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Freddie King
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African-American
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Albert King
Albert King (April 25, 1923 – December 21, 1992) was an American blues guitarist and singer.
http://wn.com/Albert_King -
Ann Richards
Dorothy Ann Willis Richards (September 1, 1933 – September 13, 2006) was an American politician from Texas. She first came to national attention as the state treasurer of Texas, when she delivered the keynote address at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Richards served as the 45th Governor of Texas from 1991 to 1995 and was defeated for re-election in 1994 by George W. Bush.
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B.B King
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B.B. King
Riley B. King (born September 16, 1925), known by the stage name B.B. King, is an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter acclaimed for his expressive singing and guitar playing.
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Bob Wills
James Robert Wills (March 6, 1905 – May 13, 1975), better known as Bob Wills, was an American Western swing musician, songwriter, and bandleader, considered by many music authorities one of the fathers of Western swing and called the King of Western Swing by his fans.
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Buddy Holly
'''Charles Hardin Holley
http://wn.com/Buddy_Holly -
Carl Radle
Carl Dean Radle (June 18, 1942 – May 30, 1980) was a bass guitarist who toured and recorded with several of the most influential recording artists of the late 1960s and 1970s. Radle's first success, though, was as a member of Gary Lewis & the Playboys in 1965. Ultimately, he was best known for his long association with Eric Clapton, starting in 1969 with Delaney and Bonnie and Friends and 1970 with Derek and the Dominos, recording alongside drummer Jim Gordon, guitarist Duane Allman, and keyboardist Bobby Whitlock. In 1970 he took part in Joe Cocker's famous Mad Dogs and Englishmen tour. He worked on all of Clapton's solo projects from 1970 until 1979 and was a member of Clapton's touring band Eric Clapton & His Band from 1974 through 1979. Radle was instrumental in facilitating Clapton's return to recording and touring in 1974. During Clapton's three-year hiatus, Radle furnished him with a supply of tapes of Okie musicians with whom he'd been working. Dick Sims and Jamie Oldaker were musicians who became the core of Clapton's '70s band. Radle served as more than a hired bass player. He also acted as arranger on several songs, most notably "Motherless Children." Radle earned an associate producer's credit on No Reason to Cry.
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Chicken Shack
Chicken Shack are a British blues band, founded in the late 1960s by Andy Silvester (bass guitar) and Stan Webb (guitar and vocals), with Alan Morley (drums) and later in 1968 joined by Christine Perfect (vocals and keyboards),
http://wn.com/Chicken_Shack -
Don Nix
Don Nix (born September 27, 1941, Memphis, Tennessee) is a songwriter, composer, arranger, musician, and author. Although cited as being "obscure", he is a key figure in several genres of Southern rock and Soul, R&B;, and the Blues. He was instrumental in the creation of the trademark "Memphis soul" and Stax Records.
http://wn.com/Don_Nix -
Eric Clapton
Eric Patrick Clapton, CBE (born 30 March 1945) is an English blues-rock guitarist and singer-songwriter. Clapton is the only person who has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame three times; as a solo performer, as well as a member of rock bands the Yardbirds and Cream. Throughout his career, Clapton has been viewed by critics and fans alike as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time, Clapton was ranked fourth in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" and #53 on their list of the "Immortals: 100 Greatest Artists of All Time". In 2010, Clapton was ranked #4 on ''Gibson's'' Top 50 Guitarists of All Time.
http://wn.com/Eric_Clapton -
George Terry
George Terry is an American blues rock and rock and roll guitarist most known for his live and studio work with Eric Clapton during the 1970s and studio work with a long list of artists. Prior to joining Clapton's band, George was already a well-known South Florida guitarist and session musician and had played with several notable bands including "GAME" who released two albums in 1970 and 1971. George was the featured lead guitarist, bassist, and writer of several tunes on both.
http://wn.com/George_Terry -
Hound Dog Taylor
Theodore Roosevelt "Hound Dog" Taylor (April 12, 1915 - December 17, 1975) was an American blues guitarist and singer.
http://wn.com/Hound_Dog_Taylor -
Jackie Wilson
Jack Leroy "Jackie" Wilson, Jr. (June 9, 1934 – January 21, 1984) was an American singer and performer. Known as "Mr. Excitement", Wilson was important in the transition of rhythm and blues into soul. He was known as a master showman, and as one of the most dynamic singers and performers in R&B; and rock history. Gaining fame in his early years as a member of the R&B; vocal group Billy Ward and His Dominoes, he went solo in 1957 and recorded over 50 hit singles that spanned R&B;, pop, soul, doo-wop and easy listening. During a 1975 benefit concert, he collapsed on-stage from a heart attack and subsequently fell into a coma that persisted for nearly nine years until his death in 1984. By this time, he had become one of the most influential artists of his generation.
http://wn.com/Jackie_Wilson -
James Brown
James Joseph Brown, Jr. (May 3, 1933 – December 25, 2006) was an American singer and entertainer. Eventually referred to as "The Godfather of Soul", Brown started singing in church groups and worked his way up. He has been recognized as one of the most influential figures in the 20th century popular music and was renowned for his vocals and feverish dancing. He was also called "the hardest working man in show business".cite news| url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/25/AR2006122500049.html | work=The Washington Post | title=Hardworking Godfather of Soul | first=
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Jamie Oldaker
James (Jamie) Oldaker is an American rock music, blues rock and country music drummer and percussionist. He was born September 5, 1951 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He is an exponent of the shuffle style.
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Jimmie Vaughan
James Lawrence "Jimmie" Vaughan (born March 20, 1951) is an American blues guitarist and singer from Dallas, Texas. He is the older brother of the late Stevie Ray Vaughan.
http://wn.com/Jimmie_Vaughan -
Jimmy McCracklin
Jimmy McCracklin (born August 13, 1921, St. Louis, Missouri) is an American pianist, vocalist, and songwriter. His style contains West Coast blues, Jump blues, and R&B.; Over a career that has spanned seven decades, he says he has written almost a thousand songs and has recorded hundreds of them. McCracklin has recorded over 30 albums, and owns four gold records.
http://wn.com/Jimmy_McCracklin -
Jimmy Rogers
:For other uses, see: James Rogers (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Jimmy_Rogers -
King Curtis
Curtis Ousley (February 7, 1934 – August 13, 1971), who performed under the stage name King Curtis, was an American saxophone virtuoso known for rhythm and blues, rock and roll, soul, funk and soul jazz. Variously a band leader, band member, and session musician, he was also a musical director and record producer. Adept at tenor, alto, and soprano saxophone, he was best known for his distinctive riffs and solos such as on "Yakety Yak", which later became the inspiration for Boots Randolph's "Yakety Sax" and his own "Memphis Soul Stew".
http://wn.com/King_Curtis -
Leon Russell
Claude Russell Bridges (born April 2, 1942; Lawton, Oklahoma), known professionally as Leon Russell, is an American singer-songwriter, pianist, and guitarist.
http://wn.com/Leon_Russell -
Little Walter
:For the radio personality, see Little Walter DeVenne.
http://wn.com/Little_Walter -
Magic Sam
Samuel "Magic Sam" Gene Maghett (February 14, 1937 – December 1, 1969) was an Chicago blues artist. Maghett was born in Grenada, Mississippi and learned to play the blues from listening to records by Muddy Waters and Little Walter. After moving to Chicago at the age of nineteen, he was signed by Cobra Records and became well known as a bluesman after his first record, "All Your Love" in 1957. He was known for his distinctive tremolo-guitar playing.
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Mel London
Mel London (April 9, 1932 - May 16, 1975) was a songwriter, record producer, and record label owner. He was active in the Chicago blues and R&B; scenes in the 1950s and 1960s. London is best known for his compositions for Chicago blues artists Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, Elmore James, and Junior Wells as well as being the record producer and owner of Chief Records (and its Profile Records and Age Records subsidiaries).
http://wn.com/Mel_London -
Memphis Slim
Memphis Slim (September 3, 1915 – February 24, 1988) was an American blues pianist, singer, and composer. He led a series of bands that, reflecting the popular appeal of jump blues, included saxophones, bass, drums, and piano. A song he first cut in 1947, "Every Day I Have the Blues", has become a blues standard, recorded by many other artists. Slim made over 500 recordings.
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Muddy Waters
McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1915April 30, 1983), known as Muddy Waters, was an American blues musician, generally considered "the Father of blues". Blues musicians Big Bill Morganfield and Larry "Mud Morganfield" Williams are his sons. A major inspiration for the British blues explosion in the 1960s, Muddy was ranked #17 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
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Robert Jr. Lockwood
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Robert Lockwood, Jr.
Robert Lockwood, Jr., also known as Robert Junior Lockwood, (March 27, 1915 – November 21, 2006) was an American blues guitarist who recorded for Chess Records among other Chicago labels in the 1950s and 1960s. He is best known as a longtime collaborator with Sonny Boy Williamson II, and for his work in the mid 1950s with Little Walter Jacobs.
http://wn.com/Robert_Lockwood_Jr -
Sam Cooke
Samuel Cook (January 22, 1931 – December 11, 1964), known professionally as Sam Cooke, was an American gospel, R&B;, soul, and pop singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur. He is considered to be one of the pioneers and founders of soul music. He is commonly known as The King of Soul for his unmatched vocal abilities and impact and influence on the modern world of music. His contribution in pioneering Soul music led to the rise of Aretha Franklin, Bobby Womack, Curtis Mayfield, Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, and popularizing the likes of Otis Redding and James Brown.
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Sonny Thompson
Sonny Thompson (August 22, 1916, — August 11, 1989) was an American R&B; bandleader and pianist, popular in the 1940s and 1950s.
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Syd Nathan
Syd Nathan (27 April 1904 – 5 March 1968) was an American hillbilly, country & western and rhythm and blues record producer. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He started the Queen record label in 1943. In 1947 it was renamed King Records. James Brown's first single "Please, Please, Please" was released on their subsidiary label Federal in 1956. Nathan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, in the "non-performer" category, in 1997.
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Tom Dowd
Tom Dowd (October 20, 1925 – October 27, 2002) was an American recording engineer and producer for Atlantic Records. He was credited with innovating the multi-track recording method. Dowd worked on a virtual "who's who" of recordings that encompassed blues, jazz, pop, rock and soul records.
http://wn.com/Tom_Dowd -
Willie Dixon
William James "Willie" Dixon (July 1, 1915 – January 29, 1992) was an American blues musician, vocalist, songwriter, arranger and record producer. A Grammy Award winner who was proficient on both the Upright bass and the guitar, as well as his own singing voice, Dixon is arguably best known as an acclaimed, prolific songwriter, and one of the founders of the Chicago blues sound. His songs have been recorded not only by himself, or that of the trio and other ensembles in which he participated, but an uncounted number of musicians representing many genres between them. A short list of his most famous compositions include "Little Red Rooster", "Hoochie Coochie Man", "Evil", "Spoonful", "Back Door Man", "I Just Want to Make Love to You", "I Ain't Superstitious", "My Babe", "Wang Dang Doodle", and "Bring It On Home". They were written during the peak of Chess Records, 1950–1965, and performed by Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, and Little Walter, influencing a worldwide generation of musicians. Next to Muddy Waters, he was the most influential person in shaping the post World War II sound of the Chicago blues. He also was an important link between the blues and rock and roll, working with Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley in the late 1950s. His songs were covered by some of the biggest artists of more recent times, including Bob Dylan, Cream, Jimi Hendrix, Led Zeppelin, Foghat, The Yardbirds, The Rolling Stones, Queen, Megadeth, The Doors, The Allman Brothers Band, Grateful Dead, and a posthumous duet with Colin James.
http://wn.com/Willie_Dixon
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Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
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Cincinnati, Ohio
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Dallas
Dallas () is the third-largest city in Texas and the ninth-largest in the United States. As of 2009, the population of Dallas was at 1.3 million according to the US Census Bureau. The city is the largest economic center of the 12-county metropolitan area that according to the March 2010 U.S. Census Bureau release, had a population of roughly 6.5 million as of July 2009. The metropolitan area is the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States.
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Dallas, Texas
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Gilmer, Texas
:Gilmer is also the name of a county in West Virginia.
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Miami
Miami ( or ) is a major city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida, and the eighth-most populous county in the United States, with a population of 2,500,625. The 42nd largest city in the United States, with a population of 433,136, it is the principal, central and most populous city of the South Florida metropolitan area. According to United Nations estimates, the Miami Urbanized Area was the fifth most populous urbanized area in the U.S. in 2000 with a population of 4,919,036, but in 2008 that number increased to 5,232,342, making it the fourth-largest urbanized area in the United States, behind New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.
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South Side (Chicago)
The South Side is a major part of the City of Chicago, which is located in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Much of it has evolved from the city's incorporation of independent townships, such as Hyde Park Township which voted along with several other townships to be annexed in the June 29, 1889 elections. Regions of the city, referred to as sides, are divided by the Chicago River and its branches. The South Side of Chicago was originally defined as all of the city south of the main branch of the Chicago River, but it now excludes the Loop. The South Side has a varied ethnic composition, and it has great disparity in income and other demographic measures. The South Side covers 60% of the city's land area, with a higher ratio of single-family homes and larger sections zoned for industry than the rest of the city.
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Texas
Texas () is the second-largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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- Albert King
- Ann Richards
- Atlantic records
- B.B King
- B.B. King
- Bear Family Records
- Blues
- blues-rock
- Bob Wills
- Bobby Tench
- Buddy Holly
- Carl Radle
- Chess Records
- Chicago
- Chicken Shack
- Chief Records
- Cincinnati, Ohio
- Cobra Records
- Cotillion Records
- Dallas
- Dallas, Texas
- Don Nix
- duet (music)
- Eddie Taylor
- Elmore James
- EMI Records
- Eric Clapton
- Federal Records
- Freddy King Sings
- funk music
- George Terry
- Gibson ES-335
- Gibson ES-345
- Gibson Guitars
- Gibson Les Paul
- Gilmer, Texas
- Guitar
- guitarist
- Hide Away
- Hound Dog Taylor
- Howlin' Wolf
- Jackie Wilson
- James Brown
- Jamie Oldaker
- Jimmie Vaughan
- Jimmy McCracklin
- Jimmy Rogers
- King Curtis
- King Records (USA)
- Led Zeppelin
- Leon Russell
- Little Walter
- LP record
- Magic Sam
- MCA Records
- Mel London
- Memphis Slim
- Miami
- Muddy Waters
- Musician
- P-90
- P.P. Arnold
- pancreatitis
- Polydor Records
- Pop Singles Chart
- Rhino Records
- Robert Jr. Lockwood
- Robert Lockwood, Jr.
- Rolling Stone
- RSO
- RSO Records
- Sam Cooke
- Shelter Records
- sideman
- Singer
- singer-songwriter
- Sonny Thompson
- South Side (Chicago)
- Stevie Ray Vaughan
- stomach ulcer
- Syd Nathan
- T-Bone Walker
- Texas
- The Jeff Beck Group
- The Stumble
- Tom Dowd
- Top 40
- United Kingdom
- United States
- Universal Records
- Willie Dixon
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Freddie King: Ain`t No Sunshine When She`s Gone.
Not possible!
http://wn.com/Freddie_King_Ain`t_No_Sunshine_When_She`s_Gone
Freddie King - Have You Ever Loved A Woman
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:06
- Published: 30 Jan 2007
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: hepcatblues
Freddie King with another great performance live in Sweden, 1973.
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Have_You_Ever_Loved_A_Woman
Freddie King - Hideaway
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:41
- Published: 07 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: boogieboi123
Blues legend Freddie King performs Hideaway on The Beat, 1966.
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Hideaway
Freddie King Ain't nobody's Business
I guess it one of the best perfomance of this cool blues standart. Freddie singing from the deep of his heart
http://wn.com/Freddie_King_Ain't_nobody's_Business
Freddie King - Goin' Down
Freddie King blues legend - Goin' Down (Live)
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Goin'_Down
Freddie King - Papa's got a brand new bag
Freddie King and Clarence 'Gatemouth' Brown playing at The Beat, 1966. Enjoy!
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Papa's_got_a_brand_new_bag
Freddie King - Look On Yonder Wall
Freddie King live
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Look_On_Yonder_Wall
Freddie King Performing Live
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:08
- Published: 29 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: GibsonGuitarCorp
www.gibson.com Freddie King Performing Ever Loved
http://wn.com/Freddie_King_Performing_Live
Freddie King - She Put a Whammy On Me
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Published: 23 Mar 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: soundcypher
Freddie King - She Put a Whammy On Me (Live)
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__She_Put_a_Whammy_On_Me
Freddie King - Tore Down
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 07 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 03 Dec 2011
- Author: boogieboi123
Freddie King on The Beat in 1966, performing Tore Down with fantastic backing dancers
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Tore_Down
Freddie King - San/Ho/Zay and Tore Down
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:44
- Published: 08 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: specter1001
Freddie King performing on The Beat, 1966 great stuff. please don't delete this video
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__San/Ho/Zay_and_Tore_Down
"Going Down" - Freddie King
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:31
- Published: 19 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: MrSoulrecords
From his 1971 record, "Getting Ready," which was largely written and produced by Leon Russell and features Duck Dunn on bass. Russell wrote "Going Down," as part of an attempt to introduce Freddie to more of a "rock audience" through this record.
http://wn.com/Going_Down__Freddie_King
Freddie King " Sweet Home Chicago"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:39
- Published: 25 Nov 2007
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: evanfrmheaven
Freddie King Video filmed on my tv in Johnny B. Goode's cabin up on Blueberry Hill.
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Sweet_Home_Chicago
Freddie King Have You Ever Loved a Women
The best version by Freddie. LA 1970
http://wn.com/Freddie_King_Have_You_Ever_Loved_a_Women
FREDDIE KING - PALACE OF THE KING
Freddie King (GETTING READY...) (Leon Russell-Don Nix-Donald Dunn) ---PALACE OF THE KING I was born down in Dallas raised up the city of the wind Yeah, I could spend a month of sundays talking about the place I've been Yeah, I played the Blues in England to the company of the Queen she really dug my style, but it was not my thing I'm going back to Dallas to live in the Palace of the king Yeah, they wanted me in Russia, but Moscow was much too cold Yeah, I went to play down in Denmark, but the woman was much too old Yeah, I'm gonna tell you something funny I can't find a Jimmy's pizza for any price I'd pay I'm going back to Dallas to live in the Palace of the king I'm living in the Palace of the king I can make a smile every note I play I can make you happy, I play the blues, my babe I'm going back to Dallas to live in the Palace of the king I'm living in the Palace of the king I'm been around the world, I have many things Nothing can make me feel such fun, but the blues I sing I'm going back to Dallas to live in the Palace of the king I'm living in the Palace of the king...
http://wn.com/FREDDIE_KING__PALACE_OF_THE_KING
Freddie King - Let the Good Times Roll - Excerpt
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:48
- Published: 02 May 2008
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: ricsternberg
This is an excerpt from a 13.5 minute piece I produced, shot and edited over 33 years ago. From this footage, at least 4 other YouTube clips have been uploaded without permission or credits. I don't know how those people got the video but here's the story behind the original: Freddie was in Austin to play at the Armadillo World Headquarters. Richard Halpin (Jail Arts & Education Project) got Freddie and his brother Bennie to play for the inmates at the Travis Co. Jail. The prisoners loved it. So did the musicians. I shot it with help from William McLellan & Linda Evans. It was shot with a single tube camera and recorded on a 1/2" reel-reel portapack. It is funky old video but a record of a terrific performance and selfless act by the late great artist, Freddie King.
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Let_the_Good_Times_Roll__Excerpt
Freddie King - Hide away.wmv
Guitarist Freddie King rode to fame in the early '60s with a spate of catchy instrumentals which became instant bandstand fodder for fellow bluesmen and white rock bands alike. Employing a more down-home (thumb and finger picks) approach to the BB King single-string style of playing, King enjoyed success on a variety of different record labels. Furthermore, he was one of the first bluesmen to employ a racially integrated group on-stage behind him. Influenced by Eddie Taylor, Jimmy Rogers, and Robert Jr. Lockwood, King went on to influence the likes of Eric Clapton, Mick Taylor, Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Lonnie Mack, among many others. Freddie King (who was originally billed as "Freddy" early in his career) was born and raised in Gilmer, TX, where he learned how to play guitar as a child; his mother and uncle taught him the instrument. Initially, King played rural acoustic blues, in the vein of Lightin' Hopkins. By the time he was a teenager, he had grown to love the rough, electrified sounds of Chicago blues. In 1950, when he was 16 years old, his family moved to Chicago, where he began frequenting local blues clubs, listening to musicians like Muddy Waters, Jimmy Rogers, Robert Jr. Lockwood, Little Walter, and Eddie Taylor. Soon, the young guitarist formed his own band, the Every Hour Blues Boys, and was performing himself. In the mid-'50s, King began playing on sessions for Parrott and Chess Records, as well as playing with Earlee Payton's Blues Cats and the Little Sonny <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Hide_awaywmv
Freddie King - Blues Band Shuffle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:29
- Published: 30 Jan 2007
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: hepcatblues
Freddie King playing in Sweden circa 1973.
http://wn.com/Freddie_King__Blues_Band_Shuffle
Freddie King Whole Lotta Lovin'
Freddie singing in LA 1970
http://wn.com/Freddie_King_Whole_Lotta_Lovin'
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RELATED LINKS
- African-American
- Albert King
- Ann Richards
- Atlantic records
- B.B King
- B.B. King
- Bear Family Records
- Blues
- blues-rock
- Bob Wills
- Bobby Tench
- Buddy Holly
- Carl Radle
- Chess Records
- Chicago
- Chicken Shack
- Chief Records
- Cincinnati, Ohio
- Cobra Records
- Cotillion Records
- Dallas
- Dallas, Texas
- Don Nix
- duet (music)
- Eddie Taylor
- Elmore James
- EMI Records
- Eric Clapton
- Federal Records
- Freddy King Sings
- funk music
- George Terry
- Gibson ES-335
- Gibson ES-345
- Gibson Guitars
- Gibson Les Paul
- Gilmer, Texas
- Guitar
- guitarist
- Hide Away
- Hound Dog Taylor
- Howlin' Wolf
- Jackie Wilson
- James Brown
- Jamie Oldaker
- Jimmie Vaughan
- Jimmy McCracklin
- Jimmy Rogers
- King Curtis
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- Led Zeppelin
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- Little Walter
- LP record
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- Memphis Slim
- Miami
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IMDb
Last week, director Martin Scorsese released his first 3D film, Hugo. Based on Brian Selznick's The Invention of Hugo Cabret and written by John...
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LA Weekly
Anita RosenbergPatti Astor -- indie actress, ground-breaking curator, Manhattan party girl and current SoCal resident -- is stirring things up again, this time here in Echo Park. Patti's headline-grabbing FUN Gallery in NYC (1981-1984) was the very first to give solo shows to street artists Keith...
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size: 3.7Kb
IMDb
Photo 52 of 97 Show all Hide thumbnails Show thumbnails Stop Slideshow 22 June 2011 Photo by Eric McCandless - © 2011 Disney Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. Titles: The Nine Lives of Chloe King, Redemption...
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size: 2.8Kb
The Daily Telegraph
Boxing trainer Freddie Roach says Amir Khan's development has been quicker than that of Manny Pacquiao. 560 315 TelegraphPlayer-8635596 For the past three years, Khan has been under the supervision of Freddie Roach, who famously took Manny Pacquiao to the top....
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FREDDIE ROACH HAILS KING KHAN
13 Jul 2011
Sporting Life
Freddie Roach believes WBA light-welterweight champion Amir Khan is a superior boxer at 24 than Manny Pacquiao was at the same age. Roach trains both fighters and is confident Britain's Khan will emulate Filipino Pacquiao by becoming boxing's pound-for-pound king within the next two years. "Amir is...
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The Examiner
There is no doubt that there is a tremendous interest in all things relating to Michael Jackson, the lengendary King of Pop. The lastest album release, Michael, has done well despite the controversy that surrounded its release. There were many artists excited to hear the new release, while others...
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Coventry 1 Ipswich 1: Sky Blues survive Marlon King red card as Freddy Eastwood cancels ...
01 Jan 2011
The Daily Mail
Coventry survived playing with 10 men for half an hour to pick up an important npower Championship point at home to Ipswich. Marlon King was sent off for a reckless lunge on the hour mark but Aidy Boothroyd's side held on to start the new year with a draw. Rory Fallon had put Roy Keane's visitors...
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| {{infobox musical artist |name | Freddie King |
|---|---|
| Background | solo_singer |
| Birth name | Frederick Christian (?) |
| Aliases | Freddy King, the Texas Cannonball |
| Born | September 03, 1934Gilmer, Texas, United States |
| Died | December 28, 1976Dallas, Texas, United States |
| Instrument | Guitar, vocals |
| Genres | Blues, blues-rock, funk |
| Occupation | Musician, singer-songwriter |
| Years active | 1952–1976 |
| Labels | El-Bee, King, Federal, Atlantic, Shelter, RSO |
| Associated acts | Robert Lockwood, Jr., Sonny Thompson, Bill Willis, King Curtis, Leon Russell, Carl Radle, Eric Clapton, Jamie Oldaker, Tom Dowd, Mike Vernon, Steve Ferrone, Bobby Tench, P.P. Arnold, Jimmie Vaughan, Peter Green |
| Website | The official Freddie King site |
| Notable instruments | Gibson Les Paul guitar Gibson ES-345 }} |
Freddie King (September 3, 1934 – December 28, 1976), thought to have been born as Frederick Christian, originally recording as Freddy King, and nicknamed "the Texas Cannonball", was an influential African-American blues guitarist and singer. He is often mentioned as one of "the Three Kings" of electric blues guitar, along with Albert King and B.B. King, as well as the youngest of the three.
Freddie King based his guitar style on Texas and Chicago influences and was one of the first bluesmen to have a multi-racial backing band onstage with him at live performances. He is best known for singles such as "Have You Ever Loved A Woman" (1960) and his Top 40 hit "Hide Away" (1961). He is also known for albums such as the early, instrumental-packed Let's Hide Away and Dance Away with Freddy King (1961) and the later album Burglar (1974), which displayed King's mature versatility as both player and singer in a range of blues and funk styles.
King had a twenty-year recording career and became established as an influential guitarist with hits for Federal Records, in the early 1960s. He inspired American musicians such as Stevie Ray Vaughan and his brother Jimmie Vaughan and others. His influence was also felt in UK, through recordings by blues revivalists such as Eric Clapton, Peter Green, and Chicken Shack.
Early life and name variations
When King was only six, his mother Ella Mae and his uncle began teaching Freddie guitar. In autumn 1949 King and his family moved from Dallas to the South Side of Chicago. In 1952 King started working in a steel mill, the same year he married fellow Texas native Jessie Burnett, with whom he eventually had six children.There are significant variations and unresolved confusion over King's use of the surname King. According to his estate, he was named "Freddy King" at birth and his parents were Ella Mae King and J.T.Christian. According to his sister, King had the surname Christian, even after their mother re-married and the family moved to Chicago and that by the mid 1950s he "Freddy Christian", was so musically ambitious that he changed his surname to King, to ride on the coat tails of B.B. King. It is notable that his first name is spelled "Freddy" on his recordings made between 1956 and 1964. From 1968 his name was credited as Freddie King.
Recording career
1950s
Almost as soon as his family had moved to Chicago, King started sneaking into South Side nightclubs, where he heard blues performed by Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, T-Bone Walker, Elmore James, and Sonny Boy Williamson. King formed his first band, the Every Hour Blues Boys, with guitarist Jimmy Lee Robinson and drummer Sonny Scott. In 1952, while employed at the steel mill, an eighteen-year-old King occasionally worked as a sideman with such bands as the Little Sonny Cooper Band and Earl Payton's Blues Cats. In 1953 he recorded with the latter for Parrot Records, but these recordings were never released. As the 1950s went on, King played with several of Muddy Waters's sidemen and other Chicago mainstays, including guitarists Jimmy Rogers, Robert Jr. Lockwood, Eddie Taylor, Hound Dog Taylor, bassist Willie Dixon, pianist Memphis Slim, and harpist Little Walter.In 1956 he cut his first record as a leader, for El-Bee Records. The A-side was a duet with a Margaret Whitfield, "Country Boy,", and the B-side was a King vocal. Both tracks feature the guitar of Robert Jr. Lockwood, who during these same years was also adding rhythm backing and fills to Little Walter's records.
King was repeatedly rejected in auditions for the South Side's Chess Records, the premier blues label, which was home to Muddy, Wolf, and Walter. The complaint was that Freddie King sang too much like B.B. King. A newer blues scene, lively with nightclubs and upstart record companies, was burgeoning on the West Side, though. Bassist and producer Willie Dixon, during a late 1950s period of estrangement from Chess, had King come to Cobra Records for a session, but the results have never been heard. Meanwhile, though, King established himself as perhaps the biggest musical force on the West Side. King played along with Magic Sam and supposedly did uncredited backing guitar on some of Sam's tracks for Mel London's Chief and Age labels, though King does not stand out anywhere.
Federal Records
In 1959 King got to know Sonny Thompson, pianist, producer, and A&R; man for Cincinnati's King Records and King owner Syd Nathan signed King to the subsidiary Federal label in 1960. King recorded his debut single for the label on August 26, 1960: "Have You Ever Loved a Woman" backed with "You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling" (again as "Freddy" King). From the same recording session at the King Studios in Cincinnati, Ohio, King cut the instrumental "Hide Away," which the next year reached #5 on the R&B; Charts and #29 on the Pop Singles Charts, an unprecedented accomplishment for a blues instrumental. "Hide Away" was originally released as the B-side of "I Love the Woman". "Hide Away" was King's conglomeration of a theme by Hound Dog Taylor and parts by others , such as from "The Walk" by Jimmy McCracklin and "Peter Gunn", as credited by King. The song's title comes from Mel's Hide Away Lounge, a popular blues club on the West Side of Chicago. Willie Dixon later claimed that he had recorded King doing "Hide Away" for Cobra Records in the late 1950s, but such a version has never surfaced.After their success with "Hide Away," King and Sonny Thompson recorded thirty instrumentals, including "The Stumble," "Just Pickin'," "Sen-Sa-Shun," "Side Tracked," "San-Ho-Zay," "High Rise," and "The Sad Nite Owl". Vocal tracks continued to be recorded throughout this period, but often the instrumentals were marketed on their own merits as albums. During the Federal period King toured with many of the R&B; acts of the day such as, Sam Cooke, Jackie Wilson and James Brown, who performed in the same concerts.
Cotillion, Shelter, RSO Records
King's contract with Federal expired in 1966, and his first overseas tour followed in 1968. King's availability was noticed by producer and saxophonist King Curtis, who had recorded a cover of "Hide Away," with Cornell Dupree on guitar in 1962. Curtis signed King to Atlantic in 1968, which resulted in two LPs, Freddie King Is a Blues Master (1969) and My Feeling for the Blues (1970), produced by Curtis for the Atlantic subsidiary Cotillion Records.In 1969 King hired Jack Calmes as his manager , who secured him an appearance at the 1969 Texas Pop Festival, alongside Led Zeppelin and others, and this led to King's being signed to Leon Russell's new label, Shelter Records. The company treated King as an important artist, flying him to Chicago to the former Chess studios for the recording of Getting Ready and gave him a backing line-up of top session musicians, including rock pianist Leon Russell. Three albums were made during this period, including blues classics and new songs written by Russell and Don Nix.
King performed alongside the big rock acts of the day, such as Eric Clapton and for a young, mainly white audience, before signing to RSO. In 1974 he recorded Burglar, for which Tom Dowd produced the track "Sugar Sweet" at Criteria Studios in Miami, with guitarists Clapton and slide guitarist George Terry, drummer Jamie Oldaker and bassist Carl Radle. Mike Vernon produced all the other tracks. Vernon also produced a second album Larger than Life with King, for the same label. Vernon brought in other notable musicians for both albums such as Bobby Tench of The Jeff Beck Group, to complement King
Playing style and technique
King had an intuitive style, often creating guitar parts with vocal nuances. He achieved this by using the open string sound associated with Texas blues and the raw, screaming tones of West Side Chicago blues. In his early career he played a gold top Gibson Les Paul with P-90 pickups through a Gibson GA-40 amplifier, later moving on to Gibson ES-345 guitars, using a plastic thumb pick and a metal index-finger pick to achieve an aggressive finger attack, a style he learned from Jimmy Rogers. He had a relatively more aggressive and creative style of improvisation than others such as, B.B King and Albert King, considered by many to be a more exploratory and less traditional approach.King's later years (after 1970) were marked by a shift towards more of a hard, rock-like style, presumably in an effort to reach white audiences better. He also largely quit performing new material in lieu of simply covering songs from B.B. King and other blues musicians.
Death
Near-constant touring took its toll on Freddie King (he was on the road almost 300 days out of the year), and in 1976 he began suffering stomach ulcers. His health quickly deteriorated and he died on December 28 of complications from that and acute pancreatitis at the age of 42.
Discography
Studio albums
| Date | Title | Label & Cat. no. | Chart no. | |
| ! R&B; | ! Pop | |||
| Freddy King Sings | ||||
| Let's Hide Away and Dance Away with Freddy King | King 773 | |||
| 1962 | Two Boys and a Girl Freddy King, Lulu Reed & Sonny Thompson | Federal 777 | ||
| Bossa Nova and the Blues | Federal 821 | |||
| Freddy King Goes Surfin | Federal 856 | |||
| Bonanza of Instrumentals | Federal 928 | |||
| Freddie King Sings Again | Federal 931 | |||
| 1969 | Freddie King Is A Blues Master | |||
| 1970 | My Feeling For The Blues | Cotillion SD 9016 | ||
| 1971 | Getting Ready | |||
| 1972 | The Texas Cannonball | Shelter SW8913 | ||
| 1973 | Woman Across The River | Shelter SW8921 | 54 | 158 |
| 1974 | Burglar | 53 | ||
| 1975 | Freddie King Larger than Life | RSO SO4811 | ||
Selected compilation albums
| Date | Title | Label & Cat. no. | Chart no. | |
| ! R&B; | ! Pop | |||
| 1965 | All His Hits | |||
| 1976 | Freddie King 1934–1976 | |||
| 1989 | Just Pickin' | Modern Blues | ||
| 1993 | Hide Away: The Best of Freddie King | |||
| 1995 | King of the Blues | |||
| 1997 | Staying Home with the Blues | |||
| 2000 | The Best of Freddie King: The Shelter Records Years | |||
| 2008 | The Best Of Freddie King | |||
| 2009 | Taking Care of Business | |||
Charting singles
| Date | Title A-side / B-side | Label & Cat. no. | Chart no. | |
| ! R&B; | ! Pop | |||
| 1956 | "Country Boy" / "That's What You Think" | El-Bee 157 | ||
| "Have You Ever Loved a Woman" | Federal 12384 | |||
| "You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling" | Federal 12384 | 92 | ||
| "Hide Away" / "I Love The Woman" | Federal 12401 | 5 | 29 | |
| "Lonesome Whistle Blues" / | "It's Too Bad (Things Are Going So Tough)" | Federal 12415 | 8 | 88 |
| "San-Ho-Zay" | Federal 12428 | 4 | 47 | |
| "See See Baby" | Federal 12428 | 21 | ||
| "I'm Tore Down" / "Sen-Sa-Shun" | Federal 12432 | 5 | ||
| "Christmas Tears" / "I Hear Jingle Bells" | Federal 12439 | 28 | ||
Awards and recognition
In 1993 by proclamation from the Texas Governor Ann Richards September 3, 1993, was declared Freddie King Day. This is an honor reserved for Lone Star legends, e.g. Bob Wills and Buddy Holly.In 2003 King was placed 25th in Rolling Stone's list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time.
References
Bibliography
External links
Category:1934 births Category:1976 deaths Category:African American guitarists Category:African American singer-songwriters Category:American blues guitarists Category:American blues singers Category:Blues Hall of Fame inductees Category:Electric blues musicians Category:American rhythm and blues musicians Category:Texas blues musicians Category:People from Longview, Texas Category:Musicians from Dallas, Texas Category:Apex Records artists Category:King Records artists Category:Deaths from heart failure
de:Freddie King es:Freddie King fr:Freddie King it:Freddie King nl:Freddie King ja:フレディ・キング pl:Freddie King pt:Freddie King ru:Кинг, Фредди fi:Freddie King sv:Freddie King tr:Freddie King uk:Фредді Кінг zh:弗雷德·金This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Show name | Freddie |
|---|---|
| Format | Sitcom |
| Runtime | 30 minutes |
| Creator | Conrad JacksonFreddie Prinze, Jr.Bruce RasmussenBruce Helford |
| Executive producer | Freddie Prinze, Jr.Bruce RasmussenDeborah OppenheimerBruce Helford |
| Starring | Freddie Prinze, Jr.Brian Austin GreenJacqueline ObradorsMädchen Amick Chloe SuazoJenny Gago |
| Opentheme | "I'm a Man"music by Keb' Mo',sung by Lazy Lester |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Network | ABC Nick at Nite |
| First aired | |
| Last aired | |
| Num seasons | 1 |
| Num episodes | 21 |
| Website | http://abc.go.com/primetime/schedule/2005-06/freddie.html }} |
Freddie is a television sitcom created by, and starring, Freddie Prinze, Jr. that aired from October 5, 2005 to April 12, 2006. Freddie is inspired by Prinze Jr.'s real life, growing up in a house filled with women. His lifelong friend, Conrad Jackson, co-created this series with Prinze, along with executive producers Bruce Helford and Bruce Rasmussen.
Production
Freddie, was co-produced by Hunga Rican, Excitable Boy! and Mohawk Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television. The friendship between Freddie and Chris in the show was loosely based on Conrad Jackson and Freddie's real-life friendship. It was reported by Variety on May 12, 2006, that ABC had decided not to renew the series, which was confirmed on May 15, 2006. The show still airs in reruns on Sí TV in the United States, and on Trouble in the UK. It is also well known for its crossover with the fellow ABC sitcom, George Lopez.
Cast
Episodes
| # | Title | Directed by | Written by | U.S. viewers(in millions) | Original air date | ||||||||||||||||
American ratings
{|class="wikitable" !colspan="2"|Season !!Timeslot !!U.S. ratings !!Network !!Rank |- | 1 || 2005-2006 || Wednesday ||6.8 million ||ABC ||#89 |}
References
External links
Category:2000s American television series Category:2005 American television series debuts Category:2006 American television series endings Category:American television sitcoms Category:American Broadcasting Company network shows Category:English-language television series Category:Television series by Warner Bros. Television Category:Television shows set in Chicago, Illinois
cs:Freddie de:Freddie (Fernsehserie) pt:Freddie fi:FreddieThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy. This is a form of government in which a state or polity is ruled or controlled by an individual who typically inherits the throne by birth and occasionally rules for life or until abdication. Monarchs may be autocrats (absolute monarchy) or ceremonial heads of state who exercise little or no power or only reserve power, with actual authority vested in a parliament or other body (constitutional monarchy).
Etymology
The word monarch is derived from the Greek μονάρχης (from μόνος, "one/singular," and ἄρχων, "leader/ruler/chief" through the Latin: monarcha (mono: "one" + arch "chief") which referred to a single, at least nominally, absolute ruler. In current usage the word monarchy generally refers to a traditional system of hereditary rule, as elective monarchies are rare in the modern period.
Characteristics
Most states have at most one monarch at any given time, although a regent may rule when the monarch is a minor, not present, or otherwise incapable of ruling. Two monarchs have ruled simultaneously in some countries, as in the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta or the joint sovereignty of spouses or relatives (e.g. William and Mary of Kingdom of England and Scotland, Peter and Ivan of Russia, Charles and Joanna of Castile, etc.).Monarchs have various titles — king or queen, prince or princess (e.g. Sovereign Prince of Monaco), Malik or Malikah (e.g. Maliks of Middle eastern Mamlakahs). emperor or empress (e.g. Emperor of Japan, Emperor of India), Shah of Iran, archduke, duke or grand duke (e.g. Grand Duke of Luxembourg). Prince is sometimes used as a generic term to describe any monarch regardless of title, especially in older texts.
Many monarchs are distinguished by titles and styles. They often take part in certain ceremonies, such as a coronation.
Monarchy is associated with political or sociocultural in nature hereditary rule; most monarchs, both historically and in the modern day, have been born and brought up within a royal family (over a period of time called a dynasty) and trained for future duties. Different systems of succession have been used, such as proximity of blood, primogeniture, and agnatic seniority (Salic law). While traditionally most monarchs have been male, female monarchs have also ruled in history; the term queen regnant refers to a ruling monarch, as distinct from a queen consort, the wife of a reigning king.
Some monarchies are non-hereditary. In an elective monarchy, the monarch is elected but otherwise serves as any other monarch. Historical examples of elective monarchy include the Holy Roman Emperors (chosen by prince-electors but often coming from the same dynasty) and the free election of kings of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Modern examples include the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia and the pope of the Roman Catholic Church, who serves as Sovereign of the Vatican City State and is elected to a life term by the College of Cardinals.
Monarchies have existed throughout the world, although in recent centuries many states have abolished the monarchy and become republics. Advocacy of republics is called republicanism, while advocacy of monarchies is called monarchism. The principal advantage of hereditary monarchy is the immediate continuity of leadership, with a usually short interregnum (as illustrated in the classic phrase "The [old] King is dead. Long live the [new] King!"). However, this only applies in the case of autocratic rule. In cases where the monarch serves mostly as a ceremonial figure (e.g. most modern constitutional monarchies) real leadership does not depend on the monarch.
A form of government may in actual fact be hereditary without being considered monarchy, such as family dictatorship or political families present in some nominally democratic countries.
Classification
A particular case is the French co-prince of Andorra, a position held by the elected President of France. Nonetheless, he is still generally considered a monarch because of the traditional use of a monarchical title (even though Andorra is, strictly speaking, a diarchy.) Similarly, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia is considered a monarch despite only holding the office for five years at a time. On the other hand, several life-time dictators around the world have not been formally classified as monarchs, even if succeeded by their children, but that may be more to do with international political sensitivities than with semantics.
Succession
Hereditary succession within one family has been most common. The usual hereditary succession is based on some cognatic principles and on seniority, though sometimes merit has played a part. Thus, the most common hereditary system in feudal Europe was based on cognatic primogeniture where a lord was succeeded by his eldest son or, if he had no son, by either daughters or sons of daughters. The system of tanistry was semi-elective and gave weight also to merits and capability.The Quasi-Salic succession provided firstly for male members of the family to succeed, and secondarily males descended from female lines. In most feudal fiefs, females (such as daughters and sisters) were allowed to succeed, should the male line fail, but usually the husband of the heiress became the real lord and most often also received the title, jure uxoris. Great Britain and Spain today continue this model of succession law, in the form of cognatic primogeniture. In more complex medieval cases, the sometimes conflicting principles of proximity and primogeniture battled, and outcomes were often idiosyncratic.
As the average life span among the nobility increased (thanks to lords limiting their personal participation in dangerous battles, and generally improved sustenance and living conditions among the wealthy), an eldest son was more likely to reach majority age before the death of his father, and primogeniture became increasingly favoured over proximity, tanistry, seniority and election.
Later, when lands were strictly divided among noble families and tended to remain fixed, agnatic primogeniture (practically the same as Salic Law) became more usual: the succession would go to the eldest son of the monarch, or, if the monarch had no sons, the throne would pass to the nearest male relative through the male line, to the total exclusion of females.
In some countries however, inheritance through the female line was never wholly abandoned, so that if the monarch had no sons, the throne would pass to the eldest daughter and to her posterity. (This, cognatic primogeniture, was the rule that let Elizabeth II become Queen.)
In 1980, Sweden became the first monarchy to declare equal primogeniture or full cognatic primogeniture, meaning that the eldest child of the monarch, whether female or male, ascends to the throne. Other kingdoms (the Netherlands in 1983, Norway in 1990, Belgium in 1991 and Denmark in 2009) have since followed suit.
In some monarchies, such as Saudi Arabia, succession to the throne usually first passes to the monarch's next eldest brother, and only after that to the monarch's children (agnatic seniority). In some other monarchies (e.g. Jordan), the monarch chooses who will be his successor, who need not necessarily be his eldest son.
Whatever the rules of succession, there have been many cases of a monarch being overthrown and replaced by a usurper who would then often install his own family as the ruling monarchy.
History
Monarchs in Africa
A series of Pharaohs ruled Ancient Egypt over the course of three millennia (circa 3150 BC to 31 BC) until it was conquered by the Roman Empire. In the same time period several kingdoms flourished in the nearby Nubia region, with at least one of them, that of the so-called A-Group culture, apparently influencing the customs of Egypt itself.
West Africa hosted the Kanem Empire (700 - 1376) and its successor, the Bornu principality which survives to the present day as a part of the Federation of Nigeria.
In East Africa, the Aksumite Empire and later the Ethiopian Empire (1270-1974) were ruled by a series of monarchs. Haile Selassie, the last Emperor of Ethiopia, was deposed in a communist coup.
Central and Southern Africa were largely isolated from other regions until the modern era, but they did later feature kingdoms like the Kingdom of Kongo (1400–1914).
As part of the Scramble for Africa, Europeans conquered, bought, or established African kingdoms and styled themselves as monarchs.
Currently the African nations of Morocco, Lesotho and Swaziland are sovereign monarchies under dynasties that are native to the continent. Places like St. Helena, Ceuta, Melilla and the Canary Islands are ruled by the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the King of Spain, while so-called sub-national monarchies of varying sizes can be found all over the rest of the continent e.g. the Yoruba city-state of Akure in south-western Nigeria is something of an elective monarchy, with its reigning Oba having to be chosen by an electoral college of nobles from amongst a finite collection of royal princes and princesses of the realm. Princess Pamela Bonsu of Africa
Monarchs in Europe
Prince was a common title within the Holy Roman Empire, along with a number of higher titles listed below. Such titles were granted by the Emperor, while the titulation of rulers of sovereign states was generally left to their own discretion, most often choosing King or Queen. Such titulations could cause diplomatic problems, and especially the elevation to Emperor or Empress was seen as an offensive action. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries most small monarchies in Europe disappeared, merging to form larger entities, and so King the most common title for male rulers and Queen has become the most common title today for female rulers.
in Europe there are twelve monarchies: seven kingdoms, one grand duchy, one papacy, and two principalities, as well as the diarchy of Andorra.
Monarchs in Asia
In China, before the abolition of the monarchy in 1912, the Emperor of China was traditionally regarded as the ruler of "All under heaven". "King" is the usual translation for the term wang 王, the sovereign before the Qin dynasty and during the Ten Kingdoms period. During the early Han dynasty, China had a number of small kingdoms, each about the size of a county and subordinate to the Empress or Emperor of China.The Japanese monarchy is now the only monarchy to still use the title of Emperor. Between 1925–1979, Iran was ruled by an Emperor that used the title of "Shahanshah" (or "King of Kings" in Persian). Thailand and Bhutan are like the UK in that they are constitutional monarchies ruled by a King. Saudi Arabia and many other middle eastern monarchies are ruled by a Malik and parts of the United Arab Emirates, such as Dubai, are still ruled by monarchs. Oman is led by Monarch Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said. The Kingdom of Jordan is one of the Middle East's more modern monarchies is also ruled by a Malik. In Arab and arabized countries, Malik (absolute King) is absolute word to render a monarch and is superior to all other titles. Nepal abolished their monarchy in 2008. Sri Lanka had a complex system of monarchies from 543BC to 1815. Between 47BC-42BC Anula of Sri Lanka became the country's first ever female head of state as well as Asia's first head of state.
In Malaysia's constitutional monarchy, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (The Supreme Lord of the Federation) is de facto rotated every five years among the nine Rulers of the Malay states of Malaysia (those nine of the thirteen states of Malaysia that have hereditary royal rulers), elected by Majlis Raja-Raja (Conference of Rulers). Under Brunei Darussalam's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda, Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah is the head of state with full executive authority, including emergency powers, since 1962. The Prime Minister of Brunei is a title held by the Sultan of Brunei. As the prime minister, the Sultan presides over the cabinet.
Monarchs in the Americas
The concept of monarchy existed in the Americas long before the arrival of European colonialists. When the Europeans arrived they referred to these tracts of land within territories of different aboriginal groups to be kingdoms, and the leaders of these groups were often referred to by the Europeans as Kings, particularly hereditary leaders. Many of the leaders were queens, but this was not understood by the Europeans, who had no knowledge of the indigenous history or languages, much less an understanding of matrilinealityPre-colonial titles that were used included:
The first local monarch to emerge in North America after colonization was Augustin I, who declared himself Emperor of Mexico in 1822. Mexico again had an emperor, Maximilian I from 1863 to 1867. In South America, Brazil had a Portuguese royal house ruling as emperor between 1822 and 1889, under Emperors Pedro I and Pedro II.
These American emperors were deposed due to complex issues, including pressure from the highly republican United States, which had declared itself independent of the British monarch in 1776. The British, worried about U.S. colonial expansion, invasion following the American Civil War, and the fact that the U.S. had aided the Mexican republican rebels in overthrowing Maximilian I, pushed for the union of the Canadian provinces into a country in 1867. With Confederation, Canada became a self-governing nation which was considered a kingdom in its own right, though it remained subordinate to the United Kingdom; thus, Victoria was monarch of Canada, but not sovereign of it. It was not until the passing of the Statute of Westminster that Canada was considered to be under a distinct Canadian Crown, separate to that of the British, and not until 1953 that the Canadian monarch, at the time Elizabeth II, was titled by Canadian law as Queen of Canada.
Between 1931 and 1983 nine other previous British colonies attained independence as kingdoms, all, including Canada, in a personal union relationship under a shared monarch. Therefore, though today there are legally ten American monarchs, one person occupies each distinct position.
| !width="15%" | Female Title | Realm | Latin | !Examples |
| Emperor | Empress | Empire | Imperator (Imperatrix) | Brazil, Mexico, Sapa Inca, Japan |
| King | Rex (Regina) | Canada, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Saint Kitts and Nevis |
Titles and precedence
The normal monarch title in Europe — i.e., the one used if the monarch has no higher title — is prince or princess, by convention. As an absolute ruler, a monarch can choose a title. However, titles are usually defined by tradition and diplomatic considerations.
Note that some of these titles have several meanings and do not necessarily designate a monarch. A Prince may be a person of royal blood (some languages uphold this distinction, see Fürst). A Duke may be a British peer. In Imperial Russia, a Grand Duke was a son or grandson of the Tsar or Tsarina. Holders of titles in these alternative meanings did not enjoy the same status as the monarchs of the same title.
Within the Holy Roman Empire, there were even more titles that were used occasionally for monarchs although they were normally noble; Margrave, Count Palatine, and Landgrave. A monarch with such a low title was still regarded as more important than a noble Duke.
The table below lists titles in order of precedence. According to protocol any holder of a title of monarchy took precedence over all holders of a lower title. Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom was arguably the most powerful monarch of her time, but at banquets was seated below all the Emperors until she took the title of Empress of India.
| Male version | Female version | Realm |
|
Adjective | Latin | !Examples | |
| Emperor | Empress | Empire | Imperial | Imperator (Imperatrix) | Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Ottoman Empire, Holy Roman Empire, Russia, Imperial China, First and Second French Empire, Austria, Mexico, Brazil, German Empire (none left in Europe after 1918), Empress of India (ceased to be used after 1947 when India was granted independence from the British Empire), Japan (the only remaining enthroned emperor in the world). | ||
| King | Royal | Rex (Regina) | Common in larger sovereign states | ||||
| Viceroy | Vicereine | Viceroyalty | Viceregal | Proconsul | Historical: Spanish Empire (Peru, New Spain, Rio de la Plata, New Granada), Portuguese Empire, (India, Brazil), British Empire | ||
| Grand Duke | Grand Duchess | Grand Duchy | Grand Ducal | Magnus Dux | Today: Luxembourg; historical: Lithuania, Baden, Finland, Tuscany et al. | ||
| Archduke | Archduchess | Archduchy | Archducal | Arci Dux | Historical: Unique only in Austria, Archduchy of Austria; title used for member of the Habsburg dynasty | ||
| Prince | Princess | Principality, Princely state | Princely | Princeps | Today: Monaco, Liechtenstein; Andorra (Co-Princes). Historical: Albania, Serbia | ||
| Duke | Duchess | Duchy | Ducal | Dux | There are none left currently. Though historical examples include Normandy. | ||
| Count | Countess | County | Countly, comital | Comes | Most common in the Holy Roman Empire, translated in German as Graf; historical: County of Barcelona | ||
| [[Baron | Baroness | Barony | Baronial | Baro | There are normal baronies and sovereign baronies, a sovereign barony can be compared with a principality, however, this is an historical exception; sovereign barons no longer have a sovereign barony, but only the title and style | ||
| Pope | Papacy | Papal | Papa | Monarch of the Papal States and later Sovereign of the State of Vatican City |
The pope is the Bishop of Rome (a celibate office always forbidden to women), in English however, reports of female popes such as (Pope Joan) refer to them as pope and Popess is used, among other things, for the second trump in the Tarot deck; some European languages also have a feminine form of the word pope, such as the Italian papessa, the French papesse, and the German Päpstin''.
Titles by region
When a difference exists below, male titles are placed to the left and female titles are placed to the right of the slash.
| !Region | !Title | !Description and use |
| rowspan="11" | Africa | Almami |
| List of rulers of Asante | Asantehene | Ashanti, title of the king of the Ashanti people in Ghana |
| Tribal chief | Chieftain | Leader of a people |
| Eze | Igbo people of Nigeria | |
| Kabaka of Buganda | Kabaka | Baganda people of Buganda in Uganda |
| Malik | King of Morocco | |
| Mwami | In both Rwanda and Burundi during the Tutsi domination of these countries, now the acknowledged ruling sections of only their fellow Tutsis | |
| Oba (king) | Oba | Yoruba people>Yoruba and Bini peoples of Nigeria |
| Omukama | Bunyoro, title of some kings in Uganda | |
| Pharaoh | Emperor of Ancient Egypt | |
| Hausa people | Sarki | King of the Hausa people |
| rowspan="39" | Asia | Arasan, Kazakhstan>Arasan/Arasi |
| Chakrawarti Raja | India Sri Lanka | |
| Chogyal | "Divine Ruler"; ruled Sikkim until 1975 | |
| Datu | title of leaders of small kingdoms during Ancient Philippines | |
| Druk Gyalpo | Hereditary title given to the king of Bhutan | |
| Emperor of China | ||
| Engku or Ungku | Malaysia, to denote particular family lineage akin to royalty | |
| Gat | Honorary title of the leaders in the Philippines | |
| Hang | Limbu King of East Nepal Limbuwan | |
| Hari | Filipino title for king | |
| Emperor of China | Huángdì | Imperial China Emperor |
| List of Korean monarchs | Hwangje | States that unified Korea |
| Maha Raja | Used in India and Sri Lanka | |
| Maha Raju | Used in Andhra Pradesh (India) | |
| Meurah | Title used in Aceh before Islam | |
| Lakan | title used by the rulers of the Kingdom of Tondo (now part of the Philippines) | |
| PadshahShahinshahShah | Emperor of Iran or Hindustan (India) | |
| Norodom Sihamoni | Preah Karuna Preah Bat Sâmdech Preah Bâromneath | King of Cambodia Khmer language>Khmer, the title literally means "The feet of the Greatest Lord who is on the heads (of his subjects)" (This royal title does not refer directly to the king himself but to his feet, according to traditions). |
| Patabendige | Patabenda | Sub- king Sri lanka |
| Bhumibol Adulyadej | Phrabat Somdej Phrachaoyuhua | King of Thailand (Siam), the title literally means "The feet of the Greatest Lord who is on the heads (of his subjects)" (This royal title does not refer directly to the king himself but to his feet, according to traditions.) |
| Qaghan | Central Asian Tribes | |
| Racha | Thailand same meaning as Raja | |
| Raja | Malaysia, Raja denotes royalty in Perak and certain Selangor royal family lineages, is roughly equivalent to Prince or Princess. | |
| Raja | Nepal King | |
| Raja | pre-colonial Philippines | |
| Rani (disambiguation) | Rani | Nepali Queen |
| Rao or Maharao | Used in Indian states | |
| Rawal or Maharawal | Used in northern and western India, Yaduvanshis. | |
| Susuhunan or Sunan | The Indonesian princely state of Surakarta. | |
| Saopha | Shan people | |
| [[Sayyid | Honorific title given throughout the Islamic regions. Title given to males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Syed/Sharifah in Perlis if suffixed by the royal clan name, is roughly equivalent to Prince or Princess. | |
| Shogun | Japanese military dictator, always a Samurai | |
| Sultan | Aceh, Brunei Darussalam, Java, Oman, Malaysia, Sultan is the title of seven (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor, and Terengganu) of the nine rulers of the Malay states. | |
| Sumeramikoto,Okimi | Japan, king | |
| Tengku | Malaysia, Tengku (also spelled Tunku in Johor), Negeri Sembilan and Kedah is roughly equivalent to Prince or Princess | |
| Emperor of Japan | Tennō or Mikado | Japan |
| Veyndhan, ko/Arasi | Tamil Nadu (India) | |
| Chinese nobility#Wang (King) and Huangdi (Emperor) | Wang | Chinese language>Chinese term wang 王. |
| List of Korean monarchs | Wang | The king of Korea that control over all of Korea. It is called 'Im-Geum-nym' or 'Im-Geum' |
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Monarch of Malaysia who is elected every five years by the reigning kings of the Malaysian constituent states, all of whom also serve as the only electoral candidates in each of the elections | |
| rowspan="23" | Europe | |
| Autocrator | Greek term for the Byzantine Emperor | |
| Ban (title) | Ban | Medieval Romania (Wallachia, Oltenia), Medieval Bosnia |
| Basileus | Greek King | |
| Despot (court title) | Despot | Medieval Romania, Serbia (originating from Byzantium) |
| Domn | Medieval Romania (Moldova, Wallachia) | |
| Fejedelem | Ancient/Medieval Hungarian | |
| Germanic king | ||
| Giray (disambiguation) | Giray | Crimean King |
| Imperator | The Ruler of Imperial Russia | |
| Jupan | Romania | |
| Kung | Sweden | |
| Kaiser | Imperial Germany | |
| Knyaz | Kievan Rus', Serbia, Bulgaria, Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Generally translated as "prince" or "duke". | |
| Kralj | Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia | |
| Kunigaikshtis (Kunigaikštis) | duke as in Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In official Old Belarusian language documentation the title has been Knyaz () or grand duke, Vialiki kniaz () | |
| Mbret | Albanian King | |
| Mepe/Dedopali | Georgian King, Queen | |
| Rí | Gaelic king. Also Ruiri (regional overking), Rí ruirech (provincial king of overkings), and Ard Rí (pre-eminent Rí ruirech) | |
| Tsar/Tsaritsa | Bulgaria, pre-imperial Russia, Serbia | |
| Vezér | Ancient Hungarian | |
| Voivode, Voievod | Romanians>Romanian Title | |
| Župan | Serbia, Croatia | |
| rowspan="7" | Middle-East | |
| Shah | Persian/Iranian and Afghanistan King | |
| Shahenshah | Persian/Iranian "King of Kings" or Emperor | |
| Sheikh | Arabic leader, King or Prince (Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE) | |
| Malik | Arabic King, (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan) | |
| Emir | Arabic Prince, (Kuwait, Qatar, UAE) | |
| Sultan/Sultana (title) | Sultana | Arabic King (Oman and Ottoman Empire) |
| rowspan="5" | Oceania | |
| Chieftain | Leader of a tribe or clan. | |
| Houeiki, fa'amatai | matai, alii, tūlafale, tavana, ariki, Patu-iki | Usually translated as "chief" in various Polynesian countries. |
| Mo'i | Normally translated as King, a title used by Hawaiian monarchs since unification in 1810. The last person to hold that title was Queen Lili'uokalani. | |
| Tui or Tui | Kings in Oceania: Tonga, Wallis and Futuna, Nauru | |
| rowspan="2" | South America | Imperador |
| Emperor/King | Emperor King of Holy Roman Columbian Empire. |
Current monarchs
Use of titles by non-sovereigns
It is not uncommon that people who are not generally seen as monarchs nevertheless use monarchical titles. There are four cases of this:
See also
References
External links
*Monarch * Category:Positions of authority Category:Titles Category:Greek loanwords
ar:عاهل an:Monarca az:Monarx zh-min-nan:Kun-chú be-x-old:Кароль bs:Monarh (naslov) bg:Монарх ca:Monarca cs:Panovník da:Monark de:Herrschertitel et:Monarh es:Monarca fa:شاه (واژه) fr:Monarque gl:Monarca ko:군주 io:Monarko id:Penguasa monarki is:Konungur it:Monarca he:מונרך ka:მეფე lt:Monarchas nl:Monarch (staatshoofd) ja:君主 no:Monark pl:Monarcha pt:Monarca ru:Монарх simple:Monarch sk:Panovník sl:Kralj sh:Monarh fi:Monarkki sv:Monark th:พระมหากษัตริย์ tr:Hükümdar uk:Монарх vec:Monarca zh:君主This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
