birth date	February 10, 1967
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
birthname	Laura Elizabeth Dern
occupation	Actress, director, producer
yearsactive	1973–present
spouse	Ben Harper (2005–2010) }}

Laura Elizabeth Dern (born February 10, 1967) is an American actress, film director and producer. Dern has acted in such films as ''Smooth Talk'' (1985), ''Blue Velvet'' (1986), ''Fat Man and Little Boy'' (1988), ''Wild at Heart'' (1990), ''Jurassic Park'' (1993) and ''October Sky'' (1999). She has won awards for her performance in the 1991 film ''Rambling Rose'', for which she received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in a Leading Role. She was awarded a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film for her portrayal of Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris in the film ''Recount'' (2008).

Early life and career

Dern was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of actors Bruce Dern and Diane Ladd and the great-granddaughter of former Utah governor and Secretary of War George Dern. Scottish-American poet, writer and Librarian of Congress Archibald MacLeish was her great-uncle. Laura Dern's film debut was a cameo in her mother's film ''White Lightning''. She also made a brief appearance in ''Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore'', one of Ladd's signature roles. Her mother objected to her 13-year-old daughter's presence on the set of ''Ladies and Gentlemen, The Fabulous Stains'', but Dern sued for emancipation.

In the mid-1980s she gained critical acclaim for roles in ''Mask'', ''Blue Velvet'' and ''Wild at Heart''. Dern's starring role in ''Blue Velvet'' was a breakthrough though her next notable film, ''Wild at Heart'', took almost four years to be released. Dern's affiliation with Lynch has continued with her role in ''Inland Empire''. In 1992, Dern and her mother became the first mother and daughter to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in the same film in ''Rambling Rose''. They did not play mother and daughter in the film. Dern starred as Dr. Ellie Sattler in Steven Spielberg's 1993 blockbuster ''Jurassic Park''. That same year, Clint Eastwood enlisted the actress for his film ''A Perfect World''. She also starred as Ruth in the 1996 satire ''Citizen Ruth,'' the directorial debut of Alexander Payne. In a reversal of roles, Dern's mother makes a cameo appearance, with Dern's character screaming a torrent of abuse at her. In 1997, Dern was featured in Widespread Panic's music video for their song, "Aunt Avis", which was directed by Dern's then boyfriend and future fiancé, Billy Bob Thornton. In 1998, Dern co-starred in the Jodie Foster's film ''The Baby Dance''. While dating Thornton in 1999, she was cast as his love interest in his film ''Daddy and Them'', which also includes Diane Ladd. Dern also appeared in Joe Johnston's film ''October Sky''.

Robert Altman called upon Dern's talents to play a Champagne-loving Aunt in his Texas-based comedy ''Dr. T & the Women'' in 2000. She co-starred in ''Within These Walls'', Arthur Miller's ''Focus'', and ''Novocaine''. She had a minor role in ''Jurassic Park III'', and was a supporting actor in the film ''I Am Sam''. She starred in the 2002 film ''Damaged Care'' and the 2004 film ''We Don't Live Here Anymore''. Dern was part of the ensemble dramedy ''Happy Endings'' in 2005, and she appeared in the 2006 film ''The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio''. In 2006, David Lynch and Dern reunited for ''Inland Empire'' and, also in 2006, Dern had a supporting role in ''Lonely Hearts''. [Mike White (scriptwriter)|Mike White]], known for writing ''School of Rock'' and ''The Good Girl'', hired Dern for his directorial debut in 2007, the comedy titled ''Year of the Dog'' and starring Molly Shannon, John C. Reilly and Peter Sarsgaard, and in 2008 Dern starred in ''Recount'' for which she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Series, Miniseries or Television Film. Since then, Dern was seen in the independent 2009 drama ''Tenderness'' and, in 2010, she appeared in ''Little Fockers'', playing an advanced school principal who dated Owen Wilson's character Kevin Rawley.

In an interview, Dern stated that she would reprise her role as Ellie Sattler for ''Jurassic Park IV''.

Dern has done much work on television, most notably ''Afterburn'', for which she received a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Mini-Series or Movie. She guest-starred on ''The West Wing'', as a voice on ''King of the Hill'' and as a lesbian who coaxes Ellen DeGeneres out of the closet in the famous "The Puppy Episode" of the television series ''Ellen''. On the April 24, 2007 airing of DeGeneres' talk show, Dern revealed she did not work for more than a year following her appearance in that episode because of resulting backlash, but nevertheless called it an "extraordinary experience and opportunity."

Dern has been acknowledged with several awards from the independent film industry including the Sundance Institute and was the subject of an aggressive media campaign by David Lynch to win her an Academy Award nomination for her work in ''Inland Empire''. On November 1, 2010, she received the 2,420th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Her parents, Diane Ladd and Bruce Dern, were presented with stars too.

In late 2011 Dern will star in a new HBO television series called Enlightened. She has also been cast in Paul Thomas Anderson's ''The Master'' along with Amy Adams and Philip Seymour Hoffman, set for release in 2012.

Politics and personal life

Dern is known as an activist and supporter of many charities, such as Healthy Child Healthy World, which aims to raise awareness about toxic substances that can affect a child's health.

During the 66th Golden Globe Awards, on January 11, 2009, Dern expressed support for the incoming administration of Barack Obama during her acceptance speech for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Series, Miniseries or Television Film for her work on the film ''Recount''. She is quoted as saying, "I will cherish this as a reminder of the extraordinary, incredible outpouring of people who demanded their voice be heard in this last election so we can look forward to amazing change in this country. Thank you so much!"

Dern had high-profile romances with Kyle MacLachlan, Nicolas Cage, Renny Harlin, Jeff Goldblum, and Billy Bob Thornton (who ended their relationship abruptly by marrying Angelina Jolie). She married musician Ben Harper on December 23, 2005, after dating him for five years. They have two children together, a son, Ellery Walker (born August 21, 2001), and daughter, Jaya (born November 28, 2004).

Dern's husband, Ben Harper, filed for divorce on October 8, 2010 in California, citing irreconcilable differences. Harper is asking the judge to deny Dern spousal support and requesting that he have joint custody of their two children.

Filmography

{|class="wikitable" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" |- ! colspan="4" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film |- ! style="background:#ccc;" | Year ! style="background:#ccc;" | Film ! style="background:#ccc;" | Role ! style="background:#ccc;" | Notes |- |1973 || ''White Lightning'' || Sharon Anne || Uncredited |- |1974 || ''Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore'' || Girl eating ice cream cone || Uncredited |- |1980 || ''Foxes'' || Debbie || |- |1981 || ''Ladies and Gentlemen, The Fabulous Stains'' || Jessica McNeil || |- |1984 || ''Teachers'' || Diane || |- |rowspan=2| 1985 || ''Mask'' || Diana Adams || |- | ''Smooth Talk'' || Connie ||rowspan=2|Nominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead |- |1986 || ''Blue Velvet'' || Sandy Williams |- |1987 || ''Predator: The Concert'' || || |- |1988 || ''Haunted Summer'' || Claire Clairmont || |- |1989 || ''Fat Man and Little Boy'' || Kathleen Robinson || |- |1990 || ''Wild at Heart'' || Lula Fortune || |- |1991 || ''Rambling Rose'' || Rose || Montréal World Film Festival Award for Best Actress (tied with Hye-suk Lee)Nominated — Academy Award for Best ActressNominated — Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress |- |rowspan=2| 1993 || ''Jurassic Park'' || Dr. Ellie Sattler || Nominated — Saturn Award for Best Actress |- | ''A Perfect World'' || Sally Gerber || |- |rowspan=2| 1996 || ''Citizen Ruth'' || Ruth Stoops ||Montréal World Film Festival Award for Best Actress |- | ''Bastard Out of Carolina'' || Narrator || Voice Only |- |1999 || ''October Sky'' || Miss Frieda Riley || |- |2000 || ''Dr. T & the Women'' || Peggy || |- |rowspan=5| 2001 || ''Daddy and Them'' || Ruby Montgomery || |- | ''Jurassic Park III'' || Dr. Ellie Sattler || |- | ''Novocaine'' || Jean Noble || |- | ''Focus'' || Gertrude 'Gert' Hart || |- | ''I Am Sam'' || Randy Carpenter || |- |2002 || ''Searching for Debra Winger'' || Herself || |- |2004 || ''We Don't Live Here Anymore'' || Terry Linden ||Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress (tied with Sharon Warren) |- |rowspan=2| 2005 || ''Happy Endings'' || Pam Ferris || |- |''The Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio'' || Dortha Schaefer || |- |rowspan=2| 2006 || ''Lonely Hearts'' || Rene || |- |''Inland Empire'' || Nikki Grace/Susan Blue ||Also ProducerNominated — Chlotrudis Award for Best ActressNominated — Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress |- |2007 || ''Year of the Dog'' || Bret || |- |2009 || ''Tenderness'' || Aunt Teresa || |- |rowspan=2| 2010 || ''Little Fockers'' || Prudence || |- |''Everything Must Go'' || Delilah || |- |2012 || ''The Master'' || |- ! colspan="4" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Television |- ! style="background:#ccc;" | Year ! style="background:#ccc;" | Title ! style="background:#ccc;" | Role ! style="background:#ccc;" | Notes |- |1981 || ''Shannon'' || || "Gotham Swansong" (Season 1, Episode 1) |- |1983 || ''Happy Endings'' || Audrey Constantine || |- |1984 || ''The Three Wishes of Billy Grier'' || Crissy || |- |1989 || ''Nightmare Classics'' || Rebecca || "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" (Season 1, Episode 3) |- |1990 || ''Industrial Symphony No. 1: The Dream of the Broken Hearted'' || Heartbroken Woman || |- |1992 || ''Afterburn'' || Janet Harduvel ||Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television FilmNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie |- |1993 || ''Fallen Angels'' || Annie Ainsley || "Murder, Obliquely" (Season 1, Episode 5) |- |1994 || ''The Gift'' || || (Director) |- |rowspan=2| 1995 || ''Down Came a Blackbird'' || Helen McNulty || (also executive producer) |- |''Frasier'' || June || (Voice) "Sleeping With the Enemy" (Season 3, Episode 6) |- |1996 || ''The Siege at Ruby Ridge'' || Vicki Weaver ||Nominated — Satellite Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film |- |1997 || ''Ellen'' || Susan Richmond ||

The Puppy Episode: Part 1 (Season 4, Episode 22)

The Puppy Episode: Part 2 (Season 4, Episode 23)

Nominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress – Comedy Series |- |rowspan=2| 1998 || ''The Larry Sanders Show'' || Herself || "I Buried Sid" (Season 6, Episode 8) |- |''The Baby Dance'' || Wanda LeFauve ||Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film |- |1999 || ''A Season for Miracles'' || Berry Thompson|| |- |2001 || ''Within These Walls'' || Sister Pauline Quinn || |- |rowspan=2| 2002 || ''The West Wing'' || Laureate Tabatha Fortis || "The U.S. Poet Laureate" (Season 3, Episode 16) |- |''Damaged Care'' || Linda Peeno ||(also producer) |- |2002–2003 || ''King of the Hill'' || Serving Wench & Katherine || (Voice)

Joust Like a Woman (Season 6, Episode 8)

Patch Boomhauer (Season 8, Episode 1)

|- |- |2008 || ''Recount'' || Katherine Harris ||Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television FilmNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a MovieNominated — Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television FilmNominated — Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie |- |2011 || ''Enlightened'' || Amy Jellicoe || |}

References

External links

Category:American film actors Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:People from Los Angeles, California Category:1967 births Category:Living people Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors

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The Brothers Grimm ( or ''''), Jacob Grimm (January 4, 1785 – September 20, 1863) and Wilhelm Grimm (February 24, 1786 – December 16, 1859), were German academics, linguists and cultural researchers who collected folklore and published several collections of it as Grimm's Fairy Tales, which became very popular. Jacob also did academic work in philology, related to how the sounds in words shift over time (Grimm's law); he was also a lawyer whose legal work, ''German Legal Antiquities'' () in 1828, made him a valuable source of testimony about the origin and meaning of much legal historical idiom usage and symbolism. They can be counted along with Karl Lachmann and Georg Friedrich Benecke as founding fathers of Germanic philology and German studies. Late in life they undertook the compilation of the first German dictionary: Wilhelm died in December 1859, having completed the letter D; Jacob survived his brother by nearly four years, completing the letters A, B, C and E, and was working on Frucht (fruit) when he collapsed at his desk.

The first collection of fairy tales ''Children's and Household Tales'' (() was published in 1812 and it contained more than 200 fairy tales. Some collections of the stories had already been written by Charles Perrault in the late 1600s, with somewhat unexpected versions. In the original published forms, the Grimm's fairy tales were dark and violent, in contrast to the lighter, modern "Disney versions" of those tales.

They are among the best-known story tellers of European folk tales, and their work popularized such stories as "Cinderella" (Aschenputtel), "The Frog Prince" (Der Froschkönig), "Hansel and Gretel" (Hänsel und Gretel), "Rapunzel", "Rumpelstiltskin" (Rumpelstilzchen), "Sleeping Beauty" (Dornröschen), and "Snow White" (Schneewittchen).

Life

Origin and early life

Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm (also Karl) and Wilhelm Karl Grimm were born on 4 January 1785 and 24 February 1786 respectively, in the Wolfgang section of Hanau, Germany near Frankfurt in Hessen, the sons of Philipp Wilhelm Grimm, a jurist and bailiff with offices at Schlüchtern and Steinau, originally from Hanau, and Dorothea Grimm, née Zimmer, a former neighbor and the daughter of an apothecary. They were among a family of nine children, six of whom survived infancy. Their early childhood was spent in the countryside. The Grimm family lived near the magistrate's house between 1790 and 1796 while the father was employed by the Prince of Hessen.

When the eldest brother, Jakob, was 11 years old, their father, Philip Wilhelm, died and the family moved into a cramped urban residence. Two years later, the children's grandfather also died, leaving their mother to struggle to support them in reduced circumstances. "They urged fidelity to the spoken text, without embellishments, and though it has been shown that they did not always practice what they preached, the idealized 'orality' of their style was much closer to reality than the literary retellings previously thought necessary." Others argue that "scholars and psychiatrists have thrown a camouflaging net over the stories with their relentless, albeit fascinating, question of 'What does it mean?'" Another possible environmental influence can be discerned in the selection of stories such as ''The Twelve Brothers'', which mirrors the collectors' family structure of one girl and several brothers overcoming opposition.

Kassel and educational career

Both brothers Jakob and Wilhelm were educated at the Friedrichs-Gymnasium in Kassel and later both studied law at the University of Marburg. There they were inspired by their professor Friedrich von Savigny, who awakened an interest in the past. They were in their early twenties when they began the linguistic and philological studies that would culminate in both Grimm's law and their collected editions of fairy and folk tales. Though their collections of tales became immensely popular, they were essentially a by-product of the linguistic research, which was the brothers' primary goal.

In 1808, Jakob Grimm was appointed court librarian to the King of Westphalia. In 1812 the brothers published their first volume of fairy tales, ''Tales of Children and the Home''. They had collected the stories from peasants and villagers; they were also aided by their close friend August von Haxthausen. In their collaboration, Jacob did more of the research, while Wilhelm, less sturdy in stature and intellect, put the work into a literary form that would appeal to children and the masses. They were also interested in folklore and primitive literature. In 1816 Jacob became a librarian in Kassel, where Wilhelm was also employed. Between 1816 and 1818, they published two volumes of German legends and a volume of early literary history.

The German Grammar

In time, the brothers became interested in older languages and their relation to German. Jakob began to specialize in the history and structure of the Germanic languages, devising a theory that became known as Grimm's law, based on immense amounts of data. In 1825, Wilhelm Grimm married Henriette Dorothea (Dortchen) Wild, (Jakob never married and lived most of his life in his brother's home). In 1830, they moved together to Göttingen, where both secured positions at the University of Göttingen. Jakob was named professor and head librarian in 1830, Wilhelm a professor in 1835.

In 1837, the Brothers Grimm joined five of their colleague professors at the University of Göttingen, later known as the Göttingen Seven, in protesting against the abrogation of the liberal constitution of the Kingdom of Hanover by King Ernest Augustus I, the reactionary son of King George III. They were fired from their university posts and three were deported, including Jakob Grimm, who with Wilhelm settled in Kassel, outside Ernest's realm, at the home of their brother Ludwig. However, the next year brought an invitation to Berlin from the King of Prussia.

German Dictionary

Jacob and Wilhelm were ignored in the appointment of a chief librarian place in Kassel. A year later, in 1830 the two brothers moved away from Kassel to Göttingen, where they had also a common household. They spent time in writing a definitive dictionary, the German Dictionary, in German: ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'', the first volume being published in 1854. The work was carried on by future generations. Jacob then got a job as a librarian and professor of German Classical Studies. His brother William was also a librarian in Göttingen and a year later, Associate Professor. In his teaching, Wilhelm was often compromised by disease. Around 1832, the first volume of Jacob Grimm's "German Mythology" (Vol. 2: 1844, Volume 3: 1854) was published. This edition had an inspiring effect on many fairy tales and legends collectors. (retrieved 28-03-2011)

Between then and 1837, Jacob published two more volumes of "German Grammar". The two brothers then dealt with animal fables and in the same year, 1834, Jacob Grimm finalized a work he began in 1811, "Reinhart (Reineke) Fox", which was the first publication of this traditional animal epic, and the first coherent documentation of its vernacular versions. Subsequently, in 1835 he published his work on "German Mythology"; in this work Jacob examined pre-Christian beliefs and superstitions. This work had enormous influence on the research of myths. The third edition of the Children's and Household Tales was written in 1837 by Wilhelm alone. In 1838, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their joint work on the German dictionary. (retrieved 28-03-2011)

Grimms Tales

The Brothers Grimm began collecting folk tales around 1806, in response to a wave of awakened interest in German folklore that followed the publication of Ludwig Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano's folksong collection ''Des Knaben Wunderhorn'' ("The Youth's Magic Horn"), 1805–08. By 1810 the Grimms produced a manuscript collection of several dozen tales, which they had recorded by inviting storytellers to their home and transcribing what they heard. Although they were said to have collected tales from peasants, many of their informants were middle-class or aristocratic, recounting tales they had heard from their servants. Several of the informants were of Huguenot ancestry and told tales that were French in origin.

In 1812, the Brothers published a collection of 86 German fairy tales in a volume titled ''Kinder- und Hausmärchen'' (Children's and Household Tales). They published a second volume of 70 fairy tales in 1814 ("1815" on the title page), which together make up the first edition of the collection, containing 156 stories. They wrote a two-volume work titled ''Deutsche Sagen'', which included 585 German legends; these were published in 1816 and 1818. The legends are organized in the chronological order of historical events to which they were related. The brothers arranged the regional legends thematically for each folktale creature, such as dwarfs, giants, monsters, etc. not in any historical order. These legends were not as popular as the fairytales.

A second edition of the Children's and Household Tales followed in 1819–22, expanded to 170 tales. Five more editions were issued during the Grimms' lifetimes, in which stories were added or subtracted. The seventh edition of 1857 contained 211 tales. Many of the changes were made in light of unfavorable reviews, particularly those that objected that not all the tales were suitable for children, despite the title. The tales were also criticized for being insufficiently ''German''; this not only influenced the tales the brothers included, but their language. They changed "fee" (fairy) to an enchantress or wise woman, every prince to a king's son, every princess to a king's daughter. (It has long been recognized that some of these later-added stories were derived from printed rather than oral sources.) These editions, equipped with scholarly notes, were intended as serious works of folklore. The Brothers also published the Small Edition (German: ''Kleine Ausgabe''), containing a selection of 50 stories expressly designed for children (as opposed to the more formal Large Edition (German: ''Große Ausgabe''). Ten printings of the "small edition" were issued between 1825 and 1858.

The Grimms were not the first to publish collections of folktales. There were others, including a German collection by Johann Karl August Musäus published in 1782–87. The earlier collections, however, made little pretence to strict fidelity to sources. The Brothers Grimm were the first workers in this genre to present their stories as faithful renditions of the kind of direct folkloric materials that underlay the sophistication of an adapter like Perrault. In so doing, the Grimms took a basic and essential step toward modern folklore studies, leading to the work of folklorists like Peter and Iona Opie and others.

The Grimms' method was common in their historical era. Arnim and Brentano edited and adapted the folksongs of ''Des Knaben Wunderhorn''; in the early 19th century Brentano collected folktales in much the same way as the Grimms. The early researchers were working before academic practices for such collections had been codified.

Linguistics

In the very early 19th century, the time in which the Brothers Grimm lived, the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation had recently dissolved, and the modern nation of Germany did not exist. In its place was a confederacy of 39 small- to medium-size German states, many of which had been newly created by Napoleon as client states. The major unifying factor for the German people of the time was a common language. Part of what motivated the Brothers in their writings and in their lives was the desire to help create a German identity.

Less well known to the general public outside of Germany is the Brothers' work on a German dictionary, the ''Deutsches Wörterbuch''. It was extensive, having 33 volumes and weighing 84 kg (185 lbs). It is still considered the standard reference for German etymology. Work began in 1838, but by the end of their lifetime, only sections from the letter 'A' to part of the letter 'F' were completed. The work was not considered complete until 1960.

Jacob is recognized for enunciating Grimm's law, the Germanic Sound Shift, that was first observed by the Danish philologist Rasmus Christian Rask. Grimm's law was the first non-trivial systematic sound change to be discovered.

Books, film and television

From the 1930s to the present, there were many Grimms' fairy tales, best known stories have been adapted as animated feature films by Walt Disney Animation Studios and for many other media. Hansel and Gretel is no exception having had numerous opera, movies, and television adaptations such as Snow White (1937), ''Cinderella'' (1950)in which the evil sisters had their eyes pecked out, ''Sleeping Beauty'' (1959), ''The Princess and the Frog'' (2009), an adaptation of "The Frog Prince", furthermore also ''Tangled'' (2010), an adaptation of "Rapunzel", a live action adaptation of "Snow White", tentatively titled ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'', is in development at the Disney Studios, with Francis Lawrence, the director of ''I Am Legend'', at the helm. Henry Levin and George Pal had in the 1962's the United States movie ''The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm'' released, with a cast including Barbara Eden, Russ Tamblyn, Yvette Mimieux and other high-profile stars of the time. Directed by Henry Levin, the movie intertwined a fictionalised version of the Grimm brothers' lives as young men with fantasy productions of some of their fairy tales (directed by George Pal). It went on to win the 1963 Oscar for costume design and was nominated in several other categories, there were one of the highest grossing films.

A made-for-TV musical called ''Once Upon a Brothers Grimm'' was released in 1977, aired in the United States. It starred Dean Jones as Jakob and Paul Sand as Wilhelm. The basic plot presented the brothers traveling and getting lost in a forest, and encountering various characters from the tales that made them famous. In the late 1980s and early 1990s Nickelodeon aired a cartoon series called "Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics" as a part of its daytime Nick Jr. block. It was originally broadcast in Japan as "Gurimu Meisaku Gekijou". In 1998, in the movie ''Ever After'', the Grimm Brothers visit an elderly woman, the Grande Dame of France, who questions their version of the Cinderella story. The Brothers Grimm reply that there was no way for them to verify the authenticity of their story as there were so many different versions. She proceeds to tell the story of "Danielle De Barbarac".

The Grimme Prize-nominated German TV crime thriller, titled ''A Murderous Fairytale'' (Ein mörderisches Märchen) was produced in 2001, used elements of Brothers Grimm fairytales. In the film directed by Manuel Siebenmann, which was written by Daniel Martin Eckhart, the elderly killer challenges the detectives with a series of Brothers Grimm fairytale riddles. Comic book writer Bill Willingham created in 2002 the comic book ''Fables'', which includes characters from ''fables'' as the main characters. Many of these characters are among those collected by the Grimm brothers. The author Michael Buckley began a popular young reader's series (geared for age 7–12) titled ''The Sisters Grimm'' in 2005, in which the two characters, sisters, are the direct descendants of the Brothers Grimm. They discover the family secret in which the fairy tales told in their ancestor's stories are not fictional, but instead are documentations of fairy-tale encounters. The brothers brought all of the characters to New York to escape prosecution. The sisters solve mysteries inside the town the characters are trapped in. Also in 2005 ''The Brothers Grimm'', a film directed by Terry Gilliam based roughly on the Grimm brothers and their tales, starring Heath Ledger as Jacob Grimm and Matt Damon as Wilhelm Grimm in the title roles, resembles the contents of the sagas from the brothers' collections, much more than the academic nature of their lives. In this version, the Brothers Grimm aren't innocent fairy tale collectors.

Zenescope Entertainment began in 2005 releasing a monthly on-going comic series titled ''Grimm's Fairy Tales'', an horror comic book that presents classic fairy tales, albeit with modern twists or expanded plots. John Conolly, an Irish writer, publishes in 2005 a book named The Book of Lost Things, it is his first non-mystery novel. This book includes many darker adaptions of the Grimm's tales; including Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White, Sleeping Beauty and Rumpelstiltskin. The crime novel ''Brother Grimm'', by Craig Russell, was published in 2006. A serial killer stalks Hamburg and uses themes of Brothers Grimm fairytales, to pose his victims and to write riddles about the next one. Chief Detective Jan Fabel has to hunt down the Fairytale Killer, as the press soon calls him. In 2010, the novel was adapted for German television, directed by Urs Egger and written by Daniel Martin Eckhart under the title ''Wolfsfährte'' (engl.: wolfs spoor), the German title of Craig Russell's novel. Actor Peter Lohmeyer took on the role of Chief Detective Jan Fabel.

The book ''The Grimm Legacy'' was published in 2010 by Polly Shulman, about a girl who starts working at a mysterious museum which holds items from Grimm fairy tales. Lethe Press published A Twist of Grimm by William Holden in 2010, a collection of Grimm's Fairy Tales re-imagined as gay erotica. NBC Universal greenlit pilot entitled in 2010 "Grimm" starring Bitsie Tulloch, Kate Burton, Russell Hornsby and Silas Weir Mitchell. Created by David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and to be directed by Marc Buckland, Grimm is described as a dark but fantastical cop drama about a world in which characters inspired by Grimm’s Fairy Tales exist.

Mark Miller's Empyrical Tales series is strongly influenced by these works. The Fourth Queen (Comfort Publishing, 2009) and The Lost Queen (Comfort Publishing, 2011) adapt several of the characters and stories into the fantasy world of Empyrean. The stories serve both as an homage and as a new fairytale. As the Empyrical Tales continues, later books will include references to other folklore and mythology from around the world.

Notes

a. The New German Biography records their names as "Grimm, Jacob Ludwig Carl" and "Grimm, Wilhelm Carl". The German Biographical Archive records Wilhelm's name as "Grimm, Wilhelm Karl". The General German Biography gives the names as "Grimm: Jacob (Ludwig Karl)" and "Grimm: Wilhelm (Karl)". The National Union Catalog Pre-1956 Imprints also gives Wilhelm's name as "Grimm, Wilhelm Karl".

References

Further reading

External links

The Museum of the Brothers Grimm in Kassel, Germany

Brothers Grimm's Stories

Grimm Brothers' Home Page

Grimmstories.com/ The fairy-tales of the brothers Grimm

Grimm's fairy tales Stories for children, folktales, fairy tales and fables from around the world

Brothers Grimm, ''Household Tales'', translated by Margaret Hunt

. Translated by Margaret Hunt.

Brothers Grimm – Fairy Tales Audiobooks

Recording of 63 Fairy Tales by the Brothers Grimm at LibriVox.org

Category:19th-century German people Category:Collectors of fairy tales Category:German children's writers Category:German folklorists Category:Marburg Category:Sibling duos

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name	Shelley Duvall
birth name	Shelley Alexis Duvall
birth date	July 07, 1949
birth place	Houston, Texas, U.S.
occupation	Actress
years active	1970–present (on hiatus as of 2002)
spouse	Bernard Sampson (1970-1977) }}

Shelley Alexis Duvall (born July 7, 1949) is an American film and television actress best known for her roles in ''The Shining'', ''Popeye'', ''Thieves Like Us'' and ''3 Women''.

She began her career in the 1970s films of Robert Altman, followed by roles in movies by Woody Allen, Stanley Kubrick, Terry Gilliam and Tim Burton. She is also an Emmy-nominated producer, responsible for ''Faerie Tale Theatre'' and other kid-friendly programming.

Background and education

Duvall was born in Houston, Texas on July 7, 1949, the daughter of real estate broker Bobbie Ruth Crawford (née Massengale) and defense attorney Robert Richardson Duvall. She has three brothers, Scott, Shane and Stewart. She was a student of Sinclair Elementary School (HISD). A graduate of Houston's Waltrip High School, she was working as a cosmetics salesperson at Foley's in Houston when she was discovered at a party by production scouts for Altman's ''Brewster McCloud'' (1970). She is not related to actor Robert Duvall.

Early career

Duvall's debut was portraying the free-spirited, disabled, love interest to Bud Cort's reclusive Brewster in ''Brewster McCloud''. Altman was so impressed with Duvall that he cast her in his next films, including ''McCabe & Mrs. Miller'' (1971), ''Thieves Like Us'' (1974) and ''Nashville'' (1975). In 1977, Duvall was awarded a Best Actress Award by the Cannes Film Festival and the Los Angeles Film Critics Association for her portrayal of the delusional Millie Lammoreaux in Altman's ''3 Women''. That same year, she appeared in ''Annie Hall'' as Woody Allen's one-night stand, and she hosted an episode of ''Saturday Night Live''.

Duvall's next role was Wendy Torrance opposite Jack Nicholson in Stanley Kubrick's ''The Shining'' (1980). Nicholson states in the documentary ''Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures'' that Kubrick was great to work with but that he was "a different director" with Duvall. Due to Kubrick's highly methodical nature, principal photography took a year to complete. Perhaps the most notorious example of this was Kubrick's insistence that she and Nicholson perform 127 takes of the baseball bat scene, which broke a world record for the most retakes of a single movie scene with spoken dialogue. Kubrick and Duvall had frequent arguments although Duvall later said she learned more from working with Kubrick on ''The Shining'' than she did on all her previous films.

In January 1979, Altman offered her the role he believed she was born to play: Olive Oyl in the big-screen adaptation of ''Popeye''. Duvall was initially reluctant to accept the role due to negative memories of being called "Olive Oyl" as a child but went on to accept it in stride. Her version of "He Needs Me" from ''Popeye'' was featured in ''Punch-Drunk Love''.

Following the success of ''The Shining'' and ''Popeye'', Duvall had supporting roles in Terry Gilliam's ''Time Bandits'' (1981), Tim Burton's ''Frankenweenie'' (1984) and the Steve Martin comedy ''Roxanne'' (1987).

Duvall as producer

During the making of ''Popeye'', Duvall showed Robin Williams some of the antique illustrated fairy tale books that she had been collecting since she was 17. One of these was an old copy of ''The Frog Prince''. Envisioning Williams as the perfect "Frog Prince", she formed her own production company, Platypus Productions, and approached Showtime with an idea for a cable television series based on classic fairy tales. Showtime embraced the project and began airing episodes of ''Faerie Tale Theatre'' in 1982. The one-hour anthology series featured live-action adaptations of well-known fairy tales and starred many of Duvall's celebrity friends. Duvall played characters in four episodes and hosted all 26 until the end of the series' run in 1987. In 1985, she created ''Tall Tales & Legends'', another one-hour anthology series for Showtime, this one featuring adaptations of American folk tales. As with ''Faerie Tale Theatre'', the series starred well-known Hollywood actors, with Duvall serving as host, executive producer, and occasional guest star. The series ran for only nine episodes but brought an Emmy nomination for Duvall.

After ''Tall Tales and Legends'' ended in 1988, Duvall founded a new production company called Think Entertainment to develop programs and made-for-TV movies for cable channels. Under the banner of Think Entertainment and Platypus Productions, she created ''Nightmare Classics'', a third Showtime anthology series. It featured adaptations of well-known horror stories by such authors as Edgar Allan Poe. Unlike the previous two series, ''Nightmare Classics'' was aimed at a teenage and adult audience. It was the least successful series that Duvall produced for Showtime, running for only four episodes. In 1992, Think Entertainment joined forces with the newly-formed Universal Family Entertainment to create Duvall's fourth Showtime original series, ''Shelley Duvall's Bedtime Stories'', which featured animated adaptations of children's storybooks with celebrity narrators. It earned her a second Emmy nomination.

Duvall produced a fifth series for Showtime, ''Mrs. Piggle Wiggle'', before selling Think Entertainment in 1993 and retiring as a producer.

Later career

Duvall continued to make film and television appearances throughout the 1990s. In 1998, she played Drew Barrymore's mother in the comedy ''Home Fries'' and Hilary Duff's aunt in the direct-to-video children's film ''Casper Meets Wendy''. She returned to the horror genre with ''Tale of the Mummy'' (1998), ''The 4th Floor'' (1999) and the horror-comedy ''Boltneck'' (2000).

In 2000, she played Haylie Duff's aunt in the independent family film ''Dreams in the Attic'', which was shopped to the Disney Channel but never released. Her last acting appearance was a small role in the 2002 independent film ''Manna from Heaven''.

After her Los Angeles home was damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Duvall left California and since then has lived primarily in Blanco, Texas. In 2007, she made a standing-room-only appearance at a library in Texas. She has been described as "reclusive."

In a November 5, 2010 interview with Mondo Film & Video Guide, Duvall talked about her current life, revealing that future film roles are a possibility:

Filmography

Actor
! Year	! Film	! Role	! Other notes
		Detective Dubrinski
rowspan="2"	''Dreams in the Attic''	Nellie	(unreleased)
''Boltneck''	Mrs. Stein	(aka ''Big Monster on Campus'')
	''The 4th Floor''	Martha Stewart
rowspan="3"	''Home Fries''	Mrs. Jackson
''Casper Meets Wendy''	Gabby
''Tale of the Mummy''	Edith Butros
rowspan="5"	''Alone''	Estelle	Television film
''RocketMan''	Mrs. Randall	(uncredited)
''Twilight of the Ice Nymphs''	Amelia Glahn
''Changing Habits''	Sister Agatha
''My Teacher Ate My Homework''	Mrs. Fink
		Countess Gemini
		Nurse
	''Sesame Street Stays Up Late!''	Herself
	''Shelley Duvall's Bedtime Stories''	Herself
	''Suburban Commando''	Jenny Wilcox
	''Frogs!''	Annie	Television film
	''Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme''	Little Bo Peep	Television film
rowspan="2"		Dixie
''Frog''	Mrs. Anderson	Television film
rowspan="2"		Susan Frankenstein
''Booker''	Laura	Television film
	''Time Bandits''	Dame Pansy / Pansy
rowspan="2"		Olive Oyl
	Wendy Torrance		''[[Annie Hall">Golden Raspberry Award
rowspan="2"	''[[Annie Hall''	Pam
	Millie Lammoreaux
rowspan="2"	''Bernice Bobs Her Hair''	Bernice	Television film
''Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson''	The First Lady (Mrs. Grover Cleveland)
		L. A. Joan
		Keechie
	''McCabe & Mrs. Miller''	Ida Coyle
	''Brewster McCloud''	Suzanne Davis

References

External links

Category:1949 births Category:Actors from Houston, Texas Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American television producers Category:Living people

ar:شيلي دوفال cy:Shelley Duvall da:Shelley Duvall de:Shelley Duvall es:Shelley Duvall fa:شلی دووال fr:Shelley Duvall is:Shelley Duvall it:Shelley Duvall nl:Shelley Duvall ja:シェリー・デュヴァル no:Shelley Duvall pl:Shelley Duvall pt:Shelley Duvall fi:Shelley Duvall sv:Shelley Duvall