Coordinates	39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N
imagecaption	A jab
name	Jab (Straight punch)
aka	Turkey: Direk Estonia: Sirge Poland: Prosty Serbia: Direkt France: Direct (bras avant) Japan: Oi-zuki (Choku-zuki) China: 刺拳/前手直拳 Thailand: Mud Trong Burma: Pyon Latt-di
focus	Striking }}

A jab is a type of punch used in the martial arts.

Several variations of the jab exist, but every jab shares these characteristics: while in a fighting stance, the lead fist is thrown straight ahead and the arm is fully extended. It is an overhand punch; at the moment of impact, the pronated fist is generally held in a horizontal orientation with the palm facing the ground.

Uses for the jab

Defense

A jab is an integral part of a fighter's defense. Its speed and power of execution and reach can keep the opponent at a distance, preventing him from charging in. Defensive jabs can be employed while moving backwards.

Speed jab

This jab gives a fighter high mobility and is often used with the intention of scoring points. Fighters use this variation of the jab when they want to preserve the mobility and balance of their stance.

Power jab

Power can be added to a jab if it is thrown with a moderate step forward. The drawback to this technique is that it takes the fighter out of his boxing stance, committing him to the punch rather more than the speed jab. A "pivot jab" is the most powerful jab, one in which the weight shifts almost entirely to the lead foot, which pivots to put the mass of the body behind the punch. Jabbing from the hip, rather than from a tight guard, will add power to the jab at the expense of speed.

Jab to the body

Jabbing to the body is relatively uncommon, because it increases a fighter's vulnerability to a counterpunch. Typically, the fighter bends at the waist and fires a speed jab to the midsection of his opponent in an attempt at getting the opponent to drop his guard. It is impractical to put the body weight behind this punch, so power is limited.

Jab combinations

Jabs are often doubled up in an attempt at getting the opponent to compromise his guard.

"Jabbing on the fly" is a point-scoring maneuver that employs a quick series of speed jabs thrown by a circling fighter.

Most combinations start with a jab as a way of closing the distance and finding the proper range. In this context, the jab is referred to as a "set-up jab".

Many fighters end their combinations with a jab that is designed to stifle counterpunches.

Historians consider some of the best ''jabbers'' in history to be Sonny Liston, Larry Holmes, Muhammad Ali, Hector Camacho, and Sugar Ray Leonard. Recent master jabbers include Lennox Lewis and currently the No.1 heavyweight Wladimir Klitschko, both coached by the same trainer and able to develop significant power into their jabs. Holmes' jab has often been called "the best among Heavyweights", Ali's jab was famous for its speed and Liston's for its power.

References

Category:Boxing terminology Category:Punches (combat)

de:Jab (Boxen) fr:Coup de poing direct du bras avant id:Jab it:Diretto ja:ジャブ no:Jab ru:Джеб fi:Jab sv:Jabb uk:Джеб

Coordinates	39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N
name	Anderson Silva
other names	The Spider
birth name	Anderson da Silva
nationality	Brazilian
birth date	April 14, 1975
birth place	São Paulo, Brazil
other names	The Spider
residence	Curitiba, Brazil
fighting out of	Torrance, California, United States
height
weight lb	184
weight class	Welterweight (pre-2003) Middleweight Light Heavyweight
reach in	77.6
style	Muay Thai, Boxing, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Taekwondo, Judo, Capoeira
trainer	Boxing: Josuel Distak Jiu-Jitsu: Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira, Sylvio Behring and Ramon Lemos
team	Black House
stance	Southpaw
rank	Black belt in Brazilian Jiu-JitsuBlack belt in JudoBlack belt in TaekwondoYellow rope in Capoeira
years active	1997 – present (MMA)
box win	1
box kowin	1
box loss	1
box koloss	1
mma win	31
mma kowin	18
mma subwin	6
mma decwin	7
mma loss	4
mma subloss	2
mma decloss	1
mma dqloss	1
children	5
url	http://www.spidersilva.com/
boxrec	152826
sherdog	1356
updated	February 5, 2011 }}

Anderson da Silva (; born April 14, 1975) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist. He is the current UFC Middleweight Champion and the promotion's longest reigning champion. With 14 consecutive wins, Silva holds the longest active winning streak in the UFC and the record for the longest winning streak in UFC history. In a press conference for UFC 134, UFC president Dana White proclaimed Silva as the greatest fighter in the history of mixed martial arts.

Silva is ranked as the number one Middleweight in the world by multiple publications; he is also the consensus #1 pound-for-pound fighter in the world according to multiple publications. Silva is also the last Cage Rage Middleweight Champion and a former Shooto Middleweight Champion. Besides the UFC and Cage Rage, Silva has fought for a number of other MMA promotions including the Pride Fighting Championships, Shooto and Rumble on the Rock.

Biography

Although known primarily for his mastery of Muay Thai striking, Silva is also a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu blackbelt, a rank he earned in 2006 from Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira who follows Gracie Lineage through Carlson Gracie, likewise Murilo Bustamante and the Brazilian Top Team. He began martial arts training at the age of 14, training Tae kwon do and earning a black belt by the age of 18. He is also a black belt in Judo and a yellow rope in Capoeira.

Once a member of the Chute Boxe Academy, Silva left to form the Muay Thai Dream Team. In late November 2006, he joined new team Black House with Lyoto Machida, Vitor Belfort, Assuerio Silva, and the Nogueira brothers. On May 16, 2008 Silva and Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira opened the Team Nogueira MMA Academy in Miami, Florida.

Mixed martial arts career

Early career

Silva initially fought in his native Brazil in the welterweight category. According to Sherdog.com, Silva made his professional debut in 1997 with a pair of wins. Silva recorded his first loss in 2000 to Luiz Azeredo by decision. After that fight, he went on a nine-fight winning streak, winning six of those fights by either submission or TKO. After winning his first match in Japan he was put up against Shooto champion Hayato Sakurai on August 26, 2001. Silva beat Sakurai by unanimous decision after three rounds and became the new Shooto Middleweight Champion (at 167 lb) and the first man to defeat Sakurai who was undefeated in his first 20 fights.

Pride Fighting Championships

In 2002, Silva began fighting in Pride. In his first fight with the promotion, he stopped Alex Stiebling with a cut resulting from a high kick. In his next match, he won via decision against the "Diet Butcher" Alexander Otsuka. At ''Pride 25'', Silva faced former UFC welterweight champion Carlos Newton. Newton tried to shoot in on Silva, but was hit with a flying knee. Newton collapsed and Silva finished the fight with strikes, winning by technical knockout.

At ''Pride 26'', Silva faced Daiju Takase. Considering his record at the time – with only four wins to seven losses – Takase was a big underdog. Surprisingly, after dominating most of the fight with takedowns, top position, and effective ground and pound, Takase submitted Silva with a triangle choke late in the first round.

After his loss to Takase, Silva fought in other promotions around the world. On June 27, 2004, Silva fought Jeremy Horn and earned a decision victory.

Cage Rage

Three months later, Silva made his debut in the Cage Rage promotion in England. At ''Cage Rage 8'' Silva fought and defeated noted striker Lee Murray by decision. That year, Silva returned to Pride on December 31 to face Ryo Chonan. Silva was in control with a take down and body triangle in the first round. Chonan was able to counter Silva's knees from the clinch, with knees, and takedowns. Despite being the underdog, Chonan ended the fight in the third round with a flying scissor heel hook, forcing Silva to submit. After the loss to Chonan, Silva continued fighting in the Cage Rage promotion, as well as other promotions around the world. Silva defended his Cage Rage title against Curtis Stout.

Although he was slated to fight Matt Lindland at ''Cage Rage 16'', Lindland's decision to fight Mike Van Arsdale at ''Raze Fight Night'' put an end to the highly-anticipated match up. Instead, Silva defended his championship against Tony Fryklund, winning the fight with a reverse elbow, knocking out Fryklund early in the first round.

Silva vs. Okami

Silva competed in Hawaii's Rumble on the Rock promotion, where he fought Yushin Okami in the first round of the 175 lb tournament. Although he was labeled as the favorite to win the tournament, Silva lost his fight when he kicked Okami in the face from the guard position. Okami's knees were on the ground at the time, making the attack an illegal strike to the head of a downed opponent. Silva later said that the rule had not been properly explained to him before the bout. "When I fought Okami the rules really weren't explained to me properly in the event I was fighting in," said Silva. "You could kick a downed opponent to the groin or to the head when your back's on the ground. So the rules weren’t explained to me properly." While Okami was given the opportunity to recover and continue fighting, Okami opted for the disqualification win. Silva responded by saying he "felt it was a cheap, cowardly way of winning," and that "people that were there saw that he was in the condition to come back and keep fighting, and he didn't."

Arrival in the UFC

Although speculation ran rampant about where Silva would sign next, the UFC announced in late April 2006 that they had signed him to a multi-fight contract. It was not long before the UFC started promoting Silva, releasing an interview segment almost immediately after announcing his arrival.

Silva vs. Leben

Silva made his debut at ''Ultimate Fight Night 5'' on June 28, 2006. His opponent was ''The Ultimate Fighter 1'' contestant Chris Leben who had gone undefeated in the UFC with five consecutive victories. Leben, confident of victory, had predicted he would KO Silva in a pre-fight interview. A relatively unknown fighter in the United States, Silva made an emphatic debut when he knocked out Leben with a flurry of pinpoint strikes, followed by a final knee strike at 49 seconds into the first round. Silva's striking accuracy was 100%.

Silva vs. Franklin and Winning the Belt

In response to the victory, the UFC quickly tallied a poll on their main page, asking viewers to select Silva's next opponent; the majority of voters selected the UFC Middleweight Champion, Rich Franklin.

Silva fought Franklin at ''UFC 64'' on October 14, 2006, and defeated him by TKO (strikes) at 2:59 in the first round. Silva hit Franklin with knees to the body from the Muay Thai-clinch, then badly broke Franklin's nose with a knee to the face. Unable to strike back, Franklin dodged the last of Silva's strikes before falling to the ground, where referee "Big" John McCarthy ended the fight. Silva was then crowned the new UFC Middleweight Champion, becoming the second man to defeat Franklin, after Black House-teammate Lyoto Machida.

Title defenses and Light Heavyweight bouts

Silva vs. Lutter

On February 3, 2007 at ''UFC 67'', Silva was scheduled to fight ''The Ultimate Fighter 4'' winner Travis Lutter in what would be his first title defense since defeating Rich Franklin in October 2006. However, Lutter failed to make the weight limit and the match was changed to a non-title bout. Many felt that Lutter's best chance to win was to take the fight to the ground, with Lutter being an accomplished Jiu-Jitsu blackbelt. Silva won via submission with combination of a triangle choke and elbow strikes in the second round.

Silva vs. Marquardt

In his next fight at ''UFC 73'' on July 7, 2007, Silva successfully defended his title against Nate Marquardt, winning by TKO at 4:50 in the first round.

Silva vs. Franklin II

Three months later, on October 20, 2007 at ''UFC 77'', Silva fought a title defense rematch against Rich Franklin, in Franklin's hometown of Cincinnati, Ohio at the U.S. Bank Arena. Silva defended his belt by defeating Franklin via TKO in the 2nd round.

Silva vs. Henderson

On March 1, 2008 at ''UFC 82'' Silva fought Pride Middleweight champion Dan Henderson, in a title unification bout (UFC and Pride titles on the line). Again, many thought that Henderson had the edge on the ground, having competed in the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics in Greco-Roman wrestling. Silva defended his title by defeating Henderson via rear naked choke in the 2nd round.

Silva vs. Irvin

At ''UFC Fight Night: Silva vs. Irvin'' on July 19, 2008, Silva made his debut at Light Heavyweight () in a bout against James Irvin. Silva won via KO due to strikes in 1:01 of the first round after catching Irvin's attempted leg kick with his left arm and delivering a straight right that dropped Irvin to the mat, Silva then finished a prone Irvin with a blitz of punches to the head.

Silva vs. Cote

Silva's next fight was on October 25, 2008 at ''UFC 90'' in Rosemont, Illinois, Silva defended his Middleweight title against Patrick Côté. In the third round, Côté landed awkwardly on his right leg while throwing a kick and fell to the mat grasping his right knee in pain. Referee Herb Dean declared the fight over when Côté could not continue, ruling the bout a TKO victory for Silva. Côté, however, became the first of Silva's UFC opponents to make it past the 2nd round.

After his fight with Côté, Silva was criticized for seemingly avoiding contact during the bout. Dana White criticized Silva, saying: "I didn't understand Silva's tactics... It wasn't the Anderson Silva I've been watching the last two years." Silva said in the post-fight news conference:

"There are many people saying I was disrespecting Cote, but this is absolutely not true. My game plan since the beginning was fight five rounds, inducing him to commit mistakes and capitalize on that during the first three rounds and look for the knockout during the fourth and fifth rounds. It was working, and the biggest proof of that is that I almost didn’t waste any blows. I connected with a couple of good punches and knees, but unfortunately he got hurt and the fight was over. This is not my fault."

Silva vs. Leites

On April 18, 2009 at ''UFC 97'' in Montreal, Canada, Anderson Silva defeated Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu blackbelt Thales Leites by Unanimous Decision, and recorded his UFC record 9th consecutive win in the octagon. Thales Leites is credited with being the first man in UFC history to take Silva through 5 rounds to a judges' decision. The crowd repeatedly booed his lackluster performance, bored expression, and frustrated attempts to goad his opponent into fighting, and in the 4th and 5th rounds took to dancing, lowering his guard and slapping his opponent without retaliation. Following the fight, Dana White has stated that he was "embarrassed" by Silva's performance, but still said that he believes him to be "the best pound-for-pound fighter in the world".

Silva vs. Griffin

At ''UFC 101'' which took place on August 8, 2009 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Silva again fought at 205 pounds against former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Forrest Griffin. Griffin was knocked down three times in the first round. The bout earned Silva Beatdown of the Year honors from Sherdog. The bout shared those honors with the second bout between Brock Lesnar and Frank Mir. Both fighters were awarded $60,000 as Fight of the Night bonuses and Silva received $60,000 in bonus money for Knockout of the Night.

After defeating Griffin, a Yahoo! Sports reporter allegedly claimed that Silva's manager, Ed Soares, had confirmed that Silva would abandon his Middleweight belt to fight at Light Heavyweight. However, Soares and a UFC spokesperson confirmed that a conversation agreeing Silva would permanently move up to Light Heavyweight never took place. Silva did not relinquish his title to fight exclusively at Light Heavyweight. Soares stated his attorney plans to speak to Yahoo! Sports about the matter.

Silva vs. Maia

Silva was expected to defend the UFC Middleweight Championship against Vitor Belfort on January 2, 2010 at UFC 108. However, Ed Soares announced that the bout would not take place as Silva would not be fully recovered from surgery. Silva was then set to face Belfort on February 6, 2010 at UFC 109. The fight, however, was dependent on Silva's healing, which he described as "not going as planned." The fight was canceled because of Silva's slow recovery. Silva was once again scheduled to face Belfort on April 10, 2010 at UFC 112. The fight was later canceled again due to an injury to Belfort. Demian Maia was selected to fill the spot and take on Silva for the belt.

In the first two rounds Silva appeared to mock his opponent while employing quick, precise striking. In the third round, however, Silva's tempo seemed to change. He looked to Maia to be the aggressor while he largely circled and taunted his opponent. In the fifth round, Silva's lack of action prompted referee Dan Miragliotta to warn Silva for his conduct. The crowd began to side with Maia, who was the only fighter attempting to engage. After 5 rounds, Silva was declared the winner via unanimous decision.

Silva was widely criticized for his performance. Dana White said it was the most embarrassed he had ever been since becoming UFC president. Midway through the fourth round, White walked away from the fight and gave the championship belt to Silva's manager, Ed Soares. White was so annoyed that he declined to personally place the belt around Silva's waist, claiming it was the first time he had done so after a title match. It was also claimed that Silva verbally insulted Maia multiple times during the fight.

In the immediate post-fight interview, Silva apologized and said he did not know what got into him and said he should have been more humble. However, in the official post-fight press conference, he said he "owed nobody an apology" and that "he couldn't please everyone". He also made multiple references about how Demian insulted him. In the same conference, Dana White apologized to the fans that "bought this [stuff]", and said he would make it up to them.

Silva vs. Sonnen

Dana White went on to say, on April 14 (Anderson's 35th birthday) in an appearance on ESPN's Jim Rome is Burning, that Anderson's next title defense would be against Chael Sonnen at UFC 117 in Oakland, California, and that "If he [Silva] ever acts like that again in the ring, I will cut him."

On August 7, 2010, Silva faced Chael Sonnen for the UFC Middleweight Title at UFC 117. In the first round, Sonnen stunned Silva with a punch before taking him down and dominating from the top position, landing multiple blows. The following three rounds played out in a similar fashion, going to the ground early with Sonnen dominating from inside Silva's guard. In the fifth round, Silva slipped while ducking under Sonnen's left hook and the challenger took advantage by once again establishing a top position and delivering strikes to Silva. With about two minutes left in the round, Silva was able to lock up a triangle armbar on Sonnen, forcing Sonnen to submit at 3:10 of Round 5.

Silva was hit more in the fight than in his entire career. According to CompuStrike, in his first 11 UFC fights, Silva was hit 208 times. Sonnen hit him a total of 289 times. After the bout it was revealed that Sonnen would have won a judges' decision. All three judges had Sonnen marked as the winner of all four rounds, judges Nelson Hamilton and Dan Stell had Sonnen taking Round 1 10–8, as well as Hamilton awarding the challenger another 10–8 total in Round 3.

Silva allegedly went into the fight with injured ribs and his doctor advised him not to fight. During the first round, he cracked his rib and was out until 2011 because of the injury. Following the fight the California State Athletic Commission confirmed that Chael Sonnen tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs (PED's). Doping tests revealed Sonnen had an elevated testosterone level which fell outside of the normal range prior to his fight with Silva. Dana White had announced that Sonnen would get a rematch when Silva returns, but this was revoked after the issue with PEDs came to light.

Silva vs. Belfort

Silva faced Vitor Belfort on February 5, 2011 at UFC 126. Belfort was expected to face Yushin Okami on November 13, 2010 at UFC 122, but was replaced by Nate Marquardt. After a "feeling out" period of about two and a half minutes in the first round, Silva and Belfort started to trade strikes. Silva landed a brutal front kick to Belfort's jaw and followed up with punches to the grounded challenger. Referee Mario Yamasaki stopped the fight at 3:25 minutes into the first round. Silva extended his record streak of title defenses to eight and his overall record to 30–4.

Silva vs. Okami II

Silva faced Yushin Okami on August 27, 2011 at UFC 134. The fight was a rematch from the 2006 Rumble on the Rock tournament where Okami defeated Silva via disqualification, thus making Okami the last fighter to defeat Silva. Silva defeated Okami, avenging his most recent loss, in a manner similar to when he fought Griffin. Silva dropped his hands and used effective counter-striking and head movement to knock Okami down twice, finishing him off with ground-and-pound. Several fighters including Forrest Griffin stated after the fight, "A healthy Silva is simply unbeatable. The 185 pound division is not weak and contains amazing fighters except none of them can come close to Anderson."

Personal life

In an interview with MMA Weekly, Anderson Silva's manager stated: "Anderson would love to fight Roy Jones Jr. in a boxing match up under boxing rules to prove that MMA fighters are technical, too." UFC president, Dana White, later expressed that he would use his veto power to stop such a match from taking place because he does not need his fighters getting themselves injured while fighting outside of the octagon. Silva, however, has commented: "After my contract with the UFC is finished, I will set up the fight with Jones Jr. The fight has already been permitted by Jones himself." In April 2009, Jones himself confirmed he is still interested in fighting Silva: "I'm going to try and make it happen. He's saying he wants to fight me, so, OK, I'm ready. Let's brawl." Roy Jones Jr. was in attendance at UFC 101.

In an interview with Brazilian TV station SporTV in September 2008, Silva stated that he was interested in retiring within the next year. However, Anderson's manager, Ed Soares and co-manager Nicholas Gansen, responded to the talk of retirement by saying that Anderson was contractually obligated to fight six more fights (his sixth was against Vitor Belfort) and would do so before retiring. Soares further stated that Silva desires to retire when he is 35 which he turned on April 14, 2010. According to Anderson Silva's manager, Ed Soares, he is not retiring after his contract is over in 2010 and what he supposedly wants is to stay in the 185 division.

Silva is Afro-Brazilian and has three sons and two daughters with his wife. Silva appeared in ''Never Surrender'' in 2009.

Fighting style

Silva is an extremely well rounded fighter whose striking ability is considered to be one of the best in MMA. Silva's striking accuracy, knockout power, technically vicious Muay Thai and ability to counterstrike makes him a danger to his opponents. Silva's striking uses three major strengths: technical precision, the jab and transitions and movement. Silva switches from Southpaw to Orthodox with little drop-off in effectiveness. Although it has been claimed that his ground game is not as good as his stand-up, Silva has submitted notable grapplers, including Olympic wrestler Dan Henderson, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu blackbelt Travis Lutter and Olympic alternate Chael Sonnen.

Championships and accomplishments

Mixed martial arts

Shooto

*Shooto Middleweight Championship (One time)

Cage Rage Championships

*Cage Rage Middleweight Championship (One time, Last)

*Three successful title defenses

Ultimate Fighting Championship

*UFC Middleweight Championship (One time, Current)

*Won Fight of the Night (Three times)

*Won Knockout of the Night (Three times)

*Won Submission of the Night (Two times)

*Unified UFC Middleweight and Pride FC Welterweight Championships

*Most consecutive title defenses (Nine)

*Most successful title defenses (Nine)

*Most consecutive wins in the UFC (Fourteen)

*Longest UFC title reign

ESPY Award

In June 2009, Anderson Silva was nominated for the 2009 ESPYs "Best Fighter" category, along with Lyoto Machida, Manny Pacquiao and Shane Mosley. The award was won by Manny Pacquiao.

Sherdog

Won Sherdog Beatdown of the Year for 2009 win over Forrest Griffin

MMA Live

Won MMA Live Fight of the Year for 2010 win over Chael Sonnen

World MMA Awards

Won World MMA Awards Fight of the Year for 2010 win over Chael Sonnen

Mixed martial arts record

|- | Win | style="text-align:center;"| 31-4 | Yushin Okami | TKO (punches) | UFC 134 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 2:04 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | |Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Extends UFC record for most consecutive title defenses (9) & wins (14). |- | Win | style="text-align:center;"| 30–4 | Vitor Belfort | KO (front kick and punches) | UFC 126 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 3:25 | Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. |Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Knockout of the night. |- | Win | style="text-align:center;"| 29–4 | Chael Sonnen | Submission (triangle armbar) | UFC 117 | | style="text-align:center;"| 5 | style="text-align:center;"| 3:10 | Oakland, California, U.S. |Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Fight & Submission of the Night; Sonnen later tested positive for elevated testosterone. |- | Win | style="text-align:center;"| 28–4 | Demian Maia | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 112 | | style="text-align:center;"| 5 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Broke record for most consecutive title defenses (6). |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 27–4 | Forrest Griffin | KO (punch) | UFC 101 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 3:23 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | Light Heavyweight bout; Fight of the night; Knockout of the night. |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 26–4 | Thales Leites | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 97 | | style="text-align:center;"| 5 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Montreal, Canada | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Broke UFC record for most consecutive wins (9); Tied record for most title defenses (5) |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 25–4 | Patrick Côté | TKO (knee injury) | UFC 90 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 0:39 | Rosemont, Illinois, U.S. | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship. |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 24–4 | James Irvin | KO (punches) | UFC: Silva vs Irvin | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 1:01 | Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. | Light Heavyweight bout; after the fight Irvin tested positive for illegal substances |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 23–4 | Dan Henderson | Submission (rear-naked choke) | UFC 82 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 4:50 | Columbus, Ohio, U.S. | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship, Fight & Submission of the Night; Unified PRIDE Welterweight & UFC Middleweight titles. |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 22–4 | Rich Franklin | TKO (knees) | UFC 77 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 1:07 | Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship; Knockout of the night |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 21–4 | Nate Marquardt | TKO (punches) | UFC 73 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 4:50 | Sacramento, California, U.S. | Defended UFC Middleweight Championship |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 20–4 | Travis Lutter | Submission (elbows) | UFC 67 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 2:11 | Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. | Non-title fight (Lutter did not make weight) |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 19–4 | Rich Franklin | KO (knee) | UFC 64 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 2:59 | Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. | Won UFC Middleweight Championship |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 18–4 | Chris Leben | KO (knee) | UFC Ultimate Fight Night 5 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 0:49 | Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 17–4 | Tony Fryklund | KO (elbow) | Cage Rage 16 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 2:02 | London, England | Defended Cage Rage World Middleweight Championship |- |Loss | style="text-align:center;"| 16–4 | Yushin Okami | DQ (illegal kick) | Rumble on the Rock 8 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 2:33 | Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S. | ROTR WW Tournament Opening Round; Silva was disqualified for delivering an illegal upkick that rendered Okami unable to continue. |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 16–3 | Curtis Stout | KO (punches) | Cage Rage 14 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 4:59 | London, England | Defended Cage Rage World Middleweight Championship |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 15–3 | Jorge Rivera | TKO (knees and punches) | Cage Rage 11: Face Off | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 3:53 | London, England | Defended Cage Rage World Middleweight Championship |- |Loss | style="text-align:center;"| 14–3 | Ryo Chonan | Submission (flying heel hook) | Pride Shockwave 2004 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 3:08 | Saitama, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 14–2 | Lee Murray | Decision (unanimous) | Cage Rage 8 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | London, England | Won Cage Rage World Middleweight Championship |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 13–2 | Jeremy Horn | Decision (unanimous) | Gladiator FC: Day 2 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Seoul, South Korea | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 12–2 | Waldir dos Anjos | TKO (corner stoppage) | Conquista Fight 1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Vitória da Conquista, Brazil | |- |Loss | style="text-align:center;"| 11–2 | Daiju Takase | Submission (triangle choke) | Pride 26 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 8:33 | Yokohama, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 11–1 | Carlos Newton | KO (flying knee and punches) | Pride 25 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 6:27 | Yokohama, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 10–1 | Alexander Otsuka | Decision (unanimous) | Pride 22 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Nagoya, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 9–1 | Alex Stiebling | TKO (doctor stoppage) | Pride 21 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 1:23 | Saitama, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 8–1 | Roan Carneiro | Submission (punches) | Mecca: World Vale Tudo 6 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:32 | Curitiba, Brazil | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 7–1 | Hayato Sakurai | Decision (unanimous) | Shooto: To The Top 7 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Osaka, Japan | Won Shooto Middleweight (168 pounds) Championship |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 6–1 | Israel Albuquerque | Submission (punches) | Mecca: World Vale Tudo 5 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 6:17 | Curitiba, Brazil | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 5–1 | Tetsuji Kato | Decision (unanimous) | Shooto: To The Top 2 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3 | style="text-align:center;"| 5:00 | Tokyo, Japan | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | Claudionor Fontinelle | TKO (punches and knees) | Mecca: World Vale Tudo 4 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 4:35 | Curitiba, Brazil | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 3–1 | Jose Barreto | TKO (head kick and punches) | Mecca: World Vale Tudo 2 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 1:06 | Curitiba, Brazil | |- |Loss | style="text-align:center;"| 2–1 | Luiz Azeredo | Decision (unanimous) | Mecca: World Vale Tudo 1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2 | style="text-align:center;"| 10:00 | Curitiba, Brazil | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 2–0 | Fabricio Camoes | TKO (retirement) | Brazilian Freestyle Circuit 1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 25:14 | Campo Grande, Brazil | |- |Win | style="text-align:center;"| 1–0 | Raimundo Pinheiro | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Brazilian Freestyle Circuit 1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1 | style="text-align:center;"| 1:53 | Campo Grande, Brazil |

Boxing record

Result	Record	Opponent	Method	Date	Round	Time	Location	Notes
align="center" xWin		Julio Cesar De Jesus	KO				Ginasio Antonio Balbino, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
align="center" xLoss		Osmar Luiz Teixeira	TKO				Uniao da Vitoria, Parana, Brazil

See also

List of current mixed martial arts champions

List of current UFC fighters

List of male mixed martial artists

References

External links

Black House MMA

Anderson Silva Fight Stats

Official UFC Profile

|- Category:Brazilian capoeira practitioners Category:Brazilian expatriates in the United States Category:Brazilian judoka Category:Brazilian mixed martial artists Category:Brazilian Muay Thai practitioners Category:Brazilian people of Black African descent Category:Brazilian practitioners of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Category:Brazilian taekwondo practitioners Category:Light heavyweight mixed martial artists Category:Living people Category:Middleweight mixed martial artists Category:People from Curitiba Category:Ultimate Fighting Championship champions Category:Welterweight mixed martial artists Category:1975 births

de:Anderson Silva (Kampfsportler) fr:Anderson Silva ko:앤더슨 실바 it:Anderson Silva ja:アンデウソン・シウバ no:Anderson Silva pl:Anderson Silva pt:Anderson Silva ru:Силва, Андерсон simple:Anderson Silva fi:Anderson Silva sv:Anderson Silva uk:Андерсон Сілва

Coordinates	39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N
Name	Ustad Rashid Khan
Background	solo_singer
Birth date	July 01, 1966
Origin	Badayun, UP, India
Genre	Hindustani classical music, Rampur-Sahaswan gharana
Occupation	Classical Vocalist
Years active	1977–present }}

Ustad Rashid Khan (born 1 July 1966) is an Indian classical musician in the Hindustani music tradition. He belongs to the Rampur-Sahaswan Gharana, and is the great grandson of Gharana founder Ustad Inayat Hussain Khan.

In a story told in several versions, it appears that Pandit Bhimsen Joshi said at one point, that Rashid Khan was the "assurance for the future of Indian vocal music". He was awarded the Padma Shri, as well as the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2006.

Early life

Born in Badayun, Uttar Pradesh. He received his initial training from his maternal grand-uncle, Ustad Nissar Hussain Khan (1909–1993). He is also the nephew of Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Khan.

As a child he had little interest in music. His uncle Ghulam Mustafa Khan was among the first to note his musical talents, and for some time trained him in Mumbai. However, he received his main training from Nissar Hussain Khan, initially at his house in Badayun. A strict disciplinarian, Nissar Hussain Khan would insist on voice training (''sur sAdhanA'') from four in the morning, and make Rashid practice one note of the scale for hours on end. A whole day would be spent on practising just a single note. Although Rashid detested these lessons as a child, but the disciplined training shows in his easy mastery of taan (glissandos) and layakaari today. It was not until he was 18 that Rashid began to truly enjoy his musical training.

Career

Rashid Khan gave his first concert at age eleven, and the following year, 1978, he performed at an ITC concert in Delhi. In April 1980, when Nissar Hussain Khan moved to the ITC Sangeet Research Academy (SRA), Calcutta, Rashid Khan also joined the academy at the age of 14. By 1994, he was acknowledged as a musician (a formal process) at the academy.

Musical style

The Rampur-Sahaswan ''gayaki'' (style of singing) is closely related to the Gwalior Gharana, which features medium-slow tempos, a full-throated voice and intricate rhythmic play. Rashid Khan includes the slow elaboration in his vilambit khayals in the manner of his maternal grand-uncle and also developed exceptional expertise in the use of sargams and sargam ''taankari'' (play on the scale).

He is also a master of the tarana like his guru but sings them in his own manner, preferring the khayal style rather than the instrumental stroke-based style for which Nissar Hussain was famous. There is no imitation of instrumental tone. His mastery of all aspects tonal variations, dynamics and timbre adjustment leave very little to be desired in the realm of voice culture.

His renderings stand out for the emotional overtones in his melodic elaboration. He says: "The emotional content may be in the alaap, sometimes while singing the bandish, or while giving expression to the meaning of the lyrics." This brings a touch of modernity to his style, as compared to the older maestros, who placed greater emphasis on impressive technique and skillful execution of difficult passages.

Rashid Khan has also experimented with fusing pure Hindustani music with lighter musical genres, e.g. in the Sufi fusion recording ''Naina Piya Se'' (songs of Amir Khusro), or in experimental concerts with western instrumentalist Louis Banks. He has also performed jugalbandis, along with sitarist Shahid Parvez and others.

Discography

Aao Ge Jab - Jab We Met

The Song of Shiva

Morning Mantra

Allah Hi Rahem - My Name Is Khan

Yatra - A Journey of Rabindrasangeet & Hindustani Classical Bandish, with Nachiketa Chakraborty

Naina Piya Se

Raga Bageshri / Desh (1991)

Raga Yaman / Raga Kirwani (1994)

Khyal (1996)

Live In Concert: Moreton Centre (2000)

The Genius of Rashid Khan (2000)

The Song of Shiva (2000)

In London (2000)

Voice of India (2002)

Morning Mantra (2003)

Yearning (2006)

Reflection (2006)

Awards

Padma Shri (2006)

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (2006)

Global Indian Music Awards (GIMA) (2010)

References

Category:1966 births Category:Living people Category:Hindustani singers Category:People from Badaun Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award

ml:ഉസ്താദ് റഷീദ് ഖാൻ

Coordinates	39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N
name	Asha Bhosle
background	solo_singer
birth name	Asha Mangeshkar
born	September 08, 1933Sangli, Bombay Presidency, British India
genre	Pop, folk, Indian classical music
occupation	Singer, playback singer
years active	1943–present }}

Asha Bhosle () (born September 8, 1933) is an Indian singer. She is one of the best-known and highly regarded Hindi playback singers in India, although she has a much wider repertoire. Her career started in 1943 and has spanned over six decades. She has done playback singing for over 1000 Bollywood movies. She has recorded many private albums and has participated in numerous concerts in India and abroad. Bhosle is the sister of playback singer Lata Mangeshkar.

Renowned for her voice range and often credited for her versatility, Bhosle's work includes film music, pop, ghazals, bhajans, traditional Indian Classical music, folk songs, qawwalis, Rabindra Sangeets and Nazrul Geetis. She has sung Hindi, Assamese, Urdu, Telugu, Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, Tamil, Kannada, English, Russian, Czech, Nepali, Malay, Sinhala and Malayalam.

In 2006, Asha Bhosle stated that she had sung over 12,000 songs, a figure repeated by several other sources. The World Records Academy, an international organization which certifies world records, recognized her as the "Most Recorded Artist" in the world, in September 2009. The Government of India honoured her with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2000 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2008.

Biography

Asha Bhosle was born in the small hamlet of Goar in Sangli, Bombay Presidency (now in Maharashtra), into the musical family of Master Deenanath Mangeshkar, who belongs to Gomantak Maratha Samaj. Her father was a theater actor and classical singer. When she was nine years old, her father died. The family moved from Pune to Kolhapur and then to Mumbai. She and her elder sister Lata Mangeshkar began singing and acting in films to support their family. She sang her first film song ''Chala Chala Nav Bala'' for the Marathi movie ''Majha Bal'' (1943). The music for the film was composed by Datta Dawjekar. She made her Hindi film debut when she sang the song ''Saawan Aaya'' for Hansraj Behl's ''Chunariya'' (1948). Her first solo Hindi film song was for the movie ''Raat Ki Raani'' (1949).

At the age of 16, she eloped with 31-year-old Ganpatrao Bhosle, marrying him against her family's wishes. Ganpatrao was Lata's personal secretary. The marriage failed miserably. Her husband and in-laws mistreated her. After a few years of marriage, Asha was turned out (around 1960) by a suspicious Ganpatrao and she went to her maternal home with two children and pregnant with her third child. She continued to sing in films to earn money.

At that time, prominent playback singers like Geeta Dutt, Shamshad Begum and Lata Mangeshkar monopolized the singing for the female lead and the big films, whilst Asha used to get the assignments they refused: singing for the bad girls and vamps, or songs in the second-grade movies. In the 1950s, she sang more songs than most playback singers in Bollywood (not counting Lata). Most of these were in low budget B or C-grade films. Her earliest songs were composed by A R Qureshi, Sajjad Hussain and Ghulam Mohammed, most of which failed to do well. Singing in Dilip Kumar-starrer ''Sangdil'' (1952), composed by Sajjad Hussain, she got reasonable recognition. Consequently, film director Bimal Roy gave her a chance to sing in ''Parineeta'' (1953). Raj Kapoor signed her to sing ''Nanhe Munne Bachche'' with Mohammed Rafi in ''Boot Polish'' (1954), which gained popularity.

O. P. Nayyar gave Asha a break in C.I.D. (1956). She first achieved success in B. R. Chopra's ''Naya Daur'' (1957), composed by him. Her duets with Rafi like ''Maang ke saath tumhara'', ''Saathi haath badhana'' and ''Uden jab jab zulfein teri'', penned by Sahir Ludhianvi earned her recognition. It was the first time that she had got to sing all the songs for the lead actress. B R Chopra recognized her talent and got her to sing in many of his later films including ''Waqt'', ''Gumraah'', Humraaz, ''Aadmi Aur Insaan'' and ''Dhund''. Nayyar's collaboration with Bhosle also produced many hits. Gradually, she established herself and received patronage of composers such as Sachin Dev Burman and Ravi. Bhosle and Nayyar had a professional and personal parting of ways in the 1970s.

In 1966, Asha's performance in the duets from music director R D Burman's first successful movie, ''Teesri Manzil'' won popular acclaim. When Asha first listened to the tune of the song ''Aaja Aaja'', she had felt that she would not be able to sing the Western dance number. R D Burman offered to change the music. She was offended a bit and took it as a challenge to sing the song. After rehearsing for 10 days, when she finally sang the song, an impressed R D Burman handed her a 100-rupee note. ''Aaja Aaja'' and other songs of the film, ''O Haseena Zulfonwali'' and ''O Mere Sona Re'' (all three duets with Rafi, another popular Bollywood singer), became rage of the day. Shammi Kapoor, the actor of the movie, once said – "If I did not have Mohammad Rafi to sing for me, I would have got Asha Bhosle to do the job". Asha's collaboration with R D Burman resulted in numerous hits and a marriage. In 1960s and 1970s, she became the voice of Bollywood's dancer, Helen. It is said that Helen would attend her recording sessions so that she could understand the song better and plan dance steps accordingly. Some of the most popular Asha Bhosle-Helen numbers are ''Piya Tu Ab To Aaja'' (''Caravan''), ''O Haseena Zulfon Wali'' (''Teesri Manzil''), and ''Yeh Mera Dil'' (''Don'').

By the 1980s, Asha Bhosle had been stereotyped as a "cabaret singer" and a "pop crooner". In Rekha-starrer ''Umrao Jaan'', she proved her versatility by singing ghazals like ''Dil cheez kya hai'', ''In aankhon ki masti ke'', ''Ye kya jagah hai doston'' and ''Justju jiski thi''. The film's music director Khayyam, had lowered her pitch by half a note. Asha herself was surprised that she could sing so differently. The ghazals won her the first National Award of her career. A few years later, she won another National Award for the song ''Mera Kuchh Saamaan'' from ''Ijaazat'' (1987).

In 1995, the 62-year-old sung for actress Urmila Matondkar in the movie ''Rangeela''. The soundtrack featured songs like ''Tanha Tanha'' and ''Rangeela Re'' sung by her, and composed by music director A. R. Rahman, who went on to record many more songs with her.

In 2005, 72-year-old Asha's numbers for the Tamil film ''Chandramukhi'' and the pop song ''Lucky Lips'' for Salman Khan-starrer ''Lucky'' were chartbusters. Some of the other popular Tamil songs sung by her are ''Oh! Butterfly'', ''September Maadham'' and ''Vennila Vennila''.

In October 2004, ''The Very Best of Asha Bhosle, The Queen of Bollywood'', a compilation album of songs recorded by Bhosle for albums and Bollywood films that were released between 1966 & 2003, was released.

It has been 70 years since Asha Bhosle began singing for movies, but in 2011, she will finally star in her first film "Maaee." The movie will begin filming in April and is scheduled to premiere in June.

Partnership with music directors

;O.P. Nayyar

Music director O. P. Nayyar's association with Asha is part of Bollywood lore. He was the composer who first gave Asha her own identity. Many people have speculated about a romantic relationship between the two.

Nayyar first met Asha in 1952, at the music recording of ''Chham Chhama Chham''. He first called her for a film called ''Mangu'' (1954), and gave her a big break in ''CID'' (1956). However, it was the success of ''Naya Daur'' (1957), that made the duo very popular. After 1959, she was emotionally and professionally involved with Nayyar.

The team of O.P. Nayyar and Asha Bhosle is best remembered for their breezy and sometimes sirenish songs. Some good examples of their sensuous numbers are ''Aaiye meherbaan'' picturised on Madhubala (''Howrah Bridge'', 1958) and ''Yeh hai reshmi zulfon ka andhera'' picturised on Mumtaz (''Mere Sanam'', 1965). They also recorded songs for many hit movies like ''Tumsa Nahin Dekha'' (1957), ''Howrah Bridge'' (1958), ''Ek Musafir Ek Hasina'' (1962), ''Kashmir Ki Kali'' (1964), ''Aao huzur tumko'' (''Kismat'') and ''Jaaiye aap kahan'' (''Mere Sanam''). O.P. Nayyar used the Asha Bhosle-Mohammad Rafi duo for his most popular duets such as ''Ude jab jab zulfein teri'' (''Naya Daur''), ''Main pyaar ka rahi hoon'' (''Ek Musafir Ek Haseena''), ''Deewana Hua Baadal'' and ''Ishaaron hi isharon mein'' (''Kashmir Ki Kali'').

Asha recorded her last song for O.P. Nayyar in the movie ''Pran Jaye Par Vachan Na Jaye'' (1974). The solo number ''Chain se'' got many awards, but it was not included in the movie.

They split on August 5, 1972. It is not clear what made them part their ways. On being asked the reason for their parting, O P Nayyar once said, "I know astrology very well. I knew that one day I had to part with her. Something also happened, that upset me, so I left her." Nevertheless, he also said "...now that I am seventy-six, I can say that the most important person in my life was Asha Bhosle. She was the best person I ever met."

The parting of Asha Bhosle and O.P. Nayyar was bitter, and probably therefore she has hesitated to give Nayyar his due. While talking about O.P. Nayyar in an interview with The Times of India, she once remarked - "Whichever composer gave me work, it was because my voice was suited to his music at that point. No ''one'' musician did me any favor by asking me to sing for him." She gives the credit for her first big break to B. R. Chopra, the producer of ''Naya Daur''.

;Khayyam Another music director who recognized Asha's talent early was Khayyam. Their partnership dates back to his first movie ''Biwi'' (1948). Khayyam gave her some good assignments in the 1950s, including ''Dard'' and ''Phir Subah Hogi''. But the team is chiefly remembered for the songs of ''Umrao Jaan''.

;Ravi Music composer Ravi considered Asha one of his favorite singers. She sang for his first movie ''Vachan'' (1955). The melodious lullaby from the movie, ''Chandamama door ke'' became an overnight hit among young mothers in India. Ravi got her to sing bhajans for the movies ''Gharana'', ''Grihasti'', ''Kajal'' and ''Phool Aur Patthar'', at a time when most of the composers remembered her only when they needed to record B-grade songs picturized on the vamps or the side-heroines. Ravi and Asha recorded a variety of songs, including the popular funny duet with Kishore Kumar - ''C A T...Cat maane billi'' (''Dilli Ka Thug''). The bhajan ''Tora man darpan'' (''Kajal'') is considered one of Asha's best songs.

They also recorded songs for many popular movies like ''Waqt'', ''Chaudhvin Ka Chand'', ''Gumrah'', ''Bahu Beti'', ''China Town'', ''Aadmi Aur Insaan'', ''Dhund'' and ''Humraaz''. For ''Chaudhvin Ka Chand'', Ravi wanted Geeta Dutt (the wife of actor and producer Guru Dutt) to sing the songs. But when she backed out, Guru Dutt insisted that Asha sing the songs.

;Sachin Dev Burman One of Bollywood's most famous composers, Sachin Dev Burman and his favorite singer, Lata Mangeshkar, were not on good terms from 1957 to 1962. During this period, S D Burman used Asha as his lead female voice. She and Burman gave many hit songs in movies such as ''Kaala Pani'', ''Kaala Bazaar'', ''Insaan Jaag Utha'', ''Lajwanti'', ''Sujata'' and ''Teen Deviyaan'' (1965). They recorded many songs together after 1962 as well. Most famous of these songs were Asha's duets with Mohammed Rafi and Kishore Kumar. The song ''Ab ke baras'' in Bimal Roy's Bandini (1963) consolidated her position as a lead singer. The seductive song ''Raat Akeli Hai'' from Jewel Thief (1967), picturised on Tanuja, became very popular.

;Rahul Dev Burman (Pancham) Asha first met Rahul Dev Burman (a.k.a. "Pancham") when she was the mother of two and he was in 10th grade having dropped out to pursue music. Their partnership was first noticed in ''Teesri Manzil'' (1966). She went on to record a variety of songs with him - cabarets, rock, disco, ghazals and Indian classical music.

In the 1970s, Asha and Pancham's youthful Western songs took Bollywood music by storm - the raunchy cabaret ''Piya tu ab to aaja'' (''Caravan'', picturized on Helen), the rebellious ''Dum Maro Dum'' ('' Hare Rama Hare Krishna'', 1971), the sexy ''Duniya mein'' (''Apna Desh'', 1972) and the romantic ''Chura Liyaa Hai Tumne'' (''Yaadon Ki Baaraat'', 1973). Pancham also recorded many hit duets with Asha and Kishore Kumar such as ''Jaane jaan'' (''Jawani Diwani'') and ''Bhali bhali si ek soorat'' (''Buddha Mil Gaya'').

In 1980s, Pancham and Asha recorded subtle numbers for films like ''Ijaazat'' (1987)- ''Mera kuch saaman'', ''Khaali haath shaam aayi hai'' and ''Katra Katra''. They also recorded the popular duet ''O Maria'' (''Saagar'').

Asha used to call R D Burman "Bubs". She married him in 1980. Their partnership lasted until his death.

R D Burman made her sing some of the most legendary songs in Bengali language as well, namely ''Mohuyae Jomechhe Aaj mou go'',''Chokhe Chokhe kotha bolo'' ''Chokhhe naame brishti''(Bengali version of ''Jaane Kya Baat hai''), ''Baanshi sune ki ghore thaka jaye'',''Sondhya Belae tumi aami'' and ''Aaj Gungun gun gunje amar'' (Bengali version of ''Pyaar Deewana hota hai'').

;Ilaiyaraaja Prolific south Indian film composer Ilaiyaraaja began employing Asha's vocals in the early 1980s, their earliest collaboration being for the film ''Moondram Pirai'' (1982) (remade in Hindi as ''Sadma'' in 1983). Their association continued, mostly through the latter half of the 1980s and early 1990s. Another notable song from this period is ''Shenbagamae'' (''Enga Ooru Paattukkaaran'', 1987, Tamil). In 2000, Asha sung the theme song for Kamal Haasan's political film ''Hey Ram''. The song, ''Nee Partha Parvai'' (''Janmon Ki Jwala'' in Hindi) (or Aparna's Theme), was a duet with singer Hariharan.

;A. R. Rahman A. R. Rahman is credited with Asha's 'comeback' with ''Rangeela'' (1994). Songs like ''Tanha Tanha'' and ''Rangeela Re'' were chartbusters. She and Rahman went on to record more hits like ''Mujhe Rang De'' (''Thakshak''), ''Radha Kaise Na Jale'' (''Lagaan'', duet with Udit Narayan), ''Kahin Aag Lage'' (''Taal''), ''O Bhanware'' (''Daud'', duet with K. J. Yesudas), ''Venilla Venilla'' (''Iruvar'',1999) and ''Dhuan Dhuan'' (''Meenaxi'',2004).

;Jaidev When S D Burman's assistant Jaidev started giving music independently, he got Asha to sing some of his songs as well. They worked in ''Hum Dono'' (1961), ''Mujhe Jeene Do'' (1963), ''Do Boond Pani'' (1971) and other movies. In 1971, the pair released an LP of eight non-film devotional songs and ghazals called ''An Unforgettable Treat''. Asha considered Jaidev a close friend who stood by her when she was struggling personally and professionally. Upon his death in 1987, she released a compilation album of lesser-known songs he had composed for her, called ''Suranjali''.

;Shankar-Jaikishan Shankar-Jaikishan worked relatively little with Asha. However, the trio produced quite a few hits including the seductive ''Parde mein rehne do'' (''Shikar'', 1968). Asha got her second Filmfare Award for the song. She also sang ''Zindagi ek safar hai suhaana'' (''Andaz'') for Shankar-Jaikishan, in which she tried to yodel like Kishore Kumar, whose version of the song is more better known. When Raj Kapoor was not on speaking terms with Lata Mangeshkar, Asha got to sing the songs of Mera Naam Joker (1970), composed by Shankar-Jaikishan.

;Anu Malik Composer Anu Malik and Asha have recorded many hit songs together, including songs for his first movie ''Sohni Mahiwal'' (1984). Their most popular songs include ''Filhaal'' (''Filhaal'') and ''Kitabein bahut si'' (''Baazigar'') among others. The four lines sung by Asha in Malik's ''Jab dil mile'' (''Yaadein'') stood out among voices of Sukhwinder Singh, Udit Narayan and Sunidhi Chauhan. Asha had also sung for Anu's father Sardar Malik in the 1950s and 1960s, most notably in ''Saranga'' (1960).

;Other Composers Madan Mohan recorded a number of songs with Asha, including the popular folk number ''Jhumka Gira Re'' from ''Mera Saaya'' (1966). In ''Chhoti Si Baat'' (1975), Asha sang the ''Jaaneman Jaaneman'' number with K. J. Yesudas for Salil Chowdhury. Salil's 1956 movie ''Jagte Raho'' also had a number recorded by Asha, ''Thandi Thandi Saawan ki Phuhaar''. Another Asha patron is the young composer Sandeep Chowta, who got her to sing ''Kambakht Ishq'', a duet with Sonu Nigam for the movie ''Pyaar Tune Kya Kiya''(2001). The song gained major popularity among the Indian youth.

Asha has worked with Lata-patrons like Laxmikant-Pyarelal, Naushad, Ravindra Jain, N Dutta and Hemant Kumar. When Naushad was asked to sum up the essential difference between Lata and Asha, he said that Asha "lacks certain something which Lata, and Lata alone has". Later he accepted in an interview, "May be I said it because I then had a closed ear on Asha". Naushad, later in his life, also admitted that he has been unfair to Asha. Asha has also worked with other noted Bollywood composers like Jatin-Lalit, Bappi Lahiri, Kalyanji-Anandji, Usha Khanna, Chitragupt, and Roshan.

Non-Bollywood music

Private albums

In a rare feat, noted lyricist Gulzar, music director R.D. Burman and Asha Bhosle, came together in 1987, to create a double album, titled, ''Dil Padosi Hai'', which was released on September 8, 1987. In 1995, Asha underwent the ''gatha bandan'' (thread-tying) ceremony with Hindustani classical music maestro Ali Akbar Khan to learn a classical repertoire held within the Maihar ''gharana'' (stylistic school of Indian classical music), as handed down to Khan by his father Allauddin Khan (the guru of Ravi Shankar). Later, Asha and Ustad Ali Akbar Khan recorded eleven fixed compositions (or ''bandish''es) in California for ''Legacy'', a private album that earned them a Grammy Award nomination.

In 1990s, Asha experimented with remixed R D Burman songs. She was criticized by many, including Khayyam for tampering with old melodies. Nevertheless, albums like ''Rahul And I'' became quite popular. In 1997, Asha did a private Indipop album ''Janam Samjha Karo'' with Leslie Lewis. The album was hugely popular and won her many awards including the 1997 MTV Award.

Asha had been once asked by director B R Ishaara to compose music for one of his films, but she had politely declined. In 2002, she turned music composer with the album ''Aap Ki Asha'', an eight-song music and video album. The lyrics were written by Majrooh Sultanpuri (his last lyrics). The album was released by Sachin Tendulkar on May 21, 2001 at a lavish party in Mumbai. The album received mixed reviews.

Asha had spotted Pakistani singer Adnan Sami's talent when he was about 10 years old. At that time, she was performing in London, with R D Burman. It was she who had asked him to pursue his interests in music seriously. When Adnan grew up and became a professional musician, Asha sang the title duet with him for his best-selling album ''Kabhi to nazar milao''. The two came together again in the album ''Barse Badal''. The album comprises eight songs, based on Indian Classical music. She contributed the song ''Yun Na Thi'' to the recording ''Womad Talking Book Volume Four: An Introduction to Asia 1'' on Womad Records.

Asha has sung ghazals for many albums like ''Meraj-E-Ghazal'', ''Aabshar-E-Ghazal'' and ''Kashish''. In 2005, Asha released a self-titled album as a tribute to the four ghazal maestros - Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Farida Khanum and Jagjit Singh. The album features eight of her favorite ghazals like Farida Khanum’s ''Aaj Jaane Ki Zid Na Karo'', Ghulam Ali’s ''Chupke Chupke'', ''Aawargi'' and ''Dil Mein Ek Lahar'', Jagjit Singh’s ''Ahista Ahista'' and Mehdi Hassan’s ''Ranjish Hi Sahi'', ''Rafta Rafta'' and ''Mujhe Tum Nazar Se''. These classic ghazals were recreated with modern sounds by musician Pandit Somesh Mathur. The album was aimed at the younger generation, who, according to Asha, are "turned off" by the traditional sounds of tabla and sarangi.

Numerous compilations of Asha's songs have been released as well. To commemorate her 60th birthday, EMI India released three cassettes: ''Bala Main Bairagan Hoongi'' (devotional songs), ''The Golden Collection: Memorable Ghazals'' (non-film ghazals by composers such as Ghulam Ali, R D Burman and Nazar Hussain), and ''The Golden Collection: The Ever Versatile Asha Bhosle'' (44 popular film songs).

In 2006, she recorded an album ''Asha and Friends'', singing duets, with film actors Sanjay Dutt and Urmila Matondkar and famous cricket player Brett Lee, with whom she sang, You're the One for Me (''Haan Main Tumhara Hoon''). All these songs composed by Shamir Tandon were shot on video by journalist turned director S Ramachandran.

Concerts and collaborations with foreign artists

In 1980s and 1990s, Asha went globe-trotting, staging concerts in Canada, Dubai, UK, U.S. and many other countries. In 1989, during a world tour, she performed in 13 US cities in 20 days. Immediately after this, she had an already sold-out concert scheduled in Stockholm, Sweden. Due to the stressful schedule, Asha suffered a massive attack of colitis, together with fever, cough and weakness. In Stockholm, a pre-concert crisis meeting was called, attended by Asha's son (and manager) Anand and the sponsors. It was decided that the orchestra will play many instrumental tracks, the accompanying singers like Suresh Wadkar will shoulder the load, and Asha will make a small appearance. But Asha rejected all such proposals, and sang at the concert with great difficulty, in a not-so-good voice. Her first set of six Bollywood songs did not receive any response from the audience, which consisted mostly of Indian and Pakistani expats. Before the start of the second set of songs, a fan in the crowd requested her to sing a Marathi song. Asha obliged and sang ''Naach-naachuni ati mi damale'' ("I'm very tired of this endless dancing"). When the song ended, the auditorium erupted with claps and the encores started. After the concert, Asha was in bed for a month, recuperating from overexertion. In October 2002, she did a concert with Sudesh Bhosle and others, in London, for "Help the Aged" to help raise funds for the elderly in India. In 2007 she toured the USA, Canada, and West Indies in a tour called "The Incredibles". In this tour, she was accompanied by singers Sonu Nigam, Kunal Ganjawala and Kailash Kher. This tour, originally scheduled for only 12 concerts, went on to hold more than 20.

In the mid-1980s, Asha sang with Boy George (''Bow down mister'') and Stephen Lauscombe. In 1997, she sang a love song with the boy band Code Red, at the age of 64. She also recorded the song ''The Way you Dream'' (One Giant Leap, ) with Michael Stipe that was used in the English movie, ''Bulletproof Monk''. The song was also released on the album 1 Giant Leap for 2002.

In 1997, the British band Cornershop paid tribute to Asha with their song ''Brimful of Asha'', an international hit which was later remixed by Fatboy Slim. In 2001, the CD single of Nelly Furtado's "I'm Like A Bird" included a "Nellie vs. Asha Remix" created by Digital Cutup Lounge.

In 2003, British opera pop singer Sarah Brightman sampled her song "Dil Cheez Kya Hai" on her album ''Harem''. It was used as the intro for her song "You Take My Breath Away".

In 2005, American string quartet Kronos Quartet re-recorded R D Burman compositions like ''Chura Liya'', ''Piya Tu'', ''Mera Kuchh Saaman'' among others and got Asha to sing them. Despite her age, she recorded three to four songs in a day, leaving the quartet members stupefied. On August 23, 2005, ''You've stolen my heart - Songs From R D Burman's Bollywood'' was released in US. The album was nominated for Grammy Awards 2006 in the category of "Best Contemporary World Music Album". In the 1990s, a friend had introduced David Harrington of Kronos Quartet to the song ''Aaj ki raat''. Harrington was mesmerised, and the song ended up on the album ''Kronos Caravan''.

Also in 2005, The Black Eyed Peas sampled her songs "Ae Naujawan Sab Kuchh Yahan" (''Apradh'', 1972) and "Yeh Mera Dil Pyaar Ka Diwana" (''Don'', 1978) in their hit single "Don't Phunk with My Heart". In late 2006, Asha collaborated with Australian test cricket star, Brett Lee. The single, You're the One for Me, debuted at number 4 on the charts and reached a peak position of number 2.

In 2006 Asha recorded one song for the soundtrack of Pakistani movie ''Mein Ek Din Laut Kay Aaaonga''. She sang the song, titled ''Dil Key Taar Bajey'', with famous Pakistani pop singer Jawad Ahmed. It was aired as part of the film's promotional campaign and became very popular, featuring on top music charts.

Personal life

Asha's house is situated in Prabhukunj Apt on Peddar Road area of South Mumbai. She has three children and five grandchildren. The eldest of her three children, Hemant Bhosle (named after Hemant Kumar), spent most of his early years as a pilot and quit to have a brief career as a music director. Asha's daughter Varsha worked as a columnist for ''The Sunday Observer'' and ''Rediff''. Asha's youngest child, Anand Bhosle, has studied business and film direction. He manages Asha's career. Her grandson, Chaitanya (Chintu) Bhosle (Hemant's son) is a part of the world of music. He is a member of India's first & only boy band, "A Band of Boys". Her sisters Lata and Usha Mangeshkar are playback singers. Her other, sister Meena Mangeshkar and brother Hridayanath Mangeshkar are music directors.

Asha is an excellent cook and cooking is her favorite hobby. She often gets flooded with requests by Bollywood celebrities for ''kadai ghosht'' and ''biryani'' dishes and has rarely turned down a request. In fact, her ''paya curry'', ''Goan fish curry'' and ''dal'' are very popular with the Kapoor family of Bollywood. Once, when asked in a ''Times of India'' interview, what if her singing career had not taken off, she said "I would have become a cook. I'd have cooked in four houses and made money."

Asha is a successful restaurateur and runs restaurants in Dubai and Kuwait, called Asha's. Asha's offers traditional north-western Indian cuisine. It has a presence in the Wafi City development in Dubai, as well as three restaurants in Kuwait, at The Avenues Mall, the Marina Mall and a brand new third outlet at the Spoons Complex. Other restaurants can be found in Abu Dhabi's Khaldiya Mall, Doha's Villagio and Bahrain's City Center Mall, with future outposts planned for Dubai's Mall of the Emirates and Cairo, Egypt. Asha Bhosle has a 20% stake in the business. Asha is not involved in day-to-day running of the restaurant which is looked after by the Wafi Group. She takes care of the kitchen and the décor. She personally trained the chefs for almost six months. According to a December 2004 report in the Menu Magazine, Russell Scott, a former head of Harry Ramsden's (the fish and chips chain), secured the UK rights to the Asha's brand and planned to open up to 40 restaurants over the next five years. As part of her chain of restaurants, Asha has recently opened a new restaurant in Birmingham, UK.

Asha's fashion statement is white saree with sparkling embroidery, pearls around her neck and a touch of diamonds. Harrington said "The first time I met Ashaji she was dressed in the most beautiful sari with diamonds and looked very regal. Then I looked down and saw that she was wearing tennis shoes! I thought I love this woman."

Asha is a good mimicry artist as well. At a concert at World Trade Center in Dubai on April 22, 2004, she mimicked the song ''Kabhi To Nazar Milaao'' in the voices of Noor Jehan, Lata Mangeshkar and Ghulam Ali.

Nowadays, apart from singing and her restaurant, Asha is also working on her autobiography.

Rivalry with Lata Mangeshkar

Asha's sibling rivalry with Lata Mangeshkar is often talked about, in spite of their insistence that these are just tales. As young children, they were very close. As a child, Lata used to carry Asha all the time. They were so inseparable that when Lata went to school she would take Asha with her. One day the teacher protested and said that they cannot have two students on one fee. Lata refused to return to school without Asha and quit her studies.

Lata considered Asha's act of eloping with her lover as irresponsible, leaving her alone to sing and earn for the family. This led to tensions between them. Asha herself accepted in an interview — "It was a love marriage and Lata ''didi'' did not speak to me for a long time. She disapproved of the alliance." At one time, their relationship was very adversarial and there have been periods of non-communication.

In her initial days in the industry, Asha always played second fiddle to her elder sister. Some say that Lata had once criticised Asha's relationship with O. P. Nayyar. This widened the rift between the two sisters and O P Nayyar also decided that he would never work with Lata. O.P. Nayyar had once revealed "Asha and Lata, staying in opposite flats at Bombay's Peddar Road, had a common maidservant. Now this maidservant had merely to come and tell the younger sister that Lata had just recorded something wonderful for Asha to lose her vocal poise. Such was her Lata phobia that it took me some months to convince Asha that she had a voice individualistic enough to evolve a singing style all of her own." Asha once said that she has worked for years to create a voice and a style that was different from Lata, so that she could carve her own niche and not be banished to live in her sister's shadow.

Asha and Lata have also sung together. Their first duet was for the film ''Daman'' (1951). Some of their songs include ''Man Bhawan Ke Ghar aye'' (''Chori Chori'', 1956), ''Sakhi ri sun bole papihaa us paar'' (''Miss Mary'', 1957), ''O chaand jahaan woh jaaye'' (''Sharada'', 1957), ''Mere Mehboob Mein Kya Nahi'' (''Mere Mehboob'', 1963), ''Ai kash kisi deewane ko'' (''Aaye Din Bahar Ke'', 1966), ''Main Chali Main Chali'' (''Padosan'', 1968), ''Chhap tilak sab'' (''Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki'', 1978), and ''Man kyun behka'' (''Utsav'', 1984). While singing, Lata used to hold her notebook in her right hand, while Asha held hers in the left hand. This meant Lata had her face away from Asha, making it difficult for them to "anticipate" each other.

The movie ''Saaz'', was supposedly based on Lata and Asha's rivalry. Asha said about the movie — "To have two women in long plaits, take a couple of incidents and exaggerate them into a 3-hour film is such a waste of time." In the last few years, Asha and Lata have often been seen in public, enjoying each other's company. In an interview with ''The Times of India'', Asha once said - "I remember, sometimes both of us would be at a function and some industry types would ignore me and interact only with her, as if to prove their loyalty. Later, didi and I would have a good laugh!"

Awards

;Filmfare awards Asha Bhosle has won seven Filmfare Best Female Playback Awards of 18 nominations. She won her first two awards in 1967 and 1968. (Mangeshkar asked not to be considered for the award nominations after 1969 to promote new talent). After receiving the award in 1979, Bhosle emulated her elder sister and requested that her name not be considered for the nominations hereafter. Despite this, Bhosle is the most frequent winner of this award to date, tying with Alka Yagnik. She was later given a ''Special Award'' for ''Rangeela'' in 1996, and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001. Following is the list of her Filmfare Awards:

Filmfare Best Female Playback Award:

1968: "Garibon ki Suno" (''Dus Lakh'', 1966)

1969: "Parde Mein Rehne Do" (''Shikar'', 1968)

1972: "Piya Tu Ab To Aaja" (''Caravan'', 1971)

1973: "Dum Maro Dum" (''Hare Rama Hare Krishna'', 1972)

1974: "Hone Lagi Hain Raat" (''Naina'', 1973)

1975: "Chain Se Humko Kabhi" (''Pran Jaye Par Vachan Na Jaye'', 1974)

1979: "Yeh Mera Dil" (''Don'', 1978)

Other Awards:

1996 - Special Award (''Rangeela'', 1995)

2001 - Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award

;National Film Awards Asha has won the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer twice:

1981: ''Dil Cheez Kya Hai'' (''Umrao Jaan'')

1986: ''Mera Kuch Samaan'' (''Ijaazat'')

;Other awards Asha has won numerous other awards, including: 1987: Nightingale Of Asia Award (from the Indo–Pak Association, UK). 1989: Lata Mangeshkar Award (Government of Madhya Pradesh). 1997: Screen Videocon Award (for the album ''Jaanam Samajha Karo''). 1997: MTV Award (for the album ''Jaanam Samajha Karo''). 1997: Channel V Award (for the album ''Jaanam Samjha Karo''). 1998: Dayawati Modi Award.

1999: Lata Mangeshkar Award (Government of Maharashtra)

2000: Singer of the Millennium (Dubai).

2000: Zee Gold Bollywood Award (for ''Mujhe Rang De'' from ''Thakshak'').

2001: MTV Award (for ''Kambakht Ishq'').

2002: BBC Lifetime Achievement Award (presented by the UK Prime Minister Tony Blair).

2002: Zee Cine Award for Best Playback Singer - Female (for ''Radha Kaise Na Jale'' from ''Lagaan'').

2002: Zee Cine Special Award for Hall of Fame.

2002: Screen Videocon Award (for ''Radha Kaise Na Jale'' from ''Lagaan'').

2002: Sansui Movie Award (for ''Radha Kaise Na Jale'' from ''Lagaan'').

2003: Swaralaya Yesudas Award for outstanding contributions to Indian music. 2004: ''Living Legend Award'' by the Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry. 2005: MTV Immies, Best Female Pop Act for ''Aaj Jaane Ki Zid Na Karo''. 2005: Most Stylish People in Music.

;Honours and recognitions

In 1997, Asha became the first Indian singer to be nominated for the Grammy Award, for ''Legacy'', an album with Ustad Ali Akbar Khan.

She has received seventeen Maharashtra State Awards.

She received the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2000 for her outstanding contribution to Indian cinema.

She holds honorary doctorates from the University of Amravati and University of Jalgaon in Literature.

She has received ''The Freddie Mercury Award'' for Outstanding Achievement in Arts.

The Birmingham Film Festival paid her a special tribute in November 2002.

She was honoured with the Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India. She was among top 20 music icons of the past 50 years.

Footnotes and references

Further reading

External links

Asha Bhosle: The Voice Of Bollywood And More - audio report by ''NPR''

Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:Bengali-language singers Category:Bollywood playback singers Category:Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipients Category:English-language singers Category:Female guitarists Category:Gujarati-language singers Category:Hindi-language singers Category:Indian female singers Category:Indian film singers Category:Indian guitarists Category:Kollywood playback singers Category:Marathi-language singers Category:Marathi playback singers Category:Nepali-language singers Category:People from Maharashtra Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan Category:Russian-language singers Category:Tamil-language singers

bn:আশা ভোঁসলে de:Asha Bhosle es:Asha Bhosle fr:Asha Bhosle gu:આશા ભોંસલે hi:आशा भोंसले id:Asha Bhosle it:Asha Bhosle kn:ಆಶಾ ಭೋಂಸ್ಲೆ ml:ആശാ ഭോസ്‌ലേ mr:आशा भोसले ne:आशा भोसले pnb:آشا بھوسلے ru:Бхосле, Аша fi:Asha Bhosle sv:Asha Bhosle ta:ஆஷா போஸ்லே te:ఆశా భోస్లే

Coordinates	39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N
name	Amol Palekar
birth date	April 01, 1944
birth place	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
occupation	Actor, Director
awards	Filmfare Best Actor Award:1980: ''Gol Maal
spouse	Sandhya Gokhale
father	Kamalakar Palekar
mother	Suhasini Palekar
yearsactive	1971–present }}

Amol Palekar (Marathi: ; born 1 April 1944) is an Indian actor of the 1970s and a director of Hindi and Marathi cinema.

Career

Theater career

Palekar began in Marathi experimental theatre with Satyadev Dubey, and later started his own group, ''Aniket'', in 1972. He introduced Theatre of the Absurd to Maharashtra and a street theatre-inspired practice of performing plays in the round.

Movie career

Palekar made his debut in 1971 with the noted Marathi film ''Shantata! Court Chalu Aahe'' directed by Satyadev Dubey, which started the ‘New Cinema’ Movement in Marathi.

In 1974 he was cast as an actor by Basu Chatterjee in ''Rajnigandha'', and a surprise low-budget hit, ''Chhoti Si Baat''. This led to many other such roles in "middle-class" comedies, mostly alternative cinema. These were often directed by Chatterjee or Hrishikesh Mukherjee and include such films as ''Gol Maal'' and ''Naram Garam''. He won the Filmfare Best Actor Award for ''Gol Maal''.

He is noted for his image of the "middle-class everyman" who struggles to get a job ''(Gol-Maal)'', his own flat ''(Gharonda)'', a girlfriend/wife ''(Baaton Baaton Mein)'', and appreciation from his boss.

In 1982 he played the role of Ravi in the Malayalam movie ''Olangal'', which is remade in Hindi as ''Masoom''.

He turned to directing with the Marathi film ''Aakriet''. He showed his capabilities as a director with his movie ''Paheli'' which was India's official entry in the race for Best Foreign Film at the 2006 Oscars. The movie, however, did not make it to the final nominations.

He has also given his voice to an HIV/AIDS education animated software tutorial created by the nonprofit organization TeachAIDS.

Personal life

Palekar has exhibited his sketches, drawings, and paintings in Mumbai. He also does some social work. He has two daughters and is married to Sandhya Gokhale. Palekar regards himself as an agnostic.

Partial filmography

As an Actor

{|class="wikitable" |- !Year !!Film !!Character/Role !!Co-stars !!Notes |- |1974 |''Rajnigandha'' |Sanjay |Vidya Sinha |- |1975 |''Chhoti Si Baat'' |Arun |Vidya Sinha, Asrani, Ashok Kumar |- |1976 |''Chitchor'' |Vinod |Zarina Wahab |- |1976 |''Gharonda'' |Sudip |Zarina Wahab |- |1977 |''Bhumika'' |Keshav Dalvi |Smita Patil, Naseeruddin Shah, Anant Nag |- |1977 |''Taxi Taxie'' |Dev/Hero |Zaheera, Reena Roy, Jalal Agha, Aruna Irani |- |1978 |''Damaad'' | |Ranjeeta |- |1979 |''Baaton Baaton Mein'' |Tony Braganza |Tina Munim, David, Asrani |- |1979 |''Gol Maal'' |Ram Prasad Sharma/Lakshman Prasad Sharma |Bindiya Goswami, Utpal Dutt |- |1979 |''Do Ladke Dono Kadke'' |Hari |Moushumi Chatterji, Navin Nischol |- |1979 |''Meri Biwi Ki Shaadi'' |Bhagwant Kumar Bartendu "Bhagu" |Ranjeeta, Ashok Saraf |- |1980 |''Aanchal'' |Kishan Lal |Rakhee, Rajesh Khanna |- |1980 |''Apne Paraye'' |Chandranath |Shabana Azmi, Girish Karnad, Utpal Dutt |- |1981 |''Naram Garam'' |Ram Eshwar Prasad |Swaroop Sampat, Utpal Dutt, A. K. Hangal |- |1982 |''Olangal'' |Ravi Chattan |Poornima Jayaram, Adoor Bhasi |Malayalam film |- |1983 |''Shriman Shrimati'' |Madhu Gupta |Sanjeev Kumar, Rakhee, Rakesh Roshan |- |1983 |''Rang Birangi'' |Ajay Sharma |Parveen Babi, Farooq Sheikh, Deepti Naval |- |1984 |''Tarang'' |Rahul |Smita Patil, Shreeram Lagoo, Girish Karnad |- |1984 |''Aadmi Aur Aurat'' | |Mahua Roy Choudury, Kalyan Chatterjee |- |1985 |''Khamosh'' |''Himself'' |Naseeruddin Shah, Shabana Azmi |- |1985 |''Jhuthi'' |Inspector Kamal Nath |Rekha, Raj Babbar |- |1986 |''Baat Ban Jaye'' |Yeshwant Rao Bhonsle |Zeenat Aman, Utpal Dutt |- |1994 |''Teesra Kaun?'' |C. K. Kadam |Chunky Pandey, Satish Shah, Rakesh Bedi |- |2001 |''Aks'' |The Defence Minister |Amitabh Bachchan, Raveena Tandon, Manoj Bajpai |- |2001 |''Samaantar'' |Keshav Vaze |Sharmila Tagore, Makrand Deshpande |Marathi film |- |}

As a Director

''Aakreit'' (''Unimaginable'' in Marathi) – 1981

''Anakahi'' (''Unspoken'') – 1985

''Thodasa Rumani Ho Jaye'' – 1990

''Bangarwadi'' – 1995

''Daayraa'' (''The Square Circle'') – 1996

''Anahat'' (''Forever'')

''Kairee'' (''Raw mango'') – 2001

''Dhyaas Parva'' (''Kal Kaa Aadmi'' in Hindi) – 2001 (based on Raghunath Karve's life, won the National Award for Best film on family welfare)

''Paheli'' (''Riddle'') – 2005

''Quest'' (English) – 2006 (won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in English)

''Dumkata'' (2007)

''Samaantar'' (Marathi) – 2009 (with Sharmila Tagore)

''And Once Again'' – 2010

''Dhoosar'' (Marathi) – 2011 (won the Maharashtra State Film Award )

TV Serials

''Kachchi Dhoop'' – 1987

''Naqab'' – 1988

''Paoolkhuna'' – 1993

''Mrignayanee'' – 1991

''Kareena Kareena'' – 2004

''AA Bail Mujhe Maar''

References

External links

National Award List 2001

Category:1944 births Category:Living people Palekar,Amol Palekar,Amol Palekar,Amol Category:Hindi-language film directors Category:Marathi film actors Category:Marathi film directors Category:Filmfare Awards winners Palekar,Amol Palekar,Amol Palekar,Amol Category:People from Mumbai Category:Sir J. J. School of Art alumni

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