The groundwater may be from infiltrating precipitation or from groundwater flowing into the aquifer. In areas with sufficient precipitation, water infiltrates through pore spaces in the soil, passing through the unsaturated zone. At increasing depths water fills in more of the pore spaces in the soils, until the zone of saturation is reached. In permeable or porous materials, such as sands and well fractured bedrock, the water table forms a relatively horizontal plane. Below the water table, in the phreatic zone, permeable units that yield groundwater are called aquifers. The ability of the aquifer to store groundwater is dependent on the primary and secondary porosity and permeability of the rock or soil. In soil that are less permeable, such as tight bedrock formations and historic lakebed deposits, the water table may be more difficult to define.
The water table should not be confused with the water level in a deeper well. If a deeper aquifer has a lower permeable unit that confines the upward flow, then the water level in a well screened in this aquifer may rise to a level that is greater or less than the elevation of the actual water table. The elevation of the water in this deeper well is dependent upon the pressure in the deeper aquifer and is referred to as the potentiometric surface, not the water table.
Category:Aquifers Category:Geotechnical engineering Category:Hydrology Category:Hydrogeology Category:Irrigation Category:Water supply Category:Water and the environment
cs:Hladina podzemní vody de:Grundwasserspiegel et:Põhjaveepind el:Υδροφόρος ορίζοντας es:Tabla de agua fr:Nappe phréatique ht:Nivo idwostatik nl:Freatisch vlak ja:地下水面 pl:Zwierciadło wód podziemnych pt:Lençol freático sv:Grundvattenyta tr:Yeraltı suyu seviyesi uk:Рівень ґрунтових водThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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