Coordinates	57°32′″N38°20′″N
name	Getty Images
logo
type	Private
genre	Stock photography
predecessor	Getty Communications, PhotoDisc
founder	Mark Getty, Jonathan Klein
location city	Seattle, Washington
location country	USA
industry	Publishing, media, web design
products	Digital images, audio, video
services	Rights-managed and royalty-free images, audio and video
owner	Hellman & Friedman
subsid	PhotoDisc, Tony Stone, Hulton Getty, Jupiterimages
homepage	gettyimages.com
intl	}}

Getty Images, Inc. is a stock photo agency, based in Seattle, Washington, USA. It is a supplier of stock images for business and consumers with an archive of 80 million still images and illustrations and more than 50,000 hours of stock film footage. It targets three markets—creative professionals (advertising and graphic design), the media (print and online publishing), and corporate (in-house design, marketing and communication departments).

Getty has distribution offices around the world and capitalizes on the Internet and CD-ROM collections for distribution. As Getty has acquired other older photo agencies and archives, it has digitised their collections, enabling online distribution. Getty Images now operates a large commercial website which allows clients to search and browse for images, purchase usage rights and download images. Costs of images vary according to the chosen resolution and type of rights associated with each image. The company also offers custom photo services for corporate clients.

History

In 1993, Mark Getty and Chief Executive Officer Jonathan Klein co-founded Getty Investments LLC. Mark Getty is the company's chairman.

In September 1997, Getty Communications, as it was called at the time, merged with PhotoDisc, Inc. to form Getty Images.

In April 2003 Getty Images entered into a partnership with Agence France-Presse (AFP) to market each other's images.

Getty Images acquired the Michael Ochs Archives in February 2007. The Michael Ochs Archives were described by ''The New York Times'' as "the premier source of musician photography in the world".

In 2008, the private equity firm Hellman & Friedman acquired Getty Images.

In 2009, Flickr announced a partnership with Getty Images in which specially selected users could submit photographs for stock photography usage and receive payment. In 2010 this was changed so that users could label images as suitable for stock use themselves.

Acquisitions

Since its formation, Getty Images has pursued an aggressive programme of acquisition, buying up many privately owned agencies that had built up the stock photography industry, from small family-run firms to larger agencies. By 1999 it had acquired one of the largest agencies, Tony Stone Images; the online art seller Art.com; the sports photography agency Allsport; the journalistic specialists Liaison Agency; Newsmakers the first digital news photo agency; Online USA, a specialist in celebrity shots; and the Hulton Picture Library, the former archive of the British photojournalistic magazine ''Picture Post''. The Hulton collection was sold by the BBC to Brian Deutsch in 1988, when it was renamed Hulton Deutsch. In 1996, the Hulton collection was sold on once more, this time purchased by Getty Images and renamed Hulton Getty. With the acquisition of the Hulton library, Getty Images took ownership of the rights to some 15 million photographs from the British press archives dating back to the Nineteenth Century. Hulton Getty also included photographs from the Keystone Collection, as well as images by notable photogaphers such as Bert Hardy, Bill Brandt, Weegee and Ernst Haas.

Getty also branched out into stock audio and video with the acquisition of EyeWire and Energy Film Library.

In 2000, Getty acquired one of its main competitors, Archive Photos of New York (a division of The Image Bank), for US$183 million. The Archive Photos library was combined with the Hulton Getty collection to form a new subsidiary, Hulton Archive. Archive Photos had been formed in 1990 from the merger of Pictorial Parade (est. 1935) and Frederick Lewis Stock Photos (est. 1938), two well-established US photo agencies. Their collections included archive images from ''The New York Times'', ''Metronome'' and George Eastman House, and works by photographers such as Ruth Orkin, Deborah Feingold, Murray Garrett, Nat Fein and John Filo.

Further acquisitions followed, with the purchase in 2004 of image.net for $20 million USD. On February 9, 2006, the microstock photo website iStockphoto was acquired by Getty Images for $50 million USD. In 2007, Getty successfully purchased its largest competitor, MediaVast, for $207 million. The acquisition meant that Getty Images gained control of WireImage (Entertainment, creative, and sports photography), FilmMagic (fashion and red carpet photography), Contour Photos (portrait and studio photography). Getty Images also acquired a host of other subsidiaries including "Master Delegates" who include: Gallo Images in Johannesburg, Touchline Photo in Cape Town, Isifa Image Service in Prague, Laura Ronchi in Italy

On October 23, 2008, Getty Images announced their intention to buy Jupitermedia's online images division, Jupiterimages, for $96 million in cash. The sale went ahead in February 2009; Jupiterimages (including the sites stock.xchng and StockXpert) is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Getty, while Jupitermedia, now trading as WebMediaBrands, continues its internet publishing business which was not sold to Getty Images.

In December 2008, it was announced that Getty Images was acquiring Redferns Music Picture Library, the London-based music photography collection.

Sale of company

In February 2008 it was announced that Getty Images would be acquired by Hellman & Friedman in a transaction valued at an estimated US$2.4 billion.

On July 2, 2008, Getty Images announced the completion of its acquisition by the private equity firm Hellman & Friedman. Getty Images common stock ceased trading on the New York Stock Exchange at the close of the acquisition and was delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.

Controversial practices to enforce copyright

Getty Images has caused controversy for its aggressive pursuit of copyright enforcement on behalf of its photographers. Rather than pursue a policy of sending out "cease and desist" notices, Getty typically mails out a letter claiming substantial sums of damages to owners of websites which it believes are using their images in infringement of their photographers copyright. In one case, a church in Lichfield, Staffordshire, was faced with a £6,000 bill for photographs used on its website, apparently placed there by a church volunteer. However, Getty rarely if ever issues court proceedings, instead relying on debt collection agencies to enforce its claims.

References

External links

Getty Images Retrieved September 2011

Category:Stock photography Category:Photo archives Category:Companies based in Seattle, Washington Category:Companies established in 1993 Category:Private equity portfolio companies Category:Companies delisted from the New York Stock Exchange Category:Getty family

bn:গেটি ইমেজেস de:Getty Images fr:Getty Images it:Getty Images he:גטי אימג'ס ja:ゲッティイメージズ no:Getty Images pt:Getty Images ru:Getty Images

John J. Medina is a developmental molecular biologist with special research interests in the isolation and characterization of genes involved in human brain development and the genetics of psychiatric disorders. Medina has spent most of his professional life as a private research consultant, working primarily in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries on research issues related to mental health.

He was founding director of the Talaris Research Institute, which supports researchers such as Patricia Kuhl and John Gottman. He directed Talaris until 2006, and now is the director of the Brain Center for Applied Learning Research at Seattle Pacific University, which has worked on creating learning environments at Woodland Park Zoo. He is also an affiliate professor of Bioengineering at the University of Washington School of Medicine.

Dr. Medina writes the "Molecules of the Mind" column for the ''Psychiatric Times''.

Education

Dr. Medina earned his doctorate in molecular biology from Washington State University and is a national faculty fellow of Continuing Medical Education, Inc., of Irvine, CA. In 2004, he was appointed to the rank of affiliate scholar at the National Academy of Engineering.

Books

''Brain Rules'', about which Dr. Medina was recorded speaking at Google's Mountain View headquarters as part of the Authors@Google program on April 8, 2008.

''The Outer Limits of Life''

''Depression: How it happens, How it's healed''

''What You Need to Know About Alzheimer's''

''The Clock of Ages''

''The Genetic Inferno: Inside the Seven Deadly Sins''

''Uncovering the Mystery of AIDS''

''Of Serotonin, Dopamine and Antipsychotic Medications''

Notes

External links

http://www.johnmedina.com

http://www.brainrules.net

Category:Living people Category:University of Washington faculty Category:Seattle Pacific University people

sv:John Medina

Coordinates	57°32′″N38°20′″N
birth date	March 02, 1981
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
occupation	Actress
years active	1989–present
spouse	Seth Gabel (m. 2006–present; 2 children)
homepage	}}

Bryce Dallas Howard (born March 2, 1981) is an American film actress and daughter of director Ron Howard. She made her acting debut in her father's 1989 movie ''Parenthood'' and went on to have small roles in films and make stage appearances for the next several years. During this time she also attended New York University's (NYU) Tisch School of the Arts, later getting a BFA, and went to drama schools. After gaining the attention of M. Night Shyamalan, he cast her in what would be her breakout film, ''The Village'' (2004), and 2006's ''Lady in the Water'', which was a commercial and critical failure. Her performance in ''As You Like It'' (2006) earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination in 2008.

Howard became more recognizable to audiences as Gwen Stacy in 2007's ''Spider-Man 3'' and ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse'' (2010), playing Victoria, a villainous vampire seeking revenge. Those two projects, as well as the 2009 ''Terminator Salvation'' release, are among her most financially successful movies, but all three garnered mixed reviews from the press. She also starred in '' The Help'', alongside Emma Stone and Viola Davis. The film became a critical and box office success.

Early life

Conceived in Dallas, Texasthe source of her middle nameHoward was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of writer Cheryl Alley and actor-director Ron Howard, on March 2, 1981. Her paternal grandparents are actors Rance Howard and the late Jean Speegle Howard; her uncle is actor Clint Howard; and her godfather is actor Henry Winkler, who co-starred on ''Happy Days'' with her father. Howard and her younger sisters, twins Jocelyn Carlyle Howard and Paige Carlyle Howard (born 1985), and their younger brother, Reed Cross Howard (born 1987), were named after the places they were conceived. All of the Howard children were raised away from the world of show business. Their parents did not allow them access to television and instead encouraged outdoor activities and hobbies. At the age of 7, however, she was allowed to be an extra in her father's movies. In an appearance on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'', Howard mentioned that she and her siblings were babysat by family friend Tom Cruise on several occasions. She was raised in Westchester, New York and on a farm in Greenwich, Connecticut.

Howard attended Stagedoor Manor, a performing arts camp in upstate New York, with actress Natalie Portman. After graduating from high school, she studied at New York University's (NYU) Tisch School of the Arts for three years, during which time she also attended the Stella Adler Conservatory, The Experimental Wing, and International Theatre Wing in Amsterdam. During her schooling, she took part in the concept recording of the Broadway-bound musical ''A Tale of Two Cities''. She graduated with her BFA in Drama in 2003. Howard is also an alumna of the Steppenwolf Theatre Company's School at Steppenwolf in Chicago, and of The Actors Center in New York City. During her time in New York, Howard was also a member of downtown theater company Theater Mitu, in residence at New York Theatre Workshop, who are known for their exploration of theatrical forms. When she had applied to drama schools she dropped her last name to avoid special treatment because of her father. She later had second thoughts because her first and middle name combined made her sound like a porn star.

Career

1995 2006

Howard made her acting debut as an uncredited extra in her father's 1989 comedy-drama feature ''Parenthood''. She was also an extra in her father's critically lauded ''Apollo 13'' (1995) and the 2000 holiday live action Universal Studios production ''How the Grinch Stole Christmas''. While on her dad's film sets, she would often socialize with the crew rather than the actors. For the next several years, Howard appeared in New York plays. Among these were ''House and Garden'', a 2002 Alan Ayckbourn production held at the Manhattan Theatre Club, in which she portrayed a disdainful, flirtatious teen. While performing as Rosalind in the critically acclaimed 2003 William Shakespeare comedy production ''As You Like It'', Howard caught the eye of director M. Night Shyamalan. Howard was not familiar with the play and was cast just one day before it started. She then starred in the Alan Brown-directed 2004 drama ''Book of Love'', about a young woman having an affair with a lonely teenage boy, destroying her marriage. It was generally ignored by critics and movie goers alike.

Her breakthrough role came in Shyamalan's fantasy thriller ''The Village'' (2004). When Kirsten Dunst could not commit to the schedule, Howard was cast without having to audition two weeks after Shyamalan first saw her onstage. Its story is about a "turn-of-the-20th-century" village whose residents live in fear of the creatures inhabiting the woods beyond it. She plays the female lead, the chief's blind daughter and love interest to Joaquin Phoenix's part. Her performance was applauded by critics and Howard was nominated for several awards, mostly in the category of "Best Breakthrough Performance". ''The Village'' did well commercially, but had a mixed reception. Following that, Howard was cast by Lars Von Trier to replace Nicole Kidman as Grace Mulligan in ''Manderlay'', the 2005 sequel to ''Dogville'' (2003). Set in a plantation, the director said that it is "quite clear" his movie can be seen as an allusion to President George W. Bush's efforts to impose democracy in Iraq. ''Manderlay'' was a box office bomb, making only $674,000 of its $14.2 million production budget.

Howard reunited with Shyamalan for ''Lady in the Water'', in which she acts as Story, a type of water nymph called a narf. Howard wore minimal clothing for the part. The 2006 fantasy film release also stars Paul Giamatti as the co-lead. Shyamalan's project follows the story of Giamatti's character rescuing what he thinks is a young woman (Howard) from his pool. Once he discovers that she is actually a character from a bedtime story who is trying to get back home, he teams up with his tenants to protect her from creatures that try to keep her in their world. It underperformed at the box office, falling short of its $75 million budget, and got largely critical reviews. When asked about what message she hoped viewers would get from the film, Howard said "I would say it's very simple - it's that if you have faith, all that is meant to be will happen." Next, she once again played Rosalind in Kenneth Branagh's 2006 film version of Shakespeare's ''As You Like It''. It played in theatres in Europe before going directly to cable in the United States, premiering on HBO. Howard was nominated for a Golden Globe Award at the 2008 ceremony. The project got soundly negative reviews from the British media, while American reviewers gave it more favorable notice. Writing in ''USA Today'', Robert Bianco observed: "As Rosalind, the show's leading lady, Bryce Dallas Howard is a bit uncontrolled, particularly compared with such more precise co-stars as Alfred Molina, David Oyelowo and Brian Blessed. But she's incredibly appealing, and that in itself sells the love story."

2007 present

In 2007, Howard starred in her first blockbuster, ''Spider-Man 3'', a superhero movie, starring opposite Tobey Macguire and Kirsten Dunst. Adapted from the Marvel Comics and the last film Sam Raimi directed for the series, Howard played Peter Parker's classmate Gwen Stacy, a fan favorite. A challenge that came with playing Gwen was reminding fans of the good-intentioned character who was Peter's first love in the comics, yet came off as "the other woman" in the movie. Howard dyed her naturally red hair blonde for the role and performed many of her own stunts, unaware that she was several months pregnant. Grossing $890 million, it is her most profitable movie and the highest grossing in the trilogy. The same year she wrote and directed a short film, ''Orchids'', as part of ''Glamour'' magazine's "Reel Moments" series funded by Cartier and FilmAid International. ''Terminator Salvation'', a high-budgeted 2009 science fiction movie, was her next project. Cast in June 2008, she superseded Charlotte Gainsbourg as Kate Connor. Howard was already a fan of the series. Set in 2018, the film follows a group of survivors led by John Connor struggle to prevent the machines from destroying all humanity. It grossed a total of $370 million, but was not well received, with one critic calling it "a shambolic, deafening, intelligence-insulting mess, a crushing failure on almost all counts." Howard replaced Lindsay Lohan as the lead character in ''The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond'' (2009). Based on a 1957 screenplay by Tennessee Williams, it did not play at many theaters.

A big career point for Howard was playing the role of Victoria, a vampire seeking revenge, in the ''Twilight'' series' third installment ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''. The film is a romantic vampire film from Summit Entertainment that is based on the book by Stephenie Meyer. She landed the part after Rachelle Lefevre dropped out from a scheduling conflict in July 2009. Howard had already been a huge fan of the books and considered Victoria to be an "incredible character". ''Eclipse'' was directed by David Slade and filming started in August 2009. Released to theaters on June 30, it set a new record for the biggest midnight opening domestically in box office history, making around $30 million in over 4,000 theaters and topped the weekend box office with $64 million in ticket sales. In total, ''Eclipse'' made nearly $700 million. Reviews from the media were polarized, but critics did take a liking to Howard in her role.

In December 2009, Howard was cast in Clint Eastwood's ''Hereafter'' (2010), as a burgeoning love interest of Matt Damon's character. When Howard first read the script to ''Hereafter'', she was hooked on it, having been attracted to its central character (Damon)a reclusive man with the ability to speak to the deceased. "It's personal for me because a lot of my family members actually have that ability. It's kind of wild," Howard said. In early January 2011, Howard became the first celebrity ambassador for purse designer Kate Spade. Her first film of 2011 was ''The Help'', a movie adaption of Kathryn Stockett's 2009 best-selling novel of the same name; it also starred Emma Stone, Viola Davis, Octavia Spencer, and Jessica Chastain. It focused on African-American servants and their wealthy white employers in Mississippi prior to the civil rights era. Howard has teamed up with her father to help produce Gus Van Sant's ''Restless'', a dark coming of age movie about a teenage boy and girl who are engrossed with death. She had a supporting role opposite Seth Rogen in the cancer dramedy ''50/50'', which was based on a true story. "It’s viewing that experience through a very truthful lens of humour", she stated of ''50/50'''s take on its heavy subject matter. Both films had September releases. In 2011, she announced that she would be directing a film called ''The Original''. She co-wrote the screenplay with her brother-in-law Dane Charbonneau and described it as "a ''Breakfast Club'' for my generation". This would mark her directorial debut.

Personal life

On June 17, 2006, Howard married fellow actor Seth Gabel, with whom she now lives in Hollywood, California. The two met at New York University and dated for five years. She had only one previous boyfriend and claims to have pursued Gabel vigorously after first meeting him. They had planned to start a family together in their 30s. However, seven days after their wedding, she learned that she was expecting their first child. Howard gave birth to their child, a son named Theodore Norman Howard Gabel, nicknamed Theo, on February 16, 2007. Theo's godfather is actor Josh Gad. Howard later admitted to suffering from post-partum depression. Howard had difficulty breast-feeding, which she found to be more painful than experiencing natural child birth and would often cry in the shower. Rather than refer to her son by his name, she would call him "it". Feeling overwhelmed and unable to make decisions, Howard also felt not only disconnected from her husband and baby, but herself as well. With the combination of homeopathic treatments and sessions with a physician and a therapist, she overcame the depression, which lasted for about 18 months. Howard said of the depression in 2010,

"Do I wish I had never endured post-partum depression? Absolutely. But to deny the experience is to deny who I am. I still mourn the loss of what could have been, but I also feel deep gratitude for those who stood by me, for the lesson that we must never be afraid to ask for help, and for the feeling of summer that still remains."

Howard gave birth to the couple's second child, daughter Beatrice Jean Howard-Gabel, on January 19, 2012.

Howard became a devoted vegan when Joaquin Phoenix, a co-star in ''The Village'', showed her a documentary on animal cruelty called ''Earthlings''. However, in August 2006, Howard announced that she had switched her diet from vegan to vegetarian in order to help boost her amino acid levels in preparation for her pregnancy. Due to a rare medical condition she developed after her pregnancy, she now eats meat. She is also slightly superstitious.

During her senior year of high school, Howard learned of and fell in love with existentialism. "I was like, 'This is it! This is my religion.' I had never felt a connection to any sort of spirituality before that. It was very basic - you're responsible for the choices that you make - but it was mind-blowing at the time." Her hobby is writing and she is good friends with Kirsten Dunst, Natalie Portman and Jake Gyllenhaal. Howard has said that she gets "freaked out" by "the Hollywood scene" and has never had a sip of alcohol in her entire life. She credits seeing the negative effects of alcoholism in her family as the reason behind the decision. "When I was in high school, I would never go to parties because I would be embarrassed to say no. Consequently, I had almost no social group," Howard recalled.

Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1989		Redheaded Girl in Audience	Extra
1995			Extra
2000		Surprised Who	Extra
2004		Heather
2004	''''	Ivy Elizabeth Walker
2005	''Manderlay''	Grace Margaret Mulligan
2006		Rosalind	Television film
2006	''Lady in the Water''	Story
2007	''Spider-Man 3''	Gwen Stacy
2008	''Good Dick''	Kissing Woman	Cameo
2009	''Terminator Salvation''
2009	''''	Fisher Willow
2010	''''
2010		Melanie
2011	''''	Hilly Holbrook
2011		Rachael

Awards and nominations

Year	Award	Category	Film	Result
2005	Online Film Critics Society Awards	Best Breakthrough Performance	rowspan=5
2005	Empire Award	Best Actress
2005	Empire Award	Best Newcomer
2005	MTV Movie Award
2005	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Scary Scene
2008	Golden Globe Awards
2010	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress: Action Adventure	''Terminator Salvation''
2011	MTV Movie Awards		''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''
	2012	NAACP Image Awards

References

External links

Category:1981 births Category:Actors from California Category:Actors from Connecticut Category:American film actors Category:American child actors Category:American film directors Category:American screenwriters Category:Female film directors Category:Living people Category:New York University alumni Category:People from Greenwich, Connecticut Category:People from Los Angeles, California Category:People from Westchester County, New York Category:Shakespearean actors Category:Women screenwriters

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