of the Boston Red Sox,[230] Tampa Bay Rays,[232] New England Patriots,[233] Boston Celtics[230] and English Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur.[234] Cena collects muscle cars and has over 20, some of which are one-of-a-kind.[235]
While promoting his 2009 film, 12 Rounds, Cena announced his engagement[236][237] to his girlfriend Elizabeth Huberdeau. They were married on July 11, 2009. On May 10, 2012, Cena filed for a divorce.[238]
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- Killswitch / Protobomb (Twisting belly to belly side slam) (OVW / UPW)
- AA - Attitude Adjustment (formerly FU)[233][239] (Fireman's carry transitioned into a takeover or a powerslam, sometimes from an elevated position) - 2003-present
- STF (formerly STFU)[239] - 2005-present
- Signature moves
- Diving leg drop bulldog[240]
- Dropkick, sometimes from the top rope[6]
- Emerald Flowsion
- Five Knuckle Shuffle[241] (Running delayed fist drop, with theatrics, sometimes diving from the top rope)
- Fisherman suplex[6][240]
- Gutwrench suplex
- Spin-out powerbomb
- Running leaping shoulder block[6]
- Running one–handed bulldog[240]
- Sitout hip toss[6]
- Spinebuster[6] – 2002–2005; used rarely thereafter
- Throwback[6][240] (Running neck snap to a bent–over opponent) - used the last time in 2011
- Twisting belly to belly suplex[240]
- Nicknames
- "The Doctor of Thuganomics"[242]
- "The Champ" (as either the WWE Champion or the World Heavyweight Champion)[243] – 2005–present
- "The Chain Gang Soldier"[209]
- "The Cenation Leader"[2] – 2011–present
- Entrance themes
- "Slam Smack" by R. Hardy (FirstCom Production Music) (June 27, 2002 – November 7, 2002)[244]
- "Insert Bass Here" by DJ Case (FirstCom Production Music) (November 14, 2002 – February 13, 2003)[245]
- "Basic Thuganomics" by John Cena (March 27, 2003 – March 10, 2005; April 5, 2009 for his entrance at WrestleMania XXV; March 12, 2012 for his "Cena Rap" against The Rock)
- "We Are One" by 12 Stones (WWE; October 3, 2010 – November 21, 2010; Used While a part of Nexus)
- "The Time is Now" by John Cena and Tha Trademarc (March 17, 2005–present)
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- Ohio Valley Wrestling
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- PWI Feud of the Year (2006) vs. Edge[246]
- PWI Feud of the Year (2011) vs. CM Punk[247]
- PWI Match of the Year (2007) vs. Shawn Michaels on Raw on April 23[248]
- PWI Match of the Year (2011) vs. CM Punk at Money in the Bank[249]
- PWI Most Improved Wrestler of the Year (2003)[250]
- PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (2004, 2005, 2007)[251]
- PWI Wrestler of the Year (2006, 2007)[252]
- PWI ranked #1 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2006 and 2007[253][254]
- Pro Wrestling Report
- Match of the Year (2006) vs. Rob Van Dam at ECW One Night Stand 2006
- Ultimate Pro Wrestling
- UPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[27]
- World Wrestling Entertainment
- World Heavyweight Championship (2 times)[255]
- World Tag Team Championship (2 times)[11] – with Shawn Michaels (1) and Batista (1)
- WWE Championship (10 times)[256]
- WWE Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with David Otunga (1), and The Miz (1)[142]
- WWE United States Championship (3 times)[10]
- Royal Rumble (2008)
- Slammy Award winner – 2009 and 2010 Superstar of the Year
- Slammy Award for Holy $#!+ Move of the Year (2010) Sends Batista through the stage with an Attitude Adjustment.
- Slammy Award for Game Changer of the Year (2011) – with The Rock
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter
- Wrestler of the Year (2007, 2010)[257]
- Best Box Office Draw (2007)[257]
- Best on Interviews (2007)[257]
- Feud of the Year (2011)[258] vs. CM Punk
- Match of the Year (2011)[258] vs. CM Punk at WWE Money in the Bank
- Most Charismatic (2006–2010)[257]
- Most Charismatic of the Decade (2000–2009)[259]
- Best Gimmick (2003)[257]
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- ^ a b Gray, Andy (February 4, 2009). "John Cena talks Red Sox-Rays, future WWE stars and his top diva". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/extramustard/02/04/john-cena-interview/. Retrieved March 24, 2009.
- ^ "dailymail.co.uk". Daily Mail (London). January 23, 2008. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-509897/Wrestling-superstar-big-fan-Spurs.html.
- ^ John Cena: My Life (DVD). World Wrestling Entertainment. 2007.
- ^ Moore, Jim (February 16, 2009). "Cena works hard on his rags to riches story". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. http://www.seattlepi.com/moore/400249_moore16.html. Retrieved February 16, 2009.
- ^ Varsallone, Jim (March 23, 2009). "Cena, WWE score knockout in 12 Rounds". The Miami Herald: 3.
- ^ Abravanel, Lesley (May 10, 2012). "WWE superstar John Cena files for divorce; wife hires Miami attorney". MiamiHerald.com. http://blogs.herald.com/scene_in_the_tropics/2012/05/wwe-superstar-jon-cena-files-for-divorce-wife-hires-miami-attorney.html.
- ^ a b "Home > Superstars > Raw > John Cena > Bio". WWE.com. World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raw/johncena/bio/. Retrieved February 3, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Golden, Hunter (January 13, 2009). "Raw Results – 1/12/09 – Sioux City, IA". WrestleView.com. http://www.wrestleview.com/news2009/1231831212.php. Retrieved March 25, 2009.
- ^ "Five Knuckle Shuffle". John Cena > Photos. WWE. Archived from the original on March 31, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080331204925/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raw/johncena/photos2/fiveknucklephotos/. Retrieved February 20, 2008.
- ^ "John Cena And Method Man: Thuganomics 101". MTV News. March 12, 2004. http://www.mtv.com/bands/w/wwe/news_feature_040312/. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
- ^ Dunham, Jeremy (October 23, 2006). "IGN: SmackDown Countdown 2006: John Cena". IGN. http://ps2.ign.com/articles/741/741171p1.html. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
- ^ Hardy, R. "Slam Smack". FirstCom Production Music (FirstCom Music Library). [2]
- ^ DJ Case. "Insert Bass Here". FirstCom Production Music (OneMusic Library). [3]
- ^ "Feud of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on April 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070403015617/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwifoty.htm. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
- ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated 33 (3): 74–75. 2012.
- ^ "Match of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on April 15, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080415152012/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwimoty.htm. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
- ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated 33 (3): 80–81. 2012.
- ^ "Most Improved Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on February 10, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070210194911/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwiimp.htm. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
- ^ "Most Popular Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on February 10, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070210195543/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwimpoty.htm. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
- ^ "Wrestler of the Year". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on February 10, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070210195351/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwiwoty.htm. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
- ^ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500 – 2006". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on March 12, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070312171359/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi50006.htm. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
- ^ "2007 PWI 500 edition of Pro Wrestling Illustrated – cover". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071005172548/http://pwi-online.com/art/PWD9107S.jpg. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
- ^ "World Heavyweight Championship title history". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldheavyweight/20081103JohnCena. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
- ^ "WWWF/WWF/WWE World Heavyweight Title". Wrestling-Titles. http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wwf/wwf-h.html. Retrieved May 17, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e Meltzer, Dave (January 26, 2011). "Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue". Wrestling Observer Newsletter (Campbell, CA): 1–40. ISSN 10839593.
- ^ a b Meltzer, Dave (January 30, 2012). "January 30 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: Gigantic year-end awards issue, best and worst in all categories plus UFC on FX 1, death of Savannah Jack, ratings, tons and tons of news". Wrestling Observer Newsletter (Campbell, CA). ISSN 10839593.
- ^ Beltrán, William (August 3, 2010). "Según el Wrestling Observer... ¿Quiénes son los mejores los mejores de la década?" (in Spanish). SuperLuchas Magazine. http://superluchas.net/2010/08/03/segun-el-wrestling-observer%E2%80%A6-%C2%BFquienes-son-los-mejores-los-mejores-de-la-decada/. Retrieved August 5, 2010.
Further reading[link]
- Ian Hamilton (2006). Wrestling's Sinking Ship: What Happens to an Industry Without Competition. Lulu.com. ISBN 1-4116-1210-8.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: John Cena |
- John Cena on Twitter
- John Cena at WWE.com
- Professional wrestling record for John Cena from The Internet Wrestling Database
- John Cena at Online World of Wrestling
- John Cena at the Internet Movie Database
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Cena, John Felix Anthony, Jr |
| Alternative names | The Prototype; Mr. P; Cena, Juan |
| Short description | Professional wrestler, an amateur hip hop musician and actor |
| Date of birth | April 23, 1977 |
| Place of birth | West Newbury, Massachusetts |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/John_Cena
Related pages:
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http://cswn.com/John Cena
http://idwn.com/John Cena
http://eswn.com/John Cena
http://ruwn.com/Сина, Джон
http://nlwn.com/John Cena
http://ptwn.com/John Cena
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http://frwn.com/John Cena
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cena
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Alberto Del Rio | |
|---|---|
 Rodríguez at WWE Tribute to the Troops in December 2010. |
|
| Ring name(s) | Alberto Banderas[1][2] Alberto Del Rio[1][3] Dorado[1] Dos[1] Dos Caras[1][4] Dos Caras, Jr.[1] El Dorado[1] El Hijo de Dos Caras[1] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)[5][6] |
| Billed weight | 239 lb (108 kg)[6] |
| Born | (1977-05-25) May 25, 1977 (age 35)[1][5][7] San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí[5][8] |
| Resides | Tampa, Florida[9] |
| Billed from | San Luis Potosí, Mexico[6] |
| Trained by | Leonel Kolesni (Greco-Roman wrestling)[1][10] Juan Fernández (Greco-Roman wrestling)[1][10] Dos Caras (Professional wrestling)[1] Sicodelico (Professional wrestling)[1] FCW Training[1] Marco Ruas (MMA) |
| Debut | 02000-09-29September 29, 2000[5][11] |
Alberto Rodríguez[1][5] (born May 25, 1977)[1][5] is a Mexican professional wrestler signed to WWE, performing under the ring name Alberto Del Rio and appearing on the SmackDown brand. He is a former two-time WWE Champion, while also being the 2011 Royal Rumble winner, outlasting 39 other participants to win the largest Royal Rumble match ever, and 2011 Mr. Money in the Bank (Raw). Before working for WWE, Rodriguez used the name Dos Caras, Jr. as both a mixed martial artist and luchador in mostly Mexico and Japan. He worked in both of Mexico's main wrestling promotions and achieved success in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), where he is a former CMLL World Heavyweight Champion.
Son of noted luchador Dos Caras, nephew of Mil Máscaras and Sicodelico, and cousin to Sicodelico, Jr. and Hijo de Sicodelico, Rodríguez is part of one of the most well known Mexican wrestling families.[5] The name Dos Caras translates to Two Faces, referring to the symbol of a double headed eagle on his mask.[1]
Contents |
Amateur wrestling[link]
Born in San Luis Potosí as the son of luchador Dos Caras.[5] Rodríguez graduated from Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosí where he earned a degree in architecture.[5][7][10] Growing up in a family of wrestlers Rodríguez decided to take up Greco-Roman wrestling, training under Leonel Kolesni and Juan Fernández.[1][5][10] He earned a place on the Mexican national team in Greco-Roman wrestling and while competing on the national team obtained several accomplishments.[12][unreliable source?] In 1997, he placed third at the World Junior Championships, in the Czech Republic.[12][unreliable source?] He also won the Central American and Caribbean Games in his weight division three times and won a medal at the Pan American Games. Rodríguez was on track to compete at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, but due to a lack of funding and support, Mexico did not send a wrestling team that year.[7]
Professional wrestling career[link]
Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (2000–2002)[link]
After not competing at the 2000 Olympic games, Rodriguez turned to the family business, and trained with his father to become a professional wrestler. Caras made his debut appearance on May 9, 2000 as he ran in during an Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) show to save his father from a beat down from El Texano, Pirata Morgan and Espectro, Jr.[5][10] After making follow up TV show appearances Caras did not make his in ring debut until September 29 of that year when he teamed with Sangre Chicana, El Alebrije and La Parka, Jr. to defeat Los Consagrados (El Texano, Pirata Morgan, Espectro, Jr. and El Cobarde) at AAA's summer event Verano de Escándalo.[5][11] After his debut Rodriguez would travel to Japan to compete as well, making his Japanese debut on October 11 by teaming with his father to defeat the team of El Azteca and Chiba.[5][10] Caras continued his AAA storyline with Los Consagrados, teaming with Octagón, La Parka, Jr. and Hong Kong Lee to defeat Los Consagrados by disqualification.[13] Over the next couple of years Caras would work both in Mexico and Japan to gain experience in the ring. In Mexico he worked exclusively for AAA making appearances at shows such as the 2002 Verano de Escándalo, where he teamed with Gronda and El Hijo del Solitario to defeat the trio of Pirata Morgan, Sangre Chicana and El Brazo.[14]
Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre[link]
Técnico (2005–2009)[link]
In 2005, Rodriguez was signed to a contract with Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). In his first test in the company, Caras competed in the 2005 Copa Jr., but the storyline of the tournament saw him defeated in the semi-final by Dr. Wagner, Jr.[5][15] Caras's advancement to the semi-final of the cup, mere months after signing with the company was an indicator that the bookers were interested in elevating him up the rankings, this was further supported when he received matches for both the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship and the CMLL World Light Heavyweight Championship inside a three week period.[5][16][17] The following year on March 31, 2006 Caras was entered again into the Copa Jr. tournament and earned a return victory over Dr. Wager, Jr. who knocked him out of the tournament the previous year.[5] He also won against Heavy Metal and Apolo Dantes to gain a place in the final, defeating Héctor Garza to win the prize.[18] While working in Japan, Caras had taken to teaming with another second generation wrestler, Lizmark, Jr., and when both found themselves in CMLL they were teamed up once again with the team's famous fathers being the selling point. Over the next year Caras found himself without much direction, he worked storylines with Último Guerrero and Kenzo Suzuki but nothing long term came of it. Caras received two opportunities to challenge Universo 2000 for the CMLL World Heavyweight title but came up short until his third attempt on July 8, 2007 when he became the CMLL World Heavyweight Champion.[16] While in wrestling promotions outside of Mexico the Heavyweight title would indicate that he was the top man in the federation, Mexican wrestling promotions tend to put more emphasis on the lower weight divisions over the heavyweights.[19]
Caras's run with the CMLL World Heavyweight championship remained largely uneventful with only four title defenses in the 533 days that he held the championship.[5][16] After defending against Lizmark, Jr. and former champion Universo 2000 it would be 9 months before his next defense.[16] By the fall of 2008 a story broke that Rodriguez had wrestled a dark match for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and that they had offered him a contract.[5][20] Over the following months conflicting reports of whether he had signed or not arose but he remained CMLL World Heavyweight Champion. When Caras lost the title to Último Guerrero it was believed that he had indeed signed with WWE,[16] with him being rumored to be a surprise participant in the 2009 Royal Rumble. However, Rodriguez remained with CMLL and stated that he signed a four year deal and chose CMLL because they offered him a better deal than WWE.[5][21]
Rudo (2009)[link]
Throughout his entire career Dos Caras, Jr. had always played a heroic character, known in Mexico as a técnico. However, after the contract dealings with WWE surfaced he began showing signs of becoming a villain, known as a rudo. He would turn his attention away from the matches and instead try to win the approval of the fans, often costing his team the match because he was distracted. Caras himself explained this behavior by stating that he "hurt his shoulder, but bravely stayed in the arena".[22] After hinting at a change for weeks Caras finally cemented his villainous persona on April 11, 2009, the first member of the Rodríguez family to be a heel.[23] After becoming a rudo, he began working a storyline with Shocker.
World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE[link]
Florida Championship Wrestling (2009–2010)[link]
On June 17, 2009, Rodriguez confirmed that he had signed a three-year contract with WWE, stating that he would not have to go to Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), WWE's developmental territory, but would go directly to the main roster.[5] Furthermore, he would retain the rights to his name, mask and image but allow the WWE to use it for promotional purposes while he is under contract with them. He agreed to the contract since it addressed the main reasons why he turned down the WWE's offer in January 2009.[24] Despite his claims, he had a match with Kris Logan at FCW wrestling under the name Dos.[25] He later also went on to wrestle under the ring names Dorado and El Dorado.[1] During a segment on the Abraham Washington show at the August 6 taping, Rodriguez revealed a new, unmasked wrestling character named Alberto Banderas.[2] During Raw's WrestleMania Revenge tour of Europe in April 2010, Caras made numerous appearances in untelevised matches for the Raw brand. One night he wrestled as Dos Caras, but he did not wear his mask. He was presented as a villain in a losing effort against Christian.[4][26] The following month Caras put his mask back on for WWE's tour of Mexico and worked as a hometown hero, prior to returning unmasked during untelevised matches for subsequent Raw and SmackDown shows.[27][28]
SmackDown (2010–2011)[link]
On the June 25, 2010 episode of SmackDown, Rodriguez debuted on a pre-taped promotional video as the unmasked Alberto Del Rio.[3] Thereafter, a vignette aired every week on SmackDown promoting his character as an arrogant rich Mexican aristocrat, espousing his own virtues of honesty, integrity and mental faculties. After two months, he debuted on the August 20 episode of SmackDown by defeating fellow luchador Rey Mysterio in the main event using his new cross armbar submission.[1][29] As part of his act, Del Rio makes his entrances in an expensive car, while he is being introduced by his personal ring announcer, Ricardo Rodriguez.[29] The following week, Del Rio continued the storyline with Mysterio by attacking him after his match with Kane, giving him a storyline injury by refusing to relinquish his armbar.[30] Two weeks later he defeated Matt Hardy via submission in Hardy's last appearance with the company[31] causing Hardy's friend Christian to challenge Del Rio to a match at Night of Champions.[32] Although he declined the match, on the September 24 episode of SmackDown Del Rio attacked Christian and injured him the same way he did Mysterio the previous month, marking the third successive wrestler Del Rio was scripted to injure.[33] This was done to write Christian off television, as he had suffered a torn pectoral muscle.[34] Mysterio returned on the October 8 SmackDown episode and handed Del Rio his first defeat in the main event match.[35] In October Del Rio defeated Chris Masters to represent the SmackDown brand at Bragging Rights, but during the pay-per-view event he attacked teammate Rey Mysterio, before being eliminated from the match by Team Raw's CM Punk.[36][37] At Survivor Series, in the traditional five-on-five elimination match, Del Rio captained a team against Rey Mysterio's team. Although Del Rio's team lost he was never technically eliminated, instead Big Show knocked him out with a punch and he was removed from the match.[38] On the November 26 SmackDown, Del Rio defeated Big Show via countout to qualify for the 2010 King of the Ring tournament.[39] In the tournament the next week on Raw, he made United States Champion Daniel Bryan submit in the first round, but would be defeated by John Morrison in the semi-final after being distracted by Mysterio who was inside his car.[40] On the November 30 episode of WWE NXT, it was announced that Del Rio would be a mentor to Conor O'Brian on the fourth season of NXT, starting the following week.[41] On December 19 at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs Del Rio competed in a Fatal-4-Way Tables, Ladders and Chairs match for the World Heavyweight Championship, which was won by Edge and also included the then champion Kane and Rey Mysterio.[42] On the January 7, 2011 episode of SmackDown, Del Rio defeated Mysterio in a Two Out of Three Falls match, with help from Ricardo Rodriguez to end his long feud with Mysterio.[43]
On January 18 Del Rio's NXT rookie Conor O'Brian became the second contestant eliminated from the competition.[44] The following week the rookies competed in a fatal four way match in which the winner would be able to change their pro. Brodus Clay won the match and chose Del Rio as his new pro.[45] After the conclusion of NXT, Clay was hired as the bodyguard of Del Rio.[46] On January 30, 2011, Del Rio defeated 39 other participants to win the 2011 Royal Rumble and earn the right to compete for either the World Heavyweight Championship or the WWE Championship at WrestleMania XXVII by last eliminating Santino Marella.[47] The following night on Raw, Del Rio chose to compete for the World Heavyweight Championship, which, at the time of his choosing, was held by Edge.[48] At Elimination Chamber, Del Rio attacked Edge, after he had successfully defended his World Heavyweight Championship and solidified his spot as Del Rio's opponent at WrestleMania. However, Edge managed to come out the exchange victorious, after Christian made a return from his injury and attacked Del Rio.[49] On the March 18 episode of SmackDown, Del Rio and Christian finally had their first one–on–one match inside a steel cage, in which Christian was victorious.[50] At WrestleMania XXVII, Del Rio was unsuccessful in his World Heavyweight Championship match against Edge.[51] On the following episode of SmackDown, Del Rio defeated Christian to earn a rematch against Edge at Extreme Rules.[52] However, when Edge unexpectedly announced his retirement from professional wrestling on the April 11 episode of Raw, Del Rio was instead booked to face Christian in a ladder match for the vacant World Heavyweight Championship.[53]
Raw and WWE Champion (2011)[link]
On the April 25, 2011, episode of Raw, Del Rio was drafted from SmackDown to Raw.[54] Ricardo Rodriguez moved to Raw with him, while Brodus Clay remained on SmackDown. On May 1 at Extreme Rules, Christian defeated Del Rio in a ladder match to win the vacant World Heavyweight Championship.[55] On the May 23 episode of Raw, Del Rio slapped the Big Show after he had gotten into a confrontation with Ricardo Rodriguez. After competing in a match, Show was run over by Del Rio's car, being driven by Rodriguez, leaving him sidelined with a storyline knee injury.[56] Big Show made his return three weeks later, chasing Del Rio out of the ring and beating Rodriguez down.[57] On June 19 at Capitol Punishment, Del Rio defeated Big Show via referee stoppage, when Show was unable to continue the match as a result of a pre-match assault by Mark Henry.[58] On the June 27 episode of Raw, Del Rio defeated Big Show in a steel cage match, again with help from Mark Henry.[59] On July 17 at Money in the Bank, Del Rio defeated Alex Riley, Evan Bourne, Jack Swagger, Kofi Kingston, The Miz, R-Truth and Rey Mysterio in a Money in the Bank ladder match to earn the right to challenge for the WWE Championship whenever and wherever he wanted, while also becoming the first wrestler in history to win a Royal Rumble and a Money in the Bank match in the same year. Following the orders of Vince McMahon, Del Rio attempted to cash in his contract later that same night on CM Punk, who had just defeated John Cena for the WWE Championship, but was attacked and laid out by him before he could do so.[60] Del Rio eventually cashed in his contract on August 14 at SummerSlam, challenging CM Punk after the main event, where he had defeated John Cena to become the undisputed WWE Champion. Between the two matches, Punk was attacked by Kevin Nash, which led to Del Rio scoring a quick pinfall victory to win the WWE Championship for the first time.[61] In winning the title, Del Rio became the first ever Mexican-born WWE Champion.[62] On September 18 at Night of Champions, Del Rio lost the WWE Championship to John Cena.[63][64] Del Rio regained the title on October 2 at Hell in a Cell by defeating Cena and CM Punk in a Hell in a Cell match.[65] On October 23 at Vengeance, Del Rio successfully defended the WWE Championship against John Cena in a Last Man Standing match, following interference from The Miz and R-Truth.[66] On November 20 at Survivor Series, Del Rio lost the WWE Championship to CM Punk.[67] Del Rio received a rematch for the WWE Championship on the November 28 episode of Raw, but was defeated after CM Punk dropped him onto an exposed turnbuckle, managing to avoid a disqualification, which would have cost him the title, in the process.[68] On December 18 at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs, Del Rio failed again to recapture the WWE Championship in a Triple Threat Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match, also involving CM Punk and The Miz.[69] The following night on Raw, Del Rio suffered a torn groin muscle, which would require surgery and sideline him for four to six weeks.[70]
Return to SmackDown (2012)[link]
Del Rio made his return at a WWE house show in San Francisco on February 11, 2012, arm wrestling Sheamus to a no contest.[71] On February 19 at Elimination Chamber, Del Rio made an appearance to show support to Raw General Manager John Laurinaitis.[72] Del Rio returned on the April 2 episode of Raw, confronting World Heavyweight Champion Sheamus and vowing to become the next champion.[73] On the following episode of SmackDown, Del Rio defeated Sheamus via disqualification in a non-title match to earn a shot at the World Heavyweight Championship.[74] On the April 20 episode of SmackDown, it was announced that Del Rio and Ricardo Rodriguez had been officially traded from Raw to SmackDown.[75] On May 20 at Over the Limit, Del Rio failed to capture the World Heavyweight Championship from Sheamus in a Fatal Four-Way match, also involving Chris Jericho and Randy Orton.[76] On the following episode of SmackDown, Del Rio defeated Kane and Randy Orton in a Triple Threat match to become the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship at No Way Out.[77]
Mixed martial arts[link]
| Dos Caras, Jr. | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1977-05-25) May 25, 1977 (age 35) San Luis Potosí, Mexico |
| Nationality | Mexican |
| Height | 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in)[78] |
| Weight | 96 kg (210 lb; 15.1 st)[8] |
| Division | Heavyweight |
| Style | Professional wrestling |
| Fighting out of | San Luis Potosí, Mexico |
| Mixed martial arts record | |
| Total | 14 |
| Wins | 9 |
| By knockout | 2 |
| By submission | 7 |
| Losses | 5 |
| By knockout | 2 |
| By submission | 1 |
| By decision | 1 |
| By disqualification | 1 |
| Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog | |
After making his professional wrestling debut in 2000, Dos Caras, Jr. decided to try his hand at mixed martial arts (MMA). After training with MMA fighter and trainer Marco Ruas, Caras, Jr. made his debut for Japanese MMA organisation Deep using both his wrestling name and luchador mask.[7] In his first match he demonstrated his professional wrestling background by executing a belly-to-belly suplex on opponent Kengo Watanabe, a move that broke Watanabe's arm to end the match.[79] In Caras, Jr.'s second match he lost to Watanabe by submission in the second round.[79]
In 2003 Japanese MMA organization Pride Fighting Championships put out an open challenge for anyone to face their top star Mirko "Cro Cop" Filipović in a match. Over 50 competitors stepped forward, including a couple of Japanese professional wrestlers, out of the group Dos Caras, Jr. was chosen since he had an MMA background and also a "name" due to his and his father's association with professional wrestling. Pride rules were amended to allow Dos Caras, Jr. to wear his signature mask in the match against Filipović.[80] On October 5 Dos Caras, Jr. faced Cro Cop with his father, Dos Caras, and his cousin, Sicodelico, Jr. in his corner. The match lasted 46 seconds before Filipović hit Dos Caras, Jr. with one of his signature moves, the left high kick, and knocked him out.[81] Following the quick loss, Dos Caras, Jr. has competed in eight further MMA matches, attaining six wins and only two defeats with seven overall wins coming via submission.[79]
Mixed martial arts record[link]
| Professional record breakdown | ||
| 14 matches | 9 wins | 5 losses |
| By knockout | 2 | 2 |
| By submission | 7 | 1 |
| By decision | 0 | 1 |
| By disqualification | 0 | 1 |
| Result | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loss | 9-5 |  Yamamoto Hanshi |
TKO (punches) | Cage of Combat 4 - Spanish Bombs | 02010-02-27February 27, 2010 | 2 | 2:47 | Madrid, Spain | |
| Win | 9-4 |  Arthur Bart |
KO (head kick) | Cage of Combat 3 - San Vale Todo | 02010-02-13February 13, 2010 | 1 | 3:51 | Torreón, Mexico | |
| Win | 8-4 | Toshiyuki Moriya |
Submission (neck crank) | COC I - Cage of Combat I | 02009-12-26December 26, 2009 | 1 | 3:17 | Veracruz, Veracruz | |
| Win | 7-4 | Ignacio Laguna |
Submission (rear naked choke) | Berkman MMA Promotions I | 02008-12-15December 15, 2008 | 2 | 2:36 | Mexico City, Mexico | |
| Win | 6-4 | Hato Kiyoshi |
Submission (rear naked choke) | MMA Xtreme 17 | 02007-12-15December 15, 2007 | 2 | 2:31 | Honduras | |
| Win | 5-4 | Joao Tua |
Submission (guillotine choke) | MMA Xtreme 14 | 02007-10-13October 13, 2007 | 1 | 2:41 | Honduras | |
| Win | 4-4 | George King |
Submission (rear naked choke) | VFX: Vale Tudo Fighters Mexico |
02007-05-27May 27, 2007 | 1 | 4:00 | Tláhuac, Mexico | |
| Loss | 3-4 | Kazuhiro Nakamura |
Decision (unanimous) | Pride 27 | 02004-02-01February 1, 2004 | 3 | 5:00 | Osaka, Japan | |
| Loss | 3-3 | Mirko Filipović |
KO (head kick) | Pride Bushido 1 | 02003-10-05October 5, 2003 | 1 | 0:46 | Saitama, Saitama, Japan | |
| Win | 3-2 | Brad Kohler |
Submission (shoulder injury) | Deep (mixed martial arts): 12th Impact | 02003-09-15September 15, 2003 | 1 | 1:25 | Tokyo, Japan | |
| Loss | 2-2 | Hiroyuki Ito |
DQ (grabbing the ropes) | Deep (mixed martial arts): 9th Impact | 02003-05-05May 5, 2003 | 1 | 3:21 | Tokyo, Japan | |
| Win | 2-1 | Tatsuaki Nakano |
Submission (rear naked choke) | Deep (mixed martial arts): 6th Impact | 02002-09-07September 7, 2002 | 1 | 4:05 | Tokyo, Japan | |
| Loss | 1-1 | Kengo Watanabe |
Submission (rear naked choke) | Deep (mixed martial arts): 4th Impact | 02002-03-30March 30, 2002 | 2 | 3:52 | Nagoya, Japan | |
| Win | 1-0 | Kengo Watanabe |
TKO (broken arm, due to belly to belly suplex) | Deep (mixed martial arts): 2nd Impact | 02001-08-18August 18, 2001 | 1 | 0:50 | Yokohama, Japan |
In wrestling[link]
- Finishing moves
- As Alberto Del Rio
- Cross Armbreaker (Flying cross armbar)[1][5][6][82]
- As Dos Caras, Jr.
- As Alberto Del Rio
- Signature moves
- Bridging / Release German suplex[85][86]
- Diving senton[64]
- Double knee armbreaker[36][87]
- Double knee backbreaker[64]
- Fireman's carry double knee gutbuster[49][88]
- Leapfrog body guillotine[89]
- Single arm DDT[90]
- Step-up enzuigiri,[91][92] sometimes to an opponent on the top rope[93][94]
- Tilt-a-whirl backbreaker[64]
- Entrance themes
- "Realeza" by Jim Johnston featuring Mariachi Real de Mexico[100] (WWE; August 20, 2010–present)
Championships and accomplishments[link]
Amateur wrestling[link]
- World Junior Championships
- Third place (1997)
- Central American and Caribbean Games
- First place (3 times)
- Pan American Games
- Placed (1 time)
Professional wrestling[link]
Luchas de Apuestas record[link]
See also: Luchas de Apuestas
| Wager | Winner | Loser | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mask | Dos Caras, Jr. | Darketo | Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico | 02003-03-06March 6, 2003 | [10] |
References[link]
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- ^ Tedesco, Mike (2010-10-09). "Smackdown Results - 10/8/10". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1286599246. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
- ^ "Debuta luchador mexicano en la WWE". El Siglo de Torreón. 2010-08-25. http://www.elsiglodetorreon.com.mx/noticia/551892.debuta-luchador-mexicano-en-la-wwe.html. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
- ^ Serc-X (2011-07-27). "Nuevos planes para Alberto Del Río". WWE en Vivo. http://wweenvivo.com/2011/07/nuevos-planes-para-alberto-del-rio-2.html. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
- ^ Passero, Mitch (2010-11-19). "Results: Survival mode". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/smackdown/results/. Retrieved 2010-11-25.
- ^ Adkins, Greg (2011-01-10). "Results: Tennessee titan". World Wrestling Entertainment. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/archive/01102011/mainarticle. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
- ^ Gerweck, Steve (2010-10-08). "10/7 WWE Results: Monterrey, Mexico". WrestleView. http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1286578030. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
- ^ "WWE: Realeza (Alberto Del Rio) (feat. Mariachi Real De Mexico) - Single". iTunes Store. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/wwe-realeza-alberto-del-rio/id434217816. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ ""PWI 500": 1–100". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. 2011-08-09. http://prowrestlingillustrated.blogspot.com/2011/08/pwi-500-1-100.html. Retrieved 2011-08-09.
- ^ "History of the WWE Championship: Alberto Del Rio's first reign". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/25030342. Retrieved 2011-09-18.
- ^ "History of the WWE Championship: Alberto Del Rio's second reign". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/25037082. Retrieved 2011-10-02.
- ^ Meltzer, Dave (January 26, 2011). "Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue". Wrestling Observer Newsletter (Campbell, CA): 1–40. ISSN 10839593.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Alberto Del Rio |
- WWE Profile
- Online World of Wrestling Profile
- Debut in Japan - Gallery 1 / Gallery 2
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Del Rio, Alberto |
| Alternative names | Dos Caras, Jr.; Rodríguez, Alberto; Banderas, Alberto; Dorado; Dos; Dos Caras; El Dorado; El Hijo de Dos Caras |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | May 25, 1977 |
| Place of birth | San Luis Potosí, Mexico |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Alberto_Del_Rio
Related pages:
http://itwn.com/Alberto Rodríguez (wrestler)
http://cswn.com/Alberto Del Rio
http://eswn.com/Alberto Rodríguez (luchador)
http://ruwn.com/Дель Рио, Альберто
http://nlwn.com/Alberto Rodríguez (worstelaar)
http://ptwn.com/Alberto Del Rio
http://plwn.com/Alberto Del Rio
http://frwn.com/Dos Caras, Jr.
http://dewn.com/Alberto Del Rio
http://hiwn.com/एल्बेरतो देल रियो
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Del_Rio
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| CM Punk | |
|---|---|
 Punk at the 2011 Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards |
|
| Ring name(s) | CM Punk[1] |
| Billed height | 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)[1] |
| Billed weight | 218 lb (99 kg)[1] |
| Born | (1978-10-26) October 26, 1978 (age 33) Chicago, Illinois[2] |
| Resides | Lockport, Illinois |
| Billed from | Chicago, Illinois[1] |
| Trained by | Ace Steel[3] Danny Dominion[4] Kevin Quinn[4] Dave Taylor[5] Fit Finlay[5] William Regal[5] Steel Dominion Wrestling School[5] |
| Debut | 1999[6] |
| Website | CMPunk.com |
Phillip Jack Brooks[7] (born October 26, 1978),[2] better known by his ring name CM Punk, is an American professional wrestler signed to WWE and appearing on its Raw brand as the reigning WWE Champion.
In professional wrestling, Brooks is a seven time World Champion, having held the ROH World Championship and ECW Championship once, the World Heavyweight Championship three times and the WWE Championship twice.
In addition to these championships Punk has also won the World Tag Team Championship (with Kofi Kingston), and the WWE Intercontinental Championship making him the nineteenth WWE Triple Crown Champion and the man to achieve this honor fastest at 203 days.[8] Between WWE and Ring of Honor (where he is also a two-time World Tag Team Champion), Punk has won a total of eleven championships. He was also the winner of the 2008 and 2009 Money in the Bank ladder matches (the only wrestler to win the match twice in a row),[9] and was the 2011 Superstar of the Year Slammy Award winner.[10]
Punk initially came to prominence through his career on the professional wrestling independent circuit, primarily as a member of the ROH roster, where he was the first head trainer of the ROH wrestling school as well as winning both of their championships. In 2005, Punk signed a contract with WWE and was sent to its developmental promotion, Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he won every championship available in the promotion. Throughout his career, Punk has consistently used the gimmick of being straight edge, a lifestyle he follows in his actual day-to-day life.[4] Depending on Punk's alignment as a crowd favorite or villain, he emphasizes different aspects of the culture to encourage the desired audience reaction.[4]
Contents
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Professional wrestling career[link]
Early career[link]
Punk's first venture into wrestling was a stint in a backyard wrestling federation called the Lunatic Wrestling Federation with his friends and brother Mike Brooks in the mid-late 1990s. He first started using the ring name CM Punk when he was put into a tag team named the Chick Magnets with CM Venom after another performer skipped out on the card.[4][11][12] Unlike his friends, Punk genuinely wanted to be a wrestler and saw it as more than simple fun.[4] When the promotion started taking off, doing spot shows out of a warehouse in Mokena, Illinois, Punk found out that his brother Mike had embezzled thousands of dollars from the small company, causing them to become estranged. They have not spoken since.[13]
He soon left the federation and enrolled as a student at the "Steel Dominion" wrestling school in Chicago, where he was trained by Ace Steel,[3] Danny Dominion and Kevin Quinn to become a professional wrestler. As part of the training, he wrestled at Steel Domain Wrestling in St. Paul, Minnesota.[4][5] It was in the Steel Domain that he met Scott Colton,[14][15] who soon adopted the stage name Colt Cabana. Punk and Cabana became best friends and spent most of their early career together working in the same independent circuit promotions, as opponents or allies.[14] In the independents, Punk, along with fellow Steel Domain graduates Colt Cabana, Chuckee Smooth, Adam Pearce and manager Dave Prazak, formed an alliance named the Gold Bond Mafia.[4]
Independent Wrestling Association: Mid-South (2000–2005)[link]
Punk's home promotion for his early career is usually considered to be Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South (IWA:Mid-South).[4] During Punk's time in IWA:Mid-South, he had high profile feuds with Colt Cabana and Chris Hero while also rising to the top of the roster winning the IWA Mid-South Light Heavyweight Championship twice and the IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship on five separate occasions, beating stars like A.J. Styles, Cabana and even Eddie Guerrero for that Championship. Punk's feud with Hero included a 55-minute TLC match,[4] a 93-minute two out of three falls match,[5] and several 60-minute time limit draws.[15]
Punk's matches with Cabana led him to being hired by the Ring of Honor promotion.[5] From February 2003 until May 2004, Punk refused to wrestle for IWA:Mid-South, because he claims that this was in protest to Ian Rotten's mistreatment of Chris Hero in the company.[4] Hero, however, has stated he believes there were other reasons, and Rotten's treatment of him was just an excuse by Punk to stop working for the company.[16] Eventually Punk returned to IWA:Mid-South and continued to perform as a wrestler and commentator for them until 2005 when he was signed to World Wrestling Entertainment. His last appearance in IWA:Mid-South was on July 2, 2005 in which he competed in a 60-minute time limit draw against Delirious.[17]
Ring of Honor and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling[link]
Storylines with Raven (2002–2004)[link]
See also: Second City Saints and The Gathering
Initially, Punk joined Ring of Honor (ROH) as a crowd favorite,[4] but quickly became a villain in a feud with Raven that featured numerous variants of no disqualification matches.[18] Their rivalry lasted most of 2003 and was considered one of ROH's top feuds of the year,[19] and was based around Punk's straight-edge lifestyle, with him likening Raven to his alcoholic father.[20] Their rivalry was settled at The Conclusion in November 2003, where Punk defeated Raven in a Steel Cage match.[18] At the same time, Punk joined the wrestling promotion NWA Total Nonstop Action (TNA), in which he was paired with Julio Dinero as members of Raven's TNA alliance The Gathering.[4]
Punk started climbing the ranks of ROH, including coming in second at the Second Anniversary Show during the tournament to crown the first ROH Pure Champion, losing to A.J. Styles in the finals[18] and winning the ROH Tag Team Championship twice with Colt Cabana as the Second City Saints. Both times Punk and Cabana defeated the Briscoe Brothers to win the championship.[21] Circa October 2003, Punk was hired as the first head trainer of the Ring of Honor wrestling school,[4][22] having previously been a trainer for the Steel Domain[4] and Primetime Wrestling.[23]
Shortly before a TNA show on February 25, 2004, Punk had a physical scuffle with Teddy Hart outside of a restaurant that was broken up by Sabu. The scuffle reportedly stemmed from an ROH show in which Hart performed three unplanned spots putting several other wrestlers in danger of injury.[24][25] Around the time of the scuffle, Punk and Dinero stopped appearing on TNA shows, leading to speculation he was fired for the incident.[26] Punk, however, has stated that the scuffle had no bearing on his TNA career.[26] He said the reason he and Dinero stopped appearing on TNA pay-per-views was that TNA officials believed that he and Dinero had not connected with the fans as villains, having turned against the popular Raven and instead formed a villainous tag team managed by James Mitchell.[26] The officials decided that as the teams as villains was not working decided to put the storyline on hold indefinitely, and thus had no work for Punk or Dinero.[26] Punk officially quit TNA in March 2004 during the Rob Feinstein controversy, after having a dispute with the TNA offices over his ability to compete in ROH following a TNA order that their contracted wrestlers were to no longer wrestle in ROH.[27]
Pursuit of the World Championship (2004–2005)[link]
In ROH, Punk faced off against ROH World Champion Samoa Joe for the championship in a three match series. The first match, on June 12, 2004 at World Title Classic in Dayton, Ohio, resulted in a 60-minute time limit draw when neither Punk nor Joe could pin or cause the other to submit in the 60 minutes. The second match between Punk and Joe was planned for December 4, 2004; however, due to Steve Corino being pulled from a match with Joe by Pro Wrestling ZERO-ONE, the second match was hastily rescheduled on October 11, 2004 for October 16 in Punk's hometown of Chicago.[15] At Joe vs. Punk II on October 16, they wrestled to a second 60-minute draw.[18] In addition to Joe vs. Punk II becoming Ring of Honor's best-selling DVD at the time, the match received a five-star rating by Dave Meltzer's Wrestling Observer Newsletter. It was the first match in North America to receive a five-star rating in seven years—the last one being the Hell in a Cell match between Shawn Michaels and The Undertaker at Badd Blood: In Your House in 1997.[15] Joe ended the series by defeating Punk in the third and final match on December 4, 2004 at All-Star Extravaganza 2 in which there was a no time limit stipulation.[18]
In June 2005, Punk accepted a deal with World Wrestling Entertainment, after a try-out match against Val Venis on its Sunday Night Heat show. Even though he had accepted the deal, Punk went on to defeat Austin Aries with his Pepsi Plunge move, winning the ROH World Championship on June 18, 2005 at Death Before Dishonor III.[21] Immediately after the match, Punk proceeded to become a villain and started a storyline where he threatened to bring the ROH World Championship to WWE with him. For weeks, Punk teased the ROH locker room and the ROH fans as well as mocking the championship he possessed, going so far as to sign his WWE contract on it. During the storyline, Mick Foley made several ROH appearances, attempting to convince Punk to do the right thing and defend the title on his way out. On August 12, 2005 in Dayton, Ohio, Punk lost the ROH World Championship to James Gibson in a four corner elimination match consisting of himself, Gibson, Samoa Joe and Christopher Daniels, who re-debuted after a year-and-half absence.[21] Punk's final scheduled match in Ring of Honor took place at Punk: The Final Chapter on August 13, 2005 against long-time friend Colt Cabana in a two out of three falls match, which he lost.[18] In his last match, Punk was visibly crying and was showered with streamers when he posed in the middle of the ring.
Punk made a special appearance at the ROH show Unscripted II on February 11, 2006, when the original card had to be scrapped due to Low Ki leaving ROH the week prior.[18] In addition, most of the ROH roster contracted to TNA were pulled from the show because of a snowstorm that TNA officials thought might prevent performers from reaching a pay-per-view scheduled the next day.[28][29] In the main event, Punk teamed with Bryan Danielson to wrestle and ultimately defeat Jimmy Rave and Adam Pearce in a tag team match.[29]
World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE[link]
Ohio Valley Wrestling (2005–2006)[link]
In September 2005, Punk was assigned to Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), a WWE developmental territory. He made his debut on September 8, 2005, in a dark match, where he, Nigel McGuinness and Paul Burchill were defeated by Deuce Shade, Elijah Burke and Seth Skyfire.[30] On September 26, 2005 in his OVW television debut, Punk suffered a ruptured eardrum and broken nose after Danny Inferno hit him with an overly stiff right hand. Despite the injury, Punk finished the match and quickly recovered.[31][32]
On November 9, 2005, Punk became the OVW Television Champion after defeating Ken Doane,[31] which immediately led to a feud between Punk and Brent Albright, who had previously been feuding with Doane for the Television Championship and had lost his chance to wrestle Doane after Punk hit him with a chair so he himself could wrestle Doane. They wrestled in series of matches, including one that ended in overtime with Albright having Punk submit to Albright's finisher, the Crowbar, but Punk was able to keep the championship, as he had not agreed to the extra time.[31] On January 4, 2006, Punk lost the OVW Television Championship during a three way dance among himself, Albright and Doane. Doane was injured halfway through the match and was replaced by Aaron "The Idol" Stevens. Punk submitted to Albright's Crowbar and was eliminated, but he returned later in the match to distract Albright allowing Stevens to pin Albright and become the new OVW Television Champion.[33] The feud continued after a short period in which Albright and Punk were a tag team, but they became opponents again after Albright wanted the respect of Punk, who would never give it to him, and instead proceeded to "punk out" (get the better of) Albright repeatedly. This feud continued for weeks with Punk always getting the better of Albright until a double turn occurred on February 1, 2006 when Albright became a villain during a tag match, allowing the Spirit Squad to beat Punk and, in doing so, making Punk a crowd favorite.[33] During this time, Punk had a minor appearance at WrestleMania 22 on April 2, 2006 as one of the gangsters who rode a 1930s era car to the ring before John Cena's entrance.[34]
After Matt Cappotelli vacated the OVW Heavyweight Championship because of a brain tumor in February 2006, a tournament was held to crown a new champion. The finals were Brent Albright vs. CM Punk with Albright defeating Punk to become the new champion.[33] Punk and Albright continued their feud, with Albright becoming more unstable and paranoid about maintaining his championship after several close call matches against Punk, resulting in acts such as threatening Maria. On May 3, 2006, Punk finally defeated Albright in a strap match to win the OVW Heavyweight Championship.[33] As champion, Punk retained the title in matches against opponents such as Shad Gaspard,[33] Ken Kennedy,[33] Johnny Jeter[33] and Mike "The Miz" Mizanin.[35]
On July 28, 2006, Punk and Seth Skyfire defeated Shad Gaspard and the Neighborhoodie to win the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship at a house show.[36] They lost the Tag Team Championship on August 2, 2006 to Deuce Shade and "Domino" Cliff Compton after an injured Skyfire tagged in an already injured Punk.[33] This altercation led to a feud between Punk and Skyfire after a rematch for the Tag Team Championship on August 7, 2006 in which a healthy Punk purposefully tagged in an injured Skyfire to be beaten by Shade and Compton.[33] On August 30, 2006, a match was scheduled to take place between Punk and Skyfire for the OVW Heavyweight Championship. Prior to the match, however, Skyfire was attacked by Charles "The Hammer" Evans, with whom Skyfire had also been feuding, and was replaced in the match by Chet Jablonski (Chet the Jet) who pinned Punk to win the OVW Heavyweight Championship.[33] As Punk no longer possessed the championship, OVW no longer required him. He was removed from the roster and brought up to the WWE roster full-time. He continued to make sporadic appearances for the company, such as at the 400th episode of OVW on television,[33] up until WWE announced it was ending its developmental territory agreement with OVW on February 7, 2008.[37]
ECW (2006–2008)[link]
On June 24, 2006, Punk made his ECW debut during a house show at the former ECW Arena, defeating Stevie Richards.[38] He made his TV debut on the July 4 episode of ECW on Sci Fi, cutting a brief pre-taped promo about his straight edge lifestyle emphasizing the disciplinary aspects of being drug and alcohol free.[39] Although he had retained the straight edge gimmick, he now had a Muay Thai training background. Punk made his TV wrestling debut on August 1, 2006 at the Hammerstein Ballroom, defeating Justin Credible.[40] CM Punk established himself in ECW by going undefeated, defeating opponents such as Christopher W. Anderson,[41] Stevie Richards[42] and Shannon Moore.[43]
Soon after, Punk began feuding with Mike Knox after Knox's girlfriend, Kelly Kelly, was seen to have feelings for Punk.[43] Punk defeated Knox in their first singles match (qualifying for the Extreme Elimination Chamber at December to Dismember in the process)[44] as well as the rematch, after which Kelly Kelly celebrated CM Punk's victory over her boyfriend.[45] Punk then teamed with D-Generation X and the Hardy Boyz in their Survivor Series match against Rated-RKO, Knox, Johnny Nitro and Gregory Helms, a match in which all the participants on DX's side survived elimination.[46] At December to Dismember, Punk participated in the Elimination Chamber for the ECW World Championship; however, he was the first person eliminated by Rob Van Dam.[47]
Following the pay-per-view, Punk entered into a feud with Hardcore Holly, who ended Punk's six-month unbeaten streak in singles competition on January 9, 2007.[48] Punk went on to feud with Matt Striker, who gave him his second singles loss since being in ECW on January 30.[49] Punk then qualified for the Money in the Bank ladder match at WrestleMania 23 by defeating Johnny Nitro.[50] In the final week leading up to WrestleMania 23, Punk made appearances on both Raw and Friday Night SmackDown!, defeating Kenny Dykstra[51] and former World Heavyweight Champion King Booker,[52] respectively. At WrestleMania 23, Punk competed in, but did not win, the Money in the Bank ladder match, being knocked off the ladder just seconds before the winner, Mr. Kennedy, claimed the briefcase.[53]
On the April 10, 2007 episode of ECW on Sci Fi, Punk briefly became a villain by officially joining the New Breed alliance,[54] after several weeks in which both the New Breed and the ECW Originals had attempted to recruit him.[55][56] Two weeks later, however, Punk betrayed the New Breed during a four on four elimination match between the New Breed and ECW Originals by kicking New Breed leader Elijah Burke in the back of the head and costing them the match. After the match, Punk proceeded to deliver his finisher, the Go To Sleep, on Burke and sarcastically apologized before leaving the ring alone, becoming a fan favorite again. WWE.com later confirmed that Punk was no longer a member of the New Breed.[57] At Judgment Day, Punk wrestled and defeated Burke in his first singles match on a pay-per-view.[58] Punk then went on to One Night Stand and teamed up with Tommy Dreamer and The Sandman in a tables match to defeat the New Breed.[59]
When ECW World Champion Bobby Lashley was drafted to Raw and stripped of the ECW World Championship, a mini-tournament was announced to declare a new champion among Punk, Elijah Burke, Marcus Cor Von and Chris Benoit. Punk defeated Marcus Cor Von on the June 19, 2007 episode of ECW on Sci Fi. By doing so, CM Punk was meant to face Chris Benoit at Vengeance: Night of Champions for the vacant ECW World Championship.[60] Benoit, however, was hastily replaced by Johnny Nitro when Benoit no-showed the event due to what was described on-air as "personal reasons". Nitro subsequently defeated Punk at Vengeance for the vacant championship.[61] Punk won another shot at the title at The Great American Bash against Nitro, who had changed his moniker to John Morrison by this point; however, Punk was defeated again by Morrison.[62] The next week, Punk challenged Elijah Burke and Tommy Dreamer in a triple threat match to determine the next competitor in Morrison's 15 Minutes of Fame Challenge, in which Punk came out victorious.[63] A week later, Punk defeated Morrison with the Go To Sleep to earn an ECW Championship title match at SummerSlam. At SummerSlam, however, Punk lost the match when Morrison used the ropes for leverage.[64]
At the September 1, 2007 (aired September 4) ECW taping, in a "last chance" title match, Punk defeated Morrison for the ECW Championship.[65] Punk then went on to have successful title defenses against the likes of Elijah Burke (at Unforgiven),[66] Big Daddy V via disqualification (at No Mercy)[67] and The Miz (at Cyber Sunday).[68] On the November 6, 2007 episode of ECW, Punk retained the ECW Championship in a match against Morrison following The Miz's interference.[69] At Survivor Series, Punk retained his title in a Triple Threat match, beating The Miz and John Morrison.[70] On the January 22, 2008 episode of ECW, Chavo Guerrero defeated CM Punk in a No Disqualification match to win the ECW Championship after Edge, (acting as a guest commentator at ringside) ran in and speared Punk.[71]
Money in the Bank and World Heavyweight Champion (2008–2009)[link]
At WrestleMania XXIV, Punk won the Money in the Bank ladder match, after defeating Chris Jericho, Montel Vontavious Porter, Shelton Benjamin, John Morrison, Mr. Kennedy and Carlito.[72]
On the June 23, 2008 episode of Raw, CM Punk was drafted to the Raw brand during the 2008 WWE Draft.[73] His first night on Raw came the following week, and he made an immediate impact. After Batista beat down World Heavyweight Champion Edge and left him lying in the ring, Punk and referee Mike Chioda ran to the ring with Punk carrying his Money in the Bank contract. Moments later, as Edge was struggling to get up, Punk hit him with the Go to Sleep and pinned him to win the World Heavyweight Championship. Later that night, Punk won his first defense of the title against JBL, who challenged him shortly after his win.[74] His win over Edge would eventually also earn Punk the Slammy Award for the "Oh my God" Moment of the Year.[75] Punk continued to hold and defend the title until Unforgiven on September 7, 2008. Before the Championship Scramble match, Punk was attacked by an early version of The Legacy (Randy Orton, Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase with Manu). Orton finished the assault by punting Punk in the head.[76] It was announced that Punk could not participate in the match due to the attack and, as a result, he involuntarily forfeited the title. However, Punk was replaced by Chris Jericho, who went on to win the match and the title.[77] He received a rematch eight days later on the September 15 episode of Raw, where he failed to regain the title in a steel cage match against Jericho.[78]
On the October 27, 2008 episode of Raw, Punk and Kofi Kingston defeated Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase to win the World Tag Team Championship.[79] The duo were members of Team Batista at Survivor Series, where their team lost to Team Orton.[80] Punk was then entered in an Intercontinental Championship Tournament, in which the winner would get to challenge for the championship in the future. He would defeat Snitsky and John Morrison in the first two rounds.[81] Punk and Kingston lost the World Tag Team Championship to John Morrison and The Miz at a live event on December 13, 2008.[82] The next day Punk defeated Rey Mysterio at Armageddon to win the tournament.[81] On the January 5 episode of Raw, Punk received his title match against William Regal, which ended in a disqualification, when Regal grabbed the referee's jersey.[83] Due to this, Stephanie McMahon awarded Punk a rematch the following week, but this time it was himself that was disqualified.[84] McMahon awarded him another rematch, this time a No Disqualification match on January 19 episode of Raw, Punk won the match and the title.[85] With this win, he became the nineteenth Triple Crown Champion. Also, the victory made him the man to accomplish the Triple Crown in the fastest amount of time, shattering Kevin Nash's old record.[86] Punk lost the title on the March 9 episode of Raw to John "Bradshaw" Layfield.[87] At WrestleMania XXV, Punk won the Money in the Bank ladder match and became the first person to win the match twice.[88]
On April 13, 2009 during the 2009 WWE Draft, Punk was drafted from Raw to SmackDown.[89] In the period after the draft, Punk feuded with Umaga over Umaga's repeated surprise attacks while Punk was attempting to cash in his Money in the Bank Contract. This ultimately resulted in a Samoan strap match at Extreme Rules, which was won by Punk.[90]
At the end of the pay-per-view, Punk cashed in his Money in the Bank contract to defeat Jeff Hardy for the World Heavyweight Championship.[91] Punk retained his title in a Triple Threat match against both Edge and Hardy eight days later on the June 15 episode of Raw.[92] At The Bash in Sacramento, California, Punk lost to Hardy by disqualification after kicking the referee after being afflicted with a storyline eye injury, claiming he could not see the referee, but because titles do not change hands on a disqualification, Punk retained the championship. Hardy called Punk into question about his eye injury, believing he had been feigning it, leading Punk to turn heel, claiming to be the moral superior of those who support Hardy due to his drug-free lifestyle.[93] At Night of Champions, Punk lost the championship to Hardy.[94] Their feud continued through SummerSlam, where Punk regained the title in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match; afterward, Punk was attacked by The Undertaker.[95] On the August 28 episode of Friday Night SmackDown, Punk concluded his program with Hardy and achieved his booked goal of excising him from the WWE, defeating Hardy in a steel cage match wherein the loser agreed to leave the company.[96] This act would earn Punk a second Slammy that December as he was named winner for 2009's "Shocker of the Year".[97]
At Breaking Point Punk defeated The Undertaker in a submission match to retain the World Heavyweight Championship. Undertaker originally won the match with his Hell's Gate submission hold. SmackDown General Manager Theodore Long re-started the match after stating that the ban that former General Manager Vickie Guerrero had placed on the move was still in effect. Punk would win the match with his Anaconda Vise when referee Scott Armstrong called for the bell despite Undertaker never submitting (reminiscent to the Montreal Screwjob, which took place in the same venue in 1997).[98] The feud between the two continued and at the Hell in a Cell PPV, Punk lost the World Heavyweight Championship to The Undertaker in a Hell in a Cell match.[99] He lost two subsequent rematches against The Undertaker on Smackdown and in a Fatal Four Way match at Bragging Rights also involving Batista and Rey Mysterio.[100][101]
Straight Edge Society and New Nexus (2009–2011)[link]
Main articles: Straight Edge Society and Nexus
His character took on a more sinister demeanor on the November 27 episode of SmackDown when he revealed that he had converted Luke Gallows, who had previously been portrayed as the mentally incompetent wrestler Festus, to the straight-edge lifestyle which had rid him of his mental troubles.[102] Continuing to espouse his straight-edge philosophy, Punk began to present himself as a cult-like savior to the crowd, growing the hair on his head, face and chest in an allusion to Jesus.[103] Through January 2010, Punk began to convert planted members of the audience to a straight-edge lifestyle, making them take a pledge of allegiance to him and shaving their head as a sign of renewal and devotion.[104][105][106] After converting many people who were not seen again, convert Serena began accompanying Punk and Gallows to form the Straight Edge Society.[106][107] As well as leading this alliance, Punk was also the mentor of WWE NXT rookie Darren Young who flirted with the idea of becoming straight-edge before refusing just before his head was to be shaved.[108]
Punk continued to show messianic traits, frequently giving sermons including during the annual Royal Rumble match as well as during an Elimination Chamber match at both of the eponymous pay-per-views.[109][110] In the Chamber match, he was eliminated by Rey Mysterio, whom he had feuding with leading into the PPV. Tensions escalated as Mysterio prevented him from winning a Money in the Bank qualifying match, causing Punk to interrupt Mysterio's celebration of his daughter's ninth birthday.[111] Mysterio challenged Punk to a Street Fight at WrestleMania XXVI but lost to Gallows, meaning Punk picked the stipulation that if Rey lost he would have to join the Society.[112] At WrestleMania, Punk lost to Mysterio[113] sparking a rematch at Extreme Rules where Punk would have to shave his head, like his disciples, if he lost. Punk won this match after interference from a fourth member of the Society who kept his face covered.[114] At Over The Limit, a third and final match was booked with both stipulations reactivated. In the match Punk lost and was subsequently shaved bald.[115]
Embarrassed by being shaved bald as he considered himself always pure unlike his followers, Punk appeared on the following episode of SmackDown, May 29, wearing a mask to hide his baldness.[116] At Fatal 4 Way, Punk challenged for the World Heavyweight Championship against Mysterio, The Big Show and the champion Jack Swagger, but was unsuccessful when he was attacked by Kane, who was accusing various people of attacking The Undertaker.[117] On July 16's SmackDown, Punk was finally unmasked by Big Show while healing from an arm injury.[118] The following week Show also unmasked the anonymous member of the Straight Edge Society who was revealed to be Joey Mercury.[119] This led to a handicap match at SummerSlam where Show defeated the entire Society after Punk abandoned his teammates.[120] Show also beat Punk in a singles match at Night of Champions.[121] Following this Serena was released from WWE[122] while Mercury became injured,[123] severely thinning the Society. Gallows began showing signs of dissension too, and Punk defeated him on SmackDown, airing September 24, ending the group.[124]
Punk was traded back to the Raw brand on October 11 after being swapped with Edge. He took part in the interbrand tag team match at Bragging Rights after injuring Evan Bourne to win a place,[125] but the team lost. It was reported later that he was suffering with a hip injury that would stop him from competing.[126] To keep a presence on television, he began commentating on Raw from November 22,[127] having already commentated one episode of NXT. During his commentary, he criticized John Cena for his actions against The Nexus. Sometimes he favored heel wrestlers over face wrestlers. At the end of December, Punk left the commentary team after assaulting John Cena on Raw[128] and SmackDown[129] with a chair. Punk later revealed that his motives for the attacks were that he had joined and assumed control of The Nexus.[130] He would then use the group to attack Randy Orton, blaming him for prematurely ending Punk's first World Heavyweight Championship reign in 2008; this led to a WrestleMania XXVII match[131] and a Last Man Standing match at Extreme Rules both of which Punk lost.[132]
WWE Champion (2011–present)[link]
In June, after pinning WWE Champion John Cena on Raw,[133] Rey Mysterio at Capitol Punishment[134] and finally Alberto Del Rio again in a contendership match (which included Mysterio) all within one week, Punk revealed his contract would expire at Money in the Bank and vowed to leave the company with the WWE Championship; some of his speeches and mannerisms echoed his final months with Ring of Honor. After making a scathing on-air speech concerning the way in which WWE is run and its owner Vince McMahon, he was given a storyline suspension from televised WWE events[135] but was reinstated the following week on Cena's insistence.[136] Upon his return Punk ceased to appear with the remaining members of Nexus and the group would quietly dissolve the same month.[137] This helped transition him from a villainous character back to being a fan-favorite. Two weeks later, at Money in the Bank, CM Punk defeated John Cena to become the WWE Champion on his final night under contract with WWE.[136]
On July 21, CM Punk made an unannounced appearance at a joint WWE and Mattel panel at the San Diego Comic Con to mock new Chief operating officer Triple H and offer WWE Championship tournament finalist Rey Mysterio a match for Punk's own WWE Championship, as long as it was in Punk's hometown, Chicago.[138][139] Punk appeared at July 23's All American Wrestling show, showing respect to Gregory Iron, a wrestler with cerebral palsy.[140] Mysterio won the WWE Championship tournament on the July 25 episode of Raw, only to lose it to Cena later that night. After Cena's victory, Punk returned to Raw and upstaged the new WWE Champion's victory celebration while also entering into a title dispute. Triple H would later uphold both Punk and Cena's claims to the WWE Championship as legitimate and schedule the two to a match at SummerSlam to decide the undisputed WWE Champion.[141] Punk prevailed but immediately lost the title to Alberto Del Rio, who had cashed in his Money in the Bank contract, after being attacked by Kevin Nash.[142]
The night after SummerSlam Punk accused Nash of conspiring with Triple H to keep Punk away from the WWE Championship.[143] After repeated confrontations Nash and Punk demanded to face each other at Night of Champions, to which Triple H acquiesced. However, after CM Punk's repeated verbal attacks towards him and his wife Stephanie McMahon, Triple H booked himself to replace Nash.[144] At Night of Champions Punk lost a No Disqualification match after Nash, The Miz, and R-Truth attacked both men.[145] Miz and Truth also attacked Punk at Hell in a Cell after he lost a WWE Championship Triple Threat match.[146] He attempted to avenge this by teaming with Triple H against Miz and Truth at Vengeance, but lost again due to Nash attacking Triple H.[147] This helped transition Punk's anti-establishment voice from Triple H to John Laurinaitis who became the interim Raw General Manager.[148] CM Punk balked at Laurinaitis' promotion and verbally attacked him as a dull yes man.[149][150]
On October 31, CM Punk strong-armed his way into a match with Del Rio at Survivor Series,[151] where he regained the WWE Championship by way of submission with the Anaconda Vise.[152] He went on to defend the title through the end of the year, retaining in a rematch with Del Rio on the November 28 episode of Raw[153] and against both Del Rio and The Miz in a Triple Threat TLC match at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs.[154] On the December 26 episode of Raw, CM Punk was defeated by Dolph Ziggler in a gauntlet match; as a result Ziggler became #1 contender to the WWE championship. Had he been successful Punk would have earned the right to face Laurinaitis in a match.[155] The following Raw, Punk was defeated by Ziggler via countout following interference from Laurinaitis; retaining the championship as a result.[156] Intermeddling from Laurinaitis caused Punk to lose to Ziggler throughout January[157][158] which ultimately led to Punk attacking Laurinaitis in retaliation.[158] At the Royal Rumble event, CM Punk successfully defended his title against Ziggler, despite Laurinaitis acting as the outside enforcer.[159]
On the January 30 episode of Raw SuperShow, Chris Jericho attacked Punk and Daniel Bryan during their Champion vs. Champion match, giving Bryan the win.[160] The following week, Jericho explained his actions by dismissing the WWE roster as imitations of himself and singling out Punk for claiming he was the best in the world, a moniker Jericho used the last time he was in WWE.[161][162] Their rivalry continued through Elimination Chamber where Punk retained the WWE Championship in the namesake structure; while four competitors were eliminated, Jericho was unable to continue the match after being kicked out of the chamber by Punk, causing temporary injury.[163] The following night on Raw, Jericho earned a match against Punk at WrestleMania XXVIII,[164] and in a bid to psychologically unsettle him, he revealed Punk's father was an alcoholic and alleged that his sister was a drug addict, asserting that Punk's straight edge philosophy was paranoia to avoid the same vices and vowing to make Punk turn to alcohol by winning the title from him.[165] John Laurinaitis added the stipulation that the WWE Championship could change hands via disqualification, which led to Jericho inciting Punk into using a weapon, but Punk resisted and retained the title.[166] On the April 2 and 9 episodes of Raw SuperShow, Punk retained the WWE Championship against Mark Henry after losing to him via count-out and disqualification. Following both matches, Jericho attacked Punk and doused him with alcohol.[167][168] On the April 16 episode of Raw SuperShow, Punk pinned Henry in a no disqualification, no countout match to retain his title.[169] After repeated altercations, the feud between Jericho and Punk would culminate in a Chicago Street Fight at Extreme Rules where Punk defeated Jericho to retain the WWE Championship.[170]
Punk renewed an old rivalry with Daniel Bryan at the May event Over the Limit, retaining the title after reversing Bryan's submission hold the "Yes!" Lock into a pinning combination, however, replays would show Punk visibly tapping out moments after the finish of the match.[171]
Gimmick[link]
Punk has adopted his real-life following of the straight edge movement as his professional wrestling gimmick, but the gimmick uses different elements of Punk's personality and the beliefs of the straight edge movement depending on his alignment. While portraying a crowd favorite, the gimmick tends to be that of Punk's normal personality,[4] largely indifferent to others who drink alcohol, smoke tobacco, partake in recreational drug use or have promiscuous sexual behavior, but emphasizing the social discipline involved with abstinence. Conversely, his villainous personality tends to be that of one who is hardline or militant straight edge, exemplifying the elitist attitudes and superiority complexes—defined by Punk's common mantra during villainous-themed promos that, because he is straight edge, he is "better than you".[4] Punk performs the straight edge symbol of crossing his arms in an X formation while having the letter X written on the back of his hands, usually drawn on his wrist tape.
Originally, the initials CM in his ring name represented the phrase "Chick Magnet", the name of the tag team he was in as a backyard wrestler.[4][12] Punk, however, later changed CM into an orphan initialism, declaring that it has no meaning,[5] though when asked since he has taken to making up meanings that fit the initials, going so far as to make up long stories to explain the origins that do not match the actual origin story at all.[5] Since beginning this practice, Punk has stated CM stands for "Cookie Monster",[172] "Cookie Master",[173] "Crooked Moonsault",[174] "Chuck Mosley",[174] "Charles Montgomery",[12] "Charles Manson",[12] "Crazy Mariachi", "Chicago Made",[175] among others.
An integral part of Punk's gimmick are the numerous tattoos that adorn his body, some of which have come to become symbols associated with Punk, as well as mantras and declarations that have been integrated into his gimmick. The tattoos as a whole, due to their large quantity and variety, have also become an attribute identifiable to Punk.[176] The most important of the individual tattoos in Punk's character, whether through association, symbol, or mantra, are:
- A Pepsi Globe logo on his left shoulder that inspired the names of two of his signature moves. It also became a symbol of Punk himself, who wore the logo on his ring gear in the independent circuit, as well as a slightly modified Pepsi logo being used as part of his TitanTron entrance video.[177] Punk, a keen Pepsi drinker, chose to receive a Pepsi tattoo to emphasize his straight edge beliefs.[5] The tattoo is also a reference to former Minor Threat guitarist Brian Baker, who had a Coca-Cola tattoo and explained this by saying "I like Coca-Cola". When people inquire about Punk's Pepsi tattoo, he often replies "I like Pepsi" in a similar fashion.[4]
- The words "Straight Edge" are spelled out on Punk's stomach. This is one of his oldest tattoos;[176] he has referred to it as his identity.[178]
- A sleeve tattoo on his left arm that reads "luck is for losers" and features numerous good luck symbols, including a rabbit's foot, four-leaf clover and a horseshoe.[179] The tattoo also features four ace playing cards as a tribute to trainer Ace Steel.[179]
- A tattoo on the back of his left hand reading "No gimmicks needed", a tribute to deceased wrestler Chris Candido.[180]
- A tattoo across his knuckles with the words "DRUG FREE" ("DRUG" on his right knuckles and "FREE" on his left).[181]
- A tattoo of his little sister's jersey number (31) behind his left ear surrounded by stars, each of which also representing his siblings as a way to bond away from home.[182][183]
- A tattoo on his right shoulder of the Cobra Command logo, G.I. Joe's enemy. Punk is well-known for his love of comic books, considering them along with jazz and professional wrestling as three of the original arts that America has given to the world.[182]
- A tattoo of a rose on his left wrist.[184]
Punk's character and gimmick have been parodied by the wrestling federation Chikara who used a mascot character CP Munk, the straight edge chipmunk. The character includes references to Punk, such as X-marked wrist tape, a Pepsi logo on the costume's left shoulder, and a high-pitch version of Punk's best-known independent circuit theme song "Miseria Cantare – The Beginning", by the band AFI.[185] On his website, Punk has said about the character CP Munk, and the people behind it:
| “ | I'm split 50/50 on it. Some days I get real pissed about it, because it's disrespectful. I'm sure it's no secret that the dorks that run Chikara and I don't get along, so they're [sic] judgement on trying to "mock" me is a little off. Most other days I just laugh it off because nobody from Chikara will ever be over enough anywhere for anybody else to parody them'.[186] | ” |
Punk's entrance was emulated by British darts player Paul Nicholson during the 2011 World Matchplay and the 2011 PDC World Darts Championship.[187]
Other media[link]
Punk made an appearance on the February 16, 2004 episode of Monster Garage, "Box Truck Wrestling Car", performing a short match with Samoa Joe.[188] On October 31, 2006, Punk joined The Atlantic Paranormal Society (TAPS) to shoot the Sci Fi Channel special Ghost Hunters Live, which was a six-hour show broadcast live Halloween night from the Stanley Hotel in Estes Park, Colorado. Initially skeptical about what he might find, Punk claimed to have heard children giggling and footsteps when there were not any children booked into the hotel.[189]
In 2008, Punk appeared as the Sports Grand Marshal of the nationally-televised McDonald's Thanksgiving Parade in downtown Chicago.[190][191]
On April 30, 2012 it was announced Punk would be featured in the WWE Studios and Kare Production Project "Les reines du ring" (English: Queens of the ring) alongside fellow wrestlers Eve Torres and The Miz.[192]
Personal life[link]
While working for Ring of Honor, Punk was romantically linked to professional wrestlers Shannon Spruill[193] and Tracy Brookshaw.[15] After joining Ohio Valley Wrestling Punk began dating Maria Kanellis, who was working there as an interviewer,[194][195] however they broke up sometime after Punk was moved to World Wrestling Entertainment and started working on the ECW brand.[196] Punk was dating Amy Dumas,[197] however Matt Hardy confirmed in March 2010 that Punk and Dumas were no longer dating.[198] Punk confirmed in an November 2011 Maxim Magazine interview that he was in a relationship with WWE wrestler Beth Phoenix[199] but revealed in December that he was single again.[200] Punk is also one of many figures in entertainment supporting the gender reassignment surgery of Against Me! frontman/frontwoman Tom Gabel, who changed her name to Laura Jane Grace in mid-2012.
In wrestling[link]
File:Punk's Savage Elbow.jpg
Punk pays homage to Randy Savage before a diving elbow drop on Alberto Del Rio.
- WWE
- Finishing moves
- Anaconda Vise (Arm-trap triangle choke)[1][201] - 2006–present
- GTS - Go To Sleep (Fireman's carry dropped into a knee lift)[1] - 2007–present
- Signature moves
- Arm trap swinging neckbreaker[202]
- Arm wrench followed by stepping a leg over the wrenched arm and performing a mule kick with the leg below the opponent's face[17]
- Bulldog[86][203][204]
- Diving crossbody[6]
- Diving elbow drop[205][206] – adopted from and used in tribute to Randy Savage[182]
- Double underhook backbreaker[17]
- Hammerlock twisted into a short-range lariat[17]
- Koji clutch[1]
- Leg lariat[207]
- Mongolian chop[208]
- Repeated elbow strikes to an opponent's chest[209]
- Rope hung arm trap can opener[204]
- Roundhouse kick[210][211][212]
- Sitout suplex slam[213]
- Slingshot somersault senton[6][17][204]
- Snap scoop powerslam[214]
- Springboard clothesline[6][204][215]
- Step-up enzuigiri[17]
- Step-up high knee to a cornered opponent[203][204] followed by a bulldog[86][203]
- Suicide dive[6]
- Super frankensteiner[216][217]
- Tilt-a-whirl backbreaker[6][17]
- Nicknames
- Entrance themes
- "This Fire Burns" by Killswitch Engage[225] (August 1, 2006–July 17, 2011)
- "Cult of Personality" by Living Colour[226] (July 25, 2011–present)
- Finishing moves
- Independent circuit
- Finishing moves
- Anaconda vise or an arm triangle choke[17]
- Pepsi Plunge[6] (Diving double underhook facebuster)[17]
- Shining wizard[17]
- Signature moves
- Arm wrench followed by stepping a leg over the wrenched arm and performing a mule kick with the leg below the opponent's face[17]
- Corkscrew dive transitioned into a diving neckbreaker[6]
- Crooked Moonsault[227] (Split-legged moonsault)[17]
- Delayed vertical suplex[6][17]
- Devil Lock DDT[6] (Hammerlock legsweep DDT)[17]
- Facewash[6]
- Inverted facelock backbreaker[17]
- Inverted frankensteiner[17]
- Jackie Chan[6][17] (While sitting in a corner, grasps the top rope with one hand on each side of the turnbuckle and when the opponent attempts to pull him off the ropes by his legs, he performs a back tuck, landing on his feet)
- Pepsi Twist[6][17] (Jumping hammerlock twisted into a short-range lariat)[17]
- Punk-Handle Piledriver[6][17] (Pumphandle reverse piledriver)
- Rolling fireman's carry slam[6]
- Slingshot somersault senton[6][17]
- Springboard corkscrew crossbody[17]
- Suicide dive[6]
- Welcome to Chicago, Motherfucker[6] (Double underhook backbreaker)[17]
- With Julio Dinero
- Double superkick[228]
- Near Death Experience (Diving neckbreaker (Punk) / Powerbomb (Dinero) combination)[228]
- Managers
- Milo Beasley[17]
- Tracy Brooks[17]
- Bobby Heenan[17]
- Alexis Laree / Vicki Adams[17]
- Lucy[229]
- Joshua Masters[17]
- James Mitchell[17]
- Dave Prazak[230]
- Entrance themes
- "Shitlist" by L7
- "South of Heaven" by Slayer[231]
- "A Call for Blood" by Hatebreed[232]
- "Miseria Cantare (The Beginning)" by AFI[232]
- "Cult of Personality" by Living Colour[233]
- "Night Train" by The Bouncing Souls[234]
- "¡Olé!" by The Bouncing Souls[4]
- Finishing moves
Championships and accomplishments[link]
- Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South
- International Wrestling Cartel
- IWC Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[237]
- Mid-American Wrestling
- MAW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[238]
- NWA Cyberspace
- NWA Cyberspace Tag Team Championship (1 time)[239] – with Julio Dinero
- NWA Revolution
- NWA Revolution Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[17]
- Ohio Valley Wrestling
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- Feud of the Year (2011)[243] vs. John Cena
- Match of the Year (2011)[244] vs. John Cena at Money in the Bank
- Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (2011)[245]
- Wrestler of the Year (2011)[246]
- PWI ranked him #3 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2010[247]
- Revolver
- Golden Gods Award for "Most Metal Athlete" (2012)[248]
- Ring of Honor
- St. Paul Championship Wrestling
- World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE
- ECW Championship (1 time)[249]
- World Heavyweight Championship (3 times)[250][251][252]
- WWE Championship (2 times, current)1[253][254]
- World Tag Team Championship (1 time)[255] – with Kofi Kingston
- WWE Intercontinental Championship (1 time)[256]
- Money in the Bank (2008, 2009)[72][88]
- Nineteenth Triple Crown Champion[86]
- Slammy Award for "OMG" Moment of the Year (2008)[75] Cashing in Money in the Bank to win the World Heavyweight Championship
- Slammy Award for Shocker of the Year (2009)[97] Forcing Jeff Hardy out of the WWE after Steel Cage match victory
- Slammy Award for Despicable Me (2010)[257] Harassing Rey Mysterio and his family
- Slammy Award for Superstar of the Year (2011)[10]
- Slammy Award for "Pipe Bomb" of the Year (2011)[10]
- Slammy Award for T-Shirt of the Year (2011)[258] "Best in the World"
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter
- Best Gimmick (2009, 2011)[259][260]
- Best on Interviews (2011)[260]
- Feud of the Year (2009)[259] vs. Jeff Hardy
- Feud of the Year (2011)[260] vs. John Cena
- Match of the Year (2011)[260] vs. John Cena at WWE Money in the Bank
1 ^ Punk held the title concurrently with John Cena during his first reign. After defeating him Punk became undisputed champion but was not recognized by WWE as having won the title a second time.[261]
Luchas de Apuestas record[link]
See also: Luchas de Apuestas
| Wager | Winner | Loser | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hair | Rey Mysterio | CM Punk | Detroit, Michigan | 02010-05-23May 23, 2010 | S.E.S. Pledge vs. Hair match at Over the Limit.[262] |
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g "Bio". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raw/cmpunk/. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
- ^ a b "CM Punk profile". NNDB.com. http://www.nndb.com/people/145/000161659/. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
- ^ a b Punk, CM (2007-01-23). "Congratulations to Ace". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raw/cmpunk/punkblogarchives/cmpunkblog012307. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t CM Punk (November 2003). Shoot with CM Punk (DVD). RF Video. http://www.rfvideo.com/browseproducts/Shoot-with-CM-Punk.html. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wojick, Alan (2003-06-21). "Wojick Interview". The Wrestling Clothesline. http://wrestlingclothesline.com/Wojcik-Punk.htm. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "CM Punk Fast Facts". CMPunk.com. http://cmpunk.com/fastfacts.php. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
- ^ "Latest Status Info". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 2008-08-07. http://tarr.uspto.gov/servlet/tarr?regser=serial&entry=77142597. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ Woodward, Buck (2009-01-19). "CM PUNK MAKES WWE HISTORY WITH TITLE WIN". http://www.pwinsider.com/ViewArticle.php?id=35967&p=1. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
- ^ Cohen, Eric. "Money in the Bank". about.com. http://prowrestling.about.com/od/historyofwrestling/tp/moneyinthebank.htm. Retrieved 2010-02-24.
- ^ a b c "2011 Slammy Award Winners". WWE. http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/2011-12-12/25048978. Retrieved 2012-12-12.
- ^ Lagattolla, Al (2001-12-17). "CM Venom Interview". Chicago Wrestling. Archived from the original on 2004-02-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20040222144349/http://www.chicagowrestling.com/AL/al-cmvenom-12-17-01.htm. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ a b c d Robinson, Jon (2006-12-01). "CM Punk Interview". IGN. http://sports.ign.com/articles/748/748635p1.html. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
- ^ Gomez, Luis (March 26, 2012). "Pipe bomb! More from my interview with WWE Champ CM Punk". Chicago Tribune. http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-03-26/entertainment/chi-cm-punk-interview-rock-cena-wwe-20120326_1_pipe-bomb-beth-phoenix-wrestlemania. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
- ^ a b CM Punk; Colt Cabana (2005-07-01). Straight Shootin' with CM Punk & Colt Cabana (DVD). Ring of Honor. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. http://web.archive.org/web/20070927174133/http://www.rohwrestling.com/shoponline.asp?point=moreinfo&catid=200&id=1397. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ a b c d e CM Punk; Samoa Joe (2005-03-10). Straight Shootin' with Samoa Joe & CM Punk (DVD). Ring of Honor. http://www.wrestledvd.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=466&Itemid=40. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ Chris Hero (2005). Shoot with Chris Hero (DVD). RF Video. http://www.rfvideo.com/shootwithchrishero.aspx. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad "Wrestler Profiles". Online World of Wrestling. http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/c/c-m-punk.html.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Ring of Honor event results". Ring of Honor. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822123049/http://www.rohwrestling.com/pastresults/. Retrieved April 22, 2009.
- ^ Dunn, JD (May 30, 2006). "Dark Pegasus Video Review: Ring of Honor — One Year Anniversary Show". 411mania. http://www.411mania.com/wrestling/video_reviews/40274/Dark-Pegasus-Video-Review:-Ring-of-Honor-%C3%B3-One-Year-Anniversary-Show.htm. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
- ^ Dunn, JD (June 16, 2006). "Dark Pegasus Video Review: Ring of Honor – Death Before Dishonor". 411mania.com. http://www.411mania.com/wrestling/video_reviews/40724/Dark-Pegasus-Video-Review:-Ring-of-Honor---Death-Before-Dishonor.htm. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Ring of Honor official title histories". Ring of Honor. Archived from the original on June 10, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080610081305/http://www.rohwrestling.com/titlehistory/. Retrieved June 14, 2008.
- ^ Hillhouse, Dave (June 6, 2005). "CM Punk mulls over his future". SLAM! Wrestling. Canadian Online Explorer. http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2005/06/06/1073740.html. Retrieved April 17, 2007.
- ^ Lagattolla, Al (April 5, 2003). "CM Punk, the trainer". Chicago Wrestling. Archived from the original on April 22, 2003. http://web.archive.org/web/20030422073249/http://www.chicagowrestling.com/AL/alpunktraining4-5-03.htm. Retrieved April 17, 2007.
- ^ Punk, CM (November 12, 2003). "My turn..". LiveJournal. http://cmpunk.livejournal.com/2003/11/12/. Retrieved July 13, 2007.
- ^ Burgan, Derek (January 28, 2006). "Derek Burgan reviews Best of Teddy Hart & Jack Evans" (asp). Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071230083734/http://www.wrestlingobserver.com/wo/news/headlines/default.asp?aID=15350. Retrieved June 13, 2007. "The interviewer immediately asked Teddy about the situation with CM Punk. "CM Punk, or Phil, whatever he wants to be known as in a shoot interview, took it upon himself to be spokesman for a group of people in ROH that though I took a show into my own hands." Teddy is referring to the Main Event Spectacles show I wrote about above. The scuttlebutt concerns the after-match shenanigans, when Teddy Hart lost his mind and started doing moonsaults from atop a steel cage platform onto wrestlers below who had no idea what he was doing"
- ^ a b c d Lagattolla, Al (May 29, 2004). "CM Punk Talks". Chicago Wrestling. Archived from the original on June 8, 2004. http://web.archive.org/web/20040608011954/http://www.chicagowrestling.com/AL/punk52904.htm. Retrieved September 26, 2006.
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External links[link]
| Find more about CM Punk on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
 |
Images and media from Commons |
 |
Quotations from Wikiquote |
- Official website
- CM Punk on Twitter
- CM Punk's channel on YouTube
- Professional wrestling record for CM Punk from The Internet Wrestling Database
- WWE Profile
- CM Punk at the Internet Movie Database
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Brooks, Phil |
| Alternative names | CM Punk (ring name) |
| Short description | Professional wrestler |
| Date of birth | October 26, 1978 |
| Place of birth | Chicago, Illinois |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/CM_Punk
Related pages:
http://itwn.com/Phil Brooks
http://cswn.com/CM Punk
http://eswn.com/Phil Brooks
http://ruwn.com/СМ Панк
http://nlwn.com/CM Punk
http://ptwn.com/CM Punk
http://plwn.com/CM Punk
http://frwn.com/CM Punk
http://dewn.com/CM Punk
http://hiwn.com/सी एम पंक
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CM_Punk
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
