Gallia Belgica (sometimes given as Belgica Prima) was a Roman province located in what is now the southern part of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northeastern France, and western Germany. The indigenous population of southern Gallia Belgica consisted of a mixture of Celtic and Germanic tribes, often described as the Belgae as well. According to Julius Caesar, the border between Gallia and Belgica was formed by the Marne and the Seine and that with Germania by the Rhine. The area is the historical heart of the Low Countries, a region corresponding roughly to the current Benelux group of states, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg as well as the French Flanders and some part of the Rhineland.
Modern historians view the term 'Gaul' and its subdivisions as a "product of faulty ethnography" and see the split of Gallia Comata into three provinces as an attempt to construct a more efficient government, as opposed to a cultural division. Successive Roman emperors struck a balance between Romanizing the people of Gallia Belgica and allowing pre-existing culture to survive. The Romans allowed local governments to survive, typically in the form of Cantons, however their number in Gallia Belgica was curbed. Roman government was run by Concilia in Reims or Trier. Additionally, local notables from Gallia Belgica were required to participate in a festival in Lugdunum (modern Lyon) which typically celebrated or worshiped the emperor’s genius. The gradual adoption of Romanized names by local elites and the Romanization of laws under local authority demonstrate the effectiveness of this concilium Galliarum. With that said, the concept and community of Gallia Belgica did not predate the Roman province, but developed from it.
Emperor Diocletian restructured the provinces around 300, and split Belgica into two provinces: Belgica Prima and Belgica Secunda. Belgica Prima had Treveri (Trier) as its main city, and consisted of the eastern part. The border between Belgica Prima and Belgica Secunda was approximately along the River Meuse.
In a Belgian dictionary Latin-French (edited in Brussels in 1826 by P.J. De Mat) the word "Belga" is translated as "Flamand" (Flemish).
Category:Provinces of the Roman Empire Category:Provinces of Roman Gaul Belgica Category:States and territories established in 22 BC
af:Gallia Belgica br:Belgica bg:Галия Белгика ca:Gàl·lia Belga cy:Gallia Belgica de:Gallia Belgica el:Βελγική Γαλατία es:Galia Bélgica eo:Gallia Belgica eu:Galia Belgika fr:Gaule belgique gl:Gallia Belgica ko:갈리아 벨기카 hr:Gallia Belgica it:Gallia Belgica he:גאליה בלגיקה la:Gallia Belgica lt:Belgijos Galija hu:Gallia Belgica nl:Gallia Belgica ja:ガリア・ベルギカ no:Gallia Belgica pl:Gallia Belgica pt:Gália Belga ro:Gallia Belgica ru:Белгика (римская провинция) sr:Белгијска Галија sh:Belgijska Galija sv:Gallia Belgica th:แกลเลียเบลจิกา uk:Белгіка zh:比利時高盧This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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