Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
non-profit name	Fisher House Foundation
non-profit logo
non-profit type	Non-Profit Organization
founded date	1993
founder	Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher
location	Rockville, Maryland - U.S.
key people	Kenneth Fisher, Chairman
focus	United States military members, their families, and American military verterans
method	Construction of comfortable temporary lodging facilities near military hospitals
num employees	15
non-profit slogan	"Fisher House – because a family’s love is good medicine"
homepage	}}

Fisher House Foundation is best known for the network of comfort homes built on the grounds of major military and VA medical centers. The Fisher Houses are 5,000 to homes, donated to the military and Department of Veterans Affairs, where families can stay while a loved one is receiving treatment. Additionally, the Foundation ensures that families of service men and women wounded in Iraq or Afghanistan are not burdened with unnecessary expense during a time of crisis.

Located in close proximity to the medical center or hospital it serves, each Fisher House consists of between 8 and 21 suites, with private bedrooms and baths. Families share a common kitchen, laundry facilities, spacious dining room and an inviting living room with a library and toys for children. Fisher House Foundation ensures that there is no fee to stay in a Fisher House. Since inception, the program has saved military and veteran families an estimated $165 million in out of pocket costs for lodging and transportation.

Fisher House Foundation operates the Hero Miles Program, using donated frequent flyer miles to bring family members to the bedside of injured service members. To date Hero Miles has provided over 22,000 airline tickets to our military and their families. The Foundation also manages a grant program that supports other military charities and scholarship funds for military children, spouses and children of fallen and disabled veterans.

Military care

The Fisher House program was established by Zachary Fisher and his wife Elizabeth. The first "Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher House" was opened in Bethesda, Maryland at National Naval Medical Center on 24 June 1990. President George H. W. Bush and Mrs. Barbara Bush opened the second Fisher House at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, DC. To date, the program consists of 54 houses located near Veterans Affairs hospitals and military installations across the country and at one United States military installations in Europe. From these locations, Fisher House serves more than 12,000 military families per year. The Fisher House program plans to build several more lodging facilities to complete its nationwide support network.

Fisher Houses are given to the United States Government as gifts by the Fisher House Foundation. Each house is designed to provide eight to 21 family suites. The houses accommodate 16 to 42 family members. They feature a common kitchen, laundry facilities, spacious dining room, and a family style living room with a library. Toys are provided for the younger children.

left|thumb|255px|The Fisher House at Keesler AFB built in 1992 Fisher Houses are a temporary residence, not a treatment facility, hospice or counseling center. They are normally within walking distance of a military or Veterans Affairs hospital. They are designed to be comfortable temporary home, manned by caring volunteers who help family members endure the stresses associated with serious long-term medical conditions or injuries. Fisher House enables families to stay together, cook meals, do chores, and relax in a home-like environment. The nominal service fee charged Fisher House guests is always lower than other military lodging facilities and much lower than commercial hotels. There is no charge to stay at any of the Fisher Houses.

Since Federal law prohibited the military from paying for the personal travel of service members and their families, Fisher House expanded its support to include airline tickets. Through a program call ''Operation Hero Miles'', Fisher House now gives away free airline tickets to help military families reunite with hospitalized service members.

Foundation

The Fisher House Foundation is a non-profit organization founded in 1990 by Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher. The Foundation funded construction of Fisher House facilities near military hospitals and Vertans Affairs medical centers. In addition to building new houses, the Foundation educates the public about the Fisher House program, raised funds to support and expand the Fisher House network, and helps individual military families in need. For example, families of patients at any military hospital can receive up-to-the-minute reports on a loved one by going to the patient's own customized web-page available through an on-line system called ''CaringBridge'' which is funded by the Foundation. The Fisher House Foundation and many individual Fisher Houses receive financial support from the Combined Federal Campaign.

Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher

right|thumb|255px|Zachary and Elizabeth FisherAs a young man, Zachary Fisher was severely injured in a construction accident. When Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, he tried to enlist, but was rejected by the military due to his injury. Since he was unable to join the military, he decided to help the war effort by building coastal fortifications for United States Army Corps of Engineers.

After World War II, Fisher built a successful construction business. He also continued to look for ways to support America and its men and women in uniform. In 1988, in response to the attack on the USS Stark in the Persian Gulf, Fisher and his wife Elizabeth established the Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher Armed Services Foundation, to provide financial assistance to needy members of the Armed Forces and their dependents. Since then, the Foundation has provided substantial direct payments to families of service members killed or injured in the line of duty. The Foundation also provides college scholarships for dependents of military personnel.

In 1990, the Fishers decided to build a comfortable home-like lodging facility to house families of patients undergoing treatment at a military hospital. The home was located in Portsmouth, Virginia, and was called the "Zachary and Elizabeth Fisher House". The Fisher House was designed to accommodate eight families and was fully furnished as a comfortable home. The current Fisher House program and its network of houses grew out of that initial project.

Fisher died on 4 June 1999, but the Fisher House Foundation continues to build Fisher Houses and carry on the Fisher legacy of helping military men and women and their families.

Locations

Currently, there are 54 Fisher Houses located on military installations and near veterans hospitals throughout the United States plus two at an American military base in Germany. The Fisher House Foundation plans to increase the number of facilities as resources become available.

For a complete list of Fisher Houses, their locations and contact information, please visit the Fisher House Foundation website at http://fisherhouse.org/houses/.

References

External links

Fisher House Foundation

Category:Organizations established in 1990 Category:Non-profit organizations based in the United States Category:Medical and health organizations based in the United States Category:American military personnel

pt:Fisher House Foundation

Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
show name	The House Foundation
format	Comedy, Talk, Country
runtime	4 hours
creator	Gerry House
writer	Gerry House
executive producer	Gerry House
starring	Gerry HouseMike BohanAl VoecksDuncan StewartRichard Falklen
country	United States
first aired	1983
last aired	Present
website	The House Foundation
home station	WSIX-FM
podcast	}}

The House Foundation is the morning show at Nashville's WSIX-FM radio station.

History

Beginnings

In the early 80's, WSIX-FM started a morning show that featured veteran disc jockey and songwriter Gerry House as the host. Al Voecks had presented a talk show on the AM station, and he soon became House's news man. Duncan Stewart came to Nashville from Boston in 1983, through a friendship with the music director at WSIX-FM, and he soon became House's Sports guy.

Completing the foundation was Paul Randall, who began as a traffic reporter and he soon became House's co-presenter or 'sidekick'. While Voecks and Stewart came in every half hour to do news and sports, Randall stuck around for the whole show and played off House.

Hiatus

The first run of the 'House Foundation' ended in 1985 when Gerry left for WSIX's competitors, WSM, citing politics within the company as the reason. Soon thereafter, he moved to California as an on-air personality for KLAC

Return

After a successful time in California on radio and writing for Television, Gerry cited personal reasons for a return to Nashville. WSIX's new owner, Steve Hicks, soon offered House his job back and even agreed to a complete 'House Foundation' reunion that would see House return to the air with Voecks, Stewart and Randall all in their original roles. Devon O'Day also joined the show as producer and for a Country news segment at 9.45 called 'Twang Talk'.

Loss of Paul Randall

Tragedy would strike when House Foundation member Paul Randall became very ill. Mike Bohan joined the show in 1995 after 20 years at WSMV. Randall succumbed to his illness in 1998 and Gerry finds it hard to speak of his late friend now.

Today

Randall's sidekick role was filled by Mike Bohan, former weatherman for WSMV-TV. Recently Richard Falklen joined the team as a replacement for Devon O'Day and hosts the news segment once named 'Twang Talk'. Falklen's 'disembodied voice', as Gerry calls it, can often be heard through the studio intercom during the show whenever he adds input.

Al Voecks and Duncan Stewart's contracts were not renewed by WSIX and they ended being with the show in Dec. 2009 and many listeners were saddened by their departure. Gerry stated to them on their last day that the show would not be the same without them.

The End

On Friday, September 3, 2010, Gerry announced in the last few minutes of the show that the House Foundation would be dissolving and that their last broadcast will be on December 15, 2010. Gerry stopped short of calling it a retirement and made no characterization as to whether or not the decision was solely his — instead stating that "no one is mad at anyone" and that the timing "feels right". A press release issued to local media immediately after the announcement said that Gerry will continue to contribute to WSIX as a writer, adviser, and "consigliere".

Show Details

Format

The House Foundation follows a traditional morning show format, eschewing sequential song play for information and discussion. Generally, in any given segment of the show, there will be one top charting Country Music song, a time of discussion among the hosts and/or listeners, and a series of commercials. In addition, there are traffic/weather/news/sports blocks interspersed with commercial messages.

Guests

Fictional Gerry House Characters

House pre-tapes many of the comedy bits played throughout the show, using his own voice and stock music. ;Homer:By far, the most prevalent fictional voice on the show, Homer voices the shows opening and many of the station identification spots. House often sets up jokes with the Homer character, and will sometimes dialogue with his pre-recorded banter. ;Makk Trukk:Accompanied by Battle Hymn of the Republic, this character gives a comedic political commentary. ;Mayor/Governor Phil Bredesen:House imitates the politician, usually repeating the recognizable phrase, "and... hello..." ;Maurice:This African-American sportscaster often lampoons local sports team achievements or non-achievements. House originated the character while he was in Los Angeles originally for the Los Angeles Lakers.

Live Guests

House generally does not have live guests on his show, but will from time-to-time feature country music stars local politicians and local celebrities. Many country stars do listen to his show either locally or on satellite radio, and will often call in unsolicited. Occasionally, House will bait a star to call in on the air with mixed results. There is an unpublished phone number that House provides to entertainers so that they do not have to be queued with the general public.

Regular Features

Show Segments

House determines the overall direction of the show, sticking with a fairly regular template each morning. Certain portions of the show are designed to solicit input from listeners, and often House will direct the conversation to current events both in news and entertainment. House is very adept at structuring conversations to be informative and humorous at the same time. Almost always, the music played is country, and House almost always tells a caller, when requesting a "devil rock-and-roll" (as he puts it) song, to "Get off the phone!" However in some cases (such as when a 13 year old boy named Noah called, requesting the song ''You Had a Bad Day'', and House was so taken by Noah's enthusiasm (though he did wait until Noah hung up before he told Bohan to find it)) House will play a non-country song.

Daily

;Cornpone Canker:House, using the name "Cornpone Canker", will play a new country song and solicit callers to rate it on a scale of one to ten. Cornpone will take around a dozen calls each day during the segment, and Bohan will average the results. ;Shout out to the host:Toward the end of the 7:00 hour, House chooses a classic country song to play with the primary intention to allow listeners to lavish praise on him for his choice. Listeners call in and "give a shout out" to House about how much they like the song. House self-depracatingly acknowledges their calls. Occasionally, House will choose a song based on current events that may or may not be within the country genre. Usually this creates more intense reactions from his listeners, both negative and positive. ;Things you would have heard, had you been listening:During the 9:00 hour, House recaps many of the punchlines used in the day's show. Often the result is unintentionally hilarious, even without hearing the setups for the jokes.

Weekly

;What are you doin'?: Friday mornings prior to 7:00 a.m., House will ask his audience to call in with their weekend plans so that the team can "live vigorously [vicariously]" through them. House improvs off each phone call. He typically says "What's a-haappenin'?"

Comedy Bumpers

Throughout the show, House will insert pre-recorded short comedy segments that he creates at his studio House Notes. Several segments are long-running, where the general framework of the comedy bit stays the same, but the content changes, sometimes based on current events. ;The New Opry:Since The Grand Ole Opry runs on a competitor station in Nashville (and for a period of time ran paid advertisements on the House Foundation), House created a bit that is a false ad for ''The New Opry''. Touting itself as an improvement on "the old one", the ad lists a lineup of unlikely performers including "_______ Herlihey" and "the ________ sisters" where the blank spot changes each time. Other "new Opry" lampoons include Billy Gilman, Nashville/Tennessee politicians and various non-country stars.

Daily Contests

Daily contests occur at regular times each day during the show. House announces the call-in number and the audience is invited to call to compete. A caller is chosen at random to participate. The sole prize for the winner is $50. House generally does everything he can to help the caller win the contest, and has been known to award the prize even when the caller is incorrect, or has to guess several times to get the answer. Winning answers are accompanied by a stock cheering sound effect. ;You Be the Judge: ;Liar's Club:

Special Contests

Whenever there is a major prize given away on the House Foundation, the contest usually includes some sort of complex trivia question, nonsense phrase or guessing game that lasts for almost the entire show. Like most radio stations, major prize contests usually occur on Thursdays during sweeps.

Featured Commercial Sponsors

House's show is sponsored by local and national companies. Certain featured sponsors receive regular advertising times when their commercial spot is broadcast. Some sponsors appear on the show themselves, either in pre-taped or participatory segments that feature extemporaneous improvisation with House. Other sponsors elect to have House Foundation members voice their spots in testimonials.

One interesting aspect of the majority of the phoned in advertisements - the sponsors seem to be coached to agree with everything that Gerry says, applying a basic rule of improvisational comedy.

Gerry House Spots

Voiced live by House alone

* 7:30 a.m. daily - Hunter's Custom Automotive - This ad generally has the same copy each time, so House reads it each time in a different inflection, imitation and accent, adding in ad libs based on popular music or current events.

Improvised live spots with sponsors

* Daily - Worthington Mortgage - House dialogues by phone with Will Worthington, owner of the company, who promotes his company's low interest rates and online applications. Most days, House will segue out of the discussion and make an oblique ironic connection between whatever the previous topic was and home mortgages. In addition, House will take the opportunity to make a veiled insult to Mike Bohan for not refinancing his mortgage to a lower interest rate.

* Weekly - Fluffo Mattress - House talks by phone with Horace Bass of Nashville-based Fluffo Mattress Company. The discussion invariably turns to the languid tones of Horace. In the event that Bass does not call in for the commercial, House infers that proves the quality of the product, because he must be asleep on his Fluffo.

* Weekly - Kroger Image Express - House talks by phone with a representative from Kroger's photo service about specials that they are running, often asking inappropriate questions.

* Weekly - LAVE M.D. - House talks by phone with a doctor from Nashville's Laser and Vein Aesthetics.

Mike Bohan Spots

Frequently, Bohan will voice a five to ten second live spot prior to his weather report. Many times, House will interrupt and try to throw him off script

Voiced live by Bohan alone

* Ming Wang - Nashville Lasik surgeon

* The Tennessean - often features a tease of the day's stories

Voiced pre-recorded by Bohan alone

* Dunkin Donuts

Duncan Stewart Spots

Voiced pre-recorded by Stewart alone

*Shane Co.

* (former sponsor) Krystal

Running Gags

Many of the comedic elements of the show are recurrent and understandable at first hearing. Some of the show's jokes have stemmed from topical discussions, and others are based on malapropisms that have occurred on the show.

Jokes

Many of the long running jokes on the show are pre-written or developed through improvisation. ;Call if you...:Whenever the discussion on a specific topic gets out of hand, House will interrupt the conversation with the "Call if you..." question requesting calls from listeners who espouse a position that is a ludicrous characterization of the topic being discussed. ;How did we get so late?:Many times, the discussion on topics extends beyond the scheduled timeframe, delaying the scheduled news broadcast by a number of minutes. Usually, when trying to get the show back on track, House will incredulously ask, "how did we get so late?" and then invite the audience to call to discuss why they're late... which of course, would make them later... which, of course was how they got in the predicament in the first place. ;I'm _____, and I'm _____:House will come back from break many times introducing himself as a famous character with the expectation that Bohan will finish the well-known pairing, usually with embarrassing results to Bohan. ;Shut 'er Down!: Often when Voecks is reading a news story about a plant closing, the end of a political campaign or other stopping, House will yell off-mike "Shut 'er Down!" in an odd voice. ;The Squirrel! (followed by a Squirrel imitation):When primary competitor WSM-FM adopted a new station mascot of "The Wolf", House protested 98's lack of an animal mascot and suggested they be known as "The Squirrel."

Inside Jokes

The House Foundation has myriad inside jokes, most deriving from spontaneous improvisation between House and the various other members of the team. Sometimes these jokes require extensive listening to more fully appreciate their humor. ;Bohan(-ing):House's sidekick Mike Bohan is known for his frugality and frequent use of station marketing opportunities to receive free goods and services. For that reason, House has chosen to turn his name into a verb to describe this act. ::Examples: :::When I went to the restaurant on its opening night, I ''Bohanned'' a meal from them. :::I have a friend who works for the theater, so I ''Bohanned'' these tickets from him. ;Our eight listeners:House jokes that his show is so unpopular that they only have eight listeners, and to lose any of them would be catastrophic. Many people will call in and refer to themselves as "one of the eight." ;Stewart or Voecks Drinking:House jokes about Stewart and Voecks's ability to consume adult beverages. ;The UPS Man:House infers frequently that his wife is having an affair with the UPS driver that services his house. He often cites made up "evidence" to this. The gag stemmed from a commentary on the amount of mail-ordering that his wife does. ;Voecks's age:Because he is the most senior of the team, House often jokes obliquely about Voecks's age, inferring that he is multiple hundreds of years old.

The Best of the House Foundation

When House is away on vacation or ill, Chris Romer presents "The Best Of The House Foundation". Generally, the ratio of music to other material is increased greatly in this format, but usually with some "best of" material between songs: averaging 7-8 bits per hour.

The Best of the House Foundation also airs on Saturdays...and 5-6am weekdays.

Category:American variety radio programs

References

http://www.wsix.com/pages/personality_hfoundation.html

Fisher House, or variations including Fisher Hall or Fisher Homestead, may refer to:

Fisher House Foundation - an organization funding the construction of family lodging facilities near military hospitals

;in England

Fisher House, Cambridge - a Catholic chaplaincy for members of the University of Cambridge

;in the United States (by state then city)

Fisher Memorial Home, Casa Grande, Arizona, listed on the NRHP in Arizona

Fisher/Goldwater House, Prescott, Arizona, listed on the NRHP in Arizona

John P. Fisher House, Portland, Arkansas, listed on the NRHP in Arkansas

Fisher-Zugelder House and Smith Cottage, Gunnison, Colorado, listed on the NRHP in Colorado

William G. Fisher House, Denver, Colorado, listed on the NRHP in Colorado

Fisher Homestead (Lewes, Delaware), listed on the NRHP in Delaware

Andrew Fisher House, Newark, Delaware, listed on the NRHP in Delaware

Fisher House (Lavonia, Georgia), listed on the NRHP in Georgia

James M. Fisher House, Weiser, Idaho, listed on the NRHP in Idaho

Fisher-Nash-Griggs House, Ottawa, Illinois, listed on the NRHP in Illinois

Lewis M. Fisher House, Davenport, Iowa, listed on the NRHP in Iowa

Fisher Homestead (Cloverport, Kentucky), listed on the NRHP in Kentucky

Fisher House (Fisherville, Kentucky), listed on the NRHP in Kentucky

Applegate-Fisher House, West Point, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP in Kentucky

Fisher-Richardson House, Mansfield, Massachusetts, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts

Nathan Fisher House, Westborough, Massachusetts, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts

Henry N. Fisher House, Waltham, Massachusetts, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts

Nelson E. Fisher House-High Banks, Iron River, Michigan, listed on the NRHP in Michigan

Burr Fisher House, Bozeman, Montana, listed on the NRHP in Montana

Fisher House (Kalispell, Montana), listed on the NRHP in Montana

Joseph Fisher House, Stevensville, Montana, listed on the NRHP in Montana

E. D. Fisher House, Bolivar, Ohio, listed on the NRHP in Ohio

Fisher Hall (Oxford, Ohio), formerly listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Butler County, Ohio

Ferdinand Fisher House, Astoria, Oregon, listed on the NRHP in Oregon

Raymond and Catherine Fisher House, Portland, Oregon, listed on the NRHP in Oregon

Thaddeus Fisher House, Portland, Oregon, listed on the NRHP in Oregon

Fisher House (Hatboro, Pennsylvania) by noted architect Louis Kahn

Maj. Jared B. Fisher House, Spring Mills, Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania

Henry Fisher House, Yellow House, Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania

Adam Fisher Homestead, United, Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania

A. J. Fisher House, Walland, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP in Tennessee

Fisher Hall (San Marcos, Texas), San Marcos, Texas, listed on the NRHP in Texas

David Fisher House, Heber City, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Utah

See also

Fisher Hall (disambiguation)

Fisher Homestead (disambiguation)

de:Fisher House

Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
Name	Louis Isadore Kahn
Mother	Bertha Schmuilowsky
Father	Leopold Schmuilowsky
Nationality	American
Birth date	February 20, 1901
Birth place	Kuressaare, Governorate of Estonia , Russian Empire
Death date	March 17, 1974
Death place	New York City
Significant buildings	Yale University Art Gallery Salk Institute Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban Phillips Exeter Academy Library Kimbell Art Museum
Significant projects	Center of Philadelphia,Urban and Traffic Study
Awards	AIA Gold Medal RIBA Gold Medal }}

Louis Isadore Kahn (born Itze-Leib Schmuilowsky) (February 20, 1901 or 1902 – March 17, 1974) was a world-renowned American architect of Estonian Jewish origin, based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. After working in various capacities for several firms in Philadelphia, he founded his own atelier in 1935. While continuing his private practice, he served as a design critic and professor of architecture at Yale School of Architecture from 1947 to 1957. From 1957 until his death, he was a professor of architecture at the School of Design at the University of Pennsylvania. Influenced by ancient ruins, Kahn's style tends to the monumental and monolithic; his heavy buildings do not hide their weight, their materials, or the way they are assembled. Louis Kahn's works are considered as monumental beyond modernism.

Biography

Early life

Louis Kahn, whose original name was Itze-Leib (Leiser-Itze) Schmuilowsky (Schmalowski), was born into a poor Jewish family in Pärnu and spent the rest of his early childhood in Kuressaare on the Estonian island of Saaremaa, then part of the Russian Empire. At age 3, he saw coals in the stove and was captivated by the light of the coal. He put the coal in an apron which later seared his face. He carried these scars for the rest of his life.

In 1906, his family immigrated to the United States, fearing that his father would be recalled into the military during the Russo-Japanese War. His actual birth year may have been inaccurately recorded in the process of immigration. According to his son's documentary film in 2003 the family couldn't afford pencils but made their own charcoal sticks from burnt twigs so that Louis could earn a little money from drawings and later by playing piano to accompany silent movies. He became a naturalized citizen on May 15, 1914. His father changed their name in 1915.

Career

He trained in a rigorous Beaux-Arts tradition, with its emphasis on drawing, at the University of Pennsylvania. After completing his Bachelor of Architecture in 1924, Kahn worked as senior draftsman in the office of City Architect John Molitor. In this capacity, he worked on the design for the 1926 Sesquicentennial Exposition.

In 1928, Kahn made a European tour and took a particular interest in the medieval walled city of Carcassonne, France and the castles of Scotland rather than any of the strongholds of classicism or modernism. After returning to the States in 1929, Kahn worked in the offices of Paul Philippe Cret, his former studio critic at the University of Pennsylvania, and in the offices of Zantzinger, Borie and Medary in Philadelphia. In 1932, Kahn and Dominique Berninger founded the Architectural Research Group, whose members were interested in the populist social agenda and new aesthetics of the European avant-gardes. Among the projects Kahn worked on during this collaboration are unbuilt schemes for public housing that had originally been presented to the Public Works Administration. Among the more important of Kahn's early collaborations was with George Howe. Kahn worked with Howe in late 1930s on projects for the Philadelphia Housing Authority and again in 1940, along with German-born architect Oscar Stonorov for the design of housing developments in other parts of Pennsylvania.

Kahn did not find his distinctive architectural style until he was in his fifties. Initially working in a fairly orthodox version of the International Style, a stay at the American Academy in Rome in the early 1950s marked a turning point in Kahn's career. The back-to-the-basics approach he adopted after visiting the ruins of ancient buildings in Italy, Greece, and Egypt helped him to develop his own style of architecture influenced by earlier modern movements but not limited by their sometimes dogmatic ideologies.

In 1961 he received a grant from the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts to study traffic movement in Philadelphia and create a proposal for a viaduct system. He describes this proposal at a lecture given in 1962 at the International Design Conference in Aspen, Colorado:

In the center of town the streets should become buildings. This should be interplayed with a sense of movement which does not tax local streets for non-local traffic. There should be a system of viaducts which encase an area which can reclaim the local streets for their own use, and it should be made so this viaduct has a ground floor of shops and usable area. A model which I did for the Graham Foundation recently, and which I presented to Mr. Entenza, showed the scheme.

Kahn's teaching career began at Yale University in 1947, and he was eventually named Albert F. Bemis Professor of Architecture and Planning at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962 and Paul Philippe Cret Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania in 1966 and was also a Visiting Lecturer at Princeton University from 1961 to 1967. Kahn was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1953. He was made a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1964. He was awarded the Frank P. Brown Medal in 1964. He was made a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1968 and awarded the AIA Gold Medal, the highest award given by the AIA, in 1971 and the Royal Gold Medal by the RIBA in 1972.

Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban

Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban (National Assembly Building) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, is perhaps the most important building designed by Kahn. Kahn got the design contract with the help of Muzharul Islam, his student at Yale University, who worked with him on the project. It was Kahn's last project during 1962 to 1974. It is the centerpiece of the national capital complex designed by Kahn that includes hostels, dining halls, and a hospital. According to Robert McCarter, author of the book ''Louis I. Kahn'', it "is one of the twentieth century's greatest architectural monuments, and is without question Kahn's magnum opus."

Death

In 1974, Kahn died of a heart attack in a men's restroom in Pennsylvania Station in New York. He went unidentified for three days because he had crossed out the home address on his passport. He had just returned from a work trip to Bangladesh, and despite his long career, he was deeply in debt when he died.

Personal life

Kahn had three different families with three different women: his wife, Esther, whom he married in 1930; Anne Tyng, who began her working collaboration and personal relationship with Kahn in 1945; and Harriet Pattison. His obituary in the ''New York Times'', written by Paul Goldberger, mentions only Esther and his daughter by her as survivors. But in 2003, Kahn's son with Pattison, Nathaniel Kahn, released an Oscar-nominated biographical documentary about his father, titled ''My Architect: A Son's Journey'', which gives glimpses of the architecture while focusing on talking to the people who knew him: family, friends, and colleagues. It includes interviews with renowned architect contemporaries such as Muzharul Islam, B. V. Doshi, Frank Gehry, Ed Bacon, Philip Johnson, I. M. Pei, and Robert A. M. Stern, but also an insider's view of Kahn's unusual family arrangements. The unusual manner of his death is used as a point of departure and a metaphor for Kahn's "nomadic" life in the film.

Designs

Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut,(1951–1953), the first significant commission of Louis Kahn and his first masterpiece, replete with technical innovations. For example, he designed a hollow concrete tetrahedral space-frame that did away with the need for ductwork and reduced the floor-to-floor height by channeling air through the structure itself. Like many of Kahn's buildings, the Art Gallery makes subtle references to its context while overtly rejecting any historical style.

Richards Medical Research Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, (1957–1965), a breakthrough in Kahn's career that helped set new directions for modern architecture with its clear expression of served and servant spaces and its evocation of the architecture of the past.

The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, (1959–1965), was to be a campus composed of three main clusters: meeting and conference areas, living quarters, and laboratories. Only the laboratory cluster, consisting of two parallel blocks enclosing a water garden, was actually built. The two laboratory blocks frame an exquisite view of the Pacific Ocean, accentuated by a thin linear fountain that seems to reach for the horizon.

First Unitarian Church, Rochester, New York (1959–1969), named as one of the greatest religious structures of the 20th century by Paul Goldberger, Pulitzer Prize-winning architectural critic. Tall, narrow window recesses create an irregular rhythm of shadows on the exterior while four light towers flood the sanctuary walls with indirect natural light.

Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban (National Assembly Building) in Dhaka, Bangladesh (1962–1974)

Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, in Ahmedabad, India (1962).

National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh (1963)

Phillips Exeter Academy Library, Exeter, New Hampshire, (1965–1972), awarded the Twenty-five Year Award by the American Institute of Architects in 1997. It is famous for its dramatic atrium with enormous circular openings into the book stacks.

Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, (1967–1972), features repeated bays of cycloid-shaped barrel vaults with light slits along the apex, which bathe the artwork on display in an ever-changing diffuse light.

Yale Center for British Art, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, (1969–1974).

Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park, Roosevelt Island, New York, (1972–1974), unbuilt.

Timeline of works

All dates refer to the year project commenced

1935 – Jersey Homesteads Cooperative Development, Hightstown, New Jersey

1940 – Jesse Oser House, 628 Stetson Road, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania

1947 – Phillip Q. Roche House, 2101 Harts Lane, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania

1951 – Yale University Art Gallery, 1111 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut

1952 – City Tower Project, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (unbuilt)

1954 – Jewish Community Center (aka Trenton Bath House), 999 Lower Ferry Road, Ewing, New Jersey

1956 – Wharton Esherick Studio, 1520 Horseshoe Trail, Malvern, Pennsylvania (designed with Wharton Esherick)

1957 – Richards Medical Research Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

1957 – Fred E. and Elaine Cox Clever House, 417 Sherry Way, Cherry Hill, New Jersey

1959 – Margaret Esherick House, 204 Sunrise Lane, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

1958 – Tribune Review Publishing Company Building, 622 Cabin Hill Drive, Greensburg, Pennsylvania

1959 – Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California

1959 – First Unitarian Church, 220 South Winton Road, Rochester, New York

1960 – Erdman Hall Dormitories, Bryn Mawr College, Morris Avenue, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania

1960 – Norman Fisher House, 197 East Mill Road, Hatboro, Pennsylvania

1961 – Point Counterpoint II, barge used by the American Wind Symphony Orchestra

1962 – Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India

1962 – National Assembly Building, Dhaka, Bangladesh

1963 – President's Estate, Islamabad, Pakistan (unbuilt)

1965 – Phillips Exeter Academy Library, Front Street, Exeter, New Hampshire

1966 – Kimbell Art Museum, 3333 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, Texas

1966 – Olivetti-Underwood Factory, Valley Road, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

1968 – Hurva Synagogue, Jerusalem, Israel (unbuilt)

1969 – Yale Center for British Art, Yale University, 1080 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut

1971 – Steven Korman House, Sheaff Lane, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania

1972 – Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park, Roosevelt Island, New York City, New York (unbuilt) 1973 – The Arts United Center (Formerly known as the Fine Arts Foundation Civic Center), Fort Wayne, Indiana 1979 – Flora Lamson Hewlett Library of the Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley, California

Legacy

Louis Kahn's work infused the International style with a fastidious, highly personal taste, a poetry of light. His few projects reflect his deep personal involvement with each. Isamu Noguchi called him "a philosopher among architects." He was known for his ability to create monumental architecture that responded to the human scale. He was also concerned with creating strong formal distinctions between ''served'' spaces and ''servant'' spaces. What he meant by ''servant'' spaces was not spaces for servants, but rather spaces that serve other spaces, such as stairwells, corridors, restrooms, or any other back-of-house function like storage space or mechanical rooms. His palette of materials tended toward heavily textured brick and bare concrete, the textures often reinforced by juxtaposition to highly refined surfaces such as travertine marble.

While widely known for his spaces' poetic sensibilities, Kahn also worked closely with engineers and contractors on his buildings. The results were often technically innovative and highly refined. In addition to the influence Kahn's more well-known work has on contemporary architects (such as Muzharul Islam, Tadao Ando), some of his work (especially the unbuilt City Tower Project) became very influential among the high-tech architects of the late 20th century (such as Renzo Piano, who worked in Kahn's office, Richard Rogers and Norman Foster). His prominent apprentices include Muzharul Islam, Moshe Safdie, Robert Venturi, Jack Diamond.

Many years after his death, Kahn continues to inspire controversy. Interest is growing in a plan to build a Kahn-designed Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park at the southern tip of Roosevelt Island. A ''New York Times'' editorial opined:

There's a magic to the project. That the task is daunting makes it worthy of the man it honors, who guided the nation through the Depression, the New Deal and a world war. As for Mr. Kahn, he died in 1974, as he passed alone through New York's Penn Station. In his briefcase were renderings of the memorial, his last completed plan.

The editorial describes Kahn's plan as:

...simple and elegant. Drawing inspiration from Roosevelt's defense of the Four Freedoms – of speech and religion, and from want and fear – he designed an open 'room and a garden' at the bottom of the island. Trees on either side form a 'V' defining a green space, and leading to a two-walled stone room at the water's edge that frames the United Nations and the rest of the skyline.

Critics note that the panoramic view of Manhattan and the UN are actually blocked by the walls of that room and by the trees. Other as-yet-unanswered critics have argued more broadly that not enough thought has been given to what visitors to the memorial would actually be able to do at the site. The proposed project is opposed by a majority of island residents who were surveyed by the Trust for Public Land, a national land conservation group currently working extensively on the island.

The movement for the memorial, which was conceived by Kahn's firm almost 35 years ago, needed to raise $40 million by the end of 2007; as of July 20, it had collected $5.1 million. There is a merest hint in ''Architectural Record'' about the often-heard argument that it must be built because it was literally Kahn's last project; and this is rebutted by those who've said the plans aren't enough like Kahn's other work for it to be touted as a memorial to Kahn as well as FDR.

Gallery

Notes

References

Further reading

Louis Kahn: Essential Texts, edited by Robert Twombly, WW Norton & Company, 2003.

External links

Louis I. Kahn – Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project

The Louis I. Kahn Collection – The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania

Exhibition at the University of Pennsylvania on Louis I. Kahn Interiors

Great Buildings Online – Louis I. Kahn

The Works of Louis I. Kahn, a personal collection of photographs taken at various Kahn buildings.

Honoring Louis Kahn's Legacy on the 100th Anniversary of His Birth

The Trenton Bath House of Louis Kahn

Redefining the Basemap

Louis Kahn traffic studies

Kahn Project Amherst College

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Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
Name	Climie Fisher
Background	group_or_band
Origin	London, England
Genre	Pop
Years activ e	1987–1990
Label	EMICapitol Records (US)
Associated acts	Naked Eyes
Past members	Simon ClimieRob Fisher }}

Climie Fisher were a UK pop duo formed by vocalist Simon Climie (born 7 April 1957) and former Naked Eyes keyboardist Rob Fisher (5 November 1956 - 25 August 1999). In 1987-8, they had two international hit singles.

Career

Simon Climie met Rob Fisher at Abbey Road Studio, where they were both performing as session musicians. The duo is best known for the 1987 hit single "Love Changes (Everything)" which reached Number 2 in the UK and in South Africa (on re-release), Number 7 in Germany, Number 8 in Switzerland, Number 15 in Austria and Number 23 in the US, all in 1988. The hip hop-styled remix of "Rise to the Occasion" had also previously reached Number 10 in the UK Singles Chart and reached later Number 1 in South Africa, Number 14 in Germany, Number 17 in Sweden and Number 19 in Austria. Their last hit single was "Love Like A River" in 1989, which reached Number 18 in Austria, Number 22 in the UK and Number 54 in Germany. They wrote most of their own material together with Dennis Morgan, who Climie had previously worked with; and hired Steve Lillywhite and Stephen Hague as producers. Although their first album ''Everything'' charted in both the UK(#14)and US(#120), their second album ''Coming In for the Kill'' (UK #45) was less successful and they split up shortly after its release.

Fisher later co-wrote Rick Astley's song, "Cry for Help" single (UK #7 in 1991). He also contributed as songwriter to Astley's albums ''Free'' (1991) and ''Body & Soul'' (1993). He died on 25 August 1999 during surgery for bowel cancer. Simon Climie had, before the success of Climie Fisher, co-written (with Dennis Morgan) the George Michael/Aretha Franklin single "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)" in 1986. He worked as a producer for recording artists such as Louise, MN8 and Five Star and as a co-songwriter and musician for Eric Clapton, including the album with J.J. Cale (featuring Derek Trucks and Billy Preston) ''The Road to Escondido''. Climie released a solo album and single, both titled "Soul Inspiration" in 1992. He also worked with former Doobie Brothers member Michael McDonald on his Motown albums. He produced the 2009 album by the ''American Idol'' winner Taylor Hicks, titled ''The Distance''.

Discography

Albums

''Everything'' (EMI - 1987) (#14 UK, #7 Germany, #10 Switzerland, #14 Sweden, #120 USA, #1 South Africa)

''Coming In for the Kill'' (EMI - 1989) (#35 UK, #36 Sweden, #6 South Africa)

Singles

"This Is Me" - 1986

"Love Changes (Everything)" - 1987 - #67 UK; #30 Netherlands

"Keeping The Mystery Alive" - 1987 - #35 Germany

"Rise To The Occasion" - 1987 - #10 UK; #1 Netherlands; #1 South Africa; #14 Germany; #17 Sweden; #19 Austria

"Love Changes (Everything)" (re-mix) - 1988 - #2 UK; #2 South Africa; #7 Germany; #8 Switzerland; #15 Austria; #23 Australia; #23 USA

"This Is Me" (re-release) - 1988 - #22 UK; #34 Netherlands; #60 Germany

"I Won't Bleed For You" - 1988 - #35 UK

"Love Like A River" - 1988 - #22 UK; #18 Austria; #54 Germany

"Facts Of Love" - 1989 - #50 UK; #54 Germany

"Fire On The Ocean" - 1989

"It's Not Supposed To Be That Way" - 1990

References

External links

Entry on Discogs

Climie Fisher songwriting credits

Charts-Surfer homepage

Category:Musical groups established in 1987 Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1990 Category:English pop music groups Category:Musical duos

de:Climie Fisher es:Climie Fisher it:Climie Fisher nl:Climie Fisher ja:クライミー・フィッシャー sv:Climie Fisher