Triple Zero (000) is the primary national emergency number in Australia. The Emergency Call Service is operated by Telstra a condition of its telecommunications licence, and is intended only for use in life-threatening or time-critical emergencies. Other emergency numbers in Australia are 112 for GSM mobile and satellite phones, which is answered by a Triple Zero (000) operator and 106 for TDD textphones. Triple Zero (000) was also the emergency number in Denmark and Finland until the introduction of the 112 number in 1993.

For calls to the State Emergency Service the Australia wide number 132 500 can be used (except for Northern territory). this number should only be used for non life threatening situations.

History

Prior to 1969, Australia did not have a national number for emergency services; the police, fire and ambulance services possessed many phone numbers, one for each local unit. In 1961, the office of the Postmaster General (PMG) introduced the Triple Zero (000) number in major population centres and near the end of the 1980s extended its coverage to nationwide. The number Triple Zero (000) was chosen for several reasons: technically, it suited the dialling system for the most remote automatic exchanges, particularly outback Queensland. These communities used the digit 0 to select an automatic trunk line to a centre. In the most remote communities, two 0s had to be used to reach a main centre; thus dialling 0+0, plus another 0 would call (at least) an operator. Zero is closest to the finger stall on Australian rotary dial phones, so it was easy to dial in darkness.

911 was previously considered as a potential emergency number, though existing numbering arrangements make this unfeasible due to homes and businesses being assigned numbers beginning with 911 .

Calling Triple Zero (000)

Calling Triple Zero (000) connects the caller to a Telstra operator who will then connect the caller to the emergency service organisation calltaker. Telstra operators do not take any details or dispatch services; instead they ask the caller if they require the "Police, Fire, Ambulance?" and their location if calling from a mobile phone or nomadic service (i.e. Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP). The caller is then connected to the relevant emergency service answer point as requested by the caller.

As soon as the emergency service calltaker answers the call, the available caller location information is transferred to the emergency service. The emergency service calltaker will then query the caller for the relevant details and dispatch the required response.

The caller's address is always available to Telstra operators for fixed services in Australia even if the number is "private" (except for VoIP services). However, emergency service organisation calltakers will always ask for the address of the emergency to be stated whenever possible to ensure an accurate location is provided - this is especially important in the case of "third-party" callers who are not personally on the scene of the incident (e.g relatives or alarm monitoring corporations). When calling from a mobile telephone, callers should always attempt to provide accurate location details. This will assist emergency calltakers, and will expedite emergency service dispatch, as this information is not always readily available during the call.

Within Australia, Triple Zero (000) is a free call from any telephone. Dialling Triple Zero (000) (or 112) on most Australian GSM mobile phones will override any keypad lock, and if the caller's home network is out of range, the phone will attempt to use other carrier's networks to relay the call. Interpreter services may also be available once connected to Emergency Services.

Due to special configuration in their firmware, some 3G or GSM mobile phones sold in Australia will redirect other emergency numbers, such as 9-1-1 and 9-9-9, to Triple Zero (000). These calls are sent out by the handset as an emergency flag to the network and as such are treated in the same way as a call to Triple Zero (000).

Victoria

In the state of Victoria, emergency service dispatch and call-taking for Police, Ambulance in most parts of the state, and both rural and metropolitan fire services, is handled by the Emergency Services Telecommunications Authority (ESTA). ESTA operates over three sites, located in the Melbourne CBD, East Burwood, and Mount Helen. Currently, some rural Ambulance communication is still facilitated at a local level by Ambulance Victoria, however the various regional ambulance call-taking centres are progressively being rolled into the Mount Helen ESTA facility. When a person calls 000 for emergency response within Victoria, the Telstra operator will connect him or her to the relevant ESTA facility, where a trained calltaker will collect information from the caller, and enter this into the Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) system. Using this information, a trained dispatcher will respond the appropriate emergency services or resources. Services are often already being notified by the dispatcher while the call-taker is still obtaining further information or giving advice, such as guiding the caller through CPR. ESTA is also responsible for Victorian State Emergency Service call-taking and dispatch, although this service cannot be contacted by dialling 000, as SES calls are not considered to be life-threatening. Many ESTA practices and protocols are standardised across all emergency services agencies, and all agencies use the same computer network. The result is complete and instantaneous information sharing between emergency services.

Issues

SES

As the Australian Communications and Media Authority does not regard State Emergency Service (SES) calls as life-threatening, this service cannot be contacted via Triple Zero (000). If dialling Triple Zero (000), asking Telstra for the SES will result in connection to a recorded announcement explaining how to contact these services.

2003 overload in Melbourne

On 3 December 2003, floods and storms in Melbourne caused a large influx of Triple Zero (000) calls, which prevented some calls from being answered immediately. This caused some users interviewed by authorities to believe that they may have accidentally dialed the wrong number. A subsequent investigation recommended that a recorded announcement be implemented to assure callers that their calls were being connected. Callers to Triple Zero (000) are now greeted with a recorded message, which states "You have dialed emergency triple-zero. Your call is being connected."

Triple Oh

Emergency services and Australia's Communications Regulator prefer the phrase "triple zero" over "triple oh" because of potential confusion and misunderstanding over keying the number when using alpha-numeric keypads. This could cause people to dial "666" in an emergency, not Triple Zero (000), or even enter the alphabet characters OOO if using a computer-based dialler or telephone software such as VoIP (a feature intended to be used for numbers advertised as a phrase or word, such as 13 CABS or 1800 REVERSE).

Remote locations

One major obstacle in earlier 2009 is the inability of operators of triple-0 to use GPS within GSM or CDMA systems to accurately locate distressed or injured persons using mobile phones visibly away from roads. Presently, operators must ask the caller exactly where they are. The answer to this may need to correspond to an existing road name (which may be practically impossible for distressed person(s) some kilometres away from a road) prior to the Emergency Service Organisation operator being able to dispatch an emergency service vehicle. In 2010, the Australian Communications and Media Authority are researching options that may provide improved location information for mobile services when dialling Triple Zero (000).

David Iredale

The NSW State Labor Government has admitted to failings regarding the death of David Iredale, a high school student who died of dehydration in the bush near Katoomba in late 2006. Iredale made several calls for help to 000 prior to his death. Emergency services, specifically the NSW Ambulance Service Triple-zero call centre, were accused of inappropriately handling Iredale's calls; he was not provided with any medical advice, and operators were accused of being "pre-occupied" with obtaining a street address to send help to, despite the fact that Iredale was located in the bush. An inquest set up to investigate failings in the 000 system as a result of his death identified serious issues in the practices used by 000 operators.

See also

111 Emergency phone number in New Zealand.

112 Emergency phone number across the European Union and on GSM mobile networks across the world.

119 Emergency phone number in parts of East Asia.

911 Emergency phone number in US and Canada.

999 Emergency phone number in Ireland, Poland and United Kingdom (where it works parallel to 112). Also an emergency number in several non-EU countries.

Emergency telephone

Emergency telephone number

In case of emergency (ICE) entry in the mobile phone book.

References

External links

Australian Disaster Information Network: Triple Zero (000) - Australia's Emergency Call Service

Australian Communications and Media Authority: Emergency Calls Service information

Emergency Services Telecommunications Authority (VIC)

Category:Communications in Australia Category:Emergency telephone numbers Category:Telecommunications in Australia

fr:000 pt:Emergência 000 ro:0-0-0 sah:000 simple:Triple-Zero

name	Alexandra Stan
alt	Alexandra Stan
nickname	Stanny, ALE(a-lee)
years active	2009–present
background	solo_singer
birth name	Alexandra Stan
birth date	June 10, 1989
origin	Constanța, Romania
label	Maan Music, Media Pro Music, Ultra Records
instrument	Vocals
genre	House, pop, dance, R&B;
occupation	Singer-songwriter, musician, entertainer, model, dancer
associated acts	Carlprit
website	}}

Alexandra Stan (born June 10, 1989 in Constanța, Romania) is a Romanian singer-songwriter.

Biography

Alexandra Stan was born on June 10, 1989 in Constanța, Romania. She studied at the "Traian" Lyceum in Constanța and as of 2011 she is enrolled in her second year as a student at the Faculty of Management Andrei Saguna. In the past she has participated in various music-related contests with a notable appearance at the Mamaia Festival section interpretation.

In 2009, she released her debut promotional single, "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" The following year her first official single was released, "Mr. Saxobeat", which reached number one on the Romanian Airplay Chart in November 2010. The song also reached the top spot on the Romanian Top 100. From then on it slowly began to climb the charts in Europe, becoming an international hit, peaking within the top 10 in over 20 countries. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" served as her second single in US and Canada, released in May 2011. Her second single worldwide is "Get Back (ASAP)", which is currently climbing the charts and peaked at number four Romania.

Discography

Albums

! Album Title	! Album details
''Saxobeats''		* Release: September 9, 2011	* Label: Columbia Records	* Format: [[Compact Disc

Singles

{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Year ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Song ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Peak chart positions ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Certifications ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|ROM !style="width:3em;font-size:85%"|AUT !style="width:3em;font-size:85%"|CAN ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|FRA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|GER ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|IRE ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | ITA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|SPA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | SWI ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|UK ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|US |- | 2009 ! scope="row"| "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |rowspan="5"| ''Saxobeats'' |- | rowspan="1"|2010 ! scope="row"| "Mr. Saxobeat" | 1 || 1 || 25 || 6 || 1 || 6 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 3 || 38 | ITA: 2× Platinum SWE: Platinum DEN: Gold SPA: Gold |- | rowspan="3"|2011 ! scope="row"| "Get Back (ASAP)" | 4 || — || — || 18 || — || — || 37 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "One Million" (featuring Carlprit) | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |}

Music videos

Year	Song	Album
	"Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)"
	"Mr. Saxobeat"
	"Get Back (ASAP)"

References

External links

Alexandra Stan at Music-covers

Fans Website

German Fan Website

Category:Articles created via the Article Wizard Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:People from Constanţa Category:Romanian dance musicians Category:Romanian female singers

cs:Alexandra Stan da:Alexandra Stan de:Alexandra Stan es:Alexandra Stan fr:Alexandra Stan hy:Ալեքսանդրա Ստան he:אלכסנדרה סטן hr:Alexandra Stan it:Alexandra Stan hu:Alexandra Stan nl:Alexandra Stan ja:アレクサンドラ・スタン no:Alexandra Stan pl:Alexandra Stan pt:Alexandra Stan ro:Alexandra Stan ru:Стан, Александра fi:Alexandra Stan sv:Alexandra Stan tr:Alexandra Stan uk:Александра Стан