| Coordinates | 34°03′″N118°15′″N |
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| name | Norman Wisdom |
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| birth name | Norman Joseph Wisdom |
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| birth date | February 04, 1915 |
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| birth place | Marylebone, London, England |
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| death date | |
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| death place | Ballasalla, Isle of Man |
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| medium | Comedian, actor, singer-songwriter |
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| nationality | British |
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| death cause | Stroke |
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| active | 1948–2005, 2007–08 |
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| spouse | Doreen Brett (1941–46, divorced)Freda Simpson (1947–68, divorced) |
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}}
Sir Norman Joseph Wisdom,
OBE (4 February 1915 – 4 October 2010) was an English actor, comedian and singer-songwriter best known for a series of comedy films produced between 1953 and 1966 featuring his hapless onscreen character Norman Pitkin. These films initially made more money than the
''James Bond'' film series, and secured Wisdom a celebrity status in lands as far apart as South America, Iran and many
Eastern Bloc countries, particularly in
Albania where his films were permitted by
Enver Hoxha – Wisdom was the only Western actor to enjoy this privilege.
Charlie Chaplin famously referred to Wisdom as his "favourite clown".
Wisdom later forged a career on Broadway and as a television actor, winning critical acclaim for his dramatic role of a dying cancer patient in the television play ''Going Gently'' in 1981. It was broadcast on 5 June that year. He toured Australia and South Africa. After the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, a hospice was named in his honour. In 1995 he was given the Freedom of the City of London and of Tirana. The same year he received an OBE. Wisdom was knighted in 2000 and spent much of his later life on the Isle of Man. Some of his later appearances included roles in ''Last of the Summer Wine'' and ''Coronation Street'', and he retired from acting at the age of 90 after his health declined.
Early and personal life
Norman Joseph Wisdom was born in the
Marylebone district of London. His parents were Frederick, a
chauffeur, and Maud Wisdom (née Targett), a
dressmaker who often worked for West End theatres. The couple married in Marylebone on 15 July 1912. Wisdom had an elder brother, Frederick Thomas "Fred" Wisdom (13 December 1912 – 1 July 1971). The family resided at 91 Fernhead Road, London W9, where they slept in one room. Wisdom quipped, "I was born in very sorry circumstances. Both of my parents were very sorry."
Wisdom was married twice. His first wife was Doreen Brett, whom he married in 1941. By 1944 they had separated when Doreen gave birth to a son, Michael (born 1944), fathered by Albert Gerald Hardwick, a telephone engineer. The marriage was dissolved in 1946. He married his second wife, Freda Isobel Simpson, a dancer, in 1947; they had two children: Nicholas (born 1953, who later played first-class cricket for Sussex) and Jacqueline (born 1954). The couple divorced in 1969 and Wisdom was granted full custody of the children. Freda Wisdom died in Brighton in 1992.
Wisdom was a lifelong supporter and a former board member of football team Brighton and Hove Albion. However he also liked Everton and Newcastle United., first declaring his support for the Merseyside club when appearing in the matchday programme in an interview in 1974. He enjoyed golf and was a member of the Grand Order of Water Rats. Popular in the Isle of Man, he lived for 27 years in a house in Andreas named Ballalough (Manx language for "place of the lake", though really a humorous corruption of the English "belly laugh"). He was an Honorary Member of the Winkle Club, a famous charity in Hastings, East Sussex.
A lover of cars, he owned a 1987 Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit and a Jaguar S-Type, until his age and declining mental health meant he failed a Department of Transport fitness-to-drive test and they were sold in September 2005. A supporter of various charities including Mencap, in 2005 Wisdom starred in a video for the Manx girl group Twisted Angels, for their single "LA", in support of the local charity Project 21.
During the 1960s he was involved in a famous legal case (Wisdom v Chamberlain) in which he was pursued by the Inland Revenue for tax on profits made from the sale of silver bullion he had bought as he was concerned about the further devaluation of sterling. He had contended that it was an investment but the court held that it had been a trading venture and was duly chargeable to income tax.
Armed forces
After a period in a
children's home in
Deal, Kent, Wisdom ran away when he was 11 but returned to become an
errand boy in a
grocer's on leaving school at 13. In 1929, he walked (by his own account) to
Cardiff, Wales, where he became a
cabin boy in the
Merchant Navy. Wisdom had been kicked out of his home by his father. He also worked as a coal miner, waiter and
page boy. He first enlisted into the
King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster) but his mother got him "unenlisted" as he was under age. He later re-enlisted as a
drummer boy in the
10th Royal Hussars of the
British Army and in 1930 was posted to
Lucknow, in the
United Provinces of
British India, as a
bandsman. There he gained an education certificate, rode horses, was the
flyweight boxing champion of the
British Army in India and learned to play the trumpet and clarinet. While performing a comedy
boxing routine in an army gym, Wisdom discovered he had a talent for entertainment and began to develop his skills as a musician and
stage entertainer. After leaving the army he learned to drive and worked as a
private hire car driver and having improved his diction in the army he also took a job as a night
telephone operator.
World War II
At the outbreak of
World War II Wisdom was sent to work in a communications centre in a command bunker in London where he connected telephone calls from war leaders to the
prime minister. He met
Winston Churchill on several occasions when asked for updates on incoming calls and once was disciplined for calling him Winnie. He then joined the
Royal Corps of Signals and performed a similar function with a military unit based in
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. After Wisdom appeared at a charity concert at the
Cheltenham Town Hall actor
Rex Harrison came backstage and urged him to become a professional entertainer.
Theatre
Leaving the
army in 1946, Wisdom made his debut as a professional entertainer at the age of 31 and his rise to the top was phenomenally fast. Initially the
straight man to the
magician David Nixon, he had already adopted the costume that would remain his trademark: tweed
flat cap askew, with peak turned up; a suit at least two sizes too tight; a crumpled collar and a mangled tie. The character that went with this costume—known as "the Gump"—was to dominate Wisdom's film career.
A West End star within two years, he made his TV debut the same year and was soon commanding enormous audiences. Charlie Chaplin
called Wisdom his "favourite clown".
Film career
Wisdom made a series of low-budget star-vehicle comedies for the
Rank Organisation, beginning with ''
Trouble in Store'' in 1953. This film earned him a
BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Film in 1954.
Their cheerful, unpretentious appeal make them the direct descendants of the films made a generation earlier by George Formby. Never highly thought of by the critics, they were very popular with domestic audiences and Wisdom's films were among Britain's biggest box office successes of their day, and were successful in some unlikely overseas markets, helping Rank stay afloat financially when their more expensive film projects were unsuccessful.
The films usually involved the Gump character, Norman Pitkin, in a manual occupation in which he is barely competent and in a junior position to a straight man, often played by Edward Chapman (as Mr Grimsdale) or Jerry Desmonde. They benefited from Wisdom's capacity for physical slapstick comedy and his skill at creating a sense of the character's helplessness. The series often contained a romantic subplot; the Gump's inevitable awkwardness with women is a characteristic shared with the earlier Formby vehicles but in which his innocent incompetence made him endearing to the heroine.
Despite a move to filming in colour, by the mid-1960s Wisdom's commercial film appeal was in eclipse. The obvious incongruity of a fifty-year old man playing the prime minister's grandson in ''Press for Time'' (1966) counted against him; Wisdom's age was inaccurately reported for many years.
Later career
In 1966, Wisdom went to the United States to star in a Broadway production of the
James Van Heusen and
Sammy Cahn musical comedy ''Walking Happy''. His performance was nominated for a
Tony Award.
On 31 December 1976, Wisdom performed his theme song "Don't Laugh At Me (Cause I'm a Fool)" on BBC1's ''A Jubilee of Music'', celebrating British pop music for Queen Elizabeth II's impending Silver Jubilee. Wisdom had performed in front of the Queen at many Royal Command Performances, the first being in 1952.
He also completed his first American film as a vaudeville comic in ''The Night They Raided Minsky's''. After a typical performance on the ''Ed Sullivan Show'', further US opportunities were denied him when he had to return to London after his second wife left him. His subsequent career was largely confined to television and he toured the world with his successful cabaret act. He won critical acclaim in 1981 for his dramatic role of a dying cancer patient in the television play ''Going Gently''.
He became prominent again in the 1990s, helped by the young comedian Lee Evans, whose act was often compared to Wisdom's work. His classic Rank films were playing to new audiences on television screens and DVD, with a growing number of new young fans in the United Kingdom and abroad. The highpoint of this new popularity was the knighthood he was awarded, for services to entertainment, in the 2000 new year's honours list. During the ceremony, once he had received his knighthood, he walked away and again performed his trademark trip which the Queen smiled and laughed at.
From 1995 until 2004 he appeared in the recurring role of Billy Ingleton in the long-running BBC comedy ''Last of the Summer Wine''. The role was originally a one-off appearance, but proved so popular that he returned as the character on a number of occasions. In 1996, he became recipient of a Special Achievement Award from the London Film Critics.
Wisdom was a guest on a ''This Is Your Life'' special in the year 2000 for actor and director Todd Carty. He appeared as a half-time guest at the England vs Albania 2002 World Cup qualifier at St James' Park, Newcastle upon Tyne, and scored a penalty at the Leazes End.
In 2002 Wisdom filmed a very tiny role as a butler in a low budget horror film, In 2004, he made a cameo appearance in ''Coronation Street'' playing fitness fanatic pensioner Ernie Crabbe. In 2007 he came out of retirement to take a role in a short film called ''Expresso''.
Popularity in Albania
Wisdom was a cult figure in
Albania, where he was one of the few Western actors whose films were allowed in the country during the
dictatorship of
Enver Hoxha. He was known as "Mr Pitkin" after the character from his films. In 1995, he visited the post-Stalinist country where, to his surprise, he was greeted by many appreciative fans including the then President of
Albania,
Sali Berisha. During this trip, Wisdom was also filmed by ''
Newsnight'' visiting a children's project funded by ChildHope UK. On a visit in 2001, which coincided with the
England football team playing
Albania in the city of
Tirana (of which Wisdom was granted the freedom in 1995), his presence at the training ground eclipsed even that of
David Beckham.
He appeared on the pitch before the start of the Albania v England match wearing a half Albanian and half English football shirt. He was well-received by the crowd, especially when he performed one of his trademark trips on his way out to the centre circle. Wisdom was an honorary citizen of
Tirana.
In his book and TV series ''One Hit Wonderland'', Tony Hawks united with Wisdom and, along with Sir Tim Rice, released a single, "Big In Albania", in an attempt to enter the Albanian pop charts. It reached Number 18 on the Top Albania Radio chart.
Songwriting
Whilst Norman's stage performances often involved musical numbers, few of them were penned by him. He has seven songs attributed to him in the
ASCAP database, which were: ''Beware'', ''Don't Laugh at Me (Cause I'm a Fool)'', ''Falling in Love'', ''Follow a Star'', ''I Love You'', ''Please Opportunity'', and ''Up in the World''.
After his death some confusion was caused by an unsubstantiated Wikipedia claim that he provided lyrics for the song popular during the Second World War, (There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover (actually written by Walter Kent and Nat Burton). Three British newspapers reported this supposed fact: ''The Guardian'', ''The Independent'', and ''The Daily Mirror''. All three publications later retracted this, ''The Guardian'' issued an apology, although ''The Independent'' and the ''The Daily Mirror'' merely changed the text of their webpages without any indication of the error. ''The Guardian'' also retracted that "he was nominated for an Oscar for ''The Night They Raided Minsky's''", whilst ''The Daily Mirror'' retains this attribution (item 6 of their "10 Things you need to know..")
Retirement
Wisdom announced his retirement from the entertainment industry on his 90th birthday (4 February 2005). He announced that he intended to spend more time with his family, playing golf and driving around the
Isle of Man, where he was living.
In 2007, he made a singular return to acting in a feature film directed by Kevin Powis, ''Expresso''. The film, which Wisdom later announced (reported BBC/ITV News) was to be officially his last film role, is set during one day in a coffee shop and was funded by the UK Film Council and ScreenWM. Shot in January, it premièred at the Cannes Film Festival on 27 May 2007. It was later adopted by the UK charity Macmillan and released on DVD in aid of the charity. In the film Wisdom plays a vicar plagued by a fly in a café. Producer Nigel Martin Davey gave him only a visual role so he would not have to remember any lines, but on the day Wisdom was alert and had his performance changed to add more laughs.
Health decline
In mid-2006, after he suffered an irregular heart rhythm, Wisdom was flown by helicopter to hospital in
Liverpool and after a few days was fitted with a
heart pacemaker.
In August 2007, newspapers of the ''Daily Mail'' group and the Isle of Man Newspapers reported that Wisdom was in the Abbotswood nursing home in Ballasalla, where he had been resident from 12 July 2007.
On the release of ''Expresso'' to DVD in the same month, BBC News confirmed that Wisdom lived in a care home, due to his suffering from vascular dementia. It was also reported that he had granted his children power of attorney over his affairs and having sold off his flat in Epsom, Surrey, they were now in the process of selling his Isle of Man home to raise money to fund his longer term care.
In an exclusive interview on 27 August 2007 with the ''News of the World'', journalists were given access to Wisdom's room at the home. He claimed to be happy and content in a routine which his family and carers considered kept him safe in spite of the memory losses associated with his condition.
On 16 January 2008, BBC2 aired ''Wonderland: The Secret Life Of Norman Wisdom Aged 92 and 3/4'', a documentary highlighting the dilemma of coping with an ageing parent. In a spoken trailer on BBC Radio 5 Live for the programme and in later publicity interviews undertaken by his family, it was stated that Wisdom's memory loss had become so severe that he no longer recognised himself in his own films.
Premature obituary
On 28 December 2008,
Sky News announced that Wisdom had died, running a pre-recorded
obituary, both as part of its rolling broadcast coverage and on its website. Shortly afterwards, when it became apparent that other news sites were not carrying the story, Sky dropped the story, stating that it had been published in error in response to e-mail queries.
Death
In the six months prior to his death, Wisdom suffered a series of strokes causing a decline in his physical and mental health. He died at 6:46 pm on 4 October 2010 at Abbotswood nursing home on the Isle of Man at the age of 95.
According to his publicist, Phil Day, "I have never met anyone in the profession who didn't like him, right up to royalty".
His funeral took place on 22 October 2010 in Douglas, Isle of Man and all of the Isle of Man were invited.
His well known cloth cap was placed on the coffin in the church.
Tributes and other references
In 2007, a Norman Wisdom-themed bar opened at the Sefton Hotel,
Douglas, called ''Sir Norman's''. It has stills from his many films on the walls and TV screens playing some of his old films. The bronze statue of Wisdom, which used to be on a bench outside Douglas Town Hall, has been moved to the steps leading into the bar.
In September 1991 a French speaker in an agriculture committee in the European Communities called for the communities to show "la sagesse des Normands" (the wisdom of the Normans), which was translated into English as calling for Norman Wisdom to sort out Europe's problems.
Filmography
''A Date with a Dream'' (1948)
''Wit and Wisdom'' (1948–50, TV)
''Trouble in Store'' (1953)
''One Good Turn'' (1954)
''As Long as They're Happy'' (1955) (cameo)
''Man of the Moment'' (1955)
''Up in the World'' (1956)
''Just My Luck'' (1957)
''The Square Peg'' (1958)
''Follow a Star'' (1959)
''There Was a Crooked Man'' (1960)
''The Bulldog Breed'' (1960)
''The Girl on the Boat'' (1961)
''On the Beat'' (1962)
''A Stitch in Time'' (1963)
''The Early Bird'' (1965)
''The Sandwich Man'' (1966)
''Press for Time'' (1966)
''Androcles and the Lion'' (1967, TV)
''The Night They Raided Minsky's'' (1968)
''What's Good for the Goose'' (1969)
''Norman'' (1970, TV)
''Music Hall'' (1970, TV)
''Nobody Is Norman Wisdom'' (1973, TV)
''A Little Bit of Wisdom'' (1974, TV)
''BBC Playhouse'': "Going Gently" (1981, TV)
''BBC Bergerac'': "Almost Like a Holiday" (1983, TV)
''The 1950s: Music, Memories & Milestones'' (1988, TV)
''Double X: The Name of the Game (Double X, Run Rabbit Run)'' (1992)
''Last of the Summer Wine (1995–2004)
''Where on Earth Is ... Katy Manning'' (1998, TV)
''Casualty'' episode "She Loved the Rain" (1998, TV)
''Junfans Attic'' (2001)
''Dalziel and Pascoe'' episode "Mens Sana" (2002, TV)
''Coronation Street'' (2004, TV)
''Five Children and It'' (2004) Played Nesbitt.
''Last of the Summer Wine'' episode "Variations on a Theme of the Widow Winstanley" (2004, TV)
''Expresso'' (2007) [www.expressofilm.com]
''Wonderland: The Secret Life Of Norman Wisdom Aged 92 and 3/4'' (2008, TV) (his last appearance)
Audio recordings
''I Would Like to Put on Record''
''Jingle Jangle''
''The Very Best of Norman Wisdom''
''Androcles and the Lion''
''Where's Charley?''
''Wisdom of a Fool''
''Nobody's Fool''
''Follow a Star''
''1957 Original Chart Hits''
''Follow a Star/Give Me a Night in June''
''Happy Ending/The Wisdom Of A Fool''
''Big in Albania – One Hit Wonderland''
Books
''Lucky Little Devil:Norman Wisdom on the Island He's Made His Home'' (2004)
''Don't Laugh At Me'', ''Cos I'm a Fool'' (1992) (two volumes of autobiography)
''Trouble in Store'' (1991)
References
External links
Official website
Pathe News clips of Wisdom from the 1950s
Obituary: Sir Norman Wisdom BBC Retrieved 4 October 2010
Telegraph obituary
Guardian obituary
Norman Wisdom Tribute at British Classic Comedy
Category:1915 births
Category:2010 deaths
Category:20th-century actors
Category:21st-century actors
Category:20th-century writers
Category:10th Royal Hussars soldiers
Category:Actors awarded British knighthoods
Category:British Army personnel of World War II
Category:English comedians
Category:English film actors
Category:English musical theatre actors
Category:English screenwriters
Category:English stage actors
Category:BAFTA winners (people)
Category:Knights Bachelor
Category:Military musicians
Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Category:People from Deal, Kent
Category:People from Marylebone
Category:Royal Corps of Signals soldiers
ar:نورمان ويزدوم
az:Norman Uizdom
cy:Norman Wisdom
da:Norman Wisdom
de:Norman Wisdom
es:Norman Wisdom
fa:نورمن ویزدوم
fr:Norman Wisdom
it:Norman Wisdom
hu:Norman Wisdom
no:Norman Wisdom
pt:Norman Wisdom
ru:Уиздом, Норман
sq:Norman Wisdom
simple:Norman Wisdom
fi:Norman Wisdom
sv:Norman Wisdom
uk:Норман Віздом
