name	Bari
official name	Comune di Bari
image shield	Bari-Stemma.png
coordinates display	title
region	Puglia
province	Bari (BA)
mayor party	Democratic Party
mayor	Michele Emiliano
area total km2	116
population total	320.475
population as of	31 December 2010
population demonym	Baresi
elevation m	5
saint	Saint Nicholas
day	May 8
postal code	70121-70132
area code	080
website
footnotes	}}

Bari (Bari dialect: ''Bàre''; from Latin: ''Barium'') is the capital city of the province of Bari and of the Apulia (or, in Italian, ''Puglia'') region, on the Adriatic Sea, in Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy after Naples, and is well known as a port and university city, as well as the city of Saint Nicholas. The city itself has a decreasing population of about 320,000, as of 2009, over 116 km², while the fast-growing urban area counts 653,028 inhabitants over 203 km². The metropolitan area counts 1,000,000 million inhabitants over .

Bari is made up of four different urban sections. To the north is the closely built old town on the peninsula between two modern harbours, with the splendid Basilica of Saint Nicholas, the Cathedral of San Sabino (1035–1171) and the Swabian Castle built for Frederick II, which is now also a major nightlife district. To the south is the Murat quarter (erected by Joachim Murat), the modern heart of the city, which is laid out on a rectangular grid-plan with a promenade on the sea and the major shopping district (the ''via Sparano'' and ''via Argiro'').

Modern residential zones surround the centre of Bari, the result of chaotic development during the 1960s and 1970s replacing the old suburbs that had developed along roads splaying outwards from gates in the city walls. In addition, the outer suburbs have developed rapidly during the 1990s. The city has a redeveloped airport named after Pope John Paul II, Karol Wojtyła Airport, with connections to several European cities.

History

Ancient

The city was probably founded by the Peucetii. Once it passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC, it developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade; a branch road to Tarentum led from Barium. Its harbour, mentioned as early as 181 BC, was probably the principal one of the district in ancient times, as it is at present, and was the centre of a fishery. The first historical Bishop of Bari was Gervasius who was noted at the Council of Sardica in 347. The bishops were dependent on the Patriarch of Constantinople until the 10th century.

Middle Ages

After the devastations of the Gothic Wars, under Lombard rule a set of written regulations was established, the ''Consuetudines Barenses'', which influenced similar written constitutions in other southern cities.

Until the arrival of the Normans, Bari continued to be governed by the Byzantines, with only occasional interruption. Throughout this period, and indeed throughout the Middle Ages, Bari served as one of the major slave depots of the Mediterranean, providing a central location for the trade in Slavic slaves. The slaves were mostly captured by Venice from Dalmatia, the Holy Roman Empire from what is now Prussia and Poland, and the Byzantines from elsewhere in the Balkans, and were generally destined for other parts of the Byzantine Empire and (most frequently) the Muslim states surrounding the Mediterranean: the Abbasid Caliphate, the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba, the Emirate of Sicily, and the Fatimid Caliphate (which relied on Slavs purchased at the Bari market for its legions of Sakalaba Mamluks).

For a brief period of 20 years, Bari was captured by Islamic invaders and became the Emirate of Bari under the emir Kalfun in 847. The city was soon reconquered by the Byzantines in 871. In 885, it became the residence of the local Byzantine ''catapan'', or governor. The failed revolt (1009–1011) of the Lombard nobles Melus of Bari and his brother-in-law Dattus, against the Byzantine governorate, though it was firmly repressed at the Battle of Cannae (1018), offered their Norman adventurer allies a first foothold in the region. In 1025, under the Archbishop Byzantius, Bari became attached to the see of Rome and was granted "provincial" status.

In 1071, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard, following a three-year siege. Maio of Bari (d. 1160), a Lombard merchant's son, was the third of the great admirals of Norman Sicily. The Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087 to receive the relics of this saint, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia, in Byzantine territory. The saint began his development from Saint Nicholas of Myra into Saint Nicholas of Bari and began to attract pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. In 1095 Peter the Hermit preached the first crusade there. In October 1098, Urban II, who had consecrated the Basilica in 1089, convened the Council of Bari, one of a series of synods convoked with the intention of reconciling the Greeks and Latins on the question of the filioque clause in the Creed, which Anselm ably defended, seated at the pope's side. The Greeks were not brought over to the Latin way of thinking, and the Great Schism was inevitable.

A civil war broke out in Bari in 1117 with the murder of the archbishop, Riso. Control of Bari was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, and he was elected lord in opposition to the Normans. By 1123, he had increased ties with Byzantium and Venice and taken the title ''gratia Dei et beati Nikolai barensis princeps''. Grimoald increased the cult of St Nicholas in his city. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.

Bari was occupied by Manuel I Komnenos between 1155–1158. In 1246, Bari was sacked and razed to the ground; Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, repaired the fortress of Baris but it was subsequently destroyed several times. Bari recovered each time.

Early modern period

Isabella di Aragona, princess of Naples and widow of the Duke of Milan Gian Galeazzo Sforza, enlarged the castle, which she made her residence, 1499–1524. After the death of Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland, Bari came to be included in the Kingdom of Naples and its history contracted to a local one, as malaria became endemic in the region. Bari was wakened from its provincial somnolence by Napoleon's brother-in-law Joachim Murat. As Napoleonic King of Naples, Murat ordered the building in 1808 of a new section of the city, laid out on a rational grid plan, which bears his name today as the ''Murattiano''. Under this stimulus, Bari developed into the most important port city of the region. The legacy of Mussolini can be seen in the imposing architecture along the seafront.

The 1943 chemical warfare disaster

Through a tragic coincidence intended by neither of the opposing sides in World War II, Bari gained the unwelcome distinction of being the only European city to experience chemical warfare in the course of that war.

On the night of December 2, 1943, German Junkers Ju 88 bombers attacked the port of Bari, which was a key supply centre for Allied forces fighting their way up the Italian Peninsula. Several Allied ships were sunk in the overcrowded harbour, including the U.S. Liberty ship ''John Harvey'', which was carrying mustard gas; mustard gas was also reported to have been stacked on the quayside awaiting transport. The chemical agent was intended for use if German forces initiated chemical warfare. The presence of the gas was highly classified, and authorities ashore had no knowledge of it. This increased the number of fatalities, since physicians—who had no idea that they were dealing with the effects of mustard gas—prescribed treatment proper for those suffering from exposure and immersion, which proved fatal in many cases. Because rescuers were unaware they were dealing with gas casualties, many additional casualties were caused among the rescuers through contact with the contaminated skin and clothing of those more directly exposed to the gas.

On the orders of allied leaders Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Dwight D. Eisenhower, records were destroyed and the whole affair was kept secret for many years after the war. The U.S. records of the attack were declassified in 1959, but the episode remained obscure until 1967. Indeed, even today, many ''"Baresi"'' are still unaware of what happened and why. Additionally, there is considerable dispute as to the number of fatalities. In one account: "[S]ixty-nine deaths were attributed in whole or in part to the mustard gas, most of them American merchant seamen;" Others put the count as high as, "more than one thousand Allied servicemen and more than one thousand Italian civilians." Part of the confusion and controversy derives from the fact that the German attack, which became nicknamed "The Little Pearl Harbor" after the Japanese air attack on the American naval base in Hawaii, was highly destructive and lethal in itself, apart from the effects of the gas. Attribution of the causes of death to the gas, as distinct from the direct effects of the German attack, has proved far from easy.

The affair is the subject of two books: ''Disaster at Bari'', by Glenn B. Infield, and ''Nightmare in Bari: The World War II Liberty Ship Poison Gas Disaster and Coverup'', by Gerald Reminick.

The Balkan Air Force supporting the partisans in Yugoslavia was based at Bari.

Language

Bari, while today an industrialised port and university city, still maintains strong traditions based on its patron Saint Nicholas. Bari is known throughout Italy for its unique, often crude, spoken dialect, particularly in the Old Town, parts of which originated from a pidgin between Italian and Greek fishermen in the past, and which fishermen in Greece can still understand today.

Main sights

Basilica of Saint Nicholas

The ''Basilica di San Nicola'' (Saint Nicholas) was founded in 1087 to receive the relics of this saint, which were brought from Myra in Lycia, and now lie beneath the altar in the crypt, where are buried the Topins, which are a legacy of old thieves converted to good faith. The church is one of the four Palatine churches of Apulia (the others being the cathedrals of Acquaviva delle Fonti and Altamura, and the church of Monte Sant'Angelo sul Gargano).

Bari Cathedral

Bari Cathedral, dedicated to Saint Sabinus of Canosa (''San Sabino''), was begun in Byzantine style in 1034, but was destroyed in the sack of the city of 1156. A new building was thus built between 1170–1178, partially inspired by that of San Nicola. Of the original edifice, only traces of the pavement are today visible in the transept.

An important example of Apulian Romanesque architecture, the church has a simple Romanesque façade with three portals; in the upper part is a rose window decorated with monstruous and fantasy figures. The interior has a nave and two aisles, divided by sixteen columns with arcades. The crypt houses the relics of Saint Sabinus and the icon of the ''Madonna Odigitria''.

The interior and the façade were redecorated in Baroque style during the 18th century, but these additions were removed in a 1950s restoration.

Petruzzelli Theatre

The Petruzzelli Theatre is one of the grandest opera houses in Italy after La Scala in Milan and the San Carlo Theatre in Naples. Host to many famous opera and ballet greats throughout the 20th century, before the big arson of 27 October 1991, which destroyed it nearly all. The last 4 October 2009, after 18 years, the theatre was reopened.

Swabian Castle

The Norman-Hohenstaufen Castle, widely known as the ''Castello Svevo'' (Swabian Castle), was built by Roger II of Sicily around 1131. Destroyed in 1156, it was rebuilt by Frederick II of Hohenstaufen. The castle now serves as a gallery for a variety of temporary exhibitions in the city.

Pinacoteca Provinciale di Bari

The Pinacoteca Provinciale di Bari (Provincial Pinacotheca in Bari) is the most important paintings museum in Puglia. It was established in 1928 and there are kept many important paintings from the 15th century to the contemporary art.

The Russian Church

The Russian Church, in the Carrassi district of Bari, was built in the early 20th century to welcome Russian pilgrims who came to the city to visit the church of Saint Nicholas in the old city where the relics of the saint remain.

Built on a large area of council-owned land, the city council and Italian national government were recently involved in a trade-off with the Putin government in Moscow, exchanging the piece of land on which the church stands, for, albeit indirectly, a military barracks near Bari's central railway station. The hand over was seen as building bridges between the Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches.

''Barivecchia''

''Barivecchia'', or Old Bari, is a sprawl of streets and passageways making up the section of the city to the north of the modern Murat area. Barivecchia was until fairly recently considered a no-go area by many of Bari's residents due to the high levels of petty crime. A large-scale redevelopment plan beginning with a new sewerage system and followed by the development of the two main squares, Piazza Mercantile and Piazza Ferrarese has seen the opening of many pubs and other venues. This has been welcomed by many who claim that the social life of the city, and in particular the experience for tourists in Bari, has been improved and that jobs and revenue have been created. Others point out the effects of late-night noise in the enclosed squares and criticise development based mainly on pubs and other such premises.

Se Parigi avesse il mare, sarebbe una piccola Bari’ (if Paris had the sea, it would be a little Bari). This popular saying tells you more about the local sense of humour than it does about the city, but Bari has a surprising amount of charm, particularly Barivecchia, its increasingly chic medieval old town.

Other

''Teatro Petruzzelli''.

''Teatro Margherita''.

''Teatro Piccinni''.

''Orto Botanico dell'Università di Bari'', a botanical garden.

''Santa Chiara'', once church of the Teutonic Knights (as ''Santa maria degli Alemanni'') and now closed. It was restored in 1539.

The build of Acquedotto Pugliese

The medieval church of San Marco dei Veneziani, with a notable rose window in the façade.

''San Giorgio degli Armeni''.

''Santa Teresa dei Maschi'', the main Baroque church in the city (1690–1696).

''Pane e Pomodoro ''Beach is the main beach within reach of the city. Its reputation has for several years suffered from the apparent presence of asbestos from nearby industrial plants.

The eastern seafront skyline of Bari had, until spring 2006, been dominated by the monsterous apartment complex known as ''Punta Perotti'' – a creation of the Matarrese construction empire. Clearly in violation of several fundamental Italian building regulations, Punta Perotti became the focus of a political and environmental movement calling for its demolition. After years of legal wrangling between the Matarrese firm, Bari Council and environmental groups such as Save the Earth, the court ruled in favour of its demolition and thousands gathered on the Bari seafront in April 2006 to see the event.

The grid-shaped Murat city Centre of Bari is said to be the largest shopping centre in all of Italy and contains a large number of high street stores and smaller shops with particular attention to high fashion and tailoring. Bari has recently seen a proliferation of out of town hypermarkets with all manner of shops and superstores attached to them.

Bari features two sea harbours: the Old Port as well as the New Port. The latter was constructed in 1850 and can accommodate any kind of ship—including large cargo laden vessels. It can also handle any type of traffic.

Geography

Quarters

{| style="width:70%;" class="wikitable" border="1" |- ! width=10% | Municipality ! width=60% | Quarters |- |align="center"|I||align="center"|Palese Macchie & Santo Spirito-Catino-San Pio |- |align="center"|II||align="center"|San Paolo & Stanic |- |align="center"|III||align="center"|Picone & Poggiofranco |- |align="center"|IV||align="center"|Carbonara-Santa Rita, Ceglie del Campo & Loseto |- |align="center"|V||align="center"|Japigia, Torre a Mare & San Giorgio |- |align="center"|VI||align="center"|Carrassi, San Pasquale & Mungivacca |- |align="center"|VII||align="center"|Madonnella |- |align="center"|VIII||align="center"|Libertà & Marconi-San Girolamo-Fesca |- |align="center"|IX||align="center"|Murat & San Nicola |} Shown above are the twenty quarters of Bari: these twenty neighbourhoods or "quartiere" as they are known, are further divided into nine governmental community boards.

Climate

Bari enjoys a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with mild winters and warm to hot, dry summers. Snowfall in winter is possible. During the summer of 2008 temperatures reached as high as .

Fiera del Levante

The Fiera del Levante is said to be the largest trade fair in the Adriatic and involves exhibitions from many sectors and industries. Held in September in the Fiera site on the west side of Bari city center, the Fiera attracts many exhibitors from Italy, around the Mediterranean, its trade corridors to the east and beyond. Mainly focused on agriculture and industry, there are also stalls, exhibitions and presentations by a wide variety of companies and organizations in many fields. There is also a "Fair of Nations" which displays handcrafted and locally produced goods from all over the world.

This year's Fiera also saw an "Expo Fishing" which brought together fishing methods, tackle and know-how from across the Mediterranean.

Cuisine and gastronomy

Bari's cuisine, one of Italy's most traditional and noteworthy, is based on three typical agricultural products found within the surrounding Puglia region, namely wheat, olive oil and wine. Bari cuisine is also enriched by the wide variety of fruit and vegetables produced locally. Local flour is used in homemade bread and pasta production including, most notably, the famous ''orecchiette'' hat-shaped pasta, ''recchietelle'' or ''strascinate'', ''chiancarelle'' (orecchiette of different sizes) and ''cavatelli''.

Homemade dough is also used for baked ''calzoni'' stuffed with onions, anchovies, capers and olives; fried ''panzerotti'' with mozzarella, simple ''focaccia alla barese'' with tomatoes, little savoury ''taralli'', friselle and ''sgagliozze'', fried slices of polenta all make up the Bari culinary reportoire.

Olive oil and garlic are widely in use. Vegetable minestrone, chick peas, broad beans, chickory, celery and fennel are also often served as first courses or side dishes.

Meat dishes and the local Barese ''ragù'' often include lamb, pork and often horse meat, considered something of a local delicacy.

Pasta ''al forno'', a baked pasta dish, is very popular in Bari and was historically a Sunday dish, or a dish used at the start of Lent when all the rich ingredients such as eggs and pork had to be used for religious reasons. The recipe commonly consists of ''penne'' or similar tubular pasta shapes, a tomato sauce, small beef and pork meatballs and halved hard boiled eggs; but different families have variations. The pasta is then topped with ''mozzarella'' or similar cheese and then baked in the oven to make the dish have its trademark crispy texture.

Bari, being the capital of an important fishing area, offers a range of fresh fish and seafood, often eaten raw. Octopus, sea urchins and mussels feature heavily. Indeed, perhaps Bari's most famous dish is the oven-baked ''Riso, patate e cozze'' (rice, with potatoes and mussels).

Bari and its province, not to mention the Puglia region, have a range of notable wines including Primitivo, Castel del Monte and Moscato di Trani.

Administrative divisions

Bari is separated into nine administrative divisions:

I: Palese Macchie, Santo Spirito, Catino, San Pio

II: San Paolo, Stanic

III: Picone, Poggiofranco

IV: Carbonara, Santa Rita, Ceglie del Campo, Loseto

V: Japigia, Torre a Mare, San Giorgio

VI: Carrassi, San Pasquale, Mungivacca

VII: Madonnella

VIII: Libertà, Marconi, San Girolamo, Fesca

IX: Murat, San Nicola

Sport

Local football club A.S. Bari, currently competing in Serie A, plays in the impressive Stadio San Nicola, an architecturally innovative 58,000-seater stadium purpose-built for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The stadium also hosted the 1991 European Cup Final.

Demographics

In 2007, there were 325,052 people residing in Bari (in which slightly 1.6 million live in the greater Bari area), located in the province of Bari, Puglia, of whom 48.1% were male and 51.9% were female. Minors (children ages 18 and younger) totalled 17.90 percent of the population compared to pensioners who number 19.08 percent. This compares with the Italian average of 18.06 percent (minors) and 19.94 percent (pensioners). The average age of Bari residents is 42 compared to the Italian average of 42. In the five years between 2002 and 2007, the population of Bari grew by 2.69 percent, while Italy as a whole grew by 3.56 percent. The current birth rate of Bari is 8.67 births per 1,000 inhabitants compared to the Italian average of 9.45 births.

As of 2006, 98.34% of the population was of Italian descent. The largest immigrant group came from other European nations (particularly those from Albania and Greece): 0.68% and East Africa: 0.42%. Immigrants from North Africa and East Asia make up an even smaller portion of the population.

People associated with Bari

Giovanni Alemanno

Anna Dello Russo

Emanuele Arciuli

Lino Banfi

Pope Benedict XIII

Gianrico Carofiglio

Antonio Cassano

Riccardo Cucciolla

Niccolò dell'Arca

Franco Giordano

Ivan Iusco

Gaetano Latilla

Michele Antonio Iannuzzi

Guido Marzulli

Antonio Matarrese

Gianvito Amoruso

Domenico Modugno

Aldo Moro

Joe Orlando

Anna Oxa

Pino Pascali

Nico Perrone

Niccolò Piccinni (1728–1800)

Fabio Mastrangelo

Sergio Rubini

Gaetano Salvemini

Bona Sforza

Pope Urban VI

Nichi Vendola

Mario Nuzzolese

Pietro Leonida Laforgia

International relations

Twin towns—Sister cities

Bari is twinned with:

	* Baalbek, Lebanon	Batumi, Georgia (country)>Georgia	* Guangzhou, People's Republic of China	* Mar del Plata, Argentina	* Durrës, Albania		Corfu, Greece	* Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina	* Patras, Greece	* Bandung, Indonesia	* Sumqayıt, Azerbaijan

In popular culture

Bari is mentioned in the 1995 film ''The Bridges of Madison County'' starring Clint Eastwood and Meryl Streep. In the film Francesca tells Robert that she comes from a town nobody ever heard of called Bari. But he tells her that he has been to Bari and that he got off the train at Bari because it looked pretty.

See also

Antivari (means 'opposite Bari')

Bari International Airport

Bari Centrale railway station

Province of Bari

Basilica di San Nicola (Bari)

Polytechnic University of Bari

University of Bari

References

Further reading

Vito Antonio Melchiorre. 2001. ''Note storiche su Bari''.

Glenn B. Infield. 1973. ''Disaster at Bari''. Ace Books. New York, N.Y.

External links

Site of AQP S.p.A. - Acquedotto Pugliese S.p.A.

City of Bari

Province of Bari

Region of Apulia

Bari Karol Wojtyla Airport

University of Bari

Polytechnic of Bari

Niccolò Piccinni Music Conservatory

AS Bari Football Club

AMTAB – Urban Transport company

Petruzzelli and Theaters of Bari Lyrical Symphonic Foundation

Teatro Pubblico Pugliese (Apulian Public Theater)

Fiera del Levante Exhibition Centre

Worldfacts: "Bari, Italy"

''Catholic Encyclopedia''; "Bari"

Port of Bari Video Introduction

Historical library: House of Nemanja and St Nicole in Bari

Category:Ancient Greek cities Category:Cities and towns in Apulia Category:Coastal cities and towns in Italy Category:Mediterranean port cities and towns in Italy Category:Port cities and towns of the Adriatic Sea

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playername	Andrea Masiello
dateofbirth	February 05, 1986
cityofbirth	Viareggio
countryofbirth	Italy
height
position	Right back, Centre back
currentclub	Atalanta
clubnumber	25
youthclubs1	Lucchese
youthyears2	2003–2005
youthclubs2	Juventus
years1	2003 | caps1 2 | goals1 0 | clubs1 Lucchese
years2	2005–2006 | caps2 1 | goals2 0 | clubs2 Juventus
years3	2005–2006 | caps3 39 | goals3 1 | clubs3 → Avellino (loan)
years4	2006–2007 | caps4 0 | goals4 0 | clubs4 Siena
years5	2007–2008 | caps5 19 | goals5 1 | clubs5 Genoa
years6	2008 | caps6 20 | goals6 0 | clubs6 → Bari (loan)
years7	2008–2011 | caps7 112 | goals7 3 | clubs7 Bari
years8	2011– | caps8 0 | goals8 0 | clubs8 Atalanta
nationalyears1	2004
nationalteam1	Italy U18
nationalcaps1	2
nationalgoals1	0
nationalyears2	2004–2005
nationalteam2	Italy U19
nationalcaps2	16
nationalgoals2	0
nationalyears3	2005–2006
nationalteam3	Italy U20
nationalcaps3	3
nationalgoals3	0
club-update	end of 2010-11 seasn
nationalteam-update	}}

Andrea Masiello (born 5 February 1986) is an Italian footballer. He plays for Atalanta.

Football career

Juventus

A graduate of Juventus youth system, he made his Serie A debut at Juventus F.C., losing to Inter, 0–1 in home legs, 20 April 2005.

Masiello was on loan to Avellino of Serie B in 2005, along with Boudianski, where he played 41 times in Serie B and playoffs but did not avoid the relegation.

Genoa

Juventus faced 2006 Italian football scandal and forced to play in Serie B. Thus, the squad faced clearance in order to improve the financial condition. Masiello, along with Abdoulay Konko and Giovanni Bartolucci were now joint-owned by Siena of Serie A and Juventus, which valued Masiello €1.25 million, Konko €1million and Bartolucci for undisclosed fee.

After scoring no presence in the first half of the 2006 season, Juventus sold its 50% rights of Masiello and Konko to Genoa on 25 January 2007, (which previously owned by Siena and Juventus, after became Genoa and Siena) worth for €2.25million, for part of the deal of Domenico Criscito permanent transfer. He played 15 times and won promotion along with team-mate.

Genoa decided to sign Masiello and Konko permanently at the end of season, for undisclosed fee (with Fernando Forestieri moved to Siena for €1.7 million in co-ownership deal), but after played 4 times, he was loan back to Serie B for A.S. Bari.

Bari

Masiello jointed Bari in join-ownership bid after 2007–08 season. He won Serie B champion in 2009 and the club decided to buy him outright. After the injuries of Andrea Ranocchia, he moved to centre-back from right-back. A.Masiello was the absolute starter in 2009–10 Serie A season.

After the departure of Ranocchia and Leonardo Bonucci, Bari failed to sign quality replacement. At first he was the centre-back as the team signed right-back Andrea Raggi, but in mid-season he was moved back to right-back. In January 2011 Bari signed centre-back Kamil Glik and after the departure of coach Giampiero Ventura, A.Masiello remained as the starting right-back and Nicola Belmonte became the usual centre-back under Bortolo Mutti. Bari preformed poorly in both attack and defence that season, and the team finished as the bottom and relegated to Serie B.

On 15 May 2011 in the 35 'of the second half of the derby Bari-Lecce, he deflects a shot of the attacker's Jeda, destined to go out and score the own goal that gives the victory and salvation to ''giallorossi'' Salentini.

Atalanta

On 26 July 2011 he was presented as a new player of Serie A team Atalanta B.C..

Honours

Serie B: 2009

References

External links

La Gazzetta

http://www.figc.it/nazionali/DettaglioConvocato?codiceConvocato=2810&squadra;=11

http://aic.football.it/scheda/12899

Category:1986 births Category:Living people Category:People from Viareggio Category:Italian footballers Category:A.S. Lucchese-Libertas players Category:Juventus F.C. players Category:U.S. Avellino players Category:A.C. Siena players Category:Genoa C.F.C. players Category:A.S. Bari players Category:Serie A footballers Category:Serie B footballers Category:Association football defenders

ar:أندريا مازييلو de:Andrea Masiello fr:Andrea Masiello it:Andrea Masiello pl:Andrea Masiello sv:Andrea Masiello

Name	Panjabi MC
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Rajinder Singh Rai
Origin	Coventry, England
Birth date	February 14, 1970
Genre	Turntablism, Bhangra, Hip-hop, Downtempo
Occupation	Musician
Years active	1993–present
Label	Superstar Recordings (Germany) Urban Records PMC Records (UK) Universal (India)
Associated acts	Jay-Z, Twista, Snap!, Labh Janjua
Website	Official website }}

Rajinder Singh Rai (Punjabi: ਰਜਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ; born 14 February 1970 in Coventry, England), better known by his stage name Panjabi MC is a British Indian musician.

Career

Rajinder Singh adopted his stage name from the Punjabi language he used in the music he plays and raps. "One of [his] main goals is to fuse the two worlds [of bhangra and hip-hop]."

Nachural Records signed Panjabi MC following a remix of Kuldeep Manak's "Ghariah Milan De". Although the single was taken off the market, Panjabi MC continued making records. Another successful release was "Mundian To Bach Ke" ("Beware of the Boys") (1998; it first appeared on the album ''Legalised'') which mixed the theme of the TV series ''Knight Rider'' with bhangra. An underground hit on the internet, it was picked up by the German record label Superstar Recordings, and became a hit in Germany and across Europe, including the UK. A version of this recording in 2003 featured American rapper Jay-Z named "Beware of the Boys".

His work, particularly the early singles and the "Mundian To Bach Ke" remix with Jay-Z, brought bhangra to a global audience via the BBC. He continues to produce music and is ever popular as a collaborator and remixer. In 2004 he made music called Mirza and mixed this song with Turkish singer Mustafa Sandal's Isyankar, but they did not release the mixed version.

His album ''Indian Timing'' was released in 2008.

His music video "Snake Charmer" was screened at Deejay Ra's music video night in Toronto at the FILMI festival, North America's longest running South Asian film festival.

Sampling

On "Indian Timing", Panjabi MC uses vocal samples from Ofra Haza's "Im Nin'Alu". He used "Planet Rock" ("Pyar Wich (Planet Rock Remix)" on ''Legalised'') before Afrika Bambaataa recorded "Indian Planet Rock". On “''Jatt Ho Giya Sharabee''”, Panjabi MC uses the theme music from the TV show ''Magnum, P.I.'' "Mundian To Bach Ke" (along with the subsequent remix version featuring Jay-Z, "Beware of the Boys") uses the bassline from the television show ''Knight Rider''.

Television work

In 2001, Panjabi MC made his Canadian premiere at the Payal Banquet Hall in Mississauga (Ontario). Deejay Ra hosted a TV special covering the event entitled "The Bhangramentary", which was aired on the Asian Television Network (ATN). His single, "Jatt Ho Giya Sharabee", from ''Beware'', was featured on the television show ''Heroes'' (episode 2, ''Don't Look Back'', which aired October 2, 2006). The single "Mundian To Bach Ke" was featured in an episode of ''Queer as Folk'' and in the 2000 movie Bend It Like Beckham. The song "Yaaran Kollon Sikh Kuriye" was featured in the show ''Wild Boyz'' as a music video. Panjabi MC has appeared on ''Top of the Pops'', from which the video to "Mundian To Bach Ke" began to appear on music channels across the globe.

Together with Sukhwinder Singh and Sapna Awasthi, Panjabi MC remixed the popular song "Chaiyya Chaiyya" from the Bollywood film, ''Dil Se''. This song was used as the background during opening credits for the Hollywood movie Inside Man. Their song "Land of Five Rivers", used as a theme song for the WWE wrestler The Great Khali, features on Voices: WWE The Music, Vol. 9.

Discography

Studio albums

''Rootz''

''Souled Out'' (1993, Nachural Records)

''Another Sell Out'' (1994, Nachural Records)

''100% Proof'' (1995, Nachural Records)

''Grass Roots'' (1996, Nachural Records)

''Magic Desi'' (1996)

''Legalised'' (1998, Nachural Records)

''Dhol Jageroo Da'' (2001, Moviebox)

''Desi'' (2002, Moviebox)

''Indian Breaks'' (2003, Compagnia Nuove Indye)

''Mundian To Bach Ke'' (2003, Compagnia Nuove Indye)

''The Album'' (German version: Superstar/Warner; Germany) (French version: Scorpio; France) (UK Version: Instant Karma) (2003)

''Beware'' (U.S. version of the album) (2003, Sequence)

''Steel Bangle'' (2005, Moviebox)

''Indian Timing'' (2008, PMC Records)

''The Raj'' (2010, PMC Records)

Compilation albums

''Illegal with the support from manpreet singh'' (2006, Nupur Audio)

EPs

''Jatt Ho Gya Sharabi'' (1996, Nachural Records)

''Mirza Part Two'' (1997, Nachural Records)

''Switchin''' (2000, Moviebox)

Singles

"Dhol Jageero Da" (2001)

"Backstabbers" (with Mark Morrison and Daz Dillinger) (2002)

"Mundian To Bach Ke" (2002) - UK #5 "Jogi" (2003) - UK #25 2003 MOBO Awards - Best UK Act 2003 UK Asian Music Awards - Best Single Bhangra - "Mundian To Bach Ke" 2003 World Music Awards - World's Best Indian Artist

2011 Punjabi Music Awards - Best Sound Recording - "Moorni"

References

External links

BBC Asian Network - Video and interview about 'Indian Timing'

www.panjabi-mc.com

MTV Artist profile

www.cnimusic.it/panjabimc.htm

CNN Interview

BBC Interview

YouTube Interview

'The Raj New Album Information'

Category:British rappers Category:Desi musicians Category:Hip hop DJs Category:Hip hop record producers Category:Living people Category:1970 births Category:Asian Underground musicians Category:People from Coventry Category:English Sikhs Category:World Music Awards winners

de:Panjabi MC es:Panjabi MC fr:Panjabi MC it:Panjabi MC pl:Panjabi MC pt:Panjabi MC sv:Panjabi MC

playername	Fernando Muslera
fullname	Néstor Fernando Muslera Micol
dateofbirth	June 16, 1986
countryofbirth	Buenos Aires, Argentina
height
position	Goalkeeper
currentclub	Galatasaray
clubnumber	25
youthyears1	2001–2004
youthclubs1	Montevideo Wanderers
years1	2004–2007
clubs1	Montevideo Wanderers
caps1	44
goals1	0
years2	2006–2007
clubs2	→ Nacional (loan)
caps2	5
goals2	0
years4	2007–2011
clubs4	Lazio
caps4	96
goals4	0
years5	2011–
clubs5	Galatasaray
caps5	0
goals5	0
goals3	0
years3	2007-
nationalyears1	2009–
nationalteam1	Uruguay
nationalcaps1	26
nationalgoals1	0
pcupdate	31 August 2011 (UTC)
ntupdate	20 July 2011 }}

Néstor Fernando Muslera Micol (; born 16 June 1986 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a Uruguayan - footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Galatasaray and is first-choice keeper for the Uruguayan national team.

Club career

Uruguay

Muslera started his professional football career with Montevideo Wanderers in 2004, having come through the club's youth system. After impressive performances for Wanderers, Uruguayan giants Nacional opted to take him on loan in 2007. After returning to Montevideo, and a display of successful performances, he began to attract attention from Europe, until he was signed by Lazio in 2007.

Lazio

Lazio signed Muslera in August 2007 for a fee of €3 million. He made his debut for Lazio in a 3–1 home win against Cagliari on 16 September 2007, and made four more consecutive starts, the last which was a disastrous performance in Lazio's 1–5 home loss to Milan on 7 October, a match in which he was at fault on four of the five goals Lazio conceded. That result saw him benched in favour of 44-year-old Marco Ballotta. Muslera remained as the second choice for the remainder of the season, making only four more league appearances and none in the UEFA Champions League. He did however play all of Lazio's remaining Coppa Italia matches, putting in good performances.

Muslera started as second-choice keeper for the 2008–09 season behind new signing Juan Pablo Carrizo but regained the starting spot in January 2009 following a run of poor form by Carrizo, coupled with conflicts with team management. Muslera's first starting appearance in the league this season saw him make several saves in a 3–1 loss to Sampdoria, including blocking an Antonio Cassano penalty. Further impressive performances in away wins over Napoli and Genoa, as well as in his first ever Derby della Capitale, saw Muslera regain a considerable amount of faith he had lost the previous season.

Known to the Lazio fans as ''castorino'', or the "little beaver", Muslera was also an integral part of the club's successful Coppa Italia campaign, making decisive saves against Milan and Juventus as Lazio reached the final for the first time in five seasons. In the final on May 13, 2009, Muslera saved two penalties as Lazio emerged victorious 6–5 in the shootout after the match ended 1–1 in extra time.

The Uruguayan's impressive season saw him cement his position as the Roman club's first choice in the 2009–10 season, despite the arrival of Argentine keeper Albano Bizzarri on a free transfer. Muslera played in goal as Lazio opened the season with a 2–1 win over Inter in the 2009 Supercoppa Italiana, played in Beijing.

Following his successful performance in the 2010 FIFA World Cup he was voted the 7th best goalkeeper in the world by IFFHS.

Galatasaray

On 19 July 2011, Galatasaray officially announced the signing of Fernando Muslera from Lazio on a 5-year contract while he was on duty in the Copa América with Uruguay. The transfer involved Lorik Cana moving in the opposite direction, to Lazio, while Galatasaray also paid €6.75 million to Muslera's former club, Montevideo Wanderers who owned 50% of his playing rights. The total value of his transfer is therefore believed to be in the region of €12 million, making Muslera the most expensive goalkeeper transfer in Turkey and the fifth most expensive goalkeeper of all time. He will earn €2 million a year.

International career

Muslera had been called up for the Uruguayan national team on numerous occasions, but did not earn his first cap until October 10, 2009, when he started in Uruguay's 2–1 away win over Ecuador. The match was Uruguay's penultimate qualifier for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

2010 FIFA World Cup

He made his FIFA World Cup debut against France on June 11, 2010, Uruguay's opening game of the tournament and the second game on the opening day of the 2010 FIFA World Cup. He kept a clean sheet during all 3 of Uruguay's group matches (0–0 against France, 3–0 against South Africa, and 1–0 against Mexico). Muslera was decisive in the quarterfinal match against Ghana, when he saved two penalties at the penalty shootout. Muslera was a key component of the Uruguay team that reached the semi-finals of the World Cup and subsequently finished fourth in the tournament.

2011 Copa América

Muslera was called again by coach Óscar Tabárez to represent Uruguay as the first choice goalkeeper at the 2011 Copa América, which was held in Argentina. He was selected Man of the Match in the quarter-final match against Argentina in which Uruguay went through on penalties, with Muslera saving a penalty from Carlos Tevez to win them the match. Uruguay won the Copa América, Muslera played all the games.

Honours

Club

;Lazio:

Coppa Italia: 2009

Supercoppa Italiana: 2009

National team

;Uruguay:

2010 World Cup: Fourth Place

2011 Copa América: Winner

Personal

IFFHS Best Goalkeeper 2010: 7º Place

References

External links

Lazio sign keeper Muslera – Sky Sports, 29 August 2007

Muslera Meltdown – Goal.com, 8 October 2007

Biography in Spanish

Biography in Turkish

Category:People from Montevideo Category:Uruguayan footballers Category:Association football goalkeepers Category:Uruguay international footballers Category:2010 FIFA World Cup players Category:2011 Copa América players Category:Montevideo Wanderers F.C. players Category:Club Nacional de Football players Category:S.S. Lazio players Category:Serie A footballers Category:Uruguayan expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Italy Category:Uruguayan expatriates in Italy Category:1986 births Category:Living people Category:Galatasaray S.K. footballers

ar:فيرناندو موسليرا bg:Фернандо Муслера ca:Néstor Fernando Muslera Micol cs:Fernando Muslera da:Fernando Muslera de:Fernando Muslera es:Fernando Muslera fr:Néstor Fernando Muslera ko:페르난도 무슬레라 hr:Fernando Muslera it:Fernando Muslera la:Fernandus Muslera lt:Fernando Muslera hu:Fernando Muslera mr:फर्नांडो मुस्लेरा nl:Fernando Muslera ja:フェルナンド・ムスレラ no:Fernando Muslera nn:Fernando Muslera pl:Fernando Muslera pt:Fernando Muslera ro:Fernando Muslera ru:Муслера, Фернандо sq:Fernando Muslera fi:Fernando Muslera sv:Fernando Muslera th:เฟร์นันโด มุสเลรา tr:Fernando Muslera zh:費爾南多·穆斯萊拉

name	Raveena Tandon
alt	Raveena Tandon at Shivani Wedding Reception
birth date	October 26, 1974
birth place	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
yearsactive	1991 – present
occupation	Actress, producer
spouse	Anil Thadani (2004-present)
website	}}

Raveena Tandon (; born 26 October 1974) is a National Film Award winning Indian actress, producer, and a former model. She has primarily worked in Bollywood films, though she appeared in a few Tamil, Kannada and Telugu films as well.

Tandon made her acting debut with ''Patthar Ke Phool'' (1991), and won a Filmfare Lux New Face Award for her performance in the film. During the 90s, she was part of several commercial successes such as ''Mohra'' (1994), ''Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi'' (1996) and ''Ziddi'' (1997), among others. Despite attaining popularity, she was not particularly recognised as an actor. This however changed in the early 2000s, when she ventured into more serious roles and turned towards arthouse and parallel cinema. She got high critical acclaim for her performances in films like ''Aks'' (2001) and ''Satta'' (2003), and had the peak of her career in 2002, when she won the National Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in Kalpana Lajmi's ''Daman: A Victim of Marital Violence'' (2001).

Early life

Raveena Tandon was born in Mumbai, to filmmaker Ravi Tandon and Veena. Her name is an amalgamation of her parents' name. She attended Jamnabai Narsee School in Juhu and studied at Mithibai College. She completed her first and second years at the college. During her time as an intern, she got her first film offer from Shantanu Sheorey which she accepted. She dropped out of college and decided to pursue her film career.

Her father was a producer and director of some films in the 1970s and 1980s. She has a brother named Rajiv Tandon. Her cousin, Kiran Rathod is a South Indian actress.

Career

Raveena Tandon debuted with the film ''Patthar Ke Phool'' (1991) which was a hit; she received the Filmfare Lux New Face Award for her debut performance.

Her next films ''Mohra'' (1994) and ''Dilwale'' (1994) were big hits at the box office whilst ''Laadla'' (1994), although an average performer, still earned her a Filmfare nomination as best supporting actress. ''Mohra'' was the second biggest hit of 1994. Her other releases of that year included the thriller ''Imtihaan'' and the comedy ''Andaz Apna Apna''. The former was an average performer whilst the latter was unsuccessful at the box office but has since gained a strong cult following over the years. She reportedly got into a fight with her co-star Karisma Kapoor on the sets of the film. In 1995, she starred with Shahrukh Khan for the first time in ''Zamana Deewana''; the film failed to do well. Her next few films also failed to do well at the box office and her career saw a drop in her success. Her career was back on track with hit films like ''Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi'' (1996) and ''Ziddi'' (1997), both being big hits each of its respective year. In 1997, she was to play her first villainous role in ''Dus'' but the film was shelved after the director's death when 40% of the film's shooting had been completed.

In 1998, Tandon had eight releases. Her last release of that year ''Bade Miyan Chote Miyan'' co-starring Amitabh Bachchan and ''Govinda'' turned out to the second biggest hit of the year. Coincidentally, Tandon was offered the second lead in ''Kuch Kuch Hota Hai'' which went on to be the biggest hit of 1998, but she turned it down. Her other releases of that year were ''Gharwali Baharwali'' which gained a below average status and ''Vinashak'', ''Pardesi Babu'' and ''Aunty No. 1'' all of which were un-successful.

In the 2000s, Tandon turned her career professionally. She went on to work more with ''art film'' directors and realistic cinema. It proved to be a good turning as films like ''Shool'' (1999), ''Bulandi'' (2000) and ''Aks'' (2001) won her huge acclaim. She won many awards as well as the Filmfare Special Performance Award for her performance in Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's ''Aks''.

Her years in the industry paid off when she won the coveted National Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in Kalpana Lajmi's ''Daman: A Victim of Marital Violence'' (2001), where she played a battered wife to an abusive husband. She surprised critics and audiences with her performance in the film and received much appreciation for her work. Critic, Taran Adarsh said, "Raveena Tandon lends credibility to the role of a battered wife and walks away with the honours. The pathos she conveys through her expressions makes you realise that she's a performer of substance".

Since then, she has starred in a number of critically acclaimed films, such as ''Satta'' (2003) and ''Dobara'' (2004), but has not had much box office success. Her role as a middle class woman thrust into the world of politics in the former was praised. Critic, Taran Adarsh wrote, "Raveena Tandon delivers a bravura performance. The actress takes giant strides as a performer, giving the right touches to her character. Here's a performance that's bound to be noticed". Her role as a schizophrenic in ''Dobara'' was also praised with one critic saying, "Raveena is in sync with her character, essaying her part with elaan". Her last release was ''Sandwich'' in 2006 which opened to poor reviews and reception. She has not acted in films since. Tandon has also produced the films ''Stumped'' (2003) and ''Pehchaan: The Face of Truth'' (2005), neither of which had much success at the box office.

Personal life

She adopted two children Pooja and Chhaya as a single mother in the 1990s.

Tandon began dating film distributor Anil Thadani during the making of her film ''Stumped'' (2003). Their engagement was announced in November 2003. She married Thadani on 22 February 2004 in Jag Mandir Palace in Udaipur, Rajasthan according to Punjabi style. She gave birth to a baby girl called Rasha on 16 March 2005. She gave birth to her second child, a baby boy named Ranbir on 12 July 2007.

Controversies

Tandon was chairperson of the Children's Film Society of India from 2003, but from 2004 the actress began to get complaints that she did not attend the organization's meetings and that she was not involved with the activities set up by the society. In September 2005, Tandon resigned from her post citing personal reasons.

In November 2005, Tandon sued the websites, ''Shaadi.com'' and ''Shaaditimes.com'', claiming that they were using un-authorized images of her to promote the site. She also sued the owner Satyanet Solutions, as they claimed that Tandon and her husband had met through the website.

Commitments

In November 2002, Tandon signed on to support the ''People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals''. She has posed in many advertisement campaigns joining the likes of Shilpa Shetty, Amisha Patel and John Abraham. On the issue of cows being slaughtered for their skin, she said "their abuse at the hands of corrupt skin and meat traders must be stopped".

Awards

1992: Filmfare Lux New Face Award, ''Patthar Ke Phool''

2002: Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards Best Supporting Actress, ''Aks''

2002: National Film Award for Best Actress, ''Daman: A Victim of Marital Violence''

2002: Filmfare Special Performance Award, ''Aks''

2002: Star Screen Award Best Supporting Actress, ''Aks''

2002: Bollywood Movie Award - Best Supporting Actress, ''Aks''

2002: Bollywood Movie Award - Critics Award Female, ''Aks''

2002: Awadh Samman by the Government of Uttar Pradesh

Filmography

! Year	! Film	! Role	! Other Notes
1991	''Patthar Ke Phool''	Kiran	Winner, Filmfare Lux New Face Award
1992		Vijaya
		Priya Choudhry
''Divya Shakti''	Priya
	Neelima
''Pehla Nasha''	Avantika
''Bangaru Bullodu''	Priya
	''Zamane Se Kya Darna''
	Kaajal	Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
''Insaniyat''	Salma
''Dilwale''	Sapna
	Nisha
''Andaz Apna Apna''	Karishma/Raveena
''Mohra''	Roma
''Imtihaan''	Priti
''Main Khiladi Tu Anari''	Raveena (herself)	Special appearance
Saadu
	''Zamana Deewana''	Priya Malhotra
''Saajan Ki Baahon Mein''	Sapna Narang
	''Rakshak''		Special Appearance (song 'Shahar Ki Ladki')
''Ek Anari Do Khiladi''	Priya Rao
''Vijeta''	Vijaya
''Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi''	Priya
	''Ghulam-E-Musthafa''	Kavita
	Nasheman (Terrorist)
''Ziddi''	Jaya
''Daava''	Seema
	''Gharwali Baharwali''	Kajol
''Vinashak - Destroyer''	Kajol Agnihotri
''Keemat: They Are Back''	Sharmili
''Salaakhen''
''Aunty No. 1''	Sandhaya
''Dulhe Raja''	Kiran Singhania
''Barood''	Neha
''Bade Miyan Chote Miyan''	Seema
''Pardesi Babu''	Karuna
	''Shool''	Manjari Singh
''Gair''	Madhu
''Rajaji''	Payal
''Jai Hind''	Gulnar
''Anari No.1''	Sapna
	''Tune Mera Del Le Liyaa''
''Anjaane''
''Bulandi''	Meena
''Jung''	Naina
''Kahin Pyaar Na Ho Jaaye''	Nisha
''Khauff''		Special Appearance
''Ghaath''		Special Appearance
	''Daman: A Victim of Marital Violence''	Durga	Winner, National Film Award for Best Actress
	Neeta	Winner, Filmfare Special Performance Award
''Akasa Veedhilo''	Indu
''Aalavandhan''	Tejaswini	Tamil language
	''[[Agni Varsha''	Vishaka
''Ankhiyon Se Goli Maare''	Kiran
''Soch''	Preeti Sardesai
	''Ek Hindustani''
''Satta''	Anuradha Sehgal
''Pran Jaye Par Shaan Na Jaye''	Laxmi Rathod
	Reema Seth
''Qayamat: City Under Threat''	Mamta
''LOC Kargil''	Rampal's wife
	''Jaago''	Shweta
''Yeh Lamhe Judaai Ke''	Jaya
	Roma
''Aan: Men at Work''	Roshni Verma
''Dobara''	Ria
	Kanchan Dhillon
2005		Advocate Mridula M. Khanna
2006		Nisha S. Singh
	''The Laboratory''	Sohini
''Aap Ke Liye Hum''
''Bbuddah... Hoga Tera Baap''

See also

List of Indian film actresses

|- ! colspan="3" style="background:GoldenRod;" | Filmfare Award |- |- |- ! colspan="3" style="background:GoldenRod;" | National Film Award |- |-

References

External links

Category:1974 births Category:Living people Category:Indian film actors Category:People from Mumbai Category:Indian female models Category:Hindi film actors Category:Indian actors Category:Indian film producers Category:Mithibai College alumni

he:ראווינה טנדון jv:Raveena Tandon kn:ರವೀನಾ ಟಂಡನ್ ml:രവീണ ടണ്ടൻ mr:रवीना टंडन pl:Raveena Tandon fi:Raveena Tandon ta:ரவீணா டாண்டன்