The word ''litre'' is derived from an older French unit, the ''litron'', whose name came from Greek via Latin. The original French metric system used the litre as a base unit, and it has been used in several subsequent versions of the metric system and is accepted for use with the SI, although not an official SI unit — the SI unit of volume is the cubic metre (m3). The spelling of the word used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures is "litre" and this is also the usual one in most English-speaking countries, but in American English the spelling is "liter", being endorsed by the United States.
One litre of liquid water has a mass of almost exactly one kilogram, due to the gram being defined in 1795 as one cubic centimetre of water.
From 1901 to 1964, the litre was defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water at 4 °C and 760 millimetres of mercury pressure. During this time, a litre was about 1.000028 dm3. In 1964 this definition was abandoned in favour of the current one.
One litre of water has a mass of almost exactly one kilogram when measured at its maximal density, which occurs at about 4 °C. Similarly: 1 millilitre of water has a mass of about 1 g; 1,000 litres of water has about 1000 kg of mass. This relationship holds because the gram was originally defined as the mass of 1 mL of water; however, this definition was abandoned in 1799 because the density of water changes with temperature and, very slightly, with pressure.
We now know that density also depends on the isotopic ratios of the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a particular water sample. Modern measurements of Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, which is pure distilled water with an isotopic composition representative of the average of the world’s oceans, show it has a density of ± kg/L}} at its point of maximum density (3.984 °C) under one standard atmosphere (760 torr) of pressure.
== SI prefixes applied to the litre == The litre, though not an official SI unit, may be used with SI prefixes. The most commonly used derived unit is the millilitre, defined as one-thousandth of a litre, and also often referred to by the SI derived unit name "cubic centimetre". It is a commonly used measure, especially in medicine and cooking. Other units may be found in the table below, where the more often used terms are in bold. However, some authorities advise against some of them; for example, in the United States, NIST advocates using the millilitre or litre instead of the centilitre.
Multiple !! Name !!colspan="2" | Equivalent volume | rowspan="12" | ! Submultiple !! Name !!colspan="2" | ||||||||
100 L | litre | l (ℓ)| | L | dm3 | cubic decimetre | colspan="4" | |||||
101 L | decalitre| | dal | daL | 101 dm3 | ten cubic decimetres | 10−1 L | decilitre| | dl | dL | 102 cm3 | hundred cubic centimetres |
102 L | hectolitre| | hl | hL | 102 dm3 | hundred cubic decimetres | 10−2 L | centilitre| | cl | cL | 101 cm3 | ten cubic centimetres |
103 L | kilolitre| | kl | kL | m3 | cubic metre | 10−3 L | millilitre| | ml | mL | cm3 | cubic centimetre |
106 L | megalitre| | Ml | ML | dam3 | cubic decametre | 10−6 L | microlitre| | µl | µL | mm3 | cubic millimetre |
109 L | gigalitre| | Gl | GL | hm3 | cubic hectometre | 10−9 L | nanolitre| | nl | nL | 106 µm3 | million cubic micrometres |
1012 L | teralitre| | Tl | TL | km3 | cubic kilometre | 10−12 L | picolitre| | pl | pL | 103 µm3 | thousand cubic micrometres |
1015 L | petalitre| | Pl | PL | 103 km3 | thousand cubic kilometres | 10−15 L | femtolitre| | fl | fL | µm3 | cubic micrometre |
1018 L | exalitre| | El | EL | 106 km3 | million cubic kilometres | 10−18 L | attolitre| | al | aL | 106 nm3 | million cubic nanometres |
1021 L | zettalitre| | Zl | ZL | Mm3 | cubic megametre | 10−21 L | zeptolitre| | zl | zL | 103 nm3 | thousand cubic nanometres |
1024 L | yottalitre| | Yl | YL | 103 Mm3 | thousand cubic megametres | 10−24 L | yoctolitre| | yl | yL | nm3 | cubic nanometre |
align=left | MetricUnit | Approximate Value | ! Non-Metric Unit | ! System | ! Non-Metric Unit | ! Metric Equivalency |
1 L | ≈ 0.87987699 | quart| | Imperial | 1 quart | ≡ 1.1365225 L | |
1 L | ≈ 1.056688| | fluid quarts | U.S. | 1 fluid quart | ≡ 0.946352946 L | |
1 L | ≈ 1.75975326| | pints | Imperial | 1 pint | ≡ 0.56826125 L | |
1 L | ≈ 2.11337641| | fluid pints | U.S. | 1 fluid pint | ≡ 0.473176473 L | |
1 L | ≈ 0.2641720523| | liquid gallon | U.S. | 1 liquid gallon | ≡ 3.785411784 L | |
1 L | ≈ 0.21997| | gallon | Imperial | 1 gallon | ≡ 4.54609 L | |
1 L | ≈ 0.0353146667| | cubic foot | 1 cubic foot | ≡ 28.316846592 L | ||
1 L | ≈ 61.0237441| | cubic inches | 1 cubic inch | ≡ 0.016387064 L | ||
1 L | ≈ 33.8140| | customary fluid ounces | U.S. | 1 customary fluid ounce | ≡ 29.5735295625 mL | |
1 L | ≈ 35.1950| | fluid ounces | Imperial | 1 fluid ounce | ≡ 28.4130625 mL | |
+align=bottom style="font-size:87%" |
A litre is the volume of a cube with sides of 10 cm, which is slightly less than a cube of sides 4 inches (or one-third of a foot). One cubic foot would contain exactly 27 such cubes (four inches on each side), making one cubic foot approximately equal to 27 litres. One cubic foot has an exact volume of 28.316846592 litres, which is within 5% of the 27-litre approximation.
A litre of water has a mass almost exactly equal to one kilogram of water. An early definition of the kilogram was set as the mass of one litre of water. Because volume changes with temperature and pressure, and pressure uses units of mass, the definition of a kilogram was changed. At standard pressure, one litre of water has a mass of 0.999975 kg at , and 0.997 kg at .
== Symbol == Originally, the only symbol for the litre was l (lowercase letter L), following the SI convention that only those unit symbols that abbreviate the name of a person start with a capital letter.
In many English-speaking countries, the most common shape of a handwritten Arabic digit 1 is just a vertical stroke; that is, it lacks the upstroke added in many other cultures. Therefore, the digit 1 may easily be confused with the letter l. Further, on some typewriters, particularly older ones, the unshifted L key had to be used to type the numeral 1. Even in some computer typefaces, the two characters are barely distinguishable. This caused some concern, especially in the medical community. As a result, L (uppercase letter L) was adopted as an alternative symbol for litre in 1979. The United States National Institute of Standards and Technology now recommends the use of the uppercase letter L, a practice that is also widely followed in Canada and Australia. In these countries, the symbol L is also used with prefixes, as in mL and µL, instead of the traditional ml and µl used in Europe. In the UK and Ireland as well as the rest of Europe, lowercase ''l'' is used with prefixes, though whole litres are often written in full (so, "750 ml" on a wine bottle, but often "1 litre" on a juice carton).
Some style manuals, including the ''Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association'', require a combination of the two styles of abbreviation. APA style mandates that the symbol L be used when indicating whole litres. When indicating a fraction of a litre, APA requires the use of the lowercase l.
Prior to 1979, the symbol (script small l, U+2113), came into common use in some countries; for example, it was recommended by South African Bureau of Standards publication M33 and Canada in the 1970s. This symbol can still be encountered occasionally in some English-speaking countries, and its use is ubiquitous in Japan and South Korea. Fonts covering the CJK characters usually include not only the script small l but also four precomposed characters: ㎕, ㎖, ㎗, and ㎘ (U+3395 to U+3398) for the microlitre, millilitre, decilitre, and kilolitre. Nevertheless, it is no longer used in most countries and was never officially recognised by the BIPM or the International Organization for Standardization, and is a character often not available in currently used documentation systems.
In 1879, the CIPM adopted the definition of the litre, with the symbol l (lowercase letter L).
In 1901, at the 3rd CGPM conference, the litre was redefined as the space occupied by 1 kg of pure water at the temperature of its maximum density (3.98 °C) under a pressure of 1 atm. This made the litre equal to about 1.000 028 dm3 (earlier reference works usually put it at 1.000 027 dm3).
In 1964, at the 12th CGPM conference, the original definition was reverted to, and thus the litre was once again defined in exact relation to the metre, as another name for the cubic decimetre, that is, exactly 1 dm3.
In 1979, at the 16th CGPM conference, the alternative symbol L (uppercase letter L) was adopted. It also expressed a preference that in the future only one of these two symbols should be retained, but in 1990 said it was still too early to do so.
The abbreviation cc (for cubic centimetre, equal to a millilitre or mL) is a unit of the cgs system, that preceded the MKS system, that later evolved into the SI system. The abbreviation cc is still commonly used in many fields including medical dosage and sizing for small combustion engine displacement, such as those used in motorcycles.
In European countries where the metric system was established well before the adoption of the SI standard, there is still carry-over of usage from the precursor cgs and MKS systems. In the SI system, use of prefixes for powers of 1,000 is preferred and all other multiples discouraged. However, in countries where these other multiples were already established, their use remains common. In particular, use of the centi (10−2), deci (10−1), deca (10+1), and hecto (10+2) prefixes are still common. For example, in many European countries, the hectolitre is the typical unit for production and export volumes of beverages (milk, beer, soft drinks, wine, etc.) and for measuring the size of the catch and quotas for fishing boats; decilitres are common in Switzerland and Scandinavia and sometimes found in cookbooks; centilitres indicate the capacity of drinking glasses and of small bottles. In colloquial Dutch in Belgium, a 'vijfentwintiger' and a 'drieëndertiger' (literally 'twenty-fiver' and 'thirty-threer') are the common beer glasses, the corresponding bottles mention 25 cL or 33 cL. Bottles may also be 75 cL or half size at 37.5 cL for 'artisanal' brews or 70 cL for wines or spirits. Cans come in 25 cL, 33 cL and 50 cL aka 0.5 L. Family size bottles as for soft drinks or drinking water use the litre (0.5 L, 1 L, 1.5 L, 2 L) as well as beer barrels (50 L or the half-sized 25 L). This unit is most common for all other household size containers of liquids from thermocans to buckets to bath tubs; as well as for fuel tanks and consumption for heating or by vehicles.
In countries where the metric system was adopted as the official measuring system after the SI standard was established, common usage more closely follow contemporary SI conventions. For example, in Canada, where the metric system is now in widespread use, consumer beverages are labelled almost exclusively using litres and millilitres. Hectolitres sometimes appear in industry, but centilitres and decilitres are rarely, if ever, used. Larger volumes are usually given in cubic metres (equivalent to 1 kL), or thousands or millions of cubic metres. The situation is similar in Australia, although kilolitres, megalitres, and gigalitres are commonly used for measuring water consumption, reservoir capacities and river flows.
For larger volumes of fluids, such as annual consumption of tap water, lorry (truck) tanks, or swimming pools, the cubic metre is the general unit. It is also generally for all volumes of a non-liquid nature.
Fluid flow rates may be measured in litres per unit time interval (second, minute, hour, etc.).
Category:Units of volume Category:Non-SI metric units
af:Liter als:Liter ar:لتر an:Litro ast:Llitru az:Litr bn:লিটার zh-min-nan:Li̍p ba:Литр be:Літр be-x-old:Літар bo:སྤྱི་ཧྲན། bs:Litar br:Litr bg:Литър ca:Litre cv:Литр cs:Litr cy:Litr da:Liter de:Liter et:Liiter el:Λίτρο es:Litro eo:Litro eu:Litro fa:لیتر fr:Litre fy:Liter fur:Litri gl:Litro gan:公升 ko:리터 hi:लीटर hr:Litra io:Litro id:Liter ia:Litro is:Lítri it:Litro he:ליטר kn:ಲೀಟರ್ krc:Литр ka:ლიტრი kk:Литр sw:Lita ku:Litir la:Litrum lv:Litrs lb:Liter lt:Litras li:Liter hu:Liter mk:Литар ml:ലിറ്റർ mr:लीटर arz:ليتر ms:Liter mn:Литр nl:Liter new:लिटर ja:リットル no:Liter nn:Liter oc:Litre pnb:لٹر pl:Litr pt:Litro ro:Litru ru:Литр sco:Litre sq:Litri scn:Litru simple:Litre sk:Liter sl:Liter sr:Литар sh:Litar su:Léter fi:Litra sv:Liter tl:Litro ta:லிட்டர் roa-tara:Litre tt:Литр te:లీటరు th:ลิตร tr:Litre uk:Літр vi:Lít war:Litro zh-yue:公升 bat-smg:Lėtros zh:公升This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 54°17′″N23°1′″N |
---|---|
name | Ryo Nishikido |
background | solo_singer |
birth name | Ryo Nishikido |
alias | Ryo-chan, Dokkun (Yokoyama) |
birth date | November 03, 1984 |
origin | Osaka, Japan |
instrument | Vocal, guitar, harmonica |
genre | Pop |
occupation | Singer, actor, singer-songwriter, composer, dancer |
years active | 1997–present |
label | Johnny's Entertainment, Teichiku Records, Imperial Records |
associated acts | NEWS, Kanjani Eight, B.I.G.WEST |
spouse | }} |
is a Japanese actor and singer. He is a member of two Johnny & Associates boy bands: NEWS and Kanjani Eight
In March 2009, at around 3:45pm on Sunday, Nishikido was driving on Shuto Expressway 3 around Roppongi. The route ahead of him was congested with traffic, and he rear-ended a car at the tail end of the traffic. Due to this collision, the car also collided with another vehicle in front of it. Nishikido was not injured, but the passenger of the middle car, a woman in her sixties, suffered a neck injury. All three cars also received damage to their bumpers. According to police, Nishikido was at fault for not watching where he was going. His agency said that he had been careless in taking his eyes off the road, and he was unable to brake in time.
Nishikido appeared in a movie for the first time, playing the lead role in ''Chonmage Pudding'', released in summer 2010. In the movie, he plays the hero, Kijima Yasubei.
Commencing Date | Network | Drama | Role |
align="center" | |||
align="center" | |||
align="center" | |||
align="center" | |||
align="center" | |||
Category:1984 births Category:Japanese actors Category:Japanese male singers Category:Japanese idols Category:Living people Category:Kanjani Eight members Category:NEWS members
es:Ryō Nishikido fr:Ryō Nishikido ko:니시키도 료 ms:Ryo Nishikido ja:錦戸亮 pl:Ryō Nishikido ru:Нисикидо, Рё sv:Ryo Nishikido tl:Ryo Nishikido th:เรียว นิชิกิโด zh:錦戶亮This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 54°17′″N23°1′″N |
---|---|
name | Erika Sawajiri沢尻 エリカ |
birth date | April 08, 1986 |
birth place | Nerima, Tokyo, Japan |
othername | Kaoru AmaneErikaKacchan, Aachan |
years active | 1999–present |
spouse | Tsuyoshi Takashiro (2009–2010) |
notable role | Aya Ikeuchi in ''1 Litre of Tears''Hotarubi in ''Shinobi: Heart Under Blade'' }} |
is a Japan-based actress, model, and musician. Her alias in her music career was Kaoru Amane, but she has recently started her own project under the name Erika. She was affiliated with Sony Music Entertainment Japan for her record label (formerly as Kaoru Amane and later Erika), and Stardust Promotion for her talent agency (with her real name, Erika Sawajiri) before her contract was terminated in late 2009. On September 10, 2010, it was announced that she signed with Avex label for talent management and music releases. She became popular after playing a girl who suffered from an intractable disease called spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) in the nonfiction drama ''1 Litre of Tears''.
In 1999, Sawajiri passed the Stardust audition after graduating from elementary school. She became part of the idol unit ''Angel Eyes'' and began modeling for junior fashion magazines such as ''CUTiE'' and ''Nicola''. She later won the grand prize for the 2001 Seikore and became a regular on the BS news program Harajuku Launchers. In 2002, Sawajiri started her career in film as well as extending her modeling career as a gravure idol. Her first film was ''Mondai no nai Watashitachi''.
She became one of Fuji TV's Visual Queens in 2002. On the NTV variety show ''The Yoru mo Hit Parade'', she became a regular from April till late June, shortly after leaving the program for the CX news program ''Chou VIP Fortune no Tobira'' from mid-June till late August. In November, she was on the CBC variety show ''Bijou Dokyuu'' and TBS show ''B-1''. She got her big break when she was cast in the TBS TV drama ''Hotman''. Her most notable role was in ''1 Litre of Tears'' in 2005 when she portrayed a girl with the degenerative disease spinocerebellar degeneration.
Sawajiri first started her music career under the name "Kaoru Amane", the name of her character in her last drama, the TV adaptation of ''A Song to the Sun'' (''Taiyou no Uta''). The single went into number 1 in its second and fourth week. On July 16, 2007, Erika released her 'debut' single under only 'Erika,' "Free". The single was immediately ranked on its first day as number one on the Oricon Charts. Oricon stated that she is the only artist in 39 years to get their first two single hit number one since Hiroko Yakushimaru in 1983.
She decided to enter the entertainment world because she wanted to meet singer Namie Amuro whom she idolizes.
On January 20, 2009, Sawajiri married media creator Tsuyoshi Takashiro at Meiji Shrine in Yoyogi. The pair registered their marriage on January 7, which fell on the most auspicious of the days according to the six-day ''rokuyo'' calendar, and they held a small reception for close friends and family in Hawaii later that month.
Sawajiri and her mother both stated on separate occasions that she would return to Japan and make a comeback as soon as late summer 2009.
Sawajiri was originally scheduled to star in the live action film version of ''Space Battleship Yamato'' but was replaced by Meisa Kuroki.
In May 2010 it was announced that Sawajiri would be getting a divorce.
She had planned to attend the 12th Pusan International Film Festival on October 6, 2007, but she cancelled. It was later discovered that she had been seen in a club with Tsuyoshi Takashiro, a man 21 years her senior. Sawajiri returned to Japan on March 29, 2008 after nearly three months in London with Takashiro. While in London, Sawajiri attended a language school. Her familiarity with English became evident at the airport when several cosmetics items fell out of her bag, and she exclaimed, "Oh shit!" She continued to mostly use English while at the airport, and she reportedly has become fluent enough to handle ordinary conversation.
During her two-year break from show business, she spent a year in London and a month in Australia studying English. She also spent half a year in Spain studying graphic design.
In September 2009, the Japanese media started releasing reports that her management company, Stardust Promotions, would void her contract for undisclosed reasons. Her personal website became devoid of all content save one cryptic line: "See you at the next stage." Sawajiri's mother denied that termination of her contract was the result of substance abuse by Erika.
On September 1, 2010, in an interview on CNNGo.com, she said that her apology after the 2007 movie premiere incident was a mistake. She didn't want to apologize but her management at that time forced her to apologize; "I told them 'this is my way'... but in the end I surrendered. That was my mistake." Sawajiri believes that the agencies that are forcing too much from their idols are too old fashioned and that "The managers themselves are old but we have to change this situation."
!Date | !Movie | !Role | !Production Company | |
2004.02.28 | Mondai no nai watashitachi | Asmik Ace | ||
2005.01.22 | Pacchigi! | (We Shall Overcome Someday) | Lee Kyung-ja 、이경자 | Asmik Ace |
2005.04.16 | Ashurajou no Hitomi | Shochiku | ||
2005.09.17 | Shinobi: Heart Under Blade | Shochiku | ||
2006.05.13 | Mamiya kyodai | Asmik Ace | ||
2006.09.16 | Toho | |||
2006.09.30 | Otoshimono (Ghost Train) | Shochiku | ||
2006.10.21 | Tentama | Shochiku | ||
2006.11.11 | Tegami | Gaga Communications | ||
2007.09.29 | Toho |
!Year | !Drama | !Role | !Broadcasting Company |
Hotman | |||
Hitonatsu no Papa e | |||
2004 | Sakura Sakumade | ||
Aikurushii | |||
Fuji Television | |||
2006 | Taiyou no uta (drama) |
!Date | !Drama | !Role | !Broadcasting Company |
2003.02.02 | NorthPoint Friends | Hokkaido Cultural Broadcasting | |
2004.02.11 | Fuyuzora ni Tsuki ha Kagayaku | - | Fuji Television |
2004.04.03 | Cheers ~ Tenkou e no Ouenka | Nihon Television | |
2004.11.23 | Mumei | - | |
2005.09.10 | The Winds of God | Asahi Television | |
2006.10.22 | Tenshi no hashigo | Fuji Television |
!Year | !Singer | !Music Video Clip | !Information |
Kishidan | Secret Love Story | - | |
Zeebra feat. Hiro | Big Big Money | - | |
2005 | Rip Slyme | Hey! Brother | Theme song of Mamiya kyodai |
Kaoru Amane | |||
Kaoru Amane | Stay With Me | ||
Miliyah Kato | I Will | Theme song of Otoshimono | |
SunSet Swish | Kimi ga Iru Kara | Theme song of Tentama | |
Komorebi | Theme song of Tegami | ||
Erika | |||
Erika | Commercial song of music.jp | ||
Love & Truth | Theme song of Closed Note | ||
Erika | Destination Nowhere | Commercial song of music.jp |
!Year | !Variety Show | !Broadcasting Company |
2001 | Harajuku Ronchazu | - |
The Night of Hit Parade | Nihon Television | |
Super VIP | - | |
2002–2003 | B-1 | TBS |
2003–2004 | Aidoru wa | - |
Unknown | Mecha x2 Ikederu! | - |
!Year | !DVD | !Publisher |
2002 | Cava? | Wani Book |
D-Splash! | - | |
Erica | ||
2005 | Color | For-side.com |
!Year | !Product | !Company |
Amenity, Cook Nuevo & Yulax | Yamahisa | |
Flet's Phone | NTT Docomo | |
K (singer) | ||
- | ||
Xylish Show | [[Meiji Seika | |
Sala | Kanebo | |
Kaoru Amane Single Taiyou no Uta | ||
SonyEricsson W51S | SonyEricsson | |
Pepsi Nex Zero | Pepsi | |
Subaru Stella | [[Subaru | |
SonyEricsson W52S | SonyEricsson | |
SonyEricsson W53S | SonyEricsson | |
Fran | Meiji Seika | |
Coffretd'or | Kanebo | |
Sala | Kanebo | |
Studioseven Recordings | ||
Erika Single Destination Nowhere | Studioseven Recordings | |
Sala ~Superior~ | Kanebo | |
Sala ~Straight Mist~ | Kanebo |
!Year | !Book Title | !Publisher |
2003 | P-chu! | Wani Book |
2004 | Erika | |
2007 | Erika2007 | SDP |
Release | Title' | Oricon | Album | Label | |||||
Daily | Weekly | Monthly | Yearly | Debut | Overall | ||||
2006.08.30 | "Taiyou no Uta (The Sun's Song)" (c/w Stay with me) Kaoru Amane | 150,056 | 488,000 | - | Sony Music Japan | ||||
2007.07.04 | 50,287 | 119,817 | TBD | Studioseven Recordings | |||||
2007.11.28 | "Destination Nowhere" 2nd Single | 26,624 | 43,209 | TBD | Studioseven Recordings |
!Year | !Award | !Title | !Movie/Drama |
2001 | Young Jump Uniform Collection | Runner up | - |
2002 | Fuji TV's Visual Queen of the Year | - | - |
18th Nikkan Sports Movie Award | Best New Comer Award | Pacchigi! | |
30th Houchi Movie Award | Best New Comer Award | Pacchigi! | |
15th Tokyo Sports Movie Award | Best New Comer Award | Pacchigi! | |
79th Kinema Junpo Award | Best New Comer Award [Female] | Pacchigi! | |
Best New Comer Award [Female] | Pacchigi! | ||
2006 Elandor Award | Best New Comer Award | 1 Litre of Tears | |
43rd Golden Arrow Award | Best New Comer Award | 1 Litre of Tears |
Category:1986 births Category:People from Tokyo Category:Japanese female singers Category:Japanese film actors Category:Japanese gravure idols Category:Japanese stage actors Category:Japanese people of French descent Category:Japanese television actors Category:Living people Category:Sony Music Japan artists Category:Studioseven Recordings artists Category:Avex Trax artists
ar:إريكا سواجيري es:Erika Sawajiri fr:Erika Sawajiri ko:사와지리 에리카 id:Erika Sawajiri it:Erika Sawajiri ja:沢尻エリカ pl:Erika Sawajiri pt:Sawajiri Erika ru:Савадзири, Эрика tl:Erika Sawajiri th:เอริกะ ซาวาจิริ vi:Sawajiri Erika zh:澤尻英龍華This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
The World News (WN) Network, has created this privacy statement in order to demonstrate our firm commitment to user privacy. The following discloses our information gathering and dissemination practices for wn.com, as well as e-mail newsletters.
We do not collect personally identifiable information about you, except when you provide it to us. For example, if you submit an inquiry to us or sign up for our newsletter, you may be asked to provide certain information such as your contact details (name, e-mail address, mailing address, etc.).
When you submit your personally identifiable information through wn.com, you are giving your consent to the collection, use and disclosure of your personal information as set forth in this Privacy Policy. If you would prefer that we not collect any personally identifiable information from you, please do not provide us with any such information. We will not sell or rent your personally identifiable information to third parties without your consent, except as otherwise disclosed in this Privacy Policy.
Except as otherwise disclosed in this Privacy Policy, we will use the information you provide us only for the purpose of responding to your inquiry or in connection with the service for which you provided such information. We may forward your contact information and inquiry to our affiliates and other divisions of our company that we feel can best address your inquiry or provide you with the requested service. We may also use the information you provide in aggregate form for internal business purposes, such as generating statistics and developing marketing plans. We may share or transfer such non-personally identifiable information with or to our affiliates, licensees, agents and partners.
We may retain other companies and individuals to perform functions on our behalf. Such third parties may be provided with access to personally identifiable information needed to perform their functions, but may not use such information for any other purpose.
In addition, we may disclose any information, including personally identifiable information, we deem necessary, in our sole discretion, to comply with any applicable law, regulation, legal proceeding or governmental request.
We do not want you to receive unwanted e-mail from us. We try to make it easy to opt-out of any service you have asked to receive. If you sign-up to our e-mail newsletters we do not sell, exchange or give your e-mail address to a third party.
E-mail addresses are collected via the wn.com web site. Users have to physically opt-in to receive the wn.com newsletter and a verification e-mail is sent. wn.com is clearly and conspicuously named at the point of
collection.If you no longer wish to receive our newsletter and promotional communications, you may opt-out of receiving them by following the instructions included in each newsletter or communication or by e-mailing us at michaelw(at)wn.com
The security of your personal information is important to us. We follow generally accepted industry standards to protect the personal information submitted to us, both during registration and once we receive it. No method of transmission over the Internet, or method of electronic storage, is 100 percent secure, however. Therefore, though we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your personal information, we cannot guarantee its absolute security.
If we decide to change our e-mail practices, we will post those changes to this privacy statement, the homepage, and other places we think appropriate so that you are aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under what circumstances, if any, we disclose it.
If we make material changes to our e-mail practices, we will notify you here, by e-mail, and by means of a notice on our home page.
The advertising banners and other forms of advertising appearing on this Web site are sometimes delivered to you, on our behalf, by a third party. In the course of serving advertisements to this site, the third party may place or recognize a unique cookie on your browser. For more information on cookies, you can visit www.cookiecentral.com.
As we continue to develop our business, we might sell certain aspects of our entities or assets. In such transactions, user information, including personally identifiable information, generally is one of the transferred business assets, and by submitting your personal information on Wn.com you agree that your data may be transferred to such parties in these circumstances.