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Raja Shoukat Ali Abbasi - President PPP District Rawalpindi - Bhutto Shaheed Birthday 2012
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  • Duration: 11:20
  • Uploaded: 26 Feb 2012
Speech of Raja Shoukat Ali Abbasi (President PPP District Rawalpindi) at the occasion of birthday of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto arranged by Raja Mohsin Ali Saghir Bhatti. Raja Shoukat Abbasi (President PPP district Rawalpindi), Raja Muhamm...
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Raja Shoukat Ali Abbasi - President PPP District Rawalpindi - Bhutto Shaheed Birthday 2012
Rawalpindi Sadar Drive
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  • Duration: 3:40
  • Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
Well just a treat for folks from Rawalpindi, i hope you like the video. For those who are too smart and comment about the ape (feel sorry about the ape) i have this to say: I also feel sad and am upset when i see a monkey being used to earn...
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Rawalpindi Sadar Drive
Chakwal Accident Rawalpindi Road
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  • Duration: 3:08
  • Uploaded: 21 May 2011
Chakwal Accident Rawalpindi Road 6 Death...
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Chakwal Accident Rawalpindi Road
Aapna Rawalpindi
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  • Duration: 4:03
  • Uploaded: 10 Mar 2008
Clip from Aapni Taharti Aapne Loke on Aapna Des....
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Aapna Rawalpindi
Pakistanis stage anti-US protest in Rawalpindi
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  • Duration: 2:31
  • Uploaded: 23 Jan 2012
Hundreds of Pakistanis have staged a massive anti-US protest rally in the garrison city of Rawalpindi. Press TV's Kamran Yousaf reports from Islamabad....
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Pakistanis stage anti-US protest in Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi: Shootout at Adiala Road (Part I)
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  • Duration: 14:39
  • Uploaded: 11 Feb 2012
Rawalpindi: Shootout at Adiala Road News of ARY NEWS at 15:00 Saturday, February 11 2012...
http://web.archive.org./web/20120302005756/http://wn.com/Rawalpindi: Shootout at Adiala Road (Part I)
rawalpin­di horse race(bazz &washi; gora)zahid rafiq tanga maker rawalpin­di
5:28
Raja Shoukat Ali Ab­basi - Pres­i­dent PPP Dis­trict Rawalpin­di - Bhut­to Sha­heed Birth­day 2012
11:20
Rawalpin­di Sadar Drive
3:40
Chak­w­al Ac­ci­dent Rawalpin­di Road
3:08
Aapna Rawalpin­di
4:03
Pak­ista­nis stage an­ti-US protest in Rawalpin­di
2:31
First Ever Hid­den Cam­era Fea­ture Story on CALL GIRLS in RAWALPIN­DI Record­ing 6 De­cem­ber 2010.​FLV
9:57
Story of As­fand yar kid-Died in rawalpin­di car race
7:23
rawalpin­di horse race(zahid rafiq tanga maker)rawalpin­di
10:50
Rawalpin­di 6 Stu­dents Miss­ing Case Drop Sean Up­date 24 Jan 2012
8:10
Rawalpin­di 6 Stu­dents Miss­ing Case Drop Sean 24 Jan 2012.​MP4
2:30
Rawalpin­di: Shootout at Adi­ala Road (Part I)
14:39
RAWALPIN­DI CITY ROCK !!! PAK­ISTAN
4:31
Eid-ul-Azha 2011 Rawalpin­di part 1 Shah je
8:01
remove add to playlist video results for: rawalpindi
Bara Bazar, Rawalpin­di Pak­istan
4:01
SIALKOT STAL­LIONS VS rawalpin­di rams bat­ing final match part1
10:12
1 day be­fore Di­fa-e-Pak­istan Con­fer­ence Rawalpin­di 22 Jan­uary 2012.​mpg
2:32
Rawalpin­di: Shootout at Adi­ala Road (Part II)
14:42
Imran Khan ad­dress­ing in Rawalpin­di
9:31
rawalpin­di board may stu­dents ka tor phor.....​haye haye
5:29
Mr. Raj Madan dis­placed from Rawalpin­di, Pak­istan to India dur­ing 1947 Par­ti­tion
9:49
Ali Moeen Nawazish - Youth In­ter­ac­tion Is­lam­abad and Rawalpin­di 1
1:58
Waqar You­nis Bowled Lara in Rawalpin­di (1st Test) 1997 (Full OVER)
4:35


  • File - In this picture taken on Aug. 15, 2010, Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari listens to a reporter at a press conference in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Pakistani men walk in front of banners showing slain leader Benazir Bhutto, near the site where she was assassinated in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Sunday, Feb. 13, 2011.
    AP / Muhammed Muheisen
  • Rawalpindi-Islamabad freeway
    Creative Commons
  • Peshawar Road Rawalpindi
    Creative Commons
  • Rawalpindi راولپنڈی — City District —
    Creative Commons
  • RAWALPINDI: August 26 – People walking around the railway tracks may cause any mishap and needs the attention of concerned authorities. APP photo by Abid Zia
    Creative Commons
  • Rawalpindi Railway Station
    Creative Commons
  • In this Jan. 5, 2011 file photo, Pakistani investigators gathered at the spot where suicide bombers tried to ram President Pervez Musharraf's motorcade on a main road in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in which Qari Saifullah Akhtar was implicated.
    AP
  • Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, left, with his Pakistani counterpart Yousuf Raza Gilani, second left, reviews honor guard during a welcome ceremony at Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Friday, Dec. 17, 2010. Wen arrived in Pakistan on Friday for a rare visit expected to focus heavily on expanding trade between the Asian neighbors and longtime allies.
    AP
  • Pakistanis search for items beside oil tankers that were attacked by suspected militants at a terminal in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, on Monday, Oct. 4, 2010.
    AP / Aaron Favila
  • A Pakistani driver stands beside an oil tanker that was attacked by suspected militants at a terminal in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, on Monday, Oct. 4, 2010.
    AP / Aaron Favila
  • Pakistani fire fighters struggle to extinguish burning oil tankers after militants attacked a terminal in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, early Monday, Oct. 4, 2010.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Pakistani fire fighters struggle to extinguish burning oil tankers after militants attacked a terminal in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, early Monday, Oct. 4, 2010.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Pakistani fire fighters struggle to extinguish burning oil tankers after militants attacked a terminal in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, early Monday, Oct. 4, 2010.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Pakistan's military spokesman Maj. Gen. Athar Abbas gestures during a press conference in Rawalpindi, Pakistan on Monday, Oct. 12, 2009. Abbas said the militants were hoping to seize senior army officials and trade them for their jailed comrades. The army also intercepted audio of deputy Taliban leader Waliur Rehman getting an update on the attack and telling a subordinate to pray for the assailants.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Afghan President Hamid Karzai, center, attends a ceremony Aug. 19, 2010, in Kabul, Afghanistan, to commemorate the 91st anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rawalpindi, which granted Afghanistan independence from Great Britain in 1919.
    USAF / Staff Sgt. Bradley Lail
  • Afghan President Hamid Karzai, third from left, attends a ceremony Aug. 19, 2010, in Kabul, Afghanistan, to commemorate the 91st anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rawalpindi, which granted Afghanistan independence from Great Britain in 1919.
    USAF / Staff Sgt. Bradley Lail
  • U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, left, and Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari, right, listen a reporter during a joint press conference in Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, on Sunday, Aug. 15, 2010.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, center with glasses, talks to media upon his arrival at Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Sunday, Aug. 15, 2010.
    AP / Anjum Naveed
  • Pakistani High Commissioner in New Delhi Shahid Malik, right, receives Indian External Affairs Minister S.M. Krishna at Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan on Wednesday, July 14, 2010.
    AP
  • Indian External Affairs Minister S.M. Krishna talks to media upon his arrival at Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan on Wednesday, July 14, 2010. Pakistan and Indian Foreign Ministers will meet Thursday for talks, as the nuclear-armed rivals try to resume a formal peace dialogue derailed by the 2008 Mumbai attacks. Indian High Commissioner in Pakistan.
    AP
  • Pakistanis walk past a carpet bearing the image of Pakistan's slain leader Benazir Bhutto, displayed for sale in the old city of Rawalpindi, Pakistan
    AP / Muhammed Muheisen
  • Bank Alfalah branch in Rawalpindi
    Creative Commons / Fahadsaeed50
  • Rawalpindi
    Creative Commons / FlickreviewR
  • Faizabad Interchange, connects Islamabad with Rawalpindi. Islamabad is connected to the major destinations around the world through
    Creative Commons / Pakboy
  • MR. ROBERT M GATES, US SECRETARY OF DEFENCE, CALLED ON FEDERAL MINISTER FOR DEFENCE, CH. AHMAD MUKHTAR, IN MINISTRY OF DEFENCE, ON 21-01-2010, IN RAWALPINDI
    Press Information Dept. of Pakistan
  • Pakistani security officials gather at the site of a bomb explosion outside a bank in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Monday, Nov. 2, 2009. A suicide bombing occurred outside a bank near Pakistan's capital Monday, as the U.N. said spreading violence had forced it to pull out some expatriate staff and suspend long-term development work in areas along the Afghan border.
    AP / njum Naveed
  • People place candles next to the portraits of Pakistan's slain leader Benazir Bhutto during a ceremony to mark the second anniversary of her death, Sunday, Dec. 27, 2009 in Hyderabad, Pakistan. Bhutto was assassinated in Rawalpindi on Dec. 27, 2007.
    AP / Pervez Masih
  • Rawal Lake in Pakistan is an artificial reservoir that provides the water needs for the cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. This artificial lake covers an area of 8.8 km². Rawal Lake is located within an isolated section of the Margalla Hills National Park.
    Public Domain / Umair ua
  • Pakistan's Army soldiers stand guard near a mosque after a suicide attack in Rawalpindi, Pakistan on Friday, Dec. 4, 2009. At least two militants stormed a mosque close to Pakistan's army headquarters during Friday prayers, firing and throwing grenades before blowing themselves up in an attack that killed tens of people, officials said.
    AP / Vincent Thian
photo: Creative Commons / File Upload Bot
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The Himalayan
20 Feb 2012
Added At: 2012-02-20 3:53 PM Last Updated At: 2012-02-20 3:53 PM...

Newstrack India Islamabad, Feb 7 (ANI): Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan, the founding father of Pakistan's nuclear programme blamed by the West for making Pakistan a nuclear power, has condemned inaccuracies in The Atlantic magazine's November 2005 cover story, which he says falsely accused him of a 'brazen act of illegality'...(size: 2.2Kb)
Indian Express Cursing at the monkey by looking at the tree; so goes an old Chinese adage. Pakistan Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani's decision to sack the Defence Secretary Lieutenant General Naeem Khalid Lodhi (Retd)on Wednesday is the closest the civilian...(size: 1.6Kb)
The Siasat Daily Islamabad, November 29: Trains may not run from Pakistan's Rawalpindi city from Tuesday as their engines don't have diesel. The daily Dawn said that trains from Rawalpindi are likely to stop...(size: 1.3Kb)
Newstrack India Islamabad, Oct 27(ANI): Pakistan must wake up to the fact that its enemies, the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and its affiliates, are some of those "illustrious ex-assets that have support or protection of our friends- the Quetta...(size: 1.5Kb)
Newstrack India Lahore, Oct 8(ANI): The Lahore High Court (LHC) Chief Justice Ijaz Ahmad Chaudhry has issued orders for the transfer of the judge who awarded the death sentence to Malik Mumtaz Hussain...(size: 1.2Kb)
Indian Express Former India cricketer-turned politician Navjot Singh Sidhu today ridiculed Pakistani speedster Shoaib Akhtar's remarks against Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid in the autobiography 'Controversially Yours.'...(size: 1.4Kb)
Rawalpindi's Own 09 Sep 2011
Indian Express Storming the World Stage: The Story of Lashkar-e-Taiba Stephen Tankel Hachette Rs 550 Pages: 352 A quarter of a century after it was founded to wage jihad in Afghanistan, the Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), has emerged as one of the main threats to India's national...(size: 1.7Kb)
Newstrack India Islamabad, Sept 6(ANI): A student at the Riphah International University (RIU) in Rawalpindi shot dead the vice principal of the institution...(size: 0.9Kb)
The Hindu A former Army man has been sentenced to death by a military court in Pakistan for the attack on the General Headquarters in Rawalpindi in October 2009. Six others, including another man in battle fatigues, have been found guilty and sentenced to imprisonment of varying duration. The sentence was...(size: 2.0Kb)
more news on: Rawalpindi

::''For the British Navy ship see HMS Rawalpindi''

Coordinates34°03′″N118°15′″N
NameRawalpindi
Other nameراولپنڈی
Settlement typeCity District
Pushpin mapPakistan
Pushpin map captionLocation in Pakistan
Coordinates displayinline,title
Coordinates regionPK
Subdivision typeCountry
Subdivision name
Subdivision type1Region
Subdivision name1Punjab
Subdivision type2Division
Subdivision name2Rawalpindi Division
Subdivision type3Autonomous towns
Subdivision name38
Subdivision type4Union councils
Subdivision name4170
Population as of2008
Population urban3252123
Elevation m500
TimezonePST
Utc offset+5
Timezone dstPDT
Utc offset dst+6
Area code051
Websitewww.rawalpindi.gov.pk
Footnotes}}

(Urdu, Potwari, Punjabi: ,''Rāwalpindī'') is a city in the Pothohar region of Pakistan near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. Rawalpindi is the third largest city in Pakistan after Karachi and Lahore. In the 1950s, Rawalpindi was smaller than Hyderabad and Multan, but the city's economy received a boost during the building of Islamabad (1959–1969), during which time Rawalpindi served as the national capital and its population increased from 180,000 at the time of independence to over 4.5 million in 2007. Rawalpindi is located in the northernmost part of the Punjab province, 275 km (171 miles) to the north-west of Lahore. It is the administrative seat of the Rawalpindi District. The total area of the city is approximately . Rawalpindi is the military headquarters of the Pakistani Armed Forces.

Rawalpindi, locally known as Pindi, named after Raja Pindi, is a bustling city on the northernmost part of the Punjab province, strategically located between the NWFP and Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Many tourists use the city as a stop before traveling towards the northern areas. Rawalpindi is also a prime destination for the expatriat community of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Numerous shopping bazaars, parks and a cosmopolitan population attract shoppers from all over Pakistan and abroad. The city is home to several industries and factories. Islamabad's international airport, Benazir Bhutto International Airport, is actually located in Rawalpindi, and serves both cities.

Rawalpindi also maintains strong links with the Pahari-Potwari speaking people of neighbouring Azad Jammu and Kashmir who have many businesses within the city and region.

Boundaries and Expansion

Though Rawalpindi has expanded mostly due to explosive population pressure. NESPAK has been given the responsibility to render the urban planning services for analysing available data and other documents like master plans, structure plans, outline development plans and census reports. It is also responsible for defining the geographical features of the city and provides the a rough idea of how the city could be expanded in the next 20 years.

History

Rawalpindi has been inhabited for thousands of years, it is believed that a distinct culture flourished on this plateau as far in c1000BC. The material remains found at the site prove the existence of a Buddhist establishment contemporary to Taxila and of a Vedic civilisation. The nearby town of Taxila has another significance; according to the Guinness Book of World Records it has the world's oldest university - Takshashila University.

Sir Alexander Cunningham identified certain ruins on the site of the cantonment with the ancient city of Ganjipur or Gajnipur, the capital of the Bhatti tribe in the ages preceding the Christian era. Graeco-Bactrian coins, together with ancient bricks, occur over an area of 500 ha (2 mi²). Known within historical times as Fatehpur Baori, Rawalpindi fell into decay during one of the Mongol invasions in the fourteenth century.

It appears that the ancient city went into oblivion as a result of the White Hun devastation. The first Muslim invader, Mahmud of Ghazni (979-1030), gave the ruined city to a Gakhar Chief, Kai Gohar. The town, however, being on an invasion route, could not prosper and remained deserted until Jhanda Khan, another Gakhar Chief, restored it and named it Rawalpindi after the village Rawal in 1493. Rawalpindi remained under the rule of the Gakkhars until Muqarrab Khan, the last Gakkhar ruler, was defeated by the Sikhs under Sardar Milka Singh in 1765. Singh invited traders from the neighbouring commercial centres of Jhelum and Shahpur to settle in the territory.

Early in the nineteenth century Rawalpindi became for a time the refuge of Shah Shuja, the exiled king of Afghanistan, and of his brother Shah Zaman. The present native infantry lines mark the site of a battle fought by the Gakhars under their famous chief Sultan Mukarrab Khan in the middle of the eighteenth century. Rawalpindi was taken by Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1818. Zahid

British rule

Following the British invasion of the region and their occupation of Rawalpindi in 1849, the city became a permanent garrison of the British army in 1851. In the 1880s a railway line to Rawalpindi was laid, and train service was inaugurated on 1 January 1886. The need for a railway link arose after Lord Dalhousie made Rawalpindi the headquarters of the Northern Command and the city became the largest British military garrison in British India.

On the introduction of British rule, Rawalpindi became the site of a cantonment and, shortly afterward, the headquarters of 2nd (Rawalpindi) Division. Its connection with the main railway system by the extension of the North-Western Railway to Peshawar immensely developed its size and commercial importance. The municipality was created in 1867.

The income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged 2–1 lakhs. In 1903-4 the income and expenditure were 1-8 lakhs and 2-1 lakhs respectively. The chief item of income was octroi (1-6 lakhs); the expenditure included administration (Rs. 35,000), conservancy (Rs. 27,000), hospitals and dispensaries (Rs. 25,000), public works (Rs. 9,000), and public safety (Rs. 17,000). The cantonment, with a population in 1901 of 40,611, was the most important in all of British South Asia. It contained one battery of horse and one of field artillery, one mountain battery, one company of garrison artillery, and one ammunition column of field artillery; one regiment of British and one of Native cavalry; two of British and two of Native infantry; and two companies of sappers and miners, with a balloon section. It was the winter headquarters of the Northern Command and of the Rawalpindi military division. An arsenal was established here in 1883.

It has been recently disclosed that the British Government tested poison gas on Indian troops during a series of experiments that lasted over a decade.

After independence

In 1951, Rawalpindi saw the assassination of the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan in Company Bagh now known as Liaquat Bagh Park (also called Liaquat Garden.) On 27 December 2007, Liaquat Bagh Park's rear gate in Rawalpindi was the site of the assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Her father, former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was hanged in Rawalpindi in 1979.

The famous Murree Road has been a hot spot for various political and social events. Nala Lai, in the middle of city, history describes Nala Lai water as pure enough for drinking but now it has become polluted with the waste water from all sources including factories and houses. Kashmir Road, was renamed from Dalhousie Road, Haider road from Lawrence road, Bank Road from Edwards Road, Hospital Road from Mission Road, Jinnah Road from Nehru Road. Today Rawalpindi is the headquarters of the Pakistani Army.Few years ago it also had headquarter of Air Force.

Climate

Similar to neighboring Islamabad, Rawalpindi features a humid subtropical climate with long and very hot summers, a monsoon and short, mild, wet winters. Rawalpindi during the summer season experiences a number of thunder or wind storms that sometimes cause damage to property. Wind speeds could reach an astonishing 168 km/h in some wind storms which results in the collapse of walls and roofs causing injuries and sometimes death.

Rawalpindi is chaotic but relatively dust-free. The weather is highly variable due to the location of Rawalpindi. The average annual rainfall is , most of which falls in the summer monsoon season. However, frontal cloudbands also bring quite significant rainfall in the winter. In summer, the maximum temperature can sometimes soar up to , while it may drop to a minimum of in the winter.

Demographics

The population of Rawalpindi is approximately 1,991,656 according to the 2006 census which includes many people who come from Punjab villages looking for work in the city.Punjabi is the language of people and most people speak Pothohari dailect of Punjabi language. The majority of the people of Rawalpindi are Muslims. There are many mosques throughout the city. The most famous Mosques are Jamia Mosque, Raja Bazaar Mosque and Eid Gah Mosque which attract thousands of visitors daily. Other minority religions are Christian, Zoroastrian, Bahai, Parsi, Hinduism and Sikhism. The literacy rate is 80% (2006–07). The population is ethnically and linguistically heterogeneous, comprising Pothohari, Satti, Awans, Kathwals, Paharis, Kashmiris, Pakhtuns, Gilgiti, Muhajirs, Hindkowans, Afghans, Sheikh, Hazaries, Punjabis

Administration

The City-District of Rawalpindi comprises eight autonomous tehsils, besides Rawalpindi city (divided into Rawal & Potohar Tehsils):

Today Rawalpindi is the headquarters of the Pakistani Army and Air Force.

The famous Murree Road has been a hot spot for various political and social events. Nala Lai, in the middle of city, history describes Nala Lai water as pure enough for drinking but now it has become polluted with the waste water from all sources including factories and houses.

Kashmir Road, was renamed from Dalhousie Road, Haider road from Lawrence road, Bank Road from Edwards Road, Hospital Road from Mission Road, Jinnah Road from Nehru Road.

Rawalpindi also holds many private colony's who have developed them selves rapidly for e.g. Pak PWD, Korang Town, Ghori Town, Pakistan Town, Judicial Town, Baharia town which is the Asia's largest private colony

Culture

Rapidly developing into a large city, Rawalpindi has many good hotels, restaurants, clubs, museums and parks, of which the largest is the Ayub National Park. Rawalpindi forms the base camp for the tourists visiting the holiday resorts and hill stations of the Galiyat area, such as Murree, Nathia Gali, Kotli, Ayubia, Rawlakot, Muzaffarabad, Bagh, Abbottabad, Samahni, Swat, Kaghan, Gilgit, Hunza, Skardu and Chitral.

The city has two main roads: the Grand Trunk Road runs roughly from east to west and is known as The Mall as it passes through the cantonment. Murree Road originates toward north from The Mall, crosses the railway lines and brushes the east end of the old city on its way to Islamabad.

The two main bazaar areas are Raja Bazaar in the old city and Saddar Bazaar, which developed as the cantonment bazaar between the old city and The Mall. Another developing market is the Commercial Market in the area of Satellite Town near Islamabad.

The crowded alleys of the old city are home to many attractions, including Hindu (in ruins now), Zoroastrian, Sikh temples and Islamic shrines. There are several museums and arts galleries such as the Lok Virsa, Pakistan Museum of Natural History, and the $Idara Saqafat e Pakistan.

Rawalpindi has been a military city since colonial times and remained Army headquarters after independence in 1947. Due to this, the city is home to the Pakistan Army Museum, with displays on colonial and present day armies, armoury of historical significance and war heroes.

Ayub National Park is located beyond the old Presidency on Jhelum Road. It covers an area of about and has a playland, lake with boating facility, an aquarium and a garden-restaurant. Rawalpindi Public Park is on Murree Road near Shamsabad. The Park was opened to the public in 1991. It has a playland for children, grassy lawns, fountains and flower beds.

In 2008 Jinnah Park was inaugurated at the heart of Rawalpindi and has since become a hotspot of activity for the city. People from as far as out as Peshawer come to Jinnah Park to enjoy its modern facilities. It houses a state-of-the-art cinema, Cinepax, a Metro Cash and Carry supermart, an outlet of McDonalds, gaming lounges, motion rides and other recreational facilities. The vast lawns also provide and adequate picnic spot.

Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, built in 1992, has a grass pitch, floodlights, and a initial capacity of 20,000. In mid-2008 it was being upgraded and to hold more than 40,000 people. The home team are the Rawalpindi Rams. The Rawalpindi Hockey stadium is a small but well-built facility that plays host to the national side throughout the year.

Rawat Fort is east of Rawalpindi, on the Grand Trunk (G.T.) Road leading to Lahore. Gakhars, a fiercely independent tribe of the Pothohar Plateau, built the fort in the early 16th century. The grave of a Gakhar Chief, Sultan Sarang Khan is inside the fort. He died in 1546 fighting against the forces of Sher Shah Suri. A climb up the broken steps inside the tomb is rewarded with a panoramic view of the plateau and the Mankiala Stupa. Besides Rawat, about an hour's drive from Rawalpindi on the Grand Trunk Road toward Peshawar, is Attock Fort. The Akbari fort is not open to the public as it is in active military use.

Pharwala Fort is about from Rawalpindi beyond Lehtrar road. It is a Gakhar fort built it in the 15th century on the ruins of a 10th century Hindi Shahi Fort. Emperor Babur conquered the it in 1519. Later, in 1825, Sikhs expelled Gakhars from this fort. Though in a crumbling state, it is still an attraction for castle lovers. The fort, situated in prohibited area, is only open to Pakistani visitors.

Rawalpindi has numerous sights of architectural masterpieces. A few of the heritage buildings are Purana Qil'aa (The Old Fort), Bagh Sardaran (Chief's Gardens), Haveli Sujaan Sigh (the remains of the Sikh Nawabs of Rawalpindi; the grand building has been converted into Fatima Jinnah Women University, which is the only female university established in the region).

Other ancient buildings include Jain Mandir, Jain Temple. Gordon College, a prestigious institution of high learning was set during the British Raj. The shrine of Hazrat Sakhi Shah Chan Charagh is one of the centres devotees flock to. An institution of high devotion and solace located near the famous Raja Bazar. He is the patron saint of the city and regarded as one of the two protectors of the twin cities, i.e., Islamabad and Rawalpindi, with Hazrat Bari Imam, his cousin brother.

The Rawalpindi Public Library was one of the earliest private public libraries organized after separation from India. The building was donated for a public library by the then-Deputy Commissioner Major Davis on the initiative of philanthropist Khurshid Anwar Jilani, an attorney, writer and social worker. However, the building was confiscated for election and political campaigning during the last days of Field Marshal Ayub Khan's reign, and rare manuscripts and artifacts were taken away by the influential.

Economy

According to the general survey of industry conducted by Directorate of Industries and Mineral Development Punjab, there are 939 industrial units operating in the district. This district is not famous for industrial goods like other districts. The progress has been mostly in the private sector. The existing industrial units provide employment to about 35,000 people, i.e., about 1.6% of district population is directly employed in large, medium and small industrial units. Apparently there is no shortage of skilled manpower. The Technical/Vocational Training Institute operating in the district turns out about 1,974 technicians/artisans annually. They are trained in engineering, air conditioning, drafting, metallurgy, welding, auto knitting and commerce, etc.

  • Kohinoor Textile Mills is the largest unit in the district. It is located near ''Naseer Abad'' and is equipped with 50,000 spindles and 1,021 power looms.
  • Wattan Woolen and Hosiery Mills is fitted 10,000 spindles.
  • Rahat Woolen Mills, established in 1954, is one of the oldest and most prominent mills in Rawalpindi.
  • Jinnah Road, formally known as City Saddar Road, is one of the busiest business markets. It could be considered as business headquarters northern Pakistan including retailers, wholesalers, distributors, manufacturers having an approximately cash flow of more than 1 billion rupees per day. The importance of Jinnah Road can be seen by the presence of more than nine banks on the road with more opening soon.

    Transport

    There are many ways to get in and around Rawalpindi. Public transport for travel within Rawalpindi is diverse, ranging from yellow taxis, auto-rickshaws, mini-buses and even tongas (horse-drawn carriages). Due to the lack of planning of roads, traffic jams are found even on smaller roads. For inter-city travel, air-conditioned and non air-conditioned buses and coaches are regularly available to many destinations in Pakistan. There is also an Islamabad/Rawalpindi central railway station that allows travel to every major city in Pakistan. In addition to freight, Pakistan Railways provides passenger rail service throughout the day, with train coaches that have air-conditioning in first-class.

    Rail

    The Rawalpindi Railway Station is located in the Saddar City. The Railway Station was built in the 1880s by the government of British India. The British built many railways across South Asia to help facilitate trade and more importantly to help consolidate their rule. The routes the British built from Rawalpindi, which contained a major military base, linked to Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar, Quetta, Multan, Faisalabad, Hyderabad, Sindh, Sukkur, Bahawalpur, Jhelum, Gujrat, Gujranwala, Kohat, Khanewal, Nawabshah, Nowshera and the Malakand Pass.

    Airport

    Benazir Bhutto International Airport is actually located at Chaklala which technically is a part of Rawalpindi. The airport is served by over 25 airlines, both national and international. Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), the national carrier of Pakistan, has numerous routes, with many domestic and international flights every day. Construction on the new Rawalpindi/Islamabad international airport has now been started near the town of Fateh Jang approx from both cities.

    Motorway

    The main route running through Rawalpindi is the Murree Road. This road runs West-East through the city and continues to the hill station of Murree, which is a major summer attraction for Rawalpindi residents. Murree Rd is one of the busiest roads in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.

    Rawalpindi is on the ancient Grand Trunk Road (also known as G.T. Road or, more recently, N-5) which links Rawalpindi to nearly every major city in northern Pakistan, from Karachi, to Peshawar, Lahore, Quetta, Multan, Faisalabad, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Bahawalpur, Jhelum, Gujrat, Gujranwala, Kohat, Khanewal, Nawabshah, Nowshera and the Malakand Pass.

    The city is also served by two nearby six-lane Motorways, M2 (Lahore-Islamabad) and M1 (Islamabad-Peshawar), which were completed in the 1990s. Somewhat further away is the famous Karakoram Highway, the world's highest international road, which connects Pakistan to China.

    General Bus Stand

    General Bus Stand, Pir Wadhai is the principal bus station for interstate buses and other public vehicles which regularly transports passengers. GBS, Pir Wadhai caters government and private operated buses. It also constitutes large number of reasonable hotel for stay. Luxury Hino, Mercedes buses also operated from Pir Wadhai.

    Telecommunication

    The PTCL provides the main network of landline telephone with minority shares of other operators. All major mobile phone companies operating in Pakistan provide service in Rawalpindi. Pakistan's Broadband revolution has had a significant impact on telecommunications in Rawalpindi. The city, along with other major cities of Pakistan, enjoys a widespread coverage from WiFi and WiMAX operators, with Wateen, WiTribe, Qubee having the most shares. DSL internet also has a major coverage in the city with Nayatel and PTCL the main stakeholders. Recently a high speed 3G Network, EVO Nitro, was also set up by PTCL with maximum speeds of 9.3 Mbps to add up to the already established EVO 3G Network. Though localized, it is the first instance in the history of telecommunication that EVDO RevB technology was commercially launched.

    Parks

    Ayub National Park formerly known as "topi rakh" (stay hat or remove hat) is located by the old Presidency, and between the Murree Brewery Co. and Grand Trunk (G.T.) Road. It covers an area of about and has a play area, lake with boating facility, an aquarium, a garden-restaurant and an open air theater. This park hosts 'The Jungle Kingdom' which is particularly popular among young residents of the city.Its also very famous roomi park near Sadar Bazar, lot of kids play their and have fun

  • Liaquat Bagh formerly known as the "company bagh" (East India Company's Garden), is of great historical interest. The first prime minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, was assassinated here in 1950. Pakistan's Prime Minister Banazir Bhutto was assassinated here on 27 December 2007. She was the youngest elected Prime Minister of the world.
  • Rawalpindi Golf Course was completed in 1926 by Rawalpindi Golf Club, one of the oldest golf clubs of Pakistan. The facility was initially developed as a nine-hole course. After several phases of development, it is now a 27-hole course. From the clubhouse, there is a panoramic view of Faisal Mosque, the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, and the course itself. Major golf tournaments are regularly held here.
  • Rawalpindi Public Park (also known as Nawaz Sharif Park) is located on Murree Road. The Park was opened in 1991. It has a play area for children, lawns, fountains and flower beds. A cricket stadium was built in 1992 opposite the Public Park. The 1996 World Cup cricket matches were held on this cricket ground.
  • Playland is another public located parallel to Ayub Park, its nearness to many classy colonies and housing schemes makes this wonderland an attractive hotspot during the holidays.
  • Liaquat National Bagh
  • Jinnah Park
  • Ayub Park
  • DHA Jungle Park (DHA Phase I, Rawalpindi)
  • Rumi Park
  • Shah Balot Park
  • Race Course
  • Ladies Park Dhoke Hassu
  • Children Park in Commercial Market
  • 502 Workshop Park (Zia Park) Lalazar
  • Dussehra Ground Asghar Mall
  • Ladies & Childrens Park, Gawalmadi
  • Ladies Gym Park,Liaqat Bagh Rwp
  • Sport

    The city has an array of stadiums and grounds to meet the needs of all the popular sports played in the country. Rawalpindi is home to some of the most recognised players in the history of Pakistani cricket. The Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium is the official cricket stadium used for international tests and ODIs. It is also home to the Rawalpindi Rams. However, there are plenty of other cricket grounds such as Army Cricket ground (home to the Pindi Club), KRL Cricket ground, CMTSD Cricket stadium as well as the Attock Oil Refinery cricket ground.

    There are stadiums for hockey such as the Army Hockey Stadium, Army Signals Hockey ground as well as the Noor Station Ground Dhoke Hassu. There are stadiums for football including the Municipal Football stadium and the Army Football ground. Other sports complexes include the COD Sports Complex and the Railway Ground Dhoke Matkial.Kabadi.

    Media

    Rawalpindi, being so close to the capital, has an active media and newspaper climate. There are over a dozen of newspaper companies and television channels based in the city including ''Daily Nawa-i-Waqt, Daily Jang, Daily Islamabad Times, Daily Asas, Daily Times, Daily Nation, National Herald Tribune, The Daily Sada-e-Haq, Daily Express, Daily Dawn, Daily Din, Daily Aajkal Rawalpindi, Daily Islam,'' and ''Daily Pakistan''.

  • ATV
  • Lights Asia
  • Aapna Channel
  • Pothwari
  • City 51
  • Pahariwood Network
  • K2
  • Oxygene
  • See also

  • Rawalpindi District
  • Demography of Rawalpindi District
  • Potwari language
  • Lal Haveli
  • Rawalpindi Gazetteer
  • Liaquat National Bagh
  • Christ Church Rawalpindi
  • Military Hospital Rawalpindi
  • Benazir Bhutto Road
  • Jajja Rajput
  • References

    Aamir Hussain Shah

    External links

  • CDG Rawalpindi, Official Website
  • Rawalpindi Blogspot, 2009
  • Rawalpindi Swedish Institute of Technology, Technical Institute Website
  • Rawalpindi (Pakistan) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  • Category:1493 establishments * Category:Populated places established in the 1490s Category:Populated places in Rawalpindi District Category:Metropolitan areas of Pakistan Category:Former national capitals

    ar:راولبندي az:Ravalpindi bn:রাওয়ালপিন্ডি bs:Rawalpindi br:Rawalpindi bg:Равалпинди ca:Rāwalpindi cs:Rávalpindí cy:Rawalpindi da:Rawalpindi de:Rawalpindi et:Rāwalpindi es:Rawalpindi eo:Rawalpindi fa:راولپندی fr:Rawalpindi ko:라왈핀디 hi:रावलपिंडी io:Rawalpindi id:Rawalpindi it:Rawalpindi he:רוואלפינדי ku:Rawalpindî lv:Rāvalpindi lt:Ravalpindis hu:Ravalpindi ml:റാവൽപിണ്ടി mr:रावळपिंडी ms:Rawalpindi nl:Rawalpindi ja:ラーワルピンディー no:Rawalpindi nn:Rawalpindi pa:ਰਾਵਲਪਿਂਡੀ pnb:راولپنڈی شہر pl:Rawalpindi pt:Rawalpindi ro:Rawalpindi ru:Равалпинди simple:Rawalpindi fi:Rawalpindi sv:Rawalpindi ta:ராவல்பிண்டி th:ราวัลปินดี tr:Rawalpindi uk:Равалпінді ur:راولپنڈی ug:راۋالپىندى vi:Rawalpindi war:Rawalpindi zh:拉瓦尔品第

    This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.



    Coordinates34°03′″N118°15′″N
    NameAli Abbasi
    Birth placeKarachi, Pakistan
    Death causelupus
    NationalityScottish
    EmployerBBC Scotland
    Footnotes}}

    Ali Abbasi (Urdu: ) (August 1961 – 30 July 2004) was a Pakistani-born Scottish television presenter, born in Karachi. He moved from Pakistan to Glasgow, in 1963, with his parents as a child and joined BBC Scotland as a travel presenter in the 1980s. He went on to publish numerous books and became a champion for the Gaelic language, appearing in the Gaelic children's series ''Dè a-nis?'' and the comedy series ''Air ais air an Ran Dan ("Back on the Ran Dan")''

    He joined BBC Scotland as a travel presenter in 1994 from Glasgow City Council, where he worked as an art gallery assistant. As well as presenting travel news at the BBC, Abbasi worked as an audio technician with outside broadcasts and radio cars.

    Abbasi was appointed Gaelic reading champion by the Scottish Executive in 2003.

    Abbasi died of lupus.

    References

    External links

  • Ali Abbasi: Your memories - BBC
  • Category:Scottish Gaelic-speaking people Category:1961 births Category:2004 deaths Category:People from Karachi Category:Scottish television presenters Category:British radio people Category:Deaths from lupus Category:Pakistani emigrants to the United Kingdom Category:Scottish people of Pakistani descent

    gd:Ali Abbasi

    This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.



    Coordinates34°03′″N118°15′″N
    nameImran Khan Niazi
    birth dateNovember 25, 1952
    birth placeLahore, Punjab, Pakistan
    partyPakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
    spouseJemima Khan (1995 - 2004)
    children2 (Sulaiman Isa and Kasim)
    residenceLahore
    occupationPolitician, philanthropist
    religionIslam
    websitehttp://www.insaf.pk/ }}

    playernameImran Khan
    countryPakistan
    fullnameImran Khan Niazi
    livingtrue
    dayofbirth25
    monthofbirth11
    yearofbirth1952
    placeofbirthLahore, Punjab
    countryofbirthPakistan
    battingRight-handed
    bowlingRight-arm fast
    roleAll-rounder
    internationaltrue
    testdebutdate3 June
    testdebutyear1971
    testdebutagainstEngland
    testcap65
    lasttestdate7 January
    lasttestyear1992
    lasttestagainstSri Lanka
    odidebutdate31 August
    odidebutyear1974
    odidebutagainstEngland
    odicap12
    lastodidate25 March
    lastodiyear1992
    lastodiagainstEngland
    club1Sussex
    year11977 – 1988
    club2New South Wales
    year21984/85
    club3PIA
    year31975 – 1981
    club4Worcestershire
    year41971 – 1976
    club5Oxford University
    year51973 – 1975
    club6Lahore
    year61969 – 1971
    columns4
    column1Test
    matches188
    runs13807
    bat avg137.69
    100s/50s16/18
    top score1136
    deliveries119458
    wickets1362
    bowl avg122.81
    fivefor123
    tenfor16
    best bowling18/58
    catches/stumpings128/–
    column2ODI
    matches2175
    runs23709
    bat avg233.41
    100s/50s21/19
    top score2102*
    deliveries27461
    wickets2182
    bowl avg226.61
    fivefor21
    tenfor2n/a
    best bowling26/14
    catches/stumpings236/–
    column3FC
    matches3382
    runs317771
    bat avg336.79
    100s/50s330/93
    top score3170
    deliveries365224
    wickets31287
    bowl avg322.32
    fivefor370
    tenfor313
    best bowling38/34
    catches/stumpings3117/–
    column4LA
    matches4425
    runs410100
    bat avg433.22
    100s/50s45/66
    top score4114*
    deliveries419122
    wickets4507
    bowl avg422.31
    fivefor46
    tenfor4n/a
    best bowling46/14
    catches/stumpings484/–
    date26 June
    year2008
    sourcehttp://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1383/1383.html CricketArchive }}

    Imran Khan Niazi (Punjabi, Pashto, }}) (born 25 November 1952) is a Pakistani politician and former Pakistani cricketer, playing international cricket for two decades in the late twentieth century and being a politician since the mid-1990s. Currently, besides his political activism, Khan is also a philanthropist, cricket commentator and Chancellor of the University of Bradford.

    Khan played for the Pakistani cricket team from 1971 to 1992 and served as its captain intermittently throughout 1982-1992. After retiring from cricket at the end of the 1987 World Cup, he was called back to join the team in 1988. At 39, Khan led his teammates to Pakistan's first and only World Cup victory in 1992. He has a record of 3807 runs and 362 wickets in Test cricket, making him one of eight world cricketers to have achieved an 'All-rounder's Triple' in Test matches. On 14 July 2010, Khan was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.

    In April 1996, Khan founded and became the chairman of a political party Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (Movement for Justice). He represented Mianwali as a member of the National Assembly from November 2002 to October 2007. Khan, through worldwide fundraising, helped establish the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre in 1996 and Mianwali's Namal College in 2008.

    Family, education, and personal life

    Imran Khan was born to Shaukat Khanum (Burki) and Ikramullah Khan Niazi, a civil engineer, in Lahore. A quiet and shy boy in his youth, Khan grew up in a middle-class Niazi Pathan family with four sisters. Settled in Punjab, Khan's father descended from the Pashtun (Pathan) Niazi Shermankhel tribe of Mianwali in Punjab. Imran's Mother Shaukat Khanum (Burki's) family includes successful hockey players and cricketers such as Javed Burki and Majid Khan. Khan was educated at Aitchison College, the Cathedral School in Lahore, and the Royal Grammar School Worcester in England, where he excelled at cricket. In 1972, he enrolled to study Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Keble College, Oxford, where he graduated with a second-class degree in Politics and a third in Economics.

    Marriage to Jemima Marcelle Goldsmith

    On 16 May 1995, Khan married English socialite Jemima Goldsmith, a convert to Islam, in an Islamic ceremony in Paris. A month later, on 21 June, they were married again in a civil ceremony at the Richmond register office in England, followed by a reception at the Goldsmiths' house in Surrey. The marriage, described as "tough" by Khan, produced two sons, Sulaiman Isa (born 18 November 1996) and Kasim (born 10 April 1999). As an agreement of his marriage, Khan spent four months a year in England. On 22 June 2004, it was announced that the Khans had divorced because it was "difficult for Jemima to adapt to life in Pakistan" .The marriage ended amicably. Imran has regular access to his children and his relationship with his ex-wife is friendly. Khan now resides in Bani Gala, Islamabad, where he built a farmhouse with the money he gained from selling his London flat. He grows fruit trees, wheat, and keeps cows, while also maintaining a cricket ground for his two sons, who visit during their holidays.

    Cricket career

    Khan made a lacklustre first-class cricket debut at the age of sixteen in Lahore. By the start of the 1970s, he was playing for his home teams of Lahore A (1969–70), Lahore B (1969–70), Lahore Greens (1970–71) and, eventually, Lahore (1970–71). Khan was part of Oxford University's Blues Cricket team during the 1973-75 seasons. At Worcestershire, where he played county cricket from 1971 to 1976, he was regarded as only an average medium pace bowler. During this decade, other teams represented by Khan include Dawood Industries (1975–76) and Pakistan International Airlines (1975–76 to 1980-81). From 1983 to 1988, he played for Sussex.

    In 1971, Khan made his Test cricket debut against England at Birmingham. Three years later, he debuted in the One Day International (ODI) match, once again playing against England at Nottingham for the Prudential Trophy. After graduating from Oxford and finishing his tenure at Worcestershire, he returned to Pakistan in 1976 and secured a permanent place on his native national team starting from the 1976-77 season, during which they faced New Zealand and Australia. Following the Australian series, he toured the West Indies, where he met Tony Greig, who signed him up for Kerry Packer's World Series Cricket. His credentials as one of the fastest bowlers of the world started to establish when he finished third at 139.7 km/h in a fast bowling contest at Perth in 1978, behind Jeff Thomson and Michael Holding, but ahead of Dennis Lillee, Garth Le Roux and Andy Roberts.

    As a fast bowler, Khan reached the peak of his powers in 1982. In 9 Tests, he got 62 wickets at 13.29 each, the lowest average of any bowler in Test history with at least 50 wickets in a calendar year. In January 1983, playing against India, he attained a Test bowling rating of 922 points. Although calculated retrospectively (ICC player ratings did not exist at the time), Khan's form and performance during this period ranks third in the ICC's All-Time Test Bowling Rankings.

    Khan achieved the all-rounder's triple (securing 3000 runs and 300 wickets) in 75 Tests, the second fastest record behind Ian Botham's 72. He is also established as having the second highest all-time batting average of 61.86 for a Test batsman playing at position 6 of the batting order. He played his last Test match for Pakistan in January 1992, against Sri Lanka at Faisalabad. Khan retired permanently from cricket six months after his last ODI, the historic 1992 World Cup final against England at Melbourne, Australia. He ended his career with 88 Test matches, 126 innings and scored 3807 runs at an average of 37.69, including six centuries and 18 fifties. His highest score was 136 runs. As a bowler, he took 362 wickets in Test cricket, which made him the first Pakistani and world's fourth bowler to do so. In ODIs, he played 175 matches and scored 3709 runs at an average of 33.41. His highest score remains 102 not out. His best ODI bowling is documented at 6 wickets for 14 runs.

    Captaincy

    At the height of his career, in 1982, the thirty-year old Khan took over the captaincy of the Pakistani cricket team from Javed Miandad. Recalling his initial discomfort with this new role, he later said, "When I became the cricket captain, I couldn’t speak to the team directly I was so shy. I had to tell the manager, I said listen can you talk to them, this is what I want to convey to the team. I mean early team meetings I use to be so shy and embarrassed I couldn’t talk to the team." As a captain, Khan played 48 Test matches, out of which 14 were won by Pakistan, 8 lost and the rest of 26 were drawn. He also played 139 ODIs, winning 77, losing 57 and ending one in a tie.

    In the team's second match under his leadership, Khan led them to their first Test win on English soil for 28 years at Lord's. Khan's first year as captain was the peak of his legacy as a fast bowler as well as an all-rounder. He recorded the best Test bowling of his career while taking 8 wickets for 58 runs against Sri Lanka at Lahore in 1981-82. He also topped both the bowling and batting averages against England in three Test series in 1982, taking 21 wickets and averaging 56 with the bat. Later the same year, he put up a highly acknowledged performance in a home series against the formidable Indian team by taking 40 wickets in six Tests at an average of 13.95. By the end of this series in 1982-83, Khan had taken 88 wickets in 13 Test matches over a period of one year as captain.

    This same Test series against India, however, also resulted in a stress fracture in his shin that kept him out of cricket for more than two years. An experimental treatment funded by the Pakistani government helped him recover by the end of 1984 and he made a successful comeback to international cricket in the latter part of the 1984-85 season.

    In 1987, Khan led Pakistan to its first ever Test series win in India, which was followed by Pakistan's first series victory in England the same year. During the 1980s, his team also recorded three creditable draws against the West Indies. India and Pakistan co-hosted the 1987 World Cup, but neither ventured beyond the semi-finals. Khan retired from international cricket at the end of the World Cup. In 1988, he was asked to return to the captaincy by the President Of Pakistan, General Zia-Ul-Haq, and on 18 January, he announced his decision to rejoin the team. Soon after returning to the captaincy, Khan led Pakistan to another winning tour in the West Indies, which he has recounted as "the last time I really bowled well". He was declared Man of the Series against West Indies in 1988 when he took 23 wickets in 3 tests.

    Khan's career-high as a captain and cricketer came when he led Pakistan to victory in the 1992 Cricket World Cup. Playing with a brittle batting line-up, Khan promoted himself as a batsman to play in the top order along with Javed Miandad, but his contribution as a bowler was minimal. At the age of 39, Khan scored the highest runs of all the Pakistani batsmen and took the winning last wicket himself.

    Post-retirement

    In 1994, Khan had admitted that, during Test matches, he "occasionally scratched the side of the ball and lifted the seam." He had also added, "Only once did I use an object. When Sussex were playing Hampshire in 1981 the ball was not deviating at all. I got the 12th man to bring out a bottle top and it started to move around a lot." In 1996, Khan successfully defended himself in a libel action brought forth by former English captain and all-rounder Ian Botham and batsman Allan Lamb over comments they alleged were made by Khan in two articles about the above-mentioned ball-tampering and another article published in an Indian magazine, ''India Today''. They claimed that, in the latter publication, Khan had called the two cricketers "racist, ill-educated and lacking in class." Khan protested that he had been misquoted, saying that he was defending himself after having admitted that he tampered with a ball in a county match 18 years ago. Khan won the libel case, which the judge labelled a "complete exercise in futility", with a 10-2 majority decision by the jury.

    Since retiring, Khan has written opinion pieces on cricket for various British and Asian newspapers, especially regarding the Pakistani national team. His contributions have been published in India's ''Outlook'' magazine, the ''Guardian'', the ''Independent'', and the ''Telegraph''. Khan also sometimes appears as a cricket commentator on Asian and British sports networks, including BBC Urdu and the Star TV network. In 2004, when the Indian cricket team toured Pakistan after 14 years, he was a commentator on TEN Sports' special live show, Straight Drive, while he was also a columnist for sify.com for the 2005 India-Pakistan Test series. He has provided analysis for every cricket World Cup since 1992, which includes providing match summaries for BBC during the 1999 World Cup.

    In November 2009 Khan underwent emergency surgery at Lahore's Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital to remove an obstruction in his small intestine.

    Social work

    For more than four years after retiring from cricket in 1992, Khan focused his efforts solely on social work. By 1991, he had founded the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust, a charity organisation bearing the name of his mother, Mrs. Shaukat Khanum. As the Trust's maiden endeavour, Khan established Pakistan's first and only cancer hospital, constructed using donations and funds exceeding $25 million, raised by Khan from all over the world. Inspired by the memory of his mother, who died of cancer, the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, a charitable cancer hospital with 75 percent free care, opened in Lahore on 29 December 1994. Khan currently serves as the chairman of the hospital and continues to raise funds through charity and public donations. Princess of Wales Lady Diana also visited Lahore in 1996 in order to raise funds for the Cancer hospital.

    During the 1990s, Khan also served as UNICEF's Special Representative for Sports and promoted health and immunisation programmes in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Thailand.

    On 27 April 2008, Khan's brainchild, a technical college in the Mianwali District called Namal College, was inaugurated. Namal College was built by the Mianwali Development Trust (MDT), as chaired by Khan, and was made an associate college of the University of Bradford (of which Khan is Chancellor) in December 2005. Currently, Khan is building another cancer hospital in Karachi, using his successful Lahore institution as a model. While in London, he also works with the Lord’s Taverners, a cricket charity.

    Political work

    Khan entered electoral politics after few years after the end of his professional cricketing career. Since then, his most significant political work has been to bring awareness towards the lack of justice in Pakistan. This movement to bring justice was coupled with awareness in media and harassment of judiciary by President Pervez Musharaf. The public, with the help of lawyers, NGOs and other major political parties, including Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, fought a battle on the roads, getting judiciary eventually restored in its much improved (impartial)form . Initially, Imran Khan's politics were not taken seriously in Pakistan. However, his popularity has sharply risen, especially among women and the youth of Pakistan, after the repeated bad governance by the government and interference by US. Recently, Imran Khan has been the only politician who has responded to terrorism allegations on Pakistan. While Khan is viewed as a fundamentalist by some political circles, he has suggested solutions for helping US and NATO forces to fight terrorism while at the same time, not creating more terrorists in Pakistan. Imran Khan is sometimes viewed as a stubborn politician who does not involve others in decision making. However, Imran Khan has openly denied this allegation and claimed that the level of democracy in the executive committee meeting of his party (PTI) is unmatched by any other political party in Pakistan. While many people seem hopeless about Imran's political victory in Pakistan, he has known to someone possessing high level of determination and perseverance, as demonstrated by his cricket and philanthropic career. His political popularity is rising quickly in Pakistan and although the party has only one seat in 2002 elections and kept out of elections in 2008, resulting in no representation in Parliament, Imran Khan is considered as the one of the four major political leaders in Pakistan, especially by mainstream media (others being Asif Ali Zardari, Nawaz Sharif and Altaf Hussain).

    On 25 April 1996, Khan founded his own political party called the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) with a proposed slogan of "Justice, Humanity and Self Esteem." Khan, who contested from 7 districts, and members of his party were universally defeated at the polls in the 1997 general elections. Khan supported General Pervez Musharraf's military coup in 1999, but denounced his presidency a few months before the 2002 general elections. Many political commentators and his opponents termed Khan's change in opinion an opportunistic move. "I regret supporting the referendum. I was made to understand that when he won, the general would begin a clean-up of the corrupt in the system. But really it wasn't the case," he later explained. During the 2002 election season, he also voiced his opposition to Pakistan's logistical support of US troops in Afghanistan by claiming that their country had become a "servant of America." PTI won 0.8% of the popular vote and one out of 272 open seats on the 20 October 2002 legislative elections. Khan, who was elected from the NA-71 constituency of Mianwali, was sworn in as an MP on 16 November.. As an MP, he was part of the Standing Committees on Kashmir and Public Accounts, and expressed legislative interest in Foreign Affairs, Education and Justice.

    On 6 May 2005, Khan became one of the first Muslim figures to criticise a 300-word ''Newsweek'' story about the alleged desecration of the Qur'an in a U.S. military prison at the Guantánamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba. Khan held a press conference to denounce the article and demanded that Gen. Pervez Musharraf secure an apology from American president George W. Bush for the incident. In 2006, he exclaimed, "Musharraf is sitting here, and he licks George Bush’s shoes!" Criticizing Muslim leaders supportive of the Bush administration, he added, "They are the puppets sitting on the Muslim world. We want a sovereign Pakistan. We do not want a president to be a poodle of George Bush." During George W. Bush's visit to Pakistan in March 2006, Khan was placed under house arrest in Islamabad after his threats of organising a protest. In June 2007, the federal Parliamentary Affairs Minister Dr. Sher Afghan Khan Niazi and the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) party filed separate ineligibility references against Khan, asking for his disqualification as member of the National Assembly on grounds of immorality. Both references, filed on the basis of articles 62 and 63 of the Constitution of Pakistan, were rejected on 5 September.

    On 2 October 2007, as part of the All Parties Democratic Movement, Khan joined 85 other MPs to resign from Parliament in protest of the Presidential election scheduled for 6 October, which General Musharraf was contesting without resigning as army chief. On 3 November 2007, Khan was put under house arrest at his father's home hours after President Musharraf declared a state of emergency in Pakistan. Khan had demanded the death penalty for Musharraf after the imposition of emergency rule, which he equated to "committing treason". The next day, on 4 November, Khan escaped and went into peripatetic hiding. He eventually came out of hiding on 14 November to join a student protest at the University of the Punjab. At the rally, Khan was captured by students from the Jamaat-i-Islami political party, who claimed that Khan was an uninvited nuisance at the rally, and they handed him over to the police, who charged him under the Anti-terrorism act for allegedly inciting people to pick up arms, calling for civil disobedience, and for spreading hatred. Incarcerated in the Dera Ghazi Khan Jail, Khan's relatives had access to him and were able to meet him to deliver goods during his week-long stay in jail. On 19 November, Khan let out the word through PTI members and his family that he had begun a hunger strike but the Deputy Superintendent of Dera Ghazi Khan Jail denied this news, saying that Khan had bread, eggs and fruit for breakfast. Khan was one of the 3,000 political prisoners released from imprisonment on 21 November 2007.

    His party boycotted the national elections on 18 February 2008 and hence, no member of PTI has served in Parliament since Khan's resignation in 2007. Despite no longer being a member of Parliament, Khan was placed under house arrest in the crackdown by Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari of anti-government protests on 15 March 2009.

    In April 2011, Khan lead protests over the drone attacks in the Tribal Areas of Pakistan. He and his protesters stayed on the streets overnight to show solidarity with the victims of these drone attacks by the US Military.

    Ideology

    Khan's proclaimed political platform and declarations include: Islamic values, to which he rededicated himself in the 1990s; liberal economics, with the promise of deregulating the economy and creating a welfare state; decreased bureaucracy and anti-corruption laws, to create and ensure a clean government; the establishment of an independent judiciary; overhaul of the country's police system; and an anti-militant vision for a democratic Pakistan.

    Khan has credited his decision to enter politics with a spiritual awakening,"I never drank or smoked, but I used to do my share of partying. In my spiritual evolution there was a block," he explained to the American ''Washington Post''. As an MP, Khan sometimes voted with a bloc of hard-line religious parties such as the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, whose leader, Maulana Fazlur Rehman, he supported for prime minister over Musharraf's candidate in 2002. On religion in Pakistan, Khan has said that, "As time passes by, religious thought has to evolve, but it is not evolving, it is reacting against Western culture and often has nothing to do with faith or religion."

    Khan told Britain's ''Daily Telegraph'', "I want Pakistan to be a welfare state and a genuine democracy with a rule of law and an independent judiciary." Other ideas he has presented include a requirement of all students to spend a year after graduation teaching in the countryside and cutting down the over-staffed bureaucracy in order to send them to teach too. "We need decentralisation, empowering people at the grass roots," he has said. In June 2007, Khan publicly deplored Britain for knighting Indian-born author Salman Rushdie. He said, "Western civilisation should have been mindful of the injury the writer had caused to the Muslim community by writing his highly controversial book, ''The Satanic Verses''."

    Criticism

    During the 1970s and 1980s, Khan became known as a socialite due to his "non-stop partying" at London nightclubs such as Annabel's and Tramp. though he claims to have hated English pubs and never drank alcohol. He also gained notoriety in London gossip columns for romancing young debutantes such as Susannah Constantine, Lady Liza Campbell and the artist Emma Sergeant.

    Khan is often dismissed as a political lightweight and a celebrity outsider in Pakistan, where national newspapers also refer to him as a "spoiler politician". Muttahida Qaumi Movement, a political party with its voting stronghold in Karachi, has asserted that Khan is "a sick person who has been a total failure in politics and is alive just because of the media coverage". The Political observers say the crowds he draws are attracted by his cricketing celebrity, and the public has been reported to view him as a figure of entertainment rather than a serious political authority.

    ''The Guardian'' newspaper in England described Khan as a "miserable politician," observing that, "Khan's ideas and affiliations since entering politics in 1996 have swerved and skidded like a rickshaw in a rainshower... He preaches democracy one day but gives a vote to reactionary mullahs the next." The charge constantly raised against Khan is that of hypocrisy and opportunism, including what has been called his life's "playboy to puritan U-turn." One of Pakistan's most controversial political commentators, Najam Sethi, stated that, "A lot of the Imran Khan story is about backtracking on a lot of things he said earlier, which is why this doesn’t inspire people." Khan's political flip-flops consist of his vocal criticism of President Musharraf after having supported his military takeover in 1999. Similarly, Khan has been a critic of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif when Sharif was in power, having said at the time: "Our current prime minister has a fascist mind-set, and members of parliament cannot go against the ruling party. We think that every day he stays in power, the country is sinking more into anarchy.". In a column entitled "Will the Real Imran Please Stand Up," Pakistani columnist Amir Zia quoted one of PTI's Karachi-based leaders as saying, "Even we are finding it difficult to figure out the real Imran. He dons the shalwar-kameez and preaches desi and religious values while in Pakistan, but transforms himself completely while rubbing shoulders with the elite in Britain and elsewhere in the west."

    In 2008, as part of the Hall of Shame awards for 2007, Pakistan's ''Newsline'' magazine gave Khan the "Paris Hilton award for being the most undeserving media darling." The 'citation' for Khan read: "He is the leader of a party that is the proud holder of one National Assembly seat (and) gets media coverage inversely proportional to his political influence." ''The Guardian'' has described the coverage garnered by Khan's post-retirement activities in England, where he made his name as a cricket star and a night-club regular., as "terrible tosh, with danger attached. It turns a great (and greatly miserable) Third World nation into a gossip-column annexe. We may all choke on such frivolity." After the 2008 general elections, political columnist Azam Khalil addressed Khan, who remains respected as a cricket legend, as one of the "utter failures in Pakistani politics". Writing in the ''Frontier Post'', Khalil added: "Imran Khan has time and again changed his political course and at present has no political ideology and therefore was not taken seriously by a vast majority of the people."

    Awards and honours

  • In 1992, Khan was given Pakistan's civil award, the Hilal-i-Imtiaz
  • In 1983, he had received the President’s Pride of Performance Award
  • Khan is featured in the University of Oxford's Hall of Fame and has been an honorary fellow of Oxford's Keble College.
  • On 7 December 2005, Khan was appointed the fifth Chancellor of the University of Bradford, where he is also a patron of the Born in Bradford research project.
  • In 1976 as well as 1980, Khan was awarded The Cricket Society Wetherall Award for being the leading all-rounder in English first-class cricket.
  • In 1983, he was also named Wisden Cricketer of the Year
  • In 1985, Sussex Cricket Society Player of the Year
  • In 1990, Indian Cricket Cricketer of the Year
  • Khan is currently placed at Number 8 on the all-time list of the ESPN Legends of Cricket.
  • On 5 July 2008, he was one of several veteran Asian cricketers presented special silver jubilee awards at the inaugural Asian cricket Council (ACC) award ceremony in Karachi. On 8 July 2004, Khan was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2004 Asian Jewel Awards in London, for "acting as a figurehead for many international charities and working passionately and extensively in fund-raising activities. On 13 December 2007, Khan received the Humanitarian Award at the Asian Sports Awards in Kuala Lumpur for his efforts in setting up the first cancer hospital in Pakistan. In 2009, at International Cricket Council's centennial year celebration, Khan was one of fifty-five cricketers inducted into the ICC Hall of Fame.

    Writings by Khan

    Khan occasionally contributes opinion editorials on cricket and Pakistani politics to British newspapers. He has also published five works of non-fiction, including an autobiography co-written with Patrick Murphy. It was disclosed in 2008 that Khan did not write his second book, ''Indus Journey: A Personal View of Pakistan''. Instead, his the book's publisher Jeremy Lewis revealed in a memoir that he had to write the book for Khan. Lewis recalls that when he asked Khan to show his writing for publication, "he handed me a leatherbound notebook or diary containing a few jottings and autobiographical snippets. It took me, at most, five minutes to read them; and that, it soon became apparent, was all we had to go on."

    Books

    Articles

  • Guardian comments, political and cricket commentary by Khan
  • Telegraph columns, sports articles penned by Khan from 2000 to present
  • We must address the root causes of this terror, Khan's editorial in the ''Independent'' following the 11 September attacks
  • Benazir Bhutto has only herself to blame, Khan's 2007 editorial on Bhutto's return to Pakistan
  • References

    Further reading

    External links

  • Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, Khan's political party
  • Chancellor: Imran Khan at the University of Bradford
  • Imran Khan: Pakistan has lost its dignity and self-esteem, Imran Khan, ''The Independent'', 3 May 2011
  • ;Articles
  • The NS Interview: Imran Khan Mehdi Hasan, ''New Statesman'', 20 August 2010
  • Imran Khan's revolution, Murtaza Razvi, ''Dawn'', 27 April 2011
  • Category:Article Feedback Pilot Category:Alumni of Keble College, Oxford Category:Chancellors of the University of Bradford Category:Cricketers at the 1975 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 1979 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 1983 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 1987 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 1992 Cricket World Cup Category:Fellows of Keble College, Oxford Category:Hilal-i-Imtiaz Category:International Cricket Council Hall of Fame inductees Category:Lahore cricketers Category:Old Aitchisonians Category:Old Elizabethans Category:Oxford University cricketers Category:Pakistani athlete-politicians Category:Pakistani cricket captains Category:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf politicians Category:Pakistan International Airlines cricketers Category:Pakistani politicians Category:Pakistan One Day International cricketers Category:Pakistan Test cricketers Category:Pashtun people Category:People from Lahore Category:People from Mianwali District Category:Sussex cricketers Category:Wisden Cricketers of the Year Category:Worcestershire cricketers Category:World Series Cricket players Category:1952 births Category:Living people Category:Wisden Leading Cricketers in the World Category:New South Wales cricketers Category:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf

    ar:عمران خان bn:ইমরান খান de:Imran Khan es:Imran Khan fr:Imran Khan gu:ઇમરાન ખાન hi:इमरान ख़ान id:Imran Khan Niazi kn:ಇಮ್ರಾನ್ ಖಾನ್ ka:იმრან ხანი mr:इम्रान खान ms:Imran Khan nl:Imran Khan ja:イムラン・カーン pnb:عمران خان ps:عمران خان simple:Imran Khan sv:Imran Khan ta:இம்ரான் கான் te:ఇమ్రాన్ ఖాన్ నియాజి ur:عمران خان zh:伊姆蘭·罕

    This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.



    Coordinates34°03′″N118°15′″N
    NameAli Moeen Nawazish
    Birth placeRawalpindi, Pakistan
    ResidencePakistan
    Nationality
    EthnicityPunjabi
    CitizenshipPakistan
    Achievements23 A Levels, Pride of Performance award
    Alma matterSt Mary's AcademyRoots School SystemTrinity Hall, Cambridge
    OccupationStudent, CEO Step Up Pakistan, Anchor
    Home townRawalpindi, Pakistan
    ReligionIslam
    known forPassing 23 A-levels
    AwardsPride of Performance
    Footnotes}}

    Ali Moeen Nawazish is a Pakistani student notable for passing 23 A-levels, a world record. He got 21 As, a B, and a C. Nawazish has graduated from Trinity Hall, Cambridge.

    Early life and education

    Nawazish was born in Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan and lived most of his life there. Both his parents work as doctors. He studied at St Mary's Academy and Roots School System during his General Certificate of Education.

    Nawazish claims to be an ordinary student whose academic performance oscillated as a child; he sometimes barely passed. He edited the school magazine. He plays the guitar and piano, and played for a musical band. He is a practicing Muslim.

    He received nine A grades in his O Level, along with a "Top in World" award in computer studies. The A Level subjects he took were Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Maths, Computer Studies, Marine Sciences, Applied ICT, Thinking Skills, Urdu Literature, General Paper, Geography, Applied Geography, General Further Mathematics, Human Biology, Further Mathematics, Sociology, Psychology, General Studies, English language, Travel and Tourism, Urdu Language, Business Studies, and Critical Thinking. He received awards for the highest marks in the country in Computing and ICT.

    Despite his early success, Nawazish has struggled with the Cambridge workload. In his first year at Cambridge, Nawazish achieved a 2.2 in Part IA of the Computer Science Tripos. He switched in his second year to Part IIA of the Politics, Psychology and Sociology Tripos and achieved another 2.2. In his third and final year, he achieved a 2.1 in Part IIB of the Politics, Psychology and Sociology Tripos.

    Media attention and awards

    Nawazish was interviewed by or quoted in newspapers and TV channels, including Times Online, ''The Telegraph'', ''The Independent'', and the BBC. The media's response was highly positive. He was awarded the Pride of Performance award, which is one of the highest honors in Pakistan. Nawazish was congratulated personally by the Prime Minister of Pakistan.

    Step Up Pakistan

    Nawazish has founded Step Up Pakistan, an organization Pakistan primarily in the field of education. One of its subsidiaries is 'thealevelchallenge', which is a free website where students can ask academic-based questions and receive professional assistance. Other projects of the organization are aimed to train teachers, to improve education in the backward areas, to improve the country's curriculum and education system, and to carry out other humanitarian efforts.

    Association with Mobilink

    Nawazish is a brand ambassador for the Pakistani telecommunications company Mobilink, which is a subsidiary of Egyptian-based Orascom Telecom Holding. The campaign for which he worked was Kal ke Liye Aaj Badlo which is an inspiration to make a change, bring a meaningful difference in our everyday lives, and rise above challenges, however large they may seem. Nawazish did a print and ad campaign with them.

    See also

  • Ibrahim Shahid
  • References

    External links

    pnb:علی معین نوازش Category:Punjabi people Category:1990 births Category:People from Rawalpindi District Category:Pakistani academics Category:Living people Category:Students in Pakistan

    This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.



    Coordinates34°03′″N118°15′″N
    playernameWaqar Younis
    countryPakistan
    fullnameWaqar Younis Maitla
    nicknameBurewala Express, Sultan of Swing,The Two W's (with Wasim Akram),The Toe crusher
    livingtrue
    dayofbirth16
    monthofbirth11
    yearofbirth1971
    placeofbirthVehari, Punjab
    countryofbirthPakistan
    heightft6
    heightinch1/5
    heightm1.83
    relationsFaisal Younis(Brother)
    battingRight hand bat
    bowlingRight arm fast
    roleBowler
    internationaltrue
    testdebutdate15 November
    testdebutyear1989
    testdebutagainstIndia
    testcap111
    lasttestdate2 January
    lasttestyear2003
    lasttestagainstSouth Africa
    odidebutdate14 October
    odidebutyear1989
    odidebutagainstWest Indies
    odicap71
    lastodidate4 March
    lastodiyear2003
    lastodiagainstZimbabwe
    odishirt99
    club1Allied Bank Limited
    year12003-2004
    club2Warwickshire
    year22003
    club3National Bank of Pakistan
    year32001-2003
    club4Lahore Blues
    year42000-2001
    club5REDCO Pakistan Limited
    year51999-2000
    club6Rawalpindi
    year61998-1999
    club7Karachi
    year71998-1999
    club8Glamorgan
    year81997-1998
    club9Surrey
    year91990-1993
    club10United Bank Limited
    year101988-1989, 1996-1997
    club11Multan
    year111987-1988, 1997-1998
    columns4
    column1Test
    matches187
    runs11010
    bat avg110.20
    100s/50s10/0
    top score145
    deliveries116224
    wickets1373
    bowl avg123.56
    fivefor122
    tenfor15
    best bowling17/76
    catches/stumpings118/–
    column2ODI
    matches2262
    runs2969
    bat avg210.30
    100s/50s20/0
    top score237
    deliveries212698
    wickets2416
    bowl avg223.84
    fivefor213
    tenfor2n/a
    best bowling27/36
    catches/stumpings235/–
    column3FC
    matches3228
    runs32972
    bat avg313.38
    100s/50s30/6
    top score364
    deliveries339181
    wickets3956
    bowl avg322.33
    fivefor363
    tenfor314
    best bowling38/17
    catches/stumpings358/–
    column4LA
    matches4411
    runs41553
    bat avg410.42
    100s/50s40/0
    top score445
    deliveries419841
    wickets4675
    bowl avg422.36
    fivefor417
    tenfor4n/a
    best bowling47/36
    catches/stumpings456/–
    date3 September
    year2010
    sourcehttp://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1934/1934.html CricketArchive }}

    Waqar Younis Maitla (Urdu: وقار یونس, born 16 November 1971) is a former Pakistani right arm fast bowler in cricket and widely regarded as one of the best fast bowlers of all time.

    He was best known in cricket for his ability to reverse swing a cricket ball at high speed . He took 373 Test wickets and 416 One Day International wickets during his career. He is considered to be the best exponent of the swing bowling delivery. Younis has the best strike rate for any bowler with over 200 Test wickets. He worked as a bowling coach with the national side from 2006 to 2007.

    Younis was appointed as the coach of the Pakistan cricket team on 3 March 2010. His managerial contract with the Pakistan Cricket Board will take part in all forms of cricket, right up to December 2011, which will include all professional competitions, such as the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

    Early and personal life

    Younis was born in Vehari, Punjab in Pakistan in a Jatt family. He was educated in Sadiq Public School in Bahawalpur in Pakistan, the Pakistani College (Pakistan Islamia Higher Secondary School) in Sharjah and the Government College University in Vehari. He was raised in Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates, where his father was a contract worker. He returned to Pakistan during his adolescent years and there, he started playing cricket.

    He is married to Dr. Faryal Waqar Younis, a Pakistani Australian with a son Azaan Waqar and a daughter Maira Waqar and now lives in Castle Hill in Australia. Younis has also worked as a television sports commentator for the Nine Network in Australia and for Ten Sports in the United Arab Emirates.

    Cricket and coaching career

    Younis began his cricket career in Pakistan, playing for several First-class cricket clubs. However he suffered an injury when he had cut and removed his little finger on his left hand, after he had jumped into a canal. He recovered from this accident and went on to continue his sporting career. He was eventually discovered by former Pakistan captain, Imran Khan and was selected to be part of the national side. The turning point of his career happened in England, during the late 1980s and early 1990s, when he played for Surrey County Cricket Club. There he displayed excellent cricketing performances and attracted attention from the sporting public.

    He made his International cricket debut for Pakistan against India on 15 November 1989, in the same match that Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar also made his debut. Younis took 4 wickets in the drawn match including the wickets of Tendulkar and Kapil Dev. He made an immediate impression with his speed and became known in the cricket media as "Wiki" or the "Burewala Express". Younis along with Wasim Akram opened the bowling attack regularly for Pakistan, becoming a feared and potent attack. His most recognized delivery was an inswinging yorker. At his peak, he developed into a very quick fast bowler and also became famous for achieving a hat-trick in a One Day International match against New Zealand in 1994. He won the English County Championship with Glamorgan in 1997. During the early periods of 2000, he stayed out of the Pakistan team for a brief period allegedly due to suspension and conflicts with bowling partner and captain Wasim Akram. His return to cricket came with him being appointed the captain of Pakistan, a position he held until his team failed to make an impact in the 2003 Cricket World Cup. He retired from cricket in 2003 after the Pakistan Cricket Board persistently ignored him for national selection.

    In March 2006, he was appointed as the bowling coach for Pakistan. He resigned from this position on 6 January 2007 in protest against the Pakistan Cricket Board decision to retain him only for the Test series against South Africa and not for the subsequent series of five One Day International matches. He was re-appointed as Pakistan's bowling and fielding coach for their tour of Australia in December 2009. In February 2010, Younis was appointed the head coach of Pakistan after Intikhab Alam was sacked as coach, due to the low-level of performances of the national side during the tour of Australia earlier that year.

    Waqar's first job as coach was to lead an inexperienced Pakistan side missing Younis Khan, Mohammad Yousuf and Shoaib Malik to the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 as a consolation though Waqar had two top-notch bowlers in Mohammad Amir and Mohammad Asif at his disposal. He guided the defending champions to the semi-final of the tournament before the were knocked out by Australia courtesy of a superb 60* by Mike Hussey who whacked three sixes in the final over to seal the victory.

    The World Twenty20 was followed with the 2010 Asia Cup in which Pakistan lost to Sri Lanka by a narrow-margin as Pakistan's top order collapsed and it was Shahid Afridi who scored 112 to nearly guide Pakistan to victory. In the following match Pakistan lost narrowly against India courtesy of a six by Harbhajan Singh an the third ball of the final over. The following match was a dead rubber between Pakistan and Bangladesh and another Afridi century meant Pakistan scored 385 runs and they comfortably won the match by 139 runs

    After this a tour of England followed with two Twenty20's against Australia and two Test matches. Pakistan won both Twenty20's comfortably and the first test saw Pakistan defeated by 154 runs. Pakistan rallied in the second test and for the first time in 15 years Pakistan defeated Australia in a Test match. Ironically the previous victory in 1995 was also courtesy of a superb bowling spell by Waqar Younis

    This tour was followed by a controversial tour against England as Pakistan headed in to the final Test match needing to win it to level the series 2-2 the News of the World broke a story that Mohammad Amir, Mohammad Asif and captain Salman Butt were involved in Spot-fixing. This saw the three players temporarily suspended and Pakistan lost by an innings and 225 runs their biggest defeat in history. Low team-morale meant the next two T20 matches were won comfortably by England. Following an ODI series which Pakistan lost 3-2.

    This was followed by a tour of Abu Dhabi playing against South Africa Pakistan lost the first Twenty20 match by six-wickets following a batting-collapse which meant that no partnerships were formed. Pakistan also lost the ODI series of five matches by 3-2. Pakistan won the second one day due to Abdul Razzaq's superb performance scoring 109* off 72 ball. The test series of two matches with South Africa was drawn. He also stated that now it was the time for Pakistan to rally and prepare for the World Cup

    Skills in cricket

    Younis is one of several Pakistani fast bowlers, beginning with Sarfraz Nawaz, who have been successful at bowling reverse swing. In partnership with Akram, Younis opened the Pakistan bowling attack in the 1990s. Cricket critics and scholars attribute Younis and Akram to be one of the most effective fast bowling partnerships in cricket, due to their ability to swing the ball at high speed. The ability to reverse swing and his speed led to him becoming one of the most talented bowlers in modern cricket.

    Younis explained his ability to reverse swing by the manipulation of an old ball; with one side shiny, one side rough, the ball would move in the opposite direction to conventional swing. This led to Younis having the ability to bowl inswingers and outswingers in the cricket pitch and in effect both Younis and Akram became successful in taking wickets by this variation of swing bowling. His fastest delivery in cricket was 153 km/h or 95.1 mph, a delivery he bowled against South Africa in 1993. He was also effective in the use of bouncers or short pitch deliveries; Younis' bowling against South Africa in Sheikhupura in Pakistan, is remembered for his effective use of the short pitched delivery.

    Following Pakistan's victory during the Test match series versus England in 1992, the English media were suspicious of the reverse swing delivery. It was relatively unknown to the cricketing world during that period and this led to accusations of foul play by critics, however cricket officials found no evidence of foul play and the skill of the reverse swing delivery has been accepted in cricket.

    Sri Lanka fast bowler, Lasith Malinga, who became the first bowler in World Cup history to take two hat-tricks, has said that he learnt to bowl his deadly yorkers by watching Pakistan's legendary pair of Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis. No doubt over the years several bowlers have learned and mastered the skill of reverse swing but there are still some techniques which haven't have been explored e.g. banana swing. Title of Banana swing bowler was given to Waqar Younis because of his unique technique of swinging the ball in the air at very high speed before hitting the ground. In most of his hat tricks he has delivered banana swing balls which were unplayable.

    Despite his qualities as a fast bowler, he was expensive at times and sometimes lacked the consistency of bowlers such as West Indian fast bowler Curtly Ambrose and Australian fast bowler Glenn McGrath. This may be partly due to the mentality of his former captain, Imran Khan, who prioritised aggression and speed.

    Fan following

    Considered as one of the finest bowlers in cricket, Waqar Younis has been a legend to many, both nationally and internationally, throughout his cricket career.

    The world's fastest sprinter and runner Usain Bolt, who is from Jamaica (in the West Indies), once famously replied while being asked about who were his heroes when he was a child: "When I was really small I loved the Pakistan cricket team. Waqar Younis was one of the greatest bowlers ever, and I was a bowler so I really enjoyed watching him. I was a big Pakistan fan until I got older, when I noticed that I should actually support my home team." When asked what if there was a match between Pakistan and Windies, Bolt remarked "I would still have supported Pakistan, that’s what I’m saying – when I was little, it was all about Pakistan."

    Award and records

    Younis was awarded Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1992 for his sporting achievements. He is also the only bowler to have taken 5 wickets in an innings in 3 consecutive One Day International matches. He has taken 5 wicket hauls on 13 occasions in One Day International matches. In terms of deliveries bowled, he has taken the fastest 50, 300, 350 and 400 wickets in One Day International matches and the fastest 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 wickets in Test matches.

    Although primarily a fast bowler, Younis scored 1010 Test match runs during his career. As of September 2005, he was the only non-batsman to achieve a thousand runs without scoring a fifty.

    Younis holds the record for the best strike rate for any bowler with over 200 Test wickets.

    Five wickets in an innings

    Waqar Younis has taken five or more wickets in an innings on 22 occasions in Test cricket.

    {|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="width:38em; text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" |- !colspan="6" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"|Table: Five wickets in an innings |- |colspan="6" style="font-size:90%; text-align:left;"|A list of occasions Waqar Younis has taken of five or more wickets in a Test Innings. |- !#!!Date!!Versus!!Ground!!Innings!!Bowling |- |1||18 October 1990||style="text-align:left;"|New Zealand||style="text-align:left;"|Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore||3rd||7 for 86 |- |2||26 October 1990||style="text-align:left;"|New Zealand||style="text-align:left;"|Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad||2nd||7 for 76 |- |3||26 October 1990||style="text-align:left;"|New Zealand||style="text-align:left;"|Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad||2nd||5 for 54 |- |4||15 November 1990||style="text-align:left;"|West Indies||style="text-align:left;"|National Stadium, Karachi||1st||5 for 76 |- |5||23 November 1990||style="text-align:left;"|West Indies||style="text-align:left;"|Iqbal Stadium||2nd||5 for 46 |- |6||12 December 1991||style="text-align:left;"|Sri Lanka||style="text-align:left;"|Jinnah Stadium, Sialkot||1st||5 for 84 |- |7||2 January 1992||style="text-align:left;"|Sri Lanka||style="text-align:left;"|Iqbal Stadium||3rd||5 for 65 |- |8||18 June 1992||style="text-align:left;"|England||style="text-align:left;"|Lord's, London||1st||5 for 91 |- |9||23 July 1992||style="text-align:left;"|England||style="text-align:left;"|Headingley, Leeds||2nd||5 for 117 |- |10||6 August 1992||style="text-align:left;"|England||style="text-align:left;"|Kennington Oval, London||4th||5 for 52 |- |11||2 January 1993||style="text-align:left;"|New Zealand||style="text-align:left;"|Trust Bank Park, Hamilton||4th||5 for 22 |- |12||1 May 1993||style="text-align:left;"|West Indies||style="text-align:left;"|Antigua Recreation Ground, St John's, Antigua||1st||5 for 28 |- |13||1 December 1993||style="text-align:left;"| Zimbabwe||style="text-align:left;"|Defence Stadium, Karachi||2nd||7 for 91 |- |14||1 December 1993||style="text-align:left;"| Zimbabwe||style="text-align:left;"|Defence Stadium, Karachi||4th||6 for 44 |- |15||9 December 1993||style="text-align:left;"| Zimbabwe||style="text-align:left;"|Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi||2nd||5 for 88 |- |16||16 December 1993||style="text-align:left;"| Zimbabwe||style="text-align:left;"|Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore||2nd||5 for 100 |- |17||24 February 1994||style="text-align:left;"|New Zealand||style="text-align:left;"|Lancaster Park, Christchurch||2nd||6 for 78 |- |18||26 August 1994||style="text-align:left;"|Sri Lanka||style="text-align:left;"|Asgiriya Stadium, Kandy||1st||6 for 34 |- |19||26 August 1994||style="text-align:left;"|Sri Lanka||style="text-align:left;"|Asgiriya Stadium, Kandy||3rd||5 for 85 |- |20||6 March 1998||style="text-align:left;"|South Africa||style="text-align:left;"|St George's Park, Port Elizabeth||1st||6 for 78 |- |21||14 March 1998||style="text-align:left;"|Zimbabwe||style="text-align:left;"|Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo||1st||5 for 106 |- |22||9 January 2002||style="text-align:left;"|Bangladesh||style="text-align:left;"|Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka||1st||6 for 55 |}

    Cricket controversies

    In July 2000 Younis became the first cricketer to be banned for ball tampering and was fined 50% of his match fee.

    There has been some controversy about his date of birth and age. According to ESPN cricinfo sports, Younis was born in 1969 and others including Yahoo! Cricket and CricketArchive claims he was born in 1971.

    References

    External links

    Category:Pakistan Test cricketers Category:Pakistani cricket captains Category:Pakistan One Day International cricketers Category:Glamorgan cricketers Category:Karachi cricketers Category:Lahore cricketers Category:Multan cricketers Category:National Bank of Pakistan cricketers Category:Rawalpindi cricketers Category:Redco Pakistan Limited cricketers Category:Surrey cricketers Category:United Bank Limited cricketers Category:Wisden Cricketers of the Year Category:One Day International hat-trick takers Category:Cricket commentators Category:Cricketers at the 1996 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup Category:Cricketers at the 2003 Cricket World Cup Category:1971 births Category:Living people Category:Pakistani expatriates in Australia Category:Pakistani expatriates in the United Arab Emirates Category:Pakistani emigrants to Australia Category:Pakistani Muslims Category:People from Vehari District Category:Punjabi people Category:Jat people Category:Sadiq Public School alumni Category:Pakistani cricketers Category:Warwickshire cricketers

    mr:वकार युनिस pnb:وقار یونس ta:வக்கார் யூனிசு ur:وقار یونس

    This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.



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