birth name	Winona Laura Horowitz
birth date	October 29, 1971
birth place	Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States
occupation	Actress, producer
years active	1986–present }}

Winona Laura Horowitz (born October 29, 1971), better known under her professional name Winona Ryder, is an American actress. She made her film debut in the 1986 film ''Lucas''. Ryder's first significant role came in Tim Burton's ''Beetlejuice'' (1988) as a goth teenager, which won her critical and commercial recognition. After making various appearances in film and television, Ryder continued her career with the cult film ''Heathers'' (1989), a controversial satire of teenage suicide and high school life, which drew Ryder further critical and commercial attention.

Having played diverse roles in many well-received films, Ryder won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and an Academy Award nomination in the same category for her role in ''The Age of Innocence'' in 1993, as well as another Academy Award nomination for ''Little Women'' the following year for Best Actress. In 2000, Ryder received a star on the Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California.

Ryder's personal life has been widely reported by the media. Her relationship with actor Johnny Depp in the early 1990s was highly publicized and received much scrutiny by the media and tabloid press. A much talked about 2001 shoplifting incident led to a four-year hiatus from acting. She has also revealed her personal struggle with anxiety and depression, briefly checking into a clinic. In 2006, Ryder returned to the screen, and some media outlets called her performance "a remarkable comeback" to acting, having appeared in high-profile films such as ''Star Trek''. In 2010, she was nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards, as the lead actress of ''When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story'', and as part of the cast of ''Black Swan''.

Early life and education

Born Winona Laura Horowitz in Olmsted County, Minnesota, she was named after the nearby city of Winona. She was given her middle name, Laura, because of her parents' friendship with Aldous Huxley's wife, Laura Huxley. Her mother, Cynthia Palmer (née Istas), is an author, as well as a video producer and editor. Her father, Michael Horowitz, is an author, editor, publisher, and antiquarian bookseller. Ryder is Jewish on her father's side, and has described herself as Jewish. Her paternal grandparents were immigrants from Russia and Romania; her father's family was originally named "Tomchin", but was wrongly assigned the surname "Horowitz" by U.S. immigration officials at Ellis Island. Ryder's mother is a Buddhist and her father is an atheist. Ryder has one full sibling, a younger brother, Uri (named in honor of the first Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin), an older half-brother, Jubal, and an older half-sister, Sunyata. Ryder's family friends included her godfather, LSD guru Timothy Leary, as well as the beat poets Allen Ginsberg and Lawrence Ferlinghetti, and the science fiction novelist Philip K. Dick.

In 1978, when Ryder was seven years old, she and her family relocated to Rainbow, a commune near Elk, Mendocino County, California, where they lived with seven other families on a plot of land. As the remote property had no electricity or television sets, Ryder began to devote her time to reading, and became an avid fan of J. D. Salinger's ''The Catcher in the Rye''. She developed an interest in acting after her mother showed her a few movies on a screen in the family barn. At age 10, Ryder and her family moved on again, this time to Petaluma, California. During her first week at the Kenilworth Junior High, she was bullied by a group of her peers who mistook her for an effeminate, scrawny boy. As a result, she ended up being homeschooled that year. In 1983, when Ryder was 12, she enrolled at the American Conservatory Theater in nearby San Francisco, where she took her first acting lessons. Ryder graduated from Petaluma High School with a 4.0 GPA in 1989. She suffers from aquaphobia because of a traumatic near-drowning at age 12. This caused problems with the underwater scenes in ''Alien Resurrection'' (1997), some of which had to be reshot numerous times.

Career

Early works, 1985–1990

In 1985, Ryder sent a videotaped audition, where she recited a monologue from the novel ''Franny and Zooey'' by J. D. Salinger, to appear in the film ''Desert Bloom''. Although the part went to Annabeth Gish, writer/director David Seltzer noticed her talent and cast her in his 1986 film ''Lucas'', about a boy called Lucas (Corey Haim) and his life at high school. The film co-starred Charlie Sheen and Kerri Green with Winona playing Rina, one of Lucas’s friends at school. When asked how she wanted her name to appear in the credits, she suggested "Ryder" as her surname because a Mitch Ryder album that belonged to her father was playing in the background.

Her next movie was ''Square Dance'' (1987), where her teenage character creates a bridge between two different worlds — a traditional farm in the middle of nowhere and a large city. Ryder won acclaim for her role, and ''The Los Angeles Times'' called her performance in ''Square Dance'' "a remarkable debut." Both films, however, failed to gain Ryder any notice, and were only marginally successful commercially. Director Tim Burton decided to cast Ryder in his film ''Beetlejuice'' (1988), after being impressed with her performance in ''Lucas''. In the film, she plays goth teenager Lydia Deetz. Lydia's family moves to a haunted house populated by ghosts played by Geena Davis, Alec Baldwin, and Michael Keaton. Lydia quickly finds herself the only human with a strong empathy toward the ghosts and their situation. The film was a success at the box office, and Ryder's performance and the overall film received mostly positive reviews from critics.

Ryder landed the role of Veronica Sawyer in the 1989 independent film ''Heathers''. The film, a satirical take on teenage life, revolves around Veronica, who is ultimately forced to choose between the will of society and her own heart after her boyfriend, played by Christian Slater, begins killing off popular high school students. Ryder's agent initially begged her to turn the role down, saying the film would "ruin her career." Reaction to the film was mostly lukewarm, but Ryder's performance was critically embraced, with ''The Washington Post'' stating Ryder is "Hollywood's most impressive inge'nue [sic] ... Ryder ... makes us love her teen-age murderess, a bright, funny girl with a little Bonnie Parker in her. She is the most likable, best-drawn young adult protagonist since the sexual innocent of ''Gregory's Girl''." The film was a box office flop, yet achieved status as a predominant cult film. Later that year, she starred in ''Great Balls of Fire!'', playing the 13-year-old bride (and cousin) of Jerry Lee Lewis. The film was a box office failure and received divided reviews from critics. In April 1989, she played the title role in the music video for Mojo Nixon's "Debbie Gibson Is Pregnant with My Two-Headed Love Child".

In 1990, Ryder was selected for four film roles. She played the leading female role alongside her then-boyfriend Johnny Depp in the fantasy film ''Edward Scissorhands''. The film reunited Tim Burton and Ryder, who had previously worked together on ''Beetlejuice'' in 1988. ''Edward Scissorhands'' was a significant box office success, grossing US$56 million at the United States box office and receiving much critical devotion. Later that year, she withdrew from the role of Mary Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola's ''The Godfather Part III'' (after traveling to Rome for filming) due to exhaustion. Eventually, Coppola's daughter Sofia Coppola was cast in the role. Ryder's third role was in the family comedy-drama ''Mermaids'' (1990), which co-starred Cher and Christina Ricci. ''Mermaids'' was a moderate box office success and was embraced critically. Ryder's performance was acclaimed; critic Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' wrote: "Winona Ryder, in another of her alienated outsider roles, generates real charisma." For her performance, Ryder received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. Ryder then performed alongside Cher and Christina Ricci in the video for "The Shoop Shoop Song", the theme from ''Mermaids''.

Following ''Mermaids'' she had the lead role in ''Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael'', a film about an adopted child Dinky Bossetti played by Ryder. The film co-starred Jeff Daniels and was deemed a flop due to its poor showing at the box office.

1991–1995

In 1991, Ryder played a young taxicab driver who dreams of becoming a mechanic in Jim Jarmusch's ''Night on Earth''. The film was only given a limited release at the box office, but received critical praise. Ryder then starred in the dual roles of Count Dracula's reincarnated love interest Mina Murray and Dracula's past lover Princess Elisabeta, in ''Bram Stoker's Dracula'' (1992), a project she brought to director Francis Ford Coppola's attention. In 1993, she starred in the melodrama ''The House of the Spirits'', based on Isabel Allende's novel. Ryder played the love interest of Antonio Banderas' character. Principal filming was done in Denmark and Portugal. The film was poorly reviewed and a box office flop, grossing just $6 million on its $40 million budget.

Ryder starred in ''The Age of Innocence'' with Michelle Pfeiffer and Daniel Day-Lewis, a film based on a novel by Edith Wharton and helmed by director Martin Scorsese, whom Ryder considers "the best director in the world." In the film, Ryder plays May Welland the fiancée of Newland Archer (Day-Lewis). The film, based in the 1870s, was principally filmed in New York and Paris. Her role in this movie won her a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress as well as an Academy Award nomination in the same category. Although not a commercial success, it received critical praise. Vincent Canby in the New York Times wrote; ‘Ms Ryder is wonderful as this sweet young thing who's hard as nails, as much out of ignorance as of self-interest.’

Ryder's next role was in the Generation X drama ''Reality Bites'' (1994), directed by Ben Stiller, playing a young woman searching for direction in her life. Her performance received acclaim and the studio hoped the film would gross a substantial amount of money, yet it flopped. Bruce Feldman, Universal Pictures' Vice-President of Marketing said: "The media labeled it as a Generation X picture, while we thought it was a comedy with broad appeal." The studio placed TV ads during programs chosen for their appeal to 12 to 34-year-olds and in interviews Stiller was careful not to mention the phrase "Generation X."

In 1994, Ryder was handpicked to play the lead role of Josephine March in ''Little Women'', an adaptation of Louisa May Alcott's novel. The film received widespread praise; critic Janet Maslin of ''The New York Times'' wrote that the film was the greatest adaptation of the novel, and remarked on Ryder's performance: "Ms. Ryder, whose banner year also includes a fine comic performance in 'Reality Bites,' plays Jo with spark and confidence. Her spirited presence gives the film an appealing linchpin, and she plays the self-proclaimed 'man of the family' with just the right staunchness." She received a Best Actress Oscar nomination the following year.

She made a guest appearance in ''The Simpsons'' episode "Lisa's Rival" as Allison Taylor, whose intelligence and over-achieving personality makes her a rival of Lisa's. Her next starring role was in ''How to Make an American Quilt'' (1995), an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Whitney Otto, co-starring Anne Bancroft. Ryder plays a college graduate who spends her summer hiatus at her grandmother's property to ponder on her boyfriend's recent marriage proposal. The film was not a commercial success, nor was it popular with critics.

1996–2000

Ryder made several film appearances in 1996, the first in ''Boys''. The film failed to become a box office success and attracted mostly negative critical reaction. Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' stated that "''Boys'' is a low-rent, dumbed-down version of ''Before Sunrise'', with a rent-a-plot substituting for clever dialogue." Her next role was in ''Looking for Richard'', Al Pacino's documentary on a production of Shakespeare's ''Richard III'', which grossed only $1 million at the box office, but drew moderate critical acclaim. She starred in ''The Crucible'' with Daniel Day-Lewis and Joan Allen. The film, an adaptation of Arthur Miller's play, centered on the Salem witch trials. The film was expected to be a success, considering its budget, but became a large failure. Despite this, it received acclaim critically, and Ryder's performance was lauded, with Peter Travers of ''Rolling Stone'' saying, "Ryder offers a transfixing portrait of warped innocence."

In December 1996, Ryder accepted a role as an android in ''Alien Resurrection'' (1997), alongside Sigourney Weaver, who had appeared in the entire ''Alien'' trilogy. Ryder's brother, Yuri, was a major fan of the film series, and when asked, she took the role. The film became one of the least successful entries in the ''Alien'' film series, but was considered a success as it grossed $161 million worldwide. Weaver's and Ryder's performances drew mostly positive reviews, and Ryder won a Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Actress. Ryder then starred in Woody Allen's ''Celebrity'' (1998), after Drew Barrymore turned down Ryder's role, in an ensemble cast. The film satirizes the lives of several celebrities.

In 1999, she performed in and served as an executive producer for ''Girl, Interrupted'', based on the 1993 autobiography of Susanna Kaysen. The film had been in project and post-production since late 1996, but it took time to surface. Ryder was deeply attached to the film, considering it her "child of the heart." Ryder starred as Kaysen, who has borderline personality disorder and was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for recovery. Ryder starred alongside Whoopi Goldberg and Angelina Jolie. While Ryder was expected to make her comeback with her leading role, the film instead became the "welcome-to-Hollywood coronation" for Jolie, who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance. Jolie thanked Ryder in her acceptance speech. The same year, Ryder was parodied in ''South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut''.

The following year, she starred in the romantic comedy ''Autumn in New York'', alongside Richard Gere. The film revolves around a relationship between an older man (Gere) and a younger woman (Ryder). ''Autumn in New York'' received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success, grossing $90 million at the worldwide box office. Ryder then played a nun of a secret society loosely connected to the Roman Catholic Church and determined to prevent Armageddon in ''Lost Souls'' (2000), which was a commercial failure. Ryder refused to do commercial promotion for the film. Later in 2000, she was one of several celebrities who made a small cameo appearance in ''Zoolander''. On October 6, 2000, Ryder received her own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, located directly in front of the Johnny Grant building next to the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard. She was the 2,165th recipient of this honor.

Hiatus, 2001–2005

Ryder had a hiatus after her shoplifting incident in 2001 (see below). The book ''Conversations with Woody Allen'' reports that in 2003 film director Woody Allen wanted to cast Robert Downey, Jr. and Ryder in his film ''Melinda and Melinda'', but was unable to do so because "I couldn't get insurance on them ... We couldn't get bonded. The completion bonding companies would not bond the picture unless we could insure them. [...] We were heartbroken because I had worked with Winona before [on ''Celebrity''] and thought she was perfect for this and wanted to work with her again."

In 2002, Ryder appeared in two movies, filmed before her arrest. The first was a romantic comedy titled ''Mr. Deeds'' with Adam Sandler. This was her most commercially successful movie to date, earning over $126 million in the United States alone. The film was not a critical success, however, film critic Philip French regards it a terrible film, saying that "remakes are often bad, but this one was particularly bad." The second film was the science fiction drama ''S1m0ne'' in which she portrayed a glamorous star who is replaced by a computer simulated actress due to the clandestine machinations of a director, portrayed by her ''Looking for Richard'' costar Al Pacino. In July 2003, she was number 183 on VH1's and People Magazine's "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons" countdown list.

2006–present

In 2006, following her hiatus, Ryder appeared in Richard Linklater's ''A Scanner Darkly'', a film based on Philip K. Dick's well-received science fiction novel of the same name. Ryder starred alongside Keanu Reeves, Robert Downey, Jr., and Woody Harrelson. Live action scenes were transformed with rotoscope software and the film was entirely animated. ''A Scanner Darkly'' was screened at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival and the 2006 Seattle International Film Festival. Critics disagreed over the film's merits; Carina Chocano of the ''Los Angeles Times'' found the film "engrossing" and wrote that "the brilliance of [the film] is how it suggests, without bombast or fanfare, the ways in which the real world has come to resemble the dark world of comic books." Matthew Turner of View London, believing the film to be "engaging" and "beautifully animated," praised the film for its "superb performances" and original, thought-provoking screenplay." Ryder appeared in the comedy ''The Darwin Awards'' with Joseph Fiennes. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2006.

Ryder reunited with ''Heathers'' screenwriter Daniel Waters for the surreal black comedy ''Sex and Death 101'' (2007). The story follows the sexual odysseys of successful businessman Roderick Blank, played by Simon Baker, who receives a mysterious e-mail on the eve of his wedding, listing all of his past and future sex partners. "We will be doing a sequel to ''Heathers'' next." Ryder stated. "There's ''Heathers'' in the real world! We have to keep going!" In a more recent interview Ryder was quoted as saying on the speculation of a ''Heathers'' sequel: "I don't know how much of the movie is official; it's a ways away. But it takes place in Washington and Christian Slater agreed to come back and make an Obi-Wan-type appearance. It's very funny."

Ryder appeared in David Wain's comedy ''The Ten''. The film centers around ten stories, each inspired by one of the Ten Commandments. The film debuted at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival on January 10, 2007, with a theatrical release on August 3, 2007. Ryder played the female lead opposite Wes Bentley and Ray Romano in Geoffrey Haley's 2008 offbeat romantic drama ''The Last Word''. In 2009, she starred as a newscaster in the movie version of ''The Informers''.

Ryder appeared in a cameo role for director J. J. Abrams's ''Star Trek'', as Spock's human mother Amanda Grayson, a role originally played by Jane Wyatt. Several media outlets have noted her return to the box office and upcoming roles as a remarkable comeback. She starred alongside Robin Wright and Julianne Moore in Rebecca Miller's ''The Private Lives of Pippa Lee'', released on February 9, 2009 at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival, with a limited US release scheduled for November 2009. On June 2, 2009, ''Entertainment Weekly'' reported that in an interview with Ryder in ''Empire'' magazine, she revealed that she and Christian Slater will reprise their roles in a sequel to ''Heathers''. In 2010, Ryder plays Beth McIntyre, an aging ballet star in Darren Aronofsky's ''Black Swan''. She also was cast in an independent film, ''Stay Cool'', alongside Hilary Duff, Mark Polish and Chevy Chase. The same year, she also starred as Lois Wilson in the TV movie, ''When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story'' for which she has received leading female Screen Actors Guild Award and Satellite Award nominations.

Ryder appeared in a leading role in the Ron Howard-directed film, ''The Dilemma'', previously called ''Cheaters'' and ''What You Don't Know''. The film, which also starred Vince Vaughn and Kevin James, began filming in Chicago in May 2010 and was released in January 2011. It was recently announced that she will be reunited with Tim Burton for a role in his upcoming animated 3D feature film ''Frankenweenie''. It is scheduled for a March 9, 2012 release date.

Personal life

Relationships

Ryder was engaged to actor Johnny Depp for three years beginning in July 1990. She met Depp at the ''Great Balls of Fire!'' premiere in June 1989; two months later they began dating. During their relationship, Depp had a tattoo placed on his arm reading "Winona Forever", which he had altered to "Wino Forever" after their separation. She has also dated Soul Asylum lead singer Dave Pirner, Bright Eyes frontman Conor Oberst, and actor Matt Damon.

Polly Klaas

In 1993, Ryder offered a reward in the hopes that it would lead to the return of kidnapped child Polly Klaas. Klaas lived in Petaluma, the same town where Ryder grew up. Ryder offered a $200,000 reward for the 12-year-old kidnap victim's safe return. After the girl's death, Ryder starred in the 1994 film adaptation of ''Little Women'' by Louisa May Alcott and dedicated it to her memory. ''Little Women'' was one of Klaas's favorite novels. During a sentencing hearing related to the 2001 shoplifting incident (see below), Ryder's attorney, Mark Geragos, referred to her work with the Polly Klaas Foundation and other charitable causes. In response, Deputy District Attorney Ann Rundle said: "What's offensive to me is to trot out the body of a dead child." Ryder was visibly upset at the accusation and Rundle was admonished by the judge. Outside the courthouse, Polly's father Marc Klaas defended Ryder and expressed outrage at the prosecutor's comments.

2001 arrest

On December 12, 2001, Ryder was arrested on shoplifting charges in Beverly Hills, California. She was accused of stealing $5,500 worth of designer clothes and accessories at a Saks Fifth Avenue department store. Los Angeles District Attorney Stephen Cooley produced a team of eight prosecutors. Cooley filed four felony charges against her in what was described by British newspaper ''The Guardian'' as a "show-trial." Ryder hired noted celebrity defense attorney Mark Geragos. Negotiations for a plea bargain failed at the end of summer 2002. As noted by Joel Mowbray from ''National Review'', the prosecution was not ready to offer the actress what was given to 5,000 other defendants in similar cases, an open door to a no-contest plea on misdemeanor charges. Ryder agreed under signature to pay two Civil Demands, as permitted under California's Statute for Civil Recovery for Shoplifting, from Saks Fifth Avenue that completely reimbursed Saks Fifth Avenue for the stolen and surrendered merchandise while detained in the Security Offices of the Saks Fifth Avenue store, and before she was read her Miranda rights and arrested by the Los Angeles Police Department.

During the trial, she was accused of using drugs without valid prescriptions. Ryder was convicted of grand theft, shoplifting and vandalism, but was acquitted on the third felony charge, burglary. In December 2002, she was sentenced to three years' probation, 480 hours of community service, $3,700 in fines, $6,355 in restitution to the Saks Fifth Avenue store, and ordered to attend psychological and drug counseling. After reviewing Ryder's probation report, Superior Court Judge Elden Fox noted that Ryder served 480 hours of community service and on June 18, 2004, the felonies were reduced to misdemeanors. Ryder remained on probation until December 2005.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1986		Rina
1987		Gemma Dillard
1988	''Beetlejuice''	Lydia Deetz
1988		Beth Karr
1989	''Heathers''	Veronica Sawyer
1989
1990	''Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael''	Dinky Bossetti
1990	''Edward Scissorhands''	Kim Boggs
1990		Charlotte Flax
1991		Corky
1992
1993		May Welland
1993		Blanca Trueba
1994	''Reality Bites''	Lelaina Pierce
1994		Josephine "Jo" March
1995	''How to Make an American Quilt''	Finn Dodd
1996		Patty Vare
1996	''Looking for Richard''		Documentary film
1996		Abigail Williams
1997	''Alien Resurrection''	Annalee Call
1998		Nola
1999		Susanna Kaysen	Also executive producer
2000		Charlotte Fielding
2000		Maya Larkin
2001	''Zoolander''	Herself	Uncredited cameo
2002	''Mr. Deeds''	Babe Bennett/Pam Dawson
2002	''S1m0ne''	Nicola Anders
2003	''The Day My God Died''	Narrator	Voice acting
2004	''[[The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things''	Psychologist	Uncredited
2006		Siri
2006		Donna Hawthorne
2007	''The Ten''	Kelly LaFonda
2007	''Sex and Death 101''	Gillian De Raisx/Death Nell
2007	''Welcome''	Cynthia	Short film
2008		Charlotte Morris
2009	''Water Pills''	Carrie	Short film
2009		Cheryl Laine
2009	''The Private Lives of Pippa Lee''	Sandra
2009	''Stay Cool''	Scarlet Smith
2009		Amanda Grayson
2010	''When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story''		TV film
2010		Beth MacIntyre
2011		Geneva Backman
2012		Elsa Van Helsing	Voice Role
2012	''The Stare''	Martine	''Post-production''

Television series

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1994	''The Simpsons''	Allison Taylor	Episode: "Lisa's Rival"
1996	''Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist''	Hayley Christie	Episode: "Monte Carlo"
1998	''The Larry Sanders Show''	Herself	Episode: "Another List"
2000	''Strangers with Candy''	Fran	Episode: "The Last Temptation of Blank"
2001	''Friends''	Melissa Warburton	Episode: "The One with Rachel's Big Kiss"

Awards and nominations

Independent Spirit Award Best Supporting Actress Female Star of Tomorrow Best Young Artist Starring in a Motion Picture Golden GlobeSaturn AwardSaturn Award rowspan="2" Best Supporting Actress Academy Award Best Kiss Best Supporting Actress Academy Award rowspan="3" Screen Actors Guild Award ShoWest Award Saturn Award Favorite Actress - Drama - Motion Picture Razzie AwardTeen Choice AwardRazzie AwardScream AwardSatellite Award

		!Award	!Category	!Film	!Result
rowspan="5">1990	|	Best Female Lead	''Heathers''	<
Chicago Film Critics Association Award	Best Actress
NBR Award	|	Mermaids (film)>Mermaids''
ShoWest Award	|	-
Young Artist Award	| ''Great Balls of Fire!''
1991	|	Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture	Mermaids (film)>Mermaids''
rowspan="2">1992	|	Best Actress	''Edward Scissorhands''	<
Sant Jordi Award	Best Foreign Actress (Mejor Actriz Extranjera)
rowspan="3">1993	|	Best Actress	Dracula (1992 film)	Bram Stoker's Dracula'' |><
MTV Movie Award	Best Kiss
NBR Award	|	''The Age of Innocence''
rowspan="5">1994	|		Best Actress in a Supporting Role	<
BAFTA Film Award
Golden Globe	Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture
MTV Movie Award	|	''Reality Bites''
SEFCA Award	|	''The Age of Innocence''
rowspan="3">1995	|	Best Actress in a Leading Role	Little Women (1994 film)	Little Women'' |><
Chlotrudis Award	Best Actress
KCFCC Award
rowspan="2">1996	|	Best Performance by an Ensemble Cast	''How to Make an American Quilt''	<
MTV Movie Award	Best Kiss
1997	|	Female Star of the Year	-
rowspan="2">1998	|	Best Supporting Actress	''Alien Resurrection''	<
rowspan=2	Blockbuster Entertainment Award	Favorite Supporting Actress - Sci-Fi
rowspan="3">2000	|	Girl, Interrupted (film)>Girl, Interrupted''	<
Peter J. Owens Award	|	-
Star on the Walk of Fame	|	-
2001	|	Worst Screen Couple	Autumn in New York (film)>Autumn in New York'' (with Richard Gere)
2002	|	Film - Choice Actress, Comedy	''Mr. Deeds''
2003	|	Worst Actress
2009	|	Best Cameo	Star Trek (film)>Star Trek''
rowspan="3">2010	|	Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Movie	''When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story''	<
rowspan="2">Screen Actors Guild Award
Best Performance by an Ensemble Cast	Black Swan (film)>Black Swan''

References

External links

Category:1971 births Category:Actors from California Category:Actors from Minnesota Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American Jews Category:American people convicted of theft Category:American people of Romanian descent Category:American people of Russian descent Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Jewish actors Category:Living people Category:People from Olmsted County, Minnesota Category:People from Sonoma County, California Category:American voice actors Category:American television actors

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birth date	June 09, 1963
birth place	Owensboro, Kentucky, U.S.
birth name	John Christopher Depp II
spouse	Lori Anne Allison (1983–1986)
partner	Sherilyn Fenn (1985–1988)Winona Ryder (1989–1993)Kate Moss (1994–1998)Vanessa Paradis (1998–present)
children	Lily-Rose Melody Depp (born 1999)John Christopher "Jack" Depp III (born 2002)
years active	1984–present
occupation	Actor, screenwriter, director, producer, musician }}

John Christopher "Johnny" Depp II (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor and musician. He has won the Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild award for Best Actor. Depp rose to prominence on the 1980s television series ''21 Jump Street'', becoming a teen idol. Turning to film, he played the title character of ''Edward Scissorhands'' (1990), and later found box office success in films such as ''Sleepy Hollow'' (1999), ''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'' (2005), ''Rango'' (2011), and the ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' film series (2003–present). He has collaborated with director and friend Tim Burton in seven films, their most recent collaboration being ''Alice in Wonderland'' (2010).

Depp has gained acclaim for his portrayals of people such as Edward D. Wood, Jr., in ''Ed Wood'', Joseph D. Pistone in ''Donnie Brasco'', Hunter S. Thompson in ''Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas'', George Jung in ''Blow'', and the bank robber John Dillinger in Michael Mann's ''Public Enemies''. Films featuring Depp have grossed over $3.1 billion at the United States box office and over $7.6 billion worldwide. He has been nominated for top awards many times, winning the Best Actor Awards from the Golden Globes for ''Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street'' and from the Screen Actors Guild for ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl''. He also has garnered a sex symbol status in American cinema, being twice named as the Sexiest man alive by People magazine in 2003 and 2009.

Early life

Childhood

Depp was born in Owensboro, Kentucky, the son of John Christopher Depp, Sr., a civil engineer, and his wife, the former Betty Sue Wells, a waitress. He has one brother, Daniel, who is a novelist, and two sisters, Christie (now his personal manager) and Debbie. The Depp family in the United States began with a French Huguenot immigrant, Pierre Deppe or Dieppe, who settled in Virginia around 1700, part of a refugee colony situated above the falls on the James River. The actor has also surmised that he is part Native American, saying in 2011, "I guess I have some Native American [in me] somewhere down the line. My great-grandmother was quite a bit of Native American, she grew up Cherokee or maybe Creek Indian. Makes sense in terms of coming from Kentucky, which is rife with Cherokee and Creek." More recently a hereditary connection between Depp and Queen Elizabeth II was discovered possibly making him her twentieth cousin.

The family moved frequently during Depp's childhood, and he and his siblings lived in more than 20 different locations, settling in Miramar, Florida, in 1970. In 1978, Depp's parents divorced. His mother married, as her second husband, Robert Palmer (died 2000), whom Depp called "an inspiration to me". He engaged in self-harm as a child, due to the stress of dealing with family problems. He has seven or eight self-inflicted scars. In a 1993 interview, he explained his self-injury by saying, "My body is a journal in a way. It's like what sailors used to do, where every tattoo meant something, a specific time in your life when you make a mark on yourself, whether you do it yourself with a knife or with a professional tattoo artist".

1980s

With the gift of a guitar from his mother when he was twelve, Depp began playing in various garage bands. His first band was in honor of his girlfriend, Meredith. A year after his parents' divorce, Depp dropped out of high school to become a rock musician. He attempted to go back to school two weeks later, but the principal told him to follow his dream of being a musician. He played with The Kids, a band that enjoyed modest local success. The Kids set out together for Los Angeles in pursuit of a record deal, changing their name to Six Gun Method, but the group split up before signing a record deal. Depp subsequently collaborated with the band Rock City Angels and co-wrote their song "Mary", which appeared on Rock City Angels' debut for Geffen Records titled ''Young Man's Blues''.

On December 24, 1983, Depp married Lori Anne Allison, a makeup artist and sister of his band's bass player and singer. During Depp's marriage, his wife worked as a makeup artist, while he worked a variety of odd jobs, including a telemarketer for pens. His wife introduced him to actor Nicolas Cage, who advised Depp to pursue an acting career. Depp and his wife divorced in 1985. Depp later dated and was engaged to actress Sherilyn Fenn (whom he met on the set of the 1985 short film ''Dummies''). Both Fenn and Depp auditioned for the 1986 film ''Thrashin''' and they were both cast, with Depp being chosen by the film's director to star as the lead, which would have been Depp's second major role. Depp was later turned down by the film's producer, who rejected the director's decision.

Career

Television

Depp starred in a lead role on the Fox television series, ''21 Jump Street'', which premiered in 1987. Depp accepted this role to work with actor Frederic Forrest, who inspired him. Depp's long time friend Sal Jenco joined the cast as a semi-co-star as the janitor named Blowfish. The series' success turned Depp into a popular teen idol during the late 1980s. He felt "forced into the role of product." Depp decided to appear only in films that he felt were right for him.

Film roles

Depp's first major role was in the 1984 classic horror film ''A Nightmare on Elm Street'', playing the boyfriend of the heroine, Nancy Thompson (played by Heather Langenkamp) and one of Freddy Krueger's victims. Depp was the first choice and was cast to star in the 1986 American skater drama film ''Thrashin''', chosen and cast by the director but ultimately rejected by the film's producer. In 1986, he appeared in a secondary role as a Vietnamese-speaking private in Oliver Stone's ''Platoon''. In 1990, he undertook the quirky title role of the Tim Burton film, ''Edward Scissorhands''. The film's success began his long association with Burton.

Depp, a fan and long-time friend of writer Hunter S. Thompson, played a version of Thompson (named Raoul Duke) in 1998's ''Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas'', based on the writer's pseudobiographical novel of the same name. Depp accompanied Thompson as his road manager on one of the author's last book tours. In 2006, Depp contributed a foreword to ''Gonzo: Photographs by Hunter S. Thompson'', a posthumous biography published by ammobooks.com. In 2008, he narrated the documentary film ''Gonzo: The Life and Work of Dr. Hunter S. Thompson''. Depp paid for most of Thompson's memorial event, complete with fireworks and the shooting of Thompson's ashes by a cannon, in Aspen, Colorado, where Thompson lived. He returned to Thompson's work with a film adaptation of the novel ''The Rum Diary'', released in 2011.

Critics have described Depp's roles as characters who are "iconic loners." Depp has noted this period of his career was full of "studio defined failures" and films that were "box office poison," but he thought the studios never understood the films and did not do a good job of marketing. Depp has chosen roles which he found interesting, rather than those he thought would succeed at the box office. The 2003 Walt Disney Pictures film ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl'' was a major success, in which Depp's performance as the suave pirate Captain Jack Sparrow was highly praised. Studio bosses were more ambivalent at first, but the character became popular with the movie-going public. According to a survey taken by Fandango, Depp was a major draw for audiences. The film's director, Gore Verbinski, has said that Depp's character closely resembles the actor's personality, but Depp said he modeled the character after Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards. Depp was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for the role.

In 2004, he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor, for playing Scottish author J. M. Barrie in the film ''Finding Neverland''. Depp next starred as Willy Wonka in the 2005 film ''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'', a major success at the box office and earning him a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy.

Depp returned to the role of Jack Sparrow for the sequel ''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest'', which opened on July 7, 2006 and grossed $135.5 million in the first three days of its U.S. release, breaking a box office record of the highest weekend tally. The next sequel to ''Pirates of the Caribbean'', ''At World's End'', was released May 24, 2007. Depp has said that Sparrow is "definitely a big part of me", and he wants to play the role in further sequels. Depp voiced Sparrow in the video game, ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Legend of Jack Sparrow''. Johnny Depp's swashbuckling sword talents as developed for the character of Jack Sparrow, were highlighted in the documentary film ''Reclaiming the Blade''. Within the film, Swordmaster Bob Anderson shared his experiences working with Depp on the choreography for ''The Curse of the Black Pearl''. Anderson described in the film Depp's ability as an actor to pick up the sword to be "about as good as you can get."

Depp and Gore Verbinski were executive producers of the album ''Rogues Gallery, Pirate Ballads, Sea Songs and Chanteys.'' Depp played the title role of Sweeney Todd in Tim Burton's film adaptation of the musical, for which he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. Depp thanked the Hollywood Foreign Press Association and praised Tim Burton for his "unwavering trust and support."

Depp played the former Heath Ledger character in the 2009 film, ''The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus'' along with Jude Law and Colin Farrell. All three actors gave their salaries from the film to Ledger's daughter, Matilda. He portrayed the Mad Hatter in Burton's ''Alice in Wonderland'', and the titular character in ''Rango''.

Future roles

Depp will appear in a film version of writer Hunter S. Thompson's book, ''The Rum Diary'', portraying the main character, Paul Kemp. In 2007, Depp accepted Warner Bros.' proposal to make a film of the gothic soap opera ''Dark Shadows'', a series that aired on ABC from 1966 to 1971. He had been a fan as a child. Depp and Graham King will produce the movie with David Kennedy, who ran Dan Curtis Productions inc. until Curtis died in 2006. Depp will also produce ''Hugo'', based on the novel ''The Invention of Hugo Cabret'', film a documentary about Keith Richards, and have a cameo appearance in ''Jack & Jill''. Depp will make a cameo appearance in a film adaptation of ''21 Jump Street'', the show he starred in during the late 1980s. Depp will star in and produce an adaptation of the comic book ''Rex Mundi''. Depp will collaborate with ''Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides'' director Rob Marshall again to create a remake of ''The Thin Man''. Depp also showed interest in starring in the next ''Sin City'' films, with Robert Rodriguez wanting him to star as Wallace. Depp was going to star as Tonto in an upcoming ''Lone Ranger'' film, but the project has currently been shelved due to budgetary concerns as well as a lack-lustre response to a recently-released Western-genre film (''Cowboys & Aliens''). Depp plans to star as Carl Kolchak in the project ''Night Stalker'', and has bought rights to the comic book ''The Vault''.

Collaboration with Tim Burton

Depp has collaborated with director and close friend Tim Burton in seven films, beginning with ''Edward Scissorhands'' (1990), opposite Winona Ryder and Vincent Price. His next role with Burton was in the 1994 film, ''Ed Wood''. Depp later said that "within 10 minutes of hearing about the project, I was committed." At the time, the actor was depressed about films and filmmaking. This part gave him a "chance to stretch out and have some fun"; he said working with Landau "rejuvenated my love for acting".

Depp did not work with Burton again until 2005 in ''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'', in which he played Willy Wonka. Depp modeled the character's hair on Anna Wintour. The film was a box office success and received positive critical reception. Gene Wilder, who played Willy Wonka in the 1971 film, initially criticized this version. ''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'' was released in July, followed by ''Corpse Bride'', for which Depp voiced the character Victor Van Dort, in September.

''Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street'' (2007) followed, bringing Depp his second major award win, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy as well as his third nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. Burton first gave him an original cast recording of the 1979 stage musical in 2000. Although not a fan of the musical genre, Depp grew to like the tale's treatment. He cited Peter Lorre in ''Mad Love'' (1935) as his main influence for the role, and practiced the songs his character would perform while filming ''Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End''. Although he had performed in musical groups, Depp was initially unsure that he would be able to sustain Stephen Sondheim's lyrics. Depp recorded demos and worked with Bruce Witkin to shape his vocals without a qualified voice coach. In the ''DVD Reviews'' section, ''Entertainment Weekly'''s Chris Nashawaty gave the film an A minus, stating, "Depp's soaring voice makes you wonder what other tricks he's been hiding... Watching Depp's barber wield his razors... it's hard not to be reminded of ''Edward Scissorhands'' frantically shaping hedges into animal topiaries 18 years ago... and all of the twisted beauty we would've missed out on had [Burton and Depp] never met." In his introduction to ''Burton on Burton'', a book of interviews with the director, Depp called Burton "...a brother, a friend,...and [a] brave soul". The next Depp-Burton collaboration was ''Alice in Wonderland'' (2010). Depp played the Mad Hatter alongside Helena Bonham Carter, Anne Hathaway and Alan Rickman.

Production company

In 2004, Depp formed his production company Infinitum Nihil to develop projects where he will serve as actor and/or producer. Depp is the founder and CEO, while his sister, Christi Dembrowski, serves as president. The company's first production came in 2011 with ''The Rum Diary'', adapted from the novel of the same name by Hunter S. Thompson. The film is written and directed by Bruce Robinson. Also in 2011, ''Hugo'', directed by Martin Scorsese, was released. In 2012, they will release ''Dark Shadows'', directed by Tim Burton.

Other interests

Music

As a guitar player, Depp has played slide guitar on the Oasis song "Fade In-Out" (from ''Be Here Now,'' 1997), as well as on "Fade Away (Warchild Version)" (b-side of the "Don't Go Away" single). He also played acoustic guitar in the movie ''Chocolat'' and on the soundtrack to ''Once Upon a Time in Mexico.'' He is a friend of The Pogues' Shane MacGowan, and performed on MacGowan's first solo album. He was also a member of P, a group featuring Butthole Surfers singer Gibby Haynes, Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist Flea and Sex Pistols guitarist Steve Jones. He has appeared in Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers' music video "Into the Great Wide Open". He made a cameo as the Mad Hatter in the music video for Avril Lavigne's "Alice" in 2010.

Winemaker and restaurateur

Depp and Paradis grow grapes and have wine making facilities in their vineyard in Plan-de-la-Tour north of Saint-Tropez. He is known for a fondness of French wines: among Depp's favorites are the Bordeaux wines Château Calon-Ségur, Château Cheval Blanc and Château Pétrus, and the Burgundy wine Domaine de la Romanée-Conti. Interviewed in ''Madame Figaro'', he stated, "With those wines, you reach nirvana". Along with Sean Penn, John Malkovich and Mick Hucknall, Depp co-owned the Parisian restaurant-bar Man Ray, located near the Champs-Élysées.

Personal life

Family and relationships

Depp was engaged to actress Winona Ryder for three years beginning in July 1990. They met at the ''Great Balls of Fire!'' premiere in June 1989; two months later they began dating. The relationship was highly publicized and received much scrutiny by the media and tabloid press.

Since 1998, following a four year relationship with British supermodel Kate Moss, Depp has had a relationship with Vanessa Paradis, a French actress and singer whom he met while filming ''The Ninth Gate''.

The couple have two children. Daughter Lily-Rose Melody Depp was born May 27, 1999, and son John "Jack" Christopher Depp III was born April 9, 2002. To thank Great Ormond Street Hospital, Depp visited the hospital in November 2007 dressed in his Captain Jack Sparrow outfit and spent 4 hours reading stories to the children. In 2008 he donated £1 million (about $2 million) to the hospital.

Although Depp has not remarried, he has stated that having children has given him "real foundation, a real strong place to stand in life, in work, in everything." "You can't plan the kind of deep love that results in children. Fatherhood was not a conscious decision. It was part of the wonderful ride I was on. It was destiny; kismet. All the math finally worked." The family divides its time between their home in Meudon, located in the suburbs of Paris, Los Angeles, an island he bought in The Bahamas, and their villa in Le Plan-de-la-Tour, a small town 20 km from Saint-Tropez, in the south of France. Depp also acquired a vineyard estate in the Plan-de-la-Tour area in 2007.

Legal issues

In 1994, Depp was arrested and questioned by police for allegedly causing serious damage to a New York City hotel suite.

He was arrested again in 1999 for brawling with paparazzi outside a restaurant while dining in London with Paradis.

Tattoos

Depp has around 13 tattoos, many of them signifying important persons or events in his life. They include a Native American in profile and a ribbon reading "Wino Forever" (originally "Winona Forever", altered after his breakup with Winona Ryder) on his right biceps, "Lily-Rose" (his daughter's name) over his heart, "Betty Sue" (his mother's name) on his left biceps, and a sparrow flying over water with the word "Jack" (his son's name; the sparrow is flying towards him rather than away from him as it is in ''Pirates of the Caribbean'') on his right forearm.

Unannounced appearance on set

On October 8, 2010, Depp made an unannounced appearance at a London Primary School near where he was filming scenes for ''Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides''. He turned up dressed as his character Jack Sparrow after receiving a letter from a pupil asking for his help with a class mutiny.

Controversy

Comments on U.S.

In 2003, Depp's comments about the United States appeared in Germany's ''Stern'' magazine: "America is dumb, is something like a dumb puppy that has big teeth — that can bite and hurt you, aggressive." Although he later asserted that the magazine misquoted him and the quotation was taken out of context, Stern stood by its story, as did CNN.com in its coverage of the interview. CNN added his remark that he would like his children "to see America as a toy, a broken toy. Investigate it a little, check it out, get this feeling and then get out." The July 17, 2006 edition of ''Newsweek'' reprinted the "dumb puppy" quotation, verbatim, in the context of a Letter to the Magazine. Depp has also disagreed with subsequent media reports that he says paint him as a "European wannabe", saying that he likes the anonymity of living in France and his simpler life there.

Awards and nominations

Some of the awards that Depp has won include honors from the London Film Critics Circle (1996), Russian Guild of Film Critics (1998), Screen Actors Guild Awards (2004) and a Golden Globe for Best Actor. At the 2008 MTV Movie Awards, he won the award for "Best Villain" for his portrayal of Sweeney Todd and "Best Comedic Performance" for Jack Sparrow. Depp has been nominated for three Academy Awards, in 2004 for ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl'', in 2005 for ''Finding Neverland'', and in 2008 for ''Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street''. Depp won his first Golden Globe for his portrayal of Sweeney Todd in 2008.

Filmography

+
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes	! Budget	! Gross
1984	''''			$1.8 million	$25,504,513
1985	''Private Resort''	Jack Marshall		N/A	$331,816
1986		Specialist Gator Lerner		$6 million	$138,530,565
1990	''Cry-Baby''	Wade "Cry-Baby" Walker		$12 million	$8,266,343
1990	''Edward Scissorhands''	Edward Scissorhands	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy	$20 million	$86,024,005
1991	''Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare''	Teen on TV	Cameo (as Oprah Noodlemantra)	$11 million	$34,872,033
1993	''What's Eating Gilbert Grape''	Gilbert Grape		$11 million	$10,032,765
1993	''Benny & Joon''	Sam	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy	N/A	$23,261,580
1993	''Arizona Dream''	Axel Blackmar		N/A	$112,547
1994		Edward D. Wood, Jr.	London Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor also for ''Don Juan DeMarco''Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy	$18 million	$5,887,457
1995		Gene Watson		N/A	$8,175,346
1995	''Dead Man''	William Blake		$9 million	$1,037,847
1995	''Don Juan DeMarco''	Don Juan/John R. DeMarco		$25 million	$68,792,531
1996		Himself		N/A	N/A
1997		Donnie Brasco/Joseph D. Pistone		$35 million	$124,909,762
1997	''''	Raphael	Nominated—Best Actor Award (Cannes Film Festival)	N/A	N/A
1998		Raoul Duke	playing Hunter S. Thompson	$18.5 million	$10,680,275
1998	''L.A. Without a Map''	Himself/William Blake	Cameo	N/A	N/A
1999		Ichabod Crane	Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Saturn Award for Best Actor	$70 million	$206,071,502
1999	''''	Spencer Armacost		$75 million	$19,598,588
1999	''''	Dean Corso		$38 million	$58,401,898
2000		Roux	Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture	$25 million	$152,699,946
2000		Lt. Victor, Bon Bon		N/A	$8,527,517
2001		Frederick Abberline	Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actor	$35 million	$74,558,115
2000	''''	Cesar	(Limited release)		$1,790,840
2001		George Jung		$53 million	$83,282,296
2003	''Once Upon a Time in Mexico''	Sheldon Sands	Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture	$29 million	$98,185,582
2003	''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl''		Empire Award for Best ActorIrish Film Award for Best International ActorScreen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading RoleNominated—Academy Award for Best ActorNominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading RoleNominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Online Film Critics Society Award for Best ActorNominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best ActorNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Saturn Award for Best ActorNominated—Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor	$140 million	$654,264,015
2004		L'inconnu	Cameo	N/A	$6,204,504
2004	''Finding Neverland''	J. M. Barrie		$25 million	$118,676,606
2004	''Secret Window''	Mort Rainey		$40 million	$92,913,171
2004	''''	John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester		$20 million	$10,852,064
2005		Willy Wonka	Sony Ericsson Empire Awards	$150 million	$474,968,763
2005	''[[Corpse Bride''			$40 million	$117,195,061
2006	''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest''	Captain Jack Sparrow	Sony Ericsson Empire Awards	$225 million	$1,066,179,725
2007	''[[Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End''	Captain Jack Sparrow	Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie StarMTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceRembrandt Award for Best International ActorNominated—National Movie Award for Best Performance by a MaleNominated—Teen Choice Award for Best Action Adventure Actor	$300 million	$963,420,425
2007		Sweeney Todd/Benjamin Barker		$50 million	$152,523,164
2009		John Dillinger	Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama	$100 million	$214,104,620
2009	''''	Tony (1st transformation)	Shared role with Colin Farrell and Jude Law after the death of Heath Ledger	$30 million	$61,808,775
2010		Mad Hatter	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—MTV Movie Award for Global SuperstarNominated—National Movie Award for Best PerformanceNominated—Teen Choice Award for Best Fantasy Actor	$200 million	$1,024,299,904
2010	''''	Frank Tupelo/Alexander Pearce		$100 million	$278,346,189
2011		Rango	Voice acting	$135 million	$242,605,737
2011	''[[Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides''	Captain Jack Sparrow		$250 million	$1,032,828,392
2011	''''	Paul Kemp	post-production	$65 million
2011			Cameopost-production
2012			Cameopost-production
2012		Barnabas Collins	filming

+ Producer
! Year	! Title	Notes
2011		post-production
2011		post-production
2012		filming

+ Director
! Year	! Title	Notes
1992		short film
1997	''The Brave''
2012	''Keith Richards Documentary''	filming

+ Writer
! Year	! Title
1997	''The Brave''

+ Documentary
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1999		Jack Kerouac
2002	''Lost in La Mancha''	Himself	Uncredited role
2006	''Deep Sea 3D''	Narrator
2007		Himself
2008	''Gonzo: The Life and Work of Dr. Hunter S. Thompson''	Narrator
2010	''When You're Strange''	Narrator

+ Music
! Year	! Title	Songs
2000		"Minor Swing","They're Red Hot","Caravan"
2003	''Once Upon a Time in Mexico''	"Sands' Theme"
2007		"No Place Like London","My Friends","Pirelli's Miracle Elixir","Pretty Women","Epiphany","A Little Priest","Johanna (Act II)","By The Sea","The Judge's Return","Final Scene (Part 1)","Final Scene (Part 2)"

+ Television
Year	! Production	! Role	Notes
1985		Lionel Viland	Episode: "Beasts of Prey"
1986		Donnie Fleischer	TV film
1987–1991	''21 Jump Street''	Officer Thomas "Tom" Hanson, Jr.	TV series (57 episodes)
1987		Rob Cameron	Episode: "Unfinished Business"
1999	''The Vicar of Dibley''	Himself	Episode: "Celebrity Party"
2000	''The Fast Show''	Himself	Episode: "The Last Ever Fast Show"
2004	''King of the Hill''	Yogi Victor (voice)
2009	''SpongeBob SquarePants''	Jack Kahuna Laguna (voice)	Episode: "SpongeBob vs. The Big One"

References

Bibliography

External links

Category:1963 births Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:Actors from Florida Category:Actors from Kentucky Category:American expatriates in France Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American people of French descent Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Living people Category:People from Owensboro, Kentucky Category:People of Huguenot descent

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birth name	Drew Blyth Barrymore
birth date	February 22, 1975
birth place	Culver City, California, United States
parents	John Drew Barrymore Jaid Barrymore
years active	1978–present
occupation	Actress, film director, screenwriter, producer, model
spouse
relations	John Barrymore (grandfather)
website	}}

Drew Blyth Barrymore (born February 22, 1975) is an American actress, film director, screenwriter, producer and model. She is a member of the Barrymore family of American actors and granddaughter of John Barrymore. She first appeared in an advertisement when she was 11 months old. Barrymore made her film debut in ''Altered States'' in 1980. Afterwards, she starred in her breakout role in ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial''. She quickly became one of Hollywood's most recognized child actors, going on to establish herself in mainly comic roles.

Following a turbulent childhood which was marked by drug and alcohol abuse and two stints in rehab, Barrymore wrote the 1990 autobiography, ''Little Girl Lost''. She successfully made the transition from child star to adult actress with a number of films including ''Poison Ivy'', ''Bad Girls'', ''Boys on the Side'', and ''Everyone Says I Love You''. Subsequently, she established herself in romantic comedies such as ''The Wedding Singer'' and ''Lucky You''.

In 1995, she and business partner Nancy Juvonen formed the production company Flower Films, with its first production the 1999 Barrymore film ''Never Been Kissed''. Flower Films has gone on to produce the Barrymore vehicle films ''Charlie's Angels'', ''50 First Dates'', and ''Music and Lyrics'', as well as the cult film ''Donnie Darko''. Barrymore's more recent projects include ''He's Just Not That into You'', ''Beverly Hills Chihuahua'', ''Everybody's Fine'' and ''Going the Distance''. A recipient of a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Barrymore appeared on the cover of the 2007 ''People'' magazine's 100 Most Beautiful issue.

Barrymore was named Ambassador Against Hunger for the UN World Food Programme (WFP). Since then, she has donated over US$1 million to the program. In 2007, she became both CoverGirl's newest model and spokeswoman for the cosmetic and the face for Gucci's newest jewelry line. In 2010, she was awarded the Screen Actors Guild Award and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film for her portrayal of Little Edie in ''Grey Gardens''.

Early life

Barrymore was born in Culver City, California, the daughter of American actor John Drew Barrymore and Jaid Barrymore ( Makó), an aspiring actress. Barrymore's mother was born in a Displaced Persons camp in Brannenburg, West Germany to Hungarian World War II refugees. Barrymore's father was of mainly English and Irish ancestry. Her parents divorced after she was born. She has one half-brother, John Blyth Barrymore, also an actor, and two half-sisters, Blyth Dolores Barrymore and (Brahma) Jessica Blyth Barrymore.

Barrymore was born into acting: her great-grandparents Maurice Barrymore and Georgie Drew Barrymore, Maurice Costello and Mae Costello ( Altschuk) and her grandparents John Barrymore and Dolores Costello, were all actors; John Barrymore was arguably the most acclaimed actor of his generation. She is the niece of Diana Barrymore and the grandniece of Lionel Barrymore, Ethel Barrymore and Helene Costello, the great-great-granddaughter of John Drew and actress Louisa Lane Drew, and the great grandniece of Broadway idol John Drew, Jr. and silent film actor/writer/director Sidney Drew. She is also the god-daughter of director Steven Spielberg, and Sophia Loren.

Her first name, ''Drew'', was the maiden name of her paternal great-grandmother, ''Georgie Drew Barrymore''; her middle name, ''Blyth'', was the original surname of the dynasty founded by her great-grandfather, ''Maurice Barrymore''.

Career

Early career

Barrymore's career began when she was auditioned for a dog food commercial at 11 months old. When she was bitten by her canine co-star, the producers were afraid she would cry, but she merely laughed, and was hired for the job. She made her film debut in ''Altered States'' (1980), in which she got a small part. A year later, she landed the role of Gertie, the younger sister of Elliott, in ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'', which made her famous. She received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actress in 1984 for her role in ''Irreconcilable Differences'', in which she starred as a young girl divorcing her parents. In a review in the ''Chicago Sun-Times'', Roger Ebert states: "Barrymore is the right actress for this role precisely because she approaches it with such grave calm."

Rebellious era

In the wake of this sudden stardom, Barrymore endured a notoriously troubled childhood. She was already a regular at the famed Studio 54 when she was a little girl, smoking cigarettes at age nine, drinking alcohol by the time she was 11, smoking marijuana at 12, and snorting cocaine at 13. Her nightlife and constant partying became a popular subject with the media. She was in rehab at age 13. A suicide attempt at age 14 put her back in rehab, followed by a three-month stay with singer David Crosby and his wife. The stay was precipitated, Crosby said, because she "needed to be around some people that were committed to sobriety." Barrymore later described this period of her life in her autobiography, ''Little Girl Lost.'' The next year, following a successful juvenile court petition for emancipation, she moved into her own apartment.

In her late teens, her rebelliousness played itself out on screen and in print. Barrymore forged an image as a manipulative teenage seductress, beginning with the film ''Poison Ivy'' (1992), which was a box office failure, but was popular on video and cable. That same year, at the age of 17, she posed nude for the cover of the July issue of ''Interview'' magazine with her then-fiancé, actor Jamie Walters, as well as appearing nude in pictures inside the issue. She also underwent breast reduction surgery in 1992, and has said on the subject:

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In 1993, Barrymore earned a second Golden Globe nomination, this time for the film ''Guncrazy''. Barrymore would go on to pose nude for the January 1995 issue of ''Playboy''. Steven Spielberg, who directed her in ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'' when she was a child and was her godfather, gave her a quilt for her 20th birthday with a note that read, "Cover yourself up". Enclosed were copies of her ''Playboy'' pictures, with the pictures altered by his art department so that she appeared fully clothed. During a 1995 appearance on ''Late Show with David Letterman'', Barrymore climbed onto David Letterman's desk and bared her breasts to him, her back to the camera, in celebration of his birthday. She modeled in a series of ''Guess?'' jeans ads during this time.

Return to prominence

In 1995, Barrymore starred in ''Boys on the Side'' opposite Whoopi Goldberg and Mary-Louise Parker, and had a cameo role in Joel Schumacher's film ''Batman Forever'', in which she portrayed a moll to Tommy Lee Jones' character, Two-Face. The following year, she made a cameo in the successful horror film ''Scream''. Barrymore has continued to be highly bankable, and a top box office draw. She was frequently cast in romantic comedies such as ''Wishful Thinking'' (1997), ''The Wedding Singer'' (1998), and ''Home Fries'' (1998). Barrymore's role in the costume drama ''Ever After'' (1998) offered a modern take on the classic fairy tale of Cinderella and served as a reminder, according to Roger Ebert, of how well Drew Barrymore "can hold the screen and involve us in her characters".

Besides a number of appearances in films produced by her company, Flower Films, including ''Charlie's Angels'', Barrymore had a dramatic role in the comedy/drama ''Riding in Cars with Boys'' (2001), playing a teenage mother in a failed marriage with the drug-addicted father (based on the real-life story of Beverly D'Onofrio). In 2001, Drew participated in a benefit auction for the Red Hot Organization in conjunction with Amazon.com which ran from February 28 until April 11, 2001. The event featured rare RHO memorabilia and the work of Rolling Stone photographer Mark Seliger. Items auctioned at the event include signed proofs of Seliger's work, along with 50 autographed copies of his book and exhibition entitled "Physiognomy: The Mark Seliger Photographs." The books were created exclusively for the RHO, and each contained its own unique set of celebrity signatures.

In 2002, Barrymore appeared in ''Confessions of a Dangerous Mind'', alongside Sam Rockwell and Julia Roberts.

Flower Films and recent work

In 1995, Barrymore formed Flower Films, a production company, with business partner Nancy Juvonen. The first film produced by the company was 1999's ''Never Been Kissed''. The second offering from the company was ''Charlie's Angels'' (2000), a major box office success in 2000 that helped solidify the standing of both Barrymore and the company. When the production of Richard Kelly's debut film, ''Donnie Darko'', was threatened, Barrymore stepped forward with financing from Flower Films and took the small role of Karen Pomeroy, the title character's English teacher. Although the film was less than successful at the box office in the wake of 9/11, it reached cult film status after the DVD release, inspiring numerous websites devoted to unraveling the plot twists and meanings.

In 2003, she reprised her role as Dylan Sanders in ''Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle'', was nominated for an Emmy Award for her performance in ''Olive, the Other Reindeer'' and appeared with Ben Stiller in ''Duplex'' in 2003. Flower Films produced ''50 First Dates'' with co-star Adam Sandler's Happy Madison company in 2004. Summing up Barrymore's appeal, Roger Ebert, in his review of ''50 First Dates'', described Barrymore as having a "smiling, coy sincerity," describing the film as "ingratiating and lovable." ''50 First Dates'' was followed by ''Fever Pitch'' (2005), and in 2007, ''Music and Lyrics'' and ''Lucky You''. Barrymore's more recent projects include ''Beverly Hills Chihuahua'' in 2008, and 2009's ''He's Just Not That into You'', ''Grey Gardens'' and ''Everybody's Fine''. Barrymore's directorial debut film ''Whip It'', was released in October 2009. ''Whip It'' starred Ellen Page and Marcia Gay Harden and centered on an obsession with beauty pageants and the Austin, Texas, Hurl Scouts roller derby team. Barrymore also co-starred in the film.

Other career highlights

Barrymore began a recurring character in the animated comedy ''Family Guy'' as Brian Griffin's simple-minded girlfriend, Jillian. She has since appeared in ten episodes. She was the subject of the 2005 documentary ''My Date with Drew''. In it, an aspiring filmmaker and a fan of Barrymore's, uses his limited resources in an attempt to gain a date with her. On February 3, 2004, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Barrymore's films have a worldwide box office gross that stands at over US$2.3 billion. According to ''The Hollywood Reporter'''s annual Star Salary Top 10, she was tied for eighth place on the top ten list of actresses' salaries, commanding 10 to 12 million dollars per movie for 2006. On February 3, 2007, Barrymore hosted ''Saturday Night Live'' (SNL) for the fifth time, making her the second female host (after Candice Bergen) in the show's history to do so. She hosted again on October 10, 2009, becoming the first female to host six times. Barrymore still holds the record as the youngest celebrity ever to host the show (1982, at age seven). Barrymore became a CoverGirl Cosmetics' model and spokeswoman in 2007,. Today, Drew Barrymore is still one of the faces for CoverGirl, alongside Queen Latifah and Taylor Swift. The company partnered up with Drew because "she emulates the iconic image of CoverGirl with her fresh, natural beauty and energetic yet authentic spirit" said Esi Eggleston Bracey, Vice President and General Manager of CoverGirl Cosmetics North America. She has been brought not only her personality into this endorsement but also her creative side, as she is also a co-creator of the ads. She was No. 1 in ''People'''s annual 100 Most Beautiful People list in 2007.Also in 2007, she was named the new face for the Gucci jewelry line. Barrymore is signed to IMG Models New York City.

In May 2007, Barrymore was named Ambassador Against Hunger for the United Nations World Food Programme and later donated $1 million to the cause. In September 2010, Barrymore was confirmed to play the role of Ganga in the Indian Bollywood film ''The Lifestyle – In Generation Next'' to be directed by Santosh Kumar Jain, to be released in 2012. Several articles and interviews reported Barrymore's taste for photography. As a guest photographer for a magazine series called "They Shoot New York," she appeared on the cover holding a Pentax K1000 film camera. She hopes to expose her work in a gallery one day, as she documented the last decade of her life with a Pentax camera.

Personal life

In 1991, at the age of 16, Barrymore became engaged to Leland Hayward, grandson of Hollywood producer Leland Hayward. After a few months, this engagement was called off. Barrymore was engaged to and lived with musician/actor Jamie Walters in 1992–93.

She was married to Welsh bartender turned bar owner Jeremy Thomas from March 20 to April 28, 1994. Barrymore married comedian Tom Green on July 7, 2001. Green filed for divorce in December 2001. The divorce was finalized on October 15, 2002.

In 2002, Barrymore began dating The Strokes' drummer Fabrizio Moretti, soon after they met at a concert. Their five year relationship ended on January 10, 2007. She dated actor Justin Long, but they confirmed their split in July 2008. The couple reunited in 2009 and co-starred in the 2010 film ''Going the Distance''. The two then reportedly split again in 2010 and Drew started dating the son of former Chanel CEO Will Kopelman.

Since the 1990s, Barrymore has been frequently mentioned as one of the few openly bisexual Hollywood personalities. In 2004, she was quoted as saying, "A woman and a woman together are beautiful, just as a man and a woman together are beautiful. Being with a woman is like exploring your own body, but through someone else. When I was younger I used to go with lots of women. Totally. I love it". In March 2007, former magazine editor Jane Pratt claimed on her Sirius Satellite Radio show that she had a romance with Barrymore in the mid-1990s.

Filmography

+ Actress
! Year	! title	! Role	Notes
1978	''Suddenly, Love''	Bobbi Graham (Uncredited)	TV movie
1980	''Bogie''	Leslie Bogart	TV movie
1980	''Altered States''	Margaret Jessup
1982	''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial''	Gertie	Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer
1984			Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor
1984	''Irreconcilable Differences''	Casey Brodsky
1985		Our Girl, Amanda (all segments)
1986		Lisa Piper	TV movie
1989		Cathy Goodwin
1989		Joleen Cox
1991		Fantasy Girl
1992	''2000 Malibu Road''	Lindsay	6 episodes
1992	''Sketch Artist''
1992	''Waxwork II: Lost in Time''	Vampire Victim No.1
1992		Ivy
1992	''Guncrazy''	Anita Minteer	Best Actress Award at the MystFestNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
1993	''''	Amy Fisher
1993	''No Place to Hide''	Tinsel Hanley
1993		Holly Gooding
1993	''Wayne's World 2''	Bjergen Kjergen
1994	''Inside the Goldmine''	Daisy
1994		Lilly Laronette
1995	''Boys on the Side''	Holly Pulchik-Lincoln
1995		Casey Roberts
1995	''Batman Forever''	Sugar
1996	''Everyone Says I Love You''	Skylar Dandridge
1996		Casey Becker	Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress
1997	''Wishful Thinking''	Lena
1997	''Best Men''	Hope
1998	''''	Julia Sullivan	MTV Movie Award for Best KissBlimp Award for Favorite Movie Actress {also for ''Ever After''}Nominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress – ComedyNominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Actress (also for ''Ever After'')Nominated—American Comedy Award for Funniest Actress in a Motion Picture (Leading Role)
1998	''Ever After''	Danielle de Barbarac	Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
1998	''[[Home Fries''	Sally Jackson
1999	''Never Been Kissed''	Josie Geller	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress – Comedy/RomanceNominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Performance - FemaleNominated—MTV Movie Award for Best KissNominated—American Comedy Award for Funniest Actress in a Motion Picture (Leading Role)Nominated—Blimp Award for Favorite Movie ActressRecipient – Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards- Crystal Award.
1999	''Olive, the Other Reindeer''	Olive	VoiceNominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour)
2000	''''	Sophie (voice)	1 episode
2000	''Skipped Parts''	Fantasy Girl
2000	''Titan A.E.''	Akima	voice
2000		Dylan Sanders	Blimp Award for Favorite Movie ActressBlockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Action Team (Internet Only) (Shared with Cameron Diaz and Lucy Liu)MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team (Shared with Cameron Diaz and Lucy Liu)Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Fight
2001	''Donnie Darko''	Karen Pomeroy
2001	''Freddy Got Fingered''	Mr. Davidson's Receptionist	Nominated – Golden Raspberry Award
2001	''[[Riding in Cars with Boys''	Beverly Donofrio
2002	''Confessions of a Dangerous Mind''	Penny
2003	''Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle''	Dylan Sanders
2003		Nancy Kendricks
2004	''50 First Dates''	Lucy Whitmore	MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen DuoPeople's Choice Awards
2004	''[[My Date With Drew''	Herself
2005		Lindsey Meeks	Nominated—Irish Film and Television Awards
2005–present	''[[Family Guy''	Mrs. Lockhart & Jillian Russell (voice)	1 episode for Mrs. Lockhart and 10 episodes for Jillian Russell
2006		Maggie	voice
2007	''Music and Lyrics''	Sophie Fisher
2007		Billie Offer
2008	''Beverly Hills Chihuahua''	Chloe	voice
2009		Mary Harris
2009		Edith Bouvier Beale
2009		Rosie
2009		Smashley Simpson	also director
2010		Erin
2012	''Everybody Loves Whales''

+ Director
! Year	! Film	Notes
2004	''Choose or Lose Presents: The Best Place to Start''	Director; Documentary
2009
2011	Our Deal	Music Video for Best Coast

+ Producer credits
! Year	! Film	Notes
1999	''Never Been Kissed''	Executive producer
2000		Producer
2001	''Donnie Darko''	Executive producer
2003	''Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle''	Producer
2003		Producer
2005		Producer
2009		Executive producer
2009

References

Further reading

Aronson, Virginia. ''Drew Barrymore''. Chelsea House, 1999. ISBN 0-7910-5306-7

Bankston, John. ''Drew Barrymore''. Chelsea House Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0-7910-6772-6

Barrymore, Drew. ''Little Girl Lost''. Pocket Star Books, 1990. ISBN 0-671-68923-1

Ellis, Lucy. ''Drew Barrymore: The Biography''. Aurum Press, 2004. ISBN 1-84513-032-4

Hill, Anne E. ''Drew Barrymore''. Lucent Books, 2001. ISBN 1-56006-831-0

External links

Official Website at DrewBarrymore.com

Drew Barrymore Video with Johnny Carson

Category:1975 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from California Category:American child actors Category:American female models Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American voice actors Category:American people of English descent Category:Female film directors Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of Hungarian descent Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:People from Culver City, California Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:People self-identifying as substance abusers Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:GLAAD Media Awards winners Category:Children of Entertainers

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name	James Dean
birthname	James Byron Dean
birth date	February 08, 1931
birth place	Marion, Indiana, U.S.
death date
death place	Cholame, California, U.S.
othername	Jimmy Dean
occupation	Actor
yearsactive	1951–1955 }}

James Byron Dean (February 8, 1931 – September 30, 1955) was an American film actor. He is a cultural icon, best embodied in the title of his most celebrated film, ''Rebel Without a Cause'' (1955), in which he starred as troubled Los Angeles teenager Jim Stark. The other two roles that defined his stardom were as loner Cal Trask in ''East of Eden'' (1955), and as the surly farmer, Jett Rink, in ''Giant'' (1956). Dean's enduring fame and popularity rests on his performances in only these three films, all leading roles. His premature death in a car crash cemented his legendary status.

Dean was the first actor to receive a posthumous Academy Award nomination for Best Actor and remains the only actor to have had two posthumous acting nominations. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Dean the 18th best male movie star on their AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars list.

Early life

James Dean was born on February 8, 1931, at the Seven Gables apartment house in Marion, Indiana, to Winton Dean and Mildred Wilson. Six years after his father had left farming to become a dental technician, James and his family moved to Santa Monica, California. The family spent several years there, and by all accounts young Dean was very close to his mother. According to Michael DeAngelis, she was "the only person capable of understanding him". He was enrolled at Brentwood Public School in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles until his mother died of cancer when Dean was nine years old.

Unable to care for his son, Winton Dean sent James to live with Winton's sister Ortense and her husband Marcus Winslow on a farm in Fairmount, Indiana, where he was raised in a Quaker background. Dean sought the counsel and friendship of Methodist pastor Rev. James DeWeerd. DeWeerd seemed to have had a formative influence upon Dean, especially upon his future interests in bullfighting, car racing, and the theater. According to Billy J. Harbin, "Dean had an intimate relationship with his pastor... which began in his senior year of high school and endured for many years." Their sexual relationship was earlier suggested in the 1994 book, ''Boulevard of Broken Dreams: the life, times, and legend of James Dean'' by Paul Alexander. In 2011, it was reported that he once told Elizabeth Taylor, his co-star in ''Giant'', that he was sexually abused by a minister two years after his mother's death.

In high school, Dean's overall performance was mediocre. However, he was a popular school athlete, having successfully played on the baseball and basketball teams and studied drama and competed in forensics through the Indiana High School Forensic Association. After graduating from Fairmount High School on May 16, 1949, Dean moved back to California with his beagle, Max, to live with his father and stepmother. He enrolled in Santa Monica College (SMC) and majored in pre-law. Dean transferred to UCLA and changed his major to drama, which resulted in estrangement from his father. He pledged the Sigma Nu fraternity but was never initiated. While at UCLA, he was picked from a pool of 350 actors to land the role of Malcolm in ''Macbeth''. At that time, he also began acting with James Whitmore's acting workshop. In January 1951, he dropped out of UCLA to pursue a full-time career as an actor.

Acting career

Dean's first television appearance was in a Pepsi Cola television commercial. He quit college to act full time and was cast as John the Beloved Disciple in ''Hill Number One'', an Easter television special, and three walk-on roles in movies, ''Fixed Bayonets!'', ''Sailor Beware'', and ''Has Anybody Seen My Gal?'' His only speaking part was in ''Sailor Beware'', a Paramount comedy starring Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis; Dean played a boxing trainer. While struggling to get jobs in Hollywood, Dean also worked as a parking lot attendant at CBS Studios, during which time he met Rogers Brackett, a radio director for an advertising agency, who offered him professional help and guidance in his chosen career, as well as a place to stay.

In October 1951, following actor James Whitmore's and his mentor Rogers Brackett's advice, Dean moved to New York City. There he worked as a stunt tester for the game show ''Beat the Clock''. He also appeared in episodes of several CBS television series, ''The Web'', ''Studio One'', and ''Lux Video Theatre'', before gaining admission to the legendary Actors Studio to study method acting under Lee Strasberg. Proud of this accomplishment, Dean referred to the Studio in a 1952 letter to his family as "The greatest school of the theater. It houses great people like Marlon Brando, Julie Harris, Arthur Kennedy, Mildred Dunnock. ... Very few get into it ... It is the best thing that can happen to an actor. I am one of the youngest to belong."

Dean's career picked up and he performed in further episodes of such early 1950s television shows as ''Kraft Television Theatre'', ''Robert Montgomery Presents'', ''Danger'', and ''General Electric Theater''. One early role, for the CBS series ''Omnibus'' in the episode "Glory in the Flower", saw Dean portraying the type of disaffected youth he would later immortalize in ''Rebel Without a Cause''. (This summer 1953 program was also notable for featuring the song "Crazy Man, Crazy", one of the first dramatic TV programs to feature rock and roll.) Positive reviews for Dean's 1954 theatrical role as "Bachir", a pandering North African houseboy, in an adaptation of André Gide's book ''The Immoralist'', led to calls from Hollywood.

''East of Eden''

thumb|With Julie Harris in ''East of Eden'' (1955)In 1953, director Elia Kazan was looking for a substantive actor to play the emotionally complex role of 'Cal Trask', for screenwriter Paul Osborn's adaptation of John Steinbeck's 1952 novel ''East of Eden''. The lengthy novel had dealt with the story of the Trask and Hamilton families over the course of three generations, focusing especially on the lives of the latter two generations in Salinas Valley, California, from the mid-19th century through the 1910s.

In contrast, the film chose to deal predominantly with the character of Cal Trask. Initially seeming more aloof and emotionally troubled than his twin brother Aron, Cal is quickly seen to be more worldly, aware, business savvy, and even sagacious than their pious and constantly disapproving father (played by Raymond Massey) seeking to invent vegetable refrigeration, and estranged mother, whom Cal discovers is a brothel-keeping 'madame' (Jo Van Fleet). Elia Kazan said of Cal before casting, "I wanted a Brando for the role". Osborn suggested Dean, who then met with Steinbeck; the future Nobel laureate did not like the bold youth personally, but thought him perfect for the part. Kazan set about putting the wheels in motion to cast the relatively unknown young actor in the role; on April 8, 1954, Dean left New York City and headed for Los Angeles to begin shooting.

Dean's performance in the film foreshadowed his role as Jim Stark in ''Rebel Without A Cause''. Both characters are angst-ridden protagonists and misunderstood outcasts, desperately craving approval from a father figure.

Much of Dean's performance in the film is unscripted, including his dance in the bean field and his fetal-like posturing while riding on top of a train-car (after searching out his mother in a nearby town). The most famous improvisation during the film was when Cal's father rejects his gift of $5,000 (offered in reparation for his father's business loss). Instead of running away from his father as the script called for, Dean instinctively turned to Massey and, crying, embraced him. This cut and Massey's shocked reaction were kept in the film by Kazan.

For the 1955 Academy Awards, Dean received a posthumous nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in ''East of Eden'', the first official posthumous acting nomination in Academy Awards history. (Jeanne Eagels was unofficially nominated for Best Actress in 1929, when the rules for selection of the winner were different.)

''Rebel Without a Cause''

Dean quickly followed up his role in ''Eden'' with a starring role in ''Rebel Without a Cause'', a film that would prove to be hugely popular among teenagers. The film is often cited as an accurate representation of teenage angst. It co-starred teen actors Natalie Wood, Sal Mineo, and Dennis Hopper and was directed by Nicholas Ray.

''Giant''

''Giant'', which was posthumously released in 1956, saw Dean play a supporting role to Elizabeth Taylor and Rock Hudson. This was due to his desire to avoid being typecast as Jim Stark and Cal Trask. In the film, he plays Jett, an oil-rich Texan. His role was notable in that, in order to portray an older version of his character in one scene, Dean dyed his hair gray and shaved some of it off to give himself a receding hairline.

''Giant'' would be Dean's last film. At the end of the film, Dean was supposed to make a drunken speech at a banquet; this is nicknamed the 'Last Supper' because it was the last scene before his sudden death. Dean mumbled so much that the scene had to later be re-recorded by his co-stars because Dean had died before the film was edited.

For the 1956 Academy Awards, Dean received his second posthumous Best Actor Academy Award nomination for his role in ''Giant''.

Racing career and 'Little Bastard'

When Dean got the part in ''East of Eden'', he bought himself a red race-prepared MG TD and, shortly afterwards, a white Ford Country Squire Woodie station wagon. Dean upgraded his MG to a 1954 Porsche 356 Speedster, which he raced. Dean came in second in the Palm Springs Road Races in March 1955 after a driver was disqualified; he came in third in May 1955 at Bakersfield and was running fourth at the Santa Monica Road Races later that month until he retired with an engine failure.

During filming of ''Rebel Without a Cause'', Dean traded in the 356 Speedster for one of only 90 Porsche 550 Spyders. He was contractually barred from racing during the filming of ''Giant'', but with that out of the way, he was free to compete again. The Porsche was in fact a stopgap for Dean, as delivery of a superior Lotus Mk. X was delayed and he needed a car to compete at the races in Salinas, California.

Dean's 550 was customized by George Barris, who would go on to design the Batmobile. Dean's Porsche was numbered 130 at the front, side and back. The car had a tartan on the seating and two red stripes at the rear of its wheelwell. The car was given the nickname 'Little Bastard' by Bill Hickman, his language coach on ''Giant.'' Dean asked custom car painter and pin striper Dean Jeffries to paint ''Little Bastard'' on the car. When Dean introduced himself to actor Alec Guinness outside a restaurant, he asked him to take a look at the Spyder. Guinness thought the car appeared 'sinister' and told Dean: 'If you get in that car, you will be found dead in it by this time next week.' This encounter took place on September 23, 1955, seven days before Dean's death.

Personal relationships

Screenwriter William Bast was one of Dean's closest friends, a fact acknowledged by Dean's family. According to Dean's first biographer (1956), Bast was his roommate at UCLA and later in New York, and knew Dean throughout the last five years of his life. Fifty years after Dean's death, he stated that their friendship had included some sexual intimacy.

Early in Dean's career, after Dean signed his contract with Warner Brothers, the studio's public relations department began generating stories about Dean's liaisons with a variety of young actresses who were mostly drawn from the clientele of Dean's Hollywood agent, Dick Clayton. Studio press releases also grouped "Dean together with two other actors, Rock Hudson and Tab Hunter, identifying each of the men as an 'eligible bachelor' who has not yet found the time to commit to a single woman: 'They say their film rehearsals are in conflict with their marriage rehearsals.'"

Shortly before filming began on ''East of Eden'', Dean befriended horse trainer Monty Roberts. Roberts introduced Dean to the area and the two became close friends. Dean had planned to meet with Roberts shortly after the race on September 30 to discuss plans for the construction of a ranch, which would be owned by Dean but managed by Roberts. Roberts and his wife were the first people to learn of Dean's death through a telephone call placed by Dean's mechanic, Rolf Wütherich, immediately following the incident, in which Wütherich mumbled through a broken jaw that Dean had died. Roberts and his family did not attend Dean's funeral because, although the two considered themselves 'brothers', their friendship was unknown to Dean's family.

Dean's best-remembered relationship was with young Italian actress Pier Angeli, whom he met while Angeli was shooting ''The Silver Chalice'' on an adjoining Warner lot, and with whom he exchanged items of jewelry as love tokens. Angeli's mother was reported to have disapproved of the relationship because Dean was not Roman Catholic. In his autobiography, ''East of Eden'' director Elia Kazan, while dismissing the notion that Dean could possibly have had any success with women, paradoxically alluded to Dean and Angeli's "romance", claiming that he had heard them loudly making love in Dean's dressing room. For a very short time the story of a Dean-Angeli love affair was even promoted by Dean himself, who fed it to various gossip columnists and to his co-star, Julie Harris, who in interviews has reported that Dean told her about being madly in love with Angeli. However, in early October 1954, Angeli unexpectedly announced her engagement to Italian-American singer Vic Damone, to Dean's expressed irritation. Angeli married Damone the following month, and gossip columnists reported that Dean, or someone dressed like him, watched the wedding from across the road on a motorcycle. However, when Bast questioned him about the reports, Dean denied that he would have done anything so "dumb", and Bast, like Paul Alexander, believes the relationship was a mere publicity stunt. Pier Angeli only talked once about the relationship in her later life in an interview, giving vivid descriptions of romantic meetings at the beach. Dean biographer John Howlett said these read like wishful fantasies, as Bast claims them to be.

Actress Liz Sheridan claims that she and Dean had a short affair in New York. In her memoir, she also states that Dean was having a sexual involvement with director Rogers Brackett, and describes her negative response to this situation. However, again Bast is skeptical whether this was a true love affair and says Dean and Sheridan did not spend much time together.

Dean avoided the draft by registering as a homosexual, then classified by the US government as a mental disorder. When questioned about his orientation, he is reported to have said, "No, I am not a homosexual. But, I'm also not going to go through life with one hand tied behind my back."

Death

On September 30, 1955, Dean and his mechanic Rolf Wütherich set off from Competition Motors, where they had prepared his Porsche 550 Spyder that morning for a sports car race at Salinas, California. Dean originally intended to trailer the Porsche to the meeting point at Salinas, behind his new Ford Country Squire station wagon, crewed by Hickman and photographer Sanford Roth, who was planning a photo story of Dean at the races. At the last minute, Dean drove the Spyder, having decided he needed more time to familiarize himself with the car. At 3:30 p.m., Dean was ticketed in Mettler Station, Kern County, for driving in a zone. The driver of the Ford was ticketed for driving over the limit, as the speed limit for all vehicles towing a trailer was . Later, having left the Ford far behind, they stopped at Blackwells Corner in Lost Hills for fuel and met up with fellow racer Lance Reventlow.

After leaving Lost Hills, Dean was driving west on U.S. Route 466 (later State Route 46) east of Cholame, San Luis Obispo County, when a black-and-white 1950 Ford Custom Tudor coupe, driven from the opposite direction by 23-year-old Cal Poly student Donald Turnupseed (1932-1995), moved to take the fork onto State Route 41 and crossed into Dean's lane. The two cars hit almost head-on. According to a story in the October 1, 2005, edition of the ''Los Angeles Times'', California Highway Patrol officer Ron Nelson and his partner had been finishing a coffee break in Paso Robles, when they were called to the scene of the accident, where they saw an unconscious, heavily breathing Dean being placed into an ambulance. Paramedics were attending to Wütherich who had been thrown from the car and was lying on the shoulder of the road next to the mangled Porsche Spyder barely conscious, but survived with a broken jaw and other injuries. Dean was taken to Paso Robles War Memorial Hospital, where he was pronounced dead on arrival at 5:59 p.m. by the attending emergency room physician. His last known words, uttered right before impact when Wütherich told Dean to slow down when they saw the Ford coupe in front of them about to drive into their lane, were said to have been: "That guy's gotta stop... He'll see us."

According to the postmortem, it is believed that Dean's head struck the front grill of the other car. This impact and the accompanying crash resulted in Dean suffering a broken neck, plus multiple fractures of the jaw, arms and legs, as well as massive internal injuries. He is believed to have died around 10 minutes after the crash upon examination in the ambulance. For years, there were rumors a photographer friend, traveling to the race in another car, took photos of Dean trapped in the car dead or dying. Such photos never surfaced in public.

Contrary to reports of Dean's speeding, which persisted decades after his death, Nelson said "the wreckage and the position of Dean's body indicated his speed was more like 55 mph (88 km/h)." Turnupseed received a gashed forehead and bruised nose and was not cited by police for the accident. He was interviewed by the ''Tulare Advance-Register'' newspaper immediately following the crash, saying that he had not seen Dean's car approaching, but after that, refused to ever again speak publicly about the accident. He went on to own and operate an electrical contracting business and died of lung cancer in 1995. Wütherich died in a road accident in Germany in 1981 after surviving several suicide attempts.

While completing ''Giant'', and to promote ''Rebel Without a Cause'', Dean filmed a short interview with actor Gig Young for an episode of ''Warner Bros. Presents'' in which Dean, instead of saying the popular phrase "The life you save may be your own" instead ad-libbed "The life you might save might be mine." [sic] Dean's sudden death prompted the studio to re-film the section, and the piece was never aired—though in the past several sources have referred to the footage, mistakenly identifying it as a public service announcement. (The segment can, however, be viewed on both the 2001 VHS and 2005 DVD editions of ''Rebel Without a Cause'').

Memorial

James Dean is buried in Park Cemetery in Fairmount, Indiana. In 1977, a Dean memorial was built in Cholame, California. The stylized sculpture is composed of concrete and stainless steel around a tree of heaven growing in front of the Cholame post office. The sculpture was made in Japan and transported to Cholame, accompanied by the project's benefactor, Seita Ohnishi. Ohnishi chose the site after examining the location of the accident, now little more than a few road signs and flashing yellow signals. The original Highway 41 and 46 junction where the accident occurred is now a pasture, and the two roadways were realigned to make the intersection safer. In September, 2005, the intersection of Highways 41 and 46 was dedicated as the James Dean Memorial Junction as part of the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of his death. (Maps of the intersection )

The dates and hours of Dean's birth and death are etched into the sculpture, along with a handwritten description by Dean's friend William Bast of one of Dean's favorite lines from Antoine de Saint Exupéry's ''The Little Prince''—"What is essential is invisible to the eye."

Documentary

On Feb. 15, 2009, all three CHP officers who dealt with James Dean on the day of his death—Officer Otie Hunter, who ticketed Dean for speeding; and Officers Ernie Tripke and Ronald Nelson, who investigated the fatal crash—participated in an SCVTV documentary coproduced by the Santa Clarita Valley Historical Society and shared their memories of that fateful day. The Stuff of Legend: James Dean's Final Ride (Documentary).

Legacy and iconic status

Impact on culture and media

American teenagers at the time of Dean's major films identified with Dean and the roles he played, especially in ''Rebel Without A Cause'': the typical teenager, caught where no one, not even his peers, can understand him. Joe Hyams says that Dean was "one of the rare stars, like Rock Hudson and Montgomery Clift, whom both men and women find sexy." According to Marjorie Garber, this quality is "the undefinable extra something that makes a star." Dean's iconic appeal has been attributed to the public's need for someone to stand up for the disenfranchised young of the era, and to the air of androgyny that he projected onscreen. Dean's "loving tenderness towards the besotted Sal Mineo in ''Rebel Without a Cause'' continues to touch and excite gay audiences by its honesty. The ''Gay Times'' Readers' Awards cited him as the male gay icon of all time."

Dean is mentioned or featured in various songs, which include titles such as "Allure" by Jay-Z, "American Boy" by Chris Isaak, "American Pie" by Don McLean, "A Young Man is Gone" by The Beach Boys, "Bla bla bla (Blah Blah Blah)" by Perfect, "Chciałbym umrzeć jak James Dean (lit. I Wish to Die Like James Dean)" by Partia, "Come Back Jimmy Dean" by Bette Midler, "Daddy's Speeding" by Suede, "Electrolite" by R.E.M., "Famous" by Scouting for Girls, "Five Years Time" by Noah & The Whale, "Flip-Top Box" by Self, "Girl on TV" by LFO, "Hello my Hate" by Black Veil Brides, "Jack and Diane" by John Mellencamp, "James Dean" by Bonnie Tyler, "James Dean (I Wanna Know)" by Daniel Bedingfield, "James Dean" by That Handsome Devil, "James Dean" by the Eagles, "Jim Dean of Indiana" by Phil Ochs, "Jimmy Dean" by Icehouse, "Lost on Highway 46" by Sham 69, "Choke On This" by Senses Fail, "Mr. James Dean" by Hilary Duff, "My Kind of Girl" by Collin Raye, "My Shine" by Childish Gambino, "Peach Trees" by Rufus Wainwright, "Picture Show" by John Prine, "Rather Die Young" by Beyoncé, "Rock On" by David Essex, "Rockstar" by Nickelback, "Speechless" by Lady GaGa, "Teenage Wildlife" by AJ McLean of the Backstreet Boys, "These Days" by Bon Jovi, "Under the Gun" by The Killers, "Vogue" by Madonna, "Walk on the Wild Side" by Lou Reed, and "We Didn't Start The Fire" by Billy Joel.

In addition, he is often noted within television shows, films, books and novels. In an episode of ''Degrassi: The Next Generation'', the character Liberty likens the rebellious, anti-social Sean Cameron to James Dean. On the sitcom ''Happy Days'', Fonzie has a picture of Dean in his closet next to his mirror. A picture of Dean also appears on Rizzo's wall in the film ''Grease''. On the American version of the TV series ''Queer as Folk'', the main character Brian Kinney mentions James Dean together with Cobain and Hendrix, saying, "They're all legends. They'll always be young, and they will always be beautiful". In the alternate history book ''Homeward Bound'' by Harry Turtledove, Dean is stated to have not died in a car crash and to have made several more films, including ''Rescuing Private Ranfall'', based on ''Saving Private Ryan''.

Dean's estate still earns about $5,000,000 per year, according to ''Forbes Magazine''.

On April 20, 2010, a long "lost" live episode of the ''General Electric Theater'' featuring James Dean was uncovered by NBC writer Wayne Federman while working on a ''Ronald Reagan'' television retrospective. The episode, originally broadcast in December 1954, drew international attention and highlights were featured on numerous national media outlets including: ''The CBS Evening News'', ''NBC Nightly News'', and ''Good Morning America''. It was later revealed that some footage from the episode, entitled ''The Dark, Dark Days'', was first featured in the 2005 documentary, ''James Dean: Forever Young''.

Speculated sexual orientation

Today, Dean is often considered an icon because of his "experimental" take on life, which included his ambivalent sexuality. There have been several accounts of Dean's sexual relationships with both men and women.

William Bast, one of Dean's closest friends, He recently published a revealing update of his first book, in which, after years of successfully dodging the question as to whether he and Dean were sexually involved, he finally stated that they were. In this second book, Bast describes the difficult circumstances of their involvement and also deals frankly with some of Dean's other reported homosexual relationships, notably the actor's friendship with Rogers Brackett, the influential producer of radio dramas who encouraged Dean in his career and provided him with useful professional contacts.

Journalist Joe Hyams suggests that any homosexual activity Dean might have been involved in appears to have been strictly "for trade", as a means of advancing his career. Val Holley notes that, according to Hollywood biographer Lawrence J. Quirk, gay Hollywood columnist Mike Connolly "would put the make on the most prominent young actors, including Robert Francis, Guy Madison, Anthony Perkins, Nick Adams and James Dean." However, the "trade only" notion is debated by Bast and other Dean biographers. Aside from Bast's account of his own relationship with Dean, Dean's fellow biker and "Night Watch" member John Gilmore claims he and Dean "experimented" with homosexual acts on one occasion in New York, and it is difficult to see how Dean, then already in his twenties, would have viewed this as a "trade" means of advancing his career.

Screenwriter Gavin Lambert, himself homosexual and part of the Hollywood gay circles of the 1950s and 1960s, described Dean as being homosexual. ''Rebel'' director Nicholas Ray is on record as saying that Dean was homosexual. Additionally, William Bast and biographer Paul Alexander conclude that Dean was homosexual, while John Howlett concludes that Dean was "certainly bisexual". George Perry's biography reduces these aspects of Dean's sexuality to "experimentation". Still, Hyams and Paul Alexander also claim that Dean's relationship with pastor De Weerd had a sexual aspect, too. Bast also shows that Dean had knowledge of gay bars and customs. Consequently, Robert Aldrich and Garry Wotherspoon's book ''Who's Who in Contemporary Gay and Lesbian History: From World War II to the Present Day'' (2001) includes an entry on James Dean.

The "curse" of "Little Bastard"

Since Dean's death, a "legend" has arisen that his Porsche 550 Spyder was "cursed" and supposedly injured or killed several others in the years following his death.

One version of the tale goes as follows:

The famous car customizer George Barris bought the wreck for $2,500, only to have it slip off its trailer and break a mechanic's leg. Soon afterwards, Barris sold the engine and drive-train, respectively, to physicians Troy McHenry and William Eschrid. While racing against each other, the former would be killed instantly when his vehicle spun out of control and crashed into a tree, while the latter would be seriously injured when his vehicle rolled over while going into a curve. Barris later sold two tires, which malfunctioned as well. The tires, which were unharmed in Dean's accident, blew up simultaneously causing the buyer's automobile to go off the road. Subsequently, two young would-be thieves were injured while attempting to steal parts from the car. When one tried to steal the steering wheel from the Porsche, his arm was ripped open on a piece of jagged metal. Later, another man was injured while trying to steal the bloodstained front seat. This would be the final straw for Barris, who decided to store "Little Bastard" away, but was quickly persuaded by the California Highway Patrol (CHP) to lend the wrecked car to a highway safety exhibit. The first exhibit from the CHP featuring the car ended unsuccessfully, as the garage storing the Spyder went up in flames, destroying everything except the car itself, which suffered almost no damage whatsoever from the fire. The second display, at a Sacramento high school, ended when the car fell, breaking a student's hip. "Little Bastard" caused problems while being transported several times. On the way to Salinas, the truck containing the vehicle lost control, causing the driver to fall out, only to be crushed by the Porsche after it fell off the back. On two separate occasions, once on a freeway and again in Oregon, the car came off other trucks, although no injuries were reported, another vehicle's windshield was shattered in Oregon. Its last use in a CHP exhibit was in 1959. In 1960, when being returned to George Barris in Los Angeles, California, the car mysteriously vanished. It has not been seen since.

While it has proven impossible thus far to confirm or deny all the claims in this legend, it suffers from several clear factual errors. Barris was not the initial purchaser of the wrecked 550. Rather the doctors Troy McHenry and William Eschrid, both 550 Spyder owners, purchased the car directly from the insurance company. They removed the drivetrain, steering and other mechanical components to use as spares in their cars, then sold the shell to George Barris. William Eschrid used the engine in his Lotus race car. Troy McHenry was killed at a race at Pomona 1956 when the Pitman arm in his 550's steering failed; however this was not one of the "cursed" parts fitted to his 550.

Historic Auto Attractions in Roscoe, Illinois has claimed to have the last known piece of Dean's Spyder (a small chunk a few square inches in size). However this is untrue, as several other large parts are known to exist. The passenger door was on display at the Volo Auto Museum. The engine (#90059) is reported to still be in the possession of the son of the late Dr. Eschrich. Lastly the restored transaxle–gearbox assembly of the Porsche (#10046) is known to be in the possession of car collector Jack Styles.

Filmography

Year	Film	Role	Notes
	''Fixed Bayonets!''	Doggie	(uncredited)
rowspan="2"		Boxing opponent's second	(uncredited)
	Youth at soda fountain	(uncredited)
	''Trouble Along the Way''	Extra	(uncredited)
rowspan="2"		Cal Trask	Nominated – Academy Award for Best ActorNominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
''[[Rebel Without a Cause''	Jim Stark
		Jett Rink

Stage

Broadway

''See the Jaguar'' (1952)

''The Immoralist'' (1954) – based on the book by André Gide

Off-Broadway

''The Metamorphosis'' (1952) – based on the novella by Franz Kafka

''The Scarecrow'' (1954)

''Women of Trachis'' (1954) – translation by Ezra Pound

''La Légende de Jimmy'' (1990) – Musical by Michel Berger and Luc Plamondon

Television

''Father Peyton's Family Theater'', "Hill Number One" (Easter Sunday, April 1, 1951)

''The Web'', "Sleeping Dogs" (February 20, 1952)

''Studio One'', "Ten Thousand Horses Singing" (March 3, 1952)

''Lux Video Theatre'', "The Foggy, Foggy Dew" (March 17, 1952)

''Kraft Television Theatre'', "Prologue to Glory" (May 21, 1952)

''Studio One'', "Abraham Lincoln" (May 26, 1952)

''Hallmark Hall of Fame'', "Forgotten Children" (June 2, 1952)

''The Kate Smith Show'', "Hounds of Heaven" (January 15, 1953)

''Treasury Men In Action'', "The Case of the Watchful Dog" (January 29, 1953)

''You Are There'', "The Capture of Jesse James" (February 8, 1953)

''Danger'', "No Room" (April 14, 1953)

''Treasury Men In Action'', "The Case of the Sawed-Off Shotgun" (April 16, 1953)

''Tales of Tomorrow'', "The Evil Within" (May 1, 1953)

''Campbell Soundstage'', "Something For An Empty Briefcase" (July 17, 1953)

''Studio One Summer Theater'', "Sentence of Death" (August 17, 1953)

''Danger'', "Death Is My Neighbor" (August 25, 1953)

''The Big Story'', "Rex Newman, Reporter for the Globe and News" (September 11, 1953)

''Omnibus'', "Glory In Flower" (October 4, 1953)

''Kraft Television Theatre'', "Keep Our Honor Bright" (October 14, 1953)

''Campbell Soundstage'', "Life Sentence" (October 16, 1953)

''Kraft Television Theatre'', "A Long Time Till Dawn" (November 11, 1953)

''Armstrong Circle Theater'', "The Bells of Cockaigne" (November 17, 1953)

''Robert Montgomery Presents the Johnson's Wax Program'', ''Harvest'' (November 23, 1953)

''Danger'', "The Little Women" (March 30, 1954)

''Philco TV Playhouse'', "Run Like A Thief" (September 5, 1954)

''Danger'', "Padlocks" (November 9, 1954)

''General Electric Theater'', "I'm A Fool" (November 14, 1954)

''General Electric Theater'', "The Dark, Dark Hour" (December 12, 1954)

''The United States Steel Hour'', "The Thief" (January 4, 1955)

''Lux Video Theatre'', "The Life of Emile Zola" (March 10, 1955) – appeared in a promotional interview for ''East of Eden'' shown after the program aired

''Schlitz Playhouse of Stars'', "The Unlighted Road" (May 6, 1955)

Biographical films

''James Dean: Portrait of a Friend'' aka ''James Dean'' (1976) ''James Dean: The First American Teenager'' (1976), a television biography that includes interviews with Sal Mineo, Natalie Wood and Nicholas Ray. ''Sense Memories'' (PBS ''American Masters'' television biography) (2005) ''Forever James Dean'' (1988), Warner Home Video (1995)

''James Dean'' (fictionalized TV biographical film) (2001)

''James Dean – Kleiner Prinz, Little Bastard'' aka ''James Dean – Little Prince, Little Bastard'', German television biography, includes interviews with William Bast, Marcus Winslow Jr, Robert Heller (2005) ''James Dean: The Final Day'' features interviews with William Bast, Liz Sheridan and Maila Nurmi. Dean's bisexuality is openly discussed. Episode of ''Naked Hollywood'' television miniseries produced by The Oxford Film Company in association the BBC, aired in the US on the A&E; Network, 1991. ''Living Famously: James Dean'', Australian television biography includes interviews with Martin Landau, Betsy Palmer, William Bast, and Bob Hinkle (2003, 2006). ''James Dean – Mit Vollgas durchs Leben'', Austrian television biography includes interviews with Rolf Weutherich and William Bast (2005). ''James Dean – Outside the Lines'' (2002), episode of ''Biography'', US television documentary includes interviews with Rod Steiger, William Bast, and Martin Landau (2002).

References

Further reading

Alexander, Paul: ''Boulevard of Broken Dreams: The Life, Times, and Legend of James Dean ''. Viking, 1994. ISBN 0670849510

Bast, William : ''James Dean: A Biography''. Ballantine Books, 1956.

Bast, William : ''Surviving James Dean''. Barricade Books, 2006. ISBN 1-56980-298-X

Dalton, David : ''James Dean-The Mutant King: A Biography''. Chicago Review Press, 2001. ISBN 1-55652-398-X

Frascella, Lawrence and Weisel, Al : ''Live Fast, Die Young: The Wild Ride of Making Rebel Without a Cause''. Touchstone, 2005. ISBN 0-7432-6082-1

Gilmore, John : ''Live Fast-Die Young: Remembering the Short Life of James Dean''. Thunder's Mouth Press, 1998. ISBN 1-56025-169-7

Gilmore, John: ''The Real James Dean''. Pyramid Books, 1975. ISBN 0-515-03814-8

Holley, Val: ''James Dean: The Biography''. St. Martin's Griffin, 1996. ISBN 0-312-15156-X

Howell, John: ''James Dean: A Biography''. Plexus Publishing, 1997. Second Revised Edition. ISBN 0859652432

Hyams, Joe; Hyams, Jay: ''James Dean: Little Boy Lost''. Time Warner Publishing, 1992. ISBN 0446516430

Martinetti, Ronald: ''The James Dean Story'', Pinnacle Books, 1975. ISBN 0-523-00633-0

Morrissey: ''James Dean Is Not Dead''. Babylon books, 1983. ISBN 0907188060

Perry, George: ''James Dean''. DK Publishing, 2005. ISBN 1-4053-0525-8

Sheridan, Liz: ''Dizzy & Jimmy: My Life With James Dean : A Love Story''. HarperCollins Canada / Harper Trade, 2000. ISBN 0-06-039383-1

Spoto, Donald: ''Rebel: The Life and Legend of James Dean''. Harpercollins, 1996. ISBN 0-06-017656-3

External links

AMC's James Dean Photo Gallery: Living Fast and Dying Young

James Dean.com link to "Official" CMG James Dean website

10 James Dean Essentials: Photo Essay on AMCtv.com

James Dean: Hollywood's Rebel Icon - slideshow by ''Life magazine''

Mad about the boy on the Guardian Unlimited.

James Dean Gallery site

, includes photos of Dean's Tombstone.

James Dean at American Legends.

JamesDeanArchives.com

William Bast, Dean's biographer.

The Stuff of Legend: James Dean's Final Ride (Documentary)

Category:1931 births Category:1955 deaths Category:Actors from Indiana Category:Actors Studio alumni Category:American film actors Category:American people of Scottish descent Category:American Quakers Category:Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:LGBT people from the United States Category:People from Marion, Indiana Category:Road accident deaths in California Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni

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name	Jeff Daniels
birth name	Jeffrey Warren Daniels
birth date	February 19, 1955
birth place	Athens, Georgia, U.S.
occupation	Actor, musician, playwright
yearsactive	1977–present
spouse	Kathleen Treado(1979–present)
website	JeffDaniels.com }}

Jeffrey Warren "Jeff" Daniels (born February 19, 1955) is an American actor, musician and playwright. He founded a non-profit theatre company, the Purple Rose Theatre Company, in his home state of Michigan. He has performed in a number of stage productions, both on and off Broadway. He has been nominated for the Tony Award as Best Actor for the Broadway play ''God of Carnage'' (2009), along with his other three cast-mates.

He has had a thriving film career, from his debut in 1981 in ''Ragtime'', through ''State of Play'' in 2009. For his film work, he has received three Golden Globe Award nominations, including as Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy/Musical for Woody Allen's ''The Purple Rose of Cairo'' (1985) (hence the name of his theatre company). He has also received nominations by the Screen Actors Guild, Satellite Awards, and several for his work in ''The Squid and the Whale'' (London Critics Circle Awards, Independent Spirit Awards, Chlotrudis Awards and Gotham Awards).

Early life

Daniels was born in Athens, Georgia, and grew up in Chelsea, Michigan, where his father, Robert Lee Daniels, still owns the local lumber yard. He was raised Methodist. Daniels attended Central Michigan University and participated in their theater program. In the Summer of 1976, he attended the Eastern Michigan University (EMU) drama school to participate in a special Bi-Centennial Repertory programme where he performed in Hot L Baltimore and three other plays performed in repertoire. Marshall Mason was the guest director at EMU and he invited Jeff to come to New York to work at the Circle Repertory Theatre where he performed in The Fifth of July by Lanford Wilson in the 1977-1978 season. He also performed in New Mexico in ''The Shortchanged Review'' (1979) at Second Stage Theatre. It was the first show of the inaugural season for Second Stage Theatre.

Career

Stage career

Daniels has starred in a number of New York productions, on and off Broadway. On Broadway, he has appeared in Lanford Wilson's ''Redwood Curtain'', A. R. Gurney's ''The Golden Age'' and Wilson's ''Fifth of July'', for which he won a Drama Desk Award for Best Supporting Actor. Off-Broadway, he received a Drama Desk nomination for Wilson's ''Lemon Sky'', and an Obie Award for his performance in the Circle Repertory Company production of ''Johnny Got His Gun''. He returned to the stage in 2009, appearing in Broadway's ''God of Carnage'' with Marcia Gay Harden, Hope Davis and James Gandolfini.

In 1991, he founded the regionally-acclaimed Purple Rose Theatre Company, a non-profit stage company in his childhood and current home of Chelsea, Michigan. He is currently Executive Director of PRTC, and has written 11 plays for them.

Film career

Daniels made his screen debut in Miloš Forman's ''Ragtime'' in 1981. His next film would prove to be his breakthrough as Debra Winger's husband in the Oscar-winning film ''Terms of Endearment''. Daniels then garnered a Golden Globe nomination as the star of ''Purple Rose of Cairo'' directed by Woody Allen.

Daniels earned his second Golden Globe nomination for starring in Jonathan Demme's dramedy ''Something Wild'' as an unassuming business man swept up into a wild night by a mysterious woman (Melanie Griffith). Daniels then starred in the horror-comedy ''Arachnophobia'' in 1990. The next year Daniels starred in two films (''Love Hurts'' and ''The Butcher's Wife'') and hosted NBC's legendary sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live.

Daniel's next notable role was as Colonel Joshua Chamberlain in ''Gettysburg''. Alongside Daniels were Tom Berenger, Martin Sheen, Stephen Lang and Sam Elliot. The two part film proved so popular on television that the 262 minute movie garnered a theatrical release. Daniels would reprise the role of Chamberlain ten years later in the prequel film ''Gods and Generals'', with much of the same cast except for Sheen who was replaced by Robert Duvall.

In 1994 Daniels would have one of his most successful films commercially, starring in the Farrelly Brothers' hit ''Dumb and Dumber'' alongside Jim Carrey. It was a noted departure for Daniels, due to his status as a dramatic heavyweight. Also in '94 was the Keanu Reeves action blockbuster ''Speed''. Daniels starred as Reeves' partner on the LAPD bomb squad, in a race against time to defuse a bomb planted on a bus, set to explode if the bus's speed falls below 50 miles per hour. Also starring Dennis Hopper and Sandra Bullock, ''Speed'' was an enormous hit, grossing over $350 million at the box office.

Daniels would then host Saturday Night Live a second time before the release of the 1996 Disney remake of ''101 Dalmatians''. Daniels starred as the owner of a litter of dalmatians stolen by the evil Cruella De Vil (Glenn Close). The film was a rousing success, grossing $320 million. Also in 1996 was the family hit film ''Fly Away Home'' with Daniels as the supportive single father of Anna Paquin's goose raising preteen. Daniels then had a critical and commercial misfire with 1997's ''Trial and Error'' alongside Seinfeld's Michael Richards.

Daniels would rebound however with 1998's ''Pleasantville'' as diner owner Bill Johnson who learns to act as an individual and rebel against the norm at the urging of Tobey Macguire's David. Also starring Reese Witherspoon, Joan Allen, and Don Knotts, ''Pleasantville'' was one of the best reviewed films of the year, nominated for three Academy Awards. Daniels would then star alongside Christopher Lloyd in the critical and commercial bomb ''My Favorite Martian''. The film severely damaged Daniels' status as a box office star and he would proceed to work in increasingly less mainstream starring roles.

Daniels then starred in the TV films ''The Crossing'', ''Cheaters'' and direct-to-video release ''Chasing Sleep''. At this point, in the early 2000s Daniels began to focus more on his theater work at The Purple Rose Theatre in his hometown of Chelsea, MI.

Daniels' next major film role would be in Clint Eastwood's ''Blood Work''. The film received mixed reviews and was a commercial failure. He would rebound later that year with Stephen Daldry's Academy Award-winning ''The Hours'', alongside Nicole Kidman, Meryl Streep and Julianne Moore. The film was also a monetary success, grossing well over $100 million. ''Gods and Generals'' followed in 2003 as did the action film ''I Witness'' co-starring James Spader. Daniels then starred in ''Imaginary Heroes'' and the 2004 television film adaptation of fellow Michigander and friend Mitch Albom's best-seller ''The Five People You Meet in Heaven''.

2005 proved to be a strong year for Daniels as he garnered notice as the star of the lauded Noah Baumbach film ''The Squid and the Whale''. Daniels received his third Golden Globe nomination for the film, about a divorcing couple and the effect the split has on their children. That year Daniels also starred in the family film adaptation of ''Because of Winn-Dixie''. He would round out the year with a supporting role in the Oscar-Nominated film ''Good Night and Good Luck'' directed by George Clooney.

Daniels then starred as the redneck comic foil to Robin Williams' uptight business man in the vacation comedy ''RV'' directed by Barry Sonnenfeld. He had a supporting role in the Truman Capote biopic ''Infamous'', and in two other independent films ''Mama's Boy'' and ''The Lookout'' for which he was nominated for a Satellite Award.

Daniels then had a starring voice-over role as the villain Zartog in animated film ''Space Chimps''. Daniels then took back-to-back supporting roles in political thrillers: ''Traitor'' with Don Cheadle and ''State of Play'' with Russell Crowe and Rachel McAdams. Also in 2009 Daniels would appear in indie hit ''Away We Go''. 2010 would prove to be a slow year for Daniels, as he continued his theater work and had a starring role in the little-seen indie ''Howl'' alongside James Franco as Allen Ginsberg.

Musical career

He has focused on recording a number of songs that he has written throughout his life, apparently marking key moments. He has kept busy with frequent gigs and two full length albums, ''Grandfather's Hat'' and ''Jeff Daniels Live and Unplugged''.. He is featured on the cover of the July/August 2011 issue of Making Music Magazine where there is an article about his experiences with music.

Personal life

Daniels has been married to his high school sweetheart, Kathleen Rosemary Treado, since 1979. They married on Friday the 13th because he wore the number 13 on his baseball uniform.

In 1986, Daniels moved his home to Chelsea, Michigan, where the couple had grown up. They have three children: Benjamin (born 1984), Lucas (born 1987), and Nellie (born 1990).

He has appeared as the TV spokesperson for the Michigan Economic Development Corporation promoting Michigan's effectiveness in bringing in new companies, featured on CNBC.

He has written, directed, and starred in two films by Purple Rose Films, each set in Michigan: ''Escanaba in da Moonlight'' and ''Super Sucker''. He was inducted into the Michigan Walk of Fame on May 25, 2006 in Lansing, Michigan. He delivered the winter commencement address at the University of Michigan on December 20, 2009, and was granted an Honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1981		P. C. O'Donnell
1983	''Terms of Endearment''	Flap Horton
1985		Eddie Sisk
1985	''The Purple Rose of Cairo''	Tom Baxter/Gil Shepherd
1986		Charles Driggs
1986		Richard
1987	''Radio Days''	Biff Baxter
1988	''The House on Carroll Street''	Cochran
1988	''Sweet Hearts Dance''	Sam Manners
1989		Ray Macklin
1989	''No Place Like Home''	Mike	Television film
1990		Ross Jennings	Saturn Award for Best Actor
1990	''Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael''	Denton Webb
1991		Paul Weaver
1991	''The Butcher's Wife''	Dr. Alex Tremor
1992	''Timescape (1992 film)'' also known as ''Grand Tour: Disaster in Time''	Ben Wilson	International Fantasy Film Award for Best Actor
1992		Willis Embry
1992	''Teamster Boss: The Jackie Presser Story''	Tom Noonan	Television film
1993	''Rain Without Thunder''	Jonathan Garson
1993		Colonel Joshua Chamberlain	Nominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor
1994		Harry Temple
1994	''Dumb and Dumber''	Harry Dunne
1995		Lyman Fellers
1996	''Fly Away Home''	Thomas Alden	Nominated – Chlotrudis Award for Best Actor
1996	''2 Days in the Valley''	Alvin Strayer
1996		Roger Dearly
1997		Charlie Tuttle
1998		Bill Johnson
1999		Tim O'Hara
1999	''All the Rage''	Warren Harding	retitled ''It's the Rage'' for American television
2000		George Washington	Television film
2000	''Chasing Sleep''	Ed Saxon
2000		Dr. Gerard Plecki	Television film; HBO
2001	''Escanaba in da Moonlight''	Reuben Soady
2002	''Super Sucker''	Fred Barlow
2002		Jasper "Buddy" Noone
2002		Louis Waters
2003		Lt. Colonel Joshua Chamberlain
2003	''I Witness''	James Rhodes
2004	''The Goodbye Girl''	Elliot Garfield	Television film
2004	''Imaginary Heroes''	Ben Travis
2004		The Blue Man
2005	''The Squid and the Whale''	Bernard Berkman
2005		The Preacher
2005	''Good Night, and Good Luck.''	Sig Mickelson
2006		Travis Gornicke
2006		Alvin Dewey
2007	''The Lookout''	Lewis	Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
2007		Mert Rosenbloom
2007	''A Plumm Summer''	narrator
2008	''Sweet Nothing in My Ear''	Dan Miller	Television film
2008	''Space Chimps''	Zartog	voice only
2008		Carter
2009		Representative George Fergus
2009		Arlen Faber
2009		Jerry Farlander
2009		Richard Dunn
2010		Professor David Kirk
2010	''Planet Sheen''	Glonb	Voice Episode: "What's Up Chock?"
2010	''The Adventures of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer''	Santa Claus
2011		Mickey
2012	''Dumb and Dumbest: The Next Generation''	Harry Dunne

References

External links

Jeff Daniels Music Interview

Jeff Daniels interview

Category:1955 births Category:Living people Category:People from Athens, Georgia Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American dramatists and playwrights Category:American musicians Category:American Methodists Category:Central Michigan University alumni Category:Obie Award recipients Category:People from Washtenaw County, Michigan Category:Actors from Michigan Category:Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)

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