''This article is about the city of Mersin, see Mersin Province, (named İçel province until 2002), for information about the surrounding area.''

Coordinates	45°30′″N73°40′″N
Settlement type	City
Coordinates display	inline,title
Coordinates region	TR
Subdivision type	Country
Subdivision name
Timezone	EET
Utc offset	+2
Map caption	Location of Mersin within Turkey.
Timezone dst	EEST
Utc offset dst	+3
Official name	Mersin |image_skyline Lupus-Collage Mersin.png | image_caption |image_map | subdivision_type1Region| subdivision_name1 Mediterranean |subdivision_type2Province| subdivision_name2 Mersin
Population metro	843429
Population as of	2010
Population density km2	466
Area total km2	1772 |elevation_m 100
Pushpin map	Turkey
Pushpin label position	top

Mersin (, Ancient Greek: Ζεφύριον, Zephyrion) is a large city and a busy port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. The metropolitan area in the entire Mersin Province had a population of 843,429 as of 2010, making it Turkey's tenth most populous city. It is also part of an interurban agglomeration - Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Area and lies on the west part of Çukurova, a geographical, economical and cultural region. According to Evliya Çelebi, the city is named after the Mersinoğullari tribe; another theory is that it is derived from the myrtle () which grows abundantly in the region. Mersin is important for Turkey's economy, and Turkey's biggest port is located here.

Slogan:The Pearl of Mediterranean (Turkish: Akdeniz'in İncisi)

Mersin will host the 2013 Mediterranean Games.

History

This coast has been inhabited since the 9th millennium BC. Excavations by John Garstang of the hill of Yumuktepe have revealed 23 levels of occupation, the earliest dating from ca. 6300 BC. Fortifications were put up around 4500 BC, but the site appears to have been abandoned between 3200 BC and 1200 BC.

In subsequent centuries, the city became a part of many states and civilizations including the Hittites, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, the Macedonians of Alexander the Great, Seleucids and Lagids. During the Ancient Greek period, the city bore the name Zephyrion (Greek: Ζεφύριον) and was mentioned by numerous ancient authors. Apart from its natural harbor and strategic position along the trade routes of southern Anatolia, the city profited from trade in molybdenum (white lead) from the neighbouring mines of Coreyra. Ancient sources attributed the best molybdenum to the city, which also minted its own coins.

The area later became a part of the Roman province of Cilicia, which had its capital at Tarsus, while nearby Mersin was the major port. The city, whose name was Latinized to Zephyrium, was renamed as Hadrianopolis in honor of the Roman emperor Hadrian.

In 395, the Roman Empire was split in two and this area fell into the half ruled from Byzantium (later Constantinople), which became the centre of trade in this part of the world, drawing investments and trade, and causing Mersin to lose its attractiveness.

The city was Christianized early and was the see of a bishop. Le Quien (''Oriens christianus'', II, 883) names four bishops of Zephyrium: Aerius, present at the Council of Constantinople in 381; Zenobius, a Nestorian, at the Second Council of Constantinople in 432-434; Hypatius, present at the Council of Chalcedon in 451; and Peter, at the Council in Trullo in 692. The city remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church, ''Zephyriensis''; the see has been vacant since 1966.

Then came the Arabs, Egyptian Tulunids, Seljuk Turks, Mongol Empire, Crusaders, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Mamluks, Anatolian beyliks, and finally the city was conquered by the Ottomans from the Ramadanid Principality in 1473 and formally annexed by Selim I in 1517.

During the American Civil War, the region became a major supplier of cotton to make up for the high demand due to shortage. Railroads were extended to Mersin in 1866 from where cotton was exported by sea, and the city developed into a major trade center.

In 1918, Mersin was occupied by French and British troops in accord with the Treaty of Sevrès. It was liberated by the Turkish army in 1920. In 1924, Mersin was made a province, and in 1933 Mersin and İçel provinces were joined to form the (greater Mersin) İçel province.

Atatürk and Mersin

Atatürk visited Mersin ten times and stayed in Mersin five times. He said, 'Mersin is the most important trade area in Turkey between Turkey and The World'. The 'Atatürk House' (more formally Atatürk Museum) was established there and it is still used as a museum.

Climate

Mersin has a typical Mediterranean climate with hot and dry summers and cool and wet winters. Mersin has its highest rainfall in winter; mainly December and January which gives Mersin its healthy, nurtured coastline. The driest months are summer with hardly any rainfall at all.

Mersin today

Today, Mersin is a large city spreading out along the coast, with Turkey's second tallest skyscraper (the 52-floor Mertim Tower, which was the tallest skyscraper in Turkey for 13 years between 1987 and 2000, until the completion of the İş Bankası Towers in Istanbul), huge hotels, an opera house, expensive real estate near the sea or up in the hills, and many other modern urban amenities, although still nothing like the long-established nightlife and culture of İstanbul or İzmir.The seaside of Mersin is the longest seaside in Turkey as well as in Eastern Mediterranean. The population of the city is 843,429 (with all provinces 1,647,899) according to 2010 estimates. The population in the intercity municipalities is shown below:

The Metropolitan Municipality is now trying to rescue the sea front with walkways, parks and statues, and there are still palm trees on the roadsides especially where the young generation like to hang out in the cafés and patisseries of smart neighbourhoods such as ''Pozcu'' or ''Çamlıbel''. These are established neighbourhoods where there are many well-known shops and restaurants with years of experience and reputations to protect. The city centre is a maze of narrow streets and arcades of little shops and cafes, with young people buzzing around on scooters. The old quarter near the fish market is where you will find the stalls selling tantuni and grilled liver sandwiches.

One of the most distinctive features of the city as a whole is the solar heating panels, they are everywhere, on top of every building.

Turkey now plans to construct its first nuclear power plant some 80 miles west of Mersin. In March 2008, Turkey opened the bidding for the construction of the plant. Environmental groups, such as Greenpeace, oppose this plan.

Cuisine

The local cuisine is famous, and restaurants specializing on the Mersin Region can be found all over Turkey, and includes specialties such as:

Ciğer Kebap, (Liver on Mangal), typically served on lavaş with an assortment of meze at 12 skewers at a time,

Tantuni, a hot lavaş wrap consisting of julienned lamb stir-fried on a sac on a hint of cottonseed oil,

Bumbar, lamb intestines filled with a mixture of rice, meat and pistachios, that are served either grilled or steamed,

Cezerye, a lokum made of sweet carrots, covered in ground pistachios or coconuts,

Karsambaç, peeled ice, (or even snow) served with a topping of pekmez or honey,

Künefe, a wood-oven baked dessert based on a mixture of cheese and pastry; famous all throughout the Levant,

Kerebiç, a shortbread filled with pistachio paste, also famous throughout the Levant,

Şalgam suyu, a beverage made of fermented red carrots, very popular in Southern Turkey, that is known somehow to cure hangover.

Economy

The port is the mainstay of Mersin's economy. There are 45 piers, a total port area of , with a capacity of 6,000 ships per year.

Adjacent to the port is Mersin Free Zone established in 1986, the first free zone in Turkey, with warehouses, shops, assembly-disassembly, maintenance and engineering workshops, banking and insurance, packing-repacking, labelling and exhibition facilities. The zone is a publicly owned center for foreign investors, close to major markets in the (Middle East, North Africa, East and West Europe, Russian Federation and Central Asia. The trading volume of the free zone was USD 51,8 billion in 2002.

Mersin has highway connections to the north, east and west. Mersin is also connected to the southern railroad. Adana airport is .

70% of the male population and 46% of the female population is employed. Unemployment is about 6.7%.

Mersin port is an international hub for many vessels routing to European countries.Its now operated by PSA.

Mersin University

Mersin University was founded in 1992 and started teaching in 1993-1994, with 11 faculties, 6 schools and 9 vocational schools. The university has had about 10 thousand graduates, has broadened its current academic staff to more than 2,100 academicians, and enrolls 22,000 students.

Culture

Because the city has been a crossroads for centuries, the local culture is a medley of civilizations. Mersin has a State Opera and Ballet, the fourth in Turkey after Istanbul, İzmir and Ankara. Mersin International Music Festival was established in 2001 and takes place every October. The photography association Mersin Fotograf Derneği (MFD), is one of the most popular and active cultural organizations in the city. Some cultural activities are sponsored by the İçel sanat kulübü (i.e., Art club of Mersin) There is a great museum in the city centre.

The municipal cemetery is interesting as people of all faiths and denominations can be buried here.

The City hosts the Roman Catholic Co-Cathedral of St. Anthony of Padua.

In order to swim in clean water you need to get out of town, perhaps an hour along the coast. The beaches at Kızkalesi, Ayaş, Susanoğlu (app. 50–70 km west) are popular with families while young people prefer Akyar, Yapraklı koy, Narlıkuyu or quieter bays along the coast, some of which are very attractive indeed.

Images

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Mersin is twinned with:

Notable natives

Karacaoğlan - 16th century folk poet

Musa Eroğlu - Composer,musician

Cemal Mersinli - (aka Mersinli Cemal Paşa) - General and Ottoman minister of defense

Doğan Akça - Artist (painter)

Hüseyin Gezer - Artist (sculptor)

Etem Çalışkan -Artist (painter)

Yavuz Donat - Journalist

Haldun Dormen - Theatre & film actor and director

Seyhan Kurt - Poet,writer,sociologist

Güzide Duran - Model

Müfide İlhan - First woman mayor in Turkey in the 1950s

Özdemir İnce - Author

Ahmet Kireççi (aka Mersinli Ahmet) - Olympic medalist wrestler

Nevit Kodallı - Composer

Turhan Oğuzbaş - Poet

Ümit Yaşar Oğuzcan - Poet

Kayhan Sağlamer - Journalist

Fikri Sağlar - Politician (4 terms Minister of Culture before 1996)

Nevin Yanıt - Female sprinter (European champion in 100 m hurdles)

Atıf Yılmaz - Film director and producer

See also

Adana-Mersin Metropolitan Area

Çukurova

Akdeniz, intercity municipality of Mersin

Mezitli, intercity municipality of Mersin

Toroslar, intercity municipality of Mersin

Yenişehir, intercity municipality of Mersin

Cilicia War

Gözne

Soli, Cilicia

Yumuktepe

Kazanlı

Chronology of the Turkish War of Independence

List of mayors of Mersin

Mersin İdmanyurdu, footbal team of the city, attending top level division in 2011-12 season.

Gulf of Mersin

Mersin Grand Mosque

Mersin Harbor

Mersin railway station

Mersin Halkevi

Mertim

Mersin Feneri

Muğdat Mosque

Atatürk Parkı

References

Notes

Blue Guide, Turkey, The Aegean and Mediterranean Coasts (ISBN 0-393-30489-2), pp. 556–557.

Blood-Dark Track: A Family History (Granta Books) by Joseph O'Neill, contains a detailed and evocative history of the city, viewed from the perspective of a Christian Syrian family long resident in Mersin.

Richard Talbert, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, (ISBN 0-691-03169-X), p. 66

External links

Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites

Catholic Encyclopedia "Zephyrium"

* Category:Ancient mints Category:Çukurova Category:Cilicia Category:Mediterranean port cities and towns in Turkey Category:Cities in Turkey Category:Populated coastal places in Turkey Category:Ancient Greek sites in Turkey Category:Ancient Greek cities Category:Roman sites in Turkey Category:Titular sees Category:Seaside resorts in Turkey Category:Populated places in Mersin Province

ar:مرسين be:Горад Мерсін be-x-old:Мэрсін br:Mersin bg:Мерсин ca:Mersin cs:Mersin da:Mersin de:Mersin el:Μερσίνη es:Mersin eo:Mersin fr:Mersin gag:Mersin ko:메르신 hy:Մերսին id:Mersin it:Mersin he:מרסין ka:მერსინი (ქალაქი) rw:Mersin sw:Mersin mrj:Мерсин lv:Mersina lt:Mersinas hu:Mersin mk:Мерсин nl:Mersin (stad) ja:メルスィン mhr:Мерсин pnb:آداپازاری pl:Mersin pt:Mersin ro:Mersin ru:Мерсин fi:Mersin sv:Mersin tr:Mersin (şehir) udm:Мерсин vi:Mersin war:Mersin diq:Mersin (bacar)

Coordinates

45°30′″N73°40′″N

{{infobox football biography | playername

Fatih Terim | image | dateofbirth September 04, 1953 | cityofbirth Adana | countryofbirth Turkey | height | position Defender | youthyears1 1953–1969 | youthclubs1 Adana Demirspor | years1 1969–1974 | clubs1 Adana Demirspor | caps1 125 | goals1 25 | years2 1974–1985 | clubs2 Galatasaray | caps2 317 | goals2 16 | totalcaps 452 | totalgoals 41 | nationalyears1 1971 | nationalteam1 Turkey U-19 | nationalcaps1 7 | nationalgoals1 0 | nationalyears2 1973–1975 | nationalteam2 Turkey U-21 | nationalcaps2 10 | nationalgoals2 0 | nationalyears3 1975–1985 | nationalteam3 Turkey | nationalcaps3 51 | nationalgoals3 2 | manageryears1 1987–1989 | managerclubs1 Ankaragücü | manageryears2 1989–1990 | managerclubs2 Göztepe | manageryears3 1990–1993 | managerclubs3 Turkey U-21 | manageryears4 1993–1996 | managerclubs4 Turkey | manageryears5 1996–2000 | managerclubs5 Galatasaray | manageryears6 2000–2001 | managerclubs6 Fiorentina | manageryears7 2001 | managerclubs7 Milan | manageryears8 2002–2004 | managerclubs8 Galatasaray | manageryears9 2005–2009 | managerclubs9 Turkey | manageryears10 2011– | managerclubs10 Galatasaray }}

Fatih Terim, Commendatore OSSI, (born 4 September 1953) is a Turkish football former player and manager. Terim was born in Adana, Turkey to Nuriye and Talat Terim. His father, Talat, is a Turkish Cypriot who immigrated to Turkey. Terim is regarded as a hard-line motivator whose no-nonsense approach was honed during 11 years as a rugged defender with Galatasaray. His nickname is ''İmparator'', which is the Turkish word for ''"Emperor"''. This nickname is also widely used in Italy in his reference. In a survey conducted by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics (IFFHS) in 80 countries, Fatih Terim was placed among the best eight managers in the world. He received his award at a ceremony held in Rothenburg, Germany on January 8, 2001. Terim was nominated to be named UEFA manager of the year 2008. Eurosport named Terim as the best coach at Euro 2008. In December 2008, Terim was ranked the 7th best football manager in the world by World Soccer Magazine. Despite his successful record as the manager of Turkey in UEFA Euro 2008, Terim resigned from his post in October 2009 upon the failure of Turkish national team's qualification for FIFA World Cup 2010.

Playing career

In 1969, Terim's professional football career began as a junior player with Adana Demirspor. Because of his financial difficulties, he was the only player in the team who was being paid secretly by the club at the time. Three years later, he became the captain of the team. He recalls his first game with the captain badge.

:

Terim played 6 more years with Adana Demirspor. As a successful striker, he joined Galatasaray SK in 1974. As the team captain, he had to fill in for injured defenders and eventually he ended up playing regularly as a sweeper/defender. Terim played for 11 years for the Istanbul club. However, during his time with Galatasaray, the club was not able to win the championship trophy in the Turkish league. Terim was capped to the Turkish national team 51 times, from 1974 to 1985, and was the national team captain for 35 international games, establishing the national record for both categories at his time. He ended his playing career in Galatasaray in 1985.

Abdullah Gegic, a legendary football coach with Partizan Belgrade (of former Yugoslavia) and Eskisehirspor (of Turkey), knew Terim from his days as a central defender and described Terim as an intelligent defender with Beckenbauer like qualities. Gegic attributed Terim's successes as a coach to his unique understanding of the game that was developed during his time playing as a central defender.

Managerial career

After retiring from professional football his initial training came from Jupp Derwall while they were at Galatasaray. Terim's coaching career began when he was appointed the coach of MKE Ankaragücü. He coached the club for 18 months and moved on to coach Göztepe in İzmir which lasted one year. He did not have any significant success with these teams.

Turkey (1990-1996)

In 1990 he was appointed as assistant to Turkey's national coach Sepp Piontek, where he also coached the U21 team. After serving as assistant coach for three years, he was appointed Turkish national team coach in 1993. Three years later, the Turkish national team succeeded in qualifying for the final tournament of the Euro '96 for the first time in its history under his management. Although the national team did not perform well in the tournament (losing all the games, and not being able to score a single goal), the qualification to the tournament was still considered a great achievement for Turkish football.

Galatasaray (1996-2000)

After Euro 1996, Fatih Terim signed a contract with Galatasaray S.K.. Under his management Galatasaray won the championship in the Turkish league for four consecutive years, crowning his achievements by winning the UEFA Cup in 2000, making Fatih Terim the most successful Galatasaray manager in its history. His departure allowed Mircea Lucescu to clinch the UEFA Super Cup in 2000 for Galatasaray.

AC Fiorentina (2000-2001)

His success with Galatasaray lead Terim to Serie A, signing a one year contract with ACF Fiorentina, Italy.

His aggressive and offensive style of football, and his tense relations with the mercurial club president and owner Vittorio Cecchi Gori made Terim a favourite amongst Fiorentina fans. In Fiorentina, Terim had a significant start, beating AC Milan (4-0) and holding Juventus to a 3-3 thrilling draw, and eliminating Milan 4-2 on aggregate to reach the final of the Coppa Italia. However, in the middle of the 2000-2001 season, Terim declared that he was not going to extend his contract with the club since Cecchi Gori did not intend to make the investments that he requested. After his declaration, the team's performance declined significantly, and his continuing clashes with the club president urged him to resign before the season ended. Romanian football legend Gheorghe Hagi praised his work in Florence, "In five months he built up a phenomenal side at Fiorentina. Name me another foreigner capable of that. He's extraordinary - he could coach any side."

AC Milan (2001)

In the summer of 2001, he was named the coach of AC Milan turning down offers from other clubs like FC Barcelona and Liverpool F.C. Immediately he signed Rui Costa, Ümit Davala and Filippo Inzaghi to the club. He transformed AC Milan's system, playing with a system very similar to the Total football style of Rinus Michels, playing a 4-3-1-2 with Rui Costa as the key player. Terim built a highly offensive and aggressive Milan, but during this period Milan was well-known for being vulnerable at the back, conceding goals and drawing against lesser teams. After several disappointing results his contract was terminated, making his AC Milan career last only 5 months.

Galatasaray (2002-2004)

In the summer of 2002 he returned to Galatasaray. Due to internal problems within Galatasaray’s management, financial difficulties of the club, and the failure of his transfer policies, he had a disappointing performance. This led him to resign and take a break in his managing career in March 2004. In the meantime clubs like Internazionale and AS Roma tried to lure Terim back to the Serie A, but with no success. In the summer of 2005, Terim was asked to manage the Turkish national team once again.

Turkey (2005-2009)

He successfully led Turkey to the semi-finals of Euro 2008, where they eventually lost to Germany. Shortly after the success at Euro 2008, he was recommended by former Newcastle United manager Bobby Robson for the Newcastle managerial position, but he was overlooked for the job. After a disappointing qualifying campaign for the 2010 World Cup, where Turkey failed to make the automatic qualification or play-off's, Terim resigned from the position.

Euro 2008

Terim and his Turkey side were hailed as the "comeback kings". Turkey started Euro 2008 with defeat to Portugal. As Turkey trailed Switzerland at half-time, Terim's tactical changes were the spur. Turkey went on to snatch a win two minutes into stoppage time. In the final winner-take-all group game against the Czech Republic, who were riding a comfortable two goal lead, Turkey shocked the football world by coming back and scoring three goals in the final fifteen minutes. During their quarter final clash with Croatia, Terim had extreme difficulty in finding attacking options, having been handicapped with many suspensions and injuries. As the game looked to be heading into a penalty shootout, Terim and Turkey were stunned when Croatia scored in the 119th minute of extra time to almost certainly win it. Terim did not allow his players to give up. Turkey again somehow managed an equalizing goal, sending the game into a penalty shootout. Turkey subsequently won the shootout and progressed to the semi-finals. Eventually losing to Germany in the semi-finals with 13 available players, Terim finished his campaign at the tournament with an amazing statistical record - out of the estimated 490 minutes of playing time, Turkey only lead for 13 of them. Terim's contract was extended to 2012 at the conclusion of the tournament, despite heavy speculation that he may return to Italy or go to England to manage at club level.

World Cup 2010

Since going out of the European Championships in the semi-finals Terim has continued to manage the Turkish National Team. In the World Cup 2010 qualifying stage, they have won 2, drawn 2 and lost 2 matches, leaving them 4 points adrift from second placed Bosnia-Herzegovina up to April 2009. This has seen Turkey move up to 10th position in the FIFA World Rankings. On 11 October 2009 announced his resignation from his job, the game on 14 October 2009 was his last game as manager of the Turkey national football team.

Galatasaray (2011-)

Due to a poor year, Galatasaray being unable to qualify for European football, and the internal conflict amongst board members in addition to the poor performance of the squad during the 10-11 season, Galatasaray appointed a new chairman Ünal Aysal. Ünal Aysal's first scoop in order to build a better Galatasaray squad to claim the dominance in the Süper Lig was to appoint a new manager. Fatih Terim his first and only choice has been called up for a third time to manager Galatasaray, it is speculated that the preliminary agreements have been agreed thus Fatih Terim will soon be introduced as head coach for a third time.

Career statistics

Player

2 3 2 ? 2 2 2 2 0 1 0 0

Club

Season

League

Cup

League Cup

Europe

Total

!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals

rowspan="12" valign="center"

Galatasaray

30

|

?

?

3

0

?

?

33

2

Turkish First Football League 1975–76

1975–76

30

|

?

?

4

1

?

?

34

4

Turkish First Football League 1976–77

1976–77

29

|

?

Turkish First Football League 1977–78

1977–78

29

|

?

?

2

0

?

?

31

2

Turkish First Football League 1978–79

1978–79

27

|

?

?

3

1

?

?

30

3

Turkish First Football League 1979–80

1979–80

30

|

?

?

2

0

?

?

32

2

Turkish First Football League 1980–81

1980–81

27

|

?

?

1

0

?

?

28

2

Turkish First Football League 1981–82

1981–82

28

|

?

?

3

0

?

?

31

0

Turkish First Football League 1982–83

1982–83

29

|

?

?

2

1

?

?

31

2

Turkish First Football League 1983–84

1983–84

28

|

?

?

2

0

?

?

30

0

Turkish First Football League 1984–85

1984–85

30

|

?

?

3

0

?

?

33

0

!Total

!317!!16!!?!!?!!25!!3!!?!!?!!342!!19

Career total

!317!!16!!?!!?!!25!!3!!?!!?!!342!!19

Manager

Team	Nat	From	To	Record
!G!!W!!D!!L!!Win %
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
align=left
Total

Decoration

On May 8, 2008, Fatih Terim was honored with the rank Commendatore dell'Ordine della Stella della Solidarietà Italiana (2nd Class / Commander of the Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity) by the Italian state at a reception hosted by the Italian Embassy in Ankara .

See also

List of UEFA Cup winning managers

List of Turkey national football team managers

List of Galatasaray S.K. managers

List of A.C. Milan managers

References

}}

Category:1953 births Category:Living people Category:Turkish footballers Category:Turkish football managers Category:Turkey international footballers Category:UEFA Cup winning managers Category:Adana Demirspor footballers Category:Galatasaray S.K. footballers Category:Galatasaray football managers Category:ACF Fiorentina managers Category:A.C. Milan managers Category:Serie A managers Category:Expatriate football managers in Italy Category:UEFA Euro 1996 managers Category:UEFA Euro 2008 managers Category:Turkish people Category:Turkish Cypriot people Category:People from Adana Category:Süper Lig players Category:Turkish Super League managers Category:Turkey national football team managers Category:Göztepe managers Category:Ankaragücü managers

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