Immanence, derived from the Latin in manere - "to remain within" - refers to philosophical and metaphysical theories of divine presence, which hold that some divine being or essence manifests in and through all aspects of the material world. It is usually applied in monotheistic, pantheistic, or panentheistic faiths to suggest that the spiritual world permeates the non-spiritual, and often contrasts the idea of transcendence.

Immanence is generally associated with mysticism and mystical sects, but most religions have elements of both immanent and transcendent belief in their doctrines. Major faiths commonly devote significant philosophical efforts to explaining the relationship between immanence and transcendence, but these efforts run the gamut from casting immanence as a characteristic of a transcendent God (common in Abrahamic faiths) to subsuming transcendent 'personal' gods in a greater immanent being (Hindu Brahman) to approaching the question of transcendence as something which can only be answered through an appraisal of immanence (Buddhism, and some philosophical perspectives).

Immanence in religion

Immanence implies the omnipresence of a divine entity or essence. It is related to issues such as omnipotence and omniscience, but not all faiths consider the divine to be an 'actor' or a 'knower'.

Christianity

According to Christian theology the only transcendent, almighty, and holy God, who cannot be approached or seen in essence or being, becomes immanent primarily in the God-man Jesus the Christ, who is the incarnate Second Person of the Trinity. In Eastern Orthodox theology the immanence of God is expressed as the hypostases or energies of God, who in his essence is incomprehensible and transcendent. In Catholic theology, Christ and the Holy Spirit immanently reveal themselves; God the Father only reveals himself immanently vicariously through the Son and Spirit, and the Divine Nature, the Godhead is wholly transcendent and unable to be comprehended.

This is most famously expressed in St. Paul's letter to the Philippians, where he writes: :Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

See also

Immanentize the eschaton

Immanuel ("God is with us")

Plane of immanence

Substance (God is either transcendent or immanent, as is the case in Spinoza's philosophy)

Transcendence (philosophy), often considered as the opposite of immanence

External links

Catholic encyclopedia: Immanence

"Immanence and Deterritorialization: The Philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari"

"the culture of Immanence", Ricardo Barreto and Paula Perissinotto

Immanence/factbites

Category:Pantheism Category:Monism Category:Theology Category:Concepts in metaphysics Category:Mysticism Category:Christian terms

Position	Defence
Played for	Washington Capitals St. Louis BluesNew Jersey Devils
Shot	Left
Height ft	6
Height in	2
Weight lb	215
Ntl team	Canada
Birth date	April 01, 1964
Birth place	Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
Draft	5th overall
Draft year	1982
Draft team	Washington Capitals
Career start	1982
Career end	2004
Halloffame	2007

Ronald Scott Stevens (born April 1, 1964) is a retired professional ice hockey defenceman. Stevens played 22 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Washington Capitals, St. Louis Blues, and the New Jersey Devils. Although offensively capable, Stevens was largely known for his defensive play and his heavy body checking on opponents.

Stevens started his career with the Capitals, where he helped the team make the playoffs for the first time. After spending a season with the Blues, he was acquired by the Devils through arbitration. Personifying the team's defence-first mentality, he captained the Devils to four Stanley Cup Finals appearances in nine years, winning three of them. In 2000, he won the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player of the Stanley Cup playoffs. Despite his team success with the Devils, he never won the Norris Trophy as the league's best defenceman. His career came to an end after a slapshot hit his head and caused post-concussion syndrome. He was later inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007, his first year of eligibility. Stevens retired with the most games played by an NHL defenceman (1635 games), later to be passed by Chris Chelios. Stevens was also the quickest player in league history to reach 1,500 games played, playing in his 1,500th game at age 37 years, 11 months, 12 days. Stevens did not have a negative plus/minus in any of his 22 NHL seasons.

Early life

Stevens was born in Kitchener to Larry and Maria Stevens, the middle child of three brothers. All three Stevens brothers played hockey as children; older brother Geoff would later go on to be a scout for the New Jersey Devils, while Mike, the youngest, enjoyed a brief NHL career with several teams. Growing up near Toronto, he was a fan of the Maple Leafs, and idolized Leafs defenceman Börje Salming. One of his teammates was Markus Koch, who would go on to win a Super Bowl with the Washington Redskins. He eventually earned a spot on the Kitchener Junior B team, and passed on the opportunity to tour Czechoslovakia with the Kitchener midget team in order to play there.

The 1981–82 Kitchener Rangers were a team that featured several future NHL players. The defensive corps included Dave Shaw and Al MacInnis, Wendell Young was the team's starting goaltender, and the top scoring line on the team was Jeff Larmer, Brian Bellows, and Grant Martin. Stevens led all rookie defencemen in scoring, and he was named the second best defensive defenceman and second best body-checker in a poll of OHL coaches.

Washington Capitals

Stevens was taken fifth overall in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft by the Washington Capitals. Due to injuries to other players during training camp, Stevens made the team at 18 years old, and never played a game in the minor leagues. He scored 25 points in his debut season, and made the All-Rookie Team. In addition, he led all rookie defencemen in penalty minutes. He finished third in the voting for the Calder Memorial Trophy, which is awarded to the league's Rookie of the Year. He was also named the Capitals' Rookie of the Year. Stevens' debut with the Capitals coincided with the team's first playoff appearance, although they were eliminated in the first round by the New York Islanders. However, Stevens' personal success did not translate to the Capitals, who were eliminated in the second round of the playoffs by the Islanders. During this period, Stevens learned from veterans Rod Langway and defensive linemate Brian Engblom on the finer points of playing defence. Stevens spoke fondly of his time with the Capitals years later, saying:

The 1984–85 season would be a breakout year for Stevens. He set a team record for defencemen by scoring 16 power play goals, and tied a team record for goals by a defenceman with 21. His performance was good enough to land him a spot in the All-Star Game. Stevens would lead all Capitals defencemen in scoring for the first time, finishing the year with 21 goals and 44 assists, His offensive abilities and size made Murray consider moving him to winger. The Capitals finished second in the Patrick Division, but were out of the playoffs early again, this time courtesy of the Islanders. Before the next season, the Capitals acquired Dwight Schofield in the waiver draft. Schofield was known for his abilities as an enforcer, and his goal was to keep other teams' hitters away from Stevens and Langway, who were deemed too valuable to lose to penalties. The plan worked, as Stevens finished with 165 penalty minutes, the lowest in his career to that point. He added 15 goals and 38 assists that season as well. Despite missing three games with a broken right index finger, an injury he suffered against the Islanders, Stevens would finish the year third on the team in scoring with 61 points; his 51 assists were also good enough for second on the Capitals. The Caps were once again eliminated by the Islanders in the first round of the playoffs. Later that season, he would score at least one assist in eight consecutive games, setting another team record for defencemen. He finished the year second on the team in scoring with 12 goals and 60 assists for 72 points, tops among all Capitals blueliners. Stevens would suffer a shoulder injury in the first round of the playoffs against the Flyers, a series the Capitals would win. He returned in time for the Capitals' divisional finals against his future team, the New Jersey Devils. Despite tying a team record by posting four assists in Game 6 of the series,

The Capitals would win the Patrick Division in the 1988–89 season, and Stevens' 68 points (including a team-leading 61 assists) led Caps defencemen. He had 225 penalty minutes; this was the last time Stevens would have over 200 minutes in his career. The 1989–90 season saw mixed success for Stevens. Personally he struggled, as he was beset with injuries, including a broken foot that caused him to miss nearly two months. In addition, he was suspended for three games for gouging Chicago Blackhawks player Dave Manson in the eye during a fight. Stevens said he never hit Manson's eye, but that the eye hit Stevens' helmet during the fight. Missing a third of the season led to Stevens' lowest point total since his rookie year; he finished with just 11 goals and 29 assists for 40 points, although it was still second among Capitals defencemen.

Over eight seasons with the Capitals, Stevens finished with 98 goals and 429 points in 601 games. He also set team records (all since broken) for penalty minutes (1,630), games played by a defenceman (601), points by a defenceman (429), goals by a defenceman (98), assists by a defenceman (331), playoff games played (67), playoff points (53), playoff assists (44) and playoff goals by a defenceman (9).

St. Louis Blues

After eight seasons in Washington, Stevens felt it was time to move on. The St. Louis Blues courted him and offered a four-year deal worth $5.145 million. Since he was a restricted free agent, Washington had the option to match the offer sheet; they declined, however, and received five first-round picks as compensation.

Stevens' signing had far-reaching ramifications on player contracts in the NHL. At the time, the deal made him the highest-paid defenceman in the league. In addition, the deal included a $1.4 million signing bonus. Several defencemen considered superior players to Stevens, including Ray Bourque and Chris Chelios, were earning less money, and Capitals defenceman Kevin Hatcher held out until he received a contract similar to that of Stevens. General managers worried that these players would begin demanding bigger contracts. The players did end up asking for more money, and this escalation was one of the factors in the 1994–95 NHL lockout several seasons later.

After his arrival in St. Louis, Stevens was named captain of the Blues. He scored 5 goals and added 44 assists for 49 points, good enough for fifth on a team led by Brett Hull and Adam Oates. who, like Stevens the year before, was a restricted free agent, entitling the Devils to compensation. As per the collective bargaining agreement in effect at the time, this ordinarily would have been five first-round draft picks; however, the Blues had already given up these picks to the Washington Capitals for signing Stevens and still owed four to the Capitals. As such, other compensation had to be negotiated, and the Blues and Devils could not agree on what the compensation was; the Blues offered goalie Curtis Joseph, forward Rod Brind'Amour, and two draft picks, but the Devils only wanted Stevens. The case went to arbitration, and an arbitrator awarded Stevens to the Devils as compensation in September 1991. In addition, he was concerned about the apparent lack of unity in the organization, citing Muller's walkout as proof. Several Devils players were upset over the feeling that Stevens was being forced upon the team; some players, including Ken Daneyko, wanted more money, while other players wanted general manager Lou Lamoriello to trade Stevens. He would eventually report to the Devils three weeks later. He earned a spot on the All-Star roster for the second consecutive season, and would miss only one All-Star game for the remainder of his career as a Devil. The Devils would be taken out of the playoffs by their rival, the Rangers, in seven games. In the offseason, Stevens replaced Bruce Driver as team captain, a title he held until his retirement. his 12 goals and 45 assists still led all Devils defencemen in scoring, Stevens stepped up his offensive game in 1993–94. He posted 18 goals and 60 assists, good enough for the team lead and a career high in points. He won the NHL Plus-Minus Award, finishing with a +53; only Vladimir Konstantinov has led the league with a higher plus/minus rating since Stevens' win. The Devils made it all the way to the Conference Finals against the Rangers, where they fell in double overtime of Game 7.

After the 1993–94 season, Stevens was a potential free agent. Officials from the St. Louis Blues discussed a return to the team with him, and persuaded him to sign an offer sheet worth $17 million over four years on July 4, 1994. Devils general manager Lou Lamoriello felt the punishment was not enough; he wanted five first-round draft picks plus damages. Despite the investigation, there was no evidence that Stevens was aware of any wrongdoing.

After the 1995 season was delayed due to an owners' lockout, the Devils were off to a slow start, winning only 9 of their first 24 games. Stevens' reputation as a hard hitter was reinforced in Game 2, where he leveled Vyacheslav Kozlov with a body check that temporarily knocked him out of the game. The team, however, returned to a solid style of play, and finished the season atop the Atlantic Division, though they would be eliminated in the playoffs once again by the Hudson River rival New York Rangers. However, he suffered a hip pointer injury against the Tampa Bay Lightning, and missed several games. Stevens once again had a good defensive season, although his lack of scoring kept him out of consideration for the Norris Trophy.

2000–2004

The 1999–2000 Devils focused more on offense, which was reinforced by their 251 goals scored, good enough for second in the league. After finishing the season in fourth place in the conference, the Devils swept the Florida Panthers and defeated the Toronto Maple Leafs in six games. During the first period, Flyers star centre Eric Lindros was skating through the neutral zone with his head down, while being engaged by another defender. Stevens came all the way across the ice and leveled him with a hard body check, forcing Lindros out of the game with a concussion. Stevens had previously taken Flyers centre Daymond Langkow out with a concussion after game 2.

The Devils were keen to repeat as Stanley Cup champions at the start of the 2000–01 NHL season. Led by Patrik Eliáš' franchise-record of 96 points, and Alexander Mogilny's team-leading 43 goals, the team finished first in the conference. Stevens finished third in the voting for the Norris Trophy.

The next season, Stevens finished with his lowest scoring total in his career, The Devils, however, fell in the first round of the playoffs to the Hurricanes, who went on to lose to Detroit in the Stanley Cup finals. The Devils played well in the playoffs, knocking off Boston, Tampa Bay, and Ottawa to face the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the Finals. Stevens and the Devils had a minor scare in Game 3 of the semifinals against Tampa Bay when a slapshot from Pavel Kubina hit the side of his head and forced him to leave the game. Although there was uncertainty whether he would return for Game 4, Stevens in fact returned, and did not miss a game throughout the remainder of the playoffs. In Game 2 of the Finals, he set the record for most playoff games by a defenceman, breaking the record by his former coach, Larry Robinson. The Devils kept the Ducks scoreless in Game Seven, 3-0, to win their third Stanley Cup in nine years. Stevens' appearance in Game Seven tied Patrick Roy's record for appearances in Game Sevens, with 13. Unfortunately, he missed several games in January with the flu, and while he was out, he was diagnosed with post-concussion syndrome (which would eventually coerce him into retirement). Despite missing the second half of the season, he was still voted in as a starter for the Eastern Conference All-Star team. Scott Niedermayer filled in as captain in Stevens' absence, but the loss of Stevens, as well as Daneyko, who had retired before the season, was too much of a loss for the Devils' defence, and they fell to the Flyers in the first round of the playoffs.

International play

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In addition to his NHL career, Stevens represented Canada in several international ice hockey competitions. He attended summer camp with Team Canada prior to the 1983 World Junior Championships, but because of his commitment to the Capitals, he was unable to join the team. His first experience with the senior team was at the 1983 World Ice Hockey Championships, where he won a bronze medal. The following year he made the Canadian team for the 1984 Canada Cup, but he did not play. During the 1985 World Ice Hockey Championships, he scored a goal and added two assists as Canada finished with a silver medal. He played only two games during the 1987 tournament; Canada finished in fourth place. Two years later he scored two goals as Canada once again won the silver medal. During the tournament, he suffered a serious cut when Borje Salming's skate sliced his face; he would receive 88 stitches for the wound. He finally won international gold with Canada during the 1991 Canada Cup. Five years later, he played in the 1996 World Cup of Hockey, the successor to the Canada Cup. Finishing with two assists, Stevens won the silver medal; Canada finished in second place after giving up four goals in the final four minutes of the championship game against the American team. Stevens was honored by the Devils by becoming the first player in team history to have his number retired by the team; his #4 was raised to the rafters on February 3, 2006. Additionally, the Kitchener Rangers have retired #3 for Stevens.

Stevens was also remembered as a hard hitter, often leveling players who crossed an open part of the ice with their heads down. Among the victims of Stevens' body checks were Slava Kozlov, Eric Lindros, Paul Kariya, Shane Willis and Ron Francis, the last of whom was inducted with Stevens into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007. On the other hand, Kozlov did not blame Stevens for his hit, and said he was a clean player. Despite his penchant for hits, Stevens finished his career with only four elbowing penalties in the regular season. He was often credited with changing the momentum of a game not with a goal, but with a hard check, The couple have three children; Kaitlin, Ryan and Kara. He also enjoys duck hunting in his spare time, and is a fan of the Three Stooges. After the September 11, 2001 attacks, he started a program called Scott's Kids for the families of the victims.

Awards and achievements

1983- NHL All-Rookie Team

1988- NHL First All-Star Team

1992- NHL Second All-Star Team

1994- NHL First All-Star Team

1994- Alka-Seltzer Plus/Minus Award

1995- Stanley Cup Champions (New Jersey)

1997- NHL Second All-Star Team

2000- Stanley Cup Champions (New Jersey)

2000- Conn Smythe Trophy (Playoff MVP)

2001- NHL Second All-Star Team

2003- Stanley Cup Champions (New Jersey)

Played in thirteen NHL All-Star Games in 1985, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2003

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; width:50em" |- bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff" |   ! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |   ! colspan="6" | Regular season ! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |   ! colspan="6" | Playoffs |- bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! Season ! Team ! League ! GP ! G ! A ! Pts ! +/- ! PIM ! GP ! G ! A ! Pts ! +/- ! PIM |- | 1980–81 | Kitchener Rangers | OHL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1981–82 | Kitchener Rangers | OHL | 68 | 6 | 36 | 42 | — | 158 | 15 | 1 | 10 | 11 | — | 21 |- ALIGN="center" | 1982–83 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 77 | 9 | 16 | 25 | +14 | 195 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1983–84 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 78 | 13 | 32 | 45 | +26 | 201 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 21 |- ALIGN="center" | 1984–85 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 80 | 21 | 44 | 65 | +19 | 221 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | -4 | 11 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1985–86 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 73 | 15 | 38 | 53 | 0 | 165 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 0 | 12 |- ALIGN="center" | 1986–87 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 77 | 10 | 51 | 61 | +13 | 283 | 7 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 19 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1987–88 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 80 | 12 | 60 | 72 | +14 | 184 | 13 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 0 | 46 |- ALIGN="center" | 1988–89 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 80 | 7 | 61 | 68 | +1 | 225 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 5 | -2 | 11 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1989–90 | Washington Capitals | NHL | 56 | 11 | 29 | 40 | +1 | 154 | 15 | 2 | 7 | 9 | -1 | 25 |- ALIGN="center" | 1990–91 | St. Louis Blues | NHL | 78 | 5 | 44 | 49 | +23 | 150 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 3 | +8 | 36 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1991–92 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 68 | 17 | 42 | 59 | +24 | 124 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 3 | -5 | 29 |- ALIGN="center" | 1992–93 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 81 | 12 | 45 | 57 | +14 | 120 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 4 | -2 | 10 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1993–94 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 83 | 18 | 60 | 78 | +53 | 112 | 20 | 2 | 9 | 11 | -1 | 42 |- ALIGN="center" | 1994–95 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 48 | 2 | 20 | 22 | +4 | 56 | 20 | 1 | 7 | 8 | +10 | 24 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1995–96 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 82 | 5 | 23 | 28 | +7 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — |- ALIGN="center" | 1996–97 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 79 | 5 | 19 | 24 | +26 | 70 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 4 | -2 | 2 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1997–98 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 80 | 4 | 22 | 26 | +19 | 80 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | +4 | 8 |- ALIGN="center" | 1998–99 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 75 | 5 | 22 | 27 | +29 | 64 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 3 | -2 | 10 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1999–00 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 78 | 8 | 21 | 29 | +30 | 103 | 23 | 3 | 8 | 11 | +9 | 6 |- ALIGN="center" | 2000–01 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 81 | 9 | 22 | 31 | +40 | 71 | 25 | 1 | 7 | 8 | +3 | 37 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 2001–02 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 82 | 1 | 16 | 17 | +15 | 44 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +5 | 4 |- ALIGN="center" | 2002–03 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 81 | 4 | 16 | 20 | +18 | 41 | 24 | 3 | 6 | 9 | +14 | 14 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 2003–04 | New Jersey Devils | NHL | 38 | 3 | 9 | 12 | +3 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! colspan="3"|NHL totals ! 1635 ! 196 ! 712 ! 908 ! +393 ! 2785 ! 233 ! 26 ! 92 ! 118 ! +34 ! 378 |}

International play

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; width:50em" |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! Year ! Team ! Event ! GP ! G ! A ! Pts ! PIM ! Team result |- ALIGN="center" | 1983 | Canada | World Championship | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 8 | Bronze medal |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1985 | Canada | World Championship | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | Silver medal |- ALIGN="center" | 1987 | Canada | World Championship | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Fourth place |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1989 | Canada | World Championship | 7 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | Silver medal |- ALIGN="center" | 1991 | Canada | Canada Cup | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | Gold medal |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1996 | Canada | World Cup | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | Silver medal |- ALIGN="center" | 1998 | Canada | Olympic Games | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | Fourth place |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! colspan=3 | Totals ! 49 ! 4 ! 8 ! 12 ! 28 ! |}

All-Star Games

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; width:50em" |- align="center"; bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! Year ! Location ! rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |   ! G ! A ! P ! PIM |- align="center" | 1985 | Calgary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1989 | Edmonton | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |- align="center" | 1991 | Chicago | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1992 | Philadelphia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- align="center" | 1993 | Montreal | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1994 | NYR | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |- align="center" | 1996 | Boston | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1997 | San Jose | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |- align="center" | 1998 | Vancouver | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 1999 | Tampa Bay | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |-align="center" | 2000 | Toronto | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#f0f0f0" | 2001 | Colorado | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |-align="center" | 2003 | Florida | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! colspan=3 | All-Star totals ! 2 ! 8 ! 10 ! 0 |}

See also

List of family relations in the National Hockey League

List of NHL players with 1000 games played

List of NHL players with 2000 career penalty minutes

References

External links

Category:1964 births Category:Canadian ice hockey defencemen Category:Conn Smythe Trophy winners Category:Hockey Hall of Fame inductees Category:Ice hockey personnel from Ontario Category:Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics Category:Kitchener Rangers alumni Category:Living people Category:National Hockey League All-Stars Category:National Hockey League first round draft picks Category:National Hockey League players with retired numbers Category:New Jersey Devils coaches Category:New Jersey Devils players Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Canada Category:People from Kitchener, Ontario Category:St. Louis Blues players Category:Stanley Cup champions Category:Washington Capitals draft picks Category:Washington Capitals players Category:Canadian people of Slovak descent

Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz (Hebrew: עדין שטיינזלץ) or Adin Even Yisrael (Hebrew: עדין אבן ישראל) (born 1937) is most commonly known for his popular commentary and translation of both Talmuds into Hebrew, French, Russian and Spanish.

Steinsaltz is a noted rabbi, scholar, philosopher, social critic and author world wide whose background also includes extensive scientific training. In 1988, Time magazine praised him as a "once-in-a-millennium scholar."

In 1965, he founded the Israel Institute for Talmudic Publications and began his monumental translation to Hebrew, English, Russian, and various other languages. His edition of the Talmud includes his own explanation of the text and a complete commentary on the Talmud. Steinsaltz first translates the Talmud into Modern Hebrew from the original Aramaic and rabbinical Hebrew and adds his explanations, the other language editions are translations of the Hebrew. The only rival to Steinsaltz is Artscroll's similarly popular Schottenstein Edition Talmud (translated first into English and then other languages). The Babylonian Talmud translation was completed in late 2010. While not without criticism (e.g. by Neusner, 1998), the Steinsaltz edition is widely used throughout Israel, the United States and the world. Over 2 million volumes of the Steinsaltz Talmud have been distributed to date. The out of print Random House publication of is widely regarded as the most accurate and least redacted of any English language edition and is sought after on that basis by scholars and collectors. Controversial Talmud passages previously obscured, omitted entirely or confined to footnotes in English translations like the Soncino Talmud, receive full exposition in the Steinsaltz Talmud. Random House halted publication of the Steinsaltz Talmud after less than one-third of the English translation had been published. The reasons for halting publication by Random House are disputed.

His translation of the Talmud from Aramaic (or rabbinical Hebrew to Modern Hebrew) has increased the number of people who are able to study its content. His translation opened the door for women who traditionally are not taught Talmud, and are therefore not proficient in Aramaic, to study the Talmud. Modern Orthodox High Schools and Seminaries teach women Talmud using his translation. The number of men capable of studying Talmud also increased as a result of Steinzaltz' work.

Regarding the access that his work provides, Steinsaltz says:

:“I never thought that spreading ignorance has any advantage, except for those who are in a position of power and want to deprive others of their rights and spread ignorance in order to keep them underlings. My gemarot are surely used, if they are used anywhere, in Matan [a yeshiva for Orthodox women in Jerusalem], from beginning to end. Why? Because they help skip the elementary school level of training. That makes learning Talmud for them possible, and if it is possible then it is challenging and some of the men don’t want that challenge.”

The Rabbi’s classic work of Kabbalah, The Thirteen Petalled Rose, was first published in 1980 and now appears in eight languages. In all, Rabbi Steinsaltz has authored some 60 books and hundreds of articles on subjects including Talmud, Jewish mysticism, Jewish philosophy, sociology, historical biography, and philosophy. Many of these works have been translated into English by his close personal friend, now deceased, Yehuda Hanegbi.

Continuing his work as a teacher and spiritual mentor, Rabbi Steinsaltz established a network of schools and educational institutions in Israel and the former Soviet Union. He has served as scholar in residence at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. and the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. His honorary degrees include doctorates from Yeshiva University, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Bar Ilan University, Brandeis University, and Florida International University. Rabbi Steinsaltz is also Rosh Yeshiva of Yeshivat Hesder Tekoa, and functions as Nasi in an attempt to revive the Sanhedrin.

Being a follower of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson of Chabad-Lubavitch, he went to help Jews in the Soviet Union assisting Chabad's shluchim network. Deeply involved in the future of the Jews in the former Soviet Union, Steinsaltz serves as the region's Duchovny Ravin, a historic Russian title which indicates that he is the spiritual mentor of Russian Jewry. In this capacity, Steinsaltz travelled to Russia and the Republics once each month from his home in Jerusalem. During his time in the former Soviet Union he founded the Jewish University, both in Moscow and Saint Petersburg. The Jewish University is the first degree-granting institution of Jewish studies ever established in the former Soviet Union.

He has conducted interfaith work with several Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church.

Rabbi Steinsaltz and his wife live in Jerusalem, and have three children and eleven grandchildren. His son, Rabbi Menachem Even-Israel, is the Director of Educational Programs at the Steinsaltz Center in the Nachlaot neighborhood of Jerusalem.

As a speaker

Steinsaltz is a popular University and radio commentator. He has been invited to speak at the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies at Yale University in 1979. In Jerusalem, he gives evening seminars, which according to Newsweek usually last till 2 in the morning, and have attracted prominent politicians as the former Prime Minister Levi Eshkol and former Finance Minister Pinhas Sapir.

As Head of the new Sanhedrin

Rabbi Steinsaltz accepted a position as Nasi (President) of a recent attempt to revive the Sanhedrin. In 2008 he resigned from this position due to differences of opinion.

Awards

In 1988, Rabbi Steinsaltz was awarded the Israel Prize, for Jewish studies.

See also

List of Israel Prize recipients

Modern attempts to revive the Sanhedrin

References

External links

Steinsaltz.org - The website of The Aleph Society and Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz

Steinsaltz's lecture in winter 2005 at Florida International University

Rabbi Steinsaltz talks about the Torah to BBC (sound file)

Some articles written by Rabbi Adin Even-Yisrael Steinsaltz

Category:1937 births Category:Living people Category:Jews in Ottoman and British Palestine Category:People from Jerusalem Category:Israeli Jews Category:Hasidic rosh yeshivas Category:Israel Prize in Jewish studies recipients Category:Israel Prize Rabbi recipients Category:Talmud Category:Translators to French Category:Translators to Spanish Category:Talmudists Category:Chabad-Lubavitch rabbis Category:Judaism-related controversies Category:Baalei teshuva Category:Israeli socialists Category:Israeli translators Category:Israeli non-fiction writers Category:Israeli educators