name	Jules Gabriel Verne
birth name	Jules Gabriel Verne
birth date	February 08, 1828
birth place	Nantes, France
death date	March 24, 1905
death place	Amiens, France
occupation	Author
language	French
nationality	French
genre	Science-fiction
notableworks	''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'', ''A Journey to the Center of the Earth'', ''Around the World in Eighty Days'', ''The Mysterious Island''
spouse	Honorine Hebe du Fraysse de Viane (Morel) Verne
children	Michel Verne and step-daughters Valentine and Suzanne Morel
influences	Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Józef Sękowski, Edgar Allan Poe, James Fenimore Cooper, Jacques Arago, Daniel Defoe, Johann David Wyss, George Sand, Erckmann-Chatrian, Adolphe d'Ennery
influenced	H.G. Wells, Hugo Gernsback, Arthur Conan Doyle, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Donald G. Payne, Steampunk, Emilio Salgari, Paschal Grousset,
signature	Firma de Julio Verne.svg
portaldisp	}}

Jules Gabriel Verne (; February 8, 1828 – March 24, 1905) was a French author who pioneered the science-fiction genre. He is best known for his novels ''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'' (1870), ''A Journey to the Center of the Earth'' (1864), and ''Around the World in Eighty Days'' (1873). Verne wrote about space, air, and underwater travel before air travel and practical submarines were invented, and before practical means of space travel had been devised. He is the second most translated individual author in the world, according to Index Translationum. Some of his books have also been made into live-action and animated films and television shows. Verne, along with Hugo Gernsback and H. G. Wells, is often popularly referred to as the "Father of Science Fiction".

Early life

Jules Gabriel Verne was born in Nantes, Brittany () in France, to Pierre Verne, an attorney, and his wife, Sophie Allote de la Fuÿe. Jules spent his early years at home with his parents in the bustling harbor city of Nantes. The family spent summers in a country house just outside the city, in Brains on the banks of the Loire River. Here Jules and his brother Paul would often rent a boat for a Franc a day. The sight of the many ships navigating the river sparked Jules's imagination, as he describes in the autobiographical short story "Souvenirs d'Enfance et de Jeunesse". At the age of nine, Jules and Paul, of whom he was very fond, were sent to boarding school at the Saint Donatien College (Petit séminaire de Saint-Donatien). As a child, he developed a great interest in travel and exploration, a passion he showed as a writer of adventure stories and science fiction. His interest in writing often cost him progress in other subjects.

At the boarding school, Verne studied Latin, which he used in his short story "Le Mariage de Monsieur Anselme des Tilleuls" in the mid 1850s. One of his teachers may have been the French inventor Brutus de Villeroi, professor of drawing and mathematics at the college in 1842, and who later became famous for creating the US Navy's first submarine, the USS ''Alligator''. De Villeroi may have inspired Verne's conceptual design for the Nautilus in ''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'', although no direct exchanges between the two men have been recorded.

Verne's second French biographer, his grand-niece Marguerite Allotte de la Fuÿe, formulated the rumor that Verne was so fascinated with adventure at an early age that he stowed away on a ship bound for the West Indies, but that Jules's voyage was cut short when he found his father waiting for him at the next port.

Literary debut

After completing his studies at the ''lycée'', Verne went to Paris to study for the bar. Around 1848, in conjunction with Michel Carré, he began writing libretti for operettas. For some years, his attentions were divided between the theatre and work, but some travelers' stories which he wrote for the ''Musée des familles'' revealed to him his true talent: the telling of delightfully extravagant voyages and adventures to which cleverly prepared scientific and geographical details lent an air of verisimilitude.

When Verne's father discovered that his son was writing rather than studying law, he promptly withdrew his financial support. Verne was forced to support himself as a stockbroker, which he hated despite being somewhat successful at it. During this period, he met Victor Hugo and Alexandre Dumas, père, who offered him writing advice.

Verne also met Honorine de Viane Morel, a widow with two daughters. They were married on January 10, 1857. With her encouragement, he continued to write and actively looked for a publisher. On August 3, 1861, their son, Michel Jules Verne, was born. A classic ''enfant terrible'', Michel would marry an actress over Verne's objections, had two children by his underage mistress, and buried himself in debts. The relationship between father and son did improve as Michel grew older.

Verne's situation improved when he met Pierre-Jules Hetzel, one of the most important French publishers of the 19th century, who also published Victor Hugo, George Sand, and Erckmann-Chatrian, among others. They formed an excellent writer-publisher team until Hetzel's death. Hetzel helped improve Verne's writings, which until then had been repeatedly rejected by other publishers. Hetzel read a draft of Verne's story about the balloon exploration of Africa, which had been rejected by other publishers for being "too scientific". With Hetzel's help, Verne rewrote the story, which was published in 1863 in book form as ''Cinq semaines en ballon'' (''Five Weeks in a Balloon''). Acting on Hetzel's advice, Verne added comical accents to his novels, changed sad endings into happy ones, and toned down various political messages.

From that point, Hetzel published two or more volumes a year. The most successful of these include ''Voyage au centre de la Terre'' (''Journey to the Center of the Earth'', 1864); ''De la Terre à la Lune'' (''From the Earth to the Moon'', 1865); ''Vingt mille lieues sous les mers'' (''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'', 1869); and ''Le tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours'' (''Around the World in Eighty Days''), which first appeared in ''Le Temps'' in 1872. The series is collectively known as "Voyages Extraordinaires" ("extraordinary voyages"). Verne could now live on his writings. But most of his wealth came from the stage adaptations of ''Le tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours'' (1874) and ''Michel Strogoff'' (1876), which he wrote with Adolphe d'Ennery. In 1867, Verne bought a small ship, the ''Saint-Michel'', which he successively replaced with the ''Saint-Michel II'' and the ''Saint-Michel III'' as his financial situation improved. On board the ''Saint-Michel III'', he sailed around Europe. In 1870, he was appointed as "Chevalier" (Knight) of the Légion d'honneur. After his first novel, most of his stories were first serialised in the ''Magazine d'Éducation et de Récréation'', a Hetzel biweekly publication, before being published in the form of books. His brother Paul contributed to ''40th French climbing of the Mont-Blanc'' and a collection of short stories – ''Doctor Ox'' – in 1874. Verne became wealthy and famous. According to the Unesco Index Translationum, Jules Verne regularly places among the top five most translated authors in the world.

Later years

On March 9, 1886, as Verne was coming home, his twenty-five-year-old nephew, Gaston, shot him with a gun. One bullet missed, but the second entered Verne's left leg, giving him a limp that would not be cured. The incident was hushed up by the media, and Gaston spent the rest of his life in an asylum.

After the deaths of Hetzel and his beloved mother Sophie Henriette Allotte de la Fruye in 1887, Jules began writing darker works. This may partly be due to changes in his personality, but an important factor is the fact that Hetzel's son, who took over his father's business, was not as rigorous in his corrections as Hetzel had been. In 1888, Jules Verne entered politics and was elected town councillor of Amiens, where he championed several improvements and served for fifteen years. In 1905, while ill with diabetes, Verne died at his home, 44 Boulevard Longueville (now Boulevard Jules-Verne). Michel oversaw publication of his novels ''Invasion of the Sea'' and ''The Lighthouse at the End of the World''. The "Voyages extraordinaires" series continued for several years afterwards in the same rhythm of two volumes a year. It has later been discovered that Michel Verne had made extensive changes in these stories, and the original versions were published at the end of the 20th century.

In 1863, Jules Verne wrote a novel called ''Paris in the Twentieth Century'' about a young man who lives in a world of glass skyscrapers, high-speed trains, gas-powered automobiles, calculators, and a worldwide communications network, yet cannot find happiness and comes to a tragic end. Hetzel thought the novel's pessimism would damage Verne's then-booming career, and suggested he wait 20 years to publish it. Verne put the manuscript in a safe, where it was discovered by his great-grandson in 1989. It was published in 1994.

Reputation in English-speaking countries

While Verne is considered in many countries such as France as an author of quality books for young people, with a good command of his subjects, including technology and politics, his reputation in English-speaking countries suffered for a long time from poor translation.

Characteristic of much of late 19th-century writing, Verne's books often took a chauvinistic point of view. The British Empire was notably portrayed in a bad light in ''The Mysterious Island'', as Captain Nemo was revealed to be an Indian nobleman fighting the British Empire, which had not been mentioned in ''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea''. The first English translator of ''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'' and ''From the Earth to the Moon, and a Trip Around It'', Reverend Lewis Page Mercier, working under a pseudonym, removed passages describing the political actions of Captain Nemo. However, such negative depictions were not invariable in Verne's works; for example, ''Facing the Flag'' features Lieutenant Devon, a heroic, self-sacrificing Royal Navy officer worthy of comparison with any written by British authors. Another example of a positive depiction of an Englishman is the brave and resourceful Phileas Fogg, the protagonist of ''Around the World in Eighty Days''.

Mercier and subsequent British translators also had trouble with the metric system that Verne used, sometimes dropping significant figures, at other times keeping the nominal value and only changing the unit to an Imperial measure. Thus Verne's calculations, which in general were remarkably exact, were converted into mathematical gibberish. Also, artistic passages and whole chapters were cut because of the need to fit the work in a constrained space for publication. (London author Cranstoun Metcalfe (1866–1938) translated most of Verne's work into English during the first half of the 20th century.)

For those reasons, Verne's work initially acquired a reputation in English-speaking countries for not being fit for adult readers. This, in turn, prevented him from being taken seriously enough to merit new translations, leading to those of Mercier and others being reprinted decade after decade. Only from 1965 on were some of his novels re-translated more accurately, but even today Verne's work has still not been fully rehabilitated in the English-speaking world.

Verne's works also reflect the bitterness France felt in the wake of defeat in the Franco-Prussian War from 1870 to 1871, and the loss of Alsace and Lorraine. ''The Begum's Millions'' (''Les Cinq cents millions de la Begum'') of 1879 gives a highly stereotypical depiction of Germans as monstrous cruel militarists. By contrast, almost all the protagonists in his pre-1871 works, such as the sympathetic first-person narrator in ''Journey to the Centre of the Earth'', are German.

Memorials

A restaurant built into the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France is named Le Jules Verne Restaurant. In June 1989, the Jules Verne Food Court opened at the Merry Hill Shopping Centre in the West Midlands of England; however, it had closed by the mid 1990s due to disappointing trade.

Hetzel's influence

Hetzel substantially influenced the writings of Verne, who was so happy to finally find a willing publisher that he agreed to almost all changes that Hetzel suggested. Hetzel rejected at least one novel (''Paris in the Twentieth Century'') and asked Verne to significantly change his other drafts. One of the most important changes Hetzel enforced on Verne was the adoption of optimism in his novels. Verne was in fact not an enthusiast of technological and human progress, as can be seen in his works created before he met Hetzel and after Hetzel's death. Hetzel's demand for optimistic texts proved correct. For example, ''Mysterious Island'' originally ended with the survivors returning to the mainland forever nostalgic about the island. Hetzel decided that the heroes should live happily, so in the revised draft, they use their fortunes to build a replica of the island. Many translations are like this. Also, in order not to offend France's then-ally, Russia, the origin and past of the famous Captain Nemo were changed from those of a Polish refugee avenging the partitions of Poland and the death of his family in the January Uprising repressions to those of an Indian prince fighting the British Empire after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Bibliography

Verne wrote numerous works, most famous of which are the 54 novels comprising the ''Voyages Extraordinaires''. He also wrote short stories, essays, plays, and poems.

His very first and better known works include: ''A Voyage in a Balloon (Un Voyage en ballon, August 1851 as published in ''Musee des familles'').

''Five Weeks in a Balloon'' (''Cinq semaines en ballon'', 1863)

''Paris in the Twentieth Century'' (''Paris au XXe siècle'', 1863, not published until 1994)

''A Journey to the Center of the Earth'' (''Voyage au centre de la Terre'', 1864)

''From the Earth to the Moon'' (''De la Terre à la Lune'', 1865)

''The Adventures of Captain Hatteras'' (''Voyages et aventures du capitaine Hatteras'', 1866)

''In Search of the Castaways'' or ''Captain Grant's Children'' (''Les Enfants du capitaine Grant'', 1867–1868)

''Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'' (''Vingt mille lieues sous les mers'', 1870)

''Around the Moon'' (''Autour de la lune'', a sequel to ''From the Earth to the Moon'', 1870)

''A Floating City'' (''Une ville flottante'', 1871)

"Dr. Ox's Experiment" (''Une Fantaisie du Docteur Ox'', 1872)

''The Adventures of Three Englishmen and Three Russians in South Africa'' (''Aventures de trois Russes et de trois Anglais'', 1872 )

''The Fur Country'' (''Le Pays des fourrures'', 1873)

''Around the World in Eighty Days'' (''Le Tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours'', 1873)

''The Survivors of the Chancellor'' (''Le Chancellor'', 1875)

''The Mysterious Island'' (''L'Île mystérieuse'', 1875)

"The Blockade Runners", (1876)

''Michael Strogoff'' (''Michel Strogoff'', 1876)

''Off on a Comet'' (''Hector Servadac'', 1877)

''The Child of the Cavern'', also known as ''Black Diamonds'' or ''The Black Indies'' (''Les Indes noires'', 1877)

''Dick Sand, A Captain at Fifteen'' (''Un Capitaine de quinze ans'', 1878)

''The Begum's Millions'' (''Les Cinq cents millions de la Bégum'', 1879)

''The Steam House'' (''La Maison à vapeur'', 1879)

''Tribulations of a Chinaman in China'' (''Les Tribulations d'un Chinois en Chine''), 1879

''Eight Hundred Leagues on the Amazon'' (''La Jangada'', 1881)

''The Green Ray'' (''Le Rayon vert'', 1882)

''Kéraban the Inflexible'' (1883)

"Frritt-Flacc" (1884)

''The Vanished Diamond'' (''L’Étoile du sud'', 1884)

''The Archipelago on Fire'' (''L’Archipel en feu'', 1884)

''Mathias Sandorf'' (1885)

''Robur the Conqueror'' or ''The Clipper of the Clouds'' (''Robur-le-Conquérant'', 1886)

''Ticket No. "9672"'' (''Un Billet de loterie'', 1886 )

''North Against South'' (''Nord contre Sud'', 1887)

''The Flight to France'' (''Le Chemin de France'', 1887)

''Family Without a Name'' (''Famille-sans-nom'', 1888)

''Two Years' Vacation'' (''Deux Ans de vacances'', 1888)

''The Purchase of the North Pole'' (''Sans dessus dessous'', the second sequel to ''From the Earth to the Moon'', 1889)

''Mistress Branican'' (1891)

''The Carpathian Castle'' (''Le Château des Carpathes'', 1892)

''Claudius Bombarnac'' (''Claudius Bombarnac'', 1893)

''Propeller Island'' (''L’Île à hélice'', 1895)

''Facing the Flag'' (''Face au drapeau'', 1896)

''Clovis Dardentor'' (1896)

''The Sphinx of the Ice Fields'' or ''An Antarctic Mystery'' (''Le Sphinx des glaces'', a sequel to Edgar Allan Poe's ''The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym'', 1897)

''The Mighty Orinoco'' (''Le Superbe Orénoque'', 1897)

''The Village in the Treetops'' (''Le Village aérien'', 1901)

''The Kip Brothers'' (''Les Frères Kip'',1902)

''Master of the World'' (''Maître du monde'', sequel to ''Robur the Conqueror'', 1904)

''Invasion of the Sea'' (''L’Invasion de la mer'', 1904)

''A Drama in Livonia'' (''Un Drame en Livonie'', 1904)

''The Lighthouse at the End of the World'' (''Le Phare du bout du monde'', 1905)

''The Chase of the Golden Meteor'' (''La Chasse au météore'', 1908)

''The Danube Pilot'' (''Le Pilote du Danube'', 1908)

''The Survivors of the "Jonathan"'' (''Les Naufragés du « Jonathan »'', 1909)

See also

Paschal Grousset

Karl May

Zane Grey

B. Traven

Emilio Salgari

Edgar Rice Burroughs

Osip Senkovsky

Oshikawa Shunro

Steampunk, a style that took inspiration from Verne.

References

Further reading

William Butcher, Arthur C. Clarke (Introduction) (2006). ''Jules Verne: The Definitive Biography''. ISBN 1-56025-854-3

Herbert R. Lottman (1997). ''Jules Verne: An Exploratory Biography''. ISBN 0-312-14636-1

Philippe Melot, Jean-Marie Embs (2005).''Le Guide Jules Verne''. Les Editions de l'Amateur, Paris.ISBN 2-85917-417-6

Françoise Schiltz (2011). ''The Future Revisited: Jules Verne on Screen in 1950s America''. Chaplin Books, Gosport. ISBN 0-9565595-2-2

:*Translated as

External links

Bibliography

Les Voyages Extraordinaires – list of Verne works Compiled by Dennis Kytasaari. Bibliography.

Sources

Jules Verne's works: text, concordances and frequency list

A Jules Verne Centennial 1905–2005: A selection of early Jules Verne books and illustrations at the Smithsonian Institution Libraries edited by Norman M. Wolcott.

Zvi Har'El's Jules Verne Collection, including the Jules Verne Virtual Library, online sources of 51 of Jules Verne's novels translated into eight languages.

The Jules Verne Collecting Resource Page, complete online sources, posters, cards, autographs, first edition covers, etc..

Biography

Biography of Jules Verne

Reviews

"Jules Verne: Father of Science Fiction?", John Derbyshire, ''The New Atlantis'', Number 12, Spring 2006, pp. 81–90. A review of four new Jules Verne translations from the "Early Classics of Science Fiction" series by Wesleyan University Press.

''Jules Verne: An Exploratory Biography'', by Herbert R. Lottman – a review.

Misc

The maps from the Voyages Extraordinaires, scans of all the maps that were included in the original editions of Jules Verne’s novels.

Category:French science fiction writers Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees Category:French Roman Catholics Category:Operetta librettists Category:People from Nantes Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur Category:Roman Catholic writers Category:1828 births Category:1905 deaths Category:Maritime writers

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name	François Simon
fullname	François Simon
birth date	October 28, 1968
birth place	Troyes, France
discipline	Road
role	Rider
proyears	1991–19951996–199819992000-2002
proteams	CastoramaGanCrédit AgricoleBonjour
majorwins	1999 French road race champion
updated	June 30, 2008 }}

François Simon (born October 28, 1968 at Troyes, France) is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He was professional from 1991 to 2002. He is the brother of Régis, Pascal and Jérôme, all professional cyclists. In the 2001 Tour de France, Simon wore the maillot jaune for three days and finished as best French finisher in that Tour. Other career highlights include a stage win in the 1992 Giro d'Italia, two stage wins in the Tour de l'Avenir, stage wins in Circuit de la Sarthe, Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré and Paris–Nice as well as being road race champion of France in 1999.

Palmarès

;1992 :Giro d'Italia: ::Winner stage 15 : Mi-Août Bretonne ;1999 :Châteauroux - Classic de l'Indre :Dijon : national road race champion ;2000 :Ronde d'Aix-en-Provence ;2001 :Dijon :Dun le Palestel :Tour de France: ::Wearing yellow jersey for three days ::6th place overall classification

External links

Official Tour de France results for François Simon

Category:1968 births Category:Living people Category:French cyclists Category:French Giro d'Italia stage winners Category:People from Troyes

de:François Simon (Radsportler) es:François Simon fr:François Simon (cycliste) it:François Simon nl:François Simon

birth date	September 25, 1951
birth name	Mark Richard Hamill
birth place	Concord, California, U.S.
nationality	American
education	Kearny Mesa High School
alma mater	Los Angeles City College
spouse
occupation	Actor, voice-actor, producer, director, writer
years active	1970–present
signature	Mark Hamill signature.svg }}

Mark Richard Hamill (born September 25, 1951) is an American actor, voice artist, producer, director, and writer, best known for his role as Luke Skywalker in the original ''Star Wars'' trilogy. More recently, he has received acclaim for his voice work, in such roles as the Joker in ''Batman: The Animated Series'', Firelord Ozai in Nickelodeon's ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'', and various other animated series, films, and video games.

Early life and education

Hamill was born in Concord, California and raised in Oakland, the son of Virginia Suzanne (née Johnson) and William Thomas Hamill, who was a captain in the U.S. Navy. He was one of seven children: two brothers, Will and Patrick, and four sisters, Terry, Jan, Jeanie, and Kim. As a child, his father's career meant numerous relocations, and he attended different schools throughout his childhood. In his elementary years, he went to Poe Middle School, at 11-years-old, he moved to the 5900 block of Castleton Drive in San Diego. He attended Hale Junior High School and, during his freshman year at James Madison Senior High School, his family moved to Virginia. He attended Nile C. Kinnick H.S.(Yokohama High) in his junior year and was a member of the drama club. He attended Annandale High School located in Annandale, Virginia. He majored in drama at Los Angeles City College.

Early career

Hamill's early career included voicing the character Corey Anders on the Saturday morning cartoon ''Jeannie'' by Hanna-Barbera Productions. He also portrayed the oldest son David on the pilot episode of ''Eight Is Enough'', though the role was later performed by Grant Goodeve. He acted in TV series such as ''The Texas Wheelers'', ''General Hospital'', ''The Partridge Family'', and ''One Day at a Time''. One of his earliest films was the made-for-TV film ''The City''.

''Star Wars''

In 1977, Hamill starred as Luke Skywalker in George Lucas' epic space opera ''Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope''. The film was an enormous, unexpected success and made a huge impact on the film industry. Hamill also appeared in ''The Star Wars Holiday Special'' (1978) and later starred in the successful ''Star Wars'' sequels ''The Empire Strikes Back'' (1980) and ''Return of the Jedi'' (1983).

For his portrayal of Luke Skywalker, Hamill was twice honored with the Saturn Award for Best Actor (given by the ''Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films''), for his performance in both sequels. The actor also reprised the role for the radio dramatizations of both ''Star Wars'' and ''The Empire Strikes Back'', but did not participate in the ''Return of the Jedi'' radio drama due to budgetary concerns.

Lucas was rumored to have asked Hamill to reprise the role of Luke Skywalker in a ''Star Wars'' sequel trilogy as an Obi-Wan Kenobi-type character who passes the torch to the next generation of Jedi Knights. Lucas later dismissed it as nothing more than an off-hand comment.

Reprints of Joseph Campbell's ''The Hero with a Thousand Faces'' (which influenced Lucas as he was developing the films) issued after the release of ''Star Wars'' in 1977 used the image of Hamill as Luke Skywalker on the cover.

Car accident

On January 11, 1977, one day before he was set to shoot one of the final scenes needed for ''Star Wars'', Hamill was in a car accident in which he fractured his nose and left cheekbone. According to ''Star Wars'' producer Gary Kurtz, Hamill was in surgery from 9 AM until 4 PM. As a result of the accident, a double was used for the landspeeder pickup shots.

Live action and stage work

After the success of ''Star Wars'', Hamill found that audiences identified him very closely with the role of Luke Skywalker. He attempted to avoid typecasting by appearing in ''Corvette Summer'' and the better-known World War II film ''The Big Red One''. As the 1980s wore on, Hamill did little film work outside of ''Star Wars''. Instead, he acted on Broadway, starring in ''Amadeus'', ''The Elephant Man'' (for which he received a Drama Desk Award nomination), and other stage plays, for which he received positive reviews.

Hamill played the villainous Hawkins in the Swedish action movie ''Hamilton'' in 1998. Some of his other film credits include ''The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia'', ''Britannia Hospital'', ''Slipstream'', ''The Guyver'', and the 1995 remake of ''Village of the Damned''. In 1990, he played an escaped mental patient who terrorizes Michael Dudikoff and his wife in ''Midnight Ride''. He also narrated ''The Sci-Fi Files'', a four-part documentary about the influence of science fiction upon present society. In 2001, Hamill starred in the feature film ''Thank You, Good Night'' alongside Christian Campbell, J.P. Pitoc, and Sally Kirkland.

In live-action television, Hamill had recurring roles in ''General Hospital'' and ''The Texas Wheelers'' (both pre-''Star Wars''), and he appeared as the Trickster in the live-action television series of ''The Flash'', a role he would later reprise in the animated series ''Justice League Unlimited''. He has made cameo appearances on ''MADtv'' (where he played the estranged father of Ms. Swan), and appeared on ''Saturday Night Live'' (playing himself being sold on a ''Star Wars'' themed home shopping sale). Hamill appeared on an episode of ''3rd Rock from the Sun'', playing Luke Skywalker during one of the scenes. He appeared on an episode of ''Just Shoot Me!'' He also had a guest spot on ''The Muppet Show'' as both himself and his "cousin" Luke Skywalker, along with C-3PO, Chewbacca and R2-D2. In 1986, he appeared in an episode of the TV series ''The Amazing Stories'' ("Gather Ye Acorns") in the role of Jonathan, who is advised by "Mother Nature's only son" to not discard his childhood belongings, which causes him trouble during his adult life. As he grows older, he is able to auction off his belongings as memorabilia, becoming wealthy in the process. He also had a recurring role as Tobias LeConte on ''seaQuest DSV.''He also had a small role as Henry in ''The Bill Cosby Show'' from 1970.

Hamill appeared as Cock-Knocker in the film ''Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back''. He also parodies Luke Skywalker in a "bong saber" duel with Jay and Silent Bob in which he says, "Don't fuck with the Jedi Master, son." When his large, fake right hand prop is cut off in the film's duel, he sighs, looks at the camera and says, "Not again." This was the first time that Hamill and his ''Star Wars'' co-star Carrie Fisher appeared in a film together since ''Return of the Jedi'', although they share no scenes. He also provides the voice of Scooby-Doo in the scene which parodies the animated show, where Scooby says "Hi, Ray and Rirent Rob".

Hamill also directed and starred in the 2005 direct-to-DVD ''Comic Book: The Movie''. A comic book fan who attended science fiction and comic conventions before he became famous, Hamill claimed that his character was based on an exaggerated version of himself. He and his crew shot most of the "mockumentary" film during the 2002 San Diego Comic-Con, and enlisted even Stan Lee, Kevin Smith, and Hugh Hefner in small roles. The movie won an award for Best Live-Action DVD Premiere Movie at the 2005 DVD Exclusive Awards.

Hamill will appear in the fifth season of NBC's show Chuck.

Voice acting

Mark Hamill has gained a reputation as a prolific voice actor, beginning with his acclaimed role as the Joker in ''Batman: The Animated Series'' (1992–1995), as well as most of the other spin-off series, video games and films. Hamill had initially played a guest voice-role as corrupt businessman Ferris Boyle in the episode "Heart of Ice", and was delighted when offered the role of the Joker, one of his favorite characters. The most prominent feature of his portrayal that has garnered such acclaim is his dynamic use of laughter to express the Joker's mood. Hamill referred to the Joker's laugh as being like a musical instrument and would practice laughing maniacally while driving to recording sessions, commenting that no one found this behavior strange in Los Angeles.

Hamill also voiced the Joker in three episodes of ''Superman: The Animated Series'', five episodes of ''The New Batman Adventures'', five episodes of ''Justice League'', and an episode of ''Static Shock''. He also voiced the Joker in the theatrical film ''Batman: Mask of the Phantasm'' (1993) and the direct-to-video film ''Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker'' (2000).

The short-lived WB live action series, ''Birds of Prey'', based on the comic book of the same title, featured a flashback sequence in which the Joker shoots Barbara Gordon (Batgirl) and paralyzes her. This sequence featured Hamill voicing the Joker, dubbed over an actor whose facial structure more resembled the character. The actor's face was shot in the background so as to be slightly blurred. Hamill also voiced the Joker alongside his ''Batman: The Animated Series'' co-star Kevin Conroy as Batman and Jason Hillhouse as Dick Grayson in a feature of a storyboard scene included in the 2005 Special Edition DVD of Tim Burton's 1989 ''Batman'' film. This scene depicted the origin of Robin, which was not filmed because the producers felt it was out of place with the rest of the film.

Hamill also provided voice-acting for villains Solomon Grundy and the Trickster in the DC animated universe series ''Justice League'' and ''Justice League Unlimited''. Hamill has since voiced villain Tony Zucco in ''The Batman'', a more recent animated series which is unrelated to the various DCAU series. He also voiced the Spectre, in an episode of the currently-running Batman cartoon, ''Batman: The Brave and the Bold''.

Long before the DC animated universe, Hamill did voice acting work in the Ralph Bakshi film ''Wizards'', where he played "Sean, leader of the Knights of Stardust". The film was released on the same weekend as ''Star Wars''.

Hamill later did the voice of Lawrance "Larry" 3000, in Cartoon Network's animated series ''Time Squad''. He also guest starred in ''The Simpsons'' episode "Mayored to the Mob". On the audio commentary of the episode, he says that he has been a fan of the show since it first aired in 1990. and that it was a personal thrill to work with Dan Castellaneta, the voice of Homer Simpson.

His success as The Joker has led to other villain roles in other animated series, including the Gargoyle in the animated series of ''The Incredible Hulk'', the Hobgoblin in ''Spider-Man: The Animated Series'', Maximus in ''Fantastic Four'', Captain Stickybeard in ''Codename: Kids Next Door'', and the deranged shock jock Dr. Jak in ''Phantom 2040''. He even parodied his Joker role in the ''Tom & Jerry Kids'' episode "Droopy Man Returns," and in the ''Animaniacs'' episode "The Cranial Crusader", as Johnny Bad-Note. He voiced Py-Ro in ''Crash Bandicoot: The Wrath of Cortex'', Dr. Julius Pendecker in ''The Tick'', and Niju the Evil Wolf in ''Balto II: Wolf Quest''. He also voiced Christopher "Maverick" Blair in the animated series ''Wing Commander Academy''. In 1999, he provided the voice of Van Ripper in ''The Night of the Headless Horseman''. He voiced the character of Chanukah Zombie for the 2007 straight-to-DVD release ''Futurama: Bender's Big Score''. He also voiced the character Adolpho in Loonatics Unleashed.

Hamill performs the voice of the villain Undergrowth in the ''Danny Phantom'' episode "Urban Jungle." More recently, he provided the voice of series antagonist Fire Lord Ozai in ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' and Skeleton King in ''Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go!''. He also guest starred as The Moth in the ''SpongeBob SquarePants'' episode "Night Light". Additionally, he played the latter character in the ''Mina and the Count'' shorts.

In the Hanna-Barbera Productions cartoon ''SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron'', Hamill voiced Jonny K., the Red Lynx, and Burke, among others. He is also a recurring voice actor on Seth Green's ''Robot Chicken''. Adult Swim listed Hamill as one of the channel's best Voice Actors.

In April 2009, he had a voice cameo in the NASA animated short "Robot Astronomy Talk Show: Gravity and the Great Attractor," part of the web-series ''IRrelevant Astronomy'', produced by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

He is currently doing voicework for several characters in the ''Metalocalypse'' animated series, plays the voice of Skips in the animated series ''Regular Show'', and did a special guest appearance on ''The Boondocks'' in the episode Mr. Medicinal on Adult Swim. He also voices Frank the Director in ''Random! Cartoons'' on Frederator Studios.

Anime

He voiced Colonel Muska in the English language version of ''Castle in the Sky'' and the Mayor of Pejite in ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'', both directed by Hayao Miyazaki and distributed by Disney. Hamill provided the voice of Commander Taylor in ''Robotech: The Shadow Chronicles'', the sequel to the 1980s adapted anime series ''Robotech''. He was also in ''Afro Samurai Resurrection''.

Hamill provides the voice of Jameson Burkright in the miniseries comedy ''The Wrong Coast'', and Yamma in the joint Cartoon Network/Production I.G anime series ''IGPX Immortal Grand Prix''. In early 2010, he voiced as Dante's father in the anime film version of ''Dante's Inferno''.

Video games

Hamill's roles in television animation led to his recruitment as a voice actor for a number of video games, most often as the antagonist.

When the ''Wing Commander'' series of computer games started using full motion video cut scenes, Hamill was cast as the series protagonist, Colonel Christopher Blair, a role he played in ''Wing Commander III: Heart of the Tiger'' (1994), ''Wing Commander IV: The Price of Freedom'' (1995), and ''Wing Commander: Prophecy'' (1997). (In the 1999 ''Wing Commander'' film, set earlier in the series, the character was played by Freddie Prinze, Jr.) He did however, have a cameo, as did many of the other actors who did voice-overs for the game. Hamill was also cast as the voice of Christopher Blair in the animated television series ''Wing Commander Academy''.

Other notable computer-game roles (voice only) include Detective Mosely in ''Gabriel Knight: Sins of the Fathers'', Assistant Director Wilson in ''Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix'', several characters in the LucasArts game ''Full Throttle'' (including the game's main villain, Adrian Ripburger), and Wolverine in ''X-Men 2: Wolverine's Revenge'', the tie-in game to the movie ''X-Men 2''. Hamill also provided a voice for one of the selectable voicesets in Icewind Dale (Heart of Winter expansion) and also two of the primary characters of ''Starsiege'', one of them a young warrior leading a rebellion against an empire. Hamill voiced characters for ''The Scorpion King: Rise of the Akkadian'', and also played the role of Emperor Griffon in the PlayStation 2 role-playing game ''Dark Cloud 2'', as well as Colonel Kroitz in ''Grandia Xtreme''.

He portrayed the Joker in a few Batman-themed video games, notably ''Batman Vengeance'', the Sega CD version of ''The Adventures of Batman & Robin'', and in ''Batman: Arkham Asylum''. Hamill will again reprise his role of The Joker in ''Batman: Arkham City'' as well as the computer and Playstation 3 MMORPG ''DC Universe Online''.

While some have mistakenly suspected that he reprised his role as Luke Skywalker for LucasArts' ''Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast'' and ''Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy'', the character is actually voiced by Bob Bergen (also the voice of Porky Pig and others). Hamill's likeness is also used as an alternative character model in the Wii and PlayStation 2 versions of ''Star Wars: The Force Unleashed''. The PlayStation 2 and Wii editions feature both ''A New Hope'' and ''Return of the Jedi'' models.

He narrated a documentary on the United States' 1st Infantry Division. Footage from the documentary was used in the video game ''Call of Duty 2: Big Red One''. He has appeared in two installments in the ''Crash Bandicoot'' series: in ''Crash Bandicoot: The Wrath of Cortex'' as Py-Ro the Fire Elemental, and in ''Crash: Mind over Mutant'' as the Znu.

Hamill did voiceover work for the PlayStation 2 game ''Yakuza'', where he plays Goro Majima, a lieutenant in a Yakuza family. He is also the voice of Malefor the Dark Master in ''The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon''. He also lent his vocal talents to ''Darksiders'', as the Watcher.

Hamill also lent his voice to the English version of the PlayStation Portable title, ''Kingdom Hearts: Birth by Sleep'' as Master Eraqus. The game's director, Tetsuya Nomura, stated in an interview that he chose Hamill for the part specifically because of his role as Luke Skywalker.

Audio books

Hamill voiced the character of Todd Wainio in ''World War Z'', a critically acclaimed audiobook based on Max Brooks' novel of the same name.

He also provided the entire cast of voices for a 1983 audiobook version of ''Pinocchio'' (with unique characteristics for each). Hamill also reads life into the characters of the popular juvenile fiction book series, ''The Spiderwick Chronicles Volumes I-III'', by Holly Black and Tony DiTerlizzi.

Narration

Hamill is credited as the narrator in ''Ancient Voices'', a 1999 series of documentaries on archaeology and ancient history produced by as a BBC/The Learning Channel co-production, and published by Time-Life as a DVD series.

Writing career

Hamill is the co-writer of ''The Black Pearl'', a comic book miniseries published by Dark Horse Comics. He wrote an introduction to the Trade Paperback ''Batman: Riddler Two-Face'' which reprints various stories involving The Riddler and Two-Face to tie in with ''Batman Forever''. He has also written several stories for ''Simpsons Comics'', including "Catastrophe in Substitute Springfields!", which parodies DC's ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' and also references several other classic comics.

Personal life

In 1978, Hamill married dental hygienist Marilou York. They have three children together: Nathan (b. June 25, 1979), Griffin (b. March 4, 1983) and Chelsea Elizabeth (b. July 27, 1988). His son Nathan was born during filming of ''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' and had a cameo role in ''Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace'' (1999) playing one of the Royal Guards of Naboo.

Filmography

Features

''Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope'' (1977) as Luke Skywalker

''Corvette Summer'' (1978)

''The Star Wars Holiday Special'' (1978) as Luke Skywalker

''Sam Fuller and the Big Red One'' (1979) (documentary)

''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back'' (1980) as Luke Skywalker

''The Big Red One'' (1980)

''The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia'' (1981)

''Britannia Hospital'' (1982)

''Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' (1983) as Luke Skywalker

''Slipstream'' (1989)

''Fall of the Eagles'' (1989)

''Midnight Ride'' (1990)

''The Guyver'' (1991)

''Black Magic Woman'' (1991)

''Earth Angel'' (1991)

''Sleepwalkers'' (1992) as Lt. Jennings

''Time Runner'' (1993)

''Silk Degrees'' (1994)

''The Raffle'' (1994)

''Village of the Damned'' (1995)

''Laserhawk'' (1997)

''Hamilton'' (1998)

''Watchers Reborn'' (1998)

''Walking Across Egypt'' (1999)

''Thank You, Good Night'' (2001)

''Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back'' (2001) as Cocknocker / Himself

''Reeseville'' (2003)

''Comic Book: The Movie'' (2004) (also director)

''Repetition'' (2005)

''Minkow'' (2011) as Robert Minkow

''Airborne'' (2011) as Malcom

''Sushi Girl'' (2012) as Crow

''Robotech'' (2012)

''Thelomeris'' (2012) as Stranger

Voice work

''The New Scooby-Doo Movies'' Episode: Mystery of Haunted Island (1973) as Announcer

''Jeannie'' (1973) as Corey Anders

''Wizards'' (1977) Sean

''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' (1984) as the Mayor of Pejite

''Castle in the Sky'' (1986) as Muska (1998 English dub)

''Batman: The Animated Series'' (1992) as The Joker

''Batman: Mask of the Phantasm'' (1993) as The Joker

''Spiderman: The Animated Series'' (1994) as Hobgoblin

''Fantastic Four'' (1994) as Maximus

''Mina and the Count'' (1995) as The Count

''The Incredible Hulk'' as the Gargoyle

''The New Batman Adventures'' (1997) as The Joker

''The Simpsons'' (1998) as Himself and Leavelle one episode

''Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island'' (1998) as Snakebite Scruggs

''Gen¹³'' (1999) as Matthew "Threshold" Callahan

''Wing Commander'' (1999) as Merlin (AI of Christopher Blair's Rapier fighter)

''The New Woody Woodpecker Show'' (1999) as Buzz Buzzard

''Sinbad: Beyond the Veil of Mists'' (2000)

''Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders'' (2000)

''Joseph: King of Dreams'' (2000)

''Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker'' (2000) as The Joker

''Icewind Dale (HOW expansion)'' (2001) as a selectable voiceset

''Time Squad'' (2001) as Larry 3000

''Earth Day'' (2001) (short subject)

''Balto II: Wolf Quest'' (2002)

''Grandia Xtreme'' (2002) as Colonel Kroitz

''Birds of Prey'' (2002) as The Joker

''Codename: Kids Next Door'' (2002) as Captain Stickybeard

''Aero-Troopers: The Nemeclous Crusade'' (2003) as the voice of Older Joshua

''Dark Chronicle (2003) as Griffon

''Family Guy'' (2003) as Luke Skywalker

''The Wrong Coast'' (2003) as Jameson Burkwright

''Stripperella'' (2003) as Dr. Caesarian

''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' (2005) as Fire Lord Ozai and other voices

''Danger Rangers (2005) as Burt

''Robot Chicken'' (2005–present)(voice) as Himself, Harrison Ford, Luke Skywalker, The Joker, Iron Man, other voices

''Krypto the Superdog'' (2005) as Bud

''Thru the Moebius Strip'' (2005)

''Ultimate Avengers 2'' (2006)

''Tom and Jerry: Shiver Me Whiskers'' (2006)

''Robotech: The Shadow Chronicles'' (2006)

''Metalocalypse'' (2006) as Senator Stampingston, Mr. Selatcia, Jean-Pierre and others

''Battle for Terra'' (2007)

''SpongeBob SquarePants'' (2007) Episode 82 as Moth

''Danny Phantom'' (2007) voice of Undergrowth

''My Friends Tigger & Pooh'' (2007)

''Robot Chicken: Star Wars'' (2007)(TV special) as Luke Skywalker

''Futurama: Bender's Big Score'' (2007) (voice) (direct-to-DVD) as the Hanukkah Zombie

''Tasty Time With ZeFronk'' (2008)

''The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon'' (2008) as Malefor

''The Super Hero Squad Show'' (2009) as Red Skull, Chthon, Forge

''Afro Samurai: Resurrection'' (2009) as Bin

''Batman: The Brave and the Bold'' (2010) as The Spectre

''Darksiders'' (2010) as The Watcher

''Dante's Inferno: An Animated Epic'' (2010) as Alighiero

''Generator Rex'' (2010) as Quarry

''Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes'' (2010) as Klaw

''Regular Show'' (2010) as Skips and Additional Voices

''LEGO Hero Factory'' (2010) as Von Nebula/Von Ness

''Zevo-3'' (2010) as Dr. Stankfoot

''Transformers: Prime'' (2011)

''Eric Kaplan's Sketch World'' (2011)

TV shows

''The Partridge Family'' Episode: Old Scrapmouth (1971) as Jerry

''Night Gallery'' Episode: There Aren't Any More McBanes (1972) (messenger boy)

''Petrocelli'' 2 Episodes: The Gamblers (1975) – The Outsiders (1975)

''The Muppet Show'' Himself/Luke Skywalker (1980)

''The Beatles'' MTV guest host (himself) (1987)

''The Flash'' The Trickster (1990)

''3rd Rock from the Sun'' Episode: Fifteen Minutes of Dick (1995) as himself

''The Outer Limits'' Episode: Mind over Matter (1996) (Dr. Sam Stein)

''Space Cases'' (1996)

''Space Ghost Coast to Coast'' (1997) (himself)

''Just Shoot Me!'' Episode: "The List" (1998) (Himself)

''Son of the Beach'' (2000) as a Cult Leader

''Regular Show'' (2010) voices Skips

''The Simpsons'' as himself

''Super Robot Monkey Team Hyper Force GO!'' as Skeleton King

''Chuck'' Season 5 :TBA Villan (2011)

''NTSF:SD:SUV::'' (2011) as Lundgren

Video games

''Gabriel Knight: Sins of the Fathers'' (1993) as Detective Mosely and the Jeep Driver

''Wing Commander III: Heart of the Tiger'' (1994) as Colonel Christopher Blair

''The Adventures of Batman and Robin'' (1994) as The Joker

''Full Throttle'' (1995) as Adrian Ripburger

''Wing Commander IV: The Price of Freedom'' (1995) as Colonel Christopher Blair

''Wing Commander: Prophecy'' (1997) as Commodore Christopher Blair

''Starsiege'' (1999) as Harabec

''Batman Vengeance'' (2001) as The Joker

''Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix'' (2002)

''Crash Bandicoot: The Wrath of Cortex'' (2002) as Py-Ro

''X2: Wolverine's Revenge'' (2003) (voice) Wolverine

''The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon'' (2008) Malefor, The Dark Master

''Crash: Mind over Mutant'' (2008) as the Znu

''Batman: Arkham Asylum'' (2009) as The Joker

''Kingdom Hearts: Birth by Sleep'' as Master Eraqus (2010)

''Darksiders'' (2010) as The Watcher

''Marvel Super Hero Squad: The Infinity Gauntlet'' (2010) as the Red Skull

''DC Universe Online'' (2011) as The Joker

''Batman: Arkham City'' (2011) as The Joker

Short subjects

''Earth Day'' (2001) (voice)

''Baxter and Bananas'' (2002) (voice)

''Burl's'' (2003) (narrator)

''Wolf Tracer's Dinosaur Island'' (2004) (voice)

''Batman: New Times'' (2005) (voice)

Todd Wainio in ''World War Z'' (2006)

Television

''Sarah T. - Portrait of a Teenage Alcoholic'' (1975) (TV film) as Ken Newkirk

References

External links

Mark Hamill at FEARnet

Performance ''Working in the Theatre'' seminar video at American Theatre Wing, April 1987

Category:1951 births Category:Actors from California Category:American comics writers Category:American film actors Category:American soap opera actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American video game actors Category:American voice actors Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:California Democrats Category:Living people Category:Military brats Category:People from Oakland, California Category:Saturn Award winners Category:Interactive Achievement Award winners

ar:مارك هاميل bg:Марк Хамил da:Mark Hamill de:Mark Hamill el:Μαρκ Χάμιλλ es:Mark Hamill fr:Mark Hamill id:Mark Hamill it:Mark Hamill he:מארק המיל hu:Mark Hamill nl:Mark Hamill ja:マーク・ハミル no:Mark Hamill pl:Mark Hamill pt:Mark Hamill ro:Mark Hamill ru:Хэмилл, Марк simple:Mark Hamill sr:Марк Хамил fi:Mark Hamill sv:Mark Hamill tr:Mark Hamill

Loïck Peyron, born 1 December 1959 in Nantes, is a French yachtsman, younger brother of the yachtsman Bruno Peyron.

He is particularly famous for winning many races in the 1990s on board his trimaran ''Fujicolor''. He won the ORMA Championship four times in 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2002.

After Benjamin de Rothschild gave him control of the Gitana Team in April 2006, the team built ''Gitana Eighty'', a 60 feet monohull, launched in July 2007 with which Loick Peyron won the Transat. On 9 December 2008, he began his participation in the 2008-2009 Vendée Globe with ''Gitana Eighty''. After having led the race for 16 days, ''Gitana Eighty'''s mast broke.

In 2010, Peyron sailed in the 33rd America's Cup as part of the Alinghi Team, in the roles of 'floater' in race 1 and relief helmsman in race 2. Alinghi were defeated by the American challenger BMW Oracle Racing. He is currently leading the fleet in the Bacelona World Race together with Jean-Pierre Dick on board Virbac-Paprec 3.

Achievements

2011

* Round the British Isles outright record on Banque Populaire V in 3 days, 3 hours and 49 minutes

* Record SNSM : Winner on the multihull Banque Populaire V

* Barcelona World Race : Winner on Virbac-Paprec 3 with Jean-Pierre Dick

2009

* Challenge Julius Baer : Winner on ''Okalys'' (D35)

2008

* Record SNSM : Winner on the monohull ''Gitana Eighty''

the Artemis Transat : Winner on ''Gitana Eighty''.

* Spi Ouest France : Winner on Domaine du Mont d'Arbois.

2007

* Transat Ecover BtoB : Winner on the monohull ''Gitana Eighty''

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 8th on ''Gitana Eighty'' with Jean-Baptiste Levaillant

* Bol d'Or du Léman : Winner on ''Okalys'' (D35)

2006

* Challenge Julius Baer : Winner on ''Okalys'' (D35)

2005

* Bol d'Or du Léman : Winner on ''Okalys'' (D35)

* Challenge Julius Baer : Winner on ''Okalys'' (D35)

* Transat Jacques Vabre : Winner together with Jean-Pierre Dick on the monohull ''Virbac-Paprec''

* Route des Iles à la voile : Winner with Dimitri Deruelle

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

2003

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 2nd with Jean-Luc Nélias on ''Belgacom''

* Solitaire du Figaro : 6th

2002

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

2001

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 3rd on trimaran ''Fujifilm''

* The Race : 2nd on catamaran Innovation Explorer

1999

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 1st on the trimaran ''Fujicolor II'', with Franck Proffit

* Course de l'Europe : 1st on trimaran ''Fujicolor II''

1998

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

* Route du Rhum : 5th on ''Fujicolor II''

* Course de Phares : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

1997

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

* Course de l'Europe : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 3rd on ''Fujicolor II''

1996

* The Europe 1 Star (Transat) : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

* Transat Québec-Saint-Malo : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Grand prix de Fécamp : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

1995

* Trophée Clairefontaine : Winner

* Course de l'Europe : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Grand prix de Fécamp : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Grand prix de Saint Nazaire : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

1994

* Trophée des Multicoques : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Twostar : 2nd on ''Fujicolor II''

1993

* Trophée des Multicoques : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

* Transat Jacques Vabre : 3rd monohull on ''Fujicolor II''

* Course de l'Europe : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

1992

* The Europe 1 Star (Transat) : Winner on ''Fujicolor II''

1990

* Vendée Globe : 2nd on ''Lada Poch III''

1989

* Lorient Saint Bathélemy Lorient : Winner in the monohull category.

1988

* Transat Québec-Saint-Malo : 2nd on ''Lada Poch II''

* The CSTAR (Transat) : 3rd on ''Lada Poch II''

1987

* La Baule-Dakar : Winner on ''Lada Poch II'' with Jacques Delorme

* GP de Boulogne (Formule 40) : 4th on ''Lada Poch''

1986

* Route du Rhum : 5th on ''Lada Poch I''

* Solitaire du Figaro : 4th on ''Lada Poch''

1985

* Course de l'Europe : Winner on ''Lada Poch I'' (Class III)

1984

* Transat Québec-Saint-Malo : 5th, teammate of Mike Birch, on the catamaran ''Formule Tag''

1983

* La Baule-Dakar : 4th on ''Lada Poch I''

* Lorient — Les Bermudes — Lorient : 5th on Transat TAG Québec

1982

* Route du Rhum : 17th on La Baule-Teletota

* La Rochelle - New-Orleans : 9th with Bruno Peyron on ''Jaz''

1981

* La Baule-Dakar : 21st on ''Acoustique HRC''

1980

* Solitaire du Figaro : Winner of the 4th stage

1979

* Mini Transat : 26th on ''Sogeport-Alcor''

References

External links

Loïck Peyron's official website

Category:French yacht racers Category:Single-handed sailors Category:1959 births Category:Living people Category:America's Cup sailors

de:Loïck Peyron fr:Loïck Peyron

name	Mary McDonnell
birth name	Mary Eileen McDonnell
birth date	April 28, 1952
birth place	Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, U.S.
spouse	Randle Mell (1984?–present; 2 children)
years active	1970s–present }}

Mary Eileen McDonnell (born April 28, 1952) is an American film, stage, and television actress. She received an Academy Award nomination for her role as Stands With A Fist in ''Dances with Wolves'', and she is also very well known for her performance as President Laura Roslin in ''Battlestar Galactica'', the President's wife in ''Independence Day'', and for her starring role in ''Donnie Darko'' as the title character's mother.

Personal life

McDonnell was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and raised in Ithaca, New York. After graduating from the State University of New York at Fredonia, she attended drama school and joined the East Coast's prestigious Long Wharf Theatre Company, with which she worked for over 20 years. McDonnell is married to Randle Mell, who is also an actor. They have two children, Olivia and Michael. In a question and answer session for SyFy regarding her role as Laura Roslin, she was asked if any of her character's political views caused her any discomfort because of her own views. She stated that several of the things her character did in Season Three of Battlestar Galactica "(ran) deeply against being a liberal progressive" and that portraying those views sometimes caused her "a bit of angst in having to commit to them."

Career

She won an Obie in 1980 for her work in the play ''Still Life''. On Broadway, she has performed in productions of ''Execution of Justice'', ''The Heidi Chronicles'', and ''Summer and Smoke''.

After more than 21 years of theater and television work, McDonnell made her film breakthrough in 1990 as Stands With A Fist, a European American raised by Sioux Indians, in Kevin Costner's ''Dances with Wolves''. Portraying the adopted daughter of Graham Greene's character Kicking Bird, McDonnell, then 37, was actually two months older than Greene and less than two years younger than Tantoo Cardinal, who played Black Shawl, her adoptive mother. McDonnell was extremely nervous about shooting her sex scene with Kevin Costner, requesting it to be toned down from what was scripted.

She received a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the role. McDonnell's role in ''Passion Fish'' (1992) brought her another Academy Award nomination, this time for Best Actress in a Leading Role.

Her other notable films include ''Grand Canyon'' (1991), ''Sneakers'' (1992), ''Independence Day'' (1996), and ''Donnie Darko'' (2001). McDonnell also starred with Patrick Swayze in the 1988 movie, ''Tiger Warsaw''. In 1997 she played the judge in the film ''12 Angry Men''. The film also featured future ''Battlestar Galactica'' cast mate Edward James Olmos.

On television, McDonnell had her first regular role in 1980 on the soap opera ''As the World Turns''. She starred in 1984 on the short-lived medical comedy ''E/R'', alongside Elliott Gould and George Clooney. Coincidentally, she guest-starred in 2001 on the NBC medical series of the same name, ''ER'', which also featured Clooney. She was nominated for an Emmy Award for her role on the show as Eleanor Carter, the mother of Dr. John Carter played by Noah Wyle, who also had a role in ''Donnie Darko''. She plays Dr. Virginia Dixon, a surgeon with Asperger syndrome for three episodes of ''Grey's Anatomy'' in 2008 and 2009.

In 2003, McDonnell starred in the mini-series '' Battlestar Galactica'' as Laura Roslin. The mini-series led to the subsequent weekly series, with McDonnell reprising her Laura Roslin role. The series ended in March 2009. McDonnell received worldwide recognition for her performance in the show, part of which was shown when she was invited to the United Nations for a retrospective and discussion with Edward James Olmos (Admiral Adama).

McDonnell guest-stars as Capt. Sharon Raydor, a police captain in the Force Investigation Division, who butts heads with Kyra Sedgwick's Golden Globe and Emmy-awarded character, in the fifth and sixth seasons of TNT's ''The Closer''. She received an Emmy nomination in 2011 for her role in ''The Closer'' for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series She also has a recurring role in ''The Closer'' in 2010, and has since agreed to assume the character as the star of the upcoming spin-off, ''Major Crimes'', which will debut sometime after ''The Closer'' wraps up its final season in the summer of 2012. McDonnell took part in a special session entitled ''Battlestar Galactica'' at the 2009 World Science Festival. The session also included Michael Hogan, as well as scientists Nick Bostrom and Kevin Warwick. In 2011, she appeared briefly in the role of Kate Roberts, the mother of Emma Roberts's character in ''Scream 4''.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1980	''As the World Turns''	Claudia Colfax
1984	''Garbo Talks''	Lady Capulet
1984-1985	''E/R''	Dr. Eve Sheridan	20 episodes
1987	''Matewan''	Elma Radnor
1988	''Tiger Warsaw''	Paula Warsaw
1990	''Dances with Wolves''	Stands With A Fist	Nominated — Academy Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture
1991		Claire
	''Passion Fish''	May-Alice Culhane	Nominated — Academy Award for Best ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama
	Liz
1994	''Blue Chips''	Jenny Bell
1995-1996		Dorothy 'Dott' Emerson	13 episodes
		First Lady Marilyn Whitmore
''Mariette in Ecstasy''	Prioress
1997	''Woman Undone''	Terri Hansen
1998	''You Can Thank Me Later''	Diane
	''Replacing Dad''	Linda Marsh	Television film
	Althea Brockett
2001 - 2002		Eleanor Carter	5 episodes, Nominated — Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series (2002)
2001	''Donnie Darko''	Rose Darko
2002		Helen Staples	Television film
2003		Margaret Langworthy
2004		Amy Banks
2004-2009		President Laura Roslin	73 episodes,			Won Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television (2009)
2005	''Mrs. Harris''	Vivian Schulte	Television film
2008-2009	''Grey's Anatomy''	Dr. Virginia Dixon	3 episodes
	''Killer Hair''	Rose	Television film
''Hostile Makeover''	Rose Smithsonian	Television film
	''Scream 4''	Kate Roberts
''Margin Call''	Mary Rogers
''Jimmy Nolan''	Beverly Miller	(pre-production)
2009-–present	''The Closer''		Pending — Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series (2011)
2012	''Major Crimes''

References

External links

Mary McDonnell at Battlestar Wiki

Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Actors from New York Category:People from Ithaca, New York Category:People from Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania Category:State University of New York at Fredonia alumni Category:1952 births Category:Living people

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