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1985
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Abe Burrows
Abe Burrows (18 December 1910 – 17 May 1985) was an American humorist, author, and director for radio and the stage.
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Abu Nidal
Abu Nidal (Arabic: أبو نضال) (May 1937 – August 16, 2002), born Sabri Khalil al-Banna (Arabic: صبري خليل البنا), was the founder of Fatah–The Revolutionary Council (Arabic: فتح المجلس الثوري), a militant Palestinian group more commonly known as the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO). At the height of his power in the 1970s and 1980s, Abu Nidal, or "father of [the] struggle," was widely regarded as the most ruthless of the Palestinian political leaders. He told Der Spiegel in a rare interview in 1985: "I am the evil spirit which moves around only at night causing ... nightmares."
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Adam Gregory
Adam Gregory (born July 12, 1985 in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) is a country music performer. Active since 2000, he has recorded three studio albums, including 2000's ''The Way I'm Made'' and 2002's ''Workin' On It, both on Epic Records, as well as a self-titled album in 2006 on Mensa Records. He has also charted several singles on the Canadian country music charts, including two singles which have also been Top 40 hits on the Billboard'' country charts in the US.
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Adrian Peterson
Adrian Lewis Peterson (born March 21, 1985 in Palestine, Texas), nicknamed "A.D." (for "All Day") and "Purple Jesus", is an American football running back for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League. Peterson was selected by the Vikings with the seventh overall pick in the first round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Oklahoma.
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Agnes Bruckner
Agnes Bruckner (born August 16, 1985) is an American actress. She began acting on television in the late 1990s and has since appeared in 7 films, including 2006's The Woods, Blue Car, and Murder By Numbers.
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Ahn Hyun-Soo
Ahn Hyun-Soo (안현수, born November 23, 1985 in Seoul) is a Short track speed skating athlete from South Korea and is a three-time gold-medalist in the Winter Olympics.
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Ai Miyazato
is a Japanese professional golfer who currently competes on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour and the Japan LPGA Tour (JLPGA). She has been the top-ranked golfer in the Women's World Golf Rankings for three periods of time in 2010.
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Ajantha Mendis
Balapuwaduge Ajantha Winslo Mendis (born March 11, 1985 in Moratuwa) is a cricketer who plays for the Sri Lankan national cricket team.
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Alexander Ovechkin
Alexander Mikhaylovich Ovechkin (; ; born September 17, 1985) is a Russian professional ice hockey left winger and captain of the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League (NHL). Prior to playing in the NHL, Ovechkin played for the now-defunct HC Dynamo Moscow of the Russian Superleague for four seasons from 2001 until 2005.
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Alexandra Nechita
Alexandra Nechita (born August 27, 1985) is a Romanian-born American cubist painter and muralist.
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Alison Carroll
Alison Carroll (born 21 March 1985) is an English gymnast, model, and actress. She has been the official Lara Croft model since August 2008.
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Alison Pill
Alison Courtney Pill (born November 27, 1985) is a Canadian film, television and theatre actor. She is most recently known for portraying Kim Pine in the film Scott Pilgrim vs. The World.
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Alister Hardy
Sir Alister Clavering Hardy, FRS (10 February 1896 – 22 May 1985) was an Oxford-educated marine biologist, expert on zooplankton and marine ecosystems. He founded the Religious Experience Research Centre in 1969, after retiring as a professor at Oxford.
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Allison Miller
Allison Miller (born September 2, 1985) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Michelle Benjamin on the NBC series Kings.
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Amanda Seyfried
Amanda Michelle Seyfried ( ; born December 3, 1985) is an American actress, singer-songwriter and former child model. She began her career as a child model when she was 11 and when she was 15 she began her career as an actress; starting off with uncredited roles and going on to have recurring roles on As the World Turns and All My Children, which expanded into her successful television and film career.
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Amaury Leveaux
swimmer
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Amy Manson
Amy Manson (born 1985) is a Scottish actress, known for portraying Alice Guppy in Torchwood, Abby Evans in Casualty and Lizzie Siddal in ''Desperate Romantics.
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Amy Reid
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Ana Carolina Reston
Ana Carolina Reston Macan (June 4, 1984 – November 15, 2006) was a Brazilian fashion model.
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Andrea Bargnani
Andrea Bargnani, nicknamed "Il Mago" (translated to "The Magician"), (born October 26, 1985 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian professional basketball player with the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association. He was selected first overall in the 2006 NBA Draft. He is a power forward/centre standing at 213 cm (7 ft 0 in) and weighing 113.4 kg (250 lbs). Prior to his NBA career, Bargnani played for Benetton Treviso in the Italian Lega A and the elite Euroleague. In his first two seasons with the Raptors, he helped the team reach the NBA Playoffs, including the Atlantic Division title in 2006–07.
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Andrej Bicenko
Andrej Bicenko (October 17, 1886 – 1985) also spelled Andrei Bicenko, Andrey Bitsenko (Russian Cyrillic:Андрей Василевич Биценко) was a Russian fresco painter.
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Andy Schleck
Andy Raymond Schleck (born June 10, 1985) is a Luxembourgian professional road bicycle racer for UCI ProTour team . He is the younger brother of Fränk Schleck, who also rode for Team Saxo Bank. Their father Johny Schleck rode the Tour de France and Vuelta a España between 1965 and 1974.
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Andy Stanfield
MedalCountry|
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Anette Sagen
Anette Sagen (born 10 January 1985) is a Norwegian ski jumper from Mosjøen, and one of the best female jumpers of all time. She received a lot of media attention in 2004, when she was denied the opportunity to jump K185 in Vikersund, in spite of her good results. The struggle was over whether the quality of female ski jumpers was high enough to allow women to jump in these venues. Torbjørn Yggeseth, the chairman of the ski jump committee of the International Ski Federation, was Sagen’s main opponent. The debate soon developed into a struggle over women’s rights in the world of sports.
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Anna Kendrick
Anna Kendrick (born August 9, 1985) is an American film and stage actor best known for the roles of Natalie Keener in the 2009 film Up in the Air, and Jessica Stanley in the Twilight Saga film series. Her other work includes the films Camp and Rocket Science and the Broadway musical High Society. Kendrick is a Tony, Drama Desk, Screen Actors Guild, BAFTA, Golden Globe, Independent Spirit and an Academy Award nominee for Best Supporting Actress.
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Annaleigh Ashford
Annaleigh Ashford (born on June 25, 1985) is an American actress known for her Broadway credits in Wicked, Legally Blonde, and Hair.
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Anne Baxter
Anne Baxter (May 7, 1923 – December 12, 1985) was an American actress known for her performances in films such as The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), All About Eve (1950), ''The Razor's Edge (1946) and The Ten Commandments'' (1956).
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Arab
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Arnold Chikobava
Arnold Stepanovich Chikobava () (March 14, 1898-November 5, 1985) was a Georgian linguist and philologist best known as for his contributions to the Caucasian studies as well as one of the most active critics of Nicholas Marr's controversial monogenetic "Japhetic" theory of language.
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Asamoah Gyan
Asamoah Gyan (pronounced ; born 22 November 1985 in Accra) is a Ghanaian international footballer who plays as a striker for Sunderland in the English Premier League. He attended high school at Accra Academy where he played in the school's soccer team.
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Ashley Tisdale
Ashley Michelle Tisdale (born July 2, 1985) is an American actress, singer, songwriter and television producer who rose to prominence portraying the candy-counter girl Maddie Fitzpatrick in Disney Channel's The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and the female antagonist Sharpay Evans in the High School Musical film series. Her role as Evans required her to perform several songs in the film series' soundtracks. Tisdale became the first female artist to debut with two songs simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100, in the week of February 12, 2006, with "What I've Been Looking For" and "Bop to the Top", both songs from the first High School Musical soundtrack.
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Ashlynn Brooke
Ashlynn Brooke (born August 14, 1985) is an American pornographic actress, feature dancer, and model.
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Audrina Partridge
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Audrina Patridge
Audrina Cathleen Patridge (born May 9, 1985) is an American television personality and actress. She is known for being one of the four original primary cast members featured on the MTV reality series, The Hills. She also hosts The Talent Contest Network, YOBI.tv, and has starred in the films Sorority Row and Into The Blue 2.
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Aya Ueto
is a Japanese actress, singer, idol, and tarento. Born in Nerima, Tokyo, Ueto was discovered when she participated in the 7th All-Japan National Young Beauty Contest, where she won the Judges' Special Choice Prize. She made her acting debut at the age of thirteen in the film Satsujinsha Killer of Paraiso and in 1999, she and fellow participants of the Young Beauty Contest Mami Nejiki, Mai Fujiya, and Manami Nishiwaki formed the unsuccessful girl group Z-1. In 2002, after their disbandment, Ueto continued her music career as a solo singer under the label Pony Canyon, where she debuted with the single "Pureness". Ueto's breakthrough came when she was cast as a girl suffering from gender identity disorder in the sixth series of the TBS drama 3 nen B gumi Kinpachi-sensei. Her critically-acclaimed performance led to several leading roles in dramas and TV endorsements, eventually establishing her as one of Japan's most recognizable faces. She has also ventured onto the big screen in famed film director Ryuhei Kitamura's 2003 blockbuster Azumi and its sequel, in 2005. As one of Japan's most ubiquitous celebrities, Ueto constantly appears on billboards, shop windows and train adverts.
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Bar Refaeli
Bar Refaeli (, born 4 June 1985) is an Israeli model and occasional actress, most known for her modelling work and for her relationship with American actor Leonardo DiCaprio. She was the cover model of the 2009 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue.
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Benjamin Rojas
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Benji Marshall
Benji Marshall (born 25 February 1985 in Whakatane, New Zealand) is a professional rugby league footballer with the Wests Tigers of the National Rugby League (NRL) competition. He primarily played at five-eighth before moving to halfback in 2009. He is the current captain of the New Zealand national team, with whom he won the 2008 World Cup. Marshall has spent his whole NRL career to date with the Tigers, with whom he won the 2005 Telstra Premiership.
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Bianca King
Bianca King (born Bianca Charlotte King on March 18, 1985 in Germany) is a Filipina actress. She was born to a German father Brian King and a Filipina mother Suzanne. Her best-known role to date was as Aviona in the 2004 series Mulawin.
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Big Joe Turner
Big Joe Turner (born Joseph Vernon Turner Jr., May 18, 1911 – November 24, 1985) was an American blues shouter from Kansas City, Missouri. According to the songwriter Doc Pomus, "Rock and roll would have never happened without him." Although he came to his greatest fame in the 1950s with his pioneering rock and roll recordings, particularly "Shake, Rattle and Roll", Turner's career as a performer stretched from the 1920s into the 1980s.
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Blake Ross
[[Image:Blake Ross WIRED cover.jpeg|frame|right|190px|Blake Ross became a celebrity in early 2005 as the press became interested in the personalities behind Firefox following the success of its 1.0 release. He was featured on the cover of the February Wired magazine as part of [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.02/firefox.html their lead story on Firefox's development].]]
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Bob Nieman
Robert Charles Nieman (January 26, 1927 - March 10, 1985) was a Major League Baseball outfielder and right-handed batter who played for the St. Louis Browns (1951-52), Detroit Tigers (1953-54), Chicago White Sox (1956), Baltimore Orioles (1956-59), St. Louis Cardinals (1960-61), Cleveland Indians (1961-62) and San Francisco Giants (1962). He also played one season in Japan for the Chunichi Dragons (1963).
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Brent Burns
William Brent Burns (born March 9, 1985) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing with the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL).
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Brixton
Brixton is a district in south London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is miles south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
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Bruno Mars
Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), better known by his stage name Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter and music producer. He is known for lending his vocals and co-writing the hooks for the songs "Nothin' on You" by B.o.B, and "Billionaire" by Travie McCoy, as well as his own international number-one single "Just the Way You Are". He also co-wrote the international hits "Right Round" by Flo Rida featuring Kesha, "Wavin' Flag" by K'naan, and "Fuck You!" by Cee Lo Green. On October 4, 2010, he released his debut album, Doo-Wops & Hooligans.
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Bug Hall
'''
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Burr Tillstrom
Franklin Burr Tillstrom (October 13, 1917 in Chicago, Illinois - December 6, 1985 in Palm Springs, California) was a puppeteer and the creator of Kukla, Fran and Ollie.
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Carey Mulligan
Carey Hannah Mulligan (born 28 May 1985) is an English actress. She made her acting debut as Kitty Bennet in Pride & Prejudice (2005). Following Pride & Prejudice, she had television roles in the BBC Charles Dickens adaptation Bleak House (2005) and the following year she appeared in The Amazing Mrs Pritchard. In 2007, she began with roles in the one-off television dramas My Boy Jack and Northanger Abbey. The same year, she made her Broadway debut in The Seagull to critical acclaim.
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Carl Schmitt
Carl Schmitt (July 11, 1888 – April 7, 1985) was a German jurist, Catholic philosopher, political theorist, and professor of law.
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Carmen Rasmusen
Carmen Rasmusen (born March 25, 1985 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian-American country music artist who ranked sixth on the second season of American Idol in 2003. Rasmusen also plays piano and guitar.
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Carol Wayne
Carol Wayne (September 6, 1942 – January 13, 1985) was an American television and film actress. She was best known for her many appearances on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson as the Matinée Lady.
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Casey Stoner
Casey Stoner (born 16 October 1985) is a professional motorcycle racer. Born and raised in Southport, Queensland, Stoner raced from a young age and moved to the United Kingdom to pursue a racing career. After first competing internationally in 2002, he won the title of 2007 MotoGP World Champion when he succeeded American Nicky Hayden. He currently competes in the MotoGP class for the Ducati Marlboro Team.
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Cathy Leung
Cathy Yu-Yan Leung is a female Cantopop Singer and Hostess.
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Chace Crawford
Christopher Chace Crawford (born July 18, 1985) is an American actor best known for his role as Nate Archibald in Gossip Girl on The CW.
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Charlie Simpson
Charles Robert "Charlie" Simpson (born 7 June 1985 in Woodbridge, Suffolk), is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He was the youngest member of BRIT Award-winning pop band Busted, and is now the lead vocalist, guitarist and co-songwriter in alternative rock band Fightstar. Along with co-founder Alex Westaway, Simpson pens the lyrics for the bands songs. The frontman is a multi-instrumentalist, competently playing guitar, keyboards, piano and drums. Simpson is currently in the studio writing and recording his debut solo album.
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Chelsea Hobbs
Chelsea Raelle Hobbs (born February 18, 1985) is a Canadian actress and singer. She has appeared in such roles as Gerda in the 2002 film Snow Queen and the ABC Family teen drama Make It or Break It as Emily Kmetko.
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Chester Gould
Chester Gould (November 20, 1900 – May 11, 1985) was an American cartoonist, best known as the creator of the Dick Tracy comic strip, which he wrote and drew from 1931 to 1977, incorporating numerous colorful and monstrous villains.
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Chic Murray
Charles "Chic" Murray (6 November 1919 - 29 January 1985) was a comedian and actor. He was born Charles Thomas McKinnon Murray in Greenock, Inverclyde, Scotland.
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Chris Paul
Christopher Emmanuel Paul (born May 6, 1985) is an American professional basketball point guard for the New Orleans Hornets.
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Christa McAuliffe
Christa McAuliffe (September 2, 1948 – January 28, 1986) was an American teacher from Concord, New Hampshire, and one of seven crew members killed in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.
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Christina Loukas
Christina Loukas (b. Riverwoods, Illinois, United States, December 19, 1985) is an American diver. She competes in the 3 m springboard event.
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Christine Nesbitt
Christine Nesbitt (born May 17, 1985, in Melbourne, Australia) is a Canadian long track speed skater who currently resides in Calgary, Alberta. Nesbitt won the Gold Medal in the 1000 m event at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics. She had previously won a silver medal in the team pursuit at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.
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Ciara
Ciara Princess Harris (born October 25, 1985), who performs under the mononym Ciara, is an American recording artist, dancer, actress, and fashion model. Born in Austin, Texas, she traveled around the world during her childhood, only to land in Atlanta, Georgia where she met music producer, Jazze Pha. With his help, she was signed to LaFace Records, and went on to become a successful artist, selling more than seven million albums worldwide and having numerous top ten hits.
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Clarence Nash
Clarence Charles "Ducky" Nash (7 December 1904 - 20 February 1985) was an American voice actor, best known for providing the voice of Donald Duck for the Walt Disney Studios. He was born in the rural community of Watonga, Oklahoma, and a street in that town is named in his honor.
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Clarence Wiseman
Clarence Dexter Wiseman, OC (June 19, 1907 – May 4, 1985) was the tenth General of The Salvation Army from 1974 to 1977.
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Clark Duke
Clark Duke (born May 5, 1985) is an American actor known for his roles in the films Kick-Ass, Sex Drive and Hot Tub Time Machine, as well as playing Dale Kettlewell in the TV series Greek.
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Claude Simon
Claude Simon (10 October 1913, — 6 July 2005) was a French novelist and the 1985 Nobel Laureate in Literature. He was born in Antananarivo, Madagascar, and died in Paris, France.
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Cody Rhodes
Cody Runnels (born June 30, 1985) is an American professional wrestler and actor, better known by his ring name Cody Rhodes. Runnels is currently signed by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where he wrestles on its SmackDown brand, where he is one-half of the reigning WWE Tag Team Champions with Drew McIntyre. He is a former three-time World Tag Team Champion, having won the championship once with Hardcore Holly and twice with Ted DiBiase, Jr.
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Colbie Caillat
Colbie Marie Caillat () (born May 28, 1985) is an American pop singer-songwriter and guitarist from Malibu, California. She debuted in 2007 with Coco, which included hit singles "Bubbly", "Realize", and "The Little Things". In 2008, she recorded a duet with Jason Mraz, "Lucky", which won a Grammy. Caillat released her second album, Breakthrough, in August 2009.
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Curtis Davies
Curtis Eugene Davies (born 15 March 1985 in London) is an English professional footballer who plays as a central defender. He currently plays for Aston Villa and has previously played for Luton Town, where he began his career, and West Bromwich Albion.
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D. Boon
D. Boon (born Dennes Dale Boon, April 1, 1958 – December 22, 1985) was an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. Active between 1978, when he joined The Reactionaries, and 1985, when he was killed in a van accident, Boon was best known as the guitarist and vocalist of the Californian punk rock trio Minutemen.
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Dani Pedrosa
Daniel "Dani" Pedrosa Ramal (born 29 September 1985 in Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer. Pedrosa grew up in a village near Sabadell called Castellar del Vallès. He is the youngest world champion in 250cc Grands Prix. Pedrosa is 1.58m (5 ft 2in) tall and weighs 51 kg (112.4 lbs).
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Danny Syvret
Danny Syvret (born June 13, 1985 in Millgrove, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who plays for the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL).
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Danny Vukovic
Danny Vukovic (born 27 March 1985 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia) is an Australian footballer who has recently signed a one year contract with the Wellington Phoenix, a New Zealand-based A League franchise.
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Darko Milicic
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Dave Franco
David John "Dave" Franco (born June 12, 1985) is an American television and film actor who played the role of Cole Aaronson for season nine of Scrubs.
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David Gallagher
David Lee Gallagher (born February 9, 1985) is an American film and TV actor. He is best known for the role of Simon Camden on the long running television series 7th Heaven and Mikey Ubriacco in the 1993 film ''Look Who's Talking Now. He is also famous for voicing Riku in the Kingdom Hearts'' video game series.
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David Lewis Rice
David Lewis Rice (born 1958) is a follower of the Christian Identity movement who, on Christmas Eve 1985, forced his way into the Seattle home of civil rights attorney Charles Goldmark with a toy pistol, tied the family up, chloroformed them into unconsciousness, split their heads open with a steam iron and "stirred" their brains with a knife. He could not split open Annie Goldmark's head, so he stabbed her in the chest, causing her to bleed to death. Rice, a member of the Duck Club, a right wing extremist organization, erroneously believed the family was Jewish and Communist, and saw the crime as part of a broader religious war between American Christianity and Soviet atheism. Goldmark and his family had been active in left wing politics in Washington for years, and his parents had won a highly publicized libel suit in 1964 as part of an effort to refute accusations of past membership in the Communist Party. When confessing to the crimes, Rice called Goldmark the "top Jew" and "top Communist" in the state.
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David Purley
David Charles Purley GM (26 January 1945 - 2 July 1985) was a British racing driver born in Bognor Regis, West Sussex England. He participated in 11 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 3 June 1973. He scored no championship points.
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Dawn Addams
Dawn Addams (21 September 1930 – 7 May 1985) was a British actress in motion pictures of the 1950s.
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Dean Shiels
Dean Shiels (born 1 February 1985) is a Northern Irish professional football player who plays for Doncaster Rovers in the Football League Championship. Shiels has represented Northern Ireland at full international level.
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Deborah Ann Woll
Deborah Ann Woll (born February 7, 1985) is an American actress best known for her role as Jessica Hamby on HBO's True Blood.
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Denise Robins
Denise Robins, née Denise Naomi Klein (b. 1 February 1897 in London, England - d. 1 May 1985 in England) was a prolific British romantic novelist and the first President of the Romantic Novelists' Association (1960–1966). She wrote under her first married name and under the pen-names: Denise Chesterton, Hervey Hamilton, Francesca Wright, Ashley French, Harriet Gray and Julia Kane, producing short stories, plays, and about 170 Gothic romance novels. Her books sold over one hundred million copies. In 1965, Robins published her autobiography, Stranger Than Fiction.
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Denny Morrison
Denny Morrison (born September 8, 1985 in Chetwynd, British Columbia) is a Canadian speedskater from Fort St. John, British Columbia. His best distance, so far in his career, is the 1500-m, where he held the world record time of 1:42.01 from 14 March 2008 to 6 March 2009. He won 4th places in the Junior World Allround Championships in 2004 and 2005, and a 5th place in
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Derek Hough
Derek Hough (; born May 17, 1985) is an American dancer, choreographer, musician and actor. A world champion in Latin American Dance, Hough has appeared since September 2007 (Seasons 5 though 11) on the hit U.S. television series Dancing with the Stars, where he is a two-time champion (with Nicole Scherzinger and Brooke Burke) and two-time semi-finalist (with Jennie Garth and Joanna Krupa). Hough has earned three Creative Arts Primetime Emmy nominations for Outstanding Choreography (2009 and 2010 ) for his work on the show. Prior to joining Dancing with the Stars, Hough starred as Ren in the 2006 original cast production of Footloose: The Musical at the Novelo Theatre in London's West End, as well as on the 2006 U.K. national tour. Hough's West End performance earned him a nomination as The STUART PHILLIPS London Newcomer of the Year in the Whatsonstage.com Theatregoers’ Choice Awards. Hough made his Broadway debut on January 8, 2010, starring with Kym Johnson and Mary Murphy in Burn the Floor for the final four performances of the show's Broadway run. A founding member of the Ballas Hough Band (formerly Almost Amy), Hough shares lead vocals, plays guitar and has several songwriting credits on the band's self-titled debut CD, released by Hollywood Records in March 2009.
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Diego Vera
Diego Daniel Vera Méndez (born January 5, 1985 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays for Nacional Montevideo.
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Dilshad Vadsaria
Dilshad Vadsaria (born September 15, 1985) is an American television actress. She currently plays the role of Rebecca Logan on the ABC television program Greek.
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Dion Phaneuf
Dion Phaneuf (born April 10, 1985) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and captain of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League. He was drafted ninth overall in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft by the Calgary Flames, and made his NHL debut in 2005 after a four year junior career with the Red Deer Rebels of the Western Hockey League in which he was twice named the Defenceman of the Year. He set a Flames record for most goals by a first-year defenceman and was named a finalist for the Calder Memorial Trophy as top rookie in 2005–06. Two years later, he was a finalist for the James Norris Memorial Trophy as top defenceman, though he did not win either award. Phaneuf is a two-time NHL All-Star. He has represented Canada internationally three times in his career, winning silver and gold medals at the World Junior Hockey Championship in 2004 and 2005 respectively, and a gold medal at the 2007 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships.
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Dolph Sweet
Dolph Sweet (July 18, 1920 - May 8, 1985) was an American actor, credited with nearly 60 television and film roles as well as several roles in stage productions before his death from cancer in 1985.
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Dominique Cornu
Dominique Cornu (born 10 October 1985 in Beveren) is a Belgian road and track cyclist from Flanders, currently riding for UCI Professional Continental team . He specializes in the time trial discipline. At the 2006 World Cycling Championship he was crowned U23 Time Trial World Champion. He had previously won the Belgian Time Trial Championship in 2003 and 2004, and in 2005 he became the Belgian U23 time trial Champion. Cornu is also an accomplished track cyclist, winning the Individual Pursuit at the 2006 Belgian Track Cycling Championships. In addition to Cornu's time trialing skills he is also a promising cobblestone rider, having won the U23 edition of the prestigious Omloop "Het Volk" cycling classic in 2006.
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Doutzen Kroes
Doutzen Kroes (pronounced ; born January 23, 1985), is a Dutch model and currently one of the Victoria's Secret Angels.
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Dulce María
Dulce María (born Dulce María Espinosa Saviñón, December 6, 1985) is a Mexican actress, singer, and songwriter. In October 2009 she announced she had signed a contract with Universal Music and will be recording a solo album, to be released in 2010.
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Dustin Milligan
Dustin Milligan (born July 28, 1985) is a Canadian film and television actor known for his role as Ethan Ward on 90210.
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Dwight Howard
Dwight David Howard (born December 8, 1985) is an American basketball player for the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Howard, who usually plays center but can also play power forward, had an outstanding high school career at Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy. He chose to forgo college and entered the 2004 NBA Draft, and was selected first overall by the Magic. A four-time All-Star, four-time All-NBA team selection, three-time All-Defensive member, and two-time Defensive Player of the Year, Howard has been ranked consistently as one of the best in the league in rebounds, blocks, field goal percentage and free throw attempts, and has set numerous franchise and league records. He has led the Magic to three division titles and one conference title, and he was the winner of the 2008 NBA Slam Dunk Contest. In the 2008 Olympics, he was the starting center for Team USA, which went on to win the gold medal.
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Dániel Tőzsér
Dániel Tőzsér (born 12 May 1985 in Szolnok) is a Hungarian footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Belgian side K.R.C. Genk. Tőzsér is left-footed and plays central, defensive or on the left side of midfield.
http://wn.com/Dániel_Tőzsér -
E. J. Viso
Ernesto José Viso Lossada (born March 19, 1985) is a Venezuelan race car driver. He is commonly referred to as Ernesto Viso or, since his move to American racing, E. J. Viso.
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E.B. White
http://wn.com/EB_White -
Eamon Sullivan
Eamon Wade Sullivan (born 30 August 1985 in Perth, Western Australia) is an Australian sprint swimmer. Sullivan was romantically linked with fellow Australian swimmer and individual world record holder Stephanie Rice, however they ended their two year relationship in July 2008, just prior to the Beijing Olympics. The couple lived in separate states of Australia, (Sullivan in WA and Rice in Queensland) and said the stress of living so far apart and the impending Olympics caused the split of Australia's "Glamour Couple" who once posed together in highly publicised underwear advertisements. Sullivan won the first series of Celebrity MasterChef Australia beating Kirk Pengilly and Rachael Finch.
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Eddie Shore
Edward William "Eddie" Shore (November 25, 1902 – March 16, 1985) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman in the National Hockey League, principally for the Boston Bruins, and the longtime owner of the Springfield Indians of the American Hockey League, iconic for his toughness and defensive skill.
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Edmond O'Brien
'''Edmond O'Brien' (September 10, 1915 – May 9, 1985) was an American film actor who is perhaps best remembered for his role in D.O.A. (1950). He also co-starred with Richard Rust in the NBC legal drama Sam Benedict'', which aired during the 1962-1963 television season.
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Edmund Entin
Edmund Entin (born 10 December 1985 in Miami, Florida) is an American Actor.
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Edwin Hodge
Edwin Hodge is an American actor. Hodge is the older brother of actor Aldis Hodge.
http://wn.com/Edwin_Hodge -
Efrem Zimbalist
Efrem Zimbalist, Sr. (9 April 1890 - February 22, 1985) was one of the world's most prominent concert violinists, as well as a composer, teacher, conductor and a long-time director of the Curtis Institute of Music.
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Ehra Madrigal
Geralyn Gaspar Madrigal, who is better known by her screen name Ehra Madrigal (born June 25, 1985 in Quezon City, Philippines) is a Filipina actress.
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Elizabeth Rice
Elizabeth Ellen Rice (b. November 5, 1985 in Pine Bluff, Jefferson County, Arkansas) is an American actress.
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Emerson Spencer
Emerson Lane "Bud" Spencer (October 10, 1906 – May 15, 1985) was an American athlete, winner of gold medal in 4x400 m relay at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
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Emi Suzuki
Emi Suzuki (鈴木 えみ) (born September 13, 1985) is a Japanese fashion model and occasional actress. Widely known by her nickname Emichee, she has often been described as a "charismatic model" and is particularly popular among gyaru teenagers in Japan.
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Emil Hegle Svendsen
MedalGold| 2008 Östersund |
http://wn.com/Emil_Hegle_Svendsen -
Emile Hirsch
Emile Davenport Hirsch (born March 13, 1985) is an American television and film actor. He began performing in the late 1990s, appearing in several television films and series, and became known as a film actor after roles in Lords of Dogtown, ''The Emperor's Club, The Girl Next Door, Alpha Dog, and Into the Wild. In 2008, Hirsch starred in Speed Racer and Milk''. He recently participated in Summit on the Summit, an expedition to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro to raise awareness of the need for clean water in the world.
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Enrique Camarena
Enrique "Kike" Camarena Salazar (July 26, 1947 - c. February 9, 1985) was an undercover agent for the United States Drug Enforcement Administration who was abducted on 7 February 1985, and then tortured and murdered, while on assignment in Mexico.
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Enver Hoxha
(pronounced , 16 October 1908 11 April 1985) was the leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. He also served as Prime Minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954, Minister of Defense from 1944 to 1953, Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1946 to 1953, Chairman of the Democratic Front from 1945 to his death, and as Commander-in-Chief of the Albanian armed forces from 1944 to his death.
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Eric Adjetey Anang
Eric Adjetey Anang (born 1985) is a Ghanaian sculptor born in Teshie, Ghana, where he still lives and works.
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Ernst Öpik
Ernst Julius Öpik (23 October 1893 – 10 September 1985) was a notable Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist, who spent the second half of his career (1948–1981) at the Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland.
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Errol Christie
Errol Christie (born 29 June 1963) is a former professional British boxer and currently a boxing trainer. He was the captain of the English boxing team from 1980 to 1983 and European champion in 1983.
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Eugene Ormandy
Eugene Ormandy (November 18, 1899–March 12, 1985) was a Hungarian-born conductor and violinist.
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Eva Amurri
Eva Maria Livia Amurri (born March 15, 1985) is an American actress.
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Eva Angelina
Eva Angelina (born on March 14, 1985) is an American pornographic actress and adult model. She began her career at 18 and has won several industry awards, including the 2008 AVN Award for Best Actress (Video).
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Evan Longoria
Evan Michael Longoria (born October 7, 1985, in Downey, California) is a Mexican-American Major League Baseball third baseman for the Tampa Bay Rays. His backround is hispanic and his parents came from Colombia. Formerly, Longoria was a star infielder for the Long Beach State college baseball team, the Cape Cod League MVP, and the Big West Co-Player of the Year.
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Evan Lysacek
Evan Frank Lysacek (; born June 4, 1985) is an American figure skater. He is the 2010 Olympic champion, the 2009 World champion, the 2005 & 2007 Four Continents champion, the 2007 & 2008 U.S. national champion, and the 2009/2010 Grand Prix Final champion.
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Evelyn Ankers
Evelyn Ankers (17 August 1918 – 29 August 1985) was a British actress born in Chile. She often played variations on the role of the cultured young leading lady in many American horror films during the 1940s, most notably The Wolf Man (1941) at age 23 opposite Lon Chaney, Jr., a frequent screen partner. Known as "the Queen of the Screamers", her other films include The Ghost of Frankenstein (1942), Captive Wild Woman (1943), Son of Dracula (1943), The Mad Ghoul (1943), Jungle Woman (1944), Weird Woman (1944), ''The Invisible Man's Revenge (1944), and The Frozen Ghost'' (1945).
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FeFe Dobson
http://wn.com/FeFe_Dobson -
Fernand Braudel
Fernand Braudel (August 24, 1902 – November 27, 1985) was a French historian and a leader of the Annales School. His scholarship focused on three main projects, each representing several decades of intense study: The Mediterranean (1923–49, then 1949–66), Civilization and Capitalism (1955–79), and the unfinished Identity of France (1970–85). His reputation stems in part from his writings, but even more from his success in making the Annales School the most important engine of historical research in France and much of the world after 1950. As the dominant leader of the Annales School of historiography in the 1950s and 1960s, he exerted enormous influence on historical writing in France and other countries.
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Fernando Rees
Fernando Rees (born: January 4, 1985 in São Paulo, Brazil) is a Brazilian racecar driver. He started his career in motor racing back in 1993 at age 8, and has recently competed in the most celebrated international championships. Rees currently has over 15 years of racing experience and is a quick driver capable of competing well in today's advanced race cars.
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Floyd Crosby
Floyd Delafield Crosby, A.S.C. (December 12, 1899 – September 30, 1985) was an American cinematographer.
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Fontel Mines
Fontel Mines (born February 26, 1985 in ) is an American Football tight end who is currently a free agent. He was signed by the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played college football at Virginia.
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Forbes Burnham
Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham (20 February 1923–6 August 1985) was the leader of Guyana from 1964 until his death, as the Prime Minister from 1964 to 1980 and as President from 1980 to 1985.
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Franco Modigliani
Franco Modigliani (June 18, 1918 – September 25, 2003) was an Italian American economist at the MIT Sloan School of Management and MIT Department of Economics, and winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 1985.
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Frank Faylen
Frank Faylen (December 8, 1905 – August 2, 1985) was an American movie and television actor.
http://wn.com/Frank_Faylen -
Gary Entin
Gary Entin (born 10 December 1985 in Miami, Florida) is an American Actor.
http://wn.com/Gary_Entin -
George Chandler
: For other individuals with a similar name, please see George Chandler (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/George_Chandler -
George H.W. Bush
http://wn.com/George_HW_Bush -
George K. Arthur
George K. Arthur (27 January 1899 – 30 May 1985) was an English actor and producer. He appeared in 59 films between 1919 and 1935. He won an Academy Award for Best Short Film in 1956 for the film The Bespoke Overcoat.
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George Savalas
George Demosthenes Savalas () (December 5, 1924 - October 2, 1985) was an American actor.
http://wn.com/George_Savalas -
Georgia Hale
Georgia Hale (June 24, 1905 – June 7, 1985) was an actress of the silent movie era.
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Giancarlo Siani
Giancarlo Siani (Naples, September 19, 1959, - Naples, September 23, 1985) was an Italian crime reporter from Naples, who was killed by the Camorra, the Neapolitan crime organization.
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Gillian Zinser
Gillian Amalia Zinser is an American actress, known for her appearances as Ivy Sullivan in 90210.
http://wn.com/Gillian_Zinser -
Giovonnie Samuels
Giovonnie Lavette Samuels (born November 10, 1985) is an American actress.
http://wn.com/Giovonnie_Samuels -
Gordon Rollings
Gordon Charles Rollings (17 April 1926 – 7 June 1985) was a British actor who mainly appeared on television, but also appeared on-stage and in feature films. He was born in Batley, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England and started his career in radio in Israel. He later trained as a clown in Paris, appearing in the Medrano Circus.
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Grant Williams
Grant Williams (August 18, 1931 - July 25, 1985) was an American film actor and operatic tenor. He is best remembered for his portrayal of Scott Carey in the seminal science fiction film The Incredible Shrinking Man (1957). The film has become a cult classic.
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Guillermo Ochoa
Francisco Guillermo Ochoa Magaña (born July 13, 1985 in Guadalajara, Jalisco), is a Mexican footballer who currently plays as a goalkeeper for Club América and the Mexico national football team.
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Hameur Bouazza
Hameur Bouazza () (born 22 February 1985) is a French-born Algerian footballer who is currently playing for Arles-Avignon in the French Ligue 1. He usually plays as a left winger, but can also play on the right.
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Harold Kroto
http://wn.com/Harold_Kroto -
Harry Hopman
Henry ("Harry") Christian Hopman, CBE (12 August 1906 – 27 December 1985) was a world-acclaimed tennis player and coach, born in Glebe, Sydney, New South Wales and soon moving to Parramatta, a city adjoining Sydney, Australia and now effectively a suburb of the metropolis.
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Harry Judd
Harry Mark Christopher Judd (born 23 December 1985 in Essex, England) is an English musician who is best known as the drummer for British pop rock band McFly, along with fellow band members Tom Fletcher, Dougie Poynter and Danny Jones. McFly rose to fame after fellow boyband Busted helped launch them by inviting them on tour in March 2004. Judd has co-written several of McFly's songs, and plays the trumpet and piano as well as drums.
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Haruka Ayase
, born in Hiroshima Prefecture, on March 24, 1985, is a Japanese actress.
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Hayley Peirsol
Swimmer
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Heather Hogan
Heather Hogan (born October 10, 1985) is an American voice actress best known for the second voice of Ducky in ', ' and . She took this role after the death of Judith Barsi and did the voice of baby Nala in the Lion King merchandise.
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Heather O'Reilly
Football biography 2
http://wn.com/Heather_O'Reilly -
Hedley Bull
Hedley Bull, FBA (born Sydney, Australia, 10 June,1932 – died, Oxford, England, 18 May 1985) was Professor of International Relations at the Australian National University, the London School of Economics and the University of Oxford until his death from cancer in 1985. He was Montague Burton Professor of International Relations at Oxford from 1977 to 1985.
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Heinrich Böll
Heinrich Theodor Böll (December 21, 1917 July 16, 1985) was one of Germany's foremost post-World War II writers. Böll was awarded the Georg Büchner Prize in 1967 and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1972.
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Helene Engelmann
Helene Engelmann (later Jaroschka, February 9, 1898 in Vienna, Austria – August 1, 1985 in Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian figure skater.
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Helmut Kohl
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; born 3 April 1930) is a German conservative politician and statesman. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 (of West Germany between 1982 and 1990 and of a reunited Germany between 1990 and 1998) and the chairman of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to 1998. His 16-year tenure was the longest of any German chancellor since Otto von Bismarck and oversaw the end of the Cold War and the German reunification. Kohl is widely regarded as one of the main architects of the German reunification and, together with French President François Mitterrand, the Maastricht Treaty, which created the European Union.
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Henry Hathaway
Henry Hathaway (March 13, 1898 – February 11, 1985) was an American film director and producer. He is best known as a director of Westerns, especially starring John Wayne.
http://wn.com/Henry_Hathaway -
Henry Sy
Henry Sy(; born October 25, 1924) is a Chinese Filipino businessman and the founder of SM Group and chairman of SM Prime Holdings, the largest retailer and shopping mall operator in the Philippines. He earned his Associate of Arts degree in Commercial Studies at Far Eastern University in 1950. Acknowledged as the country’s "Retail King," he has come a long way from the modest shoe store he set up in Quiapo in 1946, to become Asia's biggest shopping mall operator with over 30 malls throughout the Philippines.
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Herbert A. Hauptman
Herbert Aaron Hauptman (born February 14, 1917) is an American mathematician and Nobel laureate. He pioneered and developed a mathematical method that has changed the whole field of chemistry and opened a new era in research in determination of molecular structures of crystallized materials. Today, Hauptman's direct methods, which he has continued to improve and refine, are routinely used to solve complicated structures. It was the application of this mathematical method to a wide variety of chemical structures that led the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to name Hauptman and Jerome Karle recipients of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
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Hua Luogeng
Hua Luogeng (; 12 November 1910 – 12 June 1985) was a Chinese mathematician born in Jintan, Jiangsu. He was the founder and pioneer in many fields in mathematical research. He wrote more than 200 papers and monographs, many of which became classics. Since his sudden death while delivering a lecture at the University of Tokyo, Japan, many mathematics secondary education programs have been named after him. His book on additive prime number theory influenced many subsequent number theorists in China, including the renowned Chen Jingrun who obtained the best result so far towards the binary Goldbach conjecture. Hua also made contributions to the development of college education in China. He was the first Chair of the Department of Mathematics and Vice President of University of Science & Technology of China (USTC), a new type of Chinese university established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1958, which was aimed at fostering skilled researchers necessary for the economic development, defense and education in science and technology.
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Ina Claire
Ina Claire (October 15, 1893February 21, 1985) was an American stage and film actress.
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Iosif Shklovsky
Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Ио́сиф Самуи́лович Шкло́вский; sometimes transliterated Josif, Josif, Shklovskii, Shklovskij) (Hlukhiv, Ukraine, July 1, 1916 – Moscow, March 3, 1985) was a Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist. He is remembered for work in theoretical astrophysics and other topics.
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Isabel J. Cox
http://wn.com/Isabel_J_Cox -
Isabel Lucas
Isabel Lucas (born 29 January 1985) is an Australian actress perhaps best known for her role as Tasha Andrews on the Australian television soap opera Home and Away (2003–2006). Lucas moved to Los Angeles in early 2008 and has since been featured in film and television projects including , The Pacific and Daybreakers.
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Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) () was an Italian journalist and writer of short stories and novels. His best known works include the Our Ancestors trilogy (1952–1959), the Cosmicomics collection of short stories (1965), and the novels Invisible Cities (1972) and ''If on a winter's night a traveler'' (1979).
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J. Fred Coots
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J. Pat O'Malley
'''James Patrick O'Malley (March 15, 1904 - February 27, 1985) was an English singer and character actor, who appeared in many American films and television programs during the 1940s–1970s, using the stage name J. Pat O'Malley'. He also appeared on the Broadway stage in Ten Little Indians (1944) and Dial M for Murder. A New York Times'' drama critic praised O'Malley's performance in Ten Little Indians, calling him "a rara avis, a comedian who does not gauge the success of his efforts by the number of laughs he induces at each performance".
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Jack Medica
Jack Chapman Medica (October 5, 1914 – April 15, 1985) was an American swimmer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
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Jack Osbourne
Jack Joseph Osbourne (born 8 November 1985) is an English media personality, best known as the son of musician Ozzy Osbourne and music manager Sharon Osbourne, and brother of Aimee and Kelly Osbourne.
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Jake Cole
Jake S. Cole (born 11 September 1985) is an English footballer who plays for Barnet as a goalkeeper.
http://wn.com/Jake_Cole -
James Craig (actor)
James Craig (February 4, 1912 – June 28, 1985) was an American actor.
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James Lafferty
James Martin Lafferty (born July 25, 1985) is an American actor. He currently stars as Nathan Scott on The CW prime time series One Tree Hill.
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Janusz A. Zajdel
http://wn.com/Janusz_A_Zajdel -
Jean Dubuffet
Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet (July 31, 1901 - May 12, 1985) was a French painter and sculptor. His idealistic approach to aesthetics embraced so called "low art" and eschewed traditional standards of beauty in favor of what he believed to be a more authentic and humanistic approach to image-making.
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Jeanine Deckers
http://wn.com/Jeanine_Deckers -
Jeffrey Licon
'''Jeffrey 'Jeff' Licon' (born August 29, 1985, in Los Angeles, California) is an American actor most notable for his role as Carlos Garcia on the Nickelodeon show, The Brothers Garcia''.
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Jelena Janković
Jelena Janković (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић) ; born February 28, 1985 in Belgrade) is a former World No. 1 Serbian professional tennis player. She was runner up at the 2008 US Open and currently ranked World No. 7.
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Jeremy Davis
Jeremy Clayton Davis (born February 8, 1985) is an American bassist, and the oldest member of the alternative rock band Paramore.
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Jerome Karle
Jerome Karle, born Jerome Karfunkel (born June 18, 1918) is an American Jewish physical chemist. Jointly with Herbert A. Hauptman, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985, for the direct analysis of crystal structures using X-ray scattering techniques.
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Jesse Hibbs
Jesse John Hibbs (January 11, 1906 - February 4, 1985) was an American film and television director and assistant director. He was previously an All-American offensive tackle for the University of Southern California football team in 1927 and 1928.
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Jessica Lucas
Jessica Lucas (born September 24, 1985) is a Canadian actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles in Melrose Place and Cloverfield.
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Jessica Marais
Jessica Dominique Marais (born 29 January 1985, South Africa) is an Australian actress who hails from Perth, Western Australia. She is best known for her role as Rachel Rafter in the television series Packed to the Rafters.
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Jessica Szohr
Jessica Karen Szohr (pronounced Soar; born March 31, 1985) is an American actress. Szohr began her screen career starring on television shows such as and What About Brian. In 2007, she earned her breakthrough role as Vanessa Abrams on The CW series Gossip Girl.
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Jetta Goudal
Jetta Goudal (July 12, 1891 – January 14, 1985) was a Dutch-born American actress, successful in Hollywood films of the silent film era.
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Jimmy Kinnon
James Patrick Kinnon (5 April 1911 - 9 July 1985, commonly known as Jimmy Kinnon or "Jimmy K.") was the Co/founder of Narcotics Anonymous (NA), an international association of recovering addicts. During his lifetime, he was usually referred to as "Jimmy K." due to NA's principle of personal anonymity on the public level. He never referred to himself as the founder of NA, although the record clearly shows that he played a founding role.
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Jo-Wilfried Tsonga
Jo-Wilfried Tsonga (born ) is a French professional tennis player.
http://wn.com/Jo-Wilfried_Tsonga -
Joakim Noah
Joakim Simon Noah (; born February 25, 1985) is a French/Swedish-American
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Joe Flacco
Joseph Vincent Flacco (born January 16, 1985 in ) is the starting quarterback for the Baltimore Ravens. He played college football for the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Delaware. He was the first-round draft pick by the Ravens, 18th overall in the 2008 NFL Draft.
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Johannes Heesters
Johan Marius Nicolaas "Johannes" Heesters (born December 5, 1903) is a Dutch actor, singer and entertainer with an -year career, almost exclusively in the German-speaking world.
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John Anthony Walker
John Anthony Walker, Jr. (b. 28 July 1937, Washington D.C.) is a retired United States Navy Chief Warrant Officer and communications specialist convicted of spying for the Soviet Union from 1968 to 1985, at the height of the Cold War (1945–91). In late 1985, Walker pleaded guilty in a plea arrangement, whereby he testified against conspirator Jerry Whitworth, gave details of his espionage, and negotiated lenient punishment for his son, Michael Walker. During his time as a Soviet spy, CWO Walker helped the Soviets decipher more than a million encrypted naval messages,
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John David Booty
John David Booty (born January 3, 1985, in ) is an American football quarterback in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the fifth round of the 2008 NFL Draft. He also played for the Houston Texans until being cut on September 4th, 2010. He played college football at USC.
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John Davis Lodge
John Davis Lodge (October 20, 1903 – October 29, 1985), United States Republican politician, was the 64th Governor of Connecticut from 1951 to 1955. He was also an actor and U.S. Ambassador to Spain, Argentina and Switzerland.
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John Francis Daley
John Francis Daley (born July 20, 1985) is an American television and film actor, singer, and director. He plays Lance Sweets on the series Bones and played Sam Weir on the NBC comedy-drama Freaks and Geeks. He plays keyboards and vocals for the band Dayplayer.
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John Franklin Enders
John Franklin Enders (February 10, 1897 – September 8, 1985) was an American medical scientist and Nobel laureate. Enders had been called "The Father of Modern Vaccines."
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John Gotti
John Joseph Gotti, Jr (October 27, 1940 - June 10, 2002) was the Boss of the New York City Gambino crime family after the murder of the previous boss Paul Castellano. John Gotti was the most powerful crime boss during his era. He became widely known for his outspoken personality and flamboyant style that eventually caused his downfall.
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John Hendricks
John Hendricks (March 29, 1952) is the founder and chairman of Discovery Communications, a broadcasting and film production company which owns the Discovery Channel, TLC and Animal Planet cable networks, among other ventures.
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John Scarne
John Scarne (March 4, 1903 - July 7, 1985) was an American stage magician particularly adept at playing card manipulation. He became known as an expert on cards and other games, and authored a number of popular books on cards, gambling, and related topics.
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John W. Snyder
John Wesley Snyder (June 21, 1895 – October 8, 1985) was an American businessman and Cabinet Secretary.
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Johnny Olson
John Leonard "Johnny" Olson (May 22, 1910 – October 12, 1985) was an American radio personality and television announcer. His work spanned 32 game shows produced by Mark Goodson and Bill Todman from the late 1950s through the mid 1980s. He was also the announcer of The Jackie Gleason Show from 1962 to 1970.
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Joji Kato
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Joji_Kato -
Jon Walker
Jonathan Jacob Walker (born September 17th, 1985 in Hanover Park, Illinois) is an American rock musician and former bassist of Panic! at the Disco. Walker is now the lead guitarist and occasional lead vocalist of the The Young Veins along with former Panic! member, Ryan Ross.
http://wn.com/Jon_Walker -
Jonathan Groff
Jonathan Drew Groff (born March 26, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter, stage, television and film actor. He is best known for the roles of Melchior Gabor in Spring Awakening and Jesse St. James in the musical television series Glee.
http://wn.com/Jonathan_Groff -
Jonathan Horton
Jonathan Alan Horton (born December 31, 1985 in Houston, Texas) is an American gymnast.
http://wn.com/Jonathan_Horton -
Joseph L. Goldstein
Joseph L. Goldstein (born April 18, 1940) from Kingstree, South Carolina is a Nobel Prize winning biochemist and geneticist, and a pioneer in the study of cholesterol metabolism.
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Julie Vega
Julie Pearl Apostol Postigo, better known as Julie Vega (May 21, 1968 – May 6, 1985), was a Filipina child actress and singer. She remains very popular and very well-loved in the Philippines, years after her sudden death at the age of 16 triggered a massive outpouring of nationwide grief that is still vividly remembered by Filipino showbiz fans. She won two FAMAS Awards for Best Child Actress during her brief showbiz career.
http://wn.com/Julie_Vega -
Kalan Porter
Richard Kalan Porter (born November 11, 1985) is a singer-songwriter from Medicine Hat, Alberta, and the winner of the reality television series Canadian Idol in season 2. He started to sing at an early age and is classically trained, playing several instruments, most notably, the violin and viola. He writes and arranges violin solos for many of his songs.
http://wn.com/Kalan_Porter -
Kaley Cuoco
Kaley Christine Cuoco ( ; born November 30, 1985) is an American film and television actress. She is best known for her roles as Bridget Hennessy on the sitcom 8 Simple Rules, Billie Jenkins on the supernatural drama Charmed, and Penny on the sitcom The Big Bang Theory.
http://wn.com/Kaley_Cuoco -
Kamatari Fujiwara
Kamatari Fujiwara (藤原釜足 Fujiwara Kamatari, January 15, 1905 - December 21, 1985) was a Japanese actor.
http://wn.com/Kamatari_Fujiwara -
Kang-In
http://wn.com/Kang-In -
Karen Ann Quinlan
Karen Ann Quinlan (March 29, 1954 – June 11, 1985) was an important person in the history of the right to die controversy in the United States.
http://wn.com/Karen_Ann_Quinlan -
Karima Adebibe
Karima Adebibe (born 14 February 1985) is an English-Moroccan actress and model.
http://wn.com/Karima_Adebibe -
Kate DeAraugo
Katherine Jenna "Kate" DeAraugo, pronounced de roosh (born 5 November 1985), is an Australian singer-songwriter who was the third winner of Australian Idol in 2005. After idol, DeAraugo signed to Sony BMG and released her debut single, "Maybe Tonight", in November 2005. The single debuted and peaked at Number 1 on the ARIA Charts and was certified platinum. Her debut album, ''A Place I've Never Been'', was released in December 2005 and was also certified platinum. DeAraugo later became a member of the multi-platinum selling girl group, Young Divas, which disbanded in 2008.
http://wn.com/Kate_DeAraugo -
Kay Kyser
James Kern (“Kay”) Kyser (June 18, 1905 – July 23, 1985) was a popular bandleader and radio personality of the 1930s and 1940s.
http://wn.com/Kay_Kyser -
Kayla Ewell
Kayla Noelle Ewell (born August 27, 1985) is an American actress known for her roles on television as Caitlin Ramirez on CBS's long-running soap opera, The Bold and the Beautiful, as Maureen Sampson on NBC's acclaimed Freaks and Geeks, and as Vicki Donovan on The CW's The Vampire Diaries.
http://wn.com/Kayla_Ewell -
Keira Knightley
Keira Christina Knightley (; born 26 March 1985) is an English film actress. She began her career as a child and came to international prominence in 2003 after co-starring in the films Bend It Like Beckham and .
http://wn.com/Keira_Knightley -
Kendra Wilkinson
Kendra Leigh Baskett (born June 12, 1985), also known professionally by her birth name of Kendra Wilkinson, is an American television personality and glamour model. She is well known for her role on the E! reality-television show The Girls Next Door, on which her life as one of Hugh Hefner's three girlfriends was documented. Although not a Playboy Playmate, she has appeared in three nude pictorials with her Girls Next Door costars and fellow Hefner girlfriends Holly Madison and Bridget Marquardt. Her own reality series, Kendra, debuted in June 2009.
http://wn.com/Kendra_Wilkinson -
Kent Smith
Kent Smith (March 19, 1907 – April 23, 1985) was an American actor who had a lengthy career in film, theater, and television.
http://wn.com/Kent_Smith -
Kimberley Nixon
Kimberley Nixon (born 24 September 1985) is an English-born Welsh actress.
http://wn.com/Kimberley_Nixon -
Klaus von Klitzing
Klaus von Klitzing (28 June 1943 in Schroda) is a known for discovery of the integer quantum Hall Effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics.
http://wn.com/Klaus_von_Klitzing -
Konstantin Chernenko
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko (; 24 September 1911 – 10 March 1985) was a Soviet politician and the fifth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He led the Soviet Union from 13 February 1984 until his death thirteen months later, on 10 March 1985. Chernenko was also Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 11 April 1984 until his death.
http://wn.com/Konstantin_Chernenko -
Kouzou Sasaki
Kouzou Sasaki (佐々木 更三 Sasaki Kouzou) was a Japanese politician and chairman of the Japan Socialist Party from 1965 to 1967.
http://wn.com/Kouzou_Sasaki -
Kyle Busch
Kyle Thomas Busch (born May 2, 1985), is an American NASCAR driver and team owner. He currently drives the #18 Mars / Interstate Batteries Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing in the Sprint Cup Series, the #18 Z-Line Designs / NOS Energy Drink Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs in the Nationwide Series, and the #18 Toyota Tundra for his own team, Kyle Busch Motorsports, in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.
http://wn.com/Kyle_Busch -
Kyu Sakamoto
was a Japanese singer and actor.
http://wn.com/Kyu_Sakamoto -
Lassana Diarra
Lassana Diarra (born 10 March 1985 in Paris, France) is a French footballer who currently plays for La Liga club Real Madrid. His predominant position is defensive midfielder but he can also play in a more advanced role and has played at right back, which he did for both his other former clubs Chelsea and for the national team.
http://wn.com/Lassana_Diarra -
Laszlo Biro
http://wn.com/Laszlo_Biro -
Laura Ashley
Laura Ashley , (7 September 1925 – 17 September 1985) was a Welsh designer. She became a household name on the strength of her work as a designer and manufacturer of a range of colourful fabrics for clothes and home furnishings.
http://wn.com/Laura_Ashley -
Laurence Maroney
Laurence Maroney (born February 5, 1985 in ) is an American football running back for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League. He was drafted by the New England Patriots 21st overall in the 2006 NFL Draft. He played college football at Minnesota.
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Leatrice Joy
Leatrice Joy (November 7, 1893 – May 13, 1985) was an American actress most prolific during the early silent film era.
http://wn.com/Leatrice_Joy -
Lee Boyd Malvo
Lee Boyd Malvo (also known as John Lee Malvo ) (born February 18, 1985), is a serial killer convicted, along with John Allen Muhammad, of mass murder in connection with the Beltway sniper attacks, which took place in the Washington Metropolitan Area over a three-week period in October 2002. According to his own confession they had planned to kill six people a day for a month in order "to terrorize the nation". The beltway attacks turned out to be only the last of a series of shootings across the United States which began on the West Coast. Muhammad had befriended the juvenile Malvo, and had enlisted him in the murderous rampage under some false pretenses and influences which are still not fully understood by authorities. According to Craig Cooley, one of Malvo's defense attorneys, Malvo believed Muhammad when he told him that the $10 million ransom sought from the US government to stop the sniper killings would be used to establish a Utopian society for 140 black homeless children on a Canadian compound.
http://wn.com/Lee_Boyd_Malvo -
Leisel Jones
Swimmer|
http://wn.com/Leisel_Jones -
Lenora Crichlow
Lenora Isabella Crichlow (born 4 January 1985, Westminster, London), is a British actress of Trinidadian and English descent.
http://wn.com/Lenora_Crichlow -
Leon Klinghoffer
Leon Klinghoffer (September 24, 1916 – October 8, 1985) was a disabled American appliance manufacturer who was murdered and thrown overboard by Palestinian terrorists in the hijacking of the cruise ship Achille Lauro in 1985.
http://wn.com/Leon_Klinghoffer -
Leona Lewis
Leona Louise Lewis (born 3 April 1985) is a British pop and R&B; singer–songwriter. Lewis rose to fame during the third series of the British television series The X Factor, which she went on to win.
http://wn.com/Leona_Lewis -
Lewis Hamilton
Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton MBE (born 7 January 1985 in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, England) is a British Formula One racing driver, currently racing for the McLaren team, and is the youngest ever Formula One World Champion.
http://wn.com/Lewis_Hamilton -
Lily Allen
Lily Rose Beatrice Allen (born 2 May 1985) is an English recording artist, talk show host, and actress. She is the daughter of actor and musician Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen. In her teenage years, her musical tastes evolved from glam rock to alternative. A year later, Allen abandoned school and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills. Afterwards, she created several demo songs, and near the end of 2005, she created a profile on MySpace, where she made some of her recordings public.
http://wn.com/Lily_Allen -
Lina Esco
Lina Esco (born May 14, 1985) is an American actress, producer and activist. She gained recognition in 2007 for portraying Jimmy Smits daughter in the CBS drama show "Cane", about a powerful and wealthy Cuban-American family running an successful rum and sugar cane business in South Florida.
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Linas Kleiza
Linas Kleiza (pronounced ; born January 3, 1985) is a Lithuanian professional basketball player. He is also a member of the Lithuanian national team. He can play either forward position. He was recently signed by the Toronto Raptors. The deal is believed to be a $18.8 million front-loaded contract over four years.
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Lindsey Kildow
http://wn.com/Lindsey_Kildow -
Liu Chunhong
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Liu_Chunhong -
Lolene
Lolene Everett (born March 12, 1985), also known simply as Lolene, is a British recording artist, songwriter, record producer and performer from Bristol, England.
http://wn.com/Lolene -
Lon Nol
Lon Nol (; November 13, 1913 – November 17, 1985) was a Cambodian politician and soldier who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia twice, as well as serving repeatedly as Defense Minister. He led a military coup against Prince Norodom Sihanouk and became self-proclaimed President of the newly-created Khmer Republic.
http://wn.com/Lon_Nol -
Lopez Lomong
Lopez Lomong (born Lopepe Lomong) is a Sudanese-born American track and field athlete. Lomong, one of the Lost Boys of Sudan, came to the United States at the age of 16 and became a U.S. citizen in 2007. His real birthdate is January 5, 1985, but like all Lost Boys who came to the United States without paperwork, his official birthday is listed as January 1.
http://wn.com/Lopez_Lomong -
Louis Hayward
Louis Charles Hayward (19 March 1909 – 21 February 1985) was a British actor born in South Africa.
http://wn.com/Louis_Hayward -
Louise Brooks
Mary Louise Brooks (November 14, 1906 – August 8, 1985), generally known by her stage name Louise Brooks, was an American dancer, model, showgirl and silent film actress, noted for popularizing the bobbed haircut. Brooks is best known for her three feature roles including two G. W. Pabst films: in ''Pandora's Box (1929), Diary of a Lost Girl (1929), and Prix de Beauté (Miss Europe) (1930). She starred in 17 silent films and, late in life, authored a memoir, Lulu in Hollywood''.
http://wn.com/Louise_Brooks -
Luke Mitchell
Luke Mitchell may refer to:
http://wn.com/Luke_Mitchell -
László Cseh
László Cseh (born 3 December 1985 in Halásztelek, Hungary), is a four-time Olympic medalist Hungarian swimmer.
http://wn.com/László_Cseh -
Ma Jir Bo
http://wn.com/Ma_Jir_Bo -
Magda Apanowicz
Magda Apanowicz (born November 8, 1985) is a Canadian actress, known for her roles as Andy Jensen on the TV series Kyle XY and Lacy Rand on Caprica.
http://wn.com/Magda_Apanowicz -
Magdolna Rúzsa
Magdolna Rúzsa (Serbian: Магдолна Ружа, Magdolna Ruža) or simply Magdi Rúzsa (born 28 November 1985 in Titov Vrbas, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of Megasztár ("Megastar"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, closely linked to Pop Idol. As the winner of the category "Newcomer of the Year" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song "Unsubstantial Blues". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.
http://wn.com/Magdolna_Rúzsa -
Mamoru Mohri
Mamoru "Mark" Mohri (毛利衛 Mōri Mamoru, born 29 January 1948 is a Japanese scientist, a former NASDA astronaut, and a veteran of two NASA space shuttle missions.
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Manfred Winkelhock
Manfred Winkelhock (6 October 1951 - 12 August 1985) was a German racing driver. Born in Waiblingen, he was the brother of Joachim Winkelhock and father of Markus Winkelhock, also both racing drivers.
http://wn.com/Manfred_Winkelhock -
Marc Chagall
Marc Chagall (, respell|shə-; ; ; 7 July 1887 – 28 March 1985), was a Russian–French artist, associated with several key art movements and was one of the most successful artists of the 20th century. He created a unique career in virtually every artistic medium, including paintings, book illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramics, tapestries and fine art prints. Chagall's haunting, exuberant, and poetic images have enjoyed universal appeal, with art critic Robert Hughes referring to him as "the quintessential Jewish artist of the twentieth century."
http://wn.com/Marc_Chagall -
Marc-Antoine Pouliot
http://wn.com/Marc-Antoine_Pouliot -
Marcos Baghdatis
Marcos Baghdatis (, ) (born 17 June 1985 in Limassol) is a Greek Cypriot professional tennis player. He was the runner-up at the 2006 Australian Open and a semifinalist at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships and reached a career-high ATP ranking of 8 in August 2006.
http://wn.com/Marcos_Baghdatis -
Margo (actress)
Margo (May 10, 1917 – July 17, 1985), sometimes known as Margo Albert, was a film actress and dancer.
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Mario Gomez
http://wn.com/Mario_Gomez -
Mary Elise Hayden
Mary Elise Hayden is an American actress born in West Palm Beach, FL. Hayden is a 2003 graduate of the Alexander W. Dreyfoos Jr. School of the Arts and a former student of the New York Film Academy.
http://wn.com/Mary_Elise_Hayden -
Maryam Hassouni
Maryam Hassouni (born September 21, 1985) is a Dutch/Moroccan television and film actress. In 2006 she won an International Emmy Award for her role in Offers (2005).
http://wn.com/Maryam_Hassouni -
Masako Natsume
(family name: Nishiyama) was a Japanese model and actress from Tokyo. Widely popular in Japan she gained worldwide recognition for her portrayal as Tripitaka in the TV series Monkey which is now considered a cult classic.
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Masuiyama Daishiro I
http://wn.com/Masuiyama_Daishiro_I -
Matthew Cardona
http://wn.com/Matthew_Cardona -
Meagan Tandy
Meagan Yvonne Tandy (born May 3, 1985 in Fremont, California) is an actress and model originally from Fontana, California. She was Miss California USA 2007 who was one of 5 finalists competing for the Miss USA title in 2007. She placed 8th in swimsuit which advanced her to the top 10 and then placed 4th in evening gown, which gave her enough points to make the top 5. She finished as 3rd runner up to Rachel Smith, Miss Tennessee USA 2007 and Miss USA 2007.
http://wn.com/Meagan_Tandy -
Melissa M
Melissa M or Melissa (born on August 21, 1985, Marseille) is a French R&B; singer with Algerian roots. She started her musical career with Maniac from Norway based in Oslo. Maniac helped Melissa to guide her positively through the music industry. She has released her first album entitled Avec tout mon amour and two successful singles, "Elle" and "Cette Fois" under Maniacs' recordlabel East Meets West in 2007. She currently lives in Gardanne, France.
http://wn.com/Melissa_M -
Michael Phelps
Swimmer
http://wn.com/Michael_Phelps -
Michael Redgrave
Sir Michael Scudamore Redgrave (20 March 1908 – 21 March 1985) was an English stage and film actor, director, manager and author.
http://wn.com/Michael_Redgrave -
Michael S. Brown
http://wn.com/Michael_S_Brown -
Michael Trevino
Michael Trevino (born January 25, 1985 in Montebello, California) is an American actor.
http://wn.com/Michael_Trevino -
Michelle Madrigal
Michelle Gaspar Madrigal, who is better known by her screen name Michelle Madrigal (born November 4, 1987 in Quezon City, Philippines) is a Filipina actress. Known as she was a finalist of ABS-CBN reality talent search, Star Circle Quest.
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Mickey Shaughnessy
Joseph Michael "Mickey" Shaughnessy (August 5, 1920 - July 23, 1985) was an Irish American character actor who specialized in playing lovable, but not-too-bright lugs. One of his best-known roles was as the tough, experienced mentor of Elvis Presley's character in Jailhouse Rock.
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Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ( Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov ; born 2 March 1931) was the sixth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991.
http://wn.com/Mikhail_Gorbachev -
Miki Fujimoto
(born February 26, 1985), professionally known by her birth name , is a Japanese pop singer and television actress. After failing the audition to join girl group Morning Musume with the fourth generation members, Fujimoto debuted as solo artist within Hello! Project in 2002 with the single "Aenai Nagai Nichiyōbi". Fujimoto later joined Morning Musume in January 2003 along with the sixth generation and would eventually become the leader of the group in May 2007. However, shortly after her becoming the leader, Fujimoto resigned from the group due to a scandal involving then-boyfriend Tomoharu Shōji.
http://wn.com/Miki_Fujimoto -
Miki Yeung
Miki Yeung (born 14 February 1985) is a Hong Kong cantopop singer and actress. In 2002, she joined the cantopop music idol group Cookies. In 2005, her film b420 was awarded the Grand Prix Award: The 19th Fukuoka Asian Film Festival. Currently she is the TV hostess of the programme on J2 channel, TVB.
http://wn.com/Miki_Yeung -
Minami Keisuke
http://wn.com/Minami_Keisuke -
Mohammed Al Fayed
http://wn.com/Mohammed_Al_Fayed -
Morrie Ryskind
Morrie Ryskind (born October 20, 1895, New York City — died August 24, 1985, Washington, D.C.) was an American dramatist, lyricist and director on theatrical productions and motion pictures, who became a political conservative activist later in life.
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Morton Downey
Morton Downey (November 14, 1901 – October 25, 1985) was a singer popular in the United States, enjoying his greatest success in the 1930s and 1940s. Downey was nicknamed "The Irish Nightingale".
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Mutya Buena
Mutya Buena (born 21 May 1985) is a British recording artist who rose to fame in the late 1990s as a member of pop girl group, the Sugababes.
http://wn.com/Mutya_Buena -
Nadine Coyle
Nadine Elizabeth Louise Coyle (born 15 June 1985) is an Irish singer, songwriter, actress, and entrepreneur.
http://wn.com/Nadine_Coyle -
Nathalie Kelley
Nathalie Kelley (born October 4, 1985) is a Peruvian-born Australian actress, most notable for playing Neela in in 2006, along with her appearance in the music video of Bruno Mars' hit "Just the Way You Are".
http://wn.com/Nathalie_Kelley -
Nelson Piquet, Jr.
Nelson Ângelo Tamsma Piquet Souto Maior (born July 25, 1985 in Heidelberg, West Germany), also known as Nelson Piquet Junior or Nelsinho Piquet, is a racing driver. He currently drives the #1 Toyota in the Camping World Truck Series for Red Horse Racing.
http://wn.com/Nelson_Piquet_Jr -
Nelson Riddle
Nelson Smock Riddle, Jr. (June 1, 1921 – October 6, 1985) was an American arranger, composer, bandleader and orchestrator whose career spanned from the late 1940s to the mid 1980s. It was his signature sound and iconic arrangements that defined a generation and his work for Capitol Records kept such vocalists as Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Judy Garland, Peggy Lee, Johnny Mathis, Rosemary Clooney and Keely Smith household names. His multi-Grammy award winning albums with Linda Ronstadt proved that the Riddle sound transcended the generation gap. Nelson Riddle died shortly before the release of his third album with Linda in 1985.
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Nick O'Malley
'''Nicholas O'Malley''' (born 5 July 1985 in Sheffield, England), is the bass guitarist of Sheffield-based band Arctic Monkeys.
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Nico Rosberg
Nico Rosberg (born 27 June 1985 in Wiesbaden, West Germany) is a racing driver for the Mercedes GP Formula One team. He races under the German flag in Formula One, although he competed for Finland earlier in his career. He holds dual nationality of these two countries.
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Nicola Roberts
Nicola Maria Roberts (born 5 October 1985) is an English singer, songwriter, actress, and entrepreneur.
http://wn.com/Nicola_Roberts -
Nicolas Frantz
Nicolas Frantz (November 4, 1899 - November 8, 1985), born in Mamer, Luxembourg, was a bicycle racer with 60 professional racing victories over his 12-year career (1923 to 1934). He rode for the Thomann team in 1923 and then for Alcyon-Dunlop from 1924 to 1931.
http://wn.com/Nicolas_Frantz -
Noele Gordon
Noele Gordon (25 December 1919 - 14 April 1985) was a British film and television actress.
http://wn.com/Noele_Gordon -
Nonami Takizawa
is a Japanese gravure idol, and a female talent. She is best known for her voluptuous figure. She is from Saitama, and her nickname is 'Nonamin'.
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Orianthi Panagaris
http://wn.com/Orianthi_Panagaris -
Orson Welles
George Orson Welles (May 6, 1915 – October 10, 1985), best known as Orson Welles, was an American filmmaker, actor, theatre director, screenwriter, and producer, who worked extensively in film, theatre, television and radio. Noted for his innovative dramatic productions as well as his distinctive voice and personality, Welles is widely acknowledged as one of the most accomplished dramatic artists of the twentieth century, especially for his significant and influential early work—despite his notoriously contentious relationship with Hollywood. His distinctive directorial style featured layered, nonlinear narrative forms, innovative uses of lighting and chiaroscuro, unique camera angles, sound techniques borrowed from radio, deep focus shots, and long takes. Welles's long career in film is noted for his struggle for artistic control in the face of pressure from studios, which resulted in many of his films being severely edited and others left unreleased. He has thus been praised as a major creative force and as "the ultimate auteur."
http://wn.com/Orson_Welles -
Ouchiyama Heikichi
Ouchiyama Heikichi (born Heikichi Ouchi, 19 June 1926 - 1 November 1985) was a sumo wrestler from Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.
http://wn.com/Ouchiyama_Heikichi -
P. W. Botha
Pieter Willem Botha (12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006), commonly known as "P. W." and Die Groot Krokodil (Afrikaans for "The Big Crocodile"), was the prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and the first executive state president from 1984 to 1989.
http://wn.com/P_W_Botha -
Park Chu-Young
Park Chu-Young (Hangul: 박주영, Hanja: 朴主永, born 10 July 1985, Daegu) is a South Korean footballer who plays for AS Monaco and the Korea Republic national team.
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Paul Bissonnette
Paul Bissonnette (born March 11, 1985 in Welland, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently with the Phoenix Coyotes organization.
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Paul Castellano
Constantino Paul "Big Paul" Castellano (June 26, 1915 – December 16, 1985), also known as "The Howard Hughes of the Mob" and "Big Paulie" (or "PC" to his family), was an American Mafia boss in New York City. He succeeded Carlo Gambino as head of the Gambino crime family, at the time, the nation's largest Mafia family. In 1985, he was one of many Mafia bosses arrested on charges of racketeering, which was to result in the Mafia Commission Trial; in December of that year, while out on bail, Castellano and his bodyguard were shot to death outside Sparks Steak House in Manhattan on the orders of John Gotti.
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Paul Flory
Paul John Flory (June 19, 1910 – September 9, 1985) was an American chemist and Nobel laureate who was known for his prodigious volume of work in the field of polymers, or macromolecules. He was a leading pioneer in understanding the behavior of polymers in solution, and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1974 "for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of macromolecules."
http://wn.com/Paul_Flory -
Paul H. Emmett
http://wn.com/Paul_H_Emmett -
Paul Peter Ewald
Paul Peter Ewald (January 23, 1888 in Berlin, Germany – August 22, 1985 in Ithaca, New York) was a German-born U.S. crystallographer and physicist, a pioneer of X-ray diffraction methods.
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Paweł Korzeniowski
Paweł Korzeniowski (born 9 July 1985 in Oświęcim) is a Polish swimmer, who won the 200 m butterfly at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Montreal. He also competes in the freestyle events.
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Pete Desjardins
Ulise Joseph "Pete" Desjardins (April 10, 1907 – May 6, 1985) was an American diver who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics and in the 1928 Summer Olympics.
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Phil Bardsley
Phillip Anthony "Phil" Bardsley (born 28 June 1985 in Greater Manchester, England) is a professional footballer who currently plays as a right back for Premier League club Sunderland and the Scotland national football team. Born in England, Bardsley qualifies for Scotland through his father, who was born in Glasgow.
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Phil Foster
Phil Foster (March 29, 1913 – July 8, 1985) was an American actor and performer. He is best known for playing Frank De Fazio on the television sitcom Laverne & Shirley.
http://wn.com/Phil_Foster -
Phil Silvers
Phil Silvers (May 11, 1911 – November 1, 1985) was an American entertainer and comedy actor, known as "The King of Chutzpah." He is best known for starring in The Phil Silvers Show, a 1950s sitcom set on a U.S. Army post in which he played Sergeant Bilko.
http://wn.com/Phil_Silvers -
Potter Stewart
Potter Stewart (January 23, 1915 – December 7, 1985) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. On the Court, he made major contributions to criminal justice reform, civil rights, access to the courts, and Fourth Amendment jurisprudence, among other areas.
http://wn.com/Potter_Stewart -
Poul Reichhardt
Poul David Reichhardt (2 February 1913 – 31 October 1985) was a Danish actor, well known for his roles in Danish 1940s/50s comedies. Later on, he also played more serious and varied roles; he has also starred in Huset på Christianshavn, Matador and as various minor characters in the Olsen Gang films.
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Prince Bira
http://wn.com/Prince_Bira -
Rachael Lampa
Rachael Maureen Lampa (born January 8, 1985) is a Dove award winning American Christian singer-songwriter, record producer, and occasional actress. She rose to fame in 2000 with her debut album Live For You, winning a Dove Award as well as achieving four number one singles including "Blessed, "Shaken", "God Loves You", and "Live for You". She was also named the #1 Young New Female Artist by CCM Magazine and made appearances on The Tonight Show and The View. Rachael has released three studio albums, Live For You, Kaleidoscope, and Rachael Lampa. She has also released one remix album, Blur, one greatest hits album, , and two extended plays, Three Songs For Christmas, and Human.
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Rachel Melvin
Rachel Melvin (born February 9, 1985) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Chelsea Brady on Days of our Lives (2005–2009).
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Raquel Guerra
Raquel Guerra (born 11 November 1985) is a Portuguese singer and actress. She was born in Elvas.
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Raven-Symoné
Raven-Symoné Christina Pearman (born December 10, 1985), known professionally as Raven-Symoné or Raven, is an American actress, singer-songwriter, comedienne, dancer, television producer, and model. She is best known for her television roles as Olivia Kendall on The Cosby Show, Galleria Garibaldi in The Cheetah Girls and The Cheetah Girls 2, and as Raven Baxter in the Emmy Award nominated series, ''That's So Raven''.
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Reggie Bush
Reginald Alfred "Reggie" Bush II (born March 2, 1985) is a professional football player who plays for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League. He has played running back/tailback, wide receiver and punt returner. Bush played college football at the University of Southern California in 2003–2005.
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Richard Beeching
Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching (21 April 1913 – 23 March 1985), commonly known as Doctor Beeching, was chairman of British Railways and a physicist and engineer. He became infamous in Britain in the early 1960s for his report "The Reshaping of British Railways", commonly referred to as the Beeching Report, which led to far-reaching changes in the railway network, popularly known as the Beeching Axe. As a result of the report, just over 4,000 route miles were cut on cost and efficiency grounds, leaving Britain with of railway lines in 1966. A further were to be lost by the end of the 1960s.
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Richard Greene
Richard Marius Joseph Greene (25 August 1918 – 1 June 1985) was a noted English movie and television actor. A matinee idol who appeared in more than 40 films, he was perhaps best known for the lead role in the long-running British TV series The Adventures of Robin Hood, which ran for 143 episodes from 1955 to 1960.
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Richard Haydn
Richard Haydn (March 10, 1905 – April 25, 1985) was an English comic actor in radio, films and television.
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Richard Ramirez
Richard Ramírez (born as Ricardo Leyva Muñoz Ramírez; on February 28 or 29, 1960) is an American serial killer, sex offender, rapist and burglar awaiting execution on California's death row at San Quentin State Prison. Prior to his arrest, the media dubbed the unknown serial killer active in Los Angeles, California, the "Night Stalker"; following his arrest, sensationalist reporting of his apparent interest in the occult and Satanism was common.
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Richard Smalley
Richard Errett Smalley (June 6, 1943 – October 28, 2005) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas. In 1996, along with Robert Curl, also a professor of chemistry at Rice, and Harold Kroto, a professor at the University of Sussex, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of a new form of carbon, buckminsterfullerene ("buckyballs").
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Richard Stallman
Richard Matthew Stallman (born March 16, 1953), often shortened to rms, is an American software freedom activist and computer programmer. In September 1983, he launched the GNU Project to create a free Unix-like operating system, and has been the project's lead architect and organizer. With the launch of the GNU Project, he initiated the free software movement; in October 1985 he founded the Free Software Foundation.
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Ricki-Lee Coulter
Ricki-Lee Coulter (born November 10, 1985), better known as Ricki-Lee, is an Australian pop/R&B; singer, songwriter, television and radio presenter who rose to fame as a contestant on Australian Idol in 2004. Coulter was born in Auckland, New Zealand and moved to Gold Coast, Queensland when she was three weeks old.
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Rie fu
, born on January 11, 1985 in Tokyo, is a Japanese singer-songwriter. She resides in Tokyo but frequently travels to the United Kingdom to record and promote her work.
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Rika Ishikawa
, is a Japanese pop singer and TV and radio hostess, associated with the Hello! Project banner and best known as a former member of Hello! Project's mothership J-pop group, Morning Musume. She was the leader of the trio v-u-den until June, 2008. She is working as a soloist and a member of the group Ongaku Gatas and the duo Hangry & Angry.
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Robert Curl
Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. (born August 23, 1933) the son of a Methodist Minister is a graduate of Thomas Jefferson High School in San Antonio, Texas and is an emeritus professor of chemistry at Rice University.
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Robert Graves
:For the rugby footballer and coach of the same name, see Robert Graves (rugby)
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Robert Stethem
Robert Dean Stethem (November 17, 1961 – June 15, 1985) was a United States Navy Seabee diver who was murdered by Hezbollah terrorists during the hijacking of the commercial airliner he was aboard: TWA Flight 847. His Navy rating was Steel Worker Second Class (SW2).
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Robin Uthappa
Robin Venu Uthappa (Kannada/Kodava Takk: ರಾಬಿನ್ ವೇಣು ಉತ್ತಪ್ಪ) (born 11 November 1985 in Kodagu, Karnataka) is an Indian cricketer. His father is Venu Uthappa, an international hockey referee from Kodagu, Karnataka, and mother Roselyn is a home maker and hails from Kozhikode, Kerala. He made his One Day International debut in the seventh and final match of the English tour of India in April 2006. He had a successful debut, making 86 as an opening batsman before being run out. It was the highest score for any Indian debutant in a limited overs match . He is also named 'The Walking Assassin" for his tactic of charging the bowler. He played an important role in India's win at the ICC World T20 World Cup 2007. However, he then suffered a form slump and has not played for India since mid-2008 and was relegated to a Grade C contract.
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Rodney Robert Porter
Rodney Robert Porter, FRS (8 October 1917 – 7 September 1985) was an English biochemist.
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Roger Maris
Roger Eugene Maris (September 10, 1934 – December 14, 1985) was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who is primarily remembered for hitting 61 home runs for the New York Yankees during the 1961 season. This broke Babe Ruth's single-season record of 60 home runs (set in 1927) and set a record that would stand for 37 years.
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Rok Perko
Rok Perko (born June 10, 1985 in Kranj) is a Slovenian alpine ski racer. He is specialized in Downhill and Super-G.
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Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975).
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Rooney Mara
Patricia Rooney Mara (born 1985) is an American actress, who will portray Lisbeth Salander, the title character in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, the first of three Sony Pictures films based on Stieg Larsson’s Millennium Trilogy book series.
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Rusko (musician)
Christopher Mercer, more commonly known as Rusko, is a dubstep music producer and DJ born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, UK.
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Ruth Gordon
Ruth Gordon Jones (October 30, 1896 – August 28, 1985), better known as Ruth Gordon, was an American actress and writer. She was perhaps best known for her film roles such as the oversolicitous neighbor in ''Rosemary's Baby, the eccentric Maude in Harold and Maude and as the mother of Orville Boggs in the Clint Eastwood film Every Which Way But Loose''. In addition to her acting career, Gordon wrote numerous well-known plays, film scripts and books. Gordon won an Academy Award, an Emmy and two Golden Globe awards for her acting.
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Ruth Lawrence
Ruth Elke Lawrence-Naimark (, born 2 August 1971) is an Associate Professor of mathematics at the Einstein Institute of Mathematics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a researcher in knot theory and algebraic topology. Outside academia, she is best known for being a child prodigy in mathematics.
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Ryan Callahan
Ryan Callahan (born March 21, 1985) is an American ice hockey right winger and an alternate captain of the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL).
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Ryan Sampson
Ryan Oliver Sampson (born 28 November 1985) is an English actor best known for playing Alex Venables in the British sitcom ''After You've Gone''.
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Sally Martin
Sally Erana Martin (born May 14, 1985 in Wellington, New Zealand) is an actress best known for her role as Tori Hanson/the Blue Wind Ninja Ranger, who has the Power of Water on the television series . Martin became very famous after doing the Power Rangers series.
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Salomon Kalou
Salomon Armand Magloire Kalou (born August 5, 1985 in Oumé, Côte d'Ivoire) is an Ivorian professional football player, who plays his club football as a forward for Chelsea in the Premier League, and formerly for the Dutch club Feyenoord.
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Sam Morrow
Samuel Morrow (born 3 March 1985 in Derry, Northern Ireland), aka Sam Morrow or Sammy Morrow, is a professional football player, and is currently with Tranmere. Morrow, who was raised in Limavady, started as a youth at Institute FC before beginning his career at Ipswich Town were he made his debut as an 18 year old, but was released in 2004. He was then signed by former Ipswich coach Tony Mowbray for Hibernian while Mowbray was Hibs manager. Morrow only started five matches in his first season with Hibs, but proved to be useful as a substitute, scoring goals in wins over Dundee and Dundee United.
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Sam Spiegel
Sam Spiegel (11 November 1901 – 31 December 1985) was an independent film producer.
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Sarah Hughes
Sarah Elizabeth Hughes (born May 2, 1985) is an American figure skater. She is the 2002 Olympic gold medalist and the 2001 World bronze medalist.
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Sasha Pivovarova
Sasha Pivovarova (, born January 21, 1985 in Moscow) is a Russian model. She is perhaps best known for her consecutive 6-season run with Prada.
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Scott Brady
Scott Brady (September 13, 1924 – April 16, 1985) was an American film and television actor.
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Scott Michael Foster
Scott Michael Foster (born March 4, 1985) is an American actor presently starring as "Cappie", a rowdy fraternity brother, on the ABC Family TV Series Greek.
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Sebastian Telfair
Sebastian Telfair (born June 9, 1985 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American professional basketball player for the NBA's Minnesota Timberwolves. Telfair was the 13th overall pick in the 2004 NBA Draft by the Portland Trail Blazers out of Abraham Lincoln High School. He had committed to the University of Louisville and head coach Rick Pitino during his senior year, but decided to turn professional instead.
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See Ya
http://wn.com/See_Ya -
Selma Diamond
Selma Diamond (August 5, 1920 – May 13, 1985) was a Canadian-born American comic actress and radio and television writer, and is best known for her high-range, raspy voice and her portrayal of Selma Hacker on the first two seasons of the NBC television comedy series Night Court.
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Sherlyn
Sherlyn Montserrat González Díaz (born on October 14, 1985 in Guadalajara, Jalisco) better known just as Sherlyn is a Mexican actress and singer. She is currently a member of the band Camaleones.
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Shindong
Shin Dong-hee (born September 28, 1985), better known by his stage name Shindong, is a Korean pop singer, actor, presenter, and a member of the super boy band Super Junior. He is a dancer but also a rapper, often co-writing rap lyrics and rhythms with Eunhyuk.
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Shizuko Kasagi
was a popular Japanese jazz singer and actress.
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Simo-Pekka Olli
Simo-Pekka Olli (born November 13, 1985) is a professional volleyball player from Finland. He has played three seasons in Italy A1-league. Sempre Volley Padova was his club years 2005-2008. After that he came back to Finland because he must perform military service. In Finland military service is mandatory for all men.
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Simon Kuznets
Simon Smith Kuznets (April 30, 1901 – July 8, 1985) was a Russian American economist at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania who won the 1971 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences "for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development".
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Simone Signoret
Simone Signoret (; 25 March 1921 – 30 September 1985) was a French cinema actress often hailed as one of France's greatest movie stars. She became the first French person to win an Academy Award, for her role in Room at the Top (1959). In her lifetime she also received a BAFTA, an Emmy, Golden Globe, Cannes Film Festival recognition and the Silver Bear for Best Actress.
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Sonam Kapoor
Sonam Kapoor (; born 9 June 1985, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India) is an Indian film actress who appears in Bollywood films.
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Sonny Bill Williams
Sonny Bill Williams (born 3 August 1985) is a New Zealand rugby football player. He currently plays for Canterbury Rugby Football Union in the NPC ITM Cup and is expected to play for the Crusaders in the Super 15.
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Spencer W. Kimball
Spencer Woolley Kimball (March 28, 1895 – November 5, 1985) was the twelfth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1973 until his death in 1985.
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Stefan Bellof
Stefan Bellof (20 November 1957 in Gießen, West Germany – 1 September 1985 in Spa-Francorchamps, Belgium) was a racing driver who is famous for setting the fastest lap ever on the Nordschleife configuration, at the Nürburgring, setting the time in a Porsche 956 in 1983. He was also the Drivers Champion for the World Sportscar Championship in 1984 driving for the factory Rothmans Porsche team and also competed with the Tyrrell Formula One team in both the 1984 and 1985 seasons.
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Stephanie McIntosh
Stephanie McIntosh (born 5 July 1985) is an Australian actress and singer. She is known for her role as Sky Mangel in the Australian soap opera Neighbours and her music career, which began with the release of her debut album Tightrope in September 2006.
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Stepin Fetchit
Stepin Fetchit (May 30, 1902 – November 19, 1985) was the stage name of American comedian and film actor Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew Perry. Perry parlayed the Fetchit persona into a successful film career, eventually becoming a millionaire, the first black actor in history to do so. He was also the first black actor to receive a screen credit.
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Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
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Steven Davis
Steven Davis (born 1 January 1985 in Ballymena, County Antrim) is a Northern Irish footballer who currently plays for Scottish Premier League side Rangers and the Northern Ireland national team.
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Svetlana Kuznetsova
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova (lang-ru|); born June 27, 1985 in St. Petersburg (then Leningrad) is a Russian professional tennis player. She won the 2004 US Open and the 2009 French Open singles titles defeating Elena Dementieva and Dinara Safina. She also was the runner-up in singles at the 2006 French Open and the 2007 US Open, both times to Belgian player Justine Henin. As of October 11, 2010, Kuznetsova is ranked World No. 20.
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T-Pain
Faheem Rasheed Najm (born September 30, 1985), better known by his stage name T-Pain, is an American singer-songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actor. He began his career as a rapper in the group Nappy Headz. In 2005, he became a singer and released his debut album Rappa Ternt Sanga. Throughout his career as a singer, T-Pain has extensively used the Auto-Tune pitch correction effect. Since the release of his debut album, T-Pain has produced numerous hits of his own and for other rappers and R&B; singers. In 2008, he won a Grammy with rapper Kanye West for the single "Good Life". In 2010, he won another Grammy with Jamie Foxx for the single "Blame It". T-Pain is also the founder of the record label Nappy Boy Entertainment, established in 2005.
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Takao Doi
Takao Doi (土井隆雄 Doi Takao, born September 18, 1954) is a Japanese astronaut and a veteran of two NASA space shuttle missions.
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Takudzwa Ngwenya
Takudzwa Ngwenya (born July 22, 1985 in Harare, Zimbabwe) is a rugby union player who plays on the for the United States national rugby union team and French power Biarritz. He made his mark in the 2007 Rugby World Cup with scintillating tries against South Africa and Samoa.
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Tancredo Neves
Tancredo de Almeida Neves, SFO more commonly Tancredo Neves (; March 4, 1910 – April 21, 1985) was a Brazilian politician. He was born in São João del Rei, in the state of Minas Gerais, of mostly Portuguese, but also Austrian descent and graduated in law. The Neves family name comes from an Azorean great great grandfather. Tancredo Neves is also a descendant of Amador Bueno, notable character of colonial Brazil from São Paulo. He began his political career as a member of the legislative chamber of his hometown in 1934, and was elected in 1947 to the Minas Gerais state legislature. Three years later he became a representative of his state in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. In 1953 he was appointed by President Getúlio Dornelles Vargas to be the Minister of Justice. Neves served in that post until Vargas committed suicide in 1954. In 1960, Neves ran unsuccessfully for governor of Minas Gerais.
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Tatsuzō Ishikawa
was a Japanese author. He was the winner of the first Akutagawa Prize.
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Teagan Presley
Teagan Presley (born July 24, 1985) is an American pornographic actress. Her stage name in part comes from her parents initially wanting to call her "Teagan" and in part as an homage to Lisa Marie Presley.
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Tegan Moss
Tegan Moss (born February 7, 1985) is a Young Artist Award-nominated Canadian actress appearing in film and television.
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Teng Haibin
Teng Haibin (; born January 2, 1985 in Beijing) is a male Chinese gymnast. He is a Two Time World Champion as well as an Olympic gold medalist on the pommel horse. He cost his team a medal at the 2004 Olympics with multiple falls on every apparatus. He and Xiao Qin are considered personal favorites of Head Coach Huang Yubin.
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Terry A. Anderson
Terry A. Anderson (born October 27, 1947) is the best known, and longest held, hostage of a group of Americans believed to be captured by Shiite Hezbollah militants in an attempt to drive U.S. military forces from Lebanon during the Lebanese Civil War.
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Theo van Boven
Theo van Boven (born 1934) is a Dutch jurist and professor emeritus in international law.
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Theodore Sturgeon
Theodore Sturgeon (26 February 1918 — 8 May 1985) was an American science fiction author.
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Thomas Bilotti
Thomas Bilotti (March 23, 1940 – December 16, 1985) was a New York mobster and then Underboss for the reputed Boss of the Gambino crime family, Paul Castellano.
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Tina Majorino
Albertina Marie "Tina" Majorino (; born February 7, 1985) is an American film and television actress. She started her career as a child actor, starring in films such as Andre, When a Man Loves a Woman, Corrina, Corrina, and Waterworld. Despite her early success, Majorino left show business in 1999.
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Tirunesh Dibaba
MedalCountry|
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Tjalling Koopmans
Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910 February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
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Todd Lasance
Todd James Lasance (born 18 February 1985) is an Australian actor and is best known for his role as Aden Jefferies in the Australian soap opera Home And Away.
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Tom Fletcher
Thomas Michael "Tom" Fletcher (born 17 July 1985 in Harrow, London, England) is an English musician. He is best known as one of the lead vocalists, guitarists and songwriters of pop rock/pop punk band McFly, along with fellow band members Danny Jones, Dougie Poynter and Harry Judd. McFly rose to fame after they were invited to tour with fellow teen-pop band Busted in March 2004.
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Tom Sturridge
Thomas Sidney Jerome "Tom" Sturridge (born December 1985) is an English actor best known for his work in Being Julia, Like Minds and The Boat That Rocked. As of September 2010, he is filming a role in Walter Salles' highly anticipated film adaptation of Jack Kerouac's On the Road.
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Tommy Hilfiger
Thomas Jacob "Tommy" Hilfiger (born March 24, 1951) is an American fashion designer and founder of the brand Tommy Hilfiger.
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Tomohisa Yamashita
, also widely known as Yamapi, is a Japanese idol, actor and singer. He is active as a solo artist and as a member of the Japanese boyband NEWS. Yamashita is often referred to as the leader of NEWS but Yamashita himself and other members of the group have stated that he is not the de facto leader of the group.
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Tristan Wilds
Tristan Paul Mack Wilds (born July 15, 1989) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Michael Lee on the HBO original drama series The Wire, and as Dixon Wilson on the CW drama series 90210.
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Troian Bellisario
Troian Avery Bellisario (born October 28, 1985) is an American actress. She currently stars as Spencer Hastings in the ABC Family series Pretty Little Liars.
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Turk McBride
Claude Maurice "Turk" McBride (born May 30, 1985 in ) is an American football defensive end for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the second round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at Tennessee.
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Tyler Hansbrough
Andrew Tyler Hansbrough (born November 3, 1985 in Poplar Bluff, Missouri) is an American basketball player for the Indiana Pacers. Hansbrough completed a college basketball career with the North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball team in 2009, and was drafted into the NBA by the Indiana Pacers with the 13th pick of the 1st round of the 2009 NBA Draft. Hansbrough was a unanimous selection for the 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 Atlantic Coast Conference All Conference Team, 2006 ACC Freshman of the Year, and 2008 ACC Player of the Year. His jersey (number 50) was retired on February 10, 2010 during a Duke-North Carolina rivalry game.
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Tyrone Savage
Tyrone Savage is a Canadian theatre, film and television actor. Television credits include Wind at My Back, Instant Star , Dresden Files and Goosebumps. Film credits include . Recent theatre credits include The Zoo Story by Edward Albee and Romeo and Juliet.
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Unabomber
http://wn.com/Unabomber -
Urgyen Trinley Dorje
http://wn.com/Urgyen_Trinley_Dorje -
Vanessa Lengies
Vanessa Lynne-Marie Lengies is a Canadian actress best known for starring in the drama American Dreams as Roxanne Bojarski.
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Wayne Rooney
Wayne Mark Rooney (born 24 October 1985) is an English footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Manchester United and the England national team.
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William Alwyn
William Alwyn, CBE, born William Alwyn Smith (7 November 1905 – 11 September 1985) was an English composer, conductor, and music teacher.
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William J. Schroeder
William J. Schroeder (1932 - August 7, 1986) of Jasper, Indiana, was one of the first recipients of an artificial heart at the age of 52. On November 25 1984, Schroeder became the second human recipient of the Jarvik 7. The transplant was performed at Humana Heart Institute International in Louisville, Kentucky by Dr. William C. DeVries. After 18 days, he suffered the first of a series of strokes, eventually leaving him in a vegetative state. He died on August 7, 1986 of a lung infection, 620 days after receiving the Jarvik 7. This was the longest that anyone had survived with an artificial heart at that time.
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William Pereira
William Leonard Pereira (April 25, 1909 – November 13, 1985) was an American architect from Chicago, Illinois, of Portuguese ancestry who was noted for his futuristic designs of landmark buildings such as the Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco. Remarkably prolific, he worked out of Los Angeles, and was known for his love of science fiction and expensive cars, but mostly for his unmistakable style of architecture, which helped define the look of mid-20th century America.
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Wilson Goode
Willie Wilson Goode (born August 19, 1938) was the first African-American mayor of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He served from 1984 to 1992, a period which included the controversial MOVE police action and house bombing in 1985. Goode was also a community activist, commissioner for the state Public Utility Commission, and managing director for the City of Philadelphia.
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Wolfgang Reitherman
Wolfgang Reitherman (June 26, 1909 – May 22, 1985), also known and sometimes credited as Woolie Reitherman, was a famed Disney animator and one of Disney's Nine Old Men.
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Yani Gellman
Yani Gellman (born September 2, 1985) is a Canadian/Australian film and television actor.
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Yul Brynner
Yul Brynner (, Julij Borisovič Briner; July 11, 1920October 10, 1985) was a Russian-born actor of stage and film. He was best known for his portrayal of Mongkut, king of Siam, in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I on both stage and screen, as well as Rameses II in the 1956 Cecil B. DeMille film The Ten Commandments and Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven. Brynner was noted for his deep, rich voice and for his shaven head, which he maintained as a personal trademark after adopting it for his role in The King and I. He was also a photographer and the author of two books.
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Yulia Volkova
'''
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Yuri Andropov
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (, Yury Vladimirovich Andropov; – 9 February 1984) was a Soviet politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 12 November 1982 until his death fifteen months later.
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Yuu Shirota
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Zac Hanson
Zachary Walker "Zac" Hanson (born October 22, 1985) is an American musician, known as a member of the pop band Hanson. He can play percussion, piano, guitar and drums and also sings backing vocals and lead vocals. He was lead singer on "Go", the first single from The Walk.
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Zach Roerig
Zachary George "Zach" Roerig (born February 22, 1985) is an American actor who is best known for roles of Casey Hughes on As the World Turns, Hunter Atwood on One Life to Live and Matt Donovan on The Vampire Diaries.
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Zoot Sims
John Haley "Zoot" Sims (October 29, 1925 - March 23, 1985) was an American jazz saxophonist, playing mainly tenor and soprano.
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Ólafur Hannesson
Ólafur Hannesson (born July 23, 1985) is an Icelandic television personality and the host of the TV show Óli á Hrauni. The show has been on the television channel ÍNN since March 2008.
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Łukasz Fabiański
Łukasz Fabiański (; born 18 April 1985) is a Polish footballer who plays for English Premier League club Arsenal and the Polish national team as a goalkeeper.
http://wn.com/Łukasz_Fabiański
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Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (, ; ), is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city. The exclave province of Cabinda has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Antarctica
Antarctica
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Auburn, Washington
Auburn is a city in King County and additionally Pierce County, Washington, United States; with the majority of spatial land area within King County. The population was 40,314 at the 2000 census; the State of Washington Office of Financial Management estimates the City of Auburn's population to be 63,544 as of July 1, 2009. The population increased dramatically resulting from the recent annexations of the West Hill, and Lea Hill, Washington communities directly east and west of the city.
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Australia
{{Infobox country
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Bangladesh
Bangladesh (; , '), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ ') is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma (Myanmar) to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. Together with the Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language.
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Beirut
Beirut (, Bayrūt) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon with a population ranging from some 1 million to over 2 million as of 2007. Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's coastline with the Mediterranean sea, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport, and also forms the Beirut Metropolitan Area, which consists of the city and its suburbs. The first mention of this metropolis is found in the ancient Egyptian Tell el Amarna letters, dating to the 15th century BC, and the city has been continuously inhabited since.
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Belgium
Belgium (, ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, as well as those of several other major international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 10.8 million people.
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Bradford
Bradford () lies at the heart of the City of Bradford, a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, in Northern England. It is situated in the foothills of the Pennines, west of Leeds, and northwest of Wakefield. Bradford became a municipal borough in 1847, and received its charter as a city in 1897. Following local government reform in 1974, city status was bestowed upon the wider metropolitan borough.
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Brazil
Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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Brixton
Brixton is a district in south London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is miles south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
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Brussels
Brussels (, pronounced ; , pronounced ), officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region (, Dutch: ), is the de facto capital city of the European Union (EU) and the largest urban area in Belgium. It comprises 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels proper, which is the constitutional capital of Belgium, the seat of the French Community of Belgium and of the Flemish Community.
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California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
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Colombia
Colombia (), officially the Republic of Colombia (, ), is a constitutional republic in northwestern South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the northwest by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia also shares maritime borders with Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. With a population of over 45 million people, Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the fourth largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico, the United States, and Spain.
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Cuando Cubango
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Cuito Cuanavale
Cuito Cuanavale is a town and municipality in Cuando Cubango (Kuando-Kubango) province in Angola. The names Kuito Kuanavale or Kwito Kwanavale are sometimes used, although this is a mutation of the original Portuguese name.
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Dallas, Texas
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Egypt
Egypt (; , Miṣr, ; Egyptian Arabic: مصر, Maṣr, ; Coptic: , ; Greek: Αίγυπτος, Aiguptos; Egyptian:
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England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
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Ethiopia
{{Infobox country
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FBI
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France
{{Infobox Country
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Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
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Gothenburg
Gothenburg (; pronounced ) is the second-largest city in Sweden (after Stockholm) and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the southwest coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 509,847, with 510,491 in the urban area and total of 922,938 inhabitants in the metropolitan area.
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Greenland
Greenland ( meaning "Land of the Kalaallit people"; ) is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Physiographically, it is a part of the continent of North America. The largest island in Greenland is also named Greenland, and makes up most of the country's land area.
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Harrods
Harrods is a high-end department store located on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London, England. The Harrods brand also applies to other enterprises undertaken by the Harrods group of companies including Harrods Bank, Harrods Estates, Harrods Aviation and Air Harrods, and Harrods Buenos Aires.
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Heysel Disaster
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Heysel Stadium
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Hiroshima
() is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshū, the largest island of Japan. It became the first city in history to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon when the United States of America dropped an atomic bomb on it at 8:15 A.M. on August 6, 1945, near the end of World War II.
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Hollywood
Hollywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California - situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonym of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
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Houston, Texas
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Ireland
Ireland (,; , ; Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland is Great Britain, separated from it by the Irish Sea. The island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.2 million people. Just under 4.5 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
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Israel
Israel (, ''Yisrā'el; , Isrā'īl), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: , Medīnat Yisrā'el; , Dawlat Isrā'īl''), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and Gaza on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is the world's only predominantly Jewish state, and is defined as A Jewish and Democratic State by the Israeli government.
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Japan
Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon), officially the State of Japan ( or Nihon-koku), is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (also spelled Kazakstan, , Qazaqstan, قازاقستان, pronounced ; ), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country located in Central Asia and partially in East Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of 2,727,300 km² is greater than Western Europe. It is neighbored clockwise from the north by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. The capital was moved in 1997 from Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city, to Astana.
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Kenya
The Republic of Kenya (pronounced ) is a country in East Africa. Lying along the Indian Ocean to its southeast and at the equator, Kenya is bordered by Somalia to the northeast, Ethiopia to the north, Sudan to the northwest, Uganda to the west and Tanzania to the south. Lake Victoria is to the southwest and is shared between Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya has numerous wildlife reserves, containing thousands of animal species. The capital city is Nairobi. Kenya's area is 580,000 km2 with a population of nearly 39 million which is diverse: more than 40 different ethnic groups are present. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africa's highest mountain peaks.
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Khmer Republic
The République Khmère or Khmer Republic, was a government of Cambodia that preceded the establishment of the totalitarian communist state known as Democratic Kampuchea. It was formally declared on October 9, 1970 and was dissestablished in 1975.
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Lebanon
Lebanon ( or ; ; ), officially the Republic of Lebanon (Arabic: ; French: ), is a country on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
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Lexington, Kentucky
Lexington (officially Lexington-Fayette Urban County) is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 63rd largest in the United States. Known as the "Thoroughbred City" and the "Horse Capital of the World", it is located in the heart of Kentucky's Bluegrass region. In 2009 the city's population was estimated at 296,545 anchoring a metropolitan area of 470,849 people and a Combined Statistical Area of 688,707 people.
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Liberia
Liberia , officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2008 Census, the nation is home to 3,476,608 people and covers .
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Lincoln Center
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; , Spanish for "The Angels") is the second most populous city in the United States, the most populous city in the state of California and the western United States, with a population of 3.83 million within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Los Angeles extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of over 14.8 million and it is the 14th largest urban area in the world, affording it megacity status. The metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is home to nearly 12.9 million residents while the broader Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside combined statistical area (CSA) contains nearly 17.8 million people. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most multicultural counties in the United States. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos" ().
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Luanda
Luanda (formerly spelled Loanda) is the capital and largest city of Angola. Located on Angola's coast with the Atlantic Ocean, Luanda is both Angola's chief seaport and administrative center and has a population of at least 5 million (2008). It is also the capital city of Luanda Province. Luanda is located at . The city is currently undergoing a major reconstruction, with many large developments taking place that will alter the cityscape significantly.
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Madrid
Madrid (Spanish , English ) is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million (as of December 2009); the entire population of the metropolitan area (urban area and suburbs) is calculated to be nearly 6 million. It is the third-most populous municipality in the European Union after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the third-most populous in the European Union after Paris and London. The city spans a total of 698 km² (234 sq mi).
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Malta
Malta , officially the Republic of Malta (), is a southern European country and consists of an archipelago situated centrally in the Mediterranean, 93 km south of Sicily and 288 km east of Tunisia, with the Strait of Gibraltar 1,826 km to the west and Alexandria 1,510 km to the east.
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Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Most of its population of 6.6 million lives in the Boston metropolitan area. The eastern half of the state consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas, while Western Massachusetts is mostly rural. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and ranks third among U.S. states in GDP per capita.
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Menongue
Menongue is a town and municipality in Cuando Cubango Province in Angola.
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Mexico
Mexico, (pronounced ; ), officially known as the United Mexican States (), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
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Mexico City
Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the capital and largest city in Mexico as well as the largest city in the Americas and the world's third largest metropolitan area by population, after Seoul and Tokyo. Mexico City is also the Federal District (Distrito Federal), the seat of the federal government. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole. Mexico City is the most important political, cultural, and financial center in the country.
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Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Morocco
Morocco (, al-Maġrib; Berber: Amerruk / Murakuc; French: Maroc), officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية, al-Mamlakah al-Maġribiyya), is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of nearly 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², including the disputed Western Sahara which is mainly under Moroccan administration. Morocco has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Spain to the north (a water border through the Strait and land borders with three small Spanish-controlled exclaves, Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera), Algeria to the east, and Mauritania to the south.
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MOVE
MOVE or the MOVE Organization (though the name is not an acronym, it is spelled by followers in capital letters) is a Philadelphia-based black liberation group founded by charismatic leader John Africa. MOVE was described by CNN as "a loose-knit, mostly black group whose members all adopted the surname Africa, advocated a "back-to-nature" lifestyle and preached against technology." The Philadelphia Police Department raided their home in 1978 and later in 1985. During the latter event, the Philadelphia Police shot teargas at the MOVE headquarters and then dropped a four-pound, military-grade C-4 plastic explosive bomb on the house. The bombing resulted in 11 deaths (including 5 children) and the destruction of 65 homes in the resulting fires. An investigative commission formed by the Philadelphia Mayor issued its report on March 6, 1986 denouncing the actions of the city government, stating that "Dropping a bomb on an occupied row house was unconscionable." No one from the city government was charged criminally. In a 1996 civil suit in US federal court, a jury ordered the City of Philadelphia to pay $1.5 million to a survivor and relatives of two people killed in the incident. The jury found that the city used excessive force and violated the members' constitutional protection against unreasonable search and seizure. On the 25th Anniversary of the 1985 Police bombing, the Philadelphia Inquirer created a detailed multimedia site containing retrospective articles, archived articles, videos, interviews, photos, and a timeline of the events.
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire ranks 44th in land area, 46th in total area of the 50 states, and 41st in population.
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New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
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Newry
Newry (pronounced ; – often shortened to an tIúr) is the fourth-largest city in Northern Ireland and the ninth largest on the island of Ireland as a whole. The River Clanrye, which runs through the city, forms the historic border between County Armagh and County Down: Newry was included entirely in the latter by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. It is from Belfast and from Dublin. Newry had a population of approximately 27,430 at the 2001 Census, while Newry and Mourne Council Area had a population of 87,058. Newry was founded in 1144 alongside a Cistercian monastery and is one of Northern Ireland's oldest towns.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
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Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,
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Ontario
Ontario is a Province of Canada located in the east-central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area, (Nunavut and the Northwest Territories are larger in area, but they are not provinces.) The province's largest metropolitan area and Canada's most populous city, Toronto, is the capital city of Ontario. The national capital of Canada, Ottawa, is located in Ontario as well.
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Oxford University
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Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania () is a U.S. state and Commonwealth located in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to the east. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg.
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Rome
Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
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Rwanda
The Republic of Rwanda (, , or in English, or in Kinyarwanda) is a unitary republic of central and eastern Africa. It borders Uganda to the north; Tanzania to the east; Burundi to the south; and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Rwanda is landlocked but is noted for its lakes, particularly Lake Kivu, which occupies the floor of the Rift Valley along most of the country's western border. Although close to the equator, the country has a temperate climate due to its high elevation, with the highest point being Mount Karisimbi. The terrain consists of mountains and gently rolling hills, with plains and swamps in the east. Abundant wildlife, including rare mountain gorillas, have led to a fast-growing tourism sector. The largest cities in Rwanda are Kigali, Gitarama, and Butare. Unlike many African countries, Rwanda is home to only one significant ethnic and linguistic group, the Banyarwanda. The country is well known for its native styles of dance, particularly the Intore dance, and for its drummers. Kinyarwanda, English and French are the official languages.
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Santiago, Chile
Santiago de Chile, (), is the capital and largest city of Chile, and the center of its largest conurbation (Greater Santiago). It is located in the country's central valley, at an elevation of above mean sea level. Although Santiago is the capital, legislative bodies meet in the coastal town of Valparaíso, a one-hour drive to its west.
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Schutzstaffel
The Schutzstaffel (, Protection Squadron), abbreviated SS—or with stylized "Armanen" Sig runes —was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Built upon the Nazi ideology, the SS, under Heinrich Himmler's command, was responsible for many of the crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Nazis during World War II, and most of the particularly egregious ones.
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Seattle
Seattle ( ) is the northernmost major city in the contiguous United States, and the largest city in the Pacific Northwest and in the state of Washington. A seaport situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about south of the Canada – United States border, it is named after Chief Sealth "Seattle", of the Duwamish and Suquamish native tribes. Seattle is the center of the Seattle–Tacoma–Bellevue metropolitan statistical area, the 15th largest in the United States, and the largest in the northwestern United States. Seattle is the county seat of King County and is the major economic, cultural and educational center in the region. , the city's population was approximately 617,000 within a metropolitan area of some 3.4 million inhabitants. The Port of Seattle and Seattle–Tacoma International Airport are major gateways to Asia, Alaska, and the rest of the world.
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Seychelles
Seychelles ( ; French: ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (; Creole: Repiblik Sesel), is an island country spanning an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, some east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar.
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Siam
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Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai; ''sīnā'a''; Hebrew סיני) is a triangular peninsula in Egypt which is about . It lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and the Red Sea to the south, and is the only part of Egyptian territory located in Asia as opposed to Africa. In addition to its formal name, Egyptians also refer to it affectionately as the "Land of Fayrouz", based on the Ancient Egyptian "Dumafkat", which has the same meaning. The peninsula is divided into two Egyptian governorates, and has a population of approximately 1.3 million people.
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SM City North EDSA
At 460,000 square meters, SM City North Edsa is the largest mall in the Philippines, and world’s second biggest in terms of leasable area, and it is operated by SM Prime Holdings, a local holding company in the Philippines, the biggest retail and mall operator in Southeast Asia. Located at the intersection of North and Epifanio Delos Santos avenues in Quezon City.
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South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an independent country wholly surrounded by South African territory.
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South London
South London is the southern part of London, England. It is an imprecise description and the area it covers is defined differently for a range of purposes. Common to these definitions is that it includes all districts located south of the River Thames and is used in comparison with North London.
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, , abbreviated СССР, SSSR), informally known as the Soviet Union () or Soviet Russia, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
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Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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Sweden
Sweden (pronounced , ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and water borders with Denmark, Germany, and Poland to the south, and Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia to the east. Sweden is also connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.
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Tunis
Tunis (, Tūnis) is the capital of Tunisia and also the Tunis Governorate, with a population of 1,200,000 in 2008 and over 3,980,500 in the greater Tunis area. It is Tunisia's largest city.
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U.S.
http://wn.com/US -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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USA
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Valparaíso
Valparaíso () is a city and commune of Chile, center of its third largest conurbation (Greater Valparaíso) and one of the country's most important seaports and an increasing cultural center in the Southwest Pacific hemisphere. The city is the capital of the Valparaíso Province and the Valparaíso Region. Although Santiago is Chile's official capital, the National Congress of Chile was established in the city in 1990.
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Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales to the north, South Australia to the west, and Tasmania to the south, across Bass Strait. Victoria is the most densely populated state, and has a highly centralised population, with almost 75% of Victorians living in Melbourne, the state capital and largest city. Approximately 30,000 Indigenous Australians are estimated to have lived in the area, before European settlement in Victoria began in the 1830s. The discovery of gold in 1851 at Ballarat and Warrandyte transformed it into a leading industrial and commercial centre.
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Vienna
Vienna (; ; ) is the capital of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million (2.3 million within the metropolitan area, more than 25% of Austria's population), and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 10th largest city by population in the European Union. Vienna is host to many major international organizations such as the United Nations and OPEC.
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Western Sahara
Western Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الغربية, Berber: Taneẓṛuft Tutrimt, ) is a disputed territory in North Africa, bordered by Morocco to the north, Algeria to the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Its surface area amounts to . It is one of the most sparsely populated territories in the world, mainly consisting of desert flatlands. The population of the territory is estimated at just over 500,000, over half of whom live in El Aaiun, the largest city in Western Sahara.
http://wn.com/Western_Sahara
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RELEASE
ALBUMS
- The Blue-Purple Failure
- Journal
- The Leash
- Bow (Interrupted)
- Sailor
- Olive
- Benches & Bridges
- From the top of the A Framing
- All Is Sun
- Eulogy For An Invisible Fly
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Bowling For Soup - 1985
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Published: 24 Nov 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Jan 2012
- Author: BowlingForSoupVEVO
Music video by Bowling For Soup performing 1985. (C) 2004 Zomba Recording LLC
http://wn.com/Bowling_For_Soup__1985
1985 - Lyrics - Bowling For Soup
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:13
- Published: 17 May 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Jan 2012
- Author: xmwhahahahax
Song: 1985 Artist: Bowling For Soup I do not own anything in this video.
http://wn.com/1985__Lyrics__Bowling_For_Soup
YouTube in 1985 (collab)
Isn't it amazing YouTube survived so many years without the internet? SUBSCRIBE for more on YouTube: ow.ly TWITTER: twitter.com FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com The backstory on this video: www.mattkoval.com Please visit my collaborators! www.youtube.com www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/YouTube_in_1985_collab
1985 #1 songs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Published: 29 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 26 Jan 2012
- Author: idolwatcher0
27 songs hit #1 in the US in 1985. Clips of the number ones are shown in chronological order...
http://wn.com/1985_#1_songs
Nineteen Hundred and Eighty Five by Paul McCartney and Wings
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:37
- Published: 18 Mar 2008
- Uploaded: 26 Jan 2012
- Author: Beatlemania1962
Beautiful song by Paul McCartney and Wings
http://wn.com/Nineteen_Hundred_and_Eighty_Five_by_Paul_McCartney_and_Wings
opus - life is live 1985
This one is the concept video, featuring the band as pseudo-punk stereotypes.
http://wn.com/opus__life_is_live_1985
Bowling For Soup - 1985 with lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:00
- Published: 13 Mar 2009
- Uploaded: 25 Jan 2012
- Author: BowlingForSoupTunes
I'm not the owner of the audio used in this video. Song - 1985 Band - Bowling For Soup Please comment & rate! Subscribe! For the official video go to: www.youtube.com Lyrics: Woohoohoo Woohoohoo Debbie just hit the wall She never had it all One Prozac a day Husband's a CPA Her dreams went out the door When she turned twenty four Only been with one man What happen to her plan? She was gonna be an actress She was gonna be a star She was gonna shake her ass On the hood of white snakes car Her yellow SUV is now the enemy Looks at her average life And nothing has been alright since Bruce Springsteen, Madonna Way before Nirvana There was U2 and Blondie And music still on MTV Her two kids in high school They tell her that shes uncool Cause she's still preoccupied With 19, 19, 1985 Woohoohoo (1985) Woohoohoo Shes seen all the classics She knows every line Breakfast Club, Pretty in Pink Even Saint Elmos Fire She rocked out to Wham Not a big Limp Bizkit fan Thought shed get a hand On a member of Duran Duran Wheres the mini-skirt made of snake skin And whos the other guy that's singing in Van Halen When did reality become TV Whatever happened to sitcoms, game shows (on the radio was) Springsteen, Madonna Way before Nirvana There was U2 and Blondie And music still on MTV Her two kids in high school They tell her that shes uncool Cause she's still preoccupied With 19, 19, 1985 Woohoohoo She hates time make it stop When did Motley Crue become classic rock? And when did Ozzy become an <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Bowling_For_Soup__1985_with_lyrics
Commando (1985) Full Movie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 90:17
- Published: 28 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 25 Jan 2012
- Author: Iamthe80sguy
Directed by Mark L. Lester Produced by Joel Silver Screenplay by Steven E. de Souza Story by Steven E. de Souza Joseph Loeb III Matthew Weisman Starring Arnold Schwarzenegger Rae Dawn Chong Dan Hedaya Vernon Wells Alyssa Milano Bill Duke David Patrick Kelly James Olson Music by James Horner Cinematography Matthew F. Leonetti Editing by Glenn Farr Mark Goldblatt John F. Link Studio Silver Pictures Distributed by 20th Century Fox Release date(s) October 4, 1985 (1985-10-04) Running time 90 minutes Country United States Language English Commando is a 1985 American action film starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, Vernon Wells, Rae Dawn Chong, Alyssa Milano, Bill Duke, Dan Hedaya and James Olson. It was directed by Mark L. Lester and shot on location in and around Los Angeles, California. Retired Special Forces operative John Matrix (Schwarzenegger) is informed by Major General Franklin Kirby (Olson) that all the other members of his unit have been killed by unknown mercenaries. Despite being given protection, the mercenaries attack Matrix's secluded mountain home and kill the guards, kidnapping his daughter Jenny (Milano) in the process. Matrix gives chase, but he's also captured when he gets into a fight with a couple of the thugs, and is shot by Bennett (Wells), who was believed to have been assassinated also, with a tranquilizer gun, knocking him unconscious. Bennett explains that Matrix is needed to carry out a political assassination for Arius (Hedaya) (who calls himself "El <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Commando_1985_Full_Movie
Phil Collins - Against All Odds - Live Aid 1985 - London, England
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Published: 20 Aug 2006
- Uploaded: 27 Jan 2012
- Author: miner2049er
Phil Collins performing "Against All Odds (Take A Look At Me Now)" during Live Aid, Wembley Stadium, London, England, July 13, 1985. (from bumnote.com)
http://wn.com/Phil_Collins__Against_All_Odds__Live_Aid_1985__London,_England
The Matrix - Twilight Zone 1985
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:03
- Published: 05 Nov 2008
- Uploaded: 26 Jan 2012
- Author: newtimesscarytimes
This is a short episode from The Twilight Zone series - 1985. It shows The Matrix almost 15 years before the movie.
http://wn.com/The_Matrix__Twilight_Zone_1985
Opus - Live is life 2008 (1985)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:34
- Published: 11 Jun 2008
- Uploaded: 25 Jan 2012
- Author: fritz51171
Opus - Live is Life 2008 Original von 1985 Nanananana Nanananana (all together now) Nanananana Nanananana Life (nanananana) Life is life (nanananana) Labadab dab dab life (nanananana) Life is life (nanananana) When we all give the power We all give the best Every minute...
http://wn.com/Opus__Live_is_life_2008_1985
Paul Hardcastle - 19
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Published: 16 May 2007
- Uploaded: 26 Jan 2012
- Author: explodingfirst
Video from 1985. No. 1 hit in the 80's. Produced by Mike Oldfield. Good quality, DVD rip.
http://wn.com/Paul_Hardcastle__19
Waterboys • The Whole of the Moon • 1985 Concert
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:00
- Published: 01 Jun 2007
- Uploaded: 26 Jan 2012
- Author: txemaprada
The Whole of the Moon ----------------------- I pictured a rainbow You held in your hands I had flashes But you saw then plan I wondered out in the world for years While you just stayed in your room I saw the crescent You saw the whole of the moon! The whole of the moon! You were there at the turnstiles With the wind at your heels You stretched for the stars And you know how it feels To reach too high Too far Too soon You saw the whole of the moon! I was grounded While you filled the skies I was dumbfounded by truths You cut through lies I saw the rain-dirty valley You saw brigadoon I saw the crescent You saw the whole of the moon! I spoke about wings You just flew I wondered, I guessed, and I tried You just knew I sighed But you swooned I saw the crescent You saw the whole of the moon! The whole of the moon! With a torch in your pocket And the wind at your heels You climbed on the ladder And you know how it feels To reach too high Too far Too soon You saw the whole of the moon! The whole of the moon! Unicorns and cannonballs, Palaces and piers, Trumpets, towers, and tenemets, Wide oceans full of tears, Flag, rags, ferry boats, Scimitars and scarves, Every precious dream and vision Underneath the stars You climbed on the ladder With the wind in your sails You came like a comet Blazing your trail Too high Too far Too soon You saw the whole of the moon!
http://wn.com/Waterboys_•_The_Whole_of_the_Moon_•_1985_Concert
Rick Nelson Garden Party 1985
Video from concert in August of 1985.
http://wn.com/Rick_Nelson_Garden_Party_1985
The Breakfast Club
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 97:28
- Published: 04 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
- Author: universalmoviesuk
Emilio Estevez, Molly Ringwald, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson and Ally Sheedy are five students in Saturday detention with nothing in common� except each other.
http://wn.com/The_Breakfast_Club
QUEEN Live Aid 1985. Upscaled retouched 16:9 video, great audio. Best quality yet (june 2011).
This video of the legendary gig Queen did at live aid 1985 has been uploaded many times, but the quality was poor most of the times I've seen it, and often split into 3 videos. So here is the dvd source, 1 single 21 minute video, upscaled to 720p, and slightly cropped and stretched to fit the 16:9 standard, adding some sharpness and noise reduction. It's not bluray quality at all, but I believe it's the best available from this historic event. Tho I am more jazz-funk orientated, I do agree this is the best live gig in rock history, ever. Enjoy :) ps. If anyone has any idea wether the original recording reels are still available at some dungeon at the bbc , or any info if it will ever be released in true HiDef, I sure would like to know ;) Guess that is wishfull thinking tho :) Line up: -Freddie Mercury / lead vocals, piano -John Deacon / bass, vocals ( a little ;)) -Roger Taylor / drums, vocals -Brian May / guitars, vocals -Spike Edney / additional guitar, keyboards Offcourse I don't have the rights to this video, but it was about time a good 16:9 quality version was uploaded.
http://wn.com/QUEEN_Live_Aid_1985_Upscaled_retouched_169_video,_great_audio_Best_quality_yet_june_2011
Judas Priest Live Aid 1985 - Green Manalishi
Judas Priest Live Aid 1985 Green Manalishi
http://wn.com/Judas_Priest_Live_Aid_1985__Green_Manalishi
SIMPLE MINDS - "Don't You" - Live Aid 1985
The Simple Minds performing Don't You (Forget About Me) in Philadelphia at Live Aid, July 13th 1985
http://wn.com/SIMPLE_MINDS__Don't_You__Live_Aid_1985
Engelbert Humperdinck - Please release me 1985
Engelbert Humperdinck - Release me 1985 Released 1966 Please release me, let me go, For I don't love you anymore. To live a lie would be a sin. Release me and let me love again. I have found a new love, dear. And I will always want her near. Her lips are warm while your's are cold. Release me, my darling, let me go. Please release me, let me go, For I don't love you anymore. To live a lie would be a sin. So release me and let me love again. Please release me can you see You'd be a fool to cling to me To live a lie would bring us pain Release me and let me love again (let me go, let me love)
http://wn.com/Engelbert_Humperdinck__Please_release_me_1985
Steve Davis vs Dennis Taylor World Championship Final 1985
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:23
- Published: 22 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 24 Jan 2012
- Author: pinkisntwell2
Fantastic summary of the 1985 final.
http://wn.com/Steve_Davis_vs_Dennis_Taylor_World_Championship_Final_1985
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NASA / NASA![Port Morris Junction and rail yard with the Cut-Off (the straight line going towards the upper right [west]) and the NJ Transit line to Hackettstown (line curving off to the left [south]) in this aerial photo from 1985.](http://web.archive.org./web/20120309083339im_/http://cdn2.wn.com/pd/a0/3f/997be887133ebdd6f17b24ed3093_small.jpg "Port Morris Junction and rail yard with the Cut-Off (the straight line going towards the upper right [west]) and the NJ Transit line to Hackettstown (line curving off to the left [south]) in this aerial photo from 1985.")
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![Port Morris Junction and rail yard with the Cut-Off (the straight line going towards the upper right [west]) and the NJ Transit line to Hackettstown (line curving off to the left [south]) in this aerial photo from 1985.](http://web.archive.org./web/20120309083339/http://cdn6.wn.com/pd/a0/3f/997be887133ebdd6f17b24ed3093_medium.jpg "Port Morris Junction and rail yard with the Cut-Off (the straight line going towards the upper right [west]) and the NJ Transit line to Hackettstown (line curving off to the left [south]) in this aerial photo from 1985.")
photo: Creative Commons / Apcbg
08 Mar 2012
Falkland Islanders are still bristling over the invasion by Argentina 30 years ago, but they're not complaining about its aftermath. The April 2, 1982, invasion led by Argentina's dictators and the...
photo: AP / Kirsty Wigglesworth
07 Mar 2012
Arsenal scored three first-half goals but could not complete an epic comeback against AC Milan, who held on to reach the Champions League quarter-finals. Milan, leading 4-0 from the first leg, were...
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Asahi News
A huge trade deficit brought...(size: 0.2Kb)
Kotaku
When you hear the term 'gamer' these days it's...(size: 0.3Kb)
1985 - 2010: New dynamics drive change
29 Feb 2012
Rocky Mount Telegram
Following the pace of technological advances in the last 25 years, changes in all areas of society have been rampant. In 1985, computers were cost-prohibitive mammoths that few people had access to. Twenty-five years later, netbooks weighing around 2 pounds are popular among all generations and...(size: 19.2Kb)
IMDb
Originally published in the Guardian on 28 February 1985 The controller of BBC 1, Mr Michael Grade, may well be longing by this morning to...(size: 0.9Kb)
Overdrawn at the Memory Bank (1985): A Review
27 Feb 2012
The Examiner
Last night saw the broadcast of the 84th Academy Awards, with The Artist taking home the Oscar for Best Picture. Whether The Artist goes on to become a cinematic classic, or an underserved winner of one of cinema's most prestigious awards is neither here nor there. History will decide whether it...(size: 10.8Kb)
>Thomas E. Hank Sr., retired in 1985 from Sunoco Products as personnel manager - Obituaries today
24 Feb 2012
Penn Live
...(size: 0.0Kb)
STL Today
A fire that killed three northwest Missouri residents in 1985 is getting another look from law enforcement officers. The fire outside Phelps City was originally ruled an accident....(size: 1.2Kb)
1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year that started on a Tuesday, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The year 1985 was declared ''International Youth Year'' by the United Nations.
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
World population
{|class="wikitable" !colspan="7"|World population |- ! !1985 !colspan="2"|1980 !colspan="2"|1990 |- ! |align="right"|4,830,979,000 |align="right"|4,434,682,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|5,263,593,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|541,814,000 |align="right"|469,618,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|622,443,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|2,887,552,000 |align="right"|2,632,335,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|3,167,807,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|706,009,000 |align="right"|692,431,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|721,582,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|401,469,000 |align="right"|361,401,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|441,525,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|269,456,000 |align="right"|256,068,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|283,549,000 |align="right"| |- ! |align="right"|24,678,000 |align="right"|22,828,000 |align="right"| |align="right"|26,687,000 |align="right"| |}
Births
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Deaths
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
Nobel Prizes
Templeton Prize
Right Livelihood Award
References
af:1985 am:1985 እ.ኤ.አ. ar:ملحق:1985 an:1985 roa-rup:1985 frp:1985 ast:1985 gn:1985 av:1985 ay:1985 az:1985 bn:১৯৮৫ zh-min-nan:1985 nî map-bms:1985 be:1985 be-x-old:1985 bh:१९८५ bcl:1985 bs:1985 br:1985 bg:1985 ca:1985 cv:1985 cs:1985 cbk-zam:1985 co:1985 cy:1985 da:1985 pdc:1985 de:1985 et:1985 el:1985 myv:1985 ие es:1985 eo:1985 eu:1985 fa:۱۹۸۵ (میلادی) hif:1985 fo:1985 fr:1985 fy:1985 fur:1985 ga:1985 gv:1985 gd:1985 gl:1985 gan:1985年 xal:1985 җил ko:1985년 hy:1985 hi:१९८५ hr:1985. io:1985 ig:1985 ilo:1985 bpy:মারি ১৯৮৫ id:1985 ia:1985 os:1985-æм аз is:1985 it:1985 he:1985 jv:1985 kn:೧೯೮೫ pam:1985 krc:1985 джыл ka:1985 csb:1985 kk:1985 kw:1985 sw:1985 kv:1985 во ht:1985 (almanak gregoryen) ku:1985 la:1985 lv:1985. gads lb:1985 lt:1985 m. lij:1985 li:1985 ln:1985 jbo:1985moi lmo:1985 hu:1985 mk:1985 ml:1985 mi:1985 mr:इ.स. १९८५ arz:1985 ms:1985 nah:1985 nl:1985 nds-nl:1985 ja:1985年 nap:1985 no:1985 nn:1985 nrm:1985 nov:1985 oc:1985 mhr:1985 uz:1985 pa:੧੯੮੫ pi:१९८५ pag:1985 pnb:1985 pap:1985 pms:1985 tpi:1985 nds:1985 pl:1985 pt:1985 ty:1985 ksh:Joohr 1985 ro:1985 qu:1985 rue:1985 ru:1985 год sah:1985 se:1985 stq:1985 sq:1985 scn:1985 simple:1985 sk:1985 sl:1985 so:1985 ckb:١٩٨٥ sr:1985 sh:1985 su:1985 fi:1985 sv:1985 tl:1985 ta:1985 tt:1985 ел te:1985 tet:1985 th:พ.ศ. 2528 tg:1985 tr:1985 tk:1985 udm:1985 ар uk:1985 ur:1985ء vec:1985 vi:1985 vo:1985 fiu-vro:1985 wa:1985 zh-classical:一九八五年 vls:1985 war:1985 yi:1985 yo:1985 zh-yue:1985年 bat-smg:1985 zh:1985年This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Sir Paul McCartneyMBE |
|---|---|
| birth name | James Paul McCartney |
| background | solo_singer |
| alt | Black-and-white image of McCartney, in his sixties, holding an electric bass. He wears a black buttoned-up suit jacket with black pants. |
| birth name | James Paul McCartney |
| born | June 18, 1942Liverpool, England |
| instrument | Vocals,Bass guitar,guitar, piano, organ, mellotron, keyboards, drums, ukulele, mandolin, recorder |
| genre | Rock, pop, psychedelic rock, experimental rock, rock and roll, hard rock, classical music |
| occupation | Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, composer, film producer, painter, activist, businessman |
| years active | 1957–present |
| label | Hear Music, Apple, Parlophone, Capitol, Columbia, Concord Music Group, EMI, One Little Indian, Vee-Jay |
| associated acts | The Quarrymen, The Beatles, Wings, The Fireman, Linda McCartney, John Lennon, Denny Laine |
| website | |
| notable instruments | Höfner 500/1Rickenbacker 4001SGibson Les PaulEpiphone TexanEpiphone CasinoFender EsquireFender Jazz BassYamaha BB1200 BassWal 5-String BassMartin D-28 }} |
McCartney gained worldwide fame as a member of The Beatles, alongside John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. McCartney and Lennon formed one of the most influential and successful songwriting partnerships and wrote some of the most popular songs in the history of rock music. After leaving The Beatles, McCartney launched a successful solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda Eastman, and singer-songwriter Denny Laine. McCartney is listed in ''Guinness World Records'' as the "most successful musician and composer in popular music history", with 60 gold discs and sales of 100 million singles in the United Kingdom.
BBC News Online readers named McCartney the "greatest composer of the millennium", and BBC News cites his Beatles song "Yesterday" as the most covered song in the history of recorded music—by over 2,200 artists—and since its 1965 release, has been played more than 7,000,000 times on American television and radio according to the BBC. Wings' 1977 single "Mull of Kintyre" became the first single to sell more than two million copies in the UK, and remains the UK's top selling non-charity single. Based on the 93 weeks his compositions have spent at the top spot of the UK chart, and 24 number one singles to his credit, McCartney is the most successful songwriter in UK singles chart history. As a performer or songwriter, McCartney was responsible for 31 number one singles on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart in the United States, and has sold 15.5 million RIAA certified albums in the US alone.
McCartney has composed film scores, classical and electronic music, released a large catalogue of songs as a solo artist, and has taken part in projects to help international charities. He is an advocate for animal rights, for vegetarianism, and for music education; he is active in campaigns against landmines, seal hunting, and Third World debt. He is a keen football fan, supporting both Everton and Liverpool football clubs. His company MPL Communications owns the copyrights to more than 3,000 songs, including all of the songs written by Buddy Holly, along with the publishing rights to such musicals as ''Guys and Dolls'', ''A Chorus Line'', and ''Grease''. McCartney is one of the UK's wealthiest people, with an estimated fortune of £475 million in 2010.
Childhood
McCartney was born in Walton Hospital in Liverpool, England, where his mother, Mary (née Mohan), had worked as a nurse in the maternity ward. He has one brother, Michael, born 7 January 1944. McCartney was baptised Roman Catholic but was raised non-denominationally: his mother was Roman Catholic and his father James, or "Jim" McCartney, was a Protestant turned agnostic.
In 1947, he began attending Stockton Wood Road Primary School. He then attended the Joseph Williams Junior School and passed the 11-plus exam in 1953 with three others out of the 90 examinees, thus gaining admission to the Liverpool Institute. In 1954, while taking the bus from his home in the suburb of Speke to the Institute, he met George Harrison, who lived nearby. Passing the exam meant that McCartney and Harrison could go to a grammar school rather than a secondary modern school, which the majority of pupils attended until they were eligible to work, but as grammar school pupils, they had to find new friends.
In 1955, the McCartney family moved to 20 Forthlin Road in Allerton. Mary McCartney rode a bicycle to houses where she was needed as a midwife, and an early McCartney memory is of her leaving when it was snowing heavily. On 31 October 1956, Mary McCartney died of an embolism after a mastectomy operation to stop the spread of her breast cancer. The early loss of his mother later connected McCartney with John Lennon, whose mother Julia died after being struck by a car when Lennon was 17.
McCartney's father was a trumpet player and pianist who had led Jim Mac's Jazz Band in the 1920s and encouraged his two sons to be musical. Jim had an upright piano in the front room that he had bought from Epstein's North End Music Stores. McCartney's grandfather, Joe McCartney, played an E-flat tuba. Jim McCartney used to point out the different instruments in songs on the radio, and often took McCartney to local brass band concerts. McCartney's father gave him a nickel-plated trumpet, but when skiffle music became popular, McCartney swapped the trumpet for a £15 Framus Zenith (model 17) acoustic guitar. As he was left-handed, McCartney found right-handed guitars difficult to play, but when he saw a poster advertising a Slim Whitman concert, he realised that Whitman played left-handed with his guitar strung the opposite way to a right-handed player. McCartney wrote his first song ("I Lost My Little Girl") on the Zenith, and also played his father's Framus Spanish guitar when writing early songs with Lennon. He later learned to play the piano and wrote his second song, "When I'm Sixty-Four". On his father's advice, he took music lessons, but since he preferred to learn 'by ear' he never paid much attention to them.
McCartney was heavily influenced by American Rhythm and Blues music. He has stated that Little Richard was his idol when he was in school and that the first song he ever sang in public was "Long Tall Sally", at a Butlins holiday camp talent competition.
Musical career
1957–1960
At the age of 15, McCartney met John Lennon and The Quarrymen at the St. Peter's Church Hall fête in Woolton on 6 July 1957. He formed a close working relationship with Lennon and they collaborated writing many songs. Harrison joined the group in early 1958 as lead guitarist, followed in early 1960 by Lennon's art school friend, Stuart Sutcliffe on bass. By May 1960, they had tried several new names, including "Johnny and the Moondogs" and "The Silver Beetles", playing a tour of Scotland under that name with Johnny Gentle. They finally changed the name of the group to "The Beatles" in mid-August 1960 and recruited Pete Best at short-notice to become their drummer for an imminent engagement in Hamburg.
1960–1970: The Beatles
From August 1960, The Beatles were booked by Allan Williams, to perform at a club in Hamburg. During extended stays over the next two years, The Beatles performed as a resident group in a number of Hamburg clubs. On returns to Liverpool they played at the Cavern club. Prior to the end of the residency, Sutcliffe left the band, so McCartney, reluctantly, became The Beatles' bass player. The Beatles recorded their first published musical material in Hamburg, performing as the backing group for Tony Sheridan on the single "My Bonnie". This recording later brought the Beatles to the attention of a key figure in their subsequent development and commercial success, Brian Epstein, who became their next manager. Epstein eventually negotiated a record contract for the group with Parlophone in May 1962. After replacing Best with Ringo Starr on drums, The Beatles became popular in the UK in 1963 and in the US in 1964. In 1965, they were each appointed Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE). After performing concerts, plays, and tours almost non-stop for a period of nearly four years, and giving more than one thousand four hundred live performances internationally, The Beatles gave their last commercial concert at the end of their 1966 US tour. They continued to work in the recording studio from 1966 until their break-up in 1970. In the eight years from 1962 to 1970, the group had released twenty-four UK singles and twelve studio albums, often released in different configurations in the USA and other countries (see discography).
Since 1970
After the break-up of The Beatles, McCartney continued his musical career, in solo work as well as in collaborations with other musicians. After releasing his solo album ''McCartney'' in 1970, he worked with Linda McCartney to record the album ''Ram'' in 1971. Later the same year, the pair were joined by guitarist Denny Laine and drummer Denny Seiwell to form the group Wings, which was active between 1971 and 1981 and released numerous successful singles and albums (see discography). McCartney also collaborated with a number of other popular artists including Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, Eric Stewart, and Elvis Costello. In 1985, McCartney played "Let It Be" at the Live Aid concert in London, backed by Bob Geldof, Pete Townshend, David Bowie, and Alison Moyet.In 1989, he joined forces with fellow Merseysiders including Gerry Marsden of Gerry and the Pacemakers and Holly Johnson of Frankie Goes to Hollywood to record a new version of Ferry Cross the Mersey (originally recorded 25 years earlier by Gerry and the Pacemakers) to generate money for the appeal fund of the Hillsborough disaster, which occurred on 15 April that year and in which 96 Liverpool F.C. fans died as a result of their injuries.
The 1990s saw McCartney venture into orchestral music, and in 1991 the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Society commissioned a musical piece by McCartney to celebrate its sesquicentennial.
He collaborated with Carl Davis to release ''Liverpool Oratorio''; involving the opera singers Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, Sally Burgess, Jerry Hadley and Willard White, with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and the choir of Liverpool Cathedral. The Prince of Wales later honoured McCartney as a Fellow of The Royal College of Music and Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music (2008). Other forays into classical music included ''Standing Stone'' (1997), ''Working Classical'' (1999), and ''Ecce Cor Meum'' (2006). It was announced in the 1997 New Year Honours that McCartney was to be knighted for services to music, becoming Sir Paul McCartney. In 1999, McCartney was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist and in May 2000, he was awarded a Fellowship by the British Academy of Composers and Songwriters. The 1990s also saw McCartney, Harrison, and Starr working together on Apple's ''The Beatles Anthology'' documentary series.
Having witnessed the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks from the JFK airport tarmac, McCartney took a lead role in organising The Concert for New York City. In November 2002, on the first anniversary of George Harrison's death, McCartney performed at the Concert for George. He has also participated in the National Football League's Super Bowl, performing in the pre-game show for Super Bowl XXXVI and headlining the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXIX.
McCartney has continued to work in the realms of popular and classical music, touring the world and performing at a large number of concerts and events; on more than one occasion he has performed again with Ringo Starr. In 2008, he received a BRIT award for Outstanding Contribution to Music and an honorary degree, Doctor of Music, from Yale University. The same year, he performed at a concert in Liverpool to celebrate the city's year as European Capital of Culture. In 2009, he received two nominations for the 51st annual Grammy awards, while in October of the same year he was named songwriter of the year at the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Awards. On 15 July 2009, more than 45 years after The Beatles first appeared on American television on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'', McCartney returned to the Ed Sullivan Theater and performed atop the marquee of ''Late Show with David Letterman''. McCartney was portrayed in the 2009 film ''Nowhere Boy'', about Lennon's teenage years, by Thomas Sangster.
On 2 June 2010, McCartney was honoured by Barack Obama with the Gershwin Prize for his contributions to popular music in a live show for the White House with performances by Stevie Wonder, Lang Lang and many others.
McCartney's enduring popularity has helped him schedule performances in new venues. He played three sold out concerts at newly-built Citi Field in Queens, New York (built to replace the Shea Stadium) in July 2009. On 18 August 2010, McCartney opened the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
McCartney has been touring since 2001 with guitarists Rusty Anderson and Brian Ray, Paul "Wix" Wickens on keyboards and drummer Abe Laboriel, Jr.
There are plans for an upcoming Paul McCartney tribute album with recordings of McCartney songs by Kiss, Garth Brooks, Billy Joel, B.B. King and others.
Creative outlets
During the 1960s, McCartney was often seen at major cultural events, such as the launch party for the ''International Times'' and at The Roundhouse (28 January and 4 February 1967 respectively). He also delved into the visual arts, becoming a close friend of leading art dealers and gallery owners, explored experimental film, and regularly attended movie, theatrical and classical music performances. His first contact with the London avant-garde scene was through John Dunbar, who introduced him to the art dealer Robert Fraser, who in turn introduced McCartney to an array of writers and artists. McCartney later became involved in the renovation and publicising of the Indica Gallery in Mason's Yard, London—John Lennon first met Yoko Ono at the Indica. The Indica Gallery brought McCartney into contact with Barry Miles, whose underground newspaper, the ''International Times'', McCartney helped to start. Miles would become ''de facto'' manager of the Apple's short-lived Zapple Records label, and wrote McCartney's official biography, ''Many Years From Now'' (1997).While living at the Asher house, McCartney took piano lessons at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, which The Beatles' producer Martin had previously attended. McCartney studied composers such as Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Luciano Berio. McCartney later wrote and released several pieces of modern classical music and ambient electronica, besides writing poetry and painting. McCartney is lead patron of the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts, an arts school in the building formerly occupied by the Liverpool Institute for Boys. The 1837 building, which McCartney attended during his schooldays, had become derelict by the mid-1980s. On 7 June 1996, Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the redeveloped building.
Electronic music
After the recording of "Yesterday" in 1965, McCartney contacted the BBC Radiophonic Workshop in Maida Vale, London, to see if they could record an electronic version of the song, but never followed it up. When visiting John Dunbar's flat in London, McCartney would take along tapes he had compiled at Jane Asher's house. The tapes were mixes of various songs, musical pieces and comments made by McCartney that he had Dick James make into a demo record for him. Heavily influenced by John Cage, he made tape loops by recording voices, guitars, and bongoes on a Brenell tape recorder, and splicing the various loops together. He reversed the tapes, sped them up, and slowed them down to create the effects he wanted, some of which were later used on Beatles' recordings, such as "Tomorrow Never Knows". McCartney referred to the tapes as "electronic symphonies".In the spring of 1966 McCartney rented a ground floor and basement flat from Ringo Starr at 34 Montagu Square, to be used as a small demo studio for spoken-word recordings by poets, writers (including William S. Burroughs) and avant-garde musicians. The Beatles' Apple Records then launched a sub-label, Zapple with Miles as its manager, ostensibly to release recordings of a similar aesthetic, although few releases would ultimately result as Apple and The Beatles slid into business and personal difficulties.
In 1995, McCartney recorded a radio series called "Oobu Joobu" for the American network Westwood One, which he described as being "wide-screen radio". During the 1990s, McCartney collaborated with Youth of Killing Joke under the name The Fireman, and released two ambient electronic albums: ''Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest'' (1993) and ''Rushes'' (1998). In 2000, he released an album titled ''Liverpool Sound Collage'' with Super Furry Animals and Youth, utilising the sound collage and musique concrète techniques that fascinated him in the mid-1960s. In 2005, he worked on a project with bootleg producer and remixer Freelance Hellraiser, consisting of remixed versions of songs from throughout his solo career which were released under the title ''Twin Freaks''. The Fireman's third album ''Electric Arguments'' was released on 25 November 2008. Unlike the first two Fireman albums, this one was more song-based in its structure. McCartney told ''L.A. Weekly'' in a January 2009, "Fireman is improvisational theatre ... I formalise it a bit to get it into the studio, and when I step up to a microphone, I have a vague idea of what I’m about to do. I usually have a song, and I know the melody and lyrics, and my performance is the only unknown."
Film
McCartney was interested in animated films as a child, and later had the financial resources to ask Geoff Dunbar to direct a short animated film called ''Rupert and the Frog Song'', in 1981. McCartney was the producer, he wrote the music and the script, and also added some of the character voices. McCartney wrote and starred in the 1984 film ''Give My Regards to Broad Street''. The film and soundtrack featured the popular hit "No More Lonely Nights", and the album reached No.1 in the UK, but the film did not do well commercially or critically. Roger Ebert awarded the film a single star and wrote, "You can safely skip the movie and proceed directly to the sound track." Dunbar worked again with McCartney on an animated film about the work of French artist Honoré Daumier, in 1992, which won both of them a Bafta award. They also worked on Tropic Island Hum, in 1997. In 1995, McCartney made a guest appearance in the Lisa the Vegetarian episode of The Simpsons, and directed a short documentary about The Grateful Dead.In May 2000, McCartney released ''Wingspan: An Intimate Portrait'', a retrospective documentary that features behind-the-scenes films and photographs that Paul and Linda McCartney (who had died in 1998) took of their family and bands. Interspersed throughout the 88 minute film is an interview by Mary McCartney with her father. Mary was the baby photographed inside McCartney's jacket on the back cover of his first solo album, ''McCartney'', and was one of the producers of the documentary.
Painting
In 1966, McCartney met art gallery-owner Robert Fraser, whose flat was visited by many well-known artists. McCartney met Andy Warhol, Claes Oldenburg, Peter Blake, and Richard Hamilton there, and learned about art appreciation. McCartney later started buying paintings by Magritte, and used Magritte's painting of an apple for the Apple Records logo. He now owns Magritte's easel and spectacles.McCartney's love of painting surfaced after watching artist Willem de Kooning paint, in Kooning's Long Island studio. McCartney took up painting in 1983. In 1999, he exhibited his paintings (featuring McCartney's portraits of John Lennon, Andy Warhol, and David Bowie) for the first time in Siegen, Germany, and included photographs by Linda. He chose the gallery because Wolfgang Suttner (local events organiser) was genuinely interested in his art, and the positive reaction led to McCartney showing his work in UK galleries. The first UK exhibition of McCartney's work was opened in Bristol, England with more than 50 paintings on display. McCartney had previously believed that "only people that had been to art school were allowed to paint"—as Lennon had.
In October 2000, Yoko Ono and McCartney presented art exhibitions in New York and London. McCartney said, "I've been offered an exhibition of my paintings at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool where John and I used to spend many a pleasant afternoon. So I'm really excited about it. I didn't tell anybody I painted for 15 years but now I'm out of the closet."
As an artist, Paul McCartney designed a series of six postage stamps issued by the Isle of Man Post on 1 July 2002. According to BBC News, McCartney seems to be the first major rock star in the world who is also known as a stamp designer.
Writing and poetry
When McCartney was young, his mother read him poems and encouraged him to read books. McCartney's father was interested in crosswords and invited the two young McCartneys (Paul and his brother Michael) to solve them with him, so as to increase their "word power". McCartney was later inspired—in his school years—by Alan Durband, who was McCartney's English literature teacher at the Liverpool Institute. Durband was a co-founder and fund-raiser at the Everyman Theatre in Liverpool, where Willy Russell also worked, and introduced McCartney to Geoffrey Chaucer's works. McCartney later took his A-level exams, but passed only one subject—Art.In 2001 McCartney published 'Blackbird Singing', a volume of poems, some of which were lyrics to his songs, and gave readings in Liverpool and New York City. Some of them were serious: "Here Today" (about Lennon) and some humorous ("Maxwell's Silver Hammer"). In the foreword of the book, McCartney explained that when he was a teenager, he had "an overwhelming desire" to have a poem of his published in the school magazine. He wrote something "deep and meaningful", but it was rejected, and he feels that he has been trying to get some kind of revenge ever since. His first "real poem" was about the death of his childhood friend, Ivan Vaughan.
In October 2005, McCartney released a children's book called ''High in the Clouds: An Urban Furry Tail''. In a press release publicising the book, McCartney said, "I have loved reading for as long as I can remember", singling out ''Treasure Island'' as a childhood favourite. McCartney collaborated with author Philip Ardagh and animator Geoff Dunbar to write the book.
Contact with fellow ex-Beatles
John Lennon
Although McCartney's post-Beatles relationship with John Lennon was troubled, they became close again briefly in 1974 and even played together for the only time since The Beatles split (see A Toot and a Snore in '74). In later years, the two grew apart again. McCartney would often call Lennon, but was never sure of what sort of reception he would get, such as when McCartney once called Lennon and was told, "You're all pizza and fairytales!" McCartney understood that he could not just phone Lennon and only talk about business, so they often talked about cats, baking bread, or babies. According to May Pang, during Lennon's "Lost Weekend" with her they planned to visit McCartney in New Orleans, where McCartney was recording the ''Venus and Mars'' album, but Lennon went back to Ono the day before the planned visit after Ono said she had a new cure for Lennon's smoking habit.In a 1980 interview, Lennon said that the last time he had seen McCartney was when they had watched the episode of ''Saturday Night Live'' (May 1976) in which Lorne Michaels had made his $3,000 cash offer to get Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr to reunite on the show. McCartney and Lennon had seriously considered going to the studio, but were too tired. This event was fictionalised in the 2000 television film ''Two of Us''. His last telephone call to Lennon, which was just before Lennon and Ono released ''Double Fantasy'', was friendly. During the call, Lennon said (laughing) to McCartney, "This housewife wants a career!" which referred to Lennon's househusband years, while looking after Sean Lennon. In 1984, McCartney said this about the phone call: "Yes. That is a nice thing, a consoling factor for me, because I do feel it was sad that we never actually sat down and straightened our differences out. But fortunately for me, the last phone conversation I ever had with him was really great, and we didn't have any kind of blow-up." Linda McCartney, speaking in the same 1984 interview stated: "I know that Paul was desperate to write with John again. And I know John was desperate to write. Desperate. People thought, well, he's taking care of Sean, he's a househusband and all that, but he wasn't happy. He couldn't write and it drove him crazy. And Paul could have helped him... easily."
;Reaction to Lennon's murder On the morning of 9 December 1980, McCartney awoke to the news that Lennon had been murdered outside his home in the Dakota building in New York. Lennon's death created a media frenzy around the surviving members of The Beatles. On the evening of 9 December, as McCartney was leaving an Oxford Street recording studio, he was surrounded by reporters and asked for his reaction to Lennon's death. He was later criticised for what appeared, when published, to be an utterly superficial response: "It's a drag". McCartney explained, "When John was killed somebody stuck a microphone at me and said: 'What do you think about it?' I said, 'It's a dra-a-ag' and meant it with every inch of melancholy I could muster. When you put that in print it says, 'McCartney in London today when asked for a comment on his dead friend said, "It's a drag."' It seemed a very flippant comment to make." McCartney was also to recall: }} In 1983, McCartney said: }} In a ''Playboy'' interview in 1984, McCartney said that he went home that night and watched the news on television—while sitting with all his children—and cried all evening.
McCartney carried on recording after the death of Lennon but did not play any live concerts for some time. He explained that this was because he was nervous that he would be "the next" to be murdered. This led to a disagreement with Denny Laine, who wanted to continue touring and subsequently left Wings, which McCartney disbanded in 1981. Also in June 1981, six months after Lennon's death, McCartney sang backup on George Harrison's tribute to Lennon, "All Those Years Ago", which also featured Ringo Starr on drums. McCartney would go on to record "Here Today", a tribute song to Lennon.
George Harrison
In 1977, Harrison had this to say about working with McCartney: "There were a lot of tracks though where I played bass...because what Paul would do, if he's written a song, he'd learn all the parts for Paul and then come in the studio and say, 'Do this.' He'd never give you the opportunity to come out with something. Paul would always help along when you'd done his ten songs—then when he got 'round to doing one of my songs, he would help. It was silly. It was very selfish, actually." While being interviewed circa 1988, Harrison said McCartney had recently mentioned the possibility of the two of them writing together, to which Harrison laughed, "I've only been there about 30 years in Paul's life and it's like now he wants to write with me."
In September 1980, Lennon said of Harrison and McCartney's working relationship: "I remember the day [Harrison] called to ask for help on "Taxman", one of his bigger songs. I threw in a few one-liners to help the song along, because that's what he asked for. He came to me because he could not go to Paul, because Paul would not have helped him at that period." Despite this statement, McCartney did contribute to the song, playing the track's guitar solo.
In late 2001, McCartney learned that Harrison was losing his battle with cancer. Upon Harrison's death on 29 November 2001, McCartney told ''Entertainment Tonight'', ''Access Hollywood'', ''Extra'', ''Good Morning America'', ''The Early Show'', ''MTV'', ''VH1'' and ''Today'' that George was like his "baby brother". Harrison spent his last days in a Hollywood Hills mansion that was once leased by McCartney. On the day Harrison died, McCartney said, "George was a fantastic guy...still laughing and joking...a very brave man...and I love him like...he's my brother." While guesting on ''Larry King Live'' alongside Ringo Starr, McCartney said of the last time he saw Harrison, "We just sat there stroking hands. And this is a guy, and, you know, you don't stroke hands with guys, like that, you know it was just beautiful. We just spent a couple of hours and it was really lovely it was like...a favourite memory of mine." On the first anniversary of Harrison's death, McCartney played Harrison's "Something" on a ukulele at the Concert for George.
Personal relationships
One of McCartney's first girlfriends, in 1959, was called Layla, a name he remembers being unusual in Liverpool at the time. Layla was slightly older than McCartney and used to ask him to baby-sit with her. Julie Arthur, another girlfriend, was Ted Ray's niece.
Dot Rhone
McCartney's first serious girlfriend in Liverpool was Dot Rhone, whom he met at the Casbah club in 1959. McCartney chose clothes and make-up for Rhone, and he paid for her to have her hair styled like Brigitte Bardot's. When McCartney first went to Hamburg with The Beatles, he wrote to Rhone regularly, and she accompanied Cynthia Lennon to Hamburg when The Beatles played there again in 1962. The couple had a three-year relationship, and were due to marry until Rhone's miscarriage.
Jane Asher
McCartney first met the British actress Jane Asher on 18 April 1963, when a photographer asked them to pose together at a Beatles performance at the Royal Albert Hall in London. The two began a relationship and McCartney took up residence with Asher at her parents' house at 57 Wimpole Street London, where he lived for nearly three years before the couple moved to McCartney's own house in St. John's Wood. McCartney wrote several songs while at the Ashers', including "Yesterday" and several inspired by Asher, among them "And I Love Her", "You Won't See Me", and "I'm Looking Through You". McCartney and Asher had a five-year relationship, and they planned to marry, but Asher broke off the engagement when she discovered McCartney had become involved with another woman, Francie Schwartz. However, Schwartz stated that McCartney and Asher had already broken up before the incident.
Linda McCartney
In 1969, McCartney married American photographer Linda Eastman, whom he described as the woman who gave him "the strength and courage to work again" after the break-up of The Beatles. The pair had met previously at a 1967 Georgie Fame concert at The Bag O'Nails club, during her UK assignment to take photographs of "Swinging Sixties" musicians in London. Paul and Linda were both vegetarian and supported the animal rights organisation People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. They had four children—Linda's daughter Heather (who was adopted by Paul), Mary, Stella and James—and remained married until Linda's death from breast cancer in 1998.
Heather Mills
In 2002, McCartney married Heather Mills, a former model and anti-landmines campaigner. The couple had a child, Beatrice, in 2003. They separated in May 2006 and were divorced in May 2008. Widespread animosity towards McCartney's wives was reported in 2004. "They [the British public] didn't like me giving up on Jane Asher", McCartney said. "I married a New York divorcee with a child, and at the time they didn't like that."
Nancy Shevell
McCartney has been dating New Yorker Nancy Shevell since November 2007. She is a member of the board of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority as well as vice president of a family-owned transportation conglomerate which owns New England Motor Freight. On 6 May 2011, it was reported that McCartney would wed Shevell.
Lifestyle
Drugs
McCartney's introduction to drugs started in Hamburg, Germany. The Beatles had to play for hours, and they were often given "Prellies" (Preludin) by German customers or by Astrid Kirchherr (whose mother bought them). McCartney would usually take one, but Lennon would often take four or five.McCartney remembered getting "very high" and giggling when The Beatles were introduced to cannabis by Bob Dylan in New York, in 1964. McCartney's use of cannabis became regular, and he was quoted as saying that any future Beatles' lyrics containing the words "high", or "grass" were written specifically as a reference to cannabis, as was the phrase "another kind of mind" in "Got to Get You into My Life". John Dunbar's flat at 29 Lennox Gardens, in London, became a regular hang-out for McCartney, where he talked to musicians, writers and artists, and smoked cannabis. In 1965, Barry Miles introduced McCartney to hash brownies by using a recipe for hash fudge he found in the Alice B. Toklas Cookbook. During the filming of ''Help!'', he occasionally smoked a spliff in the car on the way to the studio during filming, which often made him forget his lines. ''Help!'' director Dick Lester said that he overheard "two beautiful women" trying to cajole McCartney into taking heroin, but he refused.
McCartney's attitude about cannabis was made public in the 1960s, when he added his name to an advertisement in ''The Times'', on 24 July 1967, which asked for the legalisation of cannabis, the release of all prisoners imprisoned because of possession, and research into marijuana's medical uses. The advertisement was sponsored by a group called Soma and was signed by 65 people, including The Beatles, Epstein, RD Laing, 15 doctors, and two MPs.
McCartney was introduced to cocaine by Robert Fraser, and it was available during the recording of ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band''. He admitted that he used the drug multiple times for about a year but stopped because of the unpleasant comedown.
In 1967, on a sailing trip to Greece (with the idea of buying an island for the whole group) McCartney said everybody sat around and took LSD, although McCartney had first taken it with Tara Browne, in 1966. He took his second "acid trip" with Lennon on 21 March 1967 after a studio session. McCartney was the first British pop star to openly admit using LSD, in an interview in the now-defunct "Queen" magazine. His admission was followed by a TV interview in the UK on ITN on 19 June 1967, and when McCartney was asked about his admission of LSD use, he said:
McCartney was not arrested by Norman Pilcher's Drug Squad, as had been Donovan, and several members of the Rolling Stones. In 1972, however, police found cannabis plants growing on his Scottish farm.
On 16 January 1980, Wings went to Tokyo for 11 concerts in Japan. As McCartney was going through customs, officials found 7.7 ounces (218.3 g) of cannabis in his luggage. He was arrested and taken to a Tokyo prison while the Japanese government decided what to do. McCartney had been previously denied a visa to Japan (in 1975) because he had been convicted twice in Europe for possession of cannabis. Public figures called for McCartney to be put on trial for drug-smuggling. Had he been convicted, he would have faced up to seven years in prison. The Wings Japanese tour was cancelled and the other members of Wings left Japan. After ten days in jail, McCartney was released and deported. He was told that he would not be welcome in Japan again, although a decade later he played a concert in Tokyo. In 1984, Paul and Linda McCartney were both arrested for possession of cannabis.
In an interview in 2004 he stated the he no longer smoked marijuana, He also admitted to taking Heroin, LSD and Cocaine but said his drug use was never excessive.
Meditation
On 24 August 1967, McCartney met the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi at the London Hilton, and later went to Bangor, in North Wales, to attend a weekend 'initiation' conference, at which time he and the other Beatles learned Transcendental Meditation (TM). "The whole meditation experience was very good and I still use the mantra. . . I find it soothing and I can imagine that the more you were to get into it, the more interesting it would get." The time McCartney later spent in India at the Maharishi's ashram was highly productive, as practically all of the songs that would later be recorded for ''The White Album'' and ''Abbey Road'' were composed there by McCartney, Lennon, or both together. Although McCartney was told that he was never to repeat the mantra to anyone else, he did tell Linda McCartney, and said he meditated a lot while he was in jail in Japan. In 2009, McCartney, along with Ringo Starr, headlined a benefit concert at Radio City Music Hall, raising three million dollars for the David Lynch Foundation to fund instruction in Transcendental Meditation for at-risk youth.
Activism
Paul and Linda McCartney became outspoken vegetarians and animal-rights activists. They said that their vegetarianism was realised when they happened to see lambs in a field as they ate a meal of lamb. McCartney has also credited the 1942 Disney film ''Bambi''—in which the young deer's mother is shot by a hunter—as the original inspiration for him to take an interest in animal rights. In his first interview after Linda's death, he promised to continue working for animal rights. In 1999, McCartney spent £3,000,000 to make sure Linda McCartney's food range remained free of GM ingredients. In 2002, McCartney gave his support to a campaign against a proposed ban on the sale of certain vitamins, herbs, and mineral products in the European Union. Following his marriage to Heather Mills, McCartney joined with her to campaign against landmines; both McCartney and Mills are patrons of Adopt-A-Minefield. In 2003, he played a personal concert for the wife of a wealthy banker and donated his one million dollar fee to the charity. He also wore an anti-landmines t-shirt on the Back in the World tour.In 2006, the McCartneys travelled to Prince Edward Island to bring international attention to the seal hunt (their final public appearance together). Their arrival sparked attention in Newfoundland and Labrador where the hunt is of economic significance. The couple also debated with Newfoundland's Premier Danny Williams on the CNN show ''Larry King Live''. They further stated that the fishermen should quit hunting seals and begin a seal watching business. McCartney has also criticised China's fur trade and supports the Make Poverty History campaign.
McCartney has been involved with a number of charity recordings and performances. In 2004, he donated a song to an album to aid the "US Campaign for Burma", in support of Burmese Nobel Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, and he had previously been involved in the Concerts for the People of Kampuchea, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Live Aid, and the recording of "Ferry Cross the Mersey" (released 8 May 1989) following the Hillsborough disaster.
In a December 2008 interview with ''Prospect Magazine'', McCartney mentioned that he tried to convince the Dalai Lama to become a vegetarian. In a letter to the Dalai Lama, McCartney took issue with Buddhism and meat-eating being considered compatible, saying, "Forgive me for pointing this out, but if you eat animals then there is some suffering somewhere along the line." The Dalai Lama replied to McCartney by saying his doctors advised him to eat meat for health reasons. In the interview McCartney said, "I wrote back saying they were wrong."
Football
The Beatles were advised by Epstein to make no comments about the football clubs they supported because it could alienate some fans, though it was well known that McCartney was a supporter of Everton Football Club, and that his father and relatives used to take him to matches. His allegiance later shifted to Liverpool F.C., as on 28 July 1968, The Beatles were photographed in a photographer's studio at 192–212 Gray's Inn Road, with McCartney wearing a Liverpool F.C. rosette. Linda McCartney later said: "We spent last night listening to Liverpool football team on the radio, wanting them to win so badly. Paul supports Liverpool. He was for Everton for a while because of his family — but it's all Liverpool now."Lennon and McCartney were present to watch the 1966 FA Cup Final at Wembley, between Everton and Sheffield Wednesday, and McCartney attended the 1968 FA Cup Final (18 May 1968) which was played by West Bromwich Albion against Everton. After the end of the match, McCartney shared cigarettes and whisky with other football fans. The ex-Liverpool player, Albert Stubbins, was the only footballer shown on the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band cover. McCartney tried to listen (on a radio) to the Liverpool v Manchester United 1977 FA Cup Final, while sailing in the Caribbean, and the video for McCartney's "Pipes of Peace" (in 1983) recreated the 1915 football game played between German and British troops during World War I, at Christmas.
At the end of the live version of "Coming Up" recorded in Glasgow in 1979 (later to become a US number one single) the crowd begins to sing "Paul McCartney!" until McCartney takes over and changes the chant to "Kenny Dalglish!", referring to the current Liverpool and Scotland striker. At the same concert, Gordon Smith, former football player who played for Rangers and Brighton & Hove Albion, met the McCartneys, and later accepted an invitation to visit their home in East Sussex in 1980. Smith later said that McCartney was "thrilled I knew Kenny Dalglish", to which Linda added: "I like Gordon McQueen of Man United", and Smith replied, "I know him too."
McCartney attended the 1986 FA Cup Final between Liverpool and Everton, and in 1989, he contributed to the Ferry Cross the Mersey charity single that was recorded to aid victims of the Hillsborough Disaster, which happened during a match between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest. McCartney performed at the Liverpool F.C. Anfield stadium on 1 June 2008, as a part of Liverpool's European Capital of Culture year. Dave Grohl from the Foo Fighters sang with McCartney on "Band on the Run", and played drums on "Back in the U.S.S.R.". Ono and Olivia Harrison attended the concert, along with Ken Dodd, and the former Liverpool F.C. football manager Rafael Benítez.
In an interview in 2008, McCartney ended speculation about his allegiance when he said:
"Here's the deal: my father was born in Everton, my family are officially Evertonians, so if it comes down to a derby match or an FA Cup final between the two, I would have to support Everton. But after a concert at Wembley Arena I got a bit of a friendship with Kenny Dalglish, who had been to the gig and I thought 'You know what? I am just going to support them both because it's all Liverpool and I don't have that Catholic-Protestant thing.' So I did have to get special dispensation from the Pope to do this but that's it, too bad. I support them both. They are both great teams, but if it comes to the crunch, I'm Evertonian."
In 2010, there was heavy speculation surrounding McCartney that he was to head up a consortium launching a take-over bid for struggling Charlton Athletic. Links between the club and the famous musician go a long way back with Charlton's famous supporters anthem – Valley, Floyd Road – using the tune and a number of lyrics from the Wings song "Mull of Kintyre".
Business
McCartney is one of Britain's wealthiest musicians, with an estimated fortune of £750 million ($1.2 billion) in 2009, although Justice Bennett, in his judgement on McCartney's divorce case found no evidence that McCartney was worth more than £400 million. In December 1998, he was approached to purchase a stake in Everton Football Club by former school friend Bill Kenwright who wished to put a consortium together but McCartney chose to decline the offer. In addition to his interest in Apple Corps, McCartney's MPL Communications owns a significant music publishing catalogue, with access to over 25,000 copyrights. McCartney earned £40 million in 2003, making him Britain's highest media earner. This rose to £48.5 million by 2005. In the same year he joined the top American talent agency Grabow Associates, who arrange private performances for their richest clients. Northern Songs was established in 1963, by Dick James, to publish the songs of Lennon/McCartney.The Beatles' partnership was replaced in 1968 by a jointly held company, Apple Corps, which continues to control Apple's commercial interests. Northern Songs was purchased by Associated Television (ATV) in 1969, and was sold in 1985 to Michael Jackson. For many years McCartney was unhappy about Jackson's purchase and handling of Northern Songs.
MPL Communications is an umbrella company for McCartney's business interests, which owns a wide range of copyrights, as well as the publishing rights to musicals. In 2006, the Trademarks Registry reported that MPL had started a process to secure the protections associated with registering the name "Paul McCartney" as a trademark. The 2005 films, ''Brokeback Mountain'' and ''Good Night and Good Luck'', feature MPL copyrights.
In April 2009, it was revealed that McCartney, in common with other wealthy musicians, had seen a significant decline in his net worth over the preceding year. It was estimated that his fortune had fallen by some £60m, from £238m to £175m. The losses were attributed to the ongoing global recession, and the resultant decline in value of property and stock market holdings.
Critique, recognition and achievements
McCartney is listed in ''The Guinness Book Of Records'' as the most successful musician and composer in popular music history with sales of 100 million singles and 60 gold discs, "Sir Paul McCartney became the Most Successful Songwriter who has written/co written 188 charted records, of which 91 reached the Top 10 and 33 made it to No.1 totalling 1,662 weeks on the chart (up to the beginning of 2008)."In the US, McCartney has achieved thirty-two number-one singles on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, including twenty-one with The Beatles, one as a co-writer on Elton John's cover of "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds", nine solo, with Wings or other collaborators, and one as the composer of "A World Without Love", a number one single for Peter and Gordon. In the UK, McCartney has been involved in more number-one singles than any other artist under a variety of credits, although Elvis Presley has achieved more as a solo artist. McCartney has twenty four number-one singles in the UK, including seventeen with the Beatles, one solo, and one each with Wings, Stevie Wonder, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Band Aid 20 and one with "The Christians et all". McCartney is the only artist to reach the UK number one as a soloist ("Pipes of Peace"), duo ("Ebony and Ivory" with Stevie Wonder), trio ("Mull of Kintyre", Wings), quartet ("She Loves You", The Beatles), quintet ("Get Back", The Beatles with Billy Preston), and as part of a musical ensemble for charity (Ferry Aid).
McCartney was voted the "Greatest Composer of the Millennium" by BBC News Online readers and McCartney's song "Yesterday" is thought to be the most covered song in history with more than 2,200 recorded versions and according to the BBC, "The track is the only one by a UK writer to have been aired more than seven million times on American TV and radio and is third in the all-time list. Sir Paul McCartney's Yesterday is the most played song by a British writer this century in the US." After its 1977 release, the Wings single "Mull of Kintyre" became the highest-selling record in British chart history, and remained so until 1984. (Three charity singles have since surpassed it in sales; the first to do so, in 1984, was Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" in which McCartney was a participant.)
On 2 July 2005, he was involved with the fastest-released single in history. His performance of "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" with U2 at Live 8 was released only 45 minutes after it was performed, before the end of the concert. The single reached number six on the ''Billboard'' charts, just hours after the single's release, and hit number one on numerous online download charts across the world. McCartney played for the largest stadium audience in history when 184,000 people paid to see him perform at Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 21 April 1990.
McCartney's scheduled concert in St Petersburg, Russia was his 3,000th concert and took place in front of 60,000 fans in Russia, on 20 June 2004. Over his career, McCartney has played 2,523 gigs with The Beatles, 140 with Wings, and 325 as a solo artist. Only his second concert in Russia, with the first just the year before on Moscow's Red Square as the former Communist U.S.S.R. had previously banned music from The Beatles as a "corrupting influence", McCartney hired 3 jets, at a reported cost of $36,000 (€29,800) (£28,000), to spray dry ice in the clouds above Saint Petersburg's Winter Palace Square in a successful attempt to prevent rain.
The day McCartney flew into the former Soviet country, he celebrated his 62nd birthday, and after the concert, according to ''RIA Novosti'' news agency, he received a phone call from a fan; then-President Vladimir Putin, who telephoned him after the concert to wish him a happy birthday. In the concert programme for his 1989 world tour, McCartney wrote that Lennon received all the credit for being the avant-garde Beatle, and McCartney was known as "baby-faced", which he disagreed with. People also assumed that Lennon was the "hard-edged one", and McCartney was the "soft-edged" Beatle, although McCartney admitted to "bossing Lennon around." Linda McCartney said that McCartney had a "hard-edge"—and not just on the surface—which she knew about after all the years she had spent living with him. McCartney seemed to confirm this edge when he commented that he sometimes meditates, which he said is better than "sleeping, eating, or shouting at someone".
The minor planet 4148, discovered in 1983, was named "McCartney" in his honour.
On 18 June 2006, McCartney celebrated his 64th birthday, a milestone that was the subject of one of the first songs he ever wrote, at the age of sixteen, The Beatles' song "When I'm Sixty-Four". Paul Vallely noted in ''The Independent'': }}
Discography
Tours
Arms
| Notes | Sir Paul McCartney's agent was Hubert Chesshyre, LVO, Clarenceux King of Arms |
|---|---|
| Crest | On a Wreath of the Colours A Liver Bird calling Sable supporting with the dexter claws a Guitar Or stringed Sable. |
| Escutcheon | Or between two Flaunches fracted fesswise two Roundels Sable over all six Guitar Strings palewise throughout counterchanged. |
| Motto | ECCE COR MEUM (Behold my heart) |
| Previous versions | }} |
References
;Footnotes;Bibliography
External links
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| name | Phil Collins |
|---|---|
| landscape | yes |
| background | solo_singer |
| birth name | Philip David Charles Collins |
| birth date | January 30, 1951 |
| birth place | London, England, UK |
| instrument | Drums, vocals, piano, guitar, keyboards, percussion |
| genre | Progressive rock, rock, pop,jazz fusion, R&B; |
| occupation | Singer-songwriter, musician, actor |
| years active | 1968–2011 |
| label | Virgin, Atlantic |
| associated acts | Genesis, Brand X, Flaming Youth, Philip Bailey, Eric Clapton, The Phil Collins Big Band, Bone Thugs-n-Harmony |
| website | }} |
Philip David Charles "Phil" Collins, LVO (born 30 January 1951) is an English singer-songwriter, drummer, pianist and actor best known as a drummer and vocalist for English progressive rock group Genesis and as a solo artist.
Collins sang the lead vocals on several chart hits in the United Kingdom and the United States between 1978 and 1994, either as a solo artist or with Genesis. His singles, often dealing with lost love, ranged from the drum-heavy "In the Air Tonight", dance pop of "Sussudio", piano-driven "Against All Odds", to the political statements of "Another Day in Paradise".
Collins's professional music career began as a drummer, first with Flaming Youth and then more famously with Genesis. In Genesis, Collins originally supplied backing vocals for front man Peter Gabriel, singing lead on only two songs: "For Absent Friends" from 1971's ''Nursery Cryme'' album and "More Fool Me" from ''Selling England by the Pound'', which was released in 1973. Following Gabriel's departure in 1975, Collins became the group's lead singer.
His solo career, heavily influenced by his personal life, brought both him and Genesis commercial success. According to Atlantic Records, Collins's total worldwide sales as a solo artist, as of 2000, were 150 million. He has won seven Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, and two Golden Globes for his solo work. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Genesis in 2010.
Collins is one of only three recording artists (along with Paul McCartney and Michael Jackson) who have sold over 100 million albums worldwide both as solo artists and (separately) as principal members of a band. When his work with Genesis, his work with other artists, as well as his solo career is totalled, Collins had more top 40 hits on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart during the 1980s than any other artist. In 2008, Collins was ranked the 22nd most successful artist on the "The Billboard Hot 100 Top All-Time Artists".
Early life
Collins was born in Chiswick, London, England, the son of June, a theatrical agent, and Greville Collins, an insurance agent. He was given a toy drum kit for Christmas when he was five. Later, his uncle made him a makeshift one that he used regularly. As Collins grew older these were followed by more complete sets bought by his parents. He practiced by playing alongside the television and radio, and never learned to read and write conventional musical notation; instead, he uses a system he devised himself.
Early career
His professional training began at fourteen when he entered Barbara Speake Stage School. He began a career as a child actor and model, and won his first major role as The Artful Dodger in the London production of ''Oliver!''. He was an extra in The Beatles' ''A Hard Day's Night'', one of hundreds of screaming teenagers during the TV concert sequence and seen fleetingly in a close-up. He was also in ''Chitty Chitty Bang Bang'' as one of the children who storms the castle at the end of the movie, but it was cut. He also auditioned for the role of Romeo in ''Romeo and Juliet'' (1968), a role won by fellow Artful Dodger actor, Leonard Whiting. Collins was among the last three finalists for the role of I.Q. on the American children's television show ''The Bugaloos'' (he lost out to English actor/musician John McIndoe).Despite the beginnings of an acting career, Collins continued to gravitate towards music. While attending Chiswick Community School he formed a band called The Real Thing and later joined The Freehold. With the latter group, he wrote his first song titled "Lying Crying Dying".
Collins's first record deal came as drummer for Flaming Youth who released a single album, ''Ark 2'' (1969). A concept album inspired by the recent media attention surrounding the moon landing, ''Ark 2'' (with Ronnie Caryl, Brian Chatton and Gordon (Flash) Smith), failed to make much commercial success despite positive critical reviews. ''Melody Maker'' featured the album as "Pop Album of the Month", describing it as "adult music beautifully played with nice tight harmonies". The album's main single, "From Now On", failed on the radio. After a year of touring, band tensions and the lack of commercial success dissolved the group. In 1970, the 19-year old Collins played percussion on the George Harrison song "The Art of Dying". Harrison credited him in the liner notes to the remastered CD version of the album released in 2000.
Genesis era
In 1970, Collins answered a ''Melody Maker'' classified ad for "...a drummer sensitive to acoustic music, and acoustic twelve-string guitarist". Genesis placed the ad after having already lost three drummers over two albums. The audition occurred at the home of Peter Gabriel's parents. Prospective candidates performed tracks from the group's second album, ''Trespass'' (1970). Collins arrived early, listened to the other auditions while swimming in Gabriel's parents' pool, and memorised the pieces before his turn.
Collins won the audition. ''Nursery Cryme'' was released a year later. Although his role remained primarily that of drummer and backing vocalist for the next five years, he twice sang lead vocals: once on "For Absent Friends" (from ''Nursery Cryme'') and once on "More Fool Me" (from ''Selling England by the Pound'').
In 1974, while Genesis were recording the concept album ''The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway'', Brian Eno (who is credited with "Enossification" for electronic vocal effects on the track "Grand Parade of Lifeless Packaging") needed a drummer for his album ''Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)''. Collins was sent to fill the gap, and played drums in lieu of payment for Eno's work with the band.
In 1975, following the final tour supporting the album ''The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway'', Gabriel left the group to pursue a solo career. Collins became lead vocalist after a lengthy but ultimately fruitless search for Gabriel's replacement (where he sang back up with the over 400 hopefuls that reportedly auditioned). In the short term, the group recruited former Yes and King Crimson drummer Bill Bruford to play drums during live shows, although Collins continued to play during longer instrumental sections. Bruford's drumming can be heard on the track "The Cinema Show" on the live album ''Seconds Out''. He was soon replaced by ex-Frank Zappa band member Chester Thompson, who became a mainstay of the band's live line-up. Collins, however, continued to play drums on all of the band's studio recordings.
The first album with Collins as lead vocalist, 1976's ''A Trick of the Tail'', reached the American Top 40, and peaked high as #3 on the UK charts. Said ''Rolling Stone'', "Genesis has managed to turn the possible catastrophe of Gabriel's departure into their first broad-based American success." Following the recording of Genesis's next album ''Wind and Wuthering'' guitarist Steve Hackett left the group to pursue his own solo career. The group decided to continue as a trio for recording with Mike Rutherford playing guitar and bass in the studio, although the lineup was regularly augmented by Chester Thompson and American guitarist Daryl Stuermer for concert tours.
Collins simultaneously performed in a jazz fusion group called Brand X. The band recorded their first album, ''Unorthodox Behaviour'', with Collins as drummer, but because Genesis was Collins's priority, there were several Brand X tours and albums without him. Collins credits Brand X as his first use of a drum machine as well as his first use of a home 8-track tape machine.
Collins also performed on Steve Hackett's first solo album, ''Voyage of the Acolyte'', on which he sang lead vocals and played drums.
As the decade closed, Genesis began a shift from their progressive rock roots and toward more accessible, radio-friendly pop-rock music. The album ''...And Then There Were Three...'' featured their first UK Top 10 and U.S. Top 40 single, "Follow You Follow Me".
In the 1980s, while Collins developed as a songwriter and established a parallel career as a solo artist, Genesis recorded a series of highly successful albums including ''Duke'', ''Abacab'', ''Genesis'', and ''Invisible Touch''. The latter album's title track reached #1 on the American ''Billboard'' singles chart, the only Genesis song to do so. The group received an MTV "Video of the Year" nomination in 1987 for the single "Land of Confusion" (which featured puppet caricatures created by the British satirical team ''Spitting Image'') but lost out to Peter Gabriel's solo hit, "Sledgehammer". Reviews were generally positive, with ''Rolling Stone'''s J. D. Considine stating, "every tune is carefully pruned so that each flourish delivers not an instrumental epiphany but a solid hook."
Collins left Genesis in 1996 to focus on his solo career. The last studio album with him as the lead singer was 1991's ''We Can't Dance''. He and Gabriel reunited with other Genesis members in 1999 to re-record "The Carpet Crawlers" for Genesis's ''Turn It on Again: The Hits''. When in the mid-2000s discussions of a possible Genesis reunion arose, Collins stated that he would prefer to return as the drummer, with Gabriel handling the vocals. Eventually Turn It On Again: The Tour was announced for 2007, with the Collins/Rutherford/Banks lineup.
In March 2010, Phish guitarist Trey Anastasio was asked to pay tribute to Genesis, one of his favourite bands, upon being inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. In addition to Anastasio's speech, Phish appeared and performed two Genesis songs, "Watcher of the Skies" and "No Reply At All". Collins and his Genesis bandmates (minus Peter Gabriel) attended the ceremony but they did not perform.
Solo career
Early solo recordings (1981–1983)
The dominant theme running through Collins's early solo recordings (although never specifically mentioned in his songs) was the acrimonious breakdown of his first marriage and then-recent divorce. Two songs he wrote on the Genesis album ''Duke'', "Please Don't Ask", and the Top 20 hit "Misunderstanding", dealt with failed relationships. One year earlier, he had played drums and sung backing vocals on John Martyn's ''Grace and Danger'', an album whose main theme is also marriage break-up. With the recording of his first solo album, ''Face Value'', Collins attributed his divorce as his main influence, as can be inferred from songs such as "If Leaving Me Is Easy". Collins made his live debut as a solo performer, appearing at the invitation of producer Martin Lewis at the Amnesty International benefit show, ''The Policeman's Other Ball'' at the Theatre Royal in London in September 1981, performing two songs from ''Face Value'' including "In the Air Tonight" and "The Roof is Leaking" accompanying himself on piano. ''Face Value'' became a surprise international success topping the charts in at least seven countries and hitting the top ten of the Billboard 200 eventually going triple-platinum in the U.S. Hits from the album included "In the Air Tonight", "I Missed Again" and "If Leaving Me Is Easy". In 1982, he produced ABBA member Frida's solo album, ''Something's Going On'', which helped to spawn the title track, "I Know There's Something Going On", which became a hit.
Much like ''Face Value'', many of the songs from Collins's 1982 follow-up album, ''Hello, I Must Be Going!'', came from Collins's marital problems with his first wife such as "I Don't Care Anymore" and "Do You Know and Do You Care". Collins’s early albums had a dark presence, usually heavy on the drums. Regarding ''Face Value'', he says, "I had a wife, two children, two dogs, and the next day I didn't have anything. So a lot of these songs were written because I was going through these emotional changes." There were occasional poppier influences–''Face Value''
Two years before, Collins had played drums on Peter Gabriel's third self-titled record (often referred to as ''Melt''), the first record to feature the "gated reverb" sound, which was used on the song "Intruder". Gabriel reportedly "didn't want any metal on the record" and asked Collins to leave his cymbals at home, to concentrate on the sound of his kit more heavily than usual. Studio engineer Hugh Padgham augmented the drum sound by using a microphone normally intended for studio communication rather than recording and feeding it through a signal processor called a noise gate. This allowed the reverberation added to the drums to be suddenly cut off before it naturally decayed. The result was the arresting "gated reverb" which became Collins signature sound. This was the same 'big drum sound' used on such songs as "In The Air Tonight", "Mama" by Genesis, and Frida's "There's Something Going On".
Superstardom (1984–1992)
Collins changed his musical style with the release of the ballad, "Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)", which was the theme song to the movie of the same name in 1984. The more pop-friendly and radio-accessible single became Collins's first solo single to reach number-one on the Billboard Hot 100. Later that year, Collins contributed to production on Earth, Wind & Fire singer Phillip Bailey's debut album, ''''Chinese Wall'''', collaborating with Bailey on the hit duet, "Easy Lover". Collins featured on Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas", he played drums and sang on the song. Collins released his most successful album, ''No Jacket Required'', in early 1985. It contained the hits "Sussudio", "One More Night", "Don't Lose My Number", and "Take Me Home", as well as the less known yet equally robust "Who Said I Would", and "Only You Know and I Know". The album featured Sting, Helen Terry and ex-bandmate Peter Gabriel as backing vocalists. He also recorded the successful song "Separate Lives", a duet with Marilyn Martin, and an American number one, for the movie ''White Nights''. Collins had three American number one songs in 1985, the most by any artist that year. ''No Jacket Required'' went on to win several Grammy awards including Album of the Year.''No Jacket Required'' received criticism that the album was too safe, despite its upbeat reviews and commercial success. A positive review by David Fricke of ''Rolling Stone'' ended, "After years on the art-rock fringe, Collins has established himself firmly in the middle of the road. Perhaps he should consider testing himself and his new fans' expectations next time around." "Sussudio" also drew criticism for sounding too similar to Prince's "1999", a charge that Collins did not deny. Nevertheless, the album went straight to #1 in the U.S. and UK. In 1985, Collins was invited by Bob Geldof to perform at the Live Aid charity event. Collins had the distinction of being the only performer to appear at both the UK concert at Wembley Stadium and the US concert at JFK Stadium in Philadelphia. He accomplished this by performing early in the day at Wembley as both a solo artist and alongside Sting, then transferring to a Concorde flight to the USA enabling him to perform his solo material, and drum for Led Zeppelin and Eric Clapton in Philadelphia. While being a guest on major artists' hit recordings, Collins continued to enjoy solo success even while on tour with Genesis, besides from his number-one duet with Marilyn Martin in 1986, Collins would score two more hits from movies with the singles, "Two Hearts" (1988) and "Groovy Kind of Love" (1988), the latter two from the soundtrack of his feature film, ''Buster''.
In 1989, Collins produced another successful album, ''...But Seriously'', featuring the anti-homelessness anthem "Another Day in Paradise", with David Crosby on backing vocals. (Collins later went on to co-write, sing and play on the song "Hero" on Crosby's 1993 album ''Thousand Roads''.) "Another Day in Paradise" went to Number 1 on the Billboard Charts at the end of 1989 and won Collins a Grammy for Record of the Year (1990). In the process, it became the last #1 US pop hit of the 1980s. The album ''...But Seriously'' became the first #1 US album of the 1990s. Other songs included "Something Happened on the Way to Heaven" (#4 US, #15 UK), "Do You Remember?" (not released in the UK, but a #4 hit in the US), and "I Wish It Would Rain Down" (the latter featuring Clapton on guitar) (#3 US, #7 UK). Songs about apartheid and homelessness demonstrated Collins’s turn to politically-driven material. This theme recurred on his later albums. A live album, ''Serious Hits... Live!'', followed.
Later solo work and Genesis reunion (1993–2008)
Collins's record sales began to drop with the 1993 release of ''Both Sides'', a largely experimental album that, according to Collins, included songs that "were becoming so personal, so private, I didn't want anyone else's input". Featuring a less polished sound and fewer up-tempo songs than his previous albums, ''Both Sides'' was a significant departure. Collins used no backing musicians, performed all the vocal and instrumental parts at his home studio, and used rough vocal takes for the final product. The album was not well received by radio. Its two biggest hits were "Both Sides of the Story" and "Everyday". Collins worked on the album completely independently of his record company, and took them by surprise when he delivered them a completed album that they were unaware he was making.Collins officially parted ways with Genesis in 1996 to focus on his solo career (Genesis would produce one album without Collins—''...Calling All Stations...''—before going on hiatus). Collins attempted a return to pop music with ''Dance into the Light'', which ''Entertainment Weekly'' reviewed by saying that "(e)ven Phil Collins must know that we all grew weary of Phil Collins". It included minor hits such as the title track and The Beatles-inspired "It's in Your Eyes". Although the album went Gold in the US, it sold considerably less than his previous albums. Despite this, the subsequent tour regularly sold out arenas.
In 1996, Collins formed The Phil Collins Big Band. With Collins as drummer, the band performed jazz renditions of various Collins and Genesis hits. The Phil Collins Big Band did a world tour in 1998 that included a performance at the Montreux Jazz Festival. In 1999, the group released the CD ''A Hot Night in Paris'' including big band versions of "Invisible Touch", "Sussudio", and the more obscure "The Los Endos Suite" from ''A Trick of the Tail''. A compilation album ''...Hits'' was released in 1998 and sold very well, returning Collins to multi-platinum status in America. The album's sole new track, a cover of the Cyndi Lauper hit "True Colors", received considerable play on US Adult Contemporary stations while peaking at #2. Some of Collins's earlier hits (e.g. "I Missed Again", "If Leaving Me Is Easy", etc.) and other successes were not included in this compilation.
Collins's next single, "You'll Be in My Heart", from the Disney animated movie ''Tarzan'', spent 19 weeks at #1 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart – the longest time ever up to that point. The song won Collins an Academy Award for Best Song. It was his third nomination in the songwriters category, after being nominated in 1985 and 1989. Collins was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, on 16 June 1999.
In 2002 Collins released ''Testify''. Metacritic's roundup of album reviews found this record to be the worst-reviewed album at the time of its release, though it has since been "surpassed" by three more recent releases. The album's "Can't Stop Loving You" (a Leo Sayer cover) was yet another #1 Adult Contemporary smash hit for Collins. ''Testify'' sold 140,000 copies in the United States by year's end, although a successful worldwide tour followed.
That same year Collins accepted an invitation to drum for the "house band" at a concert celebrating Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee. In 2003 announced his last solo tour – the "First Final Farewell Tour", a tongue-in-cheek reference to the multiple farewell tours of other popular artists. In 2006 he worked with Disney on a Broadway production of ''Tarzan'', a musical which received generally mixed reviews. In 2007 Collins reunited with his Genesis bandmates Tony Banks and Mike Rutherford for Turn It On Again: The Tour, a tour of Europe and North America. During the tour Genesis performed at the Live Earth concert at Wembley Stadium. Following the band's performance, presenter Jonathan Ross had to apologise to viewers watching the televised version as Collins had used a swear word while singing "Invisible Touch".
''Going Back'' and retirement (2009–2011)
In October 2009, it was reported that Collins was to record a Motown covers album. He told a German newspaper, "I want the songs to sound exactly like the originals", and that the album would feature up to 30 songs. In January 2010, Chester Thompson said that the album had been completed and would be released some time soon. He also revealed that Collins managed to play the drums on the album despite the adverse effects of his recent spinal operation. It was the first solo album Collins had recorded which consisted entirely of songs written by other people.''Going Back'' was released on 13 September 2010, entering the UK charts at number 4, rising to number one the following week. In early summer 2010, Collins played six concerts entirely dedicated to the music from ''Going Back''. These included a special programme, ''Phil Collins: One Night Only'', which was broadcast on ITV1 on 18 September 2010.
As of January 2011, Collins has spent 1,730 weeks in German music charts – 766 weeks of them with Genesis albums and singles and 964 weeks with solo releases.
Citing health problems and other concerns, Collins announced on 4 March 2011 that he was taking time off from his career, prompting widespread reports of his retirement. Days later, on 7 March, his UK representative told the press, "He is not, has no intention of, retiring." However, later that day, Collins posted a message to his fans on his own website, confirming his intention to retire in order to focus on his family life.
Drums and other equipment
Phil Collins uses Gretsch drums and Sabian cymbals. Drums (all single headed concert toms except for the snare): 20" Bass Drum, 18" Floor Tom, 16" Floor Tom, 15" Mounted Tom, 12" Tom, 10" Tom, 8" Tom, 14"x4" Snare, 14" Phil Collins Special.Cymbals: HH Medium Crash 20" – HH Extra Thin Crash 17" – Hi-Hats 15" – HH China 20" – HH Medium-Thin Crash 16" -HH China 22" – HH Raw Bell Dry Ride 21".
Until 1986, Collins played Paiste and Zildjian cymbals. Other drums he's used over the years are Premier, Noble & Cooley, Pearl, Simmons and Ludwig drums. He uses a Ludwig Speed King pedal and Pro Mark sticks.
Other instruments which have become synonymous with Collins's sound (particularly in his post-1978 Genesis and subsequent solo career) include the Roland CR-78 and Roland TR-808 drum machines, Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 synthesizer, and the Yamaha CP-70 electric grand piano.
Films, theatre and television
The majority of Collins's film work has been through music. Four of his seven American number one songs came from film soundtracks, and his work on Disney's ''Tarzan'' earned him an Oscar. Collins even sang German, Italian, Spanish and French versions of the Tarzan soundtrack for the respective film versions. Collins's acting career has been brief. As a child, he appeared in three films, although two of the films were for brief moments as an extra. Besides the aforementioned ''A Hard Day's Night'' (1964), Collins's first lead role was in a children's film ''Calamity the Cow'' (1967).Collins wrote and performed the title song to ''Against All Odds'' in 1984. The song became the first of his seven American number one songs and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Song. Collins was not invited to perform the song at that year's presentation, although he was in the audience as the song's composer. Collins had arranged his U.S. tour to accommodate the possibility of appearing on the telecast in the event his song was nominated for an Oscar. It is believed that the producers of that year's Academy Awards show were not aware of his prominence as a musical performer. A note to Collins's label from telecast co-producer Larry Gelbart explaining the lack of invitation stated, "Thank you for your note regarding ''Phil Cooper'' (emphasis added). I'm afraid the spots have already been filled". Collins instead watched Ann Reinking perform his song. For a long time afterwards, he would introduce his performance of "Against All Odds" at his concerts by saying: "Miss Ann Reinking's not here tonight, so I guess I'll have to sing my own song".
As a vocalist, Collins sang Stephen Bishop's composition "Separate Lives" for the film ''White Nights'' (1985) as a duet with Marilyn Martin. The single of the recording became another number one hit for Collins. The song itself was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Song (a category that honours the composer, not the vocalists). Bishop's song had parallels to some of the songs on Collins's first two albums. Writer Stephen Bishop noted that he was inspired by a failed relationship and called "Separate Lives" "a song about anger". When the song was being nominated for an Academy Award, in interviews about the original snub by the Academy for "Against All Odds", Collins would jokingly say "the hell with him – I'm going up too," referring to if Bishop's song were to win the award.
Collins's first film role since becoming a musician came in 1988 with ''Buster'' about the Great Train Robbery, which took place in England in the 1960s. The movie received good reviews and Collins contributed four songs to the film's soundtrack. His rendition of "Groovy Kind of Love", originally a 1966 single by The Mindbenders, with lyrics by Toni Wine and music by Carole Bayer Sager, but with the melody of the Rondo section of Muzio Clementi's "Sonatina in G major", op. 36 no. 5 reached number one. The film also spawned the hit single "Two Hearts", which he wrote in collaboration with legendary Motown songwriter Lamont Dozier; the two artists would go on to win a Golden Globe for Best Original Song and receive an Oscar nomination in the same category, the second such honour for Collins; "Big Noise", written by Phil Collins and Lamont Dozier, which included Collins on vocals (although the song was not released as a single, an instrumental version of this song appeared as the B-side to the single version of "A Groovy Kind Of Love".) The final song, "Loco In Acapulco", was another collaboration between him and Dozier, with the vocals performed by the legendary Motown group The Four Tops. Movie critic Roger Ebert said the role of Buster was "played with surprising effectiveness" by Collins, although the film's soundtrack proved more successful than the movie did.
Collins had cameo appearances in Steven Spielberg's ''Hook'' (1991) and the AIDS docudrama ''And the Band Played On'' (1993). He starred in 1993's ''Frauds'', which competed for the Palme d'Or at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival. He supplied voices to two animated features: Amblin's ''Balto'' (1995) and Disney's ''The Jungle Book 2'' (2003). A long-discussed but never completed project was a movie titled ''The Three Bears''; originally meant to star him alongside Danny DeVito and Bob Hoskins, he often mentioned the film, though an appropriate script never materialised.
Collins performed the soundtrack to the animated film ''Tarzan'' (1999) for The Walt Disney Company. Collins won an Academy Award for "You'll Be in My Heart", which he performed at that year's telecast as well as during a Disney-themed Super Bowl halftime show. The song, which he also recorded in Spanish among other languages, became his only appearance on Billboard's Hot Latin Tracks. Disney hired him, along with Tina Turner, in 2003 for the soundtrack to another animated feature film, ''Brother Bear'', and had some airplay with the song "Look Through My Eyes".
On television, he twice hosted the ''Billboard Music Awards''. He also appeared in an episode of the series ''Miami Vice'', entitled "Phil the Shill", in which he plays a cheating con-man. He also guest starred in several sketches with ''The Two Ronnies''. Most recently, he had a cameo appearance on the television series ''Whoopi''.
In 2001, Collins was sought out by the satirist Chris Morris, and appeared in the Brass Eye 'Paedophile Special' endorsing a spoof charity called 'Nonce Sense'. At one point Collins, dressed in a matching baseball cap and t-shirt emblazoned with the name of this fictitious charity, stares into the camera and declares: "I'm talking Nonce-sense."
In 2005, Collins's work on ''Brother Bear'' was expanded as Disney used the song "Welcome" as the theme for Walt Disney's Parade of Dreams, the main parade celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Disneyland.
In 2006 Disney's ''Tarzan'' was adapted for Broadway. Collins contributed 11 new songs and instrumental pieces, and was deeply involved in the production. Unlike the movie, where Collins sang all the material, the characters sang on stage.
Collins made an appearance as himself in the 2006 PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 2 video game ''Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories'', set in 1984. Joseph Martignette, also a left-handed drummer, plays the role of Phil Collins in the game. He appears in three missions in which the main character must save him from a gang that is trying to kill him, the final mission occurring during his concert, where the player must defend the scaffolding against saboteurs while Phil is simultaneously performing "In The Air Tonight." After this, the player is given the opportunity to watch this performance of 'In the Air Tonight.' "In The Air Tonight" was also featured in the soundtrack of ''Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories'' and it was also featured in the movie ''Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film For Theaters'', the 2009 movie ''The Hangover'' and the 2007 ''Gorilla'' commercial for Cadbury's Dairy Milk chocolate. The advertisement also helped the song re-enter the New Zealand RIANZ Singles Chart at number three in July 2008, the following week reaching number one, beating its original 1981 #6 peak. Phil Collins had several ties to the hit show ''Miami Vice'' with 5 songs used in the course of the series as well as having starred in the episode "Phil The Shill."
Phil Collins was portrayed in the hit cartoon ''South Park'' in the episode "Timmy 2000" holding his Oscar throughout, referring to his 1999 win for "You'll Be In My Heart", which defeated "Blame Canada" from South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut. He was seen again in the episode "Cartman's Silly Hate Crime".
Phil Collins appears briefly in the Finnish animated sitcom ''Pasila'' in the episode "Phil Collins Hangover". The music of this episode is a pastiche of Phil Collins' "Another Day In Paradise".
Personal life
Family
Collins has been married three times. He married Canadian Andrea Bertorelli in 1975. They met as students in a drama class in London. They had a son, Simon Collins, and Collins adopted Bertorelli's daughter Joely Collins, a Canadian actress. They divorced in 1980, after she started an affair with their painter and decorator. Collins later appeared on the BBC's ''Top of the Pops'' singing his 1981 solo hit "In The Air Tonight" with a pot of paint and brush positioned near his piano. Collins has since claimed that the presence of the paint and brush was coincidental.Collins met his second wife, Jill Tavelman, in 1980. They were married from 1984 to 1996. They had one daughter, Lily Collins, born in 1989. Collins openly admits that some of their divorce-related correspondence was by fax (one, about access to their daughter, was reproduced in ''The Sun''), but denies that this took her by surprise. Collins paid Jill £17M as final settlement.
Collins married his third wife, Orianne Cevey, in 1999 after a five year romance. They have two sons, Nicholas and Matthew. They bought Sir Jackie Stewart's former house located in Begnins, Switzerland, overlooking Lake Geneva. Announcing their separation on 16 March 2006, they were divorced in January 2007. Collins reportedly paid Cevey £25M in settlement. Collins has said he will continue to live in Switzerland to be near the children. He is currently residing in Féchy, while also maintaining homes in New York City and Dersingham, England. In 2008, Collins was quoted in ''People Magazine'': "Marriage is a difficult proposition. But I haven't given up on it, either."
Fortune
Collins was estimated to have a fortune of £115 million in the ''Sunday Times Rich List'' of 2011, making him one of the 20 richest people in the British music industry.
Court case
On 29 March 2000, Phil Collins launched a case against two former musicians from his band to recoup $780,000 (£500,000) in royalties that were overpaid. Louis Satterfield, 62, and Rahmlee Davis, 51, claimed their contract entitled them to 0.5 per cent of the royalties from ''Serious Hits... Live!'', a live album recorded during Collins's Seriously, Live! World Tour tour in 1990. Their claim was they were an integral part of the whole album, but Collins responded the two should only receive royalties from the five tracks in which they were involved. Instead of asking for a return of what Collins considered overpayment, he sought to recoup the funds by withholding future royalties to Satterfield and Davis, which amounted to less than an annual sum of $20,000 (£12,500) each.On 19 April 2000, the British High Court ruled that the two musicians would receive no more royalty money from Phil Collins. The amount that Collins was seeking was halved, and Satterfield and Davis (who originally brought the suit forward in California) would not have to repay any of it. The judge agreed with Collins's argument that Satterfield and Davis should have been paid for only the five tracks on which they performed, including the hit "Sussudio".
Health problems
Collins reported losing his hearing in his right ear in 2000 due to a viral infection. In September 2009, it was reported that Collins could no longer play drums, due to a recent operation to repair dislocated vertebrae in his neck. A statement from Collins on the Genesis band website said, "There isn't any drama regarding my 'disability' and playing drums. Somehow during the last Genesis tour I dislocated some vertebrae in my upper neck and that affected my hands. After a successful operation on my neck, my hands still can't function normally. Maybe in a year or so it will change, but for now it is impossible for me to play drums or piano. I am not in any 'distressed' state; stuff happens in life."
Activism
Collins was appointed a Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order in 1994 in recognition of his work on behalf of the Prince's Trust.Collins has stated he is a supporter of animal rights and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). In 2005, he donated an autographed drumstick in support of PETA's campaign against Kentucky Fried Chicken.
Collins also has a lifelong interest in the Alamo. He has collected hundreds of artefacts related to the famous 1836 battle in San Antonio, Texas, narrated a light and sound show about the Alamo, and spoken at related events.
Collins has often been mentioned erroneously in the British media as being a supporter of the Conservative Party and an opponent of the Labour Party. Shortly before the 2005 election (when Collins was living in Switzerland), Noel Gallagher is reported as saying: "Vote Labour. If you don't and the Tories get in, Phil is threatening to come back." However, Collins has since stated that although he did once claim many years earlier that he might leave Britain if most of his income was taken in tax, which was Labour Party policy at that time for top earners, he has never been a Conservative Party supporter and he left Britain for Switzerland in 1994 purely because he met a woman who lived there. He said of Gallagher: “I don’t care if he likes my music or not. I do care if he starts telling people I’m a wanker because of my politics. It’s an opinion based on an old misunderstood quote.” Despite his claim that he did not leave Britain for tax purposes, he was one of several super-rich figures living in tax havens who were singled out for criticism in a report by the charity Christian Aid in 2008. Questioned about his politics by Mark Lawson in an interview broadcast in 2009, Collins said: "My father was Conservative but it wasn't quite the same, I don't think, when he was alive. Politics never loomed large in our family anyway. I think the politics of the country were very different then."
Collins founded the Little Dreams Foundation in February 2000, which aims to "realise the dreams of children in the fields of sports and art" by providing future prodigies aged 4 to 16 years with financial, material, and mentoring support with the help of experts in various fields.
Collins supports the South African charity The Topsy Foundation, which provides relief services to some of South Africa's most under-resourced rural communities through a multi-faceted approach to the consequences of HIV and AIDS and extreme poverty. He donates all royalties earned in South Africa to the organization.
Collins is a patron of the charity Children in Hunger, a small UK based charity working to combat child poverty in Brazil.
Discography
Studio albums
{|class="wikitable" |- ! Release date ! Title |- | 1981 | ''Face Value'' |- | 1982 | ''Hello, I Must Be Going!'' |- | 1985 | ''No Jacket Required'' |- | 1989 | ''...But Seriously'' |- | 1993 | ''Both Sides'' |- | 1996 | ''Dance into the Light'' |- | 2002 | ''Testify'' |- | 2010 | ''Going Back'' |}
Number one singles
"In the Air Tonight" re-entered the New Zealand charts in 2008 at #3 and then peaked at #1, after featuring in a Cadbury Gorilla advertisement.
See also
Notes
References
External links
Category:1951 births Category:Atlantic Records artists Category:Ballad musicians Category:Best Song Academy Award winning songwriters Category:BRIT Award winners Category:British expatriates in Switzerland Category:English drummers Category:English film actors Category:English-language singers Category:English male models Category:English male singers Category:English pop singers Category:English rock drummers Category:Blue-eyed soul singers Category:English rock singers Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English television actors Category:English voice actors Category:Genesis (band) members Category:Grammy Award winners Category:MusiCares Person of the Year Honorees Category:Ivor Novello Award winners Category:Lieutenants of the Royal Victorian Order Category:Living people Category:Musicians from London Category:People from Chiswick Category:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees Category:Silver Clef Awards winners Category:Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees
ar:فيل كولنز an:Phil Collins az:Fil Kollins bg:Фил Колинс ca:Phil Collins cs:Phil Collins co:Phil Collins da:Phil Collins de:Phil Collins et:Phil Collins es:Phil Collins fa:فیل کالینز fr:Phil Collins ko:필 콜린스 hr:Phil Collins id:Phil Collins it:Phil Collins he:פיל קולינס ka:ფილ კოლინზი lv:Fils Kolinss lt:Phil Collins hu:Phil Collins arz:فيل كولينز nl:Phil Collins ja:フィル・コリンズ no:Phil Collins pl:Phil Collins pt:Phil Collins ro:Phil Collins ru:Коллинз, Фил simple:Phil Collins sk:Phil Collins sr:Фил Колинс fi:Phil Collins sv:Phil Collins tl:Phil Collins th:ฟิล คอลลินส์ tr:Phil Collins uk:Філ Коллінз vi:Phil Collins zh:菲爾·柯林斯This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Name | Paul Hardcastle |
|---|---|
| Background | non_vocal_instrumentalist |
| Born | December 10, 1957Kensington, London, England |
| Birth name | Pauli Hardcastle |
| Instrument | Synthesizer |
| Genre | Smooth jazz, Synthpop, House, New Wave |
| Occupation | musician, producer, songwriter, radio presenter in USA |
| Years active | 1982–present |
| Label | Chrysalis, Motown, Hardcastle |
| Website | }} |
Discography
In the early 1980s, Hardcastle played the keyboards on several singles on the Oval record label by the dance music groups Direct Drive and First Light, before going solo.He achieved some acclaim for his early singles, notably in 1984, the electro-funk hip-hop instrumental classic, "Rain Forest", which along with the track, "Sound Chaser" hit number two on the dance chart. Rain Forest" also hit number five on the soul chart and number fifty-seven on the Hot 100. In 1985, he came to greater prominence with the international hit "19," a song about America's involvement in the Vietnam War and the effect it had on the soldiers who served, using sampled dialogue from an American television documentary about the post-traumatic stress disorder suffered by veterans.
Hardcastle enjoyed several further hits in the UK, including "Don't Waste My Time" (with vocals by Carol Kenyon) (UK #8) and "The Wizard", a UK #15 hit that became the theme tune from BBC Television's ''Top of the Pops''. He also had a hit with "Just For Money", which reached #19 in the UK and featured Bob Hoskins and Sir Laurence Olivier. Earlier, he had cut a cover version of D-Train's most influential hit "You're the One For Me", segued with his own compositions "Daybreak" and "A.M." Hardcastle also wrote the theme tune for ''Saturday Live'', a popular entertainment show which ran from 1985-1987.
He also made the hit single The Voyager, which was used for the BBC One programme ''Holiday''. Paul now acknowledges he was behind the Nineteen Not out track with Rory Bremner.
After 1986, Hardcastle started to specialise in television soundtracks and remix work, for artists as such as Five Star, Barry White, Third World, Sinitta, Johnny Logan, Hiroshima and Ian Dury.
In 1988, Hardcastle released the concept album, ''No Winners'', which focuses on the potential negative effects of the Cold War arms race.
Hardcastle has also recorded several synth jazz albums, alternating releases under the artist names Kiss The Sky, The Jazzmasters, and Paul Hardcastle. Working regularly with vocalist Helen Rogers, Hardcastle has recruited several saxophonists including Gary Barnacle (on the first album), Snake Davis, Phil Todd and Tony Woods. All these albums have been played on smooth jazz radio in the United States, where some of the most played tracks include "Northern Lights," "Lost in Space," "Desire," "Shine" and "Serene." He won the Billboard Smooth Jazz ''Artist Of The Year'' award for 2008.
2010 Jazzmasters 6 track "Touch and Go", featuring his son Paul Jr on saxophone, reached number 1 on the USA Billboard Jazz songs chart, his tenth Number 1 on the Smooth Jazz chart in total.
Personal life
Hardcastle is married to Dolores Baker, and they have three children: Maxine (born April 1986), Paul, Jr. (born August 1990), and Ritchie. May 1997Paul is often mistaken for snooker player Steve Davis, a source of much bemusement and good natured banter!
Additionally, comedian Jim Davidson often refers to Paul as 'Paul Hardwater'.
Hardcastle is also a Chelsea fan.
Discography
Albums
| Year | Album |
Smooth jazz albums
Hardcastle series| Year | Album |
The Jazzmasters series
| Year | Album |
Kiss The Sky series
| Year | Album |
Singles
See also
References
External links
Category:1957 births Category:Living people Category:English keyboardists Category:English composers Category:People from London Category:Synthpop musicians Category:Chrysalis Records artists Category:Smooth jazz musicians Category:Jazz keyboardists
da:Paul Hardcastle de:Paul Hardcastle nl:Paul Hardcastle pl:Paul Hardcastle fi:Paul Hardcastle sv:Paul HardcastleThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Name | John Reed |
|---|---|
| Birth date | February 07, 1969 |
| Birth place | TriBeCa, New York City |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Occupation | novelist |
| Website | ''http://www.johnreed.tv'' |
Biography
Born in 1969 in New York City, Reed is the son of artist David Reed and Judy Rifka. He attended Hampshire College, and received a Masters in Fine Art in Creative Writing from Columbia University. He teaches at The New School.Reed was an early contributor to, and subsequently an editor with, ''Open City'', a New York literary journal published by Robert Bingham, who later founded the book series.
Works
thumb|left|Reed in Brooklyn reading from his non-fiction ''Tales of Woe'', at the [[MTV|MTV Press/Brooklyn Rail launch party.]]He is affiliated with the ''New York Press'' and ''The Brooklyn Rail''. "Americans are extremely sophisticated in terms of narrative forms," said Reed in an interview. "We see it in commercials, we see it on TV, we see it in movies. But the narrative forms we're talking about are three acts, five acts, depending on how you want to look at it. They're all based on a Christian model of sin, suffering, redemption; which is not a large model."
A Still Small Voice
''A Still Small Voice'' (Delacorte 2000, Delta 2001), Reed’s first novel, is a historical novel based on the life of a girl growing up in Kentucky from 1850-1870.
Snowball's Chance
''Snowball's Chance'' (Roof Books 2002/2003), Reed’s second novel was a controversial send-up of George Orwell’s ''Animal Farm'', and ended in a cataclysmic attack on the “Twin Mills” (reminiscent of the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center). It became a bestseller in the field of books by independent literary publishers.
The Whole, or, Duh Whole
''The Whole'', Reed’s third novel, parodied MTV and was released in 2005 by MTV Books (Simon & Schuster). The novel described a gigantic hole that appears in the middle of the country, which engulfs four states.
All the World's a Grave
Reed, in a new work, returns to the overhaul of canonical English writers in ''All the World's a Grave'', fall 2008, Penguin Books. The work, subtitled "''A New Play by William Shakespeare''", is a tragedy in five acts, a "mash-up" constructed of lines drawn from five Shakespeare tragedies and one Shakespeare history; Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, Othello, Romeo & Juliet and Henry V. In the "literary trick" (as described by Page Six of The New York Post) Shakespeare's lines are rearranged into a wholly new story, in which Prince Hamlet of Denmark goes to war to claim his bride and the daughter of King Lear, Juliet. Upon a triumphant return home, Hamlet discovers that his mother has murdered his father, and married Macbeth. Visited by his father's ghost, and goaded by the opportunistic Lieutenant Iago, Hamlet is driven mad by the erroneous belief that Juliet is having an affair with General Romeo.
References
External links
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
5:00
Waterboys • The Whole of the Moon • 1985 Concert
txemaprada
Waterboys • The Whole of the Moon • 1985 Concert
The Whole of the Moon ----------------------- I pictured a rainbow You held in your hands I had flashes But you saw then plan I wondered out in the world for years While you just stayed in your room I saw the crescent You saw the whole of t...
21:03
QUEEN Live Aid 1985. Upscaled retouched 16:9 video, great audio. Best quality yet (june 2011).
heenez
QUEEN Live Aid 1985. Upscaled retouched 16:9 video, great audio. Best quality yet (june 2011).
This video of the legendary gig Queen did at live aid 1985 has been uploaded many times, but the quality was poor most of the times I've seen it, and often split into 3 videos. So here is the dvd source, 1 single 21 minute video, upscal...
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