{{infobox brain| name

Thalamus | Latin thalamus dorsalis | GraySubject 189 | GrayPage 808 | Image Brain_chrischan thalamus.jpg | Caption MRI cross-section of human brain, with thalamus marked. | Image2 Thalamus.png | Caption2 Scheme showing the parts of the thalamus | IsPartOf Diencephalon | Components See List of thalamic nuclei | Artery | Vein | BrainInfoType hier | BrainInfoNumber 283 | MeshName Thalamus | MeshNumber A08.186.211.730.385.826 | NeuroLex Thalamus | NeuroLexID birnlex_954 | }}

The thalamus (from Greek ''θάλαμος'' = ''room, chamber'') is a midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections. Its function includes relaying sensation, spatial sense, and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. The thalamus surrounds the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon.

Location and topography

thumb|left|Thalamus (Animation) The thalamus is the largest structure in the diencephalon, the part of the brain situated between the midbrain (mesencephalon) and forebrain (telencephalon). Anatomically, the thalamus is perched on top of the brainstem, near the center of the brain, in a position to send nerve fibers out to the cerebral cortex in all directions. The diencephalon includes also the dorsally located epithalamus (essentially the habenula and annexes) and the perithalamus (prethalamus formerly described as ventral thalamus) containing the zona incerta and the "reticulate nucleus" (not the reticular, term of confusion). Due to their different ontogenetic origins, the epithalamus and the perithalamus are formally distinguished from the thalamus proper.

In humans, the two halves of the thalamus are prominent bulb-shaped masses, about 5.7 cm in length, located obliquely (about 30°) and symmetrically on each side of the third ventricle.

Anatomy

The thalamus comprises a system of lamellae (made up of myelinated fibers) separating different thalamic subparts. Other areas are defined by distinct clusters of neurons, such as the periventricular gray, the intralaminar elements, the "nucleus limitans", and others. These latter structures, different in structure from the major part of the thalamus, have been grouped together into the ''allothalamus'' as opposed to the ''isothalamus''. This distinction simplifies the global description of the thalamus.

See also List of thalamic nuclei.

Arterial supply

The thalamus derives its blood supply from four arteries including the polar artery(posterior communicating artery), paramedian thalamic-subthalamic arteries, inferolateral (thalamogeniculate) arteries, and posterior (medial and lateral) choroidal arteries. These are all derived from the vertebrobasilar arterial system except the polar artery.

Function

The thalamus has multiple functions. It is generally believed to act as a relay between a variety of subcortical areas and the cerebral cortex. In particular, every sensory system (with the exception of the olfactory system) includes a thalamic nucleus that receives sensory signals and sends them to the associated primary cortical area. For the visual system, for example, inputs from the retina are sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, which in turn projects to the primary visual cortex (area V1) in the occipital lobe. The thalamus is believed to both process sensory information as well as relay it—each of the primary sensory relay areas receives strong "back projections" from the cerebral cortex. Similarly the medial geniculate nucleus acts as a key auditory relay between the inferior colliculus of the midbrain and the primary auditory cortex, and the ventral posterior nucleus is a key somatosensory relay, which sends touch and proprioceptive information to the primary somatosensory cortex.

The thalamus also plays an important role in regulating states of sleep and wakefulness. Thalamic nuclei have strong reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex, forming thalamo-cortico-thalamic circuits that are believed to be involved with consciousness. The thalamus plays a major role in regulating arousal, the level of awareness, and activity. Damage to the thalamus can lead to permanent coma.

Many different functions are linked to various regions of the thalamus. This is the case for many of the sensory systems (except for the olfactory system), such as the auditory, somatic, visceral, gustatory and visual systems where localized lesions provoke specific sensory deficits. A major role of the thalamus is devoted to "motor" systems. This has been and continues to be a subject of interest for investigators. VIm, the relay of cerebellar afferences, is the target of stereotactians particularly for the improvement of tremor. The role of the thalamus in the more anterior pallidal and nigral territories in the basal ganglia system disturbances is recognized but still poorly understood. The contribution of the thalamus to vestibular or to tectal functions is almost ignored. The thalamus has been thought of as a "relay" that simply forwards signals to the cerebral cortex. Newer research suggests that thalamic function is more selective.

Pathology

A cerebrovascular accident (stroke) can lead to the thalamic syndrome, which involves a one-sided burning or aching sensation often accompanied by mood swings. Bilateral ischemia of the area supplied by the paramedian artery can cause serious problems including akinetic mutism, and be accompanied by oculomotor problems. A related concept is thalamocortical dysrhythmia.

Korsakoff's syndrome stems from damage to the mammillary body, the mammillothalamic fasciculus or the thalamus.

Fatal familial insomnia is a hereditary prion disease in which degeneration of the thalamus occurs, causing the patient to gradually lose his ability to sleep and progressing to a state of total insomnia, which invariably leads to death.

Development

The thalamic complex is composed of the perithalamus (or prethalamus, previously also known as ventral thalamus), the mid-diencephalic organiser (which forms later the zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI) ) and the thalamus (dorsal thalamus). The development of the thalamus can be subdivide into three steps

Early brain development

After neurulation the anlage of the prethalamus and the thalamus is induced within the neural tube. Data from different vertebrate model organisms support a model in which the interaction between two transcription factors, Fez and Otx, are of decisive importance. Fez is expressed in the prethalamus, and functional experiments show that Fez is required for prethalamus formation. Posteriorly, Otx1 and Otx2 abut the expression domain of Fez and are required for proper development of the thalamus.

The formation of the mid-diencephalic organiser (MDO)

At the interface between the expression domains of Fez and Otx, the mid-diencephalic organizer (MDO, also called the ZLI organiser) is induced within the thalamic anlage. The MDO is the central signalling organizer in the thalamus. A lack of the organizer leads to the absence of the thalamus. The MDO matures from ventral to dorsal during development. Members of the SHH family and of the Wnt family are the main principal signals emitted by the MDO.

Besides its importance as signalling center, the organizer matures into the morphological structure of the zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI).

Maturation and parcellation of the thalamus

After its induction, the MDO starts to orchestrate the development of the thalamic anlage by release of signalling molecules such as Shh. In mice, the function of signaling at the MDO has not been addressed directly due to a complete absence of the diencephalon in Shh mutants.

Studies in chicks have shown that Shh is both necessary and sufficient for thalamic gene induction. In zebrafish, it was shown that the expression of two Shh genes, shh-a and shh-b (formerly described as twhh) mark the MDO territory, and that Shh signaling is sufficient for the molecular differentiation of both the prethalamus and the thalamus but is not required for their maintenance and Shh signaling from the MDO/alar plate is sufficient for the maturation of prethalamic and thalamic territory while ventral Shh signals are dispensable. The exposure to Shh leads to differentiation of thalamic neurons. SHH signaling from the MDO induces a posterior-to-anterior wave of expression the proneural gene Neurogenin1 in the major (caudal) part of the thalamus, and Ascl1 (formerly Mash1) in the remaining narrow stripe of rostral thalamic cells immediately adjacent to the MDO, and in the prethalamus

This zonation of proneural gene expression leads to the differentiation of glutamatergic relay neurons from the Neurogenin1+ precursors and of GABAergic inhibitory neurons from the Ascl1+ precursors. In fish, selection of these alternative neurotransmitter fates is controlled by the dynamic expression of Her6 the homolog of HES1. Expression of this hairy-like bHLH transcription factor, which represses Neurogenin but is required for Ascl1, is progressively lost from the caudal thalamus but maintained in the prethalamus and in the stripe of rostral thalamic cells. In addition, studies on chick and mice have shown that blocking the Shh pathway leads to absence of the rostral thalamus and substantial decrease of the caudal thalamus. The rostral thalamus will give rise to the reticular nucleus mainly whereby the caudal thalamus will form the relay thalamus and will be further subdivided in the thalamic nuclei.

Further reading: ''Building a bridal chamber: development of the thalamus.'' from Steffen Scholpp and Andrew Lumsden in Trends of Neuroscience 2010

In humans, a common genetic variation in the promotor region of the serotonin transporter (the SERT-long and -short allele: 5-HTTLPR) has been shown to affect the development of several regions of the thalamus in adults. People who inherit two short alleles (SERT-ss) have more neurons and a larger volume in the pulvinar and possibly the limbic regions of the thalamus. Enlargement of the thalamus provides an anatomical basis for why people who inherit two SERT-ss alleles are more vulnerable to major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide.

See also

Primate basal ganglia system

List of regions in the human brain

Thalamus (non primate)

List of thalamic nuclei

Thalamic stimulator

Thalamotomy

References

Additional images

External links

http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Thalamus

Category:Diencephalon

ar:مهاد bg:Таламус ca:Tàlem cs:Thalamus da:Thalamus de:Thalamus et:Taalamus es:Tálamo (SNC) eu:Talamo fa:تالاموس fr:Thalamus ko:시상 it:Talamo he:תלמוס kk:Көру төмпегі, таламус lt:Gumburas hu:Talamusz nl:Thalamus ja:視床 no:Talamus pl:Wzgórze (anatomia) pt:Tálamo (anatomia) ro:Talamus ru:Таламус sr:Таламус fi:Talamus sv:Talamus th:ทาลามัส tr:Talamus uk:Таламус ur:مہاد zh:丘脑

name	Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal
background	solo_singer
birth name	Ronald Jay Blumenthal
alias	''Bumblefoot''
born	September 25, 1969New York City, U.S.
instrument	Guitar, bass
genre	Hard Rock, heavy metal
occupation	Musician, guitarist, producer, photographer
years active	1989 – Present
label	Bumblefoot Music, LLC
associated acts	Guns N' Roses, Lita Ford
website	Official website
notable instruments	Several Vigier custom modelsGibson Les Paul }}

Ronald Jay Blumenthal (born September 25, 1969), better known by his stage name Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal, is an American guitarist, songwriter, recording artist and producer. Thal adopted the name Bumblefoot from the bacterial infection of the same name, which he learned about while helping his wife review for her veterinary exams. He is currently one of the two lead guitarists in the band Guns N' Roses and performs on their sixth studio album Chinese Democracy. Since the early 90’s, Thal has released 9 CD’s and a live DVD. His 1995 debut studio album, The Adventures of Bumblefoot, after being out of print for many years, was re-released in 2010 as a 15 Year Anniversary Edition CD. In commemoration of the Anniversary Edition release, a 200 page transcription book of the recording was also released which Thal himself transcribed.

Thal has appeared as a guest performer on other albums and on numerous compilation CD’s. He’s been the cover feature of several International guitar magazines as well as the subject of many print, radio and web interviews. Over the past twenty years, Thal has also worked with numerous bands and artists as producer, engineer, writer, arranger and performer. He has also written, and continues to write, TV jingles, theme songs and background music. From January through July 2011, Thal has recorded 7 singles (4 covers and 3 originals) which are being released as a series of song a month digital downloads. As a humanitarian, Thal is on the Board of Directors of the MS Research Foundation, a non-profit 501(c)(3) org that raises money for Multiple Sclerosis research.

Career

Early years

Inspired by Kiss at age six, Thal says his earliest musical goal was to play "like Gene Simmons if someone decided to do a Kiss version of Beatlemania". At the time his hands were too small for bass, so he focused his attention on guitar. He began playing copy tunes in clubs just five years later, and then focused on creating original material on his home 8-track. He entered a Sam Ash Guitar Solo Contest, played a spontaneous solo, and walked off with first prize. After submitting a demo tape to Mike Varney at Shrapnel Records, Varney featured Thal in the Spotlight New Talent column in Guitar Player Magazine’s August 1989 issue. Upon hearing the material, Varney had this to say about Thal’s playing - ''"Ron sent us a tape with four songs on it...Thal's demo tape is amongst the most impressive I've ever received. With its clever melodies, contrapuntal lines, intricate rhythms, and ultra-complex ensemble sections, Ron's sheer musicality will surely gain him much acclaim'' (the demo featured "The Shuck Duffle", "Love Soup" and "Chopin Fantasie").

Guns N' Roses

After a recommendation by guitar virtuoso Joe Satriani, Thal joined Guns N' Roses filling the position vacated by guitarist Buckethead. Thal made his live debut with the band at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City on May 12, 2006 and he also performs on the bands sixth studio album Chinese Democracy, released in 2008.

Recent years

Thal's song "Firebrand" was used as the opening theme for the TV show ''MXC'' (Most Extreme Elimination Challenge), the American adaptation of ''Takeshi's Castle''. He has also written and performed the theme song to VH1 Classic's ''That Metal Show'', an edit of his song "Day To Remember" on his ''Forgotten Anthology'' album. Thal has licensed several of his recordings to television shows on MTV and VH1 such as ''Hogan Knows Best'', ''The Real World'', ''Made'', ''The Osbournes'', and others. Thal also wrote and recorded the music for the NY Islanders Hockey Team 2008–2009 season promos.

In 2007, after 14 months of recording and touring with Guns N' Roses, Thal began recording his Abnormal CD. During this time, Thal also recorded and mixed the audio of live performances on the TV show Talking Metal On Fuse. Thal performed a cover of "Running Wild" by Judas Priest along with Frank Ferrer on the pilot episode. Thal also performed on the final episode of the show, accompanying Zakk Wylde in an original song "Til the End" written live on the show. In July 2008 Thal released the Abnormal CD. In November Chinese Democracy was released, with Thal hosting the listening party in NYC. In December 2008 Thal released Barefoot – The Acoustic EP, which consists of stripped-down acoustic versions of songs from his previous albums. Thal had fans choose one of the songs he would record.

In February 2009, Thal produced an all-instrumental metal guitar compilation CD entitled "Guitars That Ate My Brain." He oversaw the writing, recording and mixing for half the album (co- writing, engineering and mixing as well as guitar and bass playing by Jeremy Krull, drums by Dennis Leeflang), contributed his playing to the song "Disengaged" and mastered the album. Other artists on the album include Devin Townsend, Chris Poland, Shane Gibson, Dave Martone, Paul Waggoner, and James Murphy.

In June 2009, Thal began touring the U.S. and Europe playing guitar for Lita Ford.

In December 2009, Thal began touring with Guns N' Roses on the Chinese Democracy World Tour.

In August 2010 his solo debut ''The Adventures of Bumblefoot'', which had been out of print, was re-released as a 15 Year Anniversary Edition complete with additional bonus tracks. In October 2010, Thal took time out while on tour with Guns N' Roses to give advice and perform with students of The Witchwood School Of Rock in Witney, UK along with Guns N' Roses drummer Frank Ferrer. During the event they played several classic Guns N' Roses tracks, including "Paradise City" and "Sweet Child O' Mine."

On December 3, 2010, Thal made an appearance in Sydney, Australia as guest guitarist with the heavy metal band Fozzy.

His songs "Guitars Suck", "Real" and "Turn Around" are available as additional down-loadable content for the videogame ''Rock Band 2'' through the community-driven Rock Band Network.

The Singles

Since January 2011, Thal has been releasing a series of singles, one a month, available only as a digital download. Thal's first single was a cover of the 1967 Motown hit "Bernadette" by The Four Tops. His next single was another cover, this time The Beatles' "Strawberry Fields Forever". He released his third single, an original song called "Invisible" in March 2011. In April 2011, Thal released a cover of Elton John's "Goodbye Yellow Brick Road," and an original song called "Father" was released in May 2011. Thal released his sixth single, an original song called "Cat Fight", in June 2011 featuring Mark Tornillo of the band Accept on vocals. "There's a Kind of Hush" (recorded by Herman's Hermits in 1967 and The Carpenters in 1976) is Thal's seventh single which was released in July 2011.

Discography

!!Year !!Album
rowspan=4	As Ron Thal
1995	''The Adventures of Bumblefoot''
1997	Hermit (album)>Hermit''
2010	''The Adventures of Bumblefoot (15 Year Anniversary Edition)''
rowspan=16	As Bumblefoot
1998	Hands (Bumblefoot album)>Hands''
2001	9.11 (album)>9.11''
2002	Uncool (album)>Uncool''
2003	''Forgotten Anthology''
2004	''Live At the RMA'' (DVD Release)
2005	Normal (album)>Normal''
2008	Abnormal (Bumblefoot album)>Abnormal''
2008	''Barefoot – The Acoustic EP''
2011	''Bernadette (First song in a series of digitally released singles - Jan 2011)''
2011	''Strawberry Fields Forever (Second song in a series of digitally released singles - Feb 2011)''
2011	''Invisible (Third song in a series of digitally released singles - Mar 2011)''
2011	''Goodbye Yellow Brick Road (Fourth song in a series of digitally released singles - Apr 2011)''
2011	''Father (Fifth song in a series of digitally released singles - May 2011)''
2011	''Cat Fight (Sixth song in a series of digitally released singles Jun 2011)''
2011	''There's A Kind Of Hush (Seventh song in a series of digitally released singles - Jul 2011)''
rowspan=2	With Guns N' Roses
2008	Chinese Democracy (album)>Chinese Democracy''

Guest appearances

Q*Ball Various Artists Mistheria Phi Yann-ZekQ*BallFreak KitchenChristophe Godin Julien Damotte & Fufux Mike Orlando24-7 SpyzGuthrie Govan Various Artists Q*BallJordan RudessOrelsanSwashbuckle (band) Various Artists Various Artists Liberty N' JusticeTy Tabor Indestructible Noise Command Scarlet Haze Fredrik Pihl Rick Devin Various Artists

Year !! Artist !! Album !! Credits
2001	Jessica Simpson (Hex Hector club mix)	"Irresistible" – CD single
2003	|	Q*Ball In Space	Guitar and backing vocals
2004	|	Shawn Lane Remembered Vol 2	Guest fretless guitar solo on Richard Daude's song "From the Inside"
2004	|	Messenger Of the Gods	Guest guitar solo in the song "Dynasty Of Death"
2005	|	Solar Flare	Guest guitar solo in the song "Psychometamorph" – (Thal on synth guitar – right channel)
2005	|	Fortune Favors The Bald	Guitar and backing vocals
2005	|	Organic	Guest vocals and fretless guitar on the song "Speak When Spoken To"
2005	|	Metal Kartoon	Guest fretless guitar solo on the song "Metal Kartoon"
2005	|	Papa NoHell (unreleased)	Guest guitar solo on Christmas song 'Papa NoHell' by Julien Damotte & Fufux
2006	|	Sonic Stomp	Guest fretless guitar solos on the song "Game Over"
2006	|	Face The Day	Guest guitarist
2006	|	Erotic Cakes	Guest fretless guitar solos on the song "Rhode Island Shred"
2007	|	The Alchemists II	Guest fretless guitar solo on Terry Syrek's song "Threehundredpointtwentyone"
2007	|	This Is Serious Business	Guitar and backing vocals
2007	|	The Road Home	Guitar solo on "Tarkus" (@19m10s) & fretless guitar solo on "Just The Same" (@3m22s)
2009	|	Perdu D'avance	Guest guitar solo on the song "La Peur De Lechec"
2009	Swashbuckle ||	Back To the Noose	Guest guitar solos on the songs "Cruise Ship Terror" and "Rounds Of Rum"
2009	|	OCC Rocks	Performed with Orange County Choppers Band – guest guitar solo on the song "Cold Sweat"
2009	|	We Wish You A Metal Christmas EP	Guest guitar solo on the song "Frosty the Snowman"
2010	|	Light It Up	Guest guitar solos on the song "Wrestling With God"
2010	|	Something's Coming	Guest guitar solo on the song "Free Yourself"
2010	|	Bleed the Line	Guest guitar solo on the song "Rain"
2011	|	Reach Down	Laid music tracks for the song "Reach Down"
2011	|	Silhouettes	Guest guitar solo on title track "Silhouettes"
2011	|	Old School – 2	Guest guitar solo on the track "Tush"
2011	|	Embrace the Sun (Japan Tsunami Relief CD)	Guest guitar solo on Milan Polak's song "End Of Time"

Compilations

Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Soundtrack Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists Various Artists

!Year !!Artist !!Album !!Credits !!
1992	|	Ominous Guitarists From the Unknown	Includes "Chopin Fantasie." Co-produced "Story Teller" by Rich Kern
1992	|	Guitar On the Edge No. 2	Includes "The Shuck Duffle" (re-named "Blue Tongue" on The Adventures of Bumblefoot)
1993	|	Guitar On the Edge No. 3	Includes "Love Soup"
1994	|	Guitar On the Edge No. 4	The Adventures of Bumblefoot>The Adventures Of Bumblefoot
1996	|	SEGA Power Cuts 1	Includes songs from the Sega CD video game Wild Woody soundtrack
1996	|	Super Guitar Heroes Vol. 1, 2, & 3	Includes "Chopin Fantasie" (OGFTU), "Blue Tongue" & "Rinderpest" (The Adventures of Bumblefoot)
1997	|	Ondes De Choc	Hermit (Album)>Hermit
1997	|	Hard Beats From Hell	Hermit (Album)>Hermit
1998	|	Guitar & Bass No. 50	Hands (Bumblefoot album)>Hands
2000	|	Rock Sound, Volume 45	Uncool (album)>Uncool
2001	|	Fretless Guitar Masters	9.11 (album)>9.11
2002	|	The Alchemists	Includes "Mafalda" from Forgotten Anthology
2003	|	Outlaw Volleyball: Music From The Game	Includes "Meat" from Forgotten Anthology
2005	|	Village Of the Unfretted	Includes "Mafalda" from Forgotten Anthology
2006	|	CMJ - On Air, Vol. 12	Normal (album)>Normal
2008	|	FMQB - SubModern #021 Specialty Show Sampler	Abnormal (Bumblefoot album)>Abnormal. Also mixed and co-produced
2009	|	Guitars That Ate My Brain	Includes the song "Disengaged." Also mixed, co-produced and mastered
2009	|	This Is Shredding, Vol. 1	The Adventures of Bumblefoot>The Adventures Of Bumblefoot. Also mixed and co-produced

Tribute CDs

Various Artists Various Artists Lounge Brigade Lounge Brigade Lounge Brigade Various Artists

!Year !!Artist !!Album !!Credits !!
2000	|	Crushing Days - A Tribute To Joe Satriani	Tribute to Joe Satriani CD. Covered "Always With You, Always With Me”
2001	|	Warmth in the Wilderness - A Tribute to Jason Becker	Performed a duet solo with guitarist Mike Chlasciak for the song "Out Jam"
2002	|	Sabbath in the Suburbs: The Lounge Tribute to Ozzy Osbourne & Black Sabbath	Thal, as balladeer crooner "Herbert 'Ruffles' Lovecraft", sings Iron Man, Paranoid and Bark At The Moon
2002	|	The Sweet Sounds of Slim Shady: The Lounge Tribute to Eminem	Thal, once again, as crooner "Herbert 'Ruffles' Lovecraft" and also as "Checkers Goldstein". Songs include "Without Me”, "Cleaning Out My Closet" “My Name Is” and “Soldier”
2003	|	The Lounge Below: The Lounge Tribute to Outkast	A lounge-style tribute to Outkast. Produced by Thal and featuring "Herbert 'Ruffles' Lovecraft" on vocals
2004	|	The Spirit Lives On - The Music of Jimi Hendrix Revisited, Volume 1	Covered "Fire". (With Dennis Leeflang on drums)

Other stuff

AWOL Soundtrack Carlin Music Publishing Soundtrack Soundtrack Carlin Music Publishing

!Year !!Artist !!Album !!Credits
1987	|	AWOL – EP	Thal’s six-song EP of his band Awol
1996	|	Wild Woody SEGA CD video game	Performed entire video game soundtrack
2002	|	Library CD #331 Alternative: Punk vs. Nu-Metal	Songs written by Thal exclusively for Carlin Publishing
2003	|	Outlaw Volleyball Xbox video game	Music includes "Meat" from Thal’s Forgotten Anthology CD
2004	|	Test Drive – Eve Of Destruction PLAYSTATION2 video game	Music includes Thal’s "American Rock-n-Roll” from Carlin Music Publishing’s Alternative: Punk vs. Nu-Metal CD
2005	|	Library CD #356 Rap & Hip Hop	Songs written by Thal exclusively for Carlin Publishing

Producer

Boiler Room Various Artists Indecision (band) Inhuman Indecision (band) Evoken Various Artists Future Chicken Farmers Pat O'May Inhuman Various Artists Anomos/Stealth Various Artists Evoken The Wage Of Sin Most Precious Blood Troy Kurtis (former of Menudo) Q*Ball Cathy-Ann Q*Ball Various Artists The Nerve The Nerve Nikki Sorrentino Evoken Zachary Fischer Band 24-7 Spyz Q*Ball Hurricane Return To Earth Talking Metal on Fuse Return To Earth

!Year !!Artist !!Album !!Credits
1996	|	Low Society	Engineered / Produced. Self-released debut CD of NYC nu-metal band
1996	|	God Shave the Queen	Engineered / Produced, Co-wrote, Performed bass, guitar, keys
1996	Indecision ||	Unorthodox	Engineered / Co-produced
1997	|	Evolver	Engineered / Co-produced. NYC band's first full-length CD
1998	Indecision ||	Most Precious Blood	Engineered / Co-produced
1998	|	Embrace the Emptiness	Engineered / Co-produced
1998	|	Lost Voices	Engineered / Produced. Tribute album to Jimi Hendrix, Jim Morrison and Janis Joplin. Produced the group Tyris performing the Doors' song "Love Her Madly"
1999	|	Future Chicken Farmers	Engineered / Co-produced
1999	|	Breizh / Amerika	Co-engineered / Produced
1999	|	Rebellion	Engineered / Co-produced
2000	|	Hell Rules 2 - A Tribute To Black Sabbath	Engineered / Co-produced
2000	|	From Here On...	Engineered / Co-produced, mixed and mastered. Performed guitar, choir arrangements
2000	|	Crushing Days - A Tribute To Joe Satriani	Engineered / Produced
2000	|	Quietus	Engineered / Co-produced
2002	|	Product Of Deceit And Loneliness	Engineered / Co-produced
2001	|	Nothing In Vein	Engineered / Produced
2002	|	Demo	Engineered / Produced. Co-writing, performed all music
2002	|	In Space	Engineered / Co-produced / Performed guitar, backing vocals
2003	|	Honey Wagon	Engineered / Produced, Performed all music except acoustic guitar/vocals
2004	|	Fortune Favors the Bald	Engineered / Produced, some Co-writing, Performed guitars, backing vocals
2004	|	Bring You To Your Knees: A Tribute To Guns N' Roses	Engineered, Produced
2004			Engineered / Produced
2004	|	Demo	Engineered, Produced. Wrote and performed music
2005	|	Antithesis Of Light	Engineered / Produced
2005	|	On Borrowed Time	Engineered / Produced
2006	|	Face the Day	Engineered, co-produced, guest guitar solos
2007	|	This Is Serious Business	Engineered, produced, some co-writing, performed guitars, backing vocals
2007	|	Abaybay (Rock Re-mix)	Engineered, produced, performed
2007	|	Captains Of Industry	Co-engineered, co-produced, performed some backing vocals
2007	|	FuseTV (November 2007 – March 2008)	Engineered, produced, performed
2010	|	Automata	Mixed, co-produced

Music Videos

Year !! Title !! Director
unknown	"T. Jonez"	unknown
2006	"Real"
2010	"Better"(Guns N' Roses teaser)

Guitars

Thal is an endorser of Vigier Guitars. The company produces a signature Excalibur model for Thal named "Bfoot".

Excalibur Custom Clear Black

Excalibur Surfreter Supra Antique Violin

BumbleFoot Custom Shaped Guitar

Vigier Cheese Guitar

Excalibur Bfoot Edition

References

External links

Official site

Bumblefoot Facebook page

Bumblefoot Twitter page

Bumblefoot MySpace page

Bumblefoot YouTube channel

Last.fm page

Category:1969 births Category:American heavy metal guitarists Category:American rock guitarists Category:Guns N' Roses members Category:Living people Category:Musicians from New York Category:People from New York City

cs:Bumblefoot de:Ron Thal es:Ron Thal fr:Ron Thal hr:Bumblefoot it:Bumblefoot hu:Ron Thal nl:Bumblefoot no:Ron Thal pl:Ron Thal pt:Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal sk:Bumblefoot fi:Ron Thal sv:Bumblefoot

name	Guthrie Govan
landscape	Yes
background	solo_singer
birth name	Guthrie Govan
born	December 27, 1971Chelmsford, Essex
instrument	Guitar
genre	Jazz fusion, rock, blues, progressive rock, funk, country, bluegrass
years active	1991–present
label	Cornford Records
associated acts	Erotic Cakes, Young Punx, The Fellowship, GPS, Asia, Dizzee Rascal, Docker's Guild, The Aristocrats
website	Official website
notable instruments	SuhrStandardsClassicClassic T }}

Guthrie Govan (born 27 December 1971 in Chelmsford, Essex, England) is a guitarist known for his work with the bands Asia (2001–2006), GPS, The Young Punx and The Fellowship as well as Erotic Cakes (a vehicle for his own music). He is a noted guitar teacher through his work with the UK magazine ''Guitar Techniques'', Guildford’s Academy of Contemporary Music and currently the Brighton Institute of Modern Music. He is also a former winner of ''Guitarist'' magazine's "Guitarist of the Year" competition.

Biography and early playing career

Govan began playing guitar aged three, encouraged by his father but initially learning mainly by ear. At the age of nine he and his brother Seth Govan played guitar on a Thames Television programme called Ace Reports. At secondary school he was exposed, via older classmates, to "shred" guitarists of the time.

After leaving school, Govan read English at the University of Oxford, though he left after a year to pursue a career in music. Around this time (by Govan’s own estimation, 1991) he sent demos of his work to Mike Varney of Shrapnel Records. Varney was impressed and offered him a record deal; ultimately however, Govan declined. Regarding his reasons he has explained: "it was as though all I really wanted to know was that I was good enough […] I found I was getting a bit wary of the shred movement."

In 1993 he won ''Guitarist'' magazine’s "Guitarist of the Year" competition with his instrumental piece Wonderful Slippery Thing (a version of which would eventually appear on his debut solo album); the demo of the track earned him a place amongst several other entrants in the live final, which he then won. Subsequently, he submitted a sample transcription (of a Shawn Lane piece) to ''Guitar Techniques'' magazine; this earned him a job as a contributor to the magazine, ending a spell working in fast food.

Guitar tuition

Govan has since worked with ''Guitar Techniques'', including an article providing a transcription of his track Wonderful Slippery Thing. Since the late 1990s, Govan has taught at the Guitar Institute in Acton, Thames Valley University, and the Academy of Contemporary Music; he currently teaches at Brighton Institute of Modern Music. In this context, he is known for his ability to teach a wide range of styles. Govan has published two books on guitar playing: ''Creative Guitar Volume 1: Cutting Edge Techniques'' and ''Creative Guitar Volume 2: Advanced Techniques.''

Playing career in the 2000s

Asia, GPS and The Young Punx

Govan began his involvement with Asia playing on the album ''Aura''. With his work on the album complete, Govan was added to the Asia line-up for the tour to support the new album. Bad Asteroid, an instrumental in the live shows, was a Govan original composition; it dates back to his early 1990s demo. He went on to play on the band’s 2004 album ''Silent Nation''.

In 2006, Asia keyboardist Geoff Downes left to reform an earlier Asia line-up; Govan and the other two band members, John Payne and Jay Schellen, formed GPS (named after the members' initials). After the addition of Ryo Okumoto on keyboards the band released the album ''Window to the Soul'' (2006).

Govan performs on a number of tracks on ''Your Music Is Killing Me'', the debut album of UK electronic dance music act The Young Punx and is part of their live act. He also appears in the music video for their track Rockall.

Govan had been a member of Asia featuring John Payne with Payne, Schellen, and Erik Norlander from 2007 until mid-2009 when he was replaced by Mitch Perry.

Govan has played live acoustic guitar for Dizzee Rascal, including a performance on Later With Jools Holland.

Docker's Guild

In December 2010, Govan performed on all tracks on Docker's Guild album ''The Mystic Technocracy - Season 1: The Age of Ignorance'', due for release in 2011. The project also features some other Asia artists, notably John Payne on vocals and Simon Hanhart, who mixed the album. Other special guests include Gregg Bissonette (drums), Tony Franklin (bass), Jeff Watson (guitars), Douglas R. Docker (keyboards), Goran Edman, Tony Mills and Amanda Somerville (vocals).

Erotic Cakes and The Fellowship

Govan’s debut solo album, ''Erotic Cakes'', was released through Cornford Records in August 2006. In the album's sleeve notes, Govan states the album is named after an episode of The Simpsons; he also explains that when playing live, the band is billed as Erotic Cakes rather than simply Guthrie Govan. In addition to bass by Govan’s brother Seth and drumming by Pete Riley, the album features guitar solos by Richie Kotzen (whose Los Angeles studio was used to record the guitar tracks on the album) on Ner Ner and Bumblefoot on Rhode Island Shred respectively. Seth Govan and Pete Riley also complete the Erotic Cakes live band. Previous versions of Waves and Rhode Island Shred appeared on the compilation ''Guitar on the Edge, Vol 1. no.4'' (Legato Records, 1993). A version of his Guitarist of the Year winning piece, Wonderful Slippery Thing appears on the album. While this is his first album, Govan had been collaborating with drummer Pete Riley on the music since the mid-1990s.

The Erotic Cakes band line up, with the addition of saxophonist Zak Barrett, also forms jazz-fusion band The Fellowship. The band plays at the Bassment club in Chelmsford, Essex, every Thursday night and has done so for several years.

Influences and technique

Govan’s earliest influences were Jimi Hendrix and Cream-era Eric Clapton; as such he describes himself as coming from a "blues rock background". While he is "wary" of 1980s technique driven guitar music ("shred") he cites the imagination of Steve Vai (as well as Frank Zappa, with whom Vai played) and the passion of Yngwie Malmsteen as influences. Jazz and fusion elements are an important part of his style: he cites Joe Pass as a pivotal influence in this respect.

Govan is known for his virtuoso command of the electric guitar, due to both his technical ability and proficiency in various styles. Govan’s MySpace profile lists quotes from various guitarists to this effect; elsewhere, fellow virtuosos Joe Satriani and Paul Gilbert have praised Govan's playing.

His vertical vibrato and legato shredding is influenced by Greg Howe.

Equipment

Govan mainly uses various Suhr guitars: three different Guthrie Govan Signature Model guitars, three custom Standards, a Modern 24-fret model, a Classic and Classic T. Govan also favours Cornford amps: the sleeve notes of ''Erotic Cakes'' state he has used an RK100, MK50 and Hellcat.

References

External links

Official Guthrie Govan Web Site

Cornford Records on Myspace Samples of the debut album

A YouTube clip of Govan improvising Sample of his fusion-jazz style

Another YouTube clip of Govan improvising Bluesy style showcasing Govan's string overbends to create melody

Category:Living people Category:1971 births Category:Asia (band) members Category:English rock guitarists Category:Academics of the University of West London Category:Music from Essex

es:Guthrie Govan fr:Guthrie Govan it:Guthrie Govan pt:Guthrie Govan tr:Guthrie Govan

name	Jessie J
alt	f
background	solo_singer
birth name	Jessica Ellen Cornish
alias	Jessie J
birth date	March 27, 1988
birth place	Chadwell Heath, London, England
genre	R&B;, pop, hip hop, soul
years active	2006–present
label	Lava, Universal Republic, Island, Gut
website
notable instruments	}}

Jessica Ellen Cornish (born on 27 March 1988), better known by her stage name Jessie J, is an English singer-songwriter, currently signed to Island Records. She began her career as a songwriter for artists including Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus. Her debut single, "Do It Like a Dude", was released in November 2010 and peaked at number two on the UK Singles Charts. Follow-up single "Price Tag" reached number one in the United Kingdom, France, Ireland and New Zealand, and reached the top 10 in nineteen other countries. Her debut album, ''Who You Are'', was released in February 2011 and charted at number two on the UK Albums Chart. In February 2011 Jessie J won a BRIT Award, Critics' Choice. It was revealed in October 2011 that Jessie J will be a coach and a mentor on the television show, ''The Voice UK''.

Early life

Jessie J was born Jessica Ellen Cornish in Chadwell Heath, London and was educated at Mayfield High School in the London Borough of Redbridge. She attended Colin's Performing Arts School and as an eleven year old was cast in Andrew Lloyd Webber's West End production of ''Whistle Down the Wind''. Jessie has two sisters, who are five and seven years older than her, who were both head girls at school.

Unlike her academic sisters, Cornish has stated she was "never really that good at anything". She said, "At school they were like 'oh, you're a Cornish girl' and they kind of expected me to be the same as my sisters. Give me something to draw or an outfit to pick for someone, or hair, make-up, acting, write a song, I'm fine with it, but anything to do with sums – it was never my thing." She also said she never based her intelligence on her exam results. She also said she was always good at singing and it was her "thing".

At the age of 16 she began studying at the BRIT School and at 17 she joined a girl group named "Soul Deep". She graduated in the class of 2006 along with singers Adele and Leona Lewis. At 18 she suffered a stroke.

Music career

2006–2009: Career beginnings

Jessie J was signed to Gut Records, recording an album for the label, but the company went bankrupt before any material was released. She then found success as a songwriter, gaining a Sony ATV publishing contract. She was also the support act for Cyndi Lauper during Lauper's UK dates of her 2008 Bring Ya To The Brink tour (Lauper invited J to join her on stage for the performances of Girls Just Want To Have Fun). Jessie has also written lyrics for artists such as Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus, including "Party in the U.S.A.".

Jessie J was also part of a girl band, called 'Soul Deep', for two years, however she left due to thoughts that "it wasn't going anywhere". Despite people thinking that her first notoriety was through YouTube, Jessie was signed for four years before her first video was posted.

Jessie first came to the attention of Lava Records when her publisher at Sony/ATV, Rich Christina, sent Lava president Jason Flom a link to her MySpace page, which the record executive loved. After seeing an impressive U.S. showcase, Lava was, along with several other labels, keen to sign the artist but progress was hampered by her management's insistence on, what Flom called, a "crazy deal", and their refusal to let Jessie speak to any labels directly. Despite this, Senior Director of A&R; at Lava, Harinder Rana, made surreptitious efforts to meet Jessie on her own in winter of 2008. Later in the year a change in management to Sarah Stennett and Nadia Khan of Crown Music allowed record deal negotiations to take place. Jessie eventually signed with Lava as part of a joint venture with Universal Republic.

2010–present: ''Who You Are''

Jessie J began recording her debut studio album in 2006 and it was completed on 19 January 2011. She revealed that "Big White Room" would be on the album and was written from an experience she had when she was 11 years old, although she wrote the song at age 17, in hospital, where a ward mate, a little boy, died. Jessie J says the album's title track, "Who You Are", is one of her proudest creations, she said the song is a "positive role model for young people" and "I always say that I'm half-artist, half-therapist"

In late 2010 Jessie J released her first single, "Do It Like a Dude" which was co-written with George Astasio, Tj Normandin, Jason Pebworth, Jon Shave, Kyle Abrahams and Peter Ighile. Originally, she wrote the song with Rihanna in mind because "Rude Boy" was released at the time, partly inspiring the song. She then sent the song to her label, Island Records, before sending it to Rihanna's management. Island insisted the song become Jessie J's first single. She wishes to perform the song with Rihanna at one point. The single gained positive reception from critics. The single charted at number two on the UK Singles Charts. Her follow-up single "Price Tag" was released in late January 2011. This was written by Jessie J, Lukasz Gottwald, Claude Kelly, and Bobby Ray Simmons, Jr. and charted at number one in the top of the charts. "Price Tag" was released in the United States on 1 February 2011 and peaked at 23 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100. "Price Tag" also charted at number-one in New Zealand and Ireland and is the most successful online video J has released. As of October 2011, the video has generated over 148 million views on Youtube and Vevo, making it the 22nd most viewed music video of all time. Her first American television appearance was as the musical guest on the 12 March 2011 episode of NBC's ''Saturday Night Live''.

On 25 February 2011 her debut album, ''Who You Are'', was released. The album first entered the charts on 6 March 2011 where it charted on the UK Album Charts at number two. The album charted into the top ten in a number of countries and number 11 in the United States.After the release she went on to release a third single from the album, "Nobody's Perfect". MTV reported that the single is, so far, only confirmed for release in the United Kingdom. The album's fourth single was "Who's Laughing Now". "Domino" was her second US single. The Dr. Luke-produced track was sent to mainstream radio on 6 September 2011. With the success of ''Who You Are'' in North America, Jessie was chosen to tour as the opening act for American pop artist Katy Perry's ''California Dreams Tour'' in 2011 but after she was unable to fully recover from her injuries during rehearsals she was forced to pull out under the doctor's orders.

Jessie J served as the house artist at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, performing several of her original songs along with covers around commercial breaks.

In early 2011 she suffered a panic attack on stage after she was forced to perform in the dark. "I did a gig recently and had a panic attack on stage," she told ''NOW''. "The night was called 'Black Out' and I had to perform in the dark. I asked them to turn on the lights and they didn't. I was onstage in pitch black and, because I couldn't see anything, I started to panic. It was awful." James Morrison's third studio album, ''The Awakening'' features a collaboration with Jessie J called "Up", the song was released as a single on 4 December 2011. On 4 October Jessie announced that she will be one of four coaches for new BBC program, ''The Voice UK''.Jessie J re-released "Who You Are" on 9 November 2011, featuring the regular tracks plus "Domino" and two new songs. "Domino" became her second top 30 hit in the U.S., following the success of "Price Tag". The song also peaked at number 1 in January 2012 in the UK, before it was even officially released there.

Personal life

On 12 June 2011 at the Capital Radio Summertime Ball, Jessie ruptured several tendons in her foot during rehearsals, and performed her set the following day while sitting on a gilded throne. For her appearance at Glastonbury Festival 2011 on 25 June 2011, she performed on the throne again, claiming her physician had told her not to perform with her broken foot which would take six weeks to heal. Jessie J was scheduled to play at several festivals throughout the summer, however it was reported on 1 July 2011 that she would not be able to attend T in the Park, T4 On The Beach, Wembley:Orange, iTunes Festival, Lovebox and Oxegen due to the injuries to her foot. Jessie J personally tweeted before surgery; "Keep making nervous jokes with the doctor and he keeps looking at me blankly. Which is making me laugh even more. It's getting serious. I just took my nose stud out." Tweeting after the surgery, she wrote: "Can't keep tweeting. Still very dizzy and being sick. But I'm OK, I got through it." Her record label released an official statement on 30 June 2011 that under strict orders from her doctor, she will not be able to perform for a number of weeks so she can heal and recuperate properly. She returned to the concert circuit in late August, including sets at the V Festival and The Big Chill. For the 2011 VMA's she was still in a cast and using the throne to keep off of it.

Jessie J confirmed on 2 August 2011 that she would be shaving her hair off for charity in 2012. Speaking via her official Twitter account she said: “It’s hair, It will grow back. Even if it takes 2 years, if it saves lives it’s worth it. Even if its 1 life that’s something.”

Jessie J is openly bisexual and stated in an interview on the "In Demand" radio show on March 3, 2011, "I've never denied it. Whoopie doo guys, yes, I've dated girls and I've dated boys – get over it."

Music and voice

Although she was first identified as a soul singer, she primarily records songs of contemporary R&B; and pop music with hip-hop influences.

Music critic Matthew Perpetua of Pitchfork Media compared Jessie J to her peers Adele and Amy Winehouse, but admitted she was missing something: "Whereas Adele and Winehouse also have powerhouse voices, they fit into clear aesthetic niches and invest their songs with depth and humanity. Jessie J doesn't have even a fraction of their restraint." Perpetua added: "Her idea of showcasing her gift is to shoot for a blaring melisma on "Mamma Knows Best" that makes Christina Aguilera seem as subtle as Joni Mitchell by comparison." Ailbhe Malone of the music magazine NME also recognized Cornish's "undeniably potent voice". However, she pointed out the possible "identity crisis" that might have been caused by Jessie's songwriter past: "This is an album of singles for other artists. There’s Rihanna Jessie (‘Do It...’), Perry Jessie (‘Abracadabra’), Pixie Jessie (‘Mamma Knows Best’), Ellie Jessie ('Big White Room')."

Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian shared her positive opinion about the singer, saying that "if any singer has the potential to be the British Katy Perry or Pink, with the accompanying millions of sales, it's her". Sullivan also complimented Cornish's attitude: "[Her songs] are delivered with a confidence that money can't buy." Entertainment Weekly's music critic Adam Markovitz said of Jessie: "The 23-year-old Brit has all the tools, from a monster voice to an ear for hooks — she co-wrote Miley Cyrus' Party in the U.S.A. — and a manic persona that's equal parts Katy Perry, Kristin Chenoweth, and Alice Cooper.

Discography

''Who You Are'' (2011)

Filmography

+Television	Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
2012	''The Voice UK''	Herself

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:Bisexual musicians Category:Electronica musicians Category:English female singers Category:English mezzo-sopranos Category:English pop singers Category:English rhythm and blues singers Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English-language singers Category:LGBT musicians from the United Kingdom Category:LGBT people from the United Kingdom Category:People educated at the BRIT School Category:Singers from London Category:Stroke survivors Category:The Voice judges Category:People from Chadwell Heath

af:Jessie J bg:Джеси Джей ca:Jessie J cs:Jessie J da:Jessie J de:Jessie J es:Jessie J fa:جسی جی fr:Jessie J fy:Jessie J ko:제시 제이 hr:Jessie J id:Jessie J it:Jessie J he:ג'סי ג'יי lv:Jessie J lt:Jessie J hu:Jessie J mk:Џеси Џеј nl:Jessie J ja:ジェシー・J no:Jessie J pl:Jessie J pt:Jessie J ro:Jessie J ru:Джесси Джей sk:Jessie J fi:Jessie J sv:Jessie J th:เจสซี เจ tr:Jessie J vi:Jessie J zh:Jessie J

name	Corinne Bailey Rae
background	solo_singer
birth name	Corinne Jacqueline Bailey
born	February 26, 1979Leeds, West Yorkshire, England
instrument	Vocals, guitar
genre	Soul, R&B;, jazz, Indie Pop
occupation	Singer-songwriter, guitarist
years active	2005–present
label	EMI, Capitol
website
notable instruments	Gibson Hummingbird }}

Corinne Bailey Rae (born Corinne Jacqueline Bailey on 26 February 1979) is a British singer-songwriter and guitarist from Leeds, who released her debut album ''Corinne Bailey Rae'' in February 2006. Bailey Rae was named the number-one predicted breakthrough act of 2006 in an annual BBC poll of music critics, Sound of 2006. She became the fourth female British act in history to have her first album debut at number one. Bailey Rae was nominated for Grammy Awards and BRIT Awards, and has won two MOBO Awards and an two Grammy Awards; Album of the Year and Best Contemporary Jazz Album for her work as a featured artist in Herbie Hancock's ''River: The Joni Letters''. Bailey Rae was married to fellow musician Jason Rae from 2001 until his death in 2008. Bailey Rae released her second album, ''The Sea'' on 26 January 2010, after a hiatus of almost three years. Tracks on the new album have been produced by Steve Brown and also Steve Chrisanthou (who produced her debut album in 2006). She has sold over 5 million albums, with her two albums combined, worldwide. Bailey Rae was nominated for the 2010 Mercury Prize for Album of the Year for ''The Sea''.

Early years

Childhood

Bailey Rae was born in Leeds to a Kittitian father and an English mother as the oldest of three daughters, including Candice Bailey and actress Rhea Bailey.

Bailey Rae began her musical career at school where she studied classical violin before she turned her attention to singing: "I started off singing in church, I suppose, but people think it must have been a gospel church because of the whole, you know, black assumption," she says in reference to her multiracial background. "But it wasn't gospel at all, it was just your regular Brethren church, very middle-class, where we would sing these harmonies every Sunday. It was always my favourite part of the service, the singing."

Bailey Rae later transferred to a Baptist church, where the youth leader was coaching rock bands in the local high school. The church young people wrote their own worship songs and sang covers by the likes of Primal Scream. "We changed the words though," Bailey Rae states on her website. "We didn't want to offend the regular churchgoers, now did we?" She recorded two albums with the youth group under the name of Revive.

Performing in church broadened Bailey Rae's musical horizons, and her love for making music was solidified after the church youth leader offered to lend her the money for her first guitar. In her mid-teens, she was highly influenced by Lenny Kravitz, and through him she discovered rock legends Jimi Hendrix and Led Zeppelin. "I loved that band during my teens; I wanted, somehow, to follow in their footsteps, and to create music of my own."

Bailey Rae formed an all-female (barring the drummer) indie group called Helen, which was inspired by similar acts such as Veruca Salt and L7. "It was the first time I'd seen women with guitars. They were kinda sexy—but feminist. I wanted to be like that, at the front of something."

The group raised eyebrows on several fronts; in the white male-dominated world of indie music, they were a mainly female group, fronted by a mixed-race singer from Leeds. The moniker "Helen" also drew attention, albeit for not all the right reasons: "What can I say? We were 15 years old, and thought that Helen was a cheeky, indie kind of thing to do. It seemed clever at the time. Admittedly, it seems less so now".

The group played many gigs around Leeds and whilst unable to attract offers from any UK labels eventually were approached by US based heavy metal record label Roadrunner Records, home to acts such as Slipknot, in 1998. This deal disappeared before it was even signed however after the bassist became pregnant and the group disbanded. "[Was I] Disappointed? I was gutted! I had no idea what to do next".

University life

Bailey Rae studied English Literature at the University of Leeds where she graduated in 2000. While at University, she began work as a hat check girl on an evening in her local jazz club. Permitted to sing on stage with the jazz band when business was slow, it was there that she discovered a different type of music that sent her on a different musical path: "I kept hearing this jazz and soul stuff and I realized I loved music too".

Personal life

Corinne Bailey met Scottish-born Jason Rae in a jazz club in Leeds where she had a part-time job as a cloakroom attendant. She married him 2001 at the age of twenty-two and changed her name to Bailey Rae. Jason Rae (born in 1976), a musician, played saxophone for the eight-piece group called Haggis Horns, and had recorded with Bailey Rae, The New Mastersounds and Martina Topley-Bird (''Quixotic'') albums. On March 22, 2008, Jason Rae was found dead in a flat in the Hyde Park area of Leeds. In December 2008, Leeds Coroner's Court gave a verdict of death by misadventure, and stated that Rae died of an accidental overdose of methadone and alcohol.

Music career

2004–2008: Career music development with debut album

In the three years after she got married, Bailey Rae began working on solo material—this time steering away from her indie past and embarking on a more "soulful" path. She collaborated with Leeds-based funk group The New Mastersounds on the track "Your Love Is Mine," featured on their 2003 album ''Be Yourself'', released via One Note Records. The following year she again worked with another Leeds-based group, Homecut Directive, on the song "Come the Revolution", which was the first single from the group's debut album.

In 2004, Bailey Rae got a breakthrough when she was signed by Global Talent Publishing and then approached by Craig David's mentor Mark Hill, from the duo The Artful Dodger, to appear on his new album ''better luck next time'' under his new alias, The stiX. The resulting collaboration, "Young and Foolish", was released in April 2005 and brought Bailey Rae to the attention of the major record label bosses.

Bailey Rae released her debut single, "Like a Star", in November 2005 and her first album, ''Corinne Bailey Rae'', in February 2006. It debuted at number one in the UK and entered the top ten of the U.S.''Billboard 200'', peaking at number four and spending 71 weeks in the chart from 2006 to 2008. According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album sold 1.9 million copies in the United States alone.

The lead single, "Like a Star" became a hit in the UK and U.S., and sold over 327,000 U.S. downloads. Follow-up single "Put Your Records On", her biggest hit to date, rose to number two in the UK, and sold over 945,000 U.S. downloads. "Trouble Sleeping" made the top forty, and "I'd Like To", the top seventy. In the middle of 2006, Bailey Rae embarked on her first international tour through Europe and North America with singer R&B;, John Legend, playing 55 shows including the festivals ''Rock in Rio Lisboa 2'' and ''Live Earth''. In early April 2006, ''Corinne Bailey Rae'' was certified 2x platinum by the BPI and platinum by the RIAA in December. In September 2006, Bailey Rae scooped two awards at the UK's MOBO Awards: "Best UK Newcomer" and "Best UK Female". Bailey Rae recorded a live session at Abbey Road Studios in July 2006 for ''Live from Abbey Road''.

Bailey Rae was the musical guest in a 2006 episode of ''Saturday Night Live'' with the host being Jaime Pressly. She performed "Put Your Records On" and "Like a Star". She also appeared on ''Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip'' on the episode "B-12", which aired in November 2006, with Howie Mandel. She performed "Like a Star" and "Trouble Sleeping". Also in 2006, Bailey Rae performed on BBC Radio 1 ''Live Lounge'' with the songs "Like a Star", a cover version of Editors' "Munich", and a cover version of Justin Timberlake's "SexyBack".

Bailey Rae also received three nominations at the 2007 Grammy Awards: Record of the Year, Song of the Year (both for "Put Your Records On"), and Best New Artist. During the ceremony, she performed "Like a Star" and joined John Legend and John Mayer in a collaborative performance, providing accompanying vocals to Legend's "Coming Home" and Mayer's "Gravity".

Also in 2007, Bailey Rae accepted an invitation to participate ''Goin' Home: A Tribute to Fats Domino'' (Vanguard Records), where she contributed her version of Domino's "One Night (of Sin)". She also recorded John Lennon's "I'm Losing You" for Make Some Noise, Amnesty International's music venture. The song was also released on the 2007 John Lennon tribute album, "Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur". In July of that year, Bailey Rae performed at the UK leg of Live Earth at Wembley Stadium, London.

In 2008, ''Like a Star'' was nominated for a Grammy for ''Song of the Year''. Bailey Rae won in two categories for Album of the Year and Best Contemporary Jazz Album for her collaboration on ''River: The Joni Letters''. Also in 2008, she recorded a live session of "River" with Hancock at Abbey Road Studios in for Live from Abbey Road for Channel 4 which was broadcast on Series 2.

During the American and European tour, Bailey Rae recorded her first DVD with the title ''Live in London & New York''. The DVD was filmed in London and the bonus CD was recorded in New York.

2009–2011: The Sea

Corinne Bailey Rae released her new album titled The Sea on 26 January 2010. -- 4 years after the release of her first album and almost two years following the death of her husband Jason Rae. Lead single I'd Do It All Again premiered on 25 November in 2009 on the Jools Holland program Later. Follow up single "Closer" was added to Smooth Jazz Radio on 25 January, Urban AC on 1 February and AC radio in late February. The album's second single "Paris Nights and New York Mornings" went to Triple A radio on 15 February. Around the release of the second album, Corinne did a run of promotional shows in the UK, Europe and USA, she embarked on her second world tour, ''The Sea Tour'', with 82 concerts, and had a gross profit of $ 19 million. The tour visited UK, Europe, USA (Spring and Summer) Brazil, Argentina, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Middle East. The tour began on February 27, 2010 in London and his last show on March 10, 2011 in Korea. Her summer concert in London at Somerset House sold out, and she returned to London again in October to perform in Royal Festival Hall with Pete Lawrie as a supporting act.

In December 2009, Bailey Rae recorded a live performance in New York City that was broadcast in the summer of 2010 on the U.S. TV program ''Live From the Artists Den''.

On June 2, 2010, Bailey Rae appeared with Herbie Hancock, singing "Blackbird" in a concert honoring (Sir) Paul McCartney in the East Room at the White House.

On 25 January 2011, Bailey released an EP, ''The Love EP'', with 5 recordings of love songs, including the covers success of Prince "I Wanna Be Your Lover", Bob Marley "Is This Love" and Paul McCartney & Wings "My Love". The EP debuted at number eighty-six in the ''Billboard 200'' and still managed the Top 20 in ''Top R&B;/Hip-Hop Albums''. The EP has sold 15,000 copies in the U.S.

Bailey Rae made an appearance as a musical guest on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'' on October 28, 2010, covering the Bob Marley song "Is This Love".

On July 14, 2011, she was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Leeds where she had studied as an undergraduate.

During an interview for the 2011 Mercury Awards, Corrine revealed she is writing a follow up album to her critically acclaimed "The Sea".

Soundtrack Inclusions

"Like a Star" is part of the soundtracks of several films, series and soap operas, such as ''Cashmere Mafia, 27 Dresses, Men in Trees, Nancy Drew, Perfect Stranger, Medium, Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, Venus, Grey's Anatomy, Criminal Minds'' and ''Sete Pecados''.

In the film ''Venus'', six songs from the debut album were included on the soundtrack of the film, which are "I'd Like To", "Another Rainy Day", "Choux Pastry Heart", "Put Your Records On", " Like a Star", " Breathless".

The song "I'd Like To", from Bailey Rae's debut album, was also featured in the soundtrack for the movie He's Just Not That Into You (2009).

It can also be heard on an episode of CSI:NY

Public Service

Bailey Rae is the Special Ambassador for the charity CORD. Bailey Rae is also the central ambassador for International water and Sanitation charity, Pump Aid.

Discography

;Studio albums

2006: ''Corinne Bailey Rae''

2010: ''The Sea''

;EPs

2011: ''The Love EP''

;DVDs

2007: ''Live in London & New York''

;Concert tours

2006/2007: ''World Tour''

2010/2011: ''The Sea Tour''

Awards and nominations

Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Bailey Rae has won two awards from four nominations, including Album of the Year; she featured artist, Best New Artist, Record of the Year, Song of the Year.

|- |rowspan="3"|2007 |Corinne Bailey Rae |Best New Artist | |- |rowspan="2"|"Put Your Records On" |Record of the Year | |- |Song of the Year | |- |rowspan="1"|2008 |"Like a Star" |Song of the Year |

Others Awards and nominations

BET AwardsMTV Europe Music Awards MTV Woodie Awards UK Festival Music Awards Premios 40 Principales MOJO AwardsQ AwardsTeen Choice AwardsECHO AwardsIvor Novello AwardsMOBO Awards Music Week Awards European Border Breakers Awards Urban Music AwardsBMI Pop AwardsMercury PrizeQ AwardsMOBO AwardsAmerican Smooth Jazz AwardsBET AwardsSoul Train Music Awards

style="background-color: #BCBCBC"	Year	Result	Award	Category	Nominated Work
rowspan="10"	2006		|	BET J Cool Like Dat Award	General
	|	Best UK & Ireland Act	General
	|	International Woodie (Favorite International Artist)	General
	|	Best Urban Act	General
	|	Mejor Artista Nuevo Internacional	General
		Best Song
	Best UK Female
	Best UK Newcomer
	|	Best New Act	General
	|	Best New Act	General
rowspan="21"	2007	rowspan="2"| BET Awards ||	Best New Artist	General
	Best Female R&B; Artist
		Best British Single
	British Female Artist
	British Breakthroug Act
	|	Best Female Breakthrough Artist	General
	|	International Newcomer of the Year	General
	|	PRS Most Performed Work	General
	|	Best UK Female	General
	Outstanding Female Artist
	Outstanding New Artist
	|	International Marketing Campaign of the Year	General
	|	United Kingdom	General]
		Album of the Year	rowspan="2"	''Corinne Bailey Rae''
	Best Album of Soul
	Best New Artist of the Year
		Best Neo Soul Act
	Best Crossover Chart Act
	|	Best Neo Soul Act	General
	|	Song of the Year	''Put Your Records On''
rowspan="10"	2010			Album of the Year	rowspan="2"	''The Sea''
	Best Album R&B; of the Year
	Artist of the Year	rowspan="2"	''Corinne Bailey Rae''
	Best Artist of the Year Act Soul/R&B;
	|	Album of the Year	The Sea (album)>The Sea''
	|	Best Female Act	Corinne Bailey Rae
	|	Best UK R&B; Soul Act Act	Corinne Bailey Rae
	|	Best Female Act	Corinne Bailey Rae
	|	Best International Act	Corinne Bailey Rae
	|	Centric Award	Corinne Bailey Rae

Notes

Closer can be heard in an episode of Hawaii Five-0.

"Put Your Records On" was featured on the Parenthood (television soundtrack) in August, 2010. "Till It Happens To You" was featured on the third episode of the second season on the British series "Misfits."

References

External links

Main reference sites

Corinne Bailey Rae — official website

Corinne Bailey Rae discography at Discogs

Corinne Bailey Rae discography at Musicbrainz

Interviews and others

Corinne Bailey Rae interview by Pete Lewis, 'Blues & Soul' February 2010

musicOMH.com interview

''The Guardian'' interview 2005

''The Guardian'' interview 2009

HiphopRnbSoul.com Audio Interview

aol.co.uk videos from AOL Sessions, live performances, official releases and interviews

theartsdesk.com interview 2010

Category:1979 births Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds Category:Black British musicians Category:British people of Saint Kitts and Nevis descent Category:Capitol Records artists Category:English Baptists Category:English female guitarists Category:English female singers Category:English rhythm and blues singers Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English soul singers Category:English-language singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Living people Category:People from Leeds Category:Rhythm and blues guitarists Category:Smooth jazz singers Category:Soul guitarists Category:Plymouth Brethren people

ar:كورين بايلي راي cs:Corinne Bailey Rae da:Corinne Bailey Rae de:Corinne Bailey Rae es:Corinne Bailey Rae fr:Corinne Bailey Rae ko:코린 베일리 래 hr:Corinne Bailey Rae it:Corinne Bailey Rae nl:Corinne Bailey Rae ja:コリーヌ・ベイリー・レイ no:Corinne Rae pl:Corinne Bailey Rae pt:Corinne Bailey Rae ru:Бэйли Рэй, Корин fi:Corinne Bailey Rae sv:Corinne Bailey Rae th:คอริน ไบลีย์ เร zh:肯妮·貝兒