Coordinates	56°09′″N10°13′″N
Art	City
Image photo	KielerStadtzentrumLuftaufnahme.jpg
Wappen	Wappen Kiel.svg
Lat deg	54 |lat_min 19 |lat_sec 31
Lon deg	10 |lon_min 8 |lon_sec 26
Bundesland	Schleswig-Holstein
Kreis	urban
Höhe	5
Fläche	118.6
Einwohner	237579
Stand	2008-12-31
Plz	24103–24159
Plz-alt	2300
Vorwahl	0431
Kfz	KI
Gemeindeschlüssel	01 0 02 000
Nuts	DEFO2
Locode	DE KEL
Gliederung	18 districts
Adresse	Fleethörn 924103 Kiel
Website	www.kiel.de
Bürgermeister	Torsten Albig
Bürgermeistertitel	Oberbürgermeisterin
Partei	SPD
Ruling party1	SPD
Ruling party2	Green }}

Kiel () is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 238,049 (2010).

Kiel is approximately north of Hamburg. Due to its geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula, and the southwestern shore of the Baltic Sea, Kiel has become one of the major maritime centres of Germany. For instance, the city is known for a variety of international sailing events, including the annual Kiel Week, which is the biggest sailing event in the world. The Olympic sailing competitions of the 1936 and the 1972 Summer Olympics were held in Kiel.

Kiel has also been one of the traditional homes of the German Navy's Baltic fleet, and continues to be a major high-tech shipbuilding centre. Located in Kiel is the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences (IFM-GEOMAR) at the University of Kiel. Kiel is an important sea transport hub, thanks to its location at the Kiel Fjord (''Kieler Förde'') and the busiest artificial waterway in the world, Kiel Canal (''Nord-Ostsee-Kanal''). A number of passenger ferries to Sweden, Norway and other countries operate from here. Moreover, today Kiel harbour is an important port of call for cruise ships touring the Baltic Sea.

In 2005 Kiel's GDP per capita was €35,618, well above Germany's national average, and 159% of the European Union's average.

Within Germany and parts of Europe, the city is known for its leading handball team, ''THW Kiel''. The city is home to the University of Kiel (established in 1665).

History

Middle Ages

Kiel Fjord was first settled by Normans or Vikings who wanted to colonize the land which they had raided, and for many years they settled in German villages. This is evidenced by the geography and architecture of the fjord. Kiel was originally founded in 1233 as ''Holstenstadt tom Kyle'' by Count Adolf IV, and granted Lübeck city rights in 1242 by Adolf's eldest son, John I of Schauenburg.

Kiel, the capital of Schleswig-Holstein, was a member of the Hanseatic League from 1284 until it was expelled in 1518 for harbouring pirates. In 1431, the ''Kieler Umschlag'' (trade fair) was first held, which became the central market for goods and money in Schleswig-Holstein, until it began to lose significance from 1850 on, being held for the last time in 1900, until recently when it has been restarted.

Modern Times

The University of Kiel was founded on 29 September 1665, by Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. A number of important scholars, including Theodor Mommsen and Max Planck, studied or taught there.

From 1773 to 1864, the town belonged to the King of Denmark. However, because the king ruled Holstein as a fief of the Holy Roman Empire only through a personal union, the town was not incorporated as part of Denmark proper. Thus Kiel belonged to Germany, but it was ruled by the Danish king. Even though the Empire was abolished in 1806, the Danish king continued to rule Kiel, only through his position as Duke of Holstein. When Schleswig and Holstein rebelled against Denmark in 1848 (the First Schleswig War), Kiel became the capital of Schleswig-Holstein until the Danish victory in 1852.

During the Second Schleswig War in 1864, Kiel and the rest of Schleswig and Holstein were conquered by a German Confederation alliance of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. After the war, Kiel was briefly administered by both the Austrians and the Prussians, but the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 led to the annexation of Kiel by Prussia in 1867. On 24 March 1865 King William I based Prussia's Baltic Sea fleet in Kiel instead of Danzig (Gdańsk).

When William I of Prussia became Emperor William I of the German Empire in 1871, he designated Kiel and Wilhelmshaven as ''Reichskrieghäfen'', or "Imperial War Harbour". The prestigious Yacht Club of Kiel was established in 1887 with Prince Henry of Prussia as its patron. Emperor Wilhelm II became its commodore in 1891.

Because of its new role as Germany's main naval base, Kiel quickly increased in size in the following years, from 18,770 in 1864 to about 200,000 in 1910. Much of the old town centre and other surroundings were levelled and redeveloped to provide for the growing city.

Kiel was the site of the sailors' mutiny which sparked the German Revolution in late 1918. Just before the end of World War I, the German fleet stationed at Kiel was ordered to be sent out on a last great battle with the Royal Navy. The sailors, who thought of this as a suicide mission which would have no effect on the outcome of the war, decided they had nothing to lose and refused to leave the safety of the port. The sailors' actions and the lack of response of the government to them, fuelled by an increasingly critical view of the Kaiser, sparked a revolution which caused the abolition of the monarchy and the creation of the Weimar Republic.

During World War II, Kiel remained one of the major naval bases and shipbuilding centres of the German Reich. There was also slave labour for the local industry. Because of its status as a naval port and as production site for submarines, Kiel was heavily bombed by the Allies during World War II. The bombing destroyed 80% of the remaining old town, 72% of the central residential areas, and 83% of the industrial areas. During the RAF bombing of 23/24 July 1944, Luftwaffe fighters tried to intercept the spoof (i.e. decoy) force instead of the main force attacking Kiel, and there was no water for three days; trains and buses did not run for eight days and there was no gas available for cooking for three weeks. The town, its port, the canal and its scientists were seized by the British T-Force under Tony Hibbert just after the German surrender to the western Allies to stop them and access to Denmark falling into Soviet hands, despite it being beyond the stop-line set by the surrender.

Just like other heavily bombed German cities, the city was rebuilt after the war. In 1946, Kiel was named the seat of government for Schleswig-Holstein, and it officially became the state's capital in 1972.

Kiel is once again an important maritime centre of Germany, with high-tech shipbuilding, submarine construction and one of the three leading institutions in the field of marine sciences in Europe, the IFM-GEOMAR. Regular ferries to Scandinavia and Russia, as well as the largest sailing event in the world called the Kiel Week (Kieler Woche) in German and The Kiel Regatta in English. The ''Kieler Umschlag'' is another festival, which has been taking place since 1975. Kiel is also home to a large service sector and a number of research institutions including the University of Kiel, which is the oldest, largest, and most prestigious university in the state.

Main sights

The oldest building in the city is the 13th century ''Nikolaikirche'' (St Nicholas' Church), which has a sculpture of Ernst Barlach in front of it called ''Geistkämpfer''.

Kiel is Schleswig-Holstein's largest city, and therefore Kiel's shopping district is a major attraction, and will see further improvement and renovation efforts in the upcoming years. Kiel's ''Holstenstrasse'' (Holsten Street) is one of the longest shopping miles in Germany. The ''Rathaus'' (town hall), which was built in 1911, has an operating paternoster and the design of its tower was based on one in Venice. The square in front of it is bordered by a lake and the Opera House. There are also a number of lakes and parks in the city centre, e.g. Schrevenpark (Schreven Park). There are two botanical gardens, the Old Botanical Garden and New Botanical Garden.

As Kiel is situated near the sea, the beaches to the north of Kiel such as Kiel-Strande, Kiel-Schilksee, Möltenort and Laboe are also popular places to visit in spring and summer.

Kiel Week, more properly known in English as the Kiel Regatta, is the largest sailing event in the world and takes place in the last week in every June. Many thousands of boats and ships of all kinds and eras take part in the parade. Kiel Week is also a festival, ''Volksfest'' and fair as well as a maritime event.

There are a number of sports venues in Kiel, most notably the Sparkassen-Arena (formerly known as Baltic Sea Hall or ''Ostseehalle''), which is the home ground of one of the most successful team handball clubs in the world and multiple German champion, THW Kiel. There is currently no Bundesliga football club in Kiel, but Holstein Kiel plays at Holstein-Stadion. There are a number of yachting and sailing clubs in picturesque settings.

Kiel also features a number of museums, including zoological, geological, historical, fine art, industrial, and military museums. Notable is the Stadtmuseum (City Museum) in Warleberger Hof, which in addition to preserving architecture from the 16th Century and historic rooms with painted stucco ceilings, displays urban and cultural exhibits of the 19th and 20th Century. Particularly intriguing is the history of the carnival in Kiel. Laboe is home to the Laboe Naval Memorial, as well as the World War II submarine ''U 995'', which are popular tourist sites.

Economy

Kiel's economy is dominated by the service sector, transport and maritime industries. Kiel is also one of the major ports of the German Navy, and a leading centre of German high-tech military and civil shipbuilding. Kiel is the home of HDW Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH, a shipyard founded in 1838 famed for its construction of submarines. HDW built the first German submarine ''Brandtaucher'' in 1850, and is today a subsidiary of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, the leading German group of shipyards.

In 2005, the GDP per person was €35,618, which is well above the national average of Germany and 159% of the European Union average.

2005 EUROSTAT	Nominal GDP per capita
align=left	align=right	align=right

Districts

The city districts of Düsternbrook, Schreventeich, Ravensberg, and Blücherplatz are popular places to live with many 19th century buildings, villas, and tree-lined streets. The government offices, ministries and parliament of the state of Schleswig-Holstein are also mainly based in these neighbourhoods, particularly Düsternbrook. In contrast to the heavy bomb damage inflicted on the central parts of the city during World War II, most of the residential areas were not severely damaged. Hence, Kiel's more modern-style inner city and Kiel's more historic/elaborate residential areas stand in architectural contrast to one another.

There are plans for large-scale improvement and building efforts for the inner city, providing better pavements, better access to and view of the waterfront and a generally more attractive feel to the place. However, these plans have yet to be implemented in coming years.

Transport

Kiel is situated near an important pan-European motorway, the A 7, which connects northern Europe with central and southern Europe.

Kiel has a central station with trains to Hamburg, Lübeck, Flensburg and to Husum.

Kiel is a significant port for passenger and cargo shipping from Germany to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Passenger ferries operate from and to Gothenburg in Sweden (Stena Line, 13½ hours, daily), Oslo in Norway (Color Line, 19½ hours, daily), and Klaipėda in Lithuania (DFDS Lisco, 21 hours, 6 times per week). Cargo ferries operate from and to Saint Petersburg in Russia (DFDS Lisco, twice a week), and Kaliningrad in Russia (NSA, once a week).

The nearest international airport is Hamburg Airport, which is situated approximately to the south of Kiel.

Notable people

Tomma Abts (b. 1967), painter and Turner Prize winner

Eric Braeden (b. 1941), actor

Alfred Brinckmann (1891–1967), chessmaster

Ernst Busch (1900–1980), actor, writer & collector of songs

Britta Carlson (b. 1978), footballer

Francisco Copado (b. 1974), footballer

Heinrich Dahlinger (1922–2008), Fieldhandball player

Bruno Diekmann (1897–1982), politician

Cora E. (Sylvia Macco) (b. 1968), musician

Thilo Martinho (Thilo Herrmann) (b. 1960), musician

Michael F. Feldkamp (b. 1962), historian

Heinrich Heesch (1906–1995), mathematician

Rudolf Hell (1901–2002), inventor

Heike Henkel (b. 1964), athlete

Johannes Wolfgang Willy Friedlieb Heuer (1910–1993), businessman

August Howaldt, founder of Howaldtswerke

Sigrid Hunke (1913–1999), author

Otto Kretschmer, U-boat commander

Oswalt Kolle (1928–2010), author

Andreas Köpke (b. 1962), footballer

August Leskien (1840–1916), linguist

Henri Lehmann (1814–1882), painter

Helmut Lemke (1907–1990), politician

Marina Lewycka (b. 1946), author

Detlev von Liliencron (1844–1909), poetrist

Carl Loewe (1796–1869), composer

Judith Malina (b. 1926) in Kiel, co-director and founder of the Living Theatre in the United States, American actress

Hermann Michel (b. 1912), SS officer

Peter III of Russia (1728–1762)

Max Planck (1858–1947), physicist

Heinz Reincke (1925–2011), actor

Karl Leonhard Reinhold, philosopher

Sidney Sam (b. 1988), footballer

Harro Schulze-Boysen (1909–1942), Resistance fighter

Ernst von Salomon (1902–1972), writer

Ulrich Schnauss (b. 1977), musician

Manfred Stahnke (b. 1951), composer

Ernst Steinitz (1871–1928), mathematician

Gerhard Stoltenberg (1928–2001) politician

Johannes Nikolaus Tetens, philosopher

Ferdinand Tönnies (1855–1936), sociologist, philosopher

Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker (1912–2007), physicist, philosopher

Feridun Zaimoglu (b. 1964), author and playwright

Heiner Zieschang (1936–2004), mathematician

Carl Zuckmayer (1896–1977), writer and playwright

Dieter Laser, Actor

Sister towns

Kiel is twinned with: Brest, France (1964) Coventry, United Kingdom (1947) Gdynia, Poland (1985) Kaliningrad, Russia (1992) Formosa, Brazil (1810 — at that time in ) Sovetsk, Russia (1992) Stralsund, Germany (1987 — at that time in ) Tallinn, Estonia (1986 — at that time in the ) Vaasa, Finland (1967) Samsun, Türkei (2010)

See also

Kiel, Wisconsin

References

External links

Category:1233 establishments Category:Cities in Schleswig-Holstein Category:Populated coastal places in Germany Category:German state capitals Category:Hanseatic League Category:Port cities and towns in Germany Category:Port cities and towns of the Baltic Sea

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Coordinates	56°09′″N10°13′″N
name	Mick Taylor
background	solo_singer
birth name	Michael Kevin Taylor
alias	Little Mick
born	January 17, 1949Welwyn Garden City, EnglandUnited Kingdom
instrument	Guitar, bass guitar, vocals,keyboards, percussions,slide guitar
genre	Blues-rock, Hard-rock, rock
occupation	Musician, songwriter
years active	1965–present
label	Columbia, Decca, Rolling Stones, Atlantic, EMI, Virgin, CBS, Maze Records
associated acts	John Mayall's Bluesbreakers(1966-69),The Rolling Stones (1969-74)
website	Mick Taylor.net
notable instruments	Gibson Les PaulGibson SGFender StratocasterFender Telecaster }}

Michael Kevin "Mick" Taylor (born 17 January 1949 in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and The Rolling Stones (1969–74). Since resigning from the Rolling Stones in December 1974 at age 25, Taylor has worked with numerous other artists and has released solo albums.

Biography

Early career

Taylor was born to a working-class family in Welwyn Garden City, but was raised in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England, where his father worked as a fitter for De Havilland aircraft company. He began playing guitar at age nine, learning to play from his mother's younger brother. As a teenager, he formed bands with schoolmates and started performing concerts under names such as The Juniors and the Strangers. They also appeared on television and put out a single. Part of the band was recruited for a new group called The Gods, which included Ken Hensley (later of Uriah Heep fame). In 1966, The Gods opened for Cream at the Starlite Ballroom in Wembley.

In 1965 at age 16, Taylor went to see a John Mayall's Bluesbreakers performance at "The Hop" Community Centre, Welwyn Garden City. A former drummer with the Juniors, Danny Bacon, remembers: "On the night in question, I had gone to The Hop with some guys from our band, former schoolmates and Ex-Juniors Mick Taylor and Alan Shacklock. It was after John Mayall had finished his first set without a guitarist that it became clear that for some reason Eric Clapton was not going to show up. A group of local musicians, which included myself, Robert 'Jab' Als, Herbie Sparks, and others, along with three local guitarists—Alan Shacklock, Mick Casey (formerly of the Trekkas) and Mick Taylor—were in attendance." Taylor himself has said after seeing that Clapton hadn't appeared, but that his guitar had already been set up on the stage, had approached John Mayall during the interval, asking if he could play with them, mentioning that he'd heard their albums and knew some of the songs. After a moment of deliberation, Mayall agreed. Taylor amended, "I wasn't thinking that this was a great opportunity.. I just really wanted to get up on stage and play the guitar."

Taylor played the second set with Mayall's band, and afterwards, they exchanged phone numbers, which proved to be pivotal in his career a few years later. Taylor had won Mayall's respect, and when he was 17, Mayall was looking for another guitarist to fill the vacancy left after Peter Green's resignation. Mayall contacted Taylor, and invited him to take Green's place. Taylor made his debut with the Bluesbreakers at the Manor House, an old blues club in North London. For those in the music scene the night was an event... "Let's go and see this 17-year-old kid try and replace Eric". Before he turned 18, Taylor toured and recorded the album ''Crusade'' with John Mayall's Bluesbreakers. From 1966 to 1969, Taylor developed a guitar style that is blues-based with Latin and jazz influences. Later on in his career, he further developed his skills as a slide guitarist.

In 1967, Mick made the drawings for Donovan's ''Gift From a Flower to a Garden'' double LP.

The Rolling Stones

After Brian Jones left the The Rolling Stones in June 1969, Mayall recommended Taylor to Mick Jagger. Taylor believed he was being called in to be a session musician at his first studio session with the Rolling Stones. An impressed Jagger and Keith Richards invited Taylor back the following day to continue rehearsing and recording with the band. He overdubbed guitar on "Country Honk" "Live With Me" for the album ''Let It Bleed'', and for the single "Honky Tonk Women" released in the UK, on 4 July 1969. Taylor's onstage debut as a Rolling Stone, at the age of 20, was the free Hyde Park concert on 5 July 1969. An estimated quarter of a million people attended for a show that turned into a tribute to Brian Jones, who had died 3 days before the concert.

The Rolling Stones' 1971 release ''Sticky Fingers'' included "Sway" and "Moonlight Mile" which Taylor and Jagger had completed in Richards's absence. At the time Jagger stated: "We made [tracks] with just Mick Taylor, which are very good and everyone loves, where Keith wasn't there for whatever reasons ... It's me and [Mick Taylor] playing off each other - another feeling completely, because he's following my vocal lines and then extemporizing on them during the solos." However, Taylor was only credited as co-author of one track "Ventilator Blues", from the album ''Exile on Main St.'' (1972). Taylor was noted for his smooth lyrical touch and tone which contrasted with Richards's jagged and cutting technique.

After the 1973 European tour, Richards's drug problems had worsened and began affecting the ability of the band to function as a whole. Between recording sessions, the band members were living in various different countries and during this period Taylor appeared on Herbie Mann's ''London Underground'' (1974) and also appeared on Mann's album ''Reggae'' (1974).

It's Only Rock 'n Roll

In January 1974, while the band began recording the LP ''It's Only Rock 'n Roll'' at Musicland Studios in Munich, Taylor missed some of the sessions whilst he underwent surgery for acute sinusitis. When he arrived, he found it difficult to work with Richards. At one point during the Munich sessions, Richards confronted him, and said, "Oi! Taylor! You're playing too fuckin' loud. I mean, you're really good ''live,'' man, but you're fucking useless in the studio. Lay out, play later, whatever." Richards erased some of the tapes where Taylor had recorded guitar parts to some of the songs for ''It's Only Rock n' Roll'' Taylor was, however, present at all the sessions in April at Stargroves, England, where the LP was finished and most of the overdubs were recorded.

Not long after those recording sessions, Taylor went on a six-week expedition to Brazil, travelling down the Amazon River in a boat and exploring Latin music.

Just before the release of the album in October 1974, Taylor told Nick Kent from the ''NME'' magazine about the new LP and that he had co-written "Till the Next Goodbye" and "Time Waits for No One" with Jagger. Kent showed Taylor the record sleeve, which revealed the absence of any songwriting credits for Taylor. In an interview with Gary James, Taylor later said: "I was a bit peeved about not getting credit for a couple of songs, but that wasn't the whole reason [I left the band]. I guess I just felt like I had enough. I decided to leave and start a group with Jack Bruce. I never really felt, and I don't know why, but I never felt I was gonna stay with the Stones forever, even right from the beginning. In a 1997 interview with Mojo Magazine, Taylor said: "We used to fight and argue all the time. And one of the things I got angry about was that Mick had promised to give me some credit for some of the songs – and he didn't. I believed I'd contributed enough. Let's put it this way – without my contribution those songs would not have existed. There's not many but enough, things like "Sway" and "Moonlight Mile" on ''Sticky Fingers'' and a couple of others."

In December 1974, Taylor announced he was leaving the Rolling Stones. The bandmates were at a party in London when Taylor told Mick Jagger he was quitting and walked out. Taylor's decision came as a total shock to many. The Rolling Stones were due to start recording a new album in Munich, and the entire band was reportedly angry at Taylor for leaving at such short notice.

When interviewed by Jann Wenner of ''Rolling Stone'' magazine in 1995, Mick Jagger stated that Taylor never explained why he had left, and surmised that "[Taylor] wanted to have a solo career. I think he found it difficult to get on with Keith." In the same interview Jagger said of Taylor's contribution to the band: "I think he had a big contribution. He made it very musical. He was a very fluent, melodic player, which we never had, and we don't have now. Neither Keith nor [Ronnie Wood] plays that kind of style. It was very good for me working with him ... Mick Taylor would play very fluid lines against my vocals. He was exciting, and he was very pretty, and it gave me something to follow, to bang off. Some people think that's the best version of the band that existed". Asked if he agreed with that assessment, Jagger said: "I obviously can't say if I think Mick Taylor was the best, because it sort of trashes the period the band is in now." Charlie Watts stated: "I think we chose the right man for the job at that time just as Ronnie was the right man for the job later on. I still think Mick is great. I haven't heard or seen him play in a few years. But certainly what came out of playing with him are musically some of the best things we've ever done". Another statement, made by Keith Richards, is: "Mick Taylor is a great guitarist, but he found out the hard way that that's all he is".

In an essay about the Rolling Stones, printed after Taylor's resignation, music critic Robert Palmer of ''The New York Times'' wrote that "Taylor is the most accomplished technician who ever served as a Stone. A blues guitarist with a jazzman's flair for melodic invention, Taylor was never a rock and roller and never a showman."

Taylor has worked with his former bandmates on various occasions since leaving the Rolling Stones. In 1977 he attended London-based sessions for the John Phillips album ''Pay Pack & Follow'', appearing on several tracks alongside Jagger (vocals), Richards (guitar) and Wood (bass) - taking notable solos on the songs "Oh Virginia" and "Zulu Warrior". A possibly apocryphal story is that after Taylor played a particularly jaw-dropping solo in the studio, Richards half-jokingly exclaimed, "That's why I never liked you, you bastard!"

On 14 December 1981 he performed with the band at their concert at the Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri. Keith Richards appeared on stage at a Mick Taylor show at the Lone Star Cafe in New York on 28 December 1986, jamming on "Key to the Highway" and "Can't You Hear Me Knocking"; and Taylor is featured on one track ("I Could Have Stood You Up") on Richards' 1988 album ''Talk is Cheap''. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Mick Taylor along with the Rolling Stones in 1989. Taylor also worked with Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings in the early 1990s.

In addition to his contributions to Rolling Stones albums released during his tenure with the band, Taylor's guitar is also on two tracks on their 1981 release ''Tattoo You'': "Tops" and "Waiting on a Friend", both of which were originally recorded in 1972. (Taylor is sometimes mistakenly credited as playing on "Worried About You", but the solo on that track is performed by Wayne Perkins.)

Taylor's onstage presence with the Rolling Stones is preserved on the album ''Get Yer Ya-Yas Out!'', recorded over four concerts at Madison Square Garden in New York and the Civic Center in Boston in November 1969; in the documentary films ''Stones in the Park'' (released on DVD in 2001), ''Gimme Shelter'' (released in 1970) and ''Cocksucker Blues'' (unreleased); and in the concert film ''Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones'' (shown in cinemas in 1974). Bootleg recordings from the Rolling Stones' tours from 1969 through 1973 also document Taylor's concert performances with the Rolling Stones.

In March 2010, rumours started circulating that Taylor had contributed guitar work on the upcoming ''Exile on Main Street'' special edition release. This expanded version of the original double album includes 10 outtakes/alternate versions of songs. Taylor later revealed (in an interview with a journalist from Cleveland) that he had indeed recorded new guitar overdubs for the CD, at Mick Jagger's request. On 17 April 2010 (National Record Store Day), the new Rolling Stones single 'Plundered My Soul' came out, featuring recently recorded vocals and guitars by Jagger and Taylor.

Around this time, Eagle Rock Entertainment also announced that a first official release of the concert film ''Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones'' was planned for autumn 2010. Apart from a one-off cinema screening in the past, the film had previously only been available on bootleg videos and DVDs.

Post-Stones: 1975 to 1981

Taylor worked on various side projects during his tenure with the Rolling Stones.

In June 1973, he joined Mike Oldfield onstage at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in a performance of Oldfield's ''Tubular Bells''. Taylor was asked to take part in this project by Richard Branson as he felt Oldfield was unknown having just been signed to Branson's fledgling label, Virgin Records. Taylor joined Oldfield once more for a BBC television broadcast in November 1973.

After his resignation from the Rolling Stones, Jack Bruce invited him to form a new band with keyboardist Carla Bley and drummer Bruce Gary. In 1975, the band began rehearsals in London with tour dates scheduled for later that year. The group toured Europe, with a sound leaning more toward jazz, including a performance at the Dutch Pinkpop festival, but disbanded the following year. A performance recorded on 1 June 1975 (which was finally released on CD in 2003 as ''"Live at the Manchester Free Trade Hall"'' by The Jack Bruce Band) and another performance from the ''Old Grey Whistle Test'' seem to be the only material available from this brief collaboration.

Taylor appeared as a special guest of Little Feat at the Rainbow Theatre in London, 1977, sharing slide guitar with then-frontman Lowell George on "A Apolitical Blues": this song appears on Little Feat's critically acclaimed live album ''Waiting for Columbus''. In the summer of 1977 he collaborated with Pierre Moerlen's Gong for the album ''Espresso II'', released in 1978. Taylor began writing new songs and recruiting musicians for a solo album and worked on projects with Miller Anderson, Alan Merrill and others. He was present at many of the recording sessions for John Phillips' first solo album. The recordings for Phillips' album took place in London over a prolonged period between 1973 and 1977. This led to Taylor working with Keith Richards and Mick Jagger who were also working on the Phillips' album. Atlantic Records eventually cancelled the project but copies of the sessions(under titles "Half Stoned" and "Phillips '77") circulated among bootleg traders. The original tapes were rescued and restored and were officially released in 2002 as ''Pay Pack & Follow''. In 1977 Taylor signed a solo recording deal with CBS Records. By April 1978 he gave several interviews to music magazines to promote the new album which was finished, but would not be released for another year. In 1979 the album, titled ''Mick Taylor'', was released by CBS Records. The album material mixed rock, jazz and Latin-flavoured blues musical styles. The album reached #119 on the Billboard charts in early August with a stay of five weeks on the Billboard 200. CBS advised Taylor to promote the album through American radio stations but was unwilling to back the guitarist for any supporting tour. Already frustrated with this situation, Taylor took a break from the music industry for about a year.

In 1981, he toured Europe and the United States with Alvin Lee of Ten Years After, sharing the bill with Black Sabbath. He spent most of 1982 and 1983 on the road with John Mayall, for the "Reunion Tour" with John McVie of Fleetwood Mac and Colin Allen. During this tour Bob Dylan showed up backstage at The Roxy in Los Angeles in order to meet Taylor.

In 1983, Taylor joined Mark Knopfler and played on Dylan's ''Infidels'' album. He also appeared on Dylan's live album, ''Real Live'', as well as the follow-up studio album ''Empire Burlesque''. In 1984, Dylan asked Mick Taylor to assemble an experienced rock and roll band for a European tour he signed with Bill Graham. Ian McLagan was hired to play piano and hammond organ, Greg Sutton to play bass and Colin Allen, a long time friend of Taylor, on drums. The tour lasted for four weeks at venues such as Munich's Olympic Stadium Arena, sharing the bill with Carlos Santana and Joan Baez, who appeared on the same bill for a couple of shows.

Later career

Taylor guested with the Grateful Dead on September 24, 1988 at the last show of that year's Madison Square Garden run in New York. Taylor lived in New York throughout the 1980s. He battled with addiction problems before getting back on track in the second half of the 1980s and moving to Los Angeles in 1990. During this time Taylor did session work and toured in Europe, America and Japan with a band including Max Middleton (formerly of the Jeff Beck Group), Shane Fontayne, and Blondie Chaplin. In 1990 his CD "Stranger In This Town" was released by Maze Records backed up by a mini-tour including the record release party at the Hard Rock Cafe in Boston as well as gigs at the Paradise Theater.

Taylor moved back to England in the mid 1990s. Taylor never seemed to feel comfortable in his role as a former Rolling Stone until he released a new album in 2000, entitled, ''A Stone's Throw''. Playing at clubs and theatres as well as appearing at festivals has connected Taylor with an appreciative audience and fan base.

Mick began what was to be a significant series of collaborations with Carla Olson with their "Live at the Roxy" album ''Too Hot For Snakes''; the centerpiece of which is a extended 7 minute performance of "Sway". It was followed by Olson's ''Within An Ace'' which featured Taylor on seven songs, he appeared on three songs from ''Reap The Whirlwind'' and then again on Olson's ''The Ring Of Truth'', on which he plays lead guitar on nine tracks including a twelve minute version of the Jagger and Taylor song "Winter". Further work by Olson and Taylor can be heard on the Olson produced Barry Goldberg album ''Stoned Again''. Taylor went on to appear on Percy Sledge's ''Blue Night'' (1994), along with Steve Cropper, Bobby Womack and Greg Leisz.

In 2003, Taylor reunited with John Mayall for his 70th Birthday Concert in Liverpool along with Eric Clapton. A year later, in autumn 2004, he also joined John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers for a UK theatre tour. He toured the US East Coast with the Experience Hendrix group during October 2007. The Experience Hendrix group appeared at a series of concerts which were a homage to Jimi Hendrix and his musical legacy. Taylor played with Mitch Mitchell, Billy Cox, Buddy Guy, Hubert Sumlin and Robby Krieger.

In recent times Taylor reunited with Ronnie Wood (an old pal from his teenage years) at a benefit gig put on, organized and publicised by UK-domiciled US fellow Blues guitarist Stephen Dale Petit to save the 100 Club in London, on 1 December 2010. Other special guests at the show were Dick Taylor (first bassplayer in the Rolling Stones) and blues/jazz trombonist Chris Barber. Mick also toured the UK with Stephen Dale Petit appearing as Petit's Special Guest, featured on a Paul Jones BBC Radio 2 session with him and guested on Petit's 2010 Classic Rock magazine Album of the Year - "The Crave".

He also helped to promote the "Boogie For Stu" album, which was recorded by Ben Waters to honour Ian Stewart (original Stones pianist and co-founder of the band), by taking part in a concert to mark the CD's official launch at the Ambassadors Theatre, London on 9 March 2011. Proceeds from the event were donated to the British Heart Foundation. Although Mick Jagger and Keith Richards didn't show up, Taylor noticeably enjoyed performing with, amongst others, Charlie Watts, Ronnie Wood and Bill Wyman.

Personal life

Taylor has been married twice and has two daughters. Chloe (born 6 January 1971) is a daughter by his first wife Rose Millar. Taylor married Rose in 1975 after leaving the Stones, but the relationship was reportedly "on the rocks" before long and resulted in divorce only a few years later. His second daughter Emma was born from a short relationship with an American woman, who sang backing vocals with Taylor's band on one occasion.

Taylor currently resides in Suffolk.

Discography

With John Mayall's Bluesbreakers

''Crusade'' (Decca, 1967/LP, 1987/CD)

''Diary of a Band Volume 1 & 2'' (Decca, 1968/LP)

''Bare Wires'' (Decca, 1968/LP, 1988/CD )

''Blues from Laurel Canyon'' (Decca, 1968/LP, 1989/CD)

''Primal Solos'' (Decca, 1969/LP)

''Back to the Roots'' (Decca, 1971/LP, 2001 on 2CD)

''Return Of The Bluesbreakers'' (AIM, 1985/LP, 1993/CD)

''The 1982 Reunion Concert'' (Repertoire records, 1994/CD) with John Mayall, Mick Taylor, Colin Allen and John McVie

''Wake Up Call'' (1993)

''Silver Tones - The Best of John Mayall & The Bluesbreakers'' (Silvertone Records, 1998)

''Along For The Ride'' (2001)

''Rolling With The Blues'' (2003) - selection of live recordings '72-'82

''Essentially John Mayall'' (Eagle Rock Records, 2007) 5 CD Box Set

With The Rolling Stones

''Through the Past, Darkly (Big Hits Vol. 2)'' (1969) (compilation)

:Taylor plays on "Honky Tonk Women"

''Let It Bleed'' (1969)

:Taylor plays on "Country Honk" and "Live With Me"

''Get Yer Ya-Yas Out!'' (1970)

''Sticky Fingers'' (1971)

''Hot Rocks, 1964-1971'' (1972) (compilation)

''Exile on Main St.'' (1972)

''Goats Head Soup'' (1973)

''It's Only Rock 'n Roll'' (1974)

''Made in the Shade'' (1975) (compilation of hits 1971-1974)

''Metamorphosis'' (1975)

:Taylor plays on "I Don't Know Why" and "Jiving Sister Fanny".

''Sucking in the Seventies'' (1981) (compilation of hits, album cuts and outtakes 1974-1981)

''Tattoo You'' (1981)

:Taylor plays on "Tops" and "Waiting on a Friend", both tracks recorded in 1972 during the ''Goats Head Soup'' sessions.

''Rewind (1971-1984)'' (1984) (compilation of hits 1971-1983)

''Singles Collection: The London Years''. (1989) (compilation of singles 1963-1971)

''Jump Back: The Best of The Rolling Stones'' (1993) (compilation of hits 1971-1989)

''Forty Licks'' (2002) (compilation 1964-2002)

''Rarities 1971-2003'' (2005)

:Taylor plays on "Let It Rock" (live 1971) and the 1974 b-side "Through The Lonely Nights".

Non-Rolling Stones work with Rolling Stones members:

''Pay, Pack and Follow'' (John Phillips, first official release by Eagle Rock Records, 2001)

:from 1973-1979 recording sessions in London aka "Half Stoned" sessions :produced by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards

''I've Got My Own Album to Do'' (Ronnie Wood solo album) (1974)

''Now Look'' (Ronnie Wood solo album) (July 1975)

''Talk Is Cheap'' (Keith Richards solo album) (1988)

With Jack Bruce

''Live on the Old Grey Whistle Test'' (Strange Fruit, 1995). Tracks from several Whistle Test shows recorded between '75 and '81. Seven of the songs feature Taylor on guitar.

''Live at the Manchester Free Trade Hall'' (2 CD, Polydor, 2003)

With Bob Dylan

''Infidels'' (1983)

''Real Live (In Europe, 1984)'' (1984)

''Empire Burlesque'' (1985)

''The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991'' (1991)

Solo discography

''Mick Taylor'' (1979) US #119 [5 wks on top 200]

''Stranger in This Town'' (1990)

''Arthur's Club-Geneve 1995'' (Mick Taylor & Snowy White) (Promo CD/TV Especial)

''A Stone's Throw'' (2000)

''Coastin' Home'' aka ''Live at the 14 Below'' (1995) re-issued 2002

''14 Below'' (2003)

''Shadow Man''

With Carla Olson

''Too Hot For Snakes'' (''Live at the Roxy'') (1991 live album)

''Within An Ace'' (1993)

''Reap The Whirlwind(1994, Virgin Records Europe)

''Special - The best of Carla Olson (1995, Virgin Records Sweden)

''The Ring of Truth'' (2001)

''Too Hot For Snakes'' plus (2008, Collectors' Choice) 2 CD set of the Roxy album plus "You Gotta Move" and a 2nd disc of 13 studio tracks 1993 - 2004 including a previously unreleased version of "Winter" and "Think I'm Goin' Mad" from the Carla-produced Barry Goldberg album ''Stoned Again''.

Other session work

''Tubular Bells Premiere'' Mike Oldfield (June '73) Queen Elizabeth Hall

''Tubular Bells'' (Mike Oldfield) Telecast Tubular Bells Part One and Tubular Bells Part Two. Recorded at BBC Broadcasting House November 1973 and aired in early '74 and June '74. Available on Oldfield's Elements DVD.

''The Tin Man Was A Dreamer'' (Nicky Hopkins) (1973)

"London Underground" (Herbie Mann 1974)

''Live European Tour'' Billy Preston - (A&M; Records, 1974). Recorded with Stones Mobile Studio during the '73 tour. Preston opened up for the band with Mick Taylor on guitar.

released on CD (A& M - Japan, 2002)

''Have Blues Will Travel'' (Speedo Jones) (Integrity Records, 1988)

''Reggae II'' (Herbie Mann) (Atlantic, 1976)

''Just A Story From America'' (Elliott Murphy) (Columbia 1977)

''Waiting for Columbus'' (Little Feat) (1978) double CD released 2002

''Expresso II'' (Gong) (1978)

Downwind'' (Pierre Moerlen's Gong) (1979) lead guitar on What you know

''Alan Merrill'' (Alan Merrill)'s solo album (Polydor, 1985) recorded in London in 1977

''Vinyl'' (Dramarama) (1991)

''Burnin' Blues'' (Coupe De Villes) (1992)

''Once in a Blue Moon'' (Gerry Groom) (1993)

''Cartwheels'' (Anthony Thistlethwaite) (1993)

''Hecho en Memphis'' (Ratones Paranoicos, Sony Music) (1993)

''Let's get stoned'' (The Chesterfield Kings) (Mirror Records,1994)

''Crawfish and Caviar'' (Anthony Thistlethwaite)

''Blue Night'' (Percy Sledge, Virgin Records, 1994)

''Mick & I'' (2001) Miyuki & Mick Taylor

''From Clarksdale to Heaven'' (BlueStorm, 2002) John Lee Hooker Tribute Album.

''Stoned Again (Barry Goldberg, Antone's Records, 2002)

''Meaning Of Life'' (Todd Sharpville) (Cathouse/Universal, 2003)

''Key To Love'' (Debbie Davies) (Shanachie Records, 2003)

''Shadow Man'' (re-release of a Sasha album from '96) (2003)

Originally released by Alpha Music in 1996, this "Mick Taylor featuring Sasha" album should have read "Sasha featuring Mick Taylor", but the company felt it would sell better under a household name. It features Mick Taylor on guitar, but is basically a Sasha Gracanin album.

''Treasure Island'' (Nikki Sudden) (Secretly Canadian, 2004)

''Unterwegs'' (Crazy Chris Kramer) (2009)

Music DVDs

''Blues Alive'' video (RCA/Columbia Pictures 1983), recorded at Capitol Theatre, NJ 1982

''Jamming with the Blues Greats'' - DVD release from the 1983 video, featuring John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (Mick Taylor, Colin Allen, John McVie) and special guests Albert King, Etta James, Buddy Guy, Junior Wells and Sippie Wallace (Lightyear/Image Entertainment 2005)

''The Stones in the Park'' Hyde Park concert video (Granada Television, 1969)

:released on DVD (VCI, 2001)

''Gimme Shelter'' (Maysles Films, 1970) music documentary film by Albert and David Maysles, shot at the Rolling Stones concerts at Madison Square Garden, NY on 27/28 November and Altamont, CA on 6th Dec December 1969.

:restored and released on DVD (Criterion, 2000)

''John Mayall, the Godfather of British Blues'' documentary about John Mayall's life and career (Eagle Rock, 2004. Region 1: 2005)

''70th Birthday Concert'' (Eagle Rock, 2004. Region 1: 2005). Bluesbreakers Charity Concert (Unite for Unicef) filmed in Liverpool, July 2003. John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers with special guests Chris Barber, Eric Clapton and Mick Taylor.

"Stones In Exile" 2010

"Ladies & Gentlemen The Rolling Stones" 2010

---- Music DVDs - Unofficial

''Cocksucker Blues''

Filmography

''The Man Who Fell to Earth'' (1976) directed by Nicolas Roeg

Contributed to soundtrack. Played guitar on various songs, including "Hello Mary Lou" after developing ideas for soundtrack with John Phillips.

''The Last of the Finest'' (1990) directed by John Mackenzie. Assisted composer Jack Nitzsche with the moviescore

''Bad City Blues'' (1999) directed by Michael Stevens. After the book by Tim Willocks.

Music composers: Mick Taylor and Max Middleton

Awards

Inducted into the Rock 'n Roll Hall of Fame (with the Rolling Stones, 1989)

Taylor's handprints have been on Hollywood's RockWalk since 6 September 1998.

Guitar history

Throughout his career, Taylor has used various different guitars, but is mostly associated with the Gibson Les Paul. His first Les Paul was bought when he was still playing with The Gods (from Selmer's, London in '65). He acquired his second Les Paul in 1967, not long after joining The Bluesbreakers: Taylor came to Olympic Studios to buy a Les Paul that Keith Richards wanted to sell. On the '72/'73 tours Taylor used a couple of Sunburst Les Paul guitars without a Bigsby. Other guitars include a Gibson ES-355 for the recording of ''Sticky Fingers'' and ''Exile on Main Street'', a Gibson SG on the 1969, 1970 and 1971 tours, and occasionally a Fender Stratocaster and a Fender Telecaster.

References

External links

Mick Taylor.net

Interview with Gary James from classicbands.com

Interview with JAZZed Magazine. Oct 2007

Rolling Stone Magazine article about ''Exile on Main Street''

UK Daily Mail article about Mick Taylor. Jan 2007

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Category:1949 births Category:Living people Category:English blues guitarists Category:English guitarists Category:English rock guitarists Category:Lead guitarists Category:John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers members Category:The Rolling Stones members Category:Columbia Records artists Category:People from Welwyn Garden City Category:Slide guitarists Category:English film score composers Category:Decca Records artists Category:Fingerstyle guitarists Category:British rhythm and blues boom musicians

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