A music download is the transferral of music from an Internet-facing computer or website to a user's local computer. This term encompasses both legal downloads and downloads of copyright material without permission or payment.

Popular examples of online music stores that sell digital singles and albums include the iTunes Store, Tune App, Napster, Zune Marketplace, Amazon MP3, Nokia Music Store, TuneTribe, Kazaa and eMusic. Paid downloads are sometimes encoded with Digital Rights Management that restricts making extra copies of the music or playing purchased songs on certain digital audio players. They are almost always compressed using a lossy codec (usually MPEG-1 Layer 3 or Windows Media), reducing file size and therefore bandwidth requirements. However, this may cause an apparent loss in quality to a listener when compared to a CD, and cause compatibility issues with certain software and devices. Uncompressed files and losslessly compressed files are available at some sites.

As of January 2011, Apple's iTunes Store alone saw $1.1 billion of revenue in fiscal Q1.

Music downloads offered by artists

Some artists allow their songs to be downloaded from their websites, or an online music store often as a short preview or a low-quality sampling. Others have embedded services in their sites that allow purchases of their singles or albums.

Challenges to legal music downloads

Even legal music downloads have faced a number of challenges from artists, record labels and the Recording Industry Association of America. In July 2007, the Universal Music Group decided not to renew their long-term contracts with iTunes. This legal challenge was primarily based upon the issue of pricing of songs, as Universal wanted to be able to charge more or less depending on the artist, a shift away from iTunes' standard 99 cents per song pricing. Many industry leaders feel that this is only the first of many show-downs between Apple Inc. and the various record labels.

The RIAA against illegal downloading

The Recording Industry Association of America launched its first lawsuits on September 8, 2003, against individuals illegally downloading music files from the Kazaa FastTrack network. At first, the RIAA's campaign to sue illegal downloaders looked like a bad idea to many critics; however, two years after it began, the campaign had survived at least one major legal challenge and began to pick up speed. The RIAA said that it filed 750 suits in February 2006 against individuals downloading music files without paying for them in hopes of putting an end to Internet music piracy. Many say that it is unfair for the RIAA to choose certain individuals to sue out of millions, but the RIAA dismisses the charge that the suits are unfair, comparing them to those who get targeted for speeding tickets. The RIAA hopes their campaign will force people to respect the copyrights of music labels and eventually minimize the number of illegal downloads that happen every day.

Chart inclusion

United States

Legal music downloads were first compiled by ''Billboard'' in 1993 , but they did not gain mainstream acceptance in the United States until around February 2005, when digital sales for singles started to be included in the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and other ''Billboard'' charts. In the year before, the Hot 100 chart was similar to the Hot 100 Airplay chart, because only minor CD-single sales affected the chart. The inclusion of digital singles, as seen in the Hot Digital Songs, has immensely helped many songs chart and peak higher, in some cases in the absence of a radio release.

Single certifications were introduced in February 2005. Songs that sell a certain number of copies are often certified by the RIAA with the permission of the artist and the record company.

United Kingdom

The UK Official Download Chart was launched on September 1, 2004 and included any Permanent Digital Download track, under 10 minutes long, being sold for a minimum price of 40p (0.4 GBP). In January 2005, downloaded tracks outsold physical singles for the first time in UK music history, prompting The Official UK Charts Company to begin to incorporate downloads for the first time into the UK Singles Chart on 17 April 2005, at which time Radio 1 stopped broadcasting the separate download chart, although the chart is still compiled. Initially this was on condition that the song must have a physical media release at the same time; this rule was fully lifted on January 1, 2007, meaning all download sales are now eligible in the chart.

Sales records

United States

In November 2005, the record for the best-selling digital single in the United States was held by Gwen Stefani's "Hollaback Girl", which had sold over one million downloads, making it the first song to achieve platinum download status. As of 2009, the record for the best-selling digital single in the United States on the iTunes Store is held by The Black Eyed Peas's "I Gotta Feeling", which had sold over 5,561,000 downloads. The highest weekly sales record was held by Kanye West with the single "Gold Digger", his record was broken by Britney Spears's "Hold It Against Me", which had first-week sales of 411,000. Later, the record was broken by Lady Gaga's "Born This Way", with 484,000 downloads.

Overall, the song with the most downloads in history is OneRepublic's 'Apologize (song)' with 10 million legal downloads from both its original version and remixed version done by Timbaland.

Soon after his death in 2009, Michael Jackson became the first artist to sell over one million download songs in a week.

Digital Sales Records

The following albums are the albums that have passed 1 million digital downloads. They are listed in chronological order

{|class="wikitable" !style="text-align: center;"|Artist !style="text-align: center;"|Album !style="text-align: center;"|When |- |style="text-align: center;"|Eminem |style="text-align: center;"| Recovery |style="text-align: center;"| July 8, 2011 |- |style="text-align: center;"|Adele |style="text-align: center;"| 21 |style="text-align: center;"| July 15, 2011 |- |}

See also

Comparison of online music stores

Digital Economy Act 2010

HADOPI law

On air on sale

Open Music Model

References

Category:Electronic commerce Category:File sharing Category:Internet culture Category:Recorded music Category:Music websites

ca:Descàrrega digital es:Descarga digital (música) fr:Téléchargement de musique ko:음악 다운로드 it:Musica digitale ka:ციფრული ჩამონატვირთი ms:Muat-turun digital nl:Muziekdownload ja:デジタル・ダウンロード pl:Download (wydawnictwo muzyczne) pt:Download digital simple:Digital download sv:Digital nedladdning al:Shkarko muzik uk:Завантаження музики hi:संगीत डाउनलोड

Jordan Roseman (aka DJ Earworm) is a San Francisco/London-based mashup artist who has achieved recognition for his technically sophisticated, songwriting oriented music and video mashups. His annual “United State of Pop” mashups, short mixes featuring the top 25 songs of the year according to Billboard magazine, have reached the Top 100 for national radio play.

Biography

Roseman was born into a big family of musicians and raised in eastern Iowa and Evanston, Illinois. In his early life, he played piano and produced original electronic music on a computer, later majoring in music theory and computer science at the University of Illinois. He began making mashups recreationally in 2003 using ACID. After encouragement from DJ Adrian at Club Bootie, Roseman created the moniker DJ Earworm ("earworm" referencing a song that repeats uncontrollably in one's mind) and began releasing mashups via a website.

DJ Earworm has a unique mashup style that consists of a compositional, songwriting approach. He gradually layers samples on top of one another, matching keys and subtly altering melodies. His mashups often convey an entirely new meaning than the original material, such as a political message in “No More Gas”. He has been contrasted with mashup artist Girl Talk, who has a more DJ-oriented style.

He is the author of ''Audio Mashup Construction Kit'' (Wiley, 2006), a how-to manual for creating mashups.

At the 2008 IDEA conference, he revealed that he has made mashups using Ableton Live₨, and now DJs live with the same software.

"United State of Pop" series

2007

Earworm's 2007 mashup, "United State of Pop” consisted of the top 25 songs of 2007 according to ''Billboard''. The song crossed beyond the online download market, reaching the Top 100 for national radio play in February 2008. Earworm is the first mashup artist to have a bootleg mashup enter Billboard’s charts. As of August 12, 2011, the song has surpassed 4.5 million views on YouTube, and it has peaked at number 71 on the CHR/Top 40 Mediabase radio chart.

Mix Includes:

"Irreplaceable"- Beyonce

" Umbrella"- Rihanna ft. Jay-z

"The Sweet Escape"- Gwen Stefani ft. Akon

"Big Girls Don't Cry"- Fergie

"Buy U a Drank (Shawty Snappin')"- T-Pain ft. Young Joc

"Before He Cheats"- Carrie Underwood

"Hey There Delilah"- Plain White T's

" I Wanna Love You"- Akon ft. Snoop Dogg

"Say It Right"- Nelly Furtado

" Glamorous"- Fergie ft. Ludacris

"Don't Matter"- Akon

" Girlfriend"- Avril Lavigne

"Makes Me Wonder"- Maroon 5

"Party Like a Rockstar"- Shop Boyz

"Smack That"- Akon ft. Eminem

"This Is Why I'm Hot"- Mims

" It's Not Over"- Daughtry

"The Way I Are"- Timbaland ft. Keri Hilson

"Fergalicious"- Fergie

"Crank That (Soulja Boy)*- Soulja Boy Tell 'Em

" Give It to Me"- Timbaland with Justin Timberlake and Nelly Furtado

"What Goes Around... Comes Around"- Justin Timberlake

"Cupid's Chokehold"- Gym Class Heroes ft. Patrick Stump

" How to Save a Life"- The Fray

" Home"- Daughtry

2008

On December 25, 2008 he released another mashup called "United State of Pop 2008 (Viva la Pop)", prominently featuring Coldplay's song "Viva la Vida" as the backing track, and an intro by Natasha Bedingfield's Pocketful of Sunshine beat. The official YouTube video of the song had 200,000 views within the first two weeks of release. The mashup peaked at number 58 on ''Billboard'''s Pop Airplay chart, and entered the Pop 100 chart. As of August 12, 2011, the video has received over 9.2 million views on YouTube, and it has peaked at number 81 on the CHR/Top 40 Mediabase radio chart.

Mix Includes:

" Low"- Flo Rida ft. T-Pain

"Bleeding Love"- Leona Lewis

" No One"- Alicia Keys

" Lollipop"- Lil Wayne ft. Static Major

" Apologize"- One Republic ft. Timbaland

"No Air"- Jordin Sparks & Chris Brown

" Love Song"- Sara Bareilles

"Love in This Club"- Usher ft.Young Jeezy

" With You"- Chris Brown

" Forever"- Chris Brown

"Sexy Can I"- Ray J ft. Young Berg

" Take a Bow"- Rihanna

"Viva La Vida"- Coldplay

"I Kissed a Girl"- Katy Perry

" Whatever You Like"-T.I.

"Disturbia"- Rihanna

" Don't Stop the Music"- Rihanna

" Pocketful of Sunshine"- Natasha Bedingfield

" Kiss Kiss"- Chris Brown ft. T-pain

" Closer"- Ne-Yo

"Bubbly"- Colbie Caillat

"Touch My Body"- Mariah Carey

" 4 Minutes "- Madonna ft. Justin Timberlake

" So What"- Pink

"Paralyzer"- Finger Eleven

2009

On December 27, 2009 he released a third year-end mashup, "United State of Pop 2009 (Blame it on the Pop)". The music video has reached over 38.5 million views as of August 17, 2011.

Mix Includes:

"Boom Boom Pow"- The Black Eyed Peas

" Poker Face"- Lady Gaga

"Just Dance"- Lady Gaga ft.Colby O'Donis

"I Gotta Feeling"- Black Eyed Peas

" Love Story"- Taylor Swift

"Right Round"- Flo Rida ft. Kesha

" I'm Yours"- Jason Mraz

"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on it)"- Beyonce

" Heartless"- Kanye West

"Gives You Hell"- All-American Rejects

"You Belong with Me"- Taylor Swift

"Dead and Gone"- T.I ft. Justin Timberlake

"You Found Me"- The Fray

"Use Somebody"- Kings of Leon

"Knock You Down"- Keri Hilson ft. Kanye West & Ne-Yo

"Blame It"- Jamie Foxx ft. T-Pain

"I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)"- Pitbull

"Live Your Life"- T.I ft. Rihanna

"Kiss Me Thru the Phone"- Soulja Boy Tell 'Em ft. Sammie

" Down"- Jay Sean ft. Lil Wayne

"The Climb"- Miley Cyrus

" Best I Ever Had"- Drake

"My Life Would Suck Without You"- Kelly Clarkson

" Halo"- Beyonce

"Hot n Cold"- Katy Perry

2010

On December 28, 2010 he released the fourth year-end mashup, "United State of Pop 2010 (Don't Stop the Pop) includes the top 25 singles of 2010. The music video has reached over 12.7 million views as of August 17, 2011.

Mix Includes:

"Tik Tok"- Kesha

"Need You Now"- Lady Antebellum

"Hey, Soul Sister"- Train

"California Gurls"- Katy Perry ft. Snoop Dogg

" OMG"-Usher ft. Will.I.Am

"Airplanes"-B.o.B ft. Hayley Williams

"Love the Way You Lie"- Eminem ft. Rihanna

"Bad Romance"-Lady Gaga

" Dynamite"- Taio Cruz

"Break Your Heart"- Taio Cruz ft. Ludacris

"Nothin' on You"- B.o.B ft. Bruno Mars

" I Like It"- Enrique Iglesias ft. Pitbull

"BedRock"-Young Money Entertainment ft. Lloyd

" In My Head"- Jason Derülo

"Rude Boy"- Rihanna

" Telephone"- Lady Gaga ft. Beyonce

"Teenage Dream"- Katy Perry

"Just The Way You Are"- Bruno Mars

"Cooler Than Me"- Mike Posner

"Imma Be"- The Black Eyed Peas

"Empire State of Mind"- Jay-Z ft. Alicia Keys

"DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love"- Usher ft. Pitbull

"Billionaire"- Travie McCoy ft. Bruno Mars

"Not Afraid"-Eminem

"Replay"- Iyaz

2011

The fifth year-end mashup is set to be released in December 2011.*The Billboard Hot 100 Chart contacted DJ Earworm early, due to his mashups coming out so late. They gave him the official top 25 songs of 2011:

" Rolling In The Deep"- Adele "Firework"- Katy Perry "Party Rock Anthem"- LMFAO ft. Lauren Bennett & GoodRock "Grenade"- Bruno Mars "E.T"-Katy Perry ft. Kanye West "Give Me Everything"-Pitbull ft. Ne-Yo & Nayer "Born This Way"- Lady Gaga "F**k You"-Cee Lo Green "F**king Perfect"- P!nk "S&M;"- Rihanna "Raise Your Glass"- P!nk "Tonight(I'm Lovin'You)"- Enrique Iglesias ft. Ludacris "The Edge Of Glory"-Lady Gaga "Lighters"- Bad Meets Evil ft. Bruno Mars "What's My Name"- Rihanna ft. Drake "Just Can't Get Enough"- The Black Eyed Peas "Till The World Ends"- Britney Spears "Last Friday Night(T.G.I.F)"- Katy Perry "On The Floor"- Jennifer Lopez ft. Pitbull "Black & Yellow"- Wiz Khalifa "Super Bass"- Nicki Minaj "The Lazy Song"- Bruno Mars "We R Who We R"- Kesha "How To Love"- Lil Wayne "Only Girl(In The World)"- Rihanna

Official Mashups

While most mashup artists must rely on bootleg samples and public releases to make mashups, Earworm has been contacted by prominent musicians to make mashups from their source material. DJ Earworm was given multitracks by Annie Lennox to create a unique mashup piece called "Backwards/Forwards," which contains nine of her songs.

On September 12, 2009, Earworm released an official Sean Kingston mashup called "A Beautiful Mashup."

Like OMG, Baby

"Like OMG, Baby", released in the summer of 2010, was shown as part of a concert at Wembley Stadium in London for Capital FM's Summertime Ball, where all fifteen of the featured artists performed. The mashup is Earworm's fourth song to chart on the CHR/Top 40 ''Mediabase'' radio chart, where it peaked at number 83. As of August 8, 2011, the video has received 10.2 million views and counting on YouTube, making it by far his most popular non-United State of Pop mashup and surpassing the 2008 year-end video. In 2011 the song was honored with two Sony Radio Academy Awards. Here is the list of songs used: #Alexandra Burke - All Night Long #Cheryl Cole - Fight For This Love #Chipmunk feat. Esmee Denters - Until You Were Gone #Dizzee Rascal - Bonkers #Ellie Goulding - Starry Eyed #Jason Derulo - In My Head #JLS - One Shot #Justin Bieber - Baby #Ke$ha - Tik Tok #Pixie Lott - Mama Do (Uh Oh, Uh Oh) #Rihanna - Rude Boy #Scouting For Girls - This Ain't a Love Song #Tinie Tempah - Pass Out #Usher feat. Will.I.Am - OMG #The Wanted - All Time Low

Free At Night

On December 10, 2010, Earworm released a Nelly Furtado mashup titled "Free At Night", composed of 13 songs from Furtado's recent greatest hits album, The Best of Nelly Furtado. The music video has over 541,000 views as of August 8, 2011. Here is the list of songs used: #I'm Like a Bird #Turn Off the Light #Powerless (Say What You Want) #Try #Força #Promiscuous #Maneater #Say It Right #All Good Things (Come To An End) #Girlfriend in This City #Night Is Young #Stars #Manos al Aire

The Only Time is Tonight

To promote YouTube's Android app, Earworm released a mashup called "The Only Time is Tonight". The mashup heavily used Enrique Iglesias's "Tonight (I'm Lovin' You)" instrumental and vocals. It was released on May 31, 2011 on YouTube's official account. As of August 22, 2011, the video has reached over 1.5 million views. Here is the list of songs used: #Avril Lavigne - What the Hell #Black Eyed Peas - The Time (Dirty Bit) #Chris Brown - Yeah 3x #Enrique Iglesias - Tonight (I'm Lovin' You) #Kesha - We R Who We R #Rihanna - Only Girl (In the World) #Willow Smith - Whip My Hair

Party on the Floor

After 2010's "Like OMG, Baby", Earworm released the 2011 version. He released it on June 12, 2011. It is entitled, "Party On The Floor". As of August 23, 2011, the music video has reached over 3 million views. This mash up was used at the start of the Capital FM summertime ball 2011 at Wembley Stadium. Here are the songs used: #Jennifer Lopez feat. Pitbull - On the Floor #Jessie J - Do It Like A Dude #Jessie J feat. B.o.B.- Price Tag #LMFAO feat. Lauren Barrett & GoonRock - Party Rock Anthem #Nicole Scherzinger - Don't Hold Your Breath #Example - Changed the Way You Kiss Me #Mike Posner - Cooler Than Me #Ne-Yo - Beautiful Monster #The Wanted - Glad You Came #Far East Movement feat. The Cataracs & Dev - Like A G6 #JLS feat. Tinie Tempah - Eyes Wide Shut #JLS - Love You More #Katy B - Katy on a Mission #Katy B feat. Ms. Dynamite - Lights On #Cee-Lo Green - Forget You #Cee-Lo Green feat. Wiz Khalifa - Bright Lights, Bigger City #Enrique Iglesias feat. Pitbull - I Like It #Wretch 32 - Traktor #Mann - Buzzin'

References

External links

DJ Earworm Homepage

Category:American DJs Category:Living people

pt:DJ Earworm