Events

1184 BC – Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned, according to calculations by Eratosthenes.

173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle of the rain".

631 – Emperor Taizong of Tang, the Emperor of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to seek the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80,000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.

1345 – The megas doux Alexios Apokaukos, chief minister of the Byzantine Empire, is lynched by political prisoners.

1429 – Hundred Years' War: start of the Battle of Jargeau.

1509 – Henry VIII of England marries Catherine of Aragon.

1594 – Philip II recognizes the rights and privileges of the local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines, which paved way to the stabilization of the rule of the Principalía (an elite ruling class of native nobility in Spanish Philippines).

1770 – Captain James Cook runs aground on the Great Barrier Reef.

1776 – The Continental Congress appoints Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston to the Committee of Five to draft a declaration of independence.

1788 – Russian explorer Gerasim Izmailov reaches Alaska.

1805 – A fire consumes large portions of Detroit in the Michigan Territory.

1825 – The first cornerstone is laid for Fort Hamilton in New York City.

1837 – The Broad Street Riot occurs in Boston, fueled by ethnic tensions between Yankees and Irish.

1892 – The Limelight Department, one of the world's first film studios, is officially established in Melbourne, Australia.

1898 – Spanish-American War: U.S. war ships set sail for Cuba.

1898 – The Hundred Days' Reform is started by Guangxu Emperor with a plan to change social, political and educational institutions in China, but is suspended by Empress Dowager Cixi after 104 days. The failed reform though led to the abolition of Imperial Examination in 1905.

1901 – New Zealand annexes the Cook Islands.

1903 – Group of Serbian officers stormed royal palace and assassinated King Alexander Obrenović and his wife queen Draga.

1907 – George Dennett, aided by Gilbert Jessop, dismisses Northamptonshire for 12 runs, the lowest total in first-class cricket.

1917 – King Alexander assumes the throne of Greece after his father Constantine I abdicates under pressure by allied armies occupying Athens.

1919 – Sir Barton wins the Belmont Stakes, becoming the first horse to win the Triple Crown.

1920 – During the U.S. Republican National Convention in Chicago, U.S. Republican Party leaders gathered in a room at the Blackstone Hotel to come to a consensus on their candidate for the U.S. presidential election, leading the Associated Press to first coin the political phrase "smoke-filled room".

1935 – Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States at Alpine, New Jersey.

1936 – The International Surrealist Exhibition opens in London, England.

1937 – Great Purge: The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin executes eight army leaders.

1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Wuhan starts.

1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. 500,000 to 900,000 civilians are killed.

1942 – World War II: The United States agrees to send Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.

1944 – the last battleship built by the United States Navy and future site of the signing of the Japanese Instrument of Surrender, is commissioned.

1955 – Eighty-three are killed and at least 100 are injured after an Austin-Healey and a Mercedes-Benz collide at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the deadliest ever accident in motorsports.

1956 – Start of Gal Oya riots, the first reported ethnic riots that target minority Sri Lankan Tamils in the Eastern Province. The total number of deaths is reportedly 150.

1962 – Frank Morris, John Anglin and Clarence Anglin allegedly become the only prisoners to escape from the prison on Alcatraz Island.

1963 – American Civil Rights Movement: Alabama Governor George Wallace stands at the door of Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama in an attempt to block two black students, Vivian Malone and James Hood, from attending that school. Later in the day, accompanied by federalized National Guard troops, they are able to register.

1963 – Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc burns himself with gasoline in a busy Saigon intersection to protest the lack of religious freedom in South Vietnam.

1964 – World War II veteran Walter Seifert runs amok in an elementary school in Cologne, Germany, killing at least eight children and two teachers and seriously injuring several more with a home-made flamethrower and a lance.

1970 – After being appointed on May 15, Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington officially receive their ranks as U.S. Army Generals, becoming the first females to do so.

1972 – The Eltham Well Hall rail crash, caused by an intoxicated train driver, kills six people and injures 126.

1978 – Altaf Hussain founds the students' political movement All Pakistan Muhajir Students Organisation (APMSO) in Karachi University.

1981 – A Richter Scale 6.9 magnitude earthquake at Golbaf, Iran, kills at least 2,000.

1998 – Compaq Computer pays $9 billion for Digital Equipment Corporation in the largest high-tech acquisition.

2001 – Timothy McVeigh is executed for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.

2002 – Antonio Meucci is acknowledged as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States Congress.

2004 – Cassini-Huygens makes its closest flyby of the Saturn moon Phoebe.

2008 – Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper makes an historic official apology to Canada's First Nations in regard to a residential school abuse in which children are isolated from their homes, families and cultures for a century.

Births

1403 – John IV, Duke of Brabant (d. 1427)

1456 – Anne Neville, wife of Richard III of England (d. 1485)

1540 – Barnabe Googe, English poet (d. 1594)

1588 – George Wither, English writer (d. 1667)

1672 – Francesco Antonio Bonporti, Italian priest and composer (d. 1749)

1696 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (d. 1758)

1704 – Carlos Seixas, Portuguese composer (d. 1742)

1713 – Edward Capell, English critic (d. 1781)

1723 – Johann Georg Palitzsch, German astronomer (d. 1788)

1726 – Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, Spanish-born Dauphine of France (d. 1746)

1741 – Joseph Warren, American doctor and soldier (d. 1775)

1776 – John Constable, English painter (d. 1837)

1797 – José Trinidad Reyes, Honduran national hero (d. 1855)

1815 – Julia Margaret Cameron, English photographer (d. 1879)

1832 – Lucy Pickens, American and Confederate socialite (d. 1899)

1842 – Carl von Linde, German engineer and industrialist (d. 1934)

1846 – William Louis Marshall, American general and engineer (d. 1920)

1847 – Millicent Fawcett, British suffragist and feminist (d. 1929)

1864 – Richard Strauss, German composer and conductor (d. 1949)

1867 – Charles Fabry, French physicist (d. 1945)

1871 – Stjepan Radić, Croatian politician (d. 1928)

1876 – Alfred L. Kroeber, American anthropologist (d. 1960)

1877 – Renée Vivien, English-born French poet (d. 1909)

1879 – Roger Bresnahan, American baseball player (d. 1944)

1880 – Jeannette Rankin, American politician, feminist and pacifist (d. 1973)

1888 – Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian anarchist (d. 1927)

1894 – Dai Vernon, Canadian magician (d. 1992)

1895 – Nikolai Bulganin, Soviet politician (d. 1975)

1897 – Ram Prasad Bismil, Indian Revolutionary, Founder of Hindustan Republican Association (d. 1927)

1897 – Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia (d. 1918)

1903 – Ernie Nevers, American football player (d. 1976)

1910 – Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French marine biologist and inventor (d. 1997)

1910 – Carmine Coppola, American composer, director and songwriter (d. 1991)

1912 – James Algar, American film director (d. 1998)

1913 – Vince Lombardi, American football coach (d. 1970)

1913 – Risë Stevens, American operatic soprano

1913 – Coby Whitmore, American painter and magazine illustrator (d. 1988)

1914 – Gerald Mohr, American actor (d. 1968)

1915 – Nicholas Metropolis, Greek-American mathematician, physicist and computer scientist (d. 1999)

1917 – Joseph B. Wirthlin, American religious leader (d. 2008)

1919 – Helen Tobias-Duesberg, Estonian-born American composer

1919 – Richard Todd, British actor (d. 2009)

1920 – Shelly Manne, American jazz drummer (d. 1984)

1920 – Hazel Scott, Trinidad and Tobago-born American singer (d. 1981)

1920 – Irving Howe, American literary and social critic (d. 1993)

1922 – John Bromfield, American actor (d. 2005)

1922 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot film maker

1925 – William Styron, American novelist and essayist (d. 2006)

1926 – Carlisle Floyd, American composer

1928 – Fabiola de Mora y Aragón, Spanish-born Queen consort of the Belgians

1930 – Charles B. Rangel, American politician

1931 – Audrey Schuh, American soprano

1932 – Athol Fugard, South African playwright

1933 – Gene Wilder, American actor

1934 – Henrik, French-born Prince Consort of Denmark

1936 – Jud Strunk, American singer, songwriter and comedian (d. 1981)

1936 – Chad Everett, American actor

1937 – Robin Warren, Australian pathologist, Nobel laureate

1937 – Johnny Brown, American comedian

1939 – Sir Jackie Stewart, Scottish race car driver

1939 – Bernard Purdie, American session drummer

1939 – Christina Crawford, American actress and writer

1940 – Joey Dee, American musician (Joey Dee and the Starliters)

1944 – Roscoe Orman, American actor

1945 – Adrienne Barbeau, American actress

1947 – Laloo Prasad Yadav, Indian politician

1947 – Henry Cisneros, American politician

1947 – Richard Palmer-James, British lyricist and guitarist (King Crimson, Supertramp)

1947 – Bob Evans, British racing driver

1948 – Dave Cash, American baseball player

1948 – Michael Swan, American actor

1949 – Frank Beard, American drummer (ZZ Top)

1949 – Tom Pryce, British racing driver (d. 1977)

1950 – Lynsey de Paul, British singer and songwriter

1950 – Graham Russell, British guitarist and vocalist (Air Supply)

1951 – Yasumasa Morimura, Japanese appropriation artist

1951 – Mark D. Siljander, American politician

1952 – Donnie Van Zant, American rock vocalist and guitarist (38 Special, Van Zant)

1953 – Peter Bergman, American actor

1953 – José Bové, French political activist

1953 – Georgios Orfanos, Greek politician

1955 – Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower

1955 – Duncan Steel, British astronomer and author

1956 – Steven A. Cohen, American hedge fund manager

1956 – Joe Montana. American football player

1957 – Jamaaladeen Tacuma, American free jazz bassist

1959 – Hugh Laurie, English actor and comedian

1959 – Magnum T.A., American professional wrestler

1960 – Mehmet Oz, American television host, surgeon, inventor

1961 – María Barranco, Spanish actress

1962 – Erika Salumäe, Estonian cyclist

1963 – Bruce Kimball, American diver

1963 – Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (d. 2000)

1964 – Jean Alesi, French Formula One driver

1965 – Manuel Uribe, Mexican one-time world's heaviest man

1967 – Clare Carey, American actress

1967 – João Garcia, Portuguese mountaineer

1968 – Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein

1969 – Peter Dinklage, American actor

1969 – Steven Drozd, American drummer and guitarist (The Flaming Lips)

1969 – Bryan Fogarty, Canadian professional ice hockey player (d. 2002)

1969 – Olaf Kapagiannidis, German footballer

1969 – Matt McGrath, American actor

1970 – Chris Rice, American singer and songwriter

1970 – Kang Ho Dong, Korean traditional wrestler and MC

1973 – José Manuel Abundis, Mexican footballer

1973 – Dana Brunetti, American film producer

1974 – Fragiskos Alvertis, Greek basketball player

1974 – David Starie, British boxer

1975 – Choi Ji Woo, South Korean actress and model

1975 – Thomas Bimis, Greek diver

1976 – Gran Naniwa, Japanese professional wrestler

1977 – Geoff Ogilvy, Australian golfer

1977 – Ryan Dunn, American actor (d. 2011)

1977 – Shane Meier, Canadian actor

1978 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor

1978 – Ujjwala Raut, Indian supermodel

1979 – Amy Taylor, Australian television presenter and model

1980 – Yhency Brazobán, Dominican baseball player

1981 – Emiliano Moretti, Italian footballer

1982 – Eldar Rønning, Norwegian cross-country skier

1982 – Johnny Candido, American professional wrestler

1982 – Joey Graham, American basketball player

1982 – Stephen Graham, American basketball player

1982 – Diana Taurasi, American basketball player

1983 – Chuck Hayes, American basketball player

1983 – José Reyes, Dominican baseball player

1984 – Andy Lee, Irish boxer

1984 – Vágner Love, Brazilian footballer

1985 – Chris Trousdale, American pop singer and dancer

1986 – Shia LaBeouf, American actor

1986 – Chase Clement, American football quarterback

1987 – TiA, Japanese R&B; singer

1987 – Didrik Solli-Tangen, Norwegian singer and Eurovision contestant

1988 – Yui Aragaki, Japanese actress and model

1989 – Maya Moore, American basketball player

1989 – Keith Aulie, Canadian hockey player

Deaths

1183 – Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (b. 1155)

1216 – Henry of Flanders, Emperor of the Latin Empire

1488 – King James III of Scotland (b. 1451)

1557 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)

1695 – André Félibien, French architect (b. 1619)

1712 – Louis Joseph, duc de Vendôme, Marshal of France (b. 1654)

1727 – King George I of Great Britain (b. 1660)

1796 – Samuel Whitbread, English brewer (Whitbread Group PLC) and politician (b. 1720)

1847 – John Franklin, English sea captain and explorer (b. 1786)

1852 – Karl Briullov, Russian painter (b. 1799)

1859 – Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Austrian statesman (b. 1773)

1879 – Prince Willem of the Netherlands, disgraced heir apparent to the Dutch throne (b. 1840)

1882 – Louis Maigret, Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1804)

1903 – Nikolai Bugaev, Russian mathematician (b. 1837)

1903 – Alexander Obrenovich, King of Serbia (b. 1876)

1911 – James Curtis Hepburn, American missionary and linguist (b. 1815)

1914 – Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1848)

1920 – William F. Halsey, Sr., United States Naval Officer (b. 1853)

1924 – Théodore Dubois, French composer and teacher (b. 1837)

1927 – William Attewell, English cricketer (b. 1861)

1934 – Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist (b. 1896)

1936 – Robert E. Howard, American writer (b. 1906)

1937 – R. J. (Reginald Joseph) Mitchell, British aircraft designer (b. 1895)

1941 – Daniel Carter Beard, founder of the Boy Scouts of America (b. 1850)

1963 – Thích Quảng Đức, Vietnamese Buddhist monk (b. 1897)

1965 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, 95th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9th President of Portugal (b. 1883)

1970 – Earl Grant, American pianist, organist and singer (b. 1931)

1970 – Frank Laubach, Christian missionary (b. 1884)

1970 – William 'Billy Batts' Devino, American crime figure (b. 1921)

1974 – Julius Evola, Italian philosopher (b. 1898)

1974 – Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President of Brazil (b. 1883)

1976 – Jim Konstanty, American baseball player (b. 1917)

1979 – John Wayne, American actor (b. 1907)

1982 – Al Rinker, American singer (The Rhythm Boys) (b. 1907)

1984 – Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician (b. 1922)

1985 – Karen Ann Quinlan, American right-to-die cause célèbre (b. 1954)

1985 – Sapfo Notara, Greek actress (b. 1907)

1986 – Chesley Bonestell, American engineer, architect and artist (b. 1888)

1991 – Cromwell Everson, South African composer (b. 1925)

1993 – Ray Sharkey, American actor (b. 1952)

1995 – Rodel Naval, Filipino Singer (b.1953)

1996 – Brigitte Helm, German actress (b. 1908)

1998 – Catherine Cookson, British novelist (b. 1906)

1999 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (b. 1920)

2001 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist (b. 1968)

2001 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer (b. 1923)

2003 – David Brinkley, American television reporter (b. 1920)

2004 – Egon von Furstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (b. 1946)

2005 – Vasco Gonçalves, Portuguese general (b. 1922)

2006 – Bruce Shand, father of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (b. 1917)

2006 – Michael Bartosh, computer expert and author (b. 1977)

2006 – Neroli Fairhall, New Zealand archer (b. 1944)

2007 – Imre Friedmann, American scientist (b. 1921)

2007 – Mala Powers, American film actress (b. 1931)

2008 – Võ Văn Kiệt, former prime minister of Vietnam (b. 1922)

2008 – Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1938)

2008 – Miroslav Dvořák, Czechoslovak ice hockey player (b. 1951)

2009 – Sumire, Japanese fashion model (b. 1987)

2010 – Zenani Mandela, Nelson Mandela's great granddaughter (b. 1997)

Holidays and observances

Birthday of Prince Henrik (Denmark)

Christian Feast Day:

*Barnabas the Apostle

*Bartholomew the Apostle (Eastern Christianity)

*June 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Davis Day (Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada)

Kamehameha Day, official state holiday of Hawaii, United States

Matralia, in honor of Mater Matuta. (Roman Empire)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

----

Category:Days of the year Category:June

Coordinates	37°46′45.48″N122°25′9.12″N
Name	Naughty by Nature
Background	group_or_band
Alias	The New Style
Origin	East Orange, New Jersey, U.S.
Genre	Hip hop, East Coast hip hop
Years active	1988–2002 2006–present
Label	MCA, TVT, Tommy Boy, Warner Bros., Arista, BMG
Associated acts	Queen Latifah, Apache, Road Dawgs, Rottin Razkals, Eazy-E, Tupac Shakur
Url	NaughtyByNature.com
Current members	TreachVin Rock DJ Kay Gee

Naughty by Nature is a Grammy Award-winning American hip hop trio from East Orange, New Jersey that at the time of its formation in 1989 consisted of Treach, Vin Rock, and the DJ Kay Gee. They are known for being one of the few rap acts who were able to balance success on the pop charts with hardcore rap credibility.

History

1980s

The group formed in East Orange, New Jersey (colloquially referred to as "Illtown" in the 1980s) in 1988. They first appeared on the music scene in 1989, releasing an album called Independent Leaders under their then name the New Style. The album generated the minor hit "Scuffin' Those Knees". After the release of their first album, the group was mentored by fellow New Jersey native Queen Latifah, and subsequently changed its name.

1990s

Their first hit as Naughty by Nature was a track called "O.P.P.," which sampled the Jackson 5's hit "ABC" and was released in 1991 on their self-titled album Naughty by Nature. The song peaked at #6 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it one of the most successful rap songs in history to that point in terms of crossover success on the pop charts. The song has become well known in pop culture, being mentioned in TV shows and films such as The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Malibu's Most Wanted, Monk, and The Office. "O.P.P." also gained critical acclaim, being named one of the top 100 rap singles of all time in 1998 by The Source magazine, and being ranked the 20th best single of the '90s by Spin magazine

The album also generated another hit, a reworking of Bob Marley's "No Woman No Cry" called "Everything's Gonna be All Right" (the track was also called "Ghetto Bastard" on some explicit releases). That song detailed the experiences of Treach growing up in poverty, and now rising up to live a better life. Powered by the success of that song and "O.P.P.", their self titled album went platinum.

Fellow New Jersey native Tony D, accused Naughty by Nature of stealing a sample from his breakbeat album Music Makes You Move and using it on their track "O.P.P." The matter was settled out of court. Between albums, the group also scored a major hit with the track "Uptown Anthem", from the soundtrack to the 1992 film Juice. Treach also got a cameo acting role in the film, his first acting role. Fellow rapper 2Pac also acted in the movie, and Treach would befriend him. This led to a long acting career for Treach and a long friendship with 2Pac. When 2Pac died in 1996 Treach made a tribute song to him, called "Mourn You Till I Join You."

Later, the group had multiple hits from its third and fourth albums, called 19 Naughty III and Poverty's Paradise respectively. Both albums reached the #1 spot on the R&B;/Hip-Hop Charts. "Hip Hop Hooray" was a success from the album 19 Naughty III. Its video was directed by Spike Lee and featured other hip-hop artists popular in the early 1990s, including Queen Latifah, Eazy-E, Run-D.M.C., and Da Youngstas. Poverty's Paradise won the Grammy Award in 1996 for Best Rap Album, becoming the first album to win this award. It also spawned a hit song in "Feel Me Flow" which peaked at #17 on the Billboard Hot 100. They are currently working together on their next album, which will be titled Anthem Inc. In April 2010 they released the song "Get to Know Me Better", featuring rapper Pitbull, as the first single from their upcoming album. The B-side of the single was called "I Gotta Lotta". The album is set for release in May 2011.

In later years, Naughty by Nature started their own music imprint, Illtown Records, and released an album from their proteges the Rottin Razkals. The group (mainly Kay Gee) worked closely with a number of R&B; groups over the years particularly Zhane and Next.

They also perform former WWE Executive Vice President of Global Media Shane McMahon's entrance song "Here Comes the Money".

On June 11th 2011, Naughty By Nature became the first hip-hop group to perform at the esteemed baseball ground Fenway Park. They performed Hip Hop Hooray as part of the mega boyband NKOTBSB's concert.

Discography

Independent Leaders (as The New Style) (1989)

Naughty by Nature (1991)

19 Naughty III (1993)

Poverty's Paradise (1995)

(1999)

IIcons (2002)

Naughty by Nature: Tha Mixtape (2010)

Anthem Inc. (May 2011)

References

External links

Official site

Naughty by Nature discography at Music City

[ Naughty by Nature] at Allmusic

Naughty By Nature at Twitter.com

Category:American hip hop groups Category:Hip hop record producers Category:Musical groups from New Jersey Category:Tommy Boy Records artists Category:Musical groups established in 1989 Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Rappers from New Jersey Category:1990s music groups Category:2000s music groups Category:Arista Records artists Category:TVT Records artists

Coordinates	37°46′45.48″N122°25′9.12″N
Name	Miley Cyrus
Background	solo_singer
Full name	Miley Ray Cyrus
Birth name	Destiny Hope Cyrus
Birth date	November 23, 1992
Birth place	pop rock, country pop, electropop
Occupation	Actress, author, entrepreneur, fashion designer, singer-songwriter, musician, dancer
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano
Years active	2001–present
Label	Hollywood, Fascination (UK), Avex (Japan)
Associated acts	Billy Ray Cyrus
Url	Signature of Miley Cyrus.

Miley Ray Cyrus (born Destiny Hope Cyrus; November 23, 1992) is an American actress and pop singer-songwriter. She achieved wide fame for her role as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana on the Disney Channel sitcom Hannah Montana. Cyrus recorded music for the soundtracks, Hannah Montana (2006) and Hannah Montana 2/Meet Miley Cyrus (2007), released by Walt Disney Records. With the success of the Hannah Montana franchise she established herself as a teen idol. In 2007, Cyrus signed to Hollywood Records to pursue a solo career. She embarked upon the Best of Both Worlds Tour the same year, in which she performed as both herself and in character as Hannah Montana. The tour was eventually turned into a high-grossing concert film entitled (2008). In July 2008, Cyrus released her first solo album, Breakout (2008), which was commercially successful.

She began her foray into film by providing the voice of "Penny" in the animated film Bolt (2008). Cyrus earned a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for her performance of Bolts theme song, "I Thought I Lost You". She also reprised her role as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana in (2009). The introduced her to new audiences within country and adult contemporary markets.

She began to cultivate an adult image in 2009 with the release of The Time of Our Lives (2009), an extended play which presented a more mainstream pop sound, and by filming The Last Song (2010), a coming-of-age drama film. The former included Cyrus's best-selling single, "Party in the U.S.A." (2009). A studio album titled Can't Be Tamed was released in 2010 and presents a new dance-pop sound. The music video and lyrics of the album's lead single, "Can't Be Tamed", portrays a more sexualized image for the entertainer. Cyrus ranked number thirteen on Forbes 2010 Celebrity 100. In April 2011, Cyrus was named the 64th hottest woman in the world on Maxim's Hot 100. In May 2011, Cyrus was also named the 89th sexiest woman in the world on FHM's 100 Sexiest Women in the world.

Early life

Cyrus was born on November 23, 1992 in Nashville, Tennessee to Tish (born Finley) and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus. Cyrus suffers from a mild heart condition causing tachycardia which, though not dangerous, is often bothersome. She is of Irish, Scottish, English, French, Welsh, Dutch and Cherokee ancestry.

Against the wishes of her father's record company, Tish had two children from a previous relationship: Trace and Brandi. Billy Ray adopted Trace and Brandi when they were young. She has a half-brother, Christopher Cody, Billy Ray's son from a brief relationship, born the same year as Miley; he grew up with his mother in South Carolina. Tish and Billy Ray had two more children, Braison and Noah. Cyrus's godmother is entertainer Dolly Parton. Cyrus was very close to her paternal grandfather, Democratic politician Ronald Ray Cyrus. Cyrus has paid her grandfather several tributes since his death in 2006, including eventually changing her middle name to "Ray". According to Cyrus's father, "A lot of people say Miley changed her name to Miley Ray because of Billy Ray, but that's not true. She did that in honor of my dad, because the two of them just loved each other to pieces." and attended Heritage Elementary School. She was raised Christian and was baptized in a Southern Baptist church prior to moving to Hollywood in 2005. She attended church regularly while growing up and wore a purity ring. Several of Cyrus's siblings also eventually entered the entertainment business: Trace became a vocalist and guitarist for the electronic pop band Metro Station, Noah became an actress, and Brandi became a guitarist.

Career

2001–05: Early work

In 2001, when Cyrus was eight, she and her family moved to Toronto, Canada while her father filmed the television series Doc. Cyrus said watching her father film the show inspired her to pursue acting. After Billy Ray took her to see a 2001 Mirvish production of Mamma Mia! at the Royal Alexandra Theatre, Cyrus grabbed his arm and told him, "This is what I want to do, daddy. I want to be an actress." She began taking singing and acting classes at the Armstrong Acting Studio in Toronto. In her first role, Cyrus played a girl named Kylie on Doc. After sending in a new tape and flying to Hollywood for further auditions, However, her persistence and ability to sing in addition to act led the show's producers to invite her back for further auditions. Cyrus eventually received the lead, renamed "Miley Stewart" after herself, at the age of twelve. During this time, she also auditioned with Taylor Lautner for the feature film The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D and it came down to her and another actress, but Cyrus started doing Hannah Montana instead.

As Cyrus's career took off, Tish Cyrus made several critical decisions regarding her daughter's representation. She signed Cyrus with Mitchell Gossett, director of the youth division at Cunningham Escott Slevin Doherty. Gossett, who specializes in creating child stars, had arranged for Cyrus's auditions for Hannah Montana and is credited with "discovering" her. For Cyrus's music career, Tish followed the advice of Dolly Parton, Cyrus's godmother and a singer herself, and signed Cyrus with Jason Morey of Morey Management Group. "Dolly said the Moreys are people you can trust around your daughter," Tish Cyrus recalls, "and she said they have good morals, which is not always the case in this business." Tish also recruited Billy Ray's business manager to manage her daughter's finances. Tish herself continues to co-manage or produce many of Cyrus's career decisions. and studied with a private tutor on the set of her television show.

2006–07: Hannah Montana and Meet Miley Cyrus

on the Best of Both Worlds Tour]]

Hannah Montana became an instant hit and propelled Cyrus to teen idol status, according to The Daily Telegraph. The series premiered on March 26, 2006 to the largest audience ever for a Disney Channel show and soon became one of the highest-rated series on basic cable, elevating Cyrus's wealth and fame along with it. Time magazine reports that Cyrus's "phenom[enal]" success is due partially to her talent and partially to "Disney learning to use its vast, multimedia holdings" and market Cyrus and Hannah Montana appropriately. Cyrus eventually became the first artist to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music within The Walt Disney Company. "The Best of Both Worlds" is credited to "Hannah Montana", the pop star Cyrus portrays on the series by the same name. As with other songs credited to Montana, Cyrus typically dressed as the character when performing the song live. Cyrus's first release under her own name was a cover of James Baskett's "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah", released on April 4, 2006 on the fourth edition of DisneyMania. Dressed as Hannah Montana, Cyrus opened for The Cheetah Girls on twenty dates of their The Party's Just Begun Tour, beginning on September 15, 2006. On October 24 of same year, Walt Disney Records released the first Hannah Montana soundtrack. Of the nine tracks on the soundtrack performed by Cyrus, eight were credited to "Hannah Montana" and one, a duet with her father titled "I Learned from You", was credited to Cyrus as herself. The album peaked at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart.

The second season of Hannah Montana premiered on April 23, 2007, and ran until October 12, 2008. Cyrus signed a four-album deal with Disney-owned Hollywood Records and, on June 26, 2007, released a double-disc album. The first disc was the soundtrack to the second season of Hannah Montana, while the second, titled Meet Miley Cyrus, was Cyrus's debut album credited to her own name. The double-disc album peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 and was later certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Meet Miley Cyrus generated "See You Again", Cyrus's first single to be released under her own name and her first top ten hit on the Billboard Hot 100. In Fall 2007, Cyrus launched her first tour, the Best of Both Worlds Tour, to promote Meet Miley Cyrus and the Hannah Montana soundtracks. With the Jonas Brothers, Aly & AJ, and Everlife as her opening acts, Cyrus toured from October 17, 2007 to January 31, 2008 with stops in the U.S. and Canada. Tickets sold out in minutes and were scalped for up to $2,500 and an average of $214, well above their $26–$65 face value. A Ticketmaster official commented, "Hell hath no fury like the parent of a child throwing a tantrum. People who have been in this business for a long time are watching what's happening, and they say there hasn't been a demand of this level or intensity since The Beatles or Elvis."

2008–09: Breakout, transitions and film career launch

.]] After the end of the Best of Both Worlds Tour in January 2008, Walt Disney Pictures released , a 3D concert film of the tour, on February 1, 2008 for what was expected to be a one-week run. The film earned over $31 million at the box-office and an average of $42,000 per theater, twice the expected total, convincing Disney executives to extend the release for an indefinite run. "We don't want to turn away kids from the theaters who couldn't get into the concerts," said Chuck Viane, Disney's chief of distribution. The was released by Walt Disney Records/Hollywood Records on March 11, 2008 and peaked at number three on the Billboard 200.

On July 22, 2008, Cyrus released her second studio album under her own name, entitled Breakout. Cyrus said Breakout was inspired by "what's been going on in my life in the past year." Cyrus co-wrote eight out of twelve songs on the album. The album debuted at #1 on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart and its lead single, "7 Things", peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Hot 100. She hosted the 2008 CMT Music Awards with her father in April and the 2008 Teen Choice Awards by herself in August. Cyrus provided the voice of Penny in the 2008 computer-animated film Bolt, which was released on November 21, 2008 to critical acclaim. Cyrus also co-wrote and recorded the song "I Thought I Lost You" as a duet with John Travolta for the film, for which she received a Golden Globe nomination. In September 2009, she participated in the charity single "Just Stand Up!" in support of the anti-cancer campaign Stand Up to Cancer and in the City of Hope Benefit Concert in support of cancer research and training programs. She also became involved in Disney's Friends for Change, an environmentalist group, for which she recorded the charity single "Send It On" along with several other Disney Channel stars.

Cyrus had already begun transitioning to a more grown-up image in late 2008, when her representatives negotiated a deal for novelist Nicholas Sparks to write the screenplay and novel basis for a film that would serve as a star vehicle for Cyrus by introducing her to audiences older than the young fans she had gained through Hannah Montana. Sparks and co-writer Jeff Van Wie developed The Last Song. In March 2009, Cyrus published Miles To Go, a memoir co-written by Hilary Liftin chronicling her life through age sixteen. Cyrus starred as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana in , released April 10, 2009. Both the film and its soundtrack, which contained twelve songs performed by Cyrus, achieved commercial success. The soundtrack's lead single, "The Climb", became a Top 40 hit in twelve countries and introduced Cyrus to listeners outside her typical teen pop audience. Cyrus had considered ending Hannah Montana after its third season, which finished production on June 5, 2009, but Disney retained and exercised its option for a fourth season.

Production on The Last Song lasted from June 15, 2009 to August 18, 2009. In between, Cyrus launched the third Hannah Montana soundtrack, recorded the extended play The Time of Our Lives, and released the EP's lead single, "Party in the U.S.A." Cyrus said The Time of Our Lives "is a transitioning album. [...] really to introduce people to what I want my next record to sound like and with time I will be able to do that a little more." "Party in the U.S.A." debuted at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 for her best-ever ranking on the chart. The Time of Our Lives was released in conjunction with a clothing line co-designed by Cyrus and Max Azria for Walmart.

From September 14, 2009 to December 29, 2010, Cyrus toured on her Wonder World Tour to promote Breakout and The Time of Our Lives. On December 7, 2009, Cyrus performed for Queen Elizabeth II and numerous other members of the British Royal Family at the Royal Variety Performance in Blackpool, North West England.

2010: Can't Be Tamed and focus on film career

Production on the fourth and final season of Hannah Montana began on January 18, 2010. In the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Cyrus appeared on the charity singles "" and "Everybody Hurts". Her third studio album, Can't Be Tamed, was released on June 21, 2010. The album's first single is the title track, "Can't Be Tamed". The single was released for sale on May 18, 2010 and entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number eight. Cyrus's costumes and dances while promoting Can't Be Tamed were also considerably more provocative than previous performances, arousing media criticism. After releasing the album, Cyrus intends to take a break from the music industry in order to focus on her film career. She commented, "I've not taken, like, acting lessons or anything, but it doesn't mean I don't need to because I'm sure I do [...] I'm probably going to go book an acting coach." Cyrus has also decided to opt out of college for the same reason, saying "I'm a firm believer that you can go back at any age you want, because my Grandma went back to college at 62 [...] For right now, I really want to focus on my career. I've worked hard to get to where I am now, and I want to enjoy it while it lasts."

Cyrus starred in The Last Song, which was released on March 31, 2010, and received generally poor reviews, as did Cyrus's performance. Nonetheless, the film was commercially successful, grossing more than $88 million at the worldwide box office. According to box-office analyst Exhibitor Relations, the film marked "a successful transition to adult roles for Miley Cyrus."

The fourth and final season of Hannah Montana began airing on Disney Channel on July 11, 2010 and was ended on January 16, 2011.

As of December 2010, Cyrus is set to star in two more films, and So Undercover. In LOL, a remake of a 2008 French teen comedy, Cyrus plays "a daughter who is involved with all the wrong kids, doing drugs, failing school, but [...whose] mother has her on this perfect pedestal" and says "[She] just fell in love with the story." Miley's character loses her virginity, smokes cannabis, gets wasted and kisses two girlfriends on the lips. She will also star in So Undercover, an action comedy film. Cyrus will play the part of "a tough, street-smart private eye hired by the FBI to go undercover in a college sorority." She will learn street fighting for the role..

Cyrus hosted Saturday Night Live on March 5, 2011, where she performed in several sketches. She also sang a brief song about her several controversies, such as the bong incident, the photo of her friend and she eating a Twizzler, and the "pole dance" on a hotel pole at the Teen Choice Awards, stating "I'm sorry that I'm not perfect."

In March 2011, father Billy Ray Cyrus confirmed on talk show, The View, that Miley had been in talks with producer Dr. Luke on a new album, despite her earlier announcement that she'd be focusing more on acting in the future.

From April 29, 2011 to July 2, 2011, Cyrus is touring on her Gypsy Heart Tour to promote her album Can't Be Tamed.

Earnings

In 2008, Cyrus earned $25 million, up from her earnings of $18 million in 2007, and was ranked number 35 on Forbes magazine's "Celebrity 100" list. Parade magazine reported she was the richest teenage celebrity and that her franchise would be worth approximately $1 billion by the end of the year. In 2009, Forbes ranked her #29 on the Celebrity 100 and reported she had earned a total of $25 million. Then Cyrus got ranked number thirteen on Forbes 2010 Celebrity 100 ranking $48 million. between june 2010 and june 2011, cyrus earned $54 million.

Image and personal life

.]] With Cyrus's increased success came increased media attention. In a May 2008 interview with The Los Angeles Times, Francois Navarre, the proprietor of the X17 photo agency, said Cyrus's market value had picked up considerably after the Vanity Fair photo controversy: "She's started to sell more. [...] It used to be $300, and now it's $2,000 for a picture." Estimates for a picture of the then-15 year old's first kiss ranged from $30,000 to $150,000.

Cyrus celebrated her 16th birthday at Disneyland with a charity fundraiser for Youth Service America, a youth volunteer service organization.

At the end of 2009, Billboard magazine ranked Cyrus the fourth best-selling female artist and the fifth best-selling singer overall.

Cyrus is the youngest recording artist ever with four #1 albums in less than 3 years.

On October 26, 2010, less than a month before Cyrus's eighteenth birthday, her father Billy Ray Cyrus filed for divorce from her mother in Tennessee, citing irreconcilable differences. In a statement made to People the next day announcing the split, the couple said, "As you can imagine, this is a very difficult time for our family... We are trying to work through some personal matters. We appreciate your thoughts and prayers." However, on March 18, 2011, Cyrus's father announced on The View that he had dropped the divorce.

Controversies

In December 2007, a brief controversy emerged when photos Cyrus had posted on her private MySpace account, depicting her and a female friend sharing a piece of licorice and "almost kissing", were spread across the internet, prompting rumors of lesbianism. Cyrus comments, "For me, I was like, That's two girls—it's not a big deal. But they got spread around. Like someone copied and pasted and said, Omigod, look at this, and blah blah blah."

In April 2008, several provocative images of Cyrus in her underwear and swimsuit were leaked onto the web by a teenager who hacked Cyrus's Gmail account. Cyrus described the images as "silly, inappropriate shots" and stated, "I am going to make mistakes and I am not perfect. I never intended for any of this to happen and I am truly sorry if I have disappointed anyone." On April 25, 2008, the televised entertainment program Entertainment Tonight reported that Cyrus, then 15, had posed topless for a photoshoot taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz for Vanity Fair. On April 29, 2008, The New York Times clarified that though the pictures left an impression that she was bare-breasted, Cyrus was wrapped in a bedsheet and was actually not topless. Some parents expressed outrage at the nature of the photograph, which a Disney spokesperson described as "a situation [that] was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines." Gary Marsh, president of entertainment for Disney Channel Worldwide, was quoted by Portfolio magazine to have said, “For Miley Cyrus to be a 'good girl' is now a business decision for her. Parents have invested in her a godliness. If she violates that trust, she won't get it back."

.]] In May 2008, Gossett, Cyrus's longtime acting agent, left Cunningham Escott Slevin Doherty for United Talent Agency, partially with the hope of "giving Cyrus the major-agency backing that would support a widening career", according to The Hollywood Reporter. About a year later in June 2009, Cyrus left both Gossett and UTA, which had recently negotiated her deals for The Last Song and the fourth season of Hannah Montana, and joined the Creative Artists Agency, which had already represented her for music. Nikki Finke, who broke the news, reported, "Is this fair to UTA? Of course not. But I hear the decision was made by Miley's mother Trish Cyrus".

Cyrus's performance of "Party in the U.S.A." at the 2009 Teen Choice Awards incited a media uproar, with some viewers criticizing Cyrus's provocative outfit and inclusion of a brief pole dance as inappropriate for her age, then sixteen, and for her young fans. Conversely, Newsday reported that her sexualization "has been coming for some time." Cyrus was also criticized that year for dating Gaston, five years her senior, and for a photo displaying Cyrus and friends making "slant-eyed" expressions, which the Organization of Chinese Americans claimed was offensive to the Asian community. Cyrus apologized for the photo on her website, defending her actions and saying, "In NO way was I making fun of any ethnicity! I was simply making a goofy face."

Later in 2010, TMZ released a video of Cyrus, then 16, giving Adam Shankman, producer of The Last Song, a lap dance at the film's wrap party. Cyrus's father defended her actions, saying Miley was just "having fun" and that "it's what people her age do". Later that year in December, TMZ released a video of Cyrus, which took place five days after her 18th birthday at her Los Angeles home, in which she is seen smoking from a bong. She claimed she was smoking the psychoactive plant salvia divinorum, although this has not been confirmed by anybody but Cyrus herself. Salvia is legal in the state of California, and Cyrus was of legal age at the time the video was shot. Cyrus's father expressed his sadness regarding the matter on Twitter, saying, "Sorry guys. I had no idea. Just saw this stuff for the first time myself. Im so sad. There is much beyond my control right now".

Relationships

Cyrus told Seventeen magazine that she and Nick Jonas had dated for two years and "were in love", but were "fighting a lot" by the end. In February 2008, Cyrus and her friend opened a YouTube account and began posting videos of what they called The Miley and Mandy Show. The show, described as a "YouTube hit," is said to be filmed for fun by Cyrus and Jiroux and to be entirely their work, with Cyrus and Jiroux editing the footage together.

In June 2009, Cyrus ended her nine-month relationship with model Justin Gaston shortly before flying to Georgia to film The Last Song. While filming later that month, Cyrus began dating her co-star in The Last Song, Australian actor Liam Hemsworth. She later called him her "first serious boyfriend". In August 2010, it was confirmed that her relationship with Hemsworth had ended. Cyrus and Hemsworth were seen together a month later, and were reportedly back together. It was announced in early November that the couple had split again. On March 31, 2011, Miley Cyrus and Liam Hemsworth have reportedly rekindled their relationship.

Filmography

{| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Films ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2003 | Big Fish | Young Ruthie | Film debut |- | 2007 | High School Musical 2 | Girl at pool | Cameo |- | 2008 | | Herself | 3D Concert film |- | 2008 | Bolt | Penny | Voice-over Role |- | 2009 | | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | Based on TV series |- | 2010 | | Veronica "Ronnie" Miller | Film adaption of book |- | 2010 | Sex and the City 2 | Herself | Cameo |- | 2011 | Justin Bieber: Never Say Never | Herself | Cameo |- | 2011 | | Lola | Remake of French film |- | 2011 | So Undercover | Molly | Release: October 13, 2011 |}

{| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Television ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2001–2003 | Doc | Kylie | Recurring role |- | 2006–2011 | Hannah Montana | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | Lead role |- | 2006 | The Suite Life of Zack & Cody | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | "That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana" (Season 2, Episode 20) |- | 2006–2008 | Disney 365 | Herself | In 9 episodes, 2006–2008. |- | 2007 | | Celebrity Star (voice) | "Frog Prince" (Season 2, Episode 5) |- | 2007–2008 | | Yata (voice) | Recurring role |- | 2009 | | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | "Double-Crossed" (Season 1, Episode 21) |- | 2011 | Saturday Night Live | Herself | Host, March 5 episode. |- |}

Discography

;Studio albums

Hannah Montana 2/Meet Miley Cyrus (2007)

Breakout (2008)

Can't Be Tamed (2010)

;Extended Play Albums

The Time of Our Lives (2009)

Tours

Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08)

Wonder World Tour (2009)

Gypsy Heart Tour (2011)

Special Concert

Concert For Hope (2009)

Awards and nominations

List of awards and nominations received by Miley Cyrus

References

Further reading

External links

Miley Cyrus at MTV

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