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1959
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"Weird Al" Yankovic
Alfred Matthew "Weird Al" Yankovic (; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer-songwriter, music producer, actor, comedian, satirist, and a parodist. Yankovic is known in particular for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and that often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts. Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums—more than any other comedy act in history—recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows. His works have earned him three Grammy Awards among nine nominations, four gold records, and six platinum records in the United States. Yankovic's first top ten Billboard album (Straight Outta Lynwood) and single ("White & Nerdy") were both released in 2006, nearly three decades into his career.
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Aidan Quinn
Aidan Quinn (born March 8, 1959) is an Irish/American actor.
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Akihito
:See also Prince Komatsu Akihito, a Japanese general.
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Alan Best (animator)
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Alec Issigonis
Sir Alexander Arnold Constantine Issigonis, CBE, FRS (18 November 1906–2 October 1988) was a Greek-British designer of cars, now remembered chiefly for the groundbreaking and influential development of the Mini, launched by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) in 1959.
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Alex McLeish
Alexander "Alex" McLeish (born 21 January 1959) nicknamed "Big Eck", is a Scottish former professional footballer who is currently manager of Birmingham City. Born in Barrhead, Renfrewshire, McLeish played as a central defender for Aberdeen during their 1980s glory years, making nearly 500 League appearances for the club, and won 77 caps for Scotland.
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Alfie Anido
Alfie Anido (December 31, 1959 – December 30, 1981) was a popular Filipino matinee idol best remembered for his death at the age of 22. He was the eldest of four children of Alberto Anido and Sara Serrano, and was the brother of Albert Anido, another Filipino actor.
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Alison Ramsay
Alison Gail Ramsay (born April 16, 1959 in London, Greater London) is a former Scottish field hockey player, who was a member of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland squad that won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. She's one of the world's most capped women's hockey players, with over 250 appearances for Scotland and Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and received the MBE.
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Allison Janney
Allison Brooks Janney (born November 19, 1959) is an American actress, best known for her role as C. J. Cregg on the television series The West Wing.
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Ana María Polo
Ana María Polo (born on April 11, 1959) is a Cuban-American lawyer and Hispanic television judge on Caso Cerrado. Born in Havana, Cuba, Ana, came to Miami at a young age accompanied by her family. Later, they moved to Puerto Rico where she participated in different musicals such as: Godspell, Jubilee & Showboat in addition to singing with the Chorus of Jubilee, who were invited by Pope Paul VI to sing at St. Peter’s Basilica as part of the celebration of the 1975 Holy Year.
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Andrew Bailey
Andrew Bailey (born March 30, 1959) is the current Executive Director Banking and Chief Cashier at the Bank of England. He was appointed to his current role in January 2004 and has several key responsibilities to fulfil. He is also a member of the Governor's Executive Team, which is the bank's senior management group. Bailey's signature appears underneath the amount in £ on the side with the Queen on all bank notes issued by the bank since his appointment.
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Andrew Eldritch
Andrew Eldritch (born Andrew William Harvey Taylor, 15 May 1959, Ely, Cambridgeshire, England) is the English frontman, singer, songwriter and only remaining original member of The Sisters of Mercy, a band that emerged from the British post punk scene, reoriented gothic rock and, in later years, also flirted with pop and hard rock.
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Andy Dog Johnson
Andy Johnson is the older brother of The The's Matt Johnson. He is an artist best known for designing the record sleeves of The The in the 1980s and 1990s which were produced under the pseudonym Andy Dog. His work has a very distinctive style and often features tortured, grimacing figures coupled with dark, sad themes.
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Ante Pavelić
Ante Pavelić (14 July 1889 – 28 December 1959) was a Croatian fascist politician, war criminal and Axis collaborator. He ruled as Poglavnik of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), a World War II puppet state of Nazi Germany in Axis-occupied Yugoslavia. In the 1930s, he was a founding member and leader of the Croatian fascist ultra-nationalist separatist movement, the Ustaše. In 1941, having been installed by the Axis occupation as leader of a Croat puppet state, he instituted a racial policy that led to genocide over hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews, and Roma in the NDH concentration camps, along with Croat political opponents and resistance members. At the end of the war, Pavelić escaped abroad. He died from wounds caused by an assassination attempt in Madrid on 28 December 1959.
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Anthony Sowell
Anthony Edward Sowell (born August 19, 1959) is an American alleged serial killer. He pleaded guilty to attempted rape in 1989 and served 15 years before his release in 2005. He was arrested in October 2009 as a suspect in the murders of eleven women whose bodies were discovered at his Cleveland, Ohio duplex in the Mt. Pleasant neighborhood. Sowell has been charged with eighty-five counts of murder, rape, and kidnapping; he has pled not guilty by reason of insanity.
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Armin Kogler
Armin Kogler (born 4 September 1959 in Innsbruck) is an Austrian ski jumper who competed from the late 1970s to the mid 1980s. After his surprise win at the FIS Ski-Flying World Championships 1979, Kogler set a new record in Planica (1981) with a leap of 180 meters. He won two overall World Cup victories (1981 and 1982) along with a complete set of medals at the 1982 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with gold in the individual normal hill, a silver in the team large hill, and a bronze in the individual large hill. He would then follow it up with a silver in the team large hill event at the 1985 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Seefeld. Additionally, Kogler won the ski jumping event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1980. Kogler's best Olympic finish was fifth in the individual large hill at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid.
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Arthur Kornberg
Arthur Kornberg (March 3, 1918 – October 26, 2007) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)" together with Dr. Severo Ochoa of New York University. He was also awarded the Paul-Lewis Laboratories Award in Enzyme Chemistry from the American Chemical Society in 1951, L.H.D. degree from Yeshiva University in 1962, as well as National Medal of Science in 1979.
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Arto Salminen
Arto Salminen (22 October 1959, Helsinki – 15 November 2005, Hausjärvi) was a Finnish writer known for his social commentary. Salminen, who had also worked as a journalist and taxi driver, wrote six novels which criticised with a morbid black sense of humour such current phenomena in Finnish society as neoliberalist politics, the decline of the welfare state, tabloid media, reality television and so on. His books gained a small cult following in Finland and they also received excellent reviews even though they did not sell particularly well.
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Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Hepburn ( – ) was a British actress and humanitarian.
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Azali Assoumani
Azali Assoumani (, born January 1, 1959) was a president of the Comoros. He became leader of the country on 30 April 1999 after leading a coup to depose acting president Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde, who he saw as pandering to the independence movement on Anjouan. He won multi-party elections in 2002, prior to which he was constitutionally required to temporarily step down in order to run as a candidate.
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Baby Dodds
Warren "Baby" Dodds (December 24, 1898 – February 14, 1959) was a jazz drummer born in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Badou Ezzaki
Ezzaki Badou, nicknamed "Zaki" (; born 2 April 1959 in Sidi Kacem) was the manager of the Morocco national football team from 2002 to 2005. Before coaching, he was a noted goalkeeper, appearing as the keeper for the Morocco national football team at the 1984 Summer Olympics and at the 1986 FIFA World Cup. He was named by France Football magazine as France Football African Footballer of the Year for 1986. He was coach of KAC of Marrakech in the Moroccan First Division,resigning in November 2007.
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Barbara Krause
MedalCountry|
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Baron Waqa
Baron Divavesi Waqa (b. December 31, 1959) is a Nauruan politician and composer.
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Barry Blanchard
Barry Blanchard (born March 29, 1959 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada) is one of North America's top alpinists, noted for pushing the standards of highly technical, high-risk alpine climbing in the Canadian Rockies and the Himalayas.
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Barthélemy Boganda
Barthélemy Boganda (4 April 1910 – 29 March 1959) was the leading nationalist politician of what is now the Central African Republic. Boganda was active prior to his country's independence, during the period when the area, part of French Equatorial Africa, was administered by France under the name of Oubangui-Chari. He served as the first Prime Minister of the Central African Republic autonomous territory.
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Beijing
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Ben Elton
Benjamin Charles "Ben" Elton (born 3 May 1959) is a London-born comedian, author, playwright and television director. He was a leading figure in the British alternative comedy movement of the 1980s, as a writer on such cult series as The Young Ones and Blackadder and as well as a successful stand-up comedian on stage and TV. He was a high-profile frontman of 1980s left-wing political satire. Since then he has published over twelve novels and more lately become known for writing the musical We Will Rock You (2002) and Love Never Dies (2010), the sequel to Phantom of the Opera.
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Ben Linder
Benjamin Ernest "Ben" Linder (July 7, 1959 – April 28, 1987), was a young American engineer who was working on a small hydroelectric dam in rural northern Nicaragua when he was killed by anti-government Contra rebels. Coming at a time when U.S. support for the Contras was already highly controversial, Linder's death made front-page headlines around the world and further polarized opinion in the United States.
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Benjamin Sehene
Benjamin Sehene (born 1959) is a Rwandan author whose work primarily focuses on questions of identity and the events surrounding the Rwandan genocide. He has spent much of life in Canada and France.
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Benny Fields
Benny (Bennie) Fields (born: Benjamin Geisenfeld) (June 14, 1894 – August 16, 1959) was a popular singer of the early 20th century, best known as one-half of the Blossom Seeley-Benny Fields vaudeville team
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Bernard Berenson
Bernard Berenson (June 26, 1865 – October 6, 1959) was an American art historian specializing in the Renaissance. He was a major figure in pioneering art attribution and therefore establishing the market for paintings by the "Old Masters".
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Bernd Schuster
Bernhard Schuster (born 22 December 1959 in Augsburg) is a German football manager and former player, currently managing Turkish Super Lig side Beşiktaş. His nickname is "der Blonde Engel" (the Blonde Angel).
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Berry Gordy
Berry Gordy, Jr. (born November 28, 1929) is an American record producer, and the founder of the Motown record label, as well as its many subsidiaries.
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Billie Holiday
Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959) was an American jazz singer and songwriter. Nicknamed "Lady Day" by her friend and musical partner Lester Young, Holiday was a seminal influence on jazz and pop singing. Her vocal style, strongly inspired by jazz instrumentalists, pioneered a new way of manipulating phrasing and tempo. Above all, she was admired worldwide for her deeply personal, intimate approach to singing.
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Billy Childish
Billy Childish (born Steven John Hamper, 1 December 1959) is an English artist, painter, author, poet, photographer, film maker, singer and guitarist. He is known for his explicit and prolific work — he has detailed his love life and childhood sexual abuse, notably in his early poetry and the novels My Fault (1996), Notebooks of a Naked Youth (1997), Sex Crimes of the Futcher (2004) — The Idiocy of Idears (2007), and in several of his songs, notably in the instrumental Peodaphile, Clawfist Records (1992)
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Billy Gillispie
Billy Clyde Gillispie (, , born November 7, 1959), also known by his initials BCG, is an American college men's basketball coach, most recently at the University of Kentucky.
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Billy Mayerl
Billy Joseph Mayerl (May 31, 1902- March 25, 1959), was an English pianist and composer who built a career in music hall and musical theatre and became an acknowledged master of light music. Best known for his syncopated novelty piano solos, he wrote over 300 piano pieces, many of which were named after flowers and trees, including his best known composition, Marigold (1927).
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Blind Willie McTell
Blind Willie McTell (May 5, 1898 – August 19, 1959) was an influential African-American blues musician and songwriter, who sang and accompanied himself on the guitar. He was a twelve-string finger picking Piedmont blues guitarist, and recorded 149 songs between 1927 and 1956.
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Boris Vian
Boris Vian (10 March 1920 – 23 June 1959) was a French polymath: writer, poet, musician, singer, translator, critic, actor, inventor and engineer. He is best remembered today for his novels. Those published under the pseudonym Vernon Sullivan were bizarre parodies of criminal fiction, highly controversial at the time of their release. Vian's other fiction, published under his real name, featured a highly individual writing style with numerous madeup words, subtle wordplay and surrealistic plots. ''L'Écume des jours'' is the best known of these works, and one of the few translated into English.
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Boughera El Ouafi
MedalCountry|
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Brad Wellman
Brad Eugene Wellman (born August 17, 1959, in Lodi, California) was a Major League Baseball infielder.
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Brian Lenihan, Jnr
Brian Joseph Lenihan (born 21 May 1959) is an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He is the current Minister for Finance and a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin West constituency. He previously served as Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, as did his father, Brian Lenihan, Snr.
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Brian P. Cleary
Brian P. Cleary, (born October 1, 1959 in Lakewood, Ohio) is an American humorist, poet, and author. He is best-known for his books that explore grammar in humorous ways written for grade-school children.
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Brian Setzer
Brian Setzer (born April 10, 1959) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter. He first found widespread success in the early 1980s with the 1950s-style rockabilly revival group The Stray Cats, and revitalized his career in the late 1990s with a jazz-oriented big band.
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Brian Williams
Brian Douglas Williams (born May 5, 1959) is the American anchor and managing editor of NBC Nightly News, the evening news program of the NBC television network, a position he assumed in 2004. Williams was listed among ''Time Magazine's'' 100 Most Influential People in The World in 2007, and in 2010, a prominent media observer dubbed him "the Walter Cronkite of the 21st century." He lives in New Canaan, Connecticut, with his wife, Jane Stoddard Williams, one of their two children (Doug Williams), and two dogs.
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Bryan Adams
Bryan Adams, OC, OBC (born Bryan Guy Adams, 5 November 1959) is a Canadian rock singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and photographer.
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Buddy Holly
'''Charles Hardin Holley
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Camilo Cienfuegos
Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarán (February 6, 1932 – October 28, 1959) was a Cuban revolutionary born in Lawton, Havana City. Raised in an anarchist family that had fled Spain during the Spanish Civil War, he became a key figure of the Cuban Revolution, along with Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Juan Almeida Bosque, and Raúl Castro.
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Carl Switzer
Carl Dean "Alfalfa" Switzer (August 7, 1927 – January 21, 1959) was an American child actor, professional dog breeder and hunting guide, most notable for appearing in the Our Gang short subjects series as Alfalfa, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters.
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Carlo Ancelotti
Carlo Ancelotti (born 10 June 1959 in Reggiolo, Reggio Emilia) is an Italian retired footballer and current manager of Chelsea.
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Catherine Keener
Catherine Ann Keener (born March 23, 1959) is an American actress. She has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress twice, for Being John Malkovich (1999) and Capote (2005).
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Cecil B. DeMille
Cecil Blount DeMille (August 12, 1881 – January 21, 1959) was an American film director and Academy Award-winning film producer in both silent and sound films. He was renowned for the flamboyance and showmanship of his movies. Among his best-known films are The Ten Commandments (1956), Cleopatra (1934), and The Greatest Show on Earth (1952), which won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
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Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (, or ; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969.
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Charles Kennedy
Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959) is a British politician; from 9 August 1999 until 7 January 2006, he was the Leader of the Liberal Democrats, the third largest political party in the United Kingdom.
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Charles Lawson
Charles Lawson (born 17 September 1959) is an Northern Irish film and television actor.
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Charles Starkweather
Charles Raymond Starkweather (November 24, 1938 – June 25, 1959, though his first tombstone carried 11/25 as his birthdate) was an American spree killer who murdered eleven people in Nebraska and Wyoming during a two-month road trip with his 14-year-old girlfriend Caril Ann Fugate. The couple was captured on January 29, 1958. Starkweather was executed five months later, while Fugate served 17 years in prison.
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Charles Vidor
Charles Vidor (July 27, 1900 – June 4, 1959) was a film director.
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Charlton Heston
Charlton Heston (October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor of film, theatre and television.
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Che Guevara
Ernesto "Che" Guevara (; June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as El Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat, military theorist, and major figure of the Cuban Revolution. Since his death, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol and global insignia within popular culture.
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Chester M. Ovnand
Master Sergeant Chester Melvin Ovnand (September 8, 1914 - July 8, 1959) is listed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial as the second American killed in the Vietnam War.
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Chris Lowe
Chris Lowe (born Christopher Sean Lowe on 4 October 1959) is a British musician, who, with colleague Neil Tennant, makes up the successful pop duo the Pet Shop Boys.
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Christa Luding
sportsperson
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Christina Amphlett
Christine Joy Amphlett (born 25 October 1959 in Geelong, Victoria, Australia) is the lead singer of Australian rock band Divinyls. She is also known as Chrissy Amphlett.
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Clancy Brown
Clarence J. "Clancy" Brown III (born January 5, 1959) is an American actor and voice actor known for his roles as Byron Hadley in the award winning The Shawshank Redemption and Career Sergeant Zim in Starship Troopers. He is perhaps best known for his role as the Kurgan in the cult classic Highlander. Brown also works extensively as a voice actor in animated TV series, notably portraying Lex Luthor on and Justice League/Justice League Unlimited as well as Mr. Krabs on SpongeBob SquarePants.
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Claude Grahame White
Claude Grahame White (August 21, 1879 – August 19, 1959) was an English pioneer of aviation, and the first to make a night flight, during the Daily Mail sponsored 1910 London to Manchester air race.
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Clint Howard
Clinton Evan "Clint" Howard (born April 20, 1959) is an American film and television actor. He is a character actor with numerous brief appearances on television and films, usually noted for his unusual appearance. He has played many bit parts in movies directed by his brother, actor-turned-director Ron Howard. He is also the uncle of actress Bryce Dallas Howard.
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Dalai Lama
The Dalai Lama (; ) is a Buddhist leader of religious officials of the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" branch of Tibetan Buddhism. The name is a combination of the Mongolian word Далай "Dalai" meaning "Ocean" and the Tibetan word བླ་མ ་"Blama" (with a silent b) meaning "chief" or "high priest." "Lama" is a general term referring to Tibetan Buddhist teachers. In religious terms, the Dalai Lama is believed by his devotees to be the rebirth of a long line of tulkus who descend from the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. Traditionally, he is thought of as the latest reincarnation of a series of spiritual leaders who have chosen to be reborn in order to enlighten others. The Dalai Lama is often thought to be the director of the Gelug School, but this position belongs officially to the Ganden Tripa, which is a temporary position appointed by the Dalai Lama who, in practice, exerts much influence.
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Dale R. Buis
U.S. Army Major Dale Richard Buis (August 29, 1921 – July 8, 1959) used to be the first name listed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
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Daler Nazarov
Daler Nazarov (Тоҷикӣ: Далер Назаров) (born on September 8, 1959) is a Tajik/Pamiri composer, singer and actor.
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Danny Ainge
Daniel Ray "Danny" Ainge (born March 17, 1959 in Eugene, Oregon) is an American retired professional basketball and baseball player who is currently the President of Basketball Operations for the Boston Celtics of the NBA. He played 14 seasons in the NBA for the Celtics, Sacramento Kings, Portland Trail Blazers, and Phoenix Suns, and briefly also in Major League Baseball for parts of three seasons with the Toronto Blue Jays before he switched sports.
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Dave Coulier
David Alan "Dave" Coulier (born September 21, 1959) is an American stand-up comedian, impressionist, television and voice actor, and television host. He is well-known for his role as Joey Gladstone on the ABC sitcom Full House, which ran from 1987 to 1995.
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David Hyde Pierce
David Hyde Pierce (born April 3, 1959) is an American actor and comedian best known for playing psychiatrist Dr. Niles Crane on the NBC sitcom Frasier.
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Dennis Gentry
Dennis Louis Gentry (born February 10, 1959 in Lubbock, Texas) is a former professional American football player who was selected by the Chicago Bears in the 4th round of the 1982 NFL Draft. He spent his entire 11-year NFL career with the Bears from 1982 to 1992, and was a part of the Bears team that was victorious in Super Bowl XX versus the New England Patriots. He was also a member of the "Chicago Bears Shufflin' Crew" in the video "The Super Bowl Shuffle," which featured him pantomiming on the bass.
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Dominique Dunne
Dominique Ellen Dunne (November 23, 1959 – November 4, 1982) was an American actress.
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Don McLean
Donald McLean, Jr. (born October 2, 1945, New Rochelle, New York) is an American singer-songwriter. He is most famous for the 1971 album American Pie, containing the renowned songs "American Pie" and "Vincent".
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas – March 28, 1969), at Walter Reed Army Hospital, in Washington D. C. was a five-star general in the United States Army and the 34th President of the United States, from 1953 until 1961, and the last to be born in the 19th century. During World War II, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe, with responsibility for planning and supervising the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45, from the Western Front. In 1951, he became the first supreme commander of NATO.
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Ebrahim Hakimi
Ebrahim Hakimi (August 15, 1863 – October 19, 1959) was a Prime Minister of Iran.
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Ed Viesturs
Edmund Viesturs, known as Ed Viesturs, (Fort Wayne, Indiana, June 22, 1959) is one of the world's premier high-altitude mountaineers. He is one of only 22 people and the only American to have climbed all eight-thousander peaks. He has summited peaks of more than 8,000 meters for a total of 21 times, including Mount Everest seven times, which makes him the second person with most total summits, only behind the Basque climber Juanito Oiarzabal who has reached 24 summits.
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Edmund Goulding
Edmund Goulding (20 March 1891 - 24 December 1959) was a British film writer and director. Goulding is best remembered for directing cultured dramas and such as Grand Hotel (1932) with Greta Garbo and Joan Crawford, Dark Victory (1939) with Bette Davis, and ''The Razor's Edge (1946) with Gene Tierney and Tyrone Power. He also directed the classic film noir Nightmare Alley (1947) with Tyrone Power and Joan Blondell, and the action drama The Dawn Patrol''. He was also a successful songwriter, composer, and producer.
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Edmund Gwenn
Edmund Gwenn (26 September 1877 – 6 September 1959) was an English theatre and film actor.
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Edna Wallace Hopper
Edna Wallace Hopper (January 17, 1872 - December 14, 1959), was an American actress on stage and in silent films.
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Edwin Balmer
Edwin Balmer (July 26, 1883 - March 21, 1959) was an American science fiction and mystery writer. He was born in Chicago to Helen Clark (Pratt) and Thomas Balmer. In 1909, he married Katharine MacHarg, sister of the writer William MacHarg. After her death, he married Grace A. Kee in 1927.
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Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was an Orcadian poet, novelist and translator born on a farm in Deerness with spectacularly panoramic views around Copinsay island, topped by its lighthouse. His mother was born in Deerness too,at Hacco, remembered in the autobography as HacoOrkney Islands. Remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry in plain, unostentatious language with few stylistic preoccupations.
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Elisha Scott
Elisha Scott (24 August 1894 – 16 May 1959) was an Irish football goalkeeper who most notably played for Liverpool from 1912 to 1934 (still holding the record as their longest-serving player).
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Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926) is the reigning queen and head of state of 16 independent sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. In addition, as Head of the Commonwealth, she is the figurehead of the 54-member Commonwealth of Nations and, as the British monarch, she is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.
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Emeril Lagasse
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Emilio Gino Segrè
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Empress Michiko
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Enrique Guaita
Enrique Guaita (11 July 1910 – 18 May 1959) commonly known as "Enrico Guaita" was an Italian Argentine footballer who played for both Argentina and Italy. He won the World Cup in 1934 with Italy.
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Errol Flynn
Errol Leslie Flynn (20 June 1909 – 14 October 1959) was an Australian-born American actor. He was known for his romantic swashbuckler roles in Hollywood films and his flamboyant lifestyle.
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Erving Goffman
Erving Goffman (June 11, 1922 – November 19, 1982), was a Canadian born sociologist and writer.
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Ethel Barrymore
Ethel Barrymore (August 15, 1879 – June 18, 1959) was an American actress and a member of the Barrymore family of actors.
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Ettore Messina
Ettore Messina (born September 30, 1959 in Catania, Sicily) is an Italian basketball coach. In June 2009, he became head coach at the Spanish Liga ACB club Real Madrid. He had previously been the head coach of CSKA Moscow in the Russian League. He has won 4 Euroleague championships as a head coach.
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Evo Morales
Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born October 26, 1959), popularly known as Evo (), has been the President of Bolivia since 2006.
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Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban politician. One of the primary leaders of the Cuban Revolution, Castro served as the Prime Minister of Cuba from February 1959 to December 1976, and then as the President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of Council of Ministers of Cuba until his resignation from the office in February 2008. He currently serves as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, a position he has held since 1965.
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Flavor Flav
William Jonathan Drayton, Jr. (born March 16, 1959), better known by his stage name Flavor Flav, is an American rapper, television star, and member of the rap group Public Enemy. He is also known for popularizing the role of the hype man and for yelling "Yeah boy!" and "Flavor Flav!" during performances.
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Frank Lloyd Wright
Frank Lloyd Wright (born Frank Lincoln Wright, June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, interior designer, writer and educator, who designed more than 1,000 projects, which resulted in more than 500 completed works.
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Frank Shannon
Frank Connolly Shannon (July 27, 1874 - February 1, 1959) was an Irish-born actor and writer.
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Fred Couples
Frederick Steven Couples (born October 3, 1959) is an American professional golfer who competes on the PGA Tour and Champions Tour. A former World No. 1, he has won numerous events, most notably the Masters Tournament in 1992.
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Fred Stone
Fred Andrew Stone (August 19, 1873 – March 6, 1959) was an American actor. Stone began his career as a performer in circuses and minstrel shows, went on to act on vaudeville, and became a star on Broadway and in feature films, which earned him a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
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Fruit Chan
Fruit Chan Gor (), born April 15, 1959 in Guangdong, China, is an independent Hong Kong screenwriter, filmmaker and producer, who is best known for his style of film reflecting the everyday life of Hong Kong people. He is well known for using amateur actors (such as Sam Lee in Made in Hong Kong, Wong Yau-Nam in Hollywood Hong Kong) in his films. His name became familiar to many Hong Kongers only after the success of the 1997 film Made in Hong Kong, which earned many local and international awards.
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Fulgencio Batista
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban President, dictator, and military leader closely aligned with and supported by the United States. He served as the leader of Cuba from 1933–1944, and 1952–1959, before being overthrown as a result of the Cuban Revolution.
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Galaktion Tabidze
Galaktion Tabidze () (November 17, 1891 – March 17, 1959) was a leading Georgian poet of the twentieth century whose writings profoundly influenced all subsequent generations of Georgian poets. He survived Stalin's Great Purge of the 1930s, which claimed lives of many of his fellow writers, friends and relatives, but came under heavy pressure from the Soviet authorities. Those tragic years plunged him into depression and alcoholism. He was eventually placed in a psychiatric hospital in Tbilisi, where he committed suicide.
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George Antheil
George Antheil (July 8, 1900 – February 12, 1959) was an American avant-garde composer, pianist, author and inventor. A self-described "Bad Boy of Music", his modernist compositions amazed and appalled listeners in Europe and the US during the 1920s with its cacophonous celebration of mechanical devices. Returning permanently to the US in the 1930s, he turned to writing film-scores in Hollywood and his various compositions for the concert hall, the ballet and films became more tonal. A man of wide interests, Antheil researched female endocrinology, wrote a mystery novel and newspaper advice and music columns, and with the actress Hedy Lamarr patented a frequency-hopping torpedo guidance system.
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George Grosz
George Grosz (July 26, 1893 – July 6, 1959) was a German artist known especially for his savagely caricatural drawings of Berlin life in the 1920s. He was a prominent member of the Berlin Dada and New Objectivity group during the Weimar Republic before he emigrated to the United States in 1933.
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George Marshall
George Catlett Marshall (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense. Once noted as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II, Marshall served as the United States Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief military adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. As Secretary of State, his name was given to the Marshall Plan, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.
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George Reeves
George Reeves (January 5, 1914 – June 16, 1959) was an American actor best known for his role as Superman in the 1950s television program Adventures of Superman.
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Gerard Hoffnung
Gerard Hoffnung (22 March 192525 September 1959) was an artist and musician, best known for his humorous works.
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Gerina Dunwich
Gerina Dunwich (b. December 27, 1959, Illinois, United States) is a professional astrologer, occult historian, and New Age author, best known for her books on Wicca and various occult subjects. She is also involved in paranormal research and is the founder of the Paranormal Animal Research Group, which investigates cases of alleged hauntings by animal spirits.
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Gilda Gray
Gilda Gray (October 24, 1901 – December 22, 1959) was a Polish born American actress and dancer who became famous in the US for popularizing a dance called the "shimmy" which became fashionable in 1920s films and theater productions.
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Giovanni di Lorenzo
Giovanni di Lorenzo (born March 9, 1959) is a German-Italian journalist. Editor-in-chief (since 2004) of German nationwide weekly newspaper DIE ZEIT and former editor-in-chief of Berlin's liberal daily newspaper Der Tagesspiegel (1999-2004; has since retained the position of publisher). Additionally di Lorenzo is a prominent talk show host for the Radio Bremen show 3nach9 airing monthly on NDR.
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Grant Withers
Grant Withers (January 17, 1905, Pueblo, Colorado – March 27, 1959, North Hollywood, Los Angeles, California), born Granville G. Withers, was a prolific American film actor with a sizeable body of work.
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Greg Proops
Gregory Everett "Greg" Proops (born October 3, 1959) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and television host. He is widely known for his work as an improvisational comedian on the UK and U.S. versions of Whose Line Is It Anyway?. He also currently stars as Max Madigan on the Nickelodeon sitcom True Jackson, VP.
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Gustavo Cerati
Gustavo Adrián Cerati Clark (born August 11, 1959) is an Argentine guitarist, singer, songwriter and producer. During the 1980s and 90s he was a member of the Argentine rock group Soda Stereo, along with Charly Alberti and Zeta Bosio. In the early 90s, with Amor Amarillo, he pursued a solo career. He is currently in a coma after suffering a stroke on May 15, 2010.
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Harold Baines
Harold Douglas Baines (born March 15, 1959 in Easton, Maryland) is a former right fielder and designated hitter in Major League Baseball who played for five American League teams from 1980 to 2001. He is best known for his three stints with the Chicago White Sox, the team on which he now serves as coach. He ranked 7th in AL history in games played (2,830) and 10th in runs batted in (1,628) upon his retirement. Noted as well for his power hitting in clutch situations, he is tied for 7th in AL history in grand slams (13), 4th in 3-home run games (3), and tied for 7th in major league history in walk-off home runs (10). Baines batted over .300 eight times and hit .324 in 31 career postseason games, topping the .350 mark in five separate series. A six-time All-Star, he led the AL in slugging average in . He held the White Sox team record for career home runs from until Carlton Fisk passed him in ; his eventual total of 221 remains the club record for left-handed hitters, as do his 981 RBI and 585 extra base hits with the team. His 1,652 games as a designated hitter are a major league record, and he held the mark for career home runs as a DH (236) until Edgar Martínez passed him in . With 1,628 RBI, Baines has the most RBI of any player eligible for the Hall of Fame not currently inducted.
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Helen Broderick
Helen Broderick (August 11, 1891 – September 25, 1959) was an American film and stage actress known for her comic roles, especially as a wisecracking sidekick.
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Helen Parrish
Helen Parrish (23 March 1924, Columbus, Georgia – 22 February 1959) was an American movie actress, the daughter of stage and bit film actress Laura Parrish.
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Hubert Marischka
Hubert Marischka (27 August 1882 – 4 December 1959), brother of Ernst Marischka, was an Austrian operetta tenor, actor, film director and screenwriter.
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Hugh Laurie
James Hugh Calum Laurie, OBE (; born 11 June 1959), best known as Hugh Laurie, is an English actor, voice artist, comedian, writer, musician and director. He first reached fame as one half of the Fry and Laurie double act, along with his friend and comedy partner Stephen Fry, whom he joined in the cast of Blackadder and Jeeves and Wooster from 1987 until 1999. Since 2004, he has been starring as Dr. Gregory House, the protagonist of House, for which he has received two Golden Globe awards and several Emmy nominations. As of August 2010 he is the highest paid actor in a drama series on US television.
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Irene Cara
Irene Cara (born March 18, 1962) is an American singer and actress. Cara won an Academy Award in 1984 in the category of Best Original Song for co-writing "Flashdance... What a Feeling." She is also known for her recording of the song "Fame", and she also starred in the 1980 film Fame.
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Irina Strakhova
Irina Strakhova (born 4 March 1959 in Novosibirsk) is a race walker who represented the Soviet Union.
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Irving Cummings
Irving Cummings (October 9, 1888 - April 18, 1959), born Irving Camisky in New York City, New York was an American movie actor, director, producer and writer.
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Jack Norworth
Jack Norworth (5 January 1879 - 1 September 1959) was a U.S. songwriter, singer and vaudeville performer.
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Jack Wagner (actor)
Peter John "Jack" Wagner, II (born October 3, 1959 in Washington, Missouri) is an American singer and actor best-known for appearing on the soap operas General Hospital and Melrose Place.
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Jacob Epstein
Sir Jacob Epstein KBE (10 November 1880 19 August 1959) was an American-born British sculptor who helped pioneer modern sculpture. He was born in the United States, and moved to Europe in 1902, becoming a British citizen in 1911. He often produced controversial works which challenged taboos on what was appropriate subject matter for public artworks. He also made paintings and drawings, and often exhibited his work.
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James Gleason
:For the politician, see James P. Gleason.
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Jari Tervo
Jari Tervo (born February 2, 1959) is a well-known Finnish author of prose. He is a major name in current Finnish literature.
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Jaroslav Heyrovský
Jaroslav Heyrovský () (December 20, 1890 – March 27, 1967) was a Czech chemist and inventor. Heyrovský was the inventor of the polarographic method, father of the electroanalytical method, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in 1959. His main field of work was polarography.
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Jason Alexander
Jason Alexander (born September 23, 1959) is an American actor, comedian and singer. He is best known for his role as George Costanza on the television series Seinfeld, appearing in the sitcom from 1989 to 1998. He also has had an active career on the stage, appearing in several Broadway musicals including ''Jerome Robbins' Broadway in 1989, for which he won the Tony Award as Best Actor in a Musical. He appeared in the Los Angeles production of The Producers'' with Martin Short. He is the Artistic Director of "Reprise! Broadway's Best in Los Angeles", where he has directed several musicals. Alexander is also an avid poker player.
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Jayne Atkinson
Jayne Atkinson (born February 18, 1959) is an English-born American film, theatre and television actress. She is perhaps best known for the role of Karen Hayes on 24 as well as her Tony Award-nominated roles in The Rainmaker and Enchanted April.
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Jens Stoltenberg
(born 16 March 1959) is the Prime Minister of Norway. He took office in 2005, having previously served as Prime Minister from 2000 to 2001. He has also been the leader of the Norwegian Labour Party since 2002 and has been a Member of Parliament from Oslo since 1993. He was State Secretary in the Ministry of the Environment from 1990 to 1991, Minister of Industry from 1993 to 1996, and Minister of Finance from 1996 to 1997. He was re-elected Prime Minister in the 2009 parliamentary election.
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Jim Kerr
James "Jim" Kerr (born in Toryglen, Glasgow on 9 July 1959) is a Scottish musician and singer-songwriter, best known for his work with the band Simple Minds who achieved five UK #1 albums and a #1 single "Ballad of the Streets EP".
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Jim Nantz
James William Nantz, III (born May 17, 1959) is an American sportscaster, known primarily for his work with CBS Sports television.
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Jo Bonner
Josiah Robins (Jo) Bonner, Jr. (born November 19, 1959), American politician, has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 2003, representing .
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John Foster Dulles
John Foster Dulles (February 25, 1888 – May 24, 1959) served as U.S. Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. He was a significant figure in the early Cold War era, advocating an aggressive stance against communism throughout the world. He advocated support of the French in their war against the Viet Minh in Indochina and it is widely believed that he refused to shake the hand of Zhou Enlai at the Geneva Conference in 1954. He also played a major role in the Central Intelligence Agency operation to overthrow the democratic Mossadegh government of Iran in 1953 (Operation Ajax) and the democratic Arbenz government of Guatemala in 1954 (Operation PBSUCCESS).
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John McEnroe
John Patrick McEnroe, Jr. (born February 16, 1959) is a former World No. 1 professional tennis player from the United States. During his career, he won seven Grand Slam singles titles (three at Wimbledon and four at the US Open), nine Grand Slam men's doubles titles, and one Grand Slam mixed doubles title. McEnroe also won a record eight year ending championship titles, including five WCT Finals and three Masters Grand Prix titles. He is best remembered for his shot-making artistry and superb volleying; for his famous rivalries with Björn Borg, Jimmy Connors and Ivan Lendl; for his confrontational on-court behavior which frequently landed him in trouble with umpires and tennis authorities; and for the catchphrase "You cannot be serious!" directed toward an umpire during a match at Wimbledon in 1981. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1999, and is regarded as one of the greatest male tennis players of all time.
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Johnny Whitaker
Johnny Whitaker (born December 13, 1959) is an American actor and singer notable for several performances for film and television during his childhood. The naturally redheaded Whitaker is best known for his role as Brian Keith's 6-year-old nephew, Jody Davis, on Family Affair from 1966-1971, originated the role of Scotty Baldwin on General Hospital in 1965, played the lead in Hallmark's 1969 The Littlest Angel, and portrayed the title character in the 1973 musical version of Tom Sawyer. Two of his siblings, Billy and Dora, provided the voices of the rabbits Skippy and Tagalong for Disney's animated film Robin Hood in that same year.
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Joseph Cahill
John Joseph Cahill (21 January 1891 – 22 October 1959) was Premier of New South Wales from 1952 to 1959. He is best remembered as the Premier who approved construction on the Sydney Opera House, and for his work increasing the authority of local government in the state.
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Juan Fernando Cobo
Juan Fernando Cobo Agudelo (born August 27, 1959, in Cali, Colombia) is a Colombian painter, illustrator, sculptor and cultural promoter, one of the most notable artists of his native region, Valle del Cauca.
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Juan Jose Campanella
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Judd Nelson
Judd Asher Nelson (born November 28, 1959) is an American actor. He is best known for being a member of the "Brat Pack" in the mid-1980s; and for his roles as John Bender in The Breakfast Club, Alec Newbary in ''St. Elmo's Fire, and Jack Richmond in Suddenly Susan''.
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Julie Burchill
Julie Burchill (born 3 July 1959, Frenchay, Bristol) is an English writer and columnist known for her provocative comments. Beginning as a writer for the New Musical Express at the age of 17, she has written for newspapers such as The Sunday Times and The Guardian. She is a self-declared "militant feminist". She has several times been involved in legal action resulting from her work. She is also an author and novelist, her 1989 novel Ambition being a bestseller, and her 2004 novel Sugar Rush being adapted for television.
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Kay Kendall
Kay Kendall (21 May 1926 – 6 September 1959) was a British actress.
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Keith Deller
Keith Deller (born 24 December 1959 in Ipswich) is an English darts player, who won the Embassy World Professional Darts Championship in 1983. He was the youngest player and the first qualifier ever to win the championship. Dutch player Jelle Klaasen took his record as youngest ever winner in 2006.
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Keith Olbermann
Keith Theodore Olbermann (; born January 27, 1959) is an American news anchor, sportscaster, writer, and political commentator. He hosts Countdown with Keith Olbermann, an hour-long nightly news and commentary program on MSNBC.
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Kelly Moore
Kelly Moore (born January 31, 1959) is the driver with the all time most wins in the NASCAR Grand National Division, Busch East Series and the driver of the #47 NAPA Chevy. He is the father of NASCAR driver Ryan Moore.
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Ken Lo
Ken Low Wai-kwong , also known as Kenneth Low or Low Houi Kang, nickname Kwong Jai) is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist and a ex-member of the Jackie Chan Stunt Team born in Laos on March 17, 1959. But in 1975, he moved from Cambodia when he was 15 years old to Udon Thani, Thailand, then 5 years later, in 1980 he fled to Hong Kong in where he took a job as a tour guide.
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Ken Watanabe
is a Japanese stage, film, and television actor. To English-speaking audiences he is known for playing tragic hero characters, such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in Letters from Iwo Jima and Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in The Last Samurai, for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Among other awards, he has won the Japan Academy Prize for Best Actor twice, in 2007 for Memories of Tomorrow and in 2010 for Shizumanu Taiyō. He is also known for his roles in director Christopher Nolan's Hollywood blockbusters Batman Begins and Inception.
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Kevin Nash
Kevin Scott Nash (born July 9, 1959) is a retired American professional wrestler and actor, who most recently worked for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Nash has wrestled under various ring names, but is most notably known by his real name in World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and in World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment (WWF/E), where he was known as Diesel in his first run with the company. Nash is a six-time world champion, having won the WCW World Heavyweight Championship five times and the WWF Championship once. He has achieved notable success in the tag team division as well, being a twelve-time world tag team champion: nine times in WCW, two times in WWF and once in TNA. He is also a one-time WWE Intercontinental Champion. He also won the WCW World War 3 battle royal in 1998. He is also one of the three founding members of the New World Order (nWo), along with Hulk Hogan and Scott Hall.
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Kevin Spacey
Kevin Spacey (born July 26, 1959) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and crooner. He grew up in California, and began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s, before being cast in supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the early 1990s, culminating in his first Academy Award for The Usual Suspects (Best Supporting Actor), followed by a Best Actor Academy Award win for American Beauty (1999). His other starring roles in Hollywood include Seven, L.A. Confidential, Pay It Forward, and Superman Returns in a career which has eventually earned him Emmy and Golden Globe nominations. Since 2003, he has been artistic director of the Old Vic theatre in London.
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Kirsty MacColl
Kirsty Anna MacColl (10 October 1959 – 18 December 2000) was an English singer-songwriter.
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Klaus Fuchs
Klaus Emil Julius Fuchs (29 December 1911 – 28 January 1988) was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who in 1950 was convicted of supplying information from the American, British and Canadian atomic bomb research (the Manhattan Project) to the USSR during and shortly after World War II. While at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Fuchs was responsible for many significant theoretical calculations relating to the first fission weapons and later, the early models of the hydrogen bomb, the first fusion weapon.
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Koichi Tanaka
is a Japanese scientist who shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002 for developing a novel method for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules with John Bennett Fenn and Kurt Wuthrich (the latter for work in NMR spectroscopy).
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Kurdish people
The Kurds () are an Iranian-speaking ethnolinguistic group mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. Substantial Kurdish communities also exist in the cities of western Turkey, and they can also be found in Armenia, Georgia, Israel, Azerbaijan, Russia, Lebanon and, in recent decades, some European countries and the United States (see Kurdish diaspora). Most speak Kurdish, an Indo-European language of the Iranian branch. The Kurds are classified as an Iranian people.Bois, Th.; Minorsky, V.; Bois, Th.; Bois, Th.; MacKenzie, D.N.; Bois, Th. "Kurds, Kurdistan." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Excerpt 1:"The Kurds, an Iranian people of the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey"..Excerpt 2: "The classification of the Kurds among the Iranian nations is based mainly on linguistic and historical data and does not prejudice the fact there is a complexity of ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3:"We thus find that about the period of the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation of Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district of which Alḳī = Elk was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= al-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton of Ḵh̲oyt of Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= al-Arṭān] in the bend of the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies of the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it is said that the Mamakān tribe is of Mamikonian origin). " Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence of an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."
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Kyle MacLachlan
Kyle Merritt MacLachlan (born February 22, 1959) is an American actor. He graduated from the University of Washington in 1982 and, shortly afterward, moved to Hollywood, California to pursue his career. MacLachlan is best known for his roles in cult films Blue Velvet as Jeffrey Beaumont, in Showgirls as Zack Carey, Paul Atreides in Dune, and as Ray Manzarek in the Oliver Stone film The Doors. His television series roles include Orson Hodge in Desperate Housewives, Trey MacDougal in Sex and the City, and Special Agent Dale Cooper in Twin Peaks.
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Laurence Housman
Laurence Housman (; 18 July 1865 - 20 February 1959)
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Lawrence Taylor
Lawrence Julius Taylor (born February 4, 1959), nicknamed "L.T.", is a Hall of Fame former American football player. Taylor played his entire professional career as a linebacker for the New York Giants in the National Football League (NFL). He is considered to be one of the greatest players in the history of football, and has been called the greatest defensive player of all time by members of the media, former players, and coaches.
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Lee Kuan Yew
Lee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH (English name: Harry, ; POJ: Lí Kong-iāu; born 16 September 1923; also Lee Kwan-Yew) is a Singaporean statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, from 1959 to 1990, and was one of the longest serving Prime Ministers in the world.
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Lee Petty
Lee Arnold Petty (March 14, 1914 – April 5, 2000) was an American stock car driver in the 1950s and 60s. He was one of the pioneers of NASCAR, and one of its first superstars. He was born near Randleman, North Carolina.
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Leo Aryeh Mayer
Leo Aryeh Mayer (, 12 January 1895 – 6 April 1959), was an Israeli scholar of Islamic art and rector of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
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Lester Young
Lester Willis Young (August 27, 1909 – March 15, 1959), nicknamed "Prez", was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and clarinetist. He also played trumpet, violin, and drums.
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Liu Shaoqi
Liu Shaoqi () (24 November 1898 12 November 1969) was a Chinese revolutionary, statesman, and theorist. He was Chairman of the People's Republic of China, China's head of state, from 27 April 1959 to 31 October 1968, during which he implemented policies of economic reconstruction in China. He fell out of favour in the later 1960s during the Cultural Revolution because of his perceived 'right-wing' viewpoints and, it is theorised, because Mao viewed Liu as a threat to his power. He disappeared from public life in 1968 and was labelled China's premier 'Capitalist-roader' and a traitor. He died under harsh treatment in late 1969, but he was posthumously rehabilitated by Deng Xiaoping's government in 1980 and given a state funeral.
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Lorraine Hansberry
Lorraine Hansberry (May 19, 1930 – January 12, 1965) was an African American playwright and author of political speeches, letters, and essays.Lipari, Lisbeth. "Queering the borders: Lorraine Hansberry’s 1957 Letters to The Ladder" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Marriott Hotel, San Diego, CA, May 27, 2003 Online . 2008-06-28 Her best known work, A Raisin in the Sun, was inspired by her family's legal battle against racially segregated housing laws in the Washington Park Subdivision of the South Side of Chicago during her childhood.Carter, Stephen R., ''Commitment Amid Complexity: Lorraine Hansberry's Life in Action, MELUS (The Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States), Vol. 7, Issue 3, at 39,40-41 (Autumn 1980), available at'' (subscription required).
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Lorraine Kelly
Lorraine Kelly (born 30 November 1959 in Glasgow) is a Scottish television presenter and journalist best known as a presenter for GMTV (GMTV with Lorraine) and ITV Breakfast (Lorraine). She currently resides in Broughty Ferry, and London.
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Lou Costello
Louis Francis "Lou" Costello (March 6, 1906 – March 3, 1959) was an American actor and comedian best known as half of the comedy team of Abbott and Costello, with Bud Abbott. Costello was famous for his bumbling, chubby, clean-cut image that has appealed to many Americans over the decades, and for his shouted line of "HEEEEYYY ABBOTT!!."
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Louis Leakey
Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey (L.S.B. Leakey) (August 7, 1903 – October 1, 1972) was a Kenyan archaeologist and naturalist whose work was important in establishing human evolutionary development in Africa. He also played a major role in creating organizations for future research in Africa and for protecting wildlife there. Having been a prime mover in establishing a tradition of palaeoanthropological inquiry, he was able to motivate the next generation to continue it, notably within his own family, many of whom also became prominent. Louis participated in national events of British East Africa and then Kenya in critical if less spectacular ways.
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Luc Besson
Luc Besson (; born 18 March 1959) is a French film director, writer and producer. He is the creator of EuropaCorp film company. He has been involved with over 50 films, spanning 26 years, as writer, director, and/or producer, including the Transporter series.
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Luis Palés Matos
Luis Palés Matos (March 20, 1898-February 23, 1959) was a Puerto Rican poet who is credited with creating the poetry genre known as Afro-Antillano.
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Lupino Lane
Lupino Lane (16 June 1892 – 10 November 1959) was an English actor and theatre manager, and a member of the famous Lupino family. Lane started out as a child performer, known as 'Little Nipper', and went on to appear in a wide range of theatrical, music hall and film performances. He is best known for playing Bill Snibson in the play and film Me and My Girl, which popularised the Lambeth walk.
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MacGillivray Milne
MacGillivray Milne (August 19, 1882 – January 26, 1959) was a United States Navy Captain, and the 27th Governor of American Samoa from January 20, 1936, to June 3, 1938. After graduating from the United States Naval Academy, Milne served many posts in the Navy, including heading the Department of Modern Languages at the Naval Academy. He was a veteran of a large numbers of conflicts, including the Philippine–American War, the United States occupation of Veracruz, and both World War I and World War II. Milne commanded a number of ships, but his last one was the battleship . After the ship struck a private fishing vessel and killed two civilians, Milne was court-martialed and stripped of three grades which determined his eligibility for promotion. As Governor, Milne pushed for the modernization of American Samoa, and sought increased federal aid for the islands; his efforts to obtain additional funding for the island largely ended in failure. He died in 1959 at the Naval Hospital Oakland, and was buried in Tenafly, New Jersey.
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Mack Gordon
Mack Gordon (born Morris Gittler, June 21, 1904 – March 1, 1959) was a Jewish-American composer and lyricist of songs for the stage and film. He was nominated for the best original song Oscar nine times, including six consecutive years between 1940 and 1945, and won the award once, for "You'll Never Know". That song has proved amongst his most enduring and remains popular in films and television commercials to this day. "At Last" is another of his best-known songs.
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Mackenzie Phillips
Mackenzie Phillips (born November 10, 1959) is an American actress and singer best known for her roles in American Graffiti and as rebellious teenager Julie Cooper Horvath on the sitcom One Day at a Time. She's also known for her role in the Disney Channel science fiction show So Weird.
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Magic Johnson
Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr. (born August 14, 1959) is a retired American professional basketball player who played point guard for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). After winning championships in high school and college, Johnson was selected first overall in the 1979 NBA Draft by the Lakers. He won a championship and an NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award in his rookie season, and won four more championships with the Lakers during the 1980s. Johnson retired abruptly in 1991 after announcing that he had HIV, but returned to play in the 1992 All-Star Game, winning the All-Star MVP Award. After protests from his fellow players, he retired again for four years, but returned in 1996 to play 32 games for the Lakers before retiring for the third and final time.
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Makarios III
Makarios III (), born Michail Christodolou Mouskos (Greek: Μιχαήλ Χριστοδούλου Μούσκος) (August 13, 1913 – August 3, 1977), was the archbishop and primate of the autocephalous Cypriot Orthodox Church (1950–1977) and the first President of the Republic of Cyprus (1960–1974 and 1974–1977).
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Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong (; December 26, 1893 September 9, 1976) was a Han Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. His theoretical contribution to Marxism-Leninism, military strategies, and his brand of Communist policies are now collectively known as Maoism.
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Marcelo Loffreda
Marcelo Loffreda (born May 17, 1959 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a rugby player and coach, until recently head coach for the English club power Leicester Tigers. Loffreda won 44 caps with one as captain, playing at for the Argentine rugby union side (los Pumas). He played much of his career outside the legendary Hugo Porta and scored 4 test tries.
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Marcia Gay Harden
Marcia Gay Harden (born August 14, 1959) is an American film and theatre actress. Harden's breakthrough role was in The First Wives Club (1996) which was followed by several roles which gained her wider fame including the hit comedy Flubber (1997) and Meet Joe Black (1998). She received an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Lee Krasner in Pollock (2000). She has starred in a string of successful mainstream and independent movies, some of which are Space Cowboys (2000), Into the Wild (2007) and The Mist (2007). More recently, she starred in Whip It (2009).
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Marcus Miller
Marcus Miller (born William Henry Marcus Miller Jr., June 14, 1959, Brooklyn, New York) is an American jazz musician, composer, producer, and multi-instrumentalist.
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Margaret Becker
Margaret Becker (born July 17, 1959) is an American Christian rock singer, guitarist, and songwriter. She has had twentyone #1 Christian radio hits, won four Dove Awards, and been nominated for four Grammy Awards.
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Marie Osmond
Olive Marie Osmond (born October 13, 1959) is an American actress, singer, doll designer, and a member of the show business family The Osmonds. Although she was never part of her family's singing group, she gained success as a solo country music artist in the 1970s and 1980s. Her best known song is a cover of the country pop ballad "Paper Roses." In 1976, she and her singer brother Donny Osmond began hosting the TV variety show Donny & Marie.
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Mark "Jacko" Jackson
Mark "Jacko" Jackson, born 30 August 1959, is a former Australian rules footballer who played professionally for several teams, including St Kilda, Melbourne, Geelong and South Fremantle. After his football career he became notable for his television appearances, namely the Energizer and Nutri-Grain commercials, and several feature films.
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Mark Martin
Mark Anthony Martin (born January 9, 1959) is an American stock car driver currently competing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. He drives the #5 GoDaddy.com/Delphi/Carquest/Hendrickcars.com Chevrolet Impala for Hendrick Motorsports. Mark Martin has the most wins in the NASCAR Nationwide Series with 48. Mark Martin has also finished second in the Sprint Cup Series standings five times and has been described by ESPN as "The best driver to never win a championship."
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Mark McKinney
Mark Douglas Brown McKinney (born June 26, 1959) is a Canadian comedian and actor, best known for his work in the sketch comedy troupe The Kids in the Hall. Following the run of their television series (1989 to 1995) and feature film (Brain Candy), he went on to star in Saturday Night Live from 1995 to 1997. From 2003 to 2006, he co-created, wrote and starred in the acclaimed mini-series Slings and Arrows, a TV show about a Canadian theatre company struggling to survive while a crazy genius director haunted by his dead mentor helps the actors find authenticity in their acting.
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Markus Hediger
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Marshall Teague
Marshall Teague (February 22, 1922 - February 11, 1959) was an American race car driver.
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Mary Leakey
Mary Leakey (February 6, 1913 – December 9, 1996) was a British archaeologist and anthropologist, who discovered the first skull of a fossil ape on Rusinga Island and also a noted robust Australopithecine called Zinjanthropus at Olduvai. For much of her career she worked together with her husband, Louis Leakey, in Olduvai Gorge, uncovering the tools and fossils of ancient hominines. She developed a system for classifying the stone tools found at Olduvai. She also discovered the Laetoli footprints. In 1960 she became director of excavation at Olduvai and subsequently took it over, building her own staff. After the death of her husband she became a leading palaeoanthropologist, helping to establish the Leakey tradition by training her son, Richard, in the field.
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Matthew Modine
Matthew Avery Modine (born March 22, 1959) is an American actor. His film roles include Private Joker in Stanley Kubrick's 1987 film Full Metal Jacket and high school wrestler Louden Swain in Vision Quest.
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Maurice Duplessis
Maurice Le Noblet Duplessis (; 20 April 1890 – 7 September 1959) served as the 16th Premier of the Canadian province of Quebec from 1936 to 1939 and 1944 to 1959. A founder and leader of the highly conservative Union Nationale party, he rose to power after exposing the misconduct and patronage of Liberal Premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau.
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Max Baer (boxer)
Maximilian Adelbert Baer (February 11, 1909 – November 21, 1959) was an American boxer of the 1930s, one-time Heavyweight Champion of the World, actor, entertainer, professional wrestler and referee.
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Max Reinhardt
__NOTOC__
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Maxie Long
http://wn.com/Maxie_Long -
Maxwell Anderson
James Maxwell Anderson (15 December 1888 – 28 February 1959) was an American playwright, author, poet, journalist and lyricist. He was a founding member of The Playwrights Company.
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Mel Purcell
Mel Purcell (born July 18, 1959, in Joplin, Missouri, U.S.) is a former World No. 17 tennis player in the ATP tennis rankings. He is the head coach of the Murray State University men's tennis team. Purcell's finest moment was when he reached the quarterfinals of Wimbledon in 1983.
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Mercury Seven
Mercury Seven was the group of seven Mercury astronauts selected by NASA on April 9, 1959. They are also referred to as the Original Seven and Astronaut Group 1. This was the only astronaut group with members that flew on all classes of NASA manned orbital spacecraft of the 20th century: Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and ending with John Glenn's flight on the STS-95 Space Shuttle mission.
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Michael Considine
Michael Patrick Considine (c. 26 January 1885 – 2 November 1959) was an Irish-born Australian politician and unionist. He represented the seat of Barrier in the House of Representatives from 1917 to 1922. A controversial figure, Considine was pressured to resign from the Australian Labor Party (ALP). He won in 1919 as an independent before joining the Industrial Socialist Labor Party in 1920, but his seat was abolished for the 1922 election and he was defeated in an attempt to transfer to the seat of Darling.
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Michael Pare
http://wn.com/Michael_Pare -
Mike Hawthorn
John Michael Hawthorn (10 April 1929 - 22 January 1959) was a racing driver, born in Mexborough, Yorkshire, England, and educated at Ardingly College, West Sussex.
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Mike Reiss
Michael "Mike" Reiss (born September 15, 1959) is an American television comedy writer. He served as a show-runner, writer and producer for the animated series The Simpsons and co-created the animated series The Critic. He created and wrote the webtoon Queer Duck and has also worked on screenplays including: , Horton Hears a Who!, The Simpsons Movie and My Life in Ruins.
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Miles Davis
Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926 – September 28, 1991) was an American trumpeter, bandleader, and composer.
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Minor Hall
Ram "Minor" Hall (March 2, 1897, Sellers, Louisiana - October 16, 1959, Sawtelle, California) was an American jazz drummer active on the New Orleans jazz scene. He was the younger brother of Tubby Hall.
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Molla Mallory
MedalCountry|
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Morrissey
Steven Patrick Morrissey (born 22 May 1959), known primarily as Morrissey, is an English singer and songwriter. He rose to prominence in the 1980s as the lyricist and vocalist of the alternative rock band The Smiths. After the band's break-up in 1987, Morrissey began a solo career, making the top ten of the UK Singles Chart in the United Kingdom on ten occasions. Widely regarded as an important innovator in indie music, Morrissey has been described by music magazine NME as "one of the most influential artists ever," and The Independent has stated that "most pop stars have to be dead before they reach the iconic status that he has reached in his lifetime." Pitchfork Media has called him "one of the most singular figures in Western popular culture from the last 20 years."
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Morten Harket
Morten Harket (born 14 September 1959) is the lead singer of the Norwegian synthpop band a-ha, who have released nine studio albums and topped the charts in several countries after their breakthrough hit "Take on Me" in 1985. Harket has also released four solo albums.
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Mustafa Barzani
Mustafa Barzani () (March 14, 1903 – March 1, 1979) was a Kurdish nationalist leader, and the most prominent political figure in the modern Kurdish politics. In 1946 he was chosen as the leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) to lead the Kurdish revolution against Iraqi regimes. Barzani was the primary political and military leader of the Kurdish revolution until his death in March 1979. He led campaigns of armed struggle against both the Iraqi and Iranian governments.
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Mutara III of Rwanda
Mutara III (also known as Rudahigwa; 1912? – July 25, 1959) was the Mwami, or monarch of Rwanda between 1931 and 1959. As a member of the Tutsi people in Rwanda, stereotyped as tall, he stood a symbolic 6'8" tall. His Christian name was Charles Léon Pierre, and he is sometimes referred to as Charles Rudahigwa Mutara III or Rukabu.
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Nancy Grace
Nancy Ann Grace (born October 23, 1959) is an American legal commentator, television host, and former prosecutor. She frequently discusses issues from what she describes as a victims' rights standpoint, with an outspoken style that has won her both praise and condemnation. She is the host of Nancy Grace, a nightly gossip and current affairs show on HLN, and she was the host of Court TV's Closing Arguments. She also co-wrote the book Objection! — How High-Priced Defense Attorneys, Celebrity Defendants, and a 24/7 Media Have Hijacked Our Criminal Justice System. She is also the host of Swift Justice with Nancy Grace, a syndicated court room reality show.
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Neal Stephenson
Neal Town Stephenson (born October 31, 1959) is an American writer known for his works of speculative fiction, which have been variously categorized as science fiction, historical fiction, cyberpunk, and postcyberpunk. He has also written with his uncle, George Jewsbury ("J. Frederick George"), under the collective pseudonym of Stephen Bury.
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Nicole Brown Simpson
Nicole Brown Simpson (May 19, 1959 – June 12, 1994) was an ex-wife of former American football player O. J. Simpson. She was murdered at her home in Los Angeles, California, along with her friend Ronald Goldman. O. J. Simpson was arrested and found not guilty of murdering both her and Goldman in a controversial criminal trial. He was later found liable for the deaths in a civil suit brought by the families of the two victims.
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Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (April 15, 1894 – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War. He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.
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Nobuo Uematsu
is a Japanese video game composer, best known for scoring the majority of titles in the Final Fantasy series. He is regarded as one of the most famous and respected composers in the video game community. Uematsu, a self-taught musician, began playing the piano at the age of eleven or twelve, with Elton John as his biggest influence.
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Owen Chamberlain
Owen Chamberlain (July 10, 1920 – February 28, 2006) was an American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his discovery, with collaborator Emilio Segrè, of antiprotons, a sub-atomic antiparticle.
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Pamelyn Ferdin
Pamelyn Ferdin (born February 4, 1959) is an American animal rights activist and former child actress.
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Pat Bullard
Patrick ("Pat") Bullard is a Canadian writer and comedian. He was born in Mississauga, Ontario, on February 6, 1959.
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Paul Douglas (actor)
Paul Douglas (April 11, 1907 – September 11, 1959) was an American actor.
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Paul McGann
Paul McGann (born 14 November 1959 in Liverpool, England) is a British actor who made his name on the BBC serial The Monocled Mutineer, in which he played the lead role. He is also known for his role in Withnail and I, and for portraying the Eighth Doctor in the 1996 Doctor Who television movie and subsequent tie-in media.
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Per Gessle
Per Håkan Gessle (; born 12 January 1959 in Halmstad) is a Swedish pop singer-songwriter, guitarist, and harmonica player. He is the lead singer of the Swedish pop group Gyllene Tider and formed Roxette with Marie Fredriksson (being the chief songwriter in both bands). With Fredriksson's illness in 2002, he went back to recording and became a successful solo artist in native Sweden, selling multi-platinum albums.
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Pete Burns
Pete Burns (born 5 August 1959) is an English singer-songwriter who founded the band Dead or Alive in 1980, for which he acted as the vocalist and songwriter, and which rose to mainstream success with their 1985 single "You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)". He later rose to further celebrity status in the British media following his appearance on Celebrity Big Brother 2006 and his own television show, ''Pete's PA'' in 2007.
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Peter Molyneux
Peter Douglas Molyneux OBE, born 5 May 1959 is an English computer game designer and game programmer. He is responsible for well known God games Dungeon Keeper, Populous, and Black & White, among others, as well as business simulation games such as Theme Park and more recently, hit adventure role playing games Fable and Fable II.
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Philip Noel-Baker
http://wn.com/Philip_Noel-Baker -
Pietro Canonica
Pietro Canonica (March 1, 1869 – June 8, 1959) was an Italian sculptor of international repute, painter, opera composer, professor of arts and senator for life.
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Platon Lebedev
Platon Leonidovich Lebedev (Russian: Платон Леонидович Лебедев; born 29 November 1956) is a former CEO of Group Menatep, and is best known as a close associate of Mikhail Khodorkovsky. He was convicted of tax evasion in 2005, and sentenced to nine years in prison. He was subsequently charged with embezzlement and money laundering in 2009, and pled not guilty to the charges. There has been speculation that these charges were politically motivated.
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Pope John XXIII
Blessed Pope John XXIII (; ), born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli (25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963), known as Blessed John XXIII since his beatification, was elected as the 261st Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City on 28 October 1958.
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Preston Sturges
Preston Sturges (29 August 1898 – 6 August 1959), originally Edmund Preston Biden, was a celebrated screenwriter and film director born in Chicago, Illinois. In 1941 he won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film The Great McGinty.
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Rahm Emanuel
Rahm Israel Emanuel (; born November 29, 1959) is an American politician and former White House Chief of Staff to President Barack Obama. He served previously as senior advisor to President Clinton at the White House from 1993 to 1998 and as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives, representing , from 2003 until his resignation in 2009 to take up his position in the Obama Administration.
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Raymond Chandler
Raymond Thornton Chandler (July 23, 1888 – March 26, 1959) was an Anglo-American novelist and screenwriter who had an immense stylistic influence upon the modern private detective story, especially in the style of the writing and the attitudes now characteristic of the genre. His protagonist, Philip Marlowe, along with Dashiell Hammett's Sam Spade, is considered synonymous with "private detective", both being played on screen by Humphrey Bogart.
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Rebecca De Mornay
Rebecca De Mornay (born Rebecca Jane Pearch; August 29, 1959) is an American film and television actress. Her breakthrough film role came in 1983, when she played Lana in Risky Business.
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Renée Fleming
Renée Fleming (born February 14, 1959) is an American soprano specializing in opera and lieder. Fleming has a full lyric soprano voice.
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Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States from 1969 to 1974, having formerly been the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. A member of the Republican Party, he was the only President to resign the office as well as the only person to be elected twice to both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency.
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Richard Roeper
Richard E. Roeper (born October 17, 1959) is an American columnist and film critic for The Chicago Sun-Times and now a co-host on The Roe Conn Show on WLS-AM. He co-hosted the television series At the Movies with Roger Ebert from 2000–2008.
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Richie Sambora
Richard Stephen "Richie" Sambora (born July 11, 1959) is an American rock guitarist, producer, musician, singer/songwriter who is the longtime lead guitarist of the popular rock band Bon Jovi. He and frontman Jon Bon Jovi form the primary songwriting unit of the band. He is also a solo artist, having released two solo albums; Stranger in This Town in 1991, and Undiscovered Soul in 1998.
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Rick Ardon
Rick Ardon (born 4 March 1959 in Perth, Western Australia), is a news presenter on Seven News in Perth, Western Australia. In 2005, Ardon and his co-anchor, Susannah Carr, celebrated their 20th consecutive year reading the news together on Seven Perth.
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Rick Bragg
Rick Bragg (born July 26, 1959) is an American author and journalist known for his non-fiction books, especially those on his family in Alabama. Bragg won the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing in 1996 for his work at The New York Times.
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Rigoberta Menchú
Rigoberta Menchú Tum (born 9 January 1959, Laj Chimel, El Quiché, Guatemala) is an indigenous Guatemalan, of the K'iche' Maya ethnic group. Menchú has dedicated her life to publicizing the plight of Guatemala's indigenous peoples during and after the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996), and to promoting indigenous rights in the country. She received the 1992 Nobel Peace Prize and Prince of Asturias Award in 1998. She is the subject of the testimonial biography I, Rigoberta Menchú (1983) and the author of the autobiographical work, Crossing Borders. Later, American anthropologist David Stoll visited Guatemala and uncovered evidence that some of the claims in Menchú's Nobel Prize-winning autobiography were false.
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Ritchie Valens
Ritchie Valens (born Ricardo Esteban Valenzuela Reyes; May 13, 1941 – February 3, 1959) was a Mexican-American singer, songwriter and guitarist.
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Robbin Crosby
Robbin Crosby (August 4, 1959 – June 6, 2002), born Robb Lantz Crosby and nicknamed "King", was co-lead guitarist in the Glam metal band Ratt, earning several platinum albums in the U.S. in the mid-to-late 1980s. HIV positive, he died of a heroin overdose in 2002.
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Rod Serling
Rodman "Rod" Edward Serling (December 25, 1924 – June 28, 1975) was an American screenwriter, television producer, and narrator best known for his live television dramas of the 1950s and his science fiction anthology TV series, The Twilight Zone. Serling was active in politics, both on and off the screen and helped form television industry standards. He was known as the angry young man of Hollywood, clashing with television executives and sponsors over a wide range of issues including censorship, racism, and anti-war politics.
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Rosanna Arquette
Rosanna Lauren Arquette (born August 10, 1959) is an American actress, film director, and film producer.
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Rupert Everett
Rupert James Hector Everett (born 29 May 1959) is an English actor. He first came to public attention in 1981, when he was cast in Julian Mitchell's play and subsequent film Another Country as an openly gay student at an English public school, set in the 1930s. He has subsequently appeared in many other films including ''My Best Friend's Wedding, An Ideal Husband, The Next Best Thing and the Shrek'' sequels. He currently lives in London.
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Ruud Janssen
Ruud Janssen (b. Tilburg July 29, 1959) is a Dutch Fluxus and mail artist currently living in Breda in the Netherlands.
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Ryan Stiles
Ryan Lee Stiles (born April 22, 1959) is an American actor, comedian, director, and voice actor whose work is often associated with improvisational comedy. He is best known for his improv and co-production work on Whose Line Is It Anyway? and the role of Lewis Kiniski on The Drew Carey Show. He currently plays Herb Melnick on the CBS comedy Two and a Half Men.
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Sade Adu
Helen Folasade Adu, OBE, (born 16 January 1959), better known as Sade, is a British singer-songwriter, composer, and record producer. She first achieved success in the 1980s as the frontwoman and lead vocalist of the popular Brit and Grammy Award winning English group, Sade.
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Saeko Shimazu
is a prolific seiyū from Isehara.
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Sakamoto Chika
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Salvatore Quasimodo
Salvatore Quasimodo (August 20, 1901 - June 14, 1968) was an Italian author. In 1959, he won the Nobel Prize for Literature "for his lyrical poetry, which with classical fire expresses the tragic experience of life in our own times." Along with Giuseppe Ungaretti and Eugenio Montale, he is one of the foremost Italian poets of the 20th century.
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Sam Marcy
Sam Marcy (1911–February 1, 1998) was an American Marxist of the post-World War II era. In 1959, a group he led founded the Workers World Party, which continues to the present day.
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Sandra Cisneros
Sandra Cisneros (born December 20, 1954) is an American writer best known for her acclaimed first novel The House on Mango Street (1984) and her subsequent short story collection Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories (1991). Her work experiments with literary forms and investigates emerging subject positions, which Cisneros herself attributes to growing up in a context of cultural hybridity and economic inequality that endowed her with unique stories to tell. She is the recipient of numerous awards including a National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, and is regarded as a key figure in Chicana literature.
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Sanjay Dutt
Sanjay Dutt (Hindi: संजय दत्त), born 29 July 1959) is an Indian Hindi film actor and politician. Dutt is the son of Hindi film stars Sunil and Nargis Dutt. He made his debut in 1981.
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Sarah Ferguson
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Satoru Iwata
is the fourth president and CEO of Nintendo, succeeding the long-standing previous president of the company, Hiroshi Yamauchi in 2002. He was responsible in great part for defining Nintendo's strategy both before and during the release of its Nintendo GameCube video game console in 2001, a vision which helped Nintendo generate a forty-one percent increase in sales at the end of the 2002 fiscal year.
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Saïd Aouita
Saïd Aouita (born 2 November 1959) is a former Moroccan athlete, winner of 5000 meters at the 1984 Summer Olympics, 5000 meters at the World Championship, in Roma, 3000 meters at the World Indoor Championships, in Budapest, and held many World records (1500m (3.29:45) – 2000m (4.50:80) -3000m (7.29:46) - Twice 5000m (13.00:40) and (12.58:58). He is a track and field legend and remains one of the greatest athletes
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Scott Altman
Captain Scott Douglas "Scooter" Altman, USN, (born 15 August 1959) is a test pilot and NASA astronaut and veteran of four space shuttle missions. His fourth space shuttle mission on STS-125 was the last servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope.
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Sean Bean
Shaun Mark "Sean" Bean (born 17 April 1959) is an English film and stage actor. Bean has also acted in a number of television productions as well as performing voice work for computer games and television adverts.
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Sean Lemass
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Selig Suskin
Selig Suskin (, 1873–26 February 1959) was an Israeli agronomist and an early member of the Zionist movement.
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Selçuk Yula
Selçuk Yula, born on November 8, 1959 in Ankara, is a Turkish football player and topscorer.
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Sheena Easton
Sheena Easton (born Sheena Shirley Orr; 27 April 1959) is a Scottish recording artist who achieved worldwide fame in the 1980s. Easton became famous for being the focus of an episode in the British television program The Big Time, which recorded her attempts to gain a record contract and her eventual signing with EMI Records.
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Sidney Bechet
Sidney Bechet (May 14, 1897 – May 14, 1959) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, and composer.
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Simon Cowell
Simon Phillip Cowell (born 7 October 1959) is a British music executive, television producer and entrepreneur. He is known in the United Kingdom and in the United States for his role as a talent judge on TV shows such as Pop Idol, The X Factor, ''Britain's Got Talent, and American Idol''. He is also the owner of the television production and music publishing house Syco.
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Solomon Bandaranaike
http://wn.com/Solomon_Bandaranaike -
Stephen Chan Chi Wan
Stephen Chan Chi Wan, born 1959, was the general manager of Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB).
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Stephen Harper
Stephen Joseph Harper, PC, MP (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada, and leader of the Conservative Party. Harper became Prime Minister after his party won a minority government in the 2006 federal election. He is the first Prime Minister from the newly reconstituted Conservative Party, following a merger of the Progressive Conservative and Canadian Alliance parties.
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Stephen Wolfram
Stephen Wolfram (born 29 August 1959) is a British physicist, software developer, mathematician, author and businessman, known for his work in theoretical particle physics, cosmology, cellular automata, computational complexity theory, computer algebra, the Mathematica software application, and the Wolfram Alpha computational knowledge engine.
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Steve McFadden
Steve McFadden (born 20 March 1959) is an English actor who is well-known for his starring role as cockney Phil Mitchell in the British BBC TV drama EastEnders, which he first played in 1990.
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Susanna Hoffs
Susanna Lee Hoffs (born January 17, 1959) is an American vocalist, guitarist and actress. She is best known as a member of the all-female pop band The Bangles.
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Suzanne Vega
Suzanne Nadine Vega (born July 11, 1959) is an American songwriter and singer known for her eclectic folk-inspired music.
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Sönke Wortmann
Sönke Wortmann (August 25, 1959 in Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German film director.
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Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
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Taylor Holmes
Taylor Holmes (May 16, 1878 – September 30, 1959) was an actor who appeared in over 100 Broadway plays in his five-decade career. However, he's probably best remembered for his film roles, which he began in silent movies in 1917 before working more in films than on stage in the 1940s. Holmes played a number of memorable roles, including the gullible millionaire conned in Nightmare Alley (1947), a shifty lawyer in Kiss of Death (1947) and the voice of King Stefan in Disney's animated feature Sleeping Beauty (1959) - Holmes' last credited screen role. He was married to actress Edna Phillips and was the father of actors Phillips Holmes, Madeleine Taylor Holmes, and Ralph Holmes.
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Terry Francona
Terry Jon Francona (born April 22, 1959 in Aberdeen, South Dakota), nicknamed "Tito," is a Major League Baseball manager. Francona has been the manager of the Boston Red Sox, of the American League since 2004.
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The Big Bopper
Jiles Perry "J. P." Richardson, Jr. (October 24, 1930 – February 3, 1959) also commonly known as The Big Bopper, was an American disc jockey, singer, and songwriter whose big voice and exuberant personality made him an early rock and roll star. He is best known for his recording of "Chantilly Lace". On February 3, 1959, on what has become known as The Day the Music Died, Richardson was killed in a small-plane crash in Iowa, along with Buddy Holly and Ritchie Valens.
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The Cure
The Cure are an English rock band formed in Crawley, West Sussex in 1976. The band has experienced several line-up changes, with frontman, vocalist, guitarist and principal songwriter Robert Smith being the only constant member. The Cure first began releasing music in the late 1970s with their debut album Three Imaginary Boys (1979); this, along with several early singles, placed the band as part of the post-punk and New Wave movements that had sprung up in the wake of the punk rock revolution in the United Kingdom. During the early 1980s, the band's increasingly dark and tormented music helped form the gothic rock genre.
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Thomas F. Wilson
Thomas Francis Wilson (born April 15, 1959) is an American actor, writer, musician, painter, voice-over artist and stand up comedian. He is best known for playing Biff Tannen (and his grandson Griff Tannen and great-grandfather Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen) in the Back to the Future trilogy and Coach Ben Fredricks on NBC's Freaks and Geeks.
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Tom Arnold (actor)
Thomas Duane "Tom" Arnold (born March 6, 1959) is an American actor and comedian. He has starred in many films, most notably True Lies (1994). He was the host of The Best Damn Sports Show Period for four years.
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Tonga Fifita
'''Tonga 'Uli'uli Fifita (born February 3, 1959) is a retired professional wrestler and actor, known for his appearances in both World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). In WCW, he wrestled under the name Meng; in the WWF, he wrestled under the names King Tonga, King Haku, and Haku'''.
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Tony DeFranco
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Tony Phillips
Keith Anthony Phillips (born April 25, 1959 in Atlanta, Georgia) is a former Major League Baseball utility player who had an 18-year career from to . He played regularly at three infield positions, primarily as a second baseman, but also had significant time as a shortstop and third baseman. He also played in over 100 games as a left fielder, right fielder, and designated hitter.
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Tracey Ullman
Tracey Ullman (born 30 December 1959) is a British-American stage and television actress, comedienne, singer, dancer, screenwriter and author.
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Truman Capote
Truman Capote (; September 30, 1924 – August 25, 1984) was an American author and comedian, many of whose short stories, novels, plays and nonfiction are recognized literary classics, including the novella ''Breakfast at Tiffany's (1958) and In Cold Blood'' (1965), which he labeled a "nonfiction novel." At least 20 films and television dramas have been produced from Capote novels, stories and screenplays.
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Tutsi
Tutsi (; ) are an ethnic group in Central Africa. They are the second largest population of peoples in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu (largest) and the Twa (smallest).
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Ulrike Richter
Ulrike Richter (born 17 June 1959 in Görlitz) is a German former swimmer who competed for East Germany in the 1970s. At the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal she received three gold medals. She received two gold medals at the 1973 World Aquatics Championships, and two in 1975. Richter set fourteen world records during her career, in 100 m backstroke, 200 m backstroke, and medley relay. She was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1983.
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Uma Bharati
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Una O'Connor
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Val Kilmer
Val Edward Kilmer (born December 31, 1959) is an American actor. Originally a stage actor, Kilmer became popular in the mid-1980s after a string of appearances in comedy films, starting with Top Secret! (1984), then the cult classic Real Genius (1985), as well as blockbuster action films, including a role in Top Gun and a lead role in Willow.
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Victor McLaglen
Victor Andrew de Bier Everleigh McLaglen (10 December 1886 – 7 November 1959) was an English boxer and World War I veteran who became a leading American film actor.
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Victoria Rowell
Victoria "Vicki" Lynn Rowell (born May 10, 1959) is an American actress and dancer. She is best known for her portrayal of ballerina-turned-model Drucilla Winters on the CBS daytime drama The Young and the Restless, and medical examiner/pathologist Dr. Amanda Bentley on the CBS drama . From 1993 to 2000, she appeared on both series simultaneously.
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a Cold War military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to 15 May 1975 when the Mayaguez Incident concluded and two weeks after the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. The 'Mayaguez incident' involving the Khmer Rouge government in Cambodia on 12–15 May 1975, marked the last official battle of the United States (U.S.) involvement in the Vietnam War. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States and other anti-communist nations.
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Viktoria Mullova
Viktoria Yurievna Mullova () (born 27 November 1959) is a Russian violinist. She is best known for her performances and recordings of a number of violin concerti, compositions by J.S. Bach, and her innovative interpretations of popular and jazz compositions by Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, The Beatles, and others.
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Vincent Astor
William Vincent Astor (November 15, 1891 – February 3, 1959) was a businessman and philanthropist and a member of the prominent Astor family.
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Vincent D'Onofrio
'''Vincent Phillip D'Onofrio''' (born June 30, 1959) is an American actor, film producer, and singer. He first gained attention for his role as Private Leonard 'Gomer Pyle' Lawrence in the war film Full Metal Jacket and more recently for his role as Detective Robert Goren in the crime TV series .
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Vinnie Richards
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Waise Lee
Waise Lee Chi-hung (; born 19 December 1959) is a Hong Kong actor, known for playing villains in Hong Kong action films, most notably in the film A Better Tomorrow. He is also regarded as the George W. Bush of Hong Kong as he resembles the latter a lot.
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Wally Lewis
Walter James "Wally" Lewis AM (born 1 December 1959 in Hawthorne, Queensland) is an Australian former rugby league footballer and coach. Currently a commentator of the sport, he is widely regarded as the greatest Rugby League player of all time. His time as a player and coach was followed by a career as a newsreader for the Nine Network.
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Walt Disney
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon, and philanthropist. Disney is famous for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. As the co-founder (with his brother Roy O. Disney) of Walt Disney Productions, Disney became one of the best-known motion picture producers in the world. The corporation he co-founded, now known as The Walt Disney Company, today has annual revenues of approximately U.S. $35 billion.
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Walter Beall
Walter Esau Beall (July 29, 1899 – January 28, 1959) was an American major league baseball player who played for the New York Yankees on several championship teams in the 1920s.
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Wayne Federman
Wayne Federman (born June 22, 1959) is an American comedian, actor, author, and comedy writer. He is noted for his numerous stand-up comedy appearances in clubs, theaters, and on television; his biography of "Pistol" Pete Maravich; and his supporting comedic acting roles in The X-Files, The Larry Sanders Show, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Legally Blonde, 50 First Dates, The 40-Year-Old Virgin, and Step Brothers. He was the head monologue writer for NBC's Late Night with Jimmy Fallon in its first season.
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Werner Krauss
Werner Johannes Krauss (Krauß in German) (23 June 1884 – 20 October 1959) was a German stage and film actor.
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William D. Francis
William Douglas Francis (6 March 1889 - 2 January 1959) was a notable Australian botanist. Born in Bega, New South Wales, at the age of 17 he moved with his father Alfred, and brother Frederick, from Wollongong, New South Wales, where he attended Wollongong Superior Public School, to Kin Kin, Queensland. It was here that he was able to satisfy his strong interest in natural history while helping his father and brother on the farm.
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William Halsey, Jr.
Fleet Admiral William Frederick Halsey, Jr., USN, (October 30, 1882 – August 16, 1959) (called "Bill Halsey" and sometimes known as "Bull" Halsey), was a U.S. Naval officer and the commander of the United States Third Fleet during part of the Pacific War against Japan. Earlier, he had commanded the South Pacific Theater during desperate times.
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William R. Moses
William Remington Moses (born November 17, 1959) is an American actor.
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Yoshiaki Murakami
is a Japanese investor known for highly publicized corporate raid. He was the founder and the former president of M&A; Consulting, Inc., usually known as the "Murakami fund".
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Yoshitomo Nara
is a Japanese artist. He currently lives and works in Tokyo, though his artwork has been exhibited worldwide. Nara received his B.F.A. (1985) and an M.F.A. (1987) from the Aichi Prefectural University of Fine Arts and Music. Between 1988 and 1993, Nara studied at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, in Germany. Nara has had nearly 40 solo exhibitions since 1984. He is represented in New York City by Marianne Boesky Gallery and in Los Angeles by Blum & Poe.
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Youssou N'Dour
'''Youssou N'Dour' (; born 1 October 1959 in Dakar) is a Senegalese singer, percussionist and occasional actor. In 2004, Rolling Stone described him as, in Senegal and much of Africa, "perhaps the most famous singer alive." He helped develop a style of popular music in Senegal, known in the Serer language as mbalax. He is the subject of the 2008 award-winning documentary film '' directed by Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi, which was released theatrically around the world. The film won several awards including the Special Jury Prize at the Middle East International Film Festival.
http://wn.com/Youssou_N'Dour
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Addu Atoll
Addu Atoll (local administrative code Seenu) is the southernmost atoll of the Maldives.
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Alaska
Alaska () is the largest state of the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait. Approximately half of Alaska's 698,473 residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area. As of 2009, Alaska remains the least densely populated state of the U.S.
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Antarctica
Antarctica
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Australia
{{Infobox country
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Bass Strait
Bass Strait () is a sea strait separating Tasmania from the south of the Australian mainland, specifically the state of Victoria.
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Beijing
{| style="float:right;"
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Belgian Congo
The Belgian Congo (French: Congo Belge, Dutch: ) was the formal title of present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) between King Leopold II's formal relinquishment of his personal control over the state to Belgium on 15 November 1908, and Congolese independence on 30 June 1960.
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Belgium
Belgium (, ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, as well as those of several other major international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 10.8 million people.
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Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 large professional theatres with 500 seats or more located in the Theatre District, New York and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan, New York City.Although theater is the preferred spelling in the U.S.A. (see further at American and British English Spelling Differences), the majority of venues, performers, and trade groups for live dramatic presentations use the spelling theatre. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.
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Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, from the Spanish Cabo Cañaveral, is a headland in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Known as Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. It is part of a region known as the Space Coast, and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Since many U.S. spacecraft are launched from both the station and the Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, the terms "Cape Canaveral," "Canaveral" or even "The Cape" have become metonyms that refer to both as the launch site of spacecraft. In homage to its spacefaring heritage, the Florida Public Service Commission allocated "321" as the telephone area code for Cape Canaveral and surrounding counties.
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Caves of Nerja
The Caves of Nerja are a series of caverns close to the town of Nerja in Andalusia. Stretching for almost 5 km the caverns are one of Spain's major tourist attractions. Concerts are regularly held in one of the chambers which forms a natural amphitheatre.
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Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
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Clear Lake, Iowa
Clear Lake is a city in Cerro Gordo County, Iowa, United States. The population was 8,161 at the 2000 census. The city is named for the large lake on which it is located. It is the home of a number of marinas, state parks and tourism-related businesses. Clear Lake is also a major stop on Interstate 35 with many restaurants, hotels and truck stops.
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Conakry
Conakry (Sosso: ) is the capital and largest city of Guinea. Conakry is a port city on the Atlantic Ocean and serves as the economic, financial and cultural centre of Guinea with a 2009 population of 1,548,500. Originally situated on Tombo Island, one of the Îles de Los, it has since spread up the neighboring Kaloum Peninsula.
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Cuba
The Republic of Cuba (; , ) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos.
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Cyprus
Cyprus (; , Kýpros, ; ), – officially the Republic of Cyprus (, Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía, ; ) – is a Eurasian island country in the Eastern Mediterranean, south of Turkey and west of Syria and Lebanon. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of its most popular tourist destinations. An advanced, high-income economy with a very high Human Development Index, the Republic of Cyprus was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement until it joined the European Union on 1 May 2004.
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Dartmoor
Dartmoor is an area of moorland in the centre of Devon, England. Protected by National Park status, it covers .
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic (; , ) is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries. Both by area and population, the Dominican Republic is the second largest Caribbean nation (after Cuba), with and an estimated 10 million people.
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Dover
Dover is a town and major ferry port in the home county of Kent, in South East England. It faces France across the narrowest part of the English Channel, and lies south-east of Canterbury; east of Kent's administrative capital Maidstone; and north-east along the coastline from Dungeness and Hastings. The town is the administrative centre of the Dover District and home of the Dover Calais ferry through the Port of Dover. The surrounding chalk cliffs have become known as the White cliffs of Dover, and the narrow sea passage nearby – the Strait of Dover.
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East Germany
The German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR), informally called East Germany by the West, was the socialist state established in 1949 in the Soviet zone of occupied Germany and in the East Berlin portion of the Allied-occupied capital city. The German Democratic Republic, which consisted geographically of northeast Germany rather than all of eastern Germany, had an area of 107,771 km2. (41,610 mi.2), bordering Czechoslovakia in the south, West Germany (officially: Federal Republic of Germany) in the south and west, the Baltic Sea to the north, and Poland in the east.
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English Channel
The English Channel (, the "sleeve") is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Great Britain from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest, to only in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some .
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Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
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Great Lakes
The Great Lakes are a collection of freshwater seas located in northeastern North America, on the Canada – United States border. Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total surface and volume. The total surface is , and the total volume is The lakes are sometimes referred to as the North Coast or "Third Coast" by some citizens of the United States. The Great Lakes hold 21 percent of the world's surface fresh water.
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Guinea
Guinea (, officially the Republic of Guinea ), is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea (Guinée française), it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbor Guinea-Bissau. Conakry is the capital, the seat of the national government, and the largest city.
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Havana
Havana (, , officially Ciudad de La Habana,) is the capital city, major port, and leading commercial centre of Cuba. The city is one of the 14 Cuban provinces. The city/province has 2.1 million inhabitants, the largest city in Cuba and the largest in the Caribbean region. The city extends mostly westward and southward from the bay, which is entered through a narrow inlet and which divides into three main harbours: Marimelena, Guanabacoa, and Atarés. The sluggish Almendares River traverses the city from south to north, entering the Straits of Florida a few miles west of the bay.
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
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Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire ( or ; abbreviated Herts) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.
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Holcomb, Kansas
Holcomb is a city in Finney County, Kansas, United States. The population was 2,026 at the 2000 census.
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Honshū
Honshū (; also spelled Honshu) is the largest island of Japan. The nation's main island, it is south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Strait. It is the seventh largest island in the world, and the second most populous after Java in Indonesia.
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Ireland
Ireland (,; , ; Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland is Great Britain, separated from it by the Irish Sea. The island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.2 million people. Just under 4.5 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
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Japan
Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon), officially the State of Japan ( or Nihon-koku), is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
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Kinshasa
Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, and Dutch: ) is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known as Zaire from 1971 to 1997. The city is located on the Congo River.
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Knox Mine disaster
The Knox Mine disaster was a mining accident that took place in the Greater Pittston metro area in Port Griffith village of Jenkins Township, Pennsylvania, near Pittston, on January 22, 1959.
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Laos
Laos (, , or ), officially the '''Lao People's Democratic Republic''', is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and People's Republic of China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west.
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Leeds
Leeds () is a city and metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. In 2001 Leeds' main urban subdivision had a population of 443,247, while the entire city had a population of (). Leeds is the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire Urban Area, which at the 2001 census had a population of 1.5 million, and the Leeds city region, an economic area with Leeds at its core, had a population of 2.9 million. Leeds is the UK's largest centre for business, legal, and financial services outside London, and according to the most recent Office for National Statistics estimates, Leeds is the fastest growing city in the UK.
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Lhasa
Lhasa ( in English, Tibetan: ལྷ་ས་, pronounced or ; and sometimes spelled Lasa) is the administrative capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China. At an altitude of , Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. It is the birthplace of Tibetan Buddhism and contain many religious sites such as the Jokhang, Potala and Norbulingka palaces.
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Maldives
The Maldives ( or ), (Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ ''Dhivehi Raa'je'') or Maldive Islands, officially Republic of Maldives, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean formed by a double chain of twenty-six atolls stretching in a north-south direction off India's Lakshadweep islands, between Minicoy Island and Chagos Archipelago. It stands in the Laccadive Sea, about seven hundred kilometers (435 mi) south-west of Sri Lanka.
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Malpasset
Malpasset was an arch dam on the Reyran River, constructed approximately 7 km north of Fréjus on the Côte d'Azur, southern France, in the Var département. It collapsed on December 2, 1959, killing 421 people in the resulting flood. Various sources indicate death numbers of 361, 400, 423, 429 or 510. The damage amounted to a total of $68 million.
http://wn.com/Malpasset -
Moscow
Moscow ( or ; ; see also ) is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the world, a global city. Moscow is the most populous city on the continent of Europe and the seventh largest city proper in the world, a megacity. The population of Moscow (as of 1 January 2010) is 10,563,038.
http://wn.com/Moscow -
Nagoya
is the third-largest incorporated city and the fourth most populous urban area in Japan.
http://wn.com/Nagoya -
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, ) is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's self-described mission statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research."
http://wn.com/NASA -
Netherlands
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Netherlands -
New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
http://wn.com/New_York -
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
http://wn.com/Nobel_Peace_Prize -
Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire ( or ; archaically, the County of Northampton; abbreviated Northants. or N/hants) is a landlocked county in the English East Midlands, with a population of 629,676 as at the 2001 census. It has boundaries with the ceremonial counties of Warwickshire to the west, Leicestershire and Rutland to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire to the south-east, Buckinghamshire to the south, Oxfordshire to the south-west, and Lincolnshire to the north-east – England's shortest county boundary at . The county town is Northampton.
http://wn.com/Northamptonshire -
Olduvai Gorge
The Oldupai Gorge is commonly referred to as "The Cradle of Mankind." The old name for the Gorge was Olduvai Gorge, which was a mispronunciation of Oldupai. The Gorge was re-named in 2005 to correct this mistake. Oldupai is the Maasai word for the wild sisal plant Sansevieria ehrenbergii, which grows in the Gorge. Oldupai Gorge is a steep-sided ravine in the Great Rift Valley that stretches through eastern Africa. Olduvai is in the eastern Serengeti Plains in northern Tanzania and is about long.
http://wn.com/Olduvai_Gorge -
Panama
Panama (), officially the Republic of Panama (; ), is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital is Panama City.
http://wn.com/Panama -
Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania () is a U.S. state and Commonwealth located in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to the east. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg.
http://wn.com/Pennsylvania -
Republic of Ireland
Ireland (, , , ), described as the Republic of Ireland (), is a state in northwest Europe with a population of almost 4.5 million people. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional republic occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned into two jurisdictions in 1921. It is bordered to the northeast by Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish Sea to the east, St George's Channel to the southeast, and the Celtic Sea to the south.
http://wn.com/Republic_of_Ireland -
Rome
Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
http://wn.com/Rome -
Roseburg blast
http://wn.com/Roseburg_blast -
Rwanda
The Republic of Rwanda (, , or in English, or in Kinyarwanda) is a unitary republic of central and eastern Africa. It borders Uganda to the north; Tanzania to the east; Burundi to the south; and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Rwanda is landlocked but is noted for its lakes, particularly Lake Kivu, which occupies the floor of the Rift Valley along most of the country's western border. Although close to the equator, the country has a temperate climate due to its high elevation, with the highest point being Mount Karisimbi. The terrain consists of mountains and gently rolling hills, with plains and swamps in the east. Abundant wildlife, including rare mountain gorillas, have led to a fast-growing tourism sector. The largest cities in Rwanda are Kigali, Gitarama, and Butare. Unlike many African countries, Rwanda is home to only one significant ethnic and linguistic group, the Banyarwanda. The country is well known for its native styles of dance, particularly the Intore dance, and for its drummers. Kinyarwanda, English and French are the official languages.
http://wn.com/Rwanda -
Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
http://wn.com/Scotland -
Singapore
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/Singapore -
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, , abbreviated СССР, SSSR), informally known as the Soviet Union () or Soviet Russia, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
http://wn.com/Soviet_Union -
Spain under Franco
http://wn.com/Spain_under_Franco -
Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (commonly known as Sri Lanka (, , or ); ; , ) is a country and a sovereign state off souther coast of the Indian subcontinent. A island nation in South Asia, it was till 1972 known as Ceylon (, , or ). Sri Lanka is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
http://wn.com/Sri_Lanka -
Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
http://wn.com/Taiwan -
Tampa, Florida
Tampa () is a Gulf Coast Bay city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County. Tampa is located on the west coast of Florida. The population of Tampa in 2000 was 303,447. According to the 2009 estimates, the city's population had grown to 343,890, making it the 54th largest city in the United States.
http://wn.com/Tampa_Florida -
Tanzania
The United Republic of Tanzania (; phonetical: tan-zann-ei-a; or sometimes tan-zanneia; ) is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.
http://wn.com/Tanzania -
U.S.S.R.
http://wn.com/USSR -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
http://wn.com/United_Kingdom -
Vietnam
Vietnam ( ; , ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (, ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea, referred to as East Sea (), to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.
http://wn.com/Vietnam -
Vincent Astor
William Vincent Astor (November 15, 1891 – February 3, 1959) was a businessman and philanthropist and a member of the prominent Astor family.
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Warwickshire
{| border=1 cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" width=250 style=margin-left:10px
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The Sisters of Mercy -- 1959
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:17
- Published: 24 Jan 2006
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: rhubarbcream
The Sisters of Mercy -- 1959
http://wn.com/The_Sisters_of_Mercy_-_1959
Fender Factory Tour 1959
1959 8mm Film by Forrest White. Digital Film Restoration by CinePost www.posthouse.com Edited by Ross Lenenski. Read the story behind this film in "Fender The Inside Story," by Forrest White available at Amazon: www.amazon.com Music by Russell Eldridge at www.youtube.com . Russell's Stratocaster guitar is from the American Deluxe Series made at the Corona Plant (Fender), USA in the Year 2000. Leo Fender is in the second shot. No CNC machines back then, everything was done by hand. It is amazing to realize that every guitar made that year is now worth a small fortune. Archival High Resolution film transfer by CinePost at www.posthouse.com If you know the names of the employees, please let us know and we will annotate them. For more info please call 678-238-0800.
http://wn.com/Fender_Factory_Tour_1959
Crash test: 1959 Chevy Bel Air
Crash test: 1959 Chevy Bel Air The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety conducted a unique crash test to demonstrate the advances in motor vehicle safety over the last 50 years.
http://wn.com/Crash_test_1959_Chevy_Bel_Air
1959 Film from ULI and National Association of Homebuilders Warns of Urban Sprawl
This 1959 film, "Community Growth, Crisis and Challenge," warns citizens, developers, and city officials of the dangers of urban sprawl. This historical artifact, co-sponsored by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) and the Urban Land Institute ULI) provides alternative approaches to land development. The film was produced by the NAHB. For more information on ULI's historical 75 years, go to: www.uli75.org
http://wn.com/1959_Film_from_ULI_and_National_Association_of_Homebuilders_Warns_of_Urban_Sprawl
Gibson Collectors Choice #2 1959 Les Paul Standard "Goldie"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:14
- Published: 11 Dec 2011
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: RobChappers
Gibson Collectors Choice #2 1959 Les Paul Standard "Goldie"3 www.andertons.co.uk Chapman Guitars www.chapmanguitars.co.uk Monkey Lord Forum forum.monkeylord.co.uk Monkey Lord Store store.monkeylord.co.uk Twitter www.twitter.com Facebook: www.facebook.com Place yourself on the Monkey Lord Minion Map: map.monkeylord.co.uk All audio was recorded & produced by Paul 'Stick' Annis Studio www.youtube.com www.facebook.com www.soundcloud.com www.twitter.com www.maplewoodstudio.com
http://wn.com/Gibson_Collectors_Choice_#2_1959_Les_Paul_Standard_Goldie
Ben Hur
BEN HUR is a universal, timeless story of a man wrongfully condemned, who becomes an outsider fighting for his identity and survival, gaining revenge and finding his true self again. While the story mirrors the famous 1959 eleven-time Academy Award-winning jewel, starring Charlton Heston, this BEN HUR offers a new dimension, recreating the classical world and its gritty spectacle and psychodrama. Filmed in Morocco this time, instead of a back lot, the production takes viewers to 1st century Jerusalem, a seething, restless melting pot at the end of the Silk Road and the edge of the Roman Empire.
http://wn.com/Ben_Hur
voh5024 oh purcell 29 central 14 1959 fb 00
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:47
- Published: 08 Mar 2012
- Uploaded: 08 Mar 2012
- Author: gloryyears
1959 Joan Sutherland's First Mad Scene
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:16
- Published: 06 Mar 2012
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: CaptFitzbattleaxe
And the best one in my opinion. Complete with applause. Joan Sutherland, soprano Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden Tullio Serafin Recorded live, February 26, 1959
http://wn.com/1959_Joan_Sutherland's_First_Mad_Scene
Operation Petticoat (1959) Blake Edwards directing Cary Grant, Tony Curtis Full Comedy Film
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 120:25
- Published: 10 Jan 2012
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: CharlieChaplinMovie
Operation Petticoat is a 1959 comedy film directed by Blake Edwards, and starring Cary Grant and Tony Curtis. It was the basis for a television series in 1977 starring John Astin in Grant's role. The film tells in flashback form the misadventures of a fictional American submarine, the USS Sea Tiger, during the opening days of World War II. Other members of the cast include several actors who went on to become television stars in the 1960s and 1970s: Gavin MacLeod of The Love Boat and McHale's Navy, Marion Ross of Happy Days, and Dick Sargent of Bewitched. Paul King, Joseph Stone, Stanley Shapiro, and Maurice Richlin were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Writing. United States Navy Rear Admiral (RADM) Matt Sherman (Cary Grant), ComSubPac in 1959, boards the pre- World War II-era American submarine USS Sea Tiger prior to its departure for the scrapyard. The first commanding officer of Sea Tiger, Sherman sits in his former stateroom and begins reading his personal logbook, starting a flashback. A Japanese air raid sinks Sea Tiger while it she docked at the Cavite Navy Yard in the Philippines on 10 December 1941. Lieutenant Commander (LCDR) Sherman and his crew begin repairs, hoping to sail for Darwin, Australia before the Japanese overrun the port. Lieutenant (junior grade) (LTJG) Nick Holden (Tony Curtis) is reassigned to Sea Tiger despite lacking any submarine training or experience. He and Sherman clash over Holden's attitude toward the Navy; Holden became a naval <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Operation_Petticoat_1959_Blake_Edwards_directing_Cary_Grant,_Tony_Curtis_Full_Comedy_Film
Kids Say The Darndest Things Art Linkletter 1959
http://wn.com/Kids_Say_The_Darndest_Things_Art_Linkletter_1959
![Hercules Unchained (1959 ) Steve Reeves The Original Immortals [HD] Full Movie](http://web.archive.org./web/20120313034034im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/6IT9PHxA7P0/0.jpg "Hercules Unchained (1959 ) Steve Reeves The Original Immortals [HD] Full Movie")
Hercules Unchained (1959 ) Steve Reeves The Original Immortals [HD] Full Movie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 89:45
- Published: 06 Dec 2011
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: cinematiclight
Hercules Unchained (Italian: Ercole e la regina di Lidia, "Hercules and the Queen of Lydia") is a 1959 Italian epic fantasy feature film starring Steve Reeves and Sylva Koscina in a story about two warring brothers and Hercules' tribulations in the court of Queen Omphale. The film is the sequel to the Reeves vehicle Hercules (1958) and marks Reeves' last appearance as Hercules. The film's screenplay -- loosely based upon various Greek myths and dramas -- was written by Ennio De Concini and Pietro Francisci with Francisci directing and Bruno Vailati and Ferruccio De Martino producing the film. Hercules Unchained has been broadcast on American television, and is available in both VHS and DVD formats. The film's Italian title means "Hercules and the Queen of Lydia". The film was also the subject of mockery in an episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000. The plot draws character names from a mishmash of various Greek legends and plays, notably The Seven Against Thebes by Aeschylus and Oedipus at Colonus by Sophocles. The tale of Hercules and Queen Omphale is taken from myth. Hercules' line "I wove the threads [of my memory] together" is the film's sole reference to his task of spinning thread and weaving with Omphale's attendants in the myth. The film widely deviates from the source material, haphazardly mixing events and featuring characterizations varying from those depicted in the sources. While travelling, Hercules (Steve Reeves) is asked to intervene in a quarrel between <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Hercules_Unchained_1959__Steve_Reeves_The_Original_Immortals_ HD _Full_Movie
Speedy Gonzalez-Mexicali Shmoes (1959)
The UNEDITED version of the 1959 Speedy Gonzalez cartoon Mexicaly Shmoes.It features Slowpoke Rodriguez ,Speedy's cousin who appears in only two Speedy cartoons the second being Mexican Boarders.I think that is the last cartoon produced by Edward Seltzer.That cartoon was nominated for Best short subject:Cartoons ,in 1959 Academy Awards.Please Subscribe
http://wn.com/Speedy_Gonzalez-Mexicali_Shmoes_1959
Custom 1959 Imperial Speedster. BEAUTIFUL!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:02
- Published: 29 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 11 Mar 2012
- Author: DtRockstar1
Please comment, rate, and subscribe! My Facebook Page - tinyurl.com Blog - dtrockstar1.blogspot.com Chris Ashworth records a highly customized, 2 seater Chrysler Imperial Speedster with a 6.1 Hemi. The exhaust sound is mean, and the car takes off like a rocket.
http://wn.com/Custom_1959_Imperial_Speedster_BEAUTIFUL!
Pillow Talk (1959) Doris Day and Rock Hudson Romantic Comedy Full Feature Film
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 102:27
- Published: 05 Jan 2012
- Uploaded: 11 Mar 2012
- Author: trailer710
Pillow Talk is a 1959 romantic comedy film directed by Michael Gordon. It features Rock Hudson, Doris Day, Tony Randall, Thelma Ritter and Nick Adams. The film was written by Russell Rouse, Maurice Richlin, Stanley Shapiro and Clarence Greene. The film won the Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay), and was nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role (Doris Day), Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Thelma Ritter), Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Color (Richard H. Riedel, Russell A. Gausman, Ruby R. Levitt) and Best Music, Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture.[1] This is the first of three movies in which Day, Hudson and Randall starred together, the other two being Lover Come Back and Send Me No Flowers. In 2009, it was named to the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant and will be preserved. Jan Morrow (Doris Day) is a successful, content, self-reliant interior decorator who lives in New York City. She lives alone and claims to be quite happy, when questioned on that subject by her drunken housekeeper, Alma (Thelma Ritter). Due to the state of the telephone company's development, she has to use a party line, which she shares with Brad Allen (Rock Hudson), a talented, creative Broadway composer and playboy. Jan and Brad, who have never met, develop a feud over the use of the party line, as Brad is constantly using the phone to chat with one young woman after another, singing <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Pillow_Talk_1959_Doris_Day_and_Rock_Hudson_Romantic_Comedy_Full_Feature_Film
1959 US Chess Championship: Bobby Fischer vs Robin Ault
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 27:43
- Published: 02 Nov 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Mar 2012
- Author: thechesswebsite
gatherfield.com In the 1959 US Championship we have the 2 time defending champion, Fischer, taking on the 1959 Junior US Champion, Ault. Dubbed as one of the matches for the up and coming chess stars for the US, Fischer put on great display of end game chess and took advantage of the mistakes by Ault.
http://wn.com/1959_US_Chess_Championship_Bobby_Fischer_vs_Robin_Ault
Ben Hur (1959)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 222:21
- Published: 03 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Feb 2012
- Author: warnervoduk
Record-breaking winner of 11 Oscars, including Best Picture, Director, Actor, Supporting Actor, and Score, this epic masterpiece stars Charlton Heston ("The Ten Commandments," "Touch of Evil") in the title role of a rebellious Israelite Jew who takes on the Roman Empire during the time of Christ. Featuring one of the most famous action sequences of all time -- the breathtaking chariot race. Directed by Oscar-winner William Wyler ("Mrs. Miniver," "The Best Years of Our Lives"). Recently selected as one of the top 100 American films of all time by the prestigious American Film Institute. MPAA Rating: NOTRATED "BEN HUR and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and ©
http://wn.com/Ben_Hur_1959
Pillow Talk 1959
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 102:27
- Published: 20 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 11 Mar 2012
- Author: JustOneNightOnly
Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of 'fair use.' The recent amendments to the Copyright Act of 1976 pertain to music. 'Fair use' remains in force for film and video. www.imdb.com JustOneNightOnly ohpoopnotagain 99whatsupdoc99 BWvoyager11
http://wn.com/Pillow_Talk_1959
The Lawrence Welk Show - Christmas, 1959
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 56:54
- Published: 16 Dec 2011
- Uploaded: 27 Jan 2012
- Author: trinidad364
-PROGRAM- (This show is a great illustration as to why The Lawrence Welk Show has been such a force in American Entertainment for so long.) December, 1958 The Lawrence Welk Family Christmas Show: 1. Lawrence Welk Orchestra - Sleigh Ride 2. Aladdin - Recitation of "Twas The Night Before Christmas" 3. Larry Hooper - Up On The House Top 4. Lawrence Welk Orchestra - Toy Trumpeteer 5. The Lennon Sisters - O Holy Night 6. Larry Hooper, Jerry Burke, Frank Scott (Three Keyboards) - Rudolph The Red- Nosed reindeer 7. Dick Kessler, violin - Ava Maria (Gounod) 8. Welk Caroleers - Ring Those Christmas Bells 9. Alladin, Janice Bailey - Baby's First Christmas 10. Joe Feeney - Jesus Bambino 11. The Lawrence Welk Orchestra - March Of The Toys 12. Diane Lennon - Thanks For Christmas 13. Buddy Merrill (In Uniform), Neil Levang - Christmas Island (Jingle Bells Commercial - Welk Caroleers) 14. Jimmy Roberts - God Rest ye Merry, Gentlemen; Introduction of the Welk Families; 15. Welk Children - Jingle Bells 16.Welk Carloeers, The Lennon Sisters - Christmas Carols: Joy To The World; Hark The Herald Angels Sing; Deck The Halls; It Came Upon A Midnight Clear; Silent Night.
http://wn.com/The_Lawrence_Welk_Show__Christmas,_1959
Carry On Teacher (1959)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 82:57
- Published: 20 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: earnmycash
A funny movie starring Kenneth Williams, Sid James, Joan Sims and the Carry On team.
http://wn.com/Carry_On_Teacher_1959
VAN HALEN TIME!! 1959 LES PAUL JUNIOR 01318
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:48
- Published: 02 Feb 2012
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: frettedamericana
www.frettedamericana.com A Very Pretty "Beastie". This super lightguitar weighs just 6.70 lbs. and has a nice, fat nut width of 1 11/16 inches and a standard Gibson scale length of 24 3/4 inches. This is one of the early versions, with a solid mahogany "slab" body with slightly rounded edges, one-piece mahogany neck with that great '59 "baseball bat" style profile, and Brazilian rosewood fretboard with 22 frets and inlaid pearl dot position markers. Headstock with "Gibson" logo and "Les Paul TV Model" silk-screened in gold. Black plastic bell-shaped truss-rod cover. Closed-back single-line Kluson Deluxe strip tuners with white plastic oval buttons. Serial number "9 7836" inked-on in black on the back of the headstock. One super hot black P-90 pickup with a huge output of 8.27k. Black plastic pickup cover stamped on the underside "UC-450-1 / 2". Single-ply tortoiseshell pickguard with four screws. Two controls (one volume, one tone) on the lower treble bout. Black plastic bell-shaped "Bell" knobs. The potentiometers are stamped "134 841" (Centralab October 1959) and the capacitor is the requisite 'Bumble-Bee' type. Combination "wrap-over" bar bridge/stud tailpiece. The back of the black plastic control cover is engraved "Jeannie" and the the inside of the control cover is engraved "Jeannie / Elfgen 1959". There are a few tiny surface marks and indentations on the body of the guitar and a few very small and insignificant surface marks edges of the headstock. Otherwise this <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/VAN_HALEN_TIME!!_1959_LES_PAUL_JUNIOR_01318
Chart Sweep -- Billboard Hot 100, 1959
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:00
- Published: 19 Feb 2007
- Uploaded: 12 Mar 2012
- Author: MGoddard84
Every record to reach #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart during 1959.
http://wn.com/Chart_Sweep_-_Billboard_Hot_100,_1959
1959 Gibson Les Paul Standard Overview With Michael Casswell Guitar Interactive Magazine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:30
- Published: 20 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 10 Mar 2012
- Author: iguitarmag
bit.ly Overview of the 1959 Gibson Les Paul Stardard, Michael Casswell gets his hands on the holy grail of guitars the 1959 Les Paul. Michael talks about the Les Paul standard and demos it through the Lazy J Amp which is also reviewed in issue4 of iGuitar. Michael Compares the '59 Les Paul to his own Les Paul Classic. Gi wishes to thank Phil Harris for the generous loan of his personal 1959 Les PaulStandard, you can find Harris Hire at www.harris-hire.co.uk
http://wn.com/1959_Gibson_Les_Paul_Standard_Overview_With_Michael_Casswell_Guitar_Interactive_Magazine
Operation Petticoat 1959
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 120:25
- Published: 08 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 11 Mar 2012
- Author: JustOneNightOnly
Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of 'fair use.' The recent amendments to the Copyright Act of 1976 pertain to music. 'Fair use' remains in force for film and video. www.imdb.com JustOneNightOnly ohpoopnotagain 99whatsupdoc99 BWvoyager11 USAmatinee11
http://wn.com/Operation_Petticoat_1959
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10 Mar 2012
SHARE AND DISCUSSTweet DHARAMSALA: Tibetan spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, has always discouraged self-immolation in Tibet, but such protests are continuing due to the hardline policies of China,...
photo: AP / Carlos Osorio
09 Mar 2012
When: 5 PST. Where: Target Center, Minneapolis. On the air: TV: Channel 9; Radio: 710; 1330. Records: Lakers 23-16; Timberwolves 21-19. Update: The Timberwolves are vastly improved this season but are...
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Margaret Skalla, 1959-2012
12 Mar 2012
Chicago Tribune
Margaret "Meg" Skalla refused to let the lung problems she was born with overshadow her life or keep her from sharing her gifts with others. "Nothing got her down," her friend Beth Steger said. "She defied gravity." Mrs. Skalla helped start a Lake County program for young people and was a strong...(size: 3.6Kb)
The MLB all decade team (1950-1959)
11 Mar 2012
The Examiner
Jackie Robinson’s 1947 debut ushered in baseball’s golden age. The sport dominated the national spirit throughout the fifties and New York dominated the sport. The Fall Classic appeared in the Big Apple every year from 1949-1958. During that period, the world champion resided in New York every year...(size: 11.4Kb)
Detroit Tigers all decade team (1950-1959)
10 Mar 2012
The Examiner
The Tigers enjoyed a marvelous run from 1934-1950. They won four pennants and two world titles in that stretch. After finishing 95-59 in 1950, second behind the mighty Yankees, the team collapsed. They lost 104 games in 1952 and did not seriously contend again until 1961. Management refused to...(size: 10.5Kb)
Hundreds commemorate Tibetan uprising of 1959
10 Mar 2012
Taipei Times
Hundreds of people â Tibetans and non-Tibetans alike â marched in Taipei yesterday to commemorate the 53rd anniversary of the 1959 Tibetan uprising against Chinese rule and to remember the Tibetans who have set themselves on fire to protest Chinaâs violation of their freedoms of religion and...(size: 3.6Kb)
Going old school: Black Eyed Peas Will.i.am takes his custom-built 1959 Chevrolet Corvette for a spin
06 Mar 2012
The Daily Mail
He famously tracked down a the rare DeLorean DMC-12 - famous for being the time machine in Back To The Future. So Will.i.am had to pull out all the stops to top his efforts with his latest ride. And the Black Eyed Peas star may have just done so in the form of a 1959 Chevrolet Corvette. SCROLL DOWN...(size: 8.1Kb)
Review of 1959’s “Attack of the Giant Leeches”
05 Mar 2012
The Examiner
Yes, that’s the title of this movie; and yes, there are giant leeches in it, too. Released in 1959, this movie riffs on previous giant creature films, such as Them (1954), Tarantula (1959), The Deadly Mantis (1957), and The Black Scorpion (1957). A low-budget affair produced by Gene Corman (younger...(size: 7.3Kb)
1935 - 1959: Bustling times in post-War era
29 Feb 2012
Rocky Mount Telegram
Rocky Mount was bustling from World War II to the beginning of the Civil Rights movement. Tobacco and textile industries were thriving. Rocky Mount Mills, a historic cotton mill, was in full swing. Downtown retail businesses were packed with customers as the railroad’s Emerson Shops employed...(size: 15.9Kb)
The Guardian
London correspondent described the original Routemaster as having 'elephantine but utilitarian lines' A Routemaster bus being shipped to Oslo for a trade fair in 1966. Photograph: Keystone/Getty Images...(size: 2.2Kb)
Curse of the Undead (1959)
24 Feb 2012
The Examiner
Cowboys and vampires have always been two of my favorite character archetypes. So when I learned from my father that there was a movie that contained a character who was both a cowboy and a vampire I had to see it immediately. The 1959 film Curse of the Undead is your standard corny 1950's...(size: 5.7Kb)
__NOTOC__
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
January 1
* Cultivars of plants named after this date must be named in a modern language, not in Latin.
* Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
January 2
* CBS Radio cuts four soap operas: ''Backstage Wife'', ''Our Gal Sunday'', ''The Road of Life'', and ''This is Nora Drake''.
* Castro's troops approach Havana.
* Soviet Union successfully launches Luna 1 spacecraft from Baikonur Cosmodrome.
January 3
* The island of Addu in the Maldives declares independence.
* Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. state.
January 4
* In Cuba, rebel troops led by Che Guevara and Camilo Cienfuegos enter the city of Havana.
* In Léopoldville, 42 people are killed during food fights between the police and participants of a meeting of the Abako Party.
January 6
* Fidel Castro arrives in Havana.
* The International Maritime Organization is inaugurated.
January 7 – The United States recognizes the new Cuban government of Fidel Castro.
January 8 – Charles De Gaulle is inaugurated as the first president of the French Fifth Republic.
January 12
* Caves of Nerja are discovered in Spain.
* Motown Records founded by Berry Gordy, Jr.
January 13 – Cuban communists execute 71 supporters of Fulgencio Batista.
January 22 – Knox Mine Disaster: Water breaches the River Slope Mine near Pittston City, Pennsylvania in Port Griffith; 12 miners are killed.
January 25 – Pope John XXIII announces that the Second Vatican Council will be convened in Rome.
January 29 – Walt Disney releases his 16th animated film, ''Sleeping Beauty'' in Beverly Hills. It is Disney's first animated film to be shown in 70mm and modern 6-track stereophonic sound. (''Fantasia'' had also used a multi-speaker stereophonic sound system, but it was primitive compared to the one used in ''Sleeping Beauty'').
February 1 – A referendum in Switzerland turns down female suffrage.
February 3
* A chartered plane transporting musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, Roger Peterson and The Big Bopper goes down in foggy conditions near Clear Lake, Iowa, killing all 4 occupants on board, including the pilot. The tragedy is later termed "The Day the Music Died", popularized in Don McLean's 1972 song "American Pie".
* American Airlines Flight 320, a Lockheed L-188 Electra heading from Chicago to New York City, crashes into the East River, killing 65 of the 73 people on board.
February 6 – At Cape Canaveral, Florida, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile is accomplished.
February 9 – Yugoslavia and Spain set trade relations (not diplomatic ones)
February 13 – TAT-2 cable goes into operation.
February 16
* Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba.
* A blizzard causes a massive power outage in Newfoundland.
February 17 – The United States launches the Vanguard II weather satellite.
February 18
* Jesús Sosa Blanco, murderer of 108 people, is executed in Cuba.
* Women in Nepal vote for the first time.
February 19 – The United Kingdom decides to grant Cyprus its independence.
February 20 – The Canadian Government cancels the CF-105 Arrow project.
February 22 – Lee Petty wins the first Daytona 500.
March 1
* The USS Tuscaloosa, USS New Orleans, USS Tennessee and USS West Virginia are struck from the Naval Vessel Register.
* Archbishop Makarios returns to Cyprus from exile.
March 2 – Recording sessions for the album Kind of Blue by Miles Davis took place at Columbia's 30th Street Studio in New York City.
March 8 – The Marx Brothers make their last TV appearance, in ''The Incredible Jewel Robbery''.
March 9 – The Barbie doll debuts.
March 10 – A Tibetan uprising against 10 years of Chinese rule erupts in Lhasa.
March 11
* ''Een beetje'' by Teddy Scholten (music by Dick Schallies, text by Willy van Hemert) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1959 for the Netherlands.
* ''A Raisin in the Sun'' by Lorraine Hansberry opens on Broadway in New York.
March 17 – Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, starts to flee Tibet and travels to India.
March 18 – American President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill allowing for Hawaiian statehood.
March 19 – Two other islands join Addu in the United Suvadive Republic (abolished September 1963), in the Maldives Islands.
March 31
* Busch Gardens in Tampa, Florida is dedicated and opens its gates.
* The Dalai Lama flees from Tibet and is granted asylum in India.
April 6 – The 31st Academy Awards ceremony is held.
April 8 – The Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) is established.
April 9 – NASA announces its selection of 7 military pilots to become the first U.S. astronauts (see Mercury Seven).
April 10 – Japanese Prince Akihito marries Shōda Michiko.
April 22 – Recording sessions for the album Kind of Blue by Miles Davis take place at Columbia's 30th Street Studio in New York City.
April 25 – The St. Lawrence Seaway linking the North American Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean officially opens to shipping.
April 27 – National People's Congress elects Liu Shaoqi as Chairman of the People's Republic of China, as a successor of Mao Zedong.
May
* The first Ten Tors event is held in Dartmoor.
* Import tariffs are lifted in the United Kingdom.
May 2 – 1959 FA Cup Final: Nottingham Forest defeats Luton Town 2–1.
May 18 – The National Liberation Committee of Côte d'Ivoire is launched in Conakry, Guinea.
May 24 – British Empire Day is renamed Commonwealth Day.
May 28 – Two monkeys, Able and Miss Baker are the first living beings to successfully return to Earth from space aboard the flight Jupiter AM-18.
June 3 – Singapore becomes a self-governing crown colony of Britain with Lee Kuan Yew as Prime Minister.
June 5 – A new government of the State of Singapore is sworn in by Sir William Goode. Two former ministers are re-elected to the Legislative Assembly.
June 8 – The USS ''Barbero'' and United States Postal Service attempt the delivery of mail via Missile Mail.
June 9 – The USS ''George Washington'' is launched as the first submarine to carry ballistic missiles.
June 14 – A 3-front revolutionary invasion by air and sea takes place in the Dominican Republic, consisting of exiles aided by Fidel Castro, whose purpose is to overthrow dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo. Within a few days all but 4 are captured and executed. Trujillo is killed less than 2 years later by men partly inspired by the deaths of the 1959 revolutionaries.
June 18 – The film ''The Nun's Story'', based on the best-selling novel, is released. Audrey Hepburn stars as the title character; she later says that this is her favorite film role. The film is a box-office hit, and is nominated for several Oscars.
June 23
* Sean Lemass becomes the third Taoiseach of Ireland.
* Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only 9 years in a British prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumes a scientific career).
June 26
* Elizabeth II (Queen of Canada) and U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower open the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
* ''Darby O'Gill and the Little People'', a film based on H.T. Kavanagh's short stories, is released in the U.S. by Walt Disney, after world premiering in Ireland.
July 1 – The opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway by Canada and the United States, officiated by Queen Elizabeth II.
July 2 – Prince Albert of Belgium marries Italian princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria.
July 4 – With the admission of Alaska as the 49th U.S. state earlier in the year, the 49-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
July 7 – At 14:28 UT Venus occults the star Regulus. The rare event (which will next occur on October 1, 2044) is used for determining the diameter of Venus and the structure of Venus' atmosphere.
July 8 – Charles Ovnand and Dale R. Buis become the first Americans killed in action in Vietnam.
July 14 Groups of Kurdish and communist militias under the leadership of Mustafa Barzani committed the Kerkuk 1959 Massacre in which tens of unarmed civilians were killed.
July 15 – A strike occurs against the U.S. steel industry.
July 17 – The first skull of Australopithecus is discovered by Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey in the Olduvai Gorge of Tanzania.
July 22 – Kumamoto University medical research group studying Minamata disease comes to the conclusion that mercury is the cause.
July 24 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and USSR Premier Nikita Khrushchev have a "kitchen debate".
July 25 – The SR-N1 hovercraft crosses the English Channel from Calais to Dover in just over 2 hours, on the 50th anniversary of Louis Bleriot's first crossing by heavier-than-air craft.
August 4 – Martial law is declared in Laos.
August 7
* Explorer program: The United States launches Explorer 6 from the Atlantic Missile Range in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
* United States The Roseburg Oregon Blast kills 14 and causes $12 million worth of damage.
August 8 – A flood in Taiwan kills 2,000.
August 14 – Explorer 6 sends the first picture of Earth from space.
August 15 – Cyprus gains independence.
August 17
* The Hebgen Lake Earthquake in southwest Montana kills 28.
* Columbia Records releases Miles Davis' groundbreaking album, ''Kind of Blue''.
August 19 – The Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) is established.
August 21 – Hawaii is admitted as the 50th U.S. state.
August 24 – Cyprus joins the United Nations.
August 26 – The original Mini designed by Sir Alec Issigonis is launched.
September 14 – Luna 2 becomes the first man-made object to crash on the Moon.
September 17 – The first ''Navy Navigation Satellite System'' Transit 1A is launched but fails to reach orbit.
September 23 – The ''M/S Princess of Tasmania'' (Australia's first passenger RO/RO diesel ferry) makes its maiden voyage across the Bass Strait.
September 25 – Ceylon's prime minister S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike is assassinated.
September 26
* Typhoon Vera hits central Honshū, Japan, killing an estimated 5,098, injuring another 38,921, and leaving 1,533,000 homeless. Most of the victims and damage are centered in the Nagoya area.
* The first official large unit action of the Vietnam War took place when two companies of the ARVN 23d Division were ambushed by a well-organized Vietcong force of several hundred identified as the "2d Liberation Battalion".
September 30 – Soviet Union leader Nikita Khrushchev meets Mao Zedong in Beijing.
October 2 – Rod Serling's classic anthology series ''The Twilight Zone'' premieres on CBS.
October 7 – The U.S.S.R. probe ''Luna 3'' sends back the first ever photos of the far side of the Moon.
October 12 – At the national APRA Congress in Peru, a group of leftist radicals is expelled from the party; they later form APRA Rebelde.
October 13 – The United States launches Explorer 7.
October 21 – In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (designed by Frank Lloyd Wright) opens to the public.
October 31 – Riots break out in the Belgian Congo.
November 1 – In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa is beaten up by Tutsi forces, leading to a period of violence known as the wind of destruction.
November 2 – The first section of the M1 motorway in England opens between Hertfordshire, just north of London, and the border of Northamptonshire and Warwickshire. The motorway is set to be expanded over the next few years to provide an unbroken motorway link with London and Leeds. A full motorway network across Britain is also set to be developed over the coming decade and into the 1970s.
November 12 – The Warner Bros. epic ''The Miracle'', very loosely based on the 1911 stage pantomime produced by Max Reinhardt, is released. It is a critical and financial bomb.
November 15 – The Clutter family of Holcomb, Kansas is brutally murdered, inspiring Truman Capote's ''In Cold Blood''.
November 18 – MGM's widescreen, multimillion dollar, Technicolor version of ''Ben-Hur'', starring Charlton Heston, is released and becomes the studio's greatest hit up to that time. It is critically acclaimed and eventually wins 11 Academy Awards – a record held until 1998, when 1997's ''Titanic'' becomes the first film to equal the record.
November 20 – The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations.
December 1 – Cold War – Antarctic Treaty: 12 countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, sign a landmark treaty, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and bans military activity on that continent (the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War).
December 2 – Malpasset Dam in southern France collapses and water flows over the town of Frejus, killing 412.
December 8 – The Mona, a lifeboat based at Broughty Ferry in Scotland, capsizes during a rescue attempt, with the loss of 8 lives.
December 13 – Three years after its first telecast, MGM's ''The Wizard of Oz'' is shown on television for only the second time, but it gains an even larger viewing audience than its first television outing, spurring CBS to make it an annual tradition.
December 14 – Makarios III is selected the first president of Cyprus.
December 20 – The Walker Family Murders.
Pantyhose introduced by Glen Raven Mills.
The Workers World Party is founded by Sam Marcy.
The first known human with HIV dies in the Congo. PMID 9468138
The current (as of 2006) design of the Japanese 10 yen coin is put into circulation.
The Caspian Tiger becomes extinct in Iran.
The Henney Kilowatt goes on sale in the United States, becoming the first mass-produced electric car in almost three decades.
Erving Goffman publishes his seminal study in sociology, ''The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life''.
January 1 – Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros
January 4 – Yoshitomo Nara, Japanese artist
January 5 – Clancy Brown, American actor
January 6 – Andrew Johnson, English artist.
January 9
* Rigoberta Menchú, Guatemalan writer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
* Mark Martin, American NASCAR driver
January 12 – Per Gessle, Swedish singer-songwriter & Roxette guitarist
January 16 – Sade, Nigerian-born singer
January 17
* Susanna Hoffs, American rock vocalist
* Momoe Yamaguchi, Japanese singer
January 21
* Paulo Miklos, Brazilian singer and actor
* Alex McLeish, Birmingham City and ex-Scotland football manager
January 27 – Keith Olbermann, American news correspondent and sportscaster (''Countdown'')
January 31 – Kelly Moore, American race car driver
February 2 – Jari Tervo, Finnish author
February 3 – UliUli Fifita, Professional Wrestler aka(Haku/Meng)
February 4
* Lawrence Taylor, American football player
* Pamelyn Ferdin, former child actress & animal activist
February 6
* Ken Nelson, English record producer
* Pat Bullard, Canadian game show host, comedian and writer
February 10 – Dennis Gentry, American football player
February 14 – Renée Fleming, American soprano
February 16 – John McEnroe, American tennis player
February 18 – Jayne Atkinson, English-born American film, theatre and television actress
February 22 – Kyle MacLachlan, American actor
February 26 – Rolando Blackman, Panamanian basketball player
March 1 – Nick Griffin, British politician
March 4
* Rick Ardon, Australian news presenter
* Irina Strakhova, Russian race walker
March 6 – Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian
March 8 – Aidan Quinn, Irish/American actor
March 9 – Giovanni di Lorenzo, German-Italian journalist and talk show host
March 10 – Mike Wallace, American race car driver
March 11 – Dejan Stojanović, Serbian-American poet, writer, essayist, philosopher, businessman, and former journalist
March 15 – Harold Baines, American baseball player
March 16
* Flavor Flav, American rapper
* Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway
March 17
* Danny Ainge, American basketball player, coach, and baseball player
* Ken Lo, actor and member of the Jackie Chan Stunt Team
March 18
* Luc Besson, French film producer, writer, and director
* Irene Cara, American singer
March 20
* Steve Borden, American wrestler
* Steve McFadden, British actor
March 21 – Nobuo Uematsu, Japanese composer
March 22 – Matthew Modine, American actor
March 23 – Catherine Keener, American actress
March 29 – Barry Blanchard, Canadian mountaineer
March 30 - Andrew Bailey, Executive Director Banking and Chief Cashier at the Bank of England
March 31 – Markus Hediger, Swiss writer and translator
April 2 – Badou Zaki, Morrocan football player and manager
April 3 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor
April 10 – Brian Setzer, American rock guitarist and singer
April 11 – Ana María Polo, Cuban-born judge and television personality
April 15
* Fruit Chan, Hong Kong film director
* Emma Thompson, English actress
* Thomas F. Wilson, American actor
April 16 – Alison Ramsay, Scottish field hockey player
April 17 – Sean Bean, British actor
April 20 – Clint Howard, American actor and producer
April 21 – Robert Smith, British rock musician (The Cure)
April 22
* Ryan Stiles, American comedian
* Terry Francona, American baseball player and manager
April 24 – Paula Yates, British television presenter (d. 2000)
April 25 – Tony Phillips, American baseball player
April 27 – Sheena Easton, Scottish singer
April 30 – Stephen Harper, Canadian politician and present Prime Minister (2006– )
May 2 – Alan Best, Canadian animation director and producer
May 3
* Uma Bharati, Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
* Ben Elton, British comedian and writer
May 5
* Steve Stevens, American guitarist
* Peter Molyneux, British game programmer
* Brian Williams, American news anchor
May 10 – Victoria Rowell, American actress
May 14 – Patrick Bruel, French singer
May 15 – Andrew Eldritch (born Andrew Taylor), British singer/songwriter (The Sisters of Mercy).
May 17
* Marcelo Loffreda, Argentine rugby player and coach
* Jim Nantz, American sports announcer
May 19 – Nicole Brown Simpson, American ex-wife of O.J. Simpson and murder victim (d. 1994)
May 20 – Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, American singer (d. 1997)
May 21 – Brian Lenihan, Irish politician (d. 2011)
May 22 – Morrissey, British singer
May 24 – Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish-born hockey player (d. 1985)
May 27 – Katherine Lanpher, American journalist
May 29 – Rupert Everett, British actor
June 8 – Bernard White, Sri Lankan-born American actor, screenwriter and film director
June 9 – Miles O'Brien, American television news anchor, pilot
June 10
* Eliot Spitzer, American politician and former governor of New York
* Carlo Ancelotti, Italian football player and manager
June 11
* Hugh Laurie, British actor and comedian
* Magnum T.A., American professional wrestler
June 14 – Marcus Miller, American bassist
June 17 – Ulrike Richter, German swimmer
June 22
* Wayne Federman, American comedian, actor, and author
* Ed Viesturs, American mountaineer
June 26 – Mark McKinney, Canadian actor and comedian
June 28 – John Shelley, British illustrator
June 30 – Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
July 3 – Julie Burchill, British journalist
July 6 – Richard Dacoury, French basketball player
July 7
* Ben Linder, American engineer (d. 1987)
* Barbara Krause, German swimmer
July 9
* Jim Kerr, Scottish rock singer
* Kevin Nash, American professional wrestler
July 11
* Richie Sambora, American musician
* Suzanne Vega, American singer
July 16 – Gary Anderson, American football player
July 17 – Margaret Becker, American Christian singer
July 18 – Mel Purcell, American tennis player
July 19 – Juan Jose Campanella, Argentinian filmmaker
July 26
* Rick Bragg, American journalist
* Kevin Spacey, American actor
July 27 – Hugh Green, American football player
July 29
* Sanjay Dutt, Indian actor
* Ruud Janssen, Dutch artist
August 3 – Koichi Tanaka, Japanese scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
August 4 – Robbin Crosby, American rock guitarist (Ratt) (d. 2002)
August 5 – Pete Burns, British singer (Dead or Alive)
August 8 – Christoph Theinert, German cellist and composer
August 10 – Rosanna Arquette, American actress
August 11
* Gustavo Cerati, Argentinian singer
* Yoshiaki Murakami, Japanese investor
August 13 – Danny Bonaduce, American actor and disc jockey
August 14
* Marcia Gay Harden, American actress
* Magic Johnson, American basketball player
August 15 – Scott Altman, American astronaut
August 17
* Sakamoto Chika, Japanese voice actress and singer
* Jonathan Franzen, American author
* Brad Wellman, American baseball player
August 19 – Anthony Sowell, suspected serial killer and convicted rapist
August 21 – Jim McMahon, American football player
August 25 – Sönke Wortmann, German film director
August 27 – Juan Fernando Cobo, Colombian artist
August 29
* Rebecca De Mornay, American actress
* Stephen Wolfram, British scientist
August 30 – Mark 'Jacko' Jackson, Australian rules footballer and actor
August 31 – Tony DeFranco, Canadian singer
September 1 – Kenny Mayne, American sportscaster
September 2 – Guy Laliberté, Canadian Cirque du Soleil founder
September 4
* Kevin Harrington, Australian actor
* Armin Kogler, Austrian ski jumper
September 8
* Daler Nazarov, Tajik composer, singer, and actor
* Saeko Shimazu, Japanese voice actress
September 14
* Mary Crosby, American actress
* Morten Harket, Norwegian rock singer (a-ha)
September 15 – Mike Reiss, American television comedy writer
September 17 – Charles Lawson, Irish actor
September 18
* Kirk Fogg, American actor, game show host and singer (''Legends of the Hidden Temple'')
* Sérgio Britto, Brazilian singer and keyboardist
September 21
* Dave Coulier, American actor and comedian
* Stan Van Gundy, American basketball coach
September 23 – Jason Alexander, American actor
September 28 – Dantes Tsitsi, Nauruan politician
September 29 – Benjamin Sehene, Rwandan writer
September 30 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball coach
October 1
* Youssou N'Dour, Senegalese singer
* Brian P. Cleary, American humorist, author, poet
October 3
* Fred Couples, American golfer
* Greg Proops, American comedian
* Jack Wagner, American actor
October 4 – Chris Lowe, British musician
October 7
* Lourdes Flores, Peruvian politician
* Simon Cowell, English music producer and television talent show judge
October 9 – Michael Pare, American actor
October 10 – Kirsty MacColl, British singer and songwriter (d. 2000)
October 13 – Marie Osmond, American singer
October 15
* Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York
* Emeril Lagasse, American chef and restaurant owner
October 17 – Richard Roeper, American film critic
October 21 – Ken Watanabe, Japanese actor
October 22 – Arto Salminen, Finnish writer (d. 2005)
October 23
* "Weird Al" Yankovic, American singer and parodist
* Nancy Grace, American television host
October 25 – Christina Amphlett, Australian rock singer
October 26 – Evo Morales, President of Bolivia
October 27 – Rick Carlisle, American basketball coach
October 31 – Neal Stephenson, American writer
November 2 – Saïd Aouita, Moroccan athlete
November 5 – Bryan Adams, Canadian singer and photographer
November 7 – Billy Gillispie, American basketball coach
November 8 – Selçuk Yula, Turkish football player and top scorer
November 9 – Tony Slattery, British comedian and actor
November 10
* Linda Cohn, American sports reporter
* Mackenzie Phillips, American actress
* Mike McCarthy, American football coach
November 14 – Paul McGann, British actor
November 17 – William R. Moses, American actor
November 18 – Jimmy Quinn, Irish footballer and football manager
November 19
* Allison Janney, American actress
* Jo Bonner, American U.S. Representative for Alabama's 1st congressional district
November 23 – Dominique Dunne, American actress (d. 1982)
November 25 – Charles Kennedy, British politician
November 27 – Viktoria Mullova, Russian violinist
November 28 – Judd Nelson, American actor
November 29
* Rahm Emanuel, American politician
* Platon Lebedev, Russian executive
November 30 – Lorraine Kelly, British presenter and journalist
December 1
* Billy Childish, English painter, writer and musician
* Wally Lewis, Australian sport identity
December 4 – Christa Luding, German speed skater
December 6 – Satoru Iwata, Japanese president of Nintendo
December 13 – Johnny Whitaker, American actor
December 16 – Alison LaPlaca, American actress
December 19 – Waise Lee, Hong Kong actor
December 20
* Stephen Chan Chi Wan, general manager of TVB
* Sandra Cisneros, Mexican-born author
December 21 – Florence Griffith Joyner, American athlete (d. 1998)
December 22 – Bernd Schuster, German footballer and manager
December 24 – Keith Deller, English darts player
December 27 – Gerina Dunwich, American author
December 30 – Tracey Ullman, English/American comedian and actress
December 31
* Alfie Anido, Filipino actor (d. 1981)
* Val Kilmer, American actor
* Baron Waqa, Nauruan politician and composer
January 2 – William D. Francis, Australian botanist (b. 1889)
January 3 – Edwin Muir, Scottish poet, novelist and translator (b. 1887)
January 21
* Cecil B. DeMille, American film director (b. 1881)
* Carl Switzer, American actor (''Our Gang'') (b. 1927)
January 22 – Mike Hawthorn, English race car driver (b. 1929)
January 26 – MacGillivray Milne, United States Navy Captain, and the 27th Governor of American Samoa (b. 1882)
January 28 – Walter Beall, American baseball player (b. 1899)
February 1 – Frank Shannon, American actor (b. 1874)
February 3 – Killed in the crash of a private plane:
* The Big Bopper (J.P. Richardson), American rock singer (b. 1930)
* Buddy Holly, American rock singer (b. 1936)
* Roger Peterson, pilot (b. 1937)
* Ritchie Valens, American rock singer (b. 1941)
February 3 – Vincent Astor, American philanthropist (b. 1891)
February 4 – Una O'Connor, Irish actress (b. 1880)
February 7 – Nap Lajoie, American baseball player (b. 1874)
February 11 – Marshall Teague, American race car driver (b. 1922)
February 12 – George Antheil, American composer (b. 1900)
February 14 – Baby Dodds, American jazz musician (b. 1898)
February 15 – Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
February 18 – Gago Coutinho, Portuguese aviation pioneer (b. 1869)
February 20 – Laurence Housman, English playwright and writer (b. 1865)
February 22 – Helen Parrish, American actress (b. 1924)
February 23 – Luis Palés Matos, Puerto Rican poet (b. 1898)
February 26
* Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife, eldest grandchild of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (b. 1891)
* Selig Suskin, Russian-born Israeli agronomist and early Zionist (b. 1873)
February 28 – Maxwell Anderson, American screenwriter (b. 1888)
March 1 – Mack Gordon, American composer and lyricist (b. 1904)
March 2 – Eric Blore, English actor (b. 1887)
March 3 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (b. 1906)
March 4 – Maxie Long, American athlete (b. 1878)
March 6 – Fred Stone, American actor (b. 1873)
March 15 – Lester Young, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1909)
March 17 – Galaktion Tabidze, Georgian poet (b. 1891)
March 21 – Edwin Balmer, American science fiction and mystery writer (b. 1883)
March 25 - Billy Mayerl, English pianist and composer (b. 1902)
March 26 – Raymond Chandler, American-born novelist (b. 1888)
March 27 – Grant Withers, American actor (b. 1905)
March 29 – Barthélemy Boganda, first President of the Central African Republic (b. 1910)
April 6 – Leo Aryeh Mayer, Israeli professor and scholar of Islamic art (b. 1895)
April 9 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (b. 1867)
April 12 – James Gleason, American actor (b. 1882)
April 18 – Irving Cummings, American actor (b. 1888)
May 5 – Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1878)
May 14 – Sidney Bechet, American musician (b. 1897)
May 16 – Elisha Scott, Irish footballer (b. 1894)
May 18
* Apsley Cherry-Garrard, Antarctic explorer (b. 1886)
* Enrique Guaita, Argentinian footballer (b. 1910)
May 24 – John Foster Dulles, United States Secretary of State (b. 1888)
May 30 – Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz, Argentinian journalist (b. 1898)
June 4 – Charles Vidor, American director (b. 1900)
June 8 – Pietro Canonica, sculptor (b. 1869)
June 9 – Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1876)
June 16 – George Reeves, American TV actor (b. 1914)
June 18 – Ethel Barrymore, American stage & screen actress (b. 1879)
June 20 – Hitoshi Ashida, Prime Minister of Japan 1948 (b. 1887)
June 23 – Boris Vian, French writer, poet, singer, and musician (b. 1920)
June 25 – Charles Starkweather, American spree killer (b. 1938)
July 6 – George Grosz, German artist (b. 1893)
July 11 – Charlie Parker, English cricketer (b. 1882)
July 15 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss composer (b. 1880)
July 17 – Billie Holiday, American singer (b. 1915)
July 25
* King Mutara III of Rwanda (b. c.1912)
* Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Chief Rabbi of Ireland and of Israel (b. 1888)
August 5 – Edgar Guest, English poet (b. 1881)
August 6 – Preston Sturges, American film director and writer (b. 1898)
August 15 – Blind Willie McTell, American singer (b. 1901)
August 16
* Benny Fields, American singer (b. 1894)
* William Halsey, Jr., American World War II naval officer (b. 1882)
* Wanda Landowska, Polish harpsichordist (b. 1879)
August 19
* Claude Grahame White, British aviation pioneer (b. 1879)
* Jacob Epstein, American-born sculptor (b. 1880)
August 28 – Bohuslav Martinů, Czech composer (b. 1890)
September 1 – Jack Norworth, American singer and songwriter (b. 1879)
September 6
* Edmund Gwenn, English actor (b. 1877)
* Kay Kendall, English actress(b. 1926)
September 7 – Maurice Duplessis, Premier of Quebec (b. 1890)
September 11 – Paul Douglas, American actor (b. 1907)
September 13 – Gilbert Adrian, American costume designer (b. 1903)
September 14 – Wayne Morris, American actor (b. 1914)
September 17 – Jack Llewelyn Davies, one of the 'Lost Boys' for the Peter Pan book (b. 1894)
September 25
* Solomon Bandaranaike, prime minister of Ceylon (b. 1899)
* Helen Broderick, American actress (b. 1891)
* Gerard Hoffnung, German-born English humorist (b. 1925)
September 28
* Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (b. 1901)
* Vinnie Richards, American tennis player (b. 1903)
September 30 – Taylor Holmes, American actor (b. 1878)
October 6 – Bernard Berenson, American art historian (b. 1865)
October 7 – Mario Lanza, American tenor (b. 1921)
October 14 – Errol Flynn, Australian actor (b. 1909)
October 16
* George C. Marshall, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1880)
* Minor Hall, American jazz musician (b. 1897)
October 18 – Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (b. 1898)
October 19 – Ebrahim Hakimi, Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1871)
October 20 – Werner Krauss, German actor (b. 1884)
October 22 – Joseph Cahill, Australian politician (b. 1891)
October 28 – Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuban revolutionary (b. 1932)
November 1 – M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar, Tamil film actor and producer (b. 1909)
November 2 – Michael Considine, Australian politician (b. 1885)
November 7 – Victor McLaglen, English actor (b. 1886)
November 10 – Lupino Lane, British actor (b. 1892)
November 15 – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
November 17 – Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (b. 1887)
November 21 – Max Baer, American boxer and actor (b. 1909)
November 22 – Molla Mallory, American tennis champion (b. 1884)
November 24 – Dally Messenger, Australian rugby league player (b. 1883)
November 25 – Gérard Philipe, French actor (b. 1922)
December 4 – Hubert Marischka, Austrian film director (b. 1882)
December 14 – Edna Wallace Hopper, stage actress (b. 1872)
December 22 – Gilda Gray, Polish-born dancer and actress (b. 1901)
December 24 – Edmund Goulding, American director (b. 1891)
December 28 – Ante Pavelic, Croatian fascist leader during World War II (b. 1889)
Physics – Emilio Gino Segrè, Owen Chamberlain
Chemistry – Jaroslav Heyrovský
Physiology or Medicine – Severo Ochoa, Arthur Kornberg
Literature – Salvatore Quasimodo
Peace – Philip John Noel-Baker
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
Births
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Deaths
January–March
April–June
July–September
October–December
Nobel Prizes
References
af:1959 am:1959 እ.ኤ.አ. ar:ملحق:1959 an:1959 frp:1959 ast:1959 gn:1959 av:1959 ay:1959 az:1959 bn:১৯৫৯ zh-min-nan:1959 nî map-bms:1959 be:1959 be-x-old:1959 bh:१९५९ bcl:1959 bs:1959 br:1959 bg:1959 ca:1959 cv:1959 cs:1959 cbk-zam:1959 co:1959 cy:1959 da:1959 pdc:1959 de:1959 et:1959 el:1959 myv:1959 ие es:1959 eo:1959 eu:1959 fa:۱۹۵۹ (میلادی) hif:1959 fo:1959 fr:1959 fy:1959 fur:1959 ga:1959 gv:1959 gd:1959 gl:1959 gan:1959年 xal:1959 җил ko:1959년 hy:1959 hi:१९५९ hr:1959. io:1959 ilo:1959 bpy:মারি ১৯৫৯ id:1959 ia:1959 ie:1959 os:1959-æм аз is:1959 it:1959 he:1959 jv:1959 kn:೧೯೫೯ pam:1959 krc:1959 джыл ka:1959 csb:1959 kk:1959 kw:1959 sw:1959 kv:1959 во ht:1959 (almanak gregoryen) ku:1959 la:1959 lv:1959. gads lb:1959 lt:1959 m. lij:1959 li:1959 jbo:1959moi lmo:1959 hu:1959 mk:1959 ml:1959 mi:1959 mr:इ.स. १९५९ arz:1959 ms:1959 nah:1959 nl:1959 ne:१९५९ new:ई सं १९५९ ja:1959年 nap:1959 no:1959 nn:1959 nrm:1959 nov:1959 oc:1959 mhr:1959 uz:1959 pa:੧੯੫੯ pi:१९५९ pnb:1959 pap:1959 tpi:1959 nds:1959 pl:1959 pt:1959 ty:1959 ksh:Joohr 1959 ro:1959 qu:1959 rue:1959 ru:1959 год sah:1959 se:1959 sq:1959 scn:1959 simple:1959 sk:1959 sl:1959 so:1959 ckb:١٩٥٩ sr:1959 sh:1959 su:1959 fi:1959 sv:1959 tl:1959 ta:1959 tt:1959 ел te:1959 tet:1959 th:พ.ศ. 2502 tr:1959 tk:1959 udm:1959 ар uk:1959 ur:1959ء vec:1959 vi:1959 vo:1959 fiu-vro:1959 wa:1959 vls:1959 war:1959 yi:1959 yo:1959 zh-yue:1959年 diq:1959 bat-smg:1959 zh:1959年This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| background | non_vocal_instrumentalist |
|---|---|
| birth name | Lester William Polsfuss |
| born | June 09, 1915Waukesha, Wisconsin, United States |
| died | August 12, 2009White Plains, New York, United States |
| genre | Jazz, country, blues, rock and roll |
| occupation | Innovator, Inventor, Musician, Songwriter |
| instrument | Guitar, Banjo, Harmonica |
| years active | 1928–2009 |
| website | lespaulonline.com |
| notable instruments | Gibson Les Paul }} |
His innovative talents extended into his playing style, including licks, trills, chording sequences, fretting techniques and timing, which set him apart from his contemporaries and inspired many guitarists of the present day. He recorded with his wife Mary Ford in the 1950s, and they sold millions of records.
Among his many honors, Paul is one of a handful of artists with a permanent, stand-alone exhibit in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He is prominently named by the music museum on its website as an "architect" and a "key inductee" along with Sam Phillips and Alan Freed.
Biography
Early life
Les Paul was born Lester William Polsfuss outside Milwaukee, in Waukesha, Wisconsin, to George and Evelyn (1888–1989) (née Stutz) Polsfus. His family was of German ancestry. Paul's mother was related to the founders of Milwaukee's Valentin Blatz Brewing Company and the makers of the Stutz automobile. His parents divorced when he was a child. The Prussia family name was first simplified by his mother to Polfuss before he took his stage name of Les Paul. He also used the nicknames Red Hot Red and Rhubarb Red.While living in Wisconsin, he first became interested in music at age eight when he began playing the harmonica. After an attempt at learning the banjo, he began to play the guitar. It was during this time that he invented a neck-worn harmonica holder, which allowed him to play the harmonica hands-free while accompanying himself on the guitar. Paul's device is still manufactured using his basic design. By age thirteen, Paul was performing semi-professionally as a country-music singer, guitarist and harmonica player. While playing at the Waukesha area drive-ins and roadhouses, Paul began his first experiment with sound. Wanting to make himself heard by more people at the local venues, he wired a phonograph needle to a radio speaker, using that to amplify his acoustic guitar. At age seventeen, Paul played with Rube Tronson's Texas Cowboys, and soon after he dropped out of high school to join Wolverton's Radio Band in St. Louis, Missouri, on KMOX.
Early career
Paul migrated to Chicago in 1934, where he continued to perform on radio. His first two records were released in 1936. One was credited to "Rhubarb Red", Paul's hillbilly ''alter ego'', and the other was as an accompanist for blues-artist Georgia White. It was during this time that he began playing jazz and adopted his stage name.Paul's jazz-guitar style was strongly influenced by the music of Django Reinhardt, whom he greatly admired. Following World War II, Paul sought out and befriended Reinhardt. After Reinhardt's death in 1953, Paul furnished his headstone. One of Paul's prize possessions was a Selmer Maccaferri acoustic guitar given to him by Reinhardt's widow.
Paul formed a trio in 1937 with singer/rhythm guitarist Jim Atkins (older half-brother of guitarist Chet Atkins) and bassist/percussionist Ernie "Darius" Newton. They left Chicago for New York in 1939, landing a featured spot with ''Fred Waring's Pennsylvanians'' radio show. Chet Atkins later wrote that his brother, home on a family visit, presented the younger Atkins with an expensive Gibson archtop guitar that had been given to Jim Atkins by Les Paul. Chet recalled that it was the first professional-quality instrument he ever owned.
Paul was dissatisfied with acoustic-electric guitars and began experimenting at his apartment in Queens, NY with a few designs of his own. Famously, he created several versions of "The Log", which was nothing more than a length of common 4x4 lumber with a bridge, guitar neck and pickup attached. For the sake of appearance, he attached the body of an Epiphone hollow-body guitar, sawn lengthwise with The Log in the middle. This solved his two main problems: feedback, as the acoustic body no longer resonated with the amplified sound, and sustain, as the energy of the strings was not dissipated in generating sound through the guitar body. These instruments were constantly being improved and modified over the years, and Paul continued to use them in his recordings long after the development of his eponymous Gibson model.
While experimenting in his apartment in 1940, Paul nearly succumbed to electrocution. During two years of recuperation, he relocated to Hollywood, supporting himself by producing radio music and forming a new trio. He was drafted into the US Army shortly after the beginning of World War II, where he served in the Armed Forces Network, backing such artists as Bing Crosby, the Andrews Sisters, and performing in his own right. As a last-minute replacement for Oscar Moore, Paul played with Nat King Cole and other artists in the inaugural Jazz at the Philharmonic concert in Los Angeles, California, on July 2, 1944. The recording, still available as Jazz at the Philharmonic- the first concert- shows Paul at the top of his game, both in his solid four to the bar comping in the style of Freddie Green and for the originality of his solo lines. Paul's solo on 'Blues' is an astonishing tour de force and represents a memorable contest between himself and Nat 'King' Cole. Much later in his career, Paul declared that he had been the victor and that this had been conceded by Cole. His solo on Body and Soul is a fine demonstration both of his admiration for and emulation of the playing of Django Reinhardt, as well as his development of some very original lines.
Also that year, Paul's trio appeared on Bing Crosby's radio show. Crosby went on to sponsor Paul's recording experiments. The two also recorded together several times, including a 1945 number-one hit, "It's Been a Long, Long Time." In addition to backing Crosby, The Andrews Sisters and other artists, Paul's trio also recorded a few albums of their own on the Decca label in the late 1940s.
In January 1948, Paul shattered his right arm and elbow in a near-fatal automobile accident on an icy Route 66 just west of Davenport, Oklahoma. Mary Ford was driving the Buick convertible, which rolled several times down a creekbed; they were on their way back from Wisconsin to Los Angeles after performing at the opening of a restaurant owned by Paul's father. Doctors at Oklahoma City's Wesley Presbyterian Hospital told him that they could not rebuild his elbow so that he would regain movement; his arm would remain permanently in whatever position they placed it in. Their other option was amputation. Paul instructed surgeons, brought in from Los Angeles, to set his arm at an angle—just under 90 degrees—that would allow him to cradle and pick the guitar. It took him nearly a year and a half to recover.
Guitar builder
Paul's innovative guitar, "The Log", built after-hours in the Epiphone guitar factory in 1940, a 4" × 4" chunk of pine with strings and a pickup, was one of the first solid-body electric guitars. Paul Tutmarc of Audiovox Manufacturing Co. built a solid body electric bass in 1935 and Adolph Rickenbacker had marketed a solid-body guitar in the 1930s and Paul A. Bigsby had built one for Merle Travis in 1948 and Leo Fender also independently created his own in 1949. Although Paul approached the Gibson Guitar Corporation with his idea of a solid body electric guitar, they showed no interest until Fender began marketing its Esquire which later became known as the Telecaster models.The arrangement persisted until 1961, when declining sales prompted Gibson to change the design without Paul's knowledge, creating a much thinner, lighter and more aggressive-looking instrument with two cutaway "horns" instead of one. Paul said he first saw the "new" Gibson Les Paul in a music-store window, and disliked it. Although his contract required him to pose with the guitar, he said it was not "his" instrument and asked Gibson to remove his name from the headstock. Others claimed that Paul ended his endorsement contract with Gibson during his divorce to avoid having his wife get his endorsement money. Gibson renamed the guitar "Gibson SG", which stands for "Solid Guitar", and it also became one of the company's best sellers.
The original Gibson Les Paul-guitar design regained popularity when Eric Clapton began playing the instrument a few years later, although he also played an SG and an ES-335. Paul resumed his relationship with Gibson and endorsed the original Gibson Les Paul guitar from that point onwards. His personal Gibson Les Pauls were much modified by him—Paul always used his own self-wound pickups and customized methods of switching between pickups on his guitars. To this day, various models of Gibson Les Paul guitars are used all over the world by both novice and professional guitarists. A less-expensive version of the Gibson Les Paul guitar is also manufactured for Gibson's lower-priced Epiphone brand.
On January 30, 1962, the US Patent and Trademark Office issued Paul a patent, Patent No. 3,018,680, for an "Electrical Music Instrument."
Multitrack-recording innovations
Paul had never been happy with the way his records sounded. During a post-recording session talk with Bing Crosby, the crooner suggested Paul try building his own recording studio so he might be able to get the sound he wanted. At first Paul discounted the idea only to give it a few more minutes thought before deciding Crosby was right. Paul started his own studio in the garage of his home on Hollywood's North Curson Street. The studio drew many other famous vocalists and musicians who wanted the benefit of Paul's expertise. The home and studio are still standing, but both had been moved to Pasadena at some point after Paul no longer owned the home.In 1948, Les Paul was given one of the first Ampex Model 200A reel-to-reel audio tape recording decks by Crosby and went on to use Ampex's eight track "Sel-Sync" machines for Multitrack recording. Capitol Records released a recording that had begun as an experiment in Paul's garage, entitled "Lover (When You're Near Me)", which featured Paul playing eight different parts on electric guitar, some of them recorded at half-speed, hence "double-fast" when played back at normal speed for the master. ("Brazil", similarly recorded, was the B-side.) This was the first time that Les Paul used multitracking in a recording (Paul had been shopping his multitracking technique, unsuccessfully, since the '30s. Much to his dismay, Sidney Bechet used it in 1941 to play half a dozen instruments on "Sheik of Araby"). These recordings were made not with magnetic tape, but with acetate discs. Paul would record a track onto a disk, then record himself playing another part with the first. He built the multitrack recording with overlaid tracks, rather than parallel ones as he did later. By the time he had a result he was satisfied with, he had discarded some five hundred recording disks.
Paul even built his own disc-cutter assembly, based on automobile parts. He favored the flywheel from a Cadillac for its weight and flatness. Even in these early days, he used the acetate-disk setup to record parts at different speeds and with delay, resulting in his signature sound with echoes and birdsong-like guitar riffs. When he later began using magnetic tape, the major change was that he could take his recording rig on tour with him, even making episodes for his fifteen-minute radio show in his hotel room. He later worked with Ross Snyder in the design of the first eight-track recording deck (built for him by Ampex for his home studio.)
Electronics engineer Jack Mullin had been assigned to a U.S. Army Signal Corps unit stationed in France during World War II. On a mission in Germany near the end of the war, he acquired and later shipped home a German Magnetophon (tape recorder) and fifty reels of I.G. Farben plastic recording tape. Back in the U.S., Mullin rebuilt and developed the machine with the intention of selling it to the film industry, and held a series of demonstrations which quickly became the talk of the American audio industry.
Within a short time, Crosby had hired Mullin to record and produce his radio shows and master his studio recordings on tape, and he invested US$50,000 in a Northern California electronics firm, Ampex. With Crosby's backing, Mullin and Ampex created the Ampex Model 200, the world's first commercially produced reel-to-reel audio tape recorder. Crosby gave Les Paul the second Model 200 to be produced. Using this machine, Paul placed an additional playback head, located before the conventional erase/record/playback heads. This allowed Paul to play along with a previously recorded track, both of which were mixed together on to a new track. This was a mono tape recorder with just one track across the entire width of quarter-inch tape; thus, the recording was "destructive" in the sense that the original recording was permanently replaced with the new, mixed recording.
Paul's re-invention of the Ampex 200 inspired Ampex to develop two-track and three-track recorders, which allowed him to record as many tracks on one tape without erasing previous takes. These machines were the backbone of professional recording, radio and television studios in the 1950s and early 1960s. In 1954, Paul continued to develop this technology by commissioning Ampex to build the first 8-track (multitrack) tape recorder, at his own expense. His design became known as "Sel-Sync" (Selective Synchronization), in which specially modified electronics could either record or play back from the record head, which was not optimized for playback but which had acceptable sound quality for musicians to listen to for the purposes of recording an "overdub" (OD) in sync with the original recording. This is the core technology behind multitrack recording.
Les Paul & Mary Ford
Paul met country-western singer Colleen Summers in 1945. They began working together in 1948, at which time she adopted the stage name Mary Ford. They were married in 1949. The couple's hits included "How High the Moon", "Bye Bye Blues", "Song in Blue", "Don'cha Hear Them Bells", "The World Is Waiting for the Sunrise", and "Vaya con Dios". These songs featured Ford harmonizing with herself.Like Crosby, Paul and Ford used the now-ubiquitous recording technique known as close miking, where the microphone is less than from the singer's mouth. This produces a more-intimate, less-reverberant sound than is heard when a singer is or more from the microphone. When implemented using a cardioid-patterned microphone, it emphasizes low-frequency sounds in the voice due to a cardioid microphone's proximity effect and can give a more relaxed feel because the performer isn't working so hard. The result is a singing style which diverged strongly from unamplified theater-style singing, as might be heard in musical comedies of the 1930s and 1940s.
Radio and television programs
Paul had hosted a fifteen-minute radio program, ''The Les Paul Show'', on NBC radio in 1950, featuring his trio (himself, Ford and rhythm player Eddie Stapleton) and his electronics, recorded from their home and with gentle humor between Paul and Ford bridging musical selections, some of which had already been successful on records, some of which anticipated the couple's recordings, and many of which presented re-interpretations of such jazz and pop selections as "In the Mood", "Little Rock Getaway", "Brazil" and "Tiger Rag". Over ten of these shows survive among old-time radio collectors today.The show also appeared on television a few years later with the same format, but excluding the trio and retitled ''The Les Paul & Mary Ford Show'' (also known as ''Les Paul & Mary Ford at Home'') with "Vaya Con Dios" as a theme song. Sponsored by Warner Lambert's Listerine mouthwash, it was widely syndicated during 1954–1955, and was only five minutes (one or two songs) long on film, therefore used as a brief interlude or fill-in in programming schedules. Since Paul created the entire show himself, including audio and video, he maintained the original recordings and was in the process of restoring them to current quality standards up until his death.
During his radio shows, Paul introduced the fictional "Les Paulverizer" device, which multiplies anything fed into it, like a guitar sound or a voice. Paul has stated that the idea was to explain to the audience how his single guitar could be multiplied to become a group of guitars. The device even became the subject of comedy, with Ford multiplying herself and her vacuum cleaner with it so she could finish the housework faster.
Later career
In 1965, Paul went into semi-retirement, although he did return to the studio occasionally. He and Ford had divorced in December 1962, as she could no longer cope with the traveling lifestyle their act required of them. Paul's most-recognizable recordings from then through the mid-1970s were an album for London Records/Phase 4 Stereo, ''Les Paul Now'' (1968), on which he updated some of his earlier hits; and, backed by some of Nashville's celebrated studio musicians, a meld of jazz and country improvisation with fellow guitar virtuoso Chet Atkins, ''Chester and Lester'' (1976), for RCA Victor.By the late 1980s, Paul had returned to active live performance, continuing into his 80s even though he often found it painful to play the guitar because of arthritis in his hands. In 2006, at age 90, he won two Grammys at the 48th Annual Grammy Awards for his album ''Les Paul & Friends: American Made World Played''. He also performed every Monday night, accompanied by a trio which included guitarist Lou Pallo, bassist Paul Nowinksi (and later, Nicki Parrott) and pianist John Colianni, originally at Fat Tuesdays, and later at the Iridium Jazz Club on Broadway in the Times Square area of New York City.
Composer Richard Stein (1909–1992) sued Paul for plagiarism, charging that Paul's "Johnny (Is the Boy for Me)" was taken from Stein's 1937 song "Sanie cu zurgălăi" (Romanian for "Sledge with Bells"). A 2000 cover version of "Johnny" by Belgian musical group Vaya Con Dios that credited Paul prompted another action by the Romanian Musical Performing and Mechanical Rights Society.
For many years Les Paul would sometimes surprise radio hosts Steve King and Johnnie Putman with a call to the "Life After Dark Show" on WGN (AM) in Chicago. These calls would take place in the wee hours of Tuesday Morning following his show at the Iridium Jazz Club. Steve and Johnnie continue to honor Les on Tuesday Mornings at 2:35 AM with their segment "A Little More Les" drawing from around 30 hours of recorded conversations with Les.
Death
On August 12, 2009, Paul died of complications from pneumonia at White Plains Hospital in White Plains, New York. His family and friends were by his side. Paul is survived by his four children and his companion Arlene Palmer. His attorney told the media Paul had been "in and out of the hospital" because of illness. His last concert took place a few weeks before his death.Upon learning of his death many artists and popular musicians paid tribute by publicly expressing their sorrow. After learning of Paul's death, former Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash called him "vibrant and full of positive energy.", while Richie Sambora, lead guitarist of Bon Jovi, referred to him as "revolutionary in the music business". U2 guitarist The Edge said, "His legacy as a musician and inventor will live on and his influence on rock and roll will never be forgotten."
On August 21, 2009, he was buried near Milwaukee in Waukesha, Wisconsin at Prairie Home Cemetery which indicated that his plot would be in an area where visitors can easily view it. Like his funeral in New York on August 19, the burial was private, but earlier in the day a public memorial viewing of the closed casket was held in Milwaukee at Discovery World with 1,500 attendees who were offered free admission to the Les Paul House of Sound exhibit for the day.
Awards and honors
Paul was initiated into the Gamma Delta chapter of the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity at the University of Miami in 1952. He has earned the Presidential award from the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity.In 1979, Paul and Ford's 1951 recording of "How High the Moon" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Paul received a Grammy Trustees Award for his lifetime achievements in 1983.
In 1988, Paul was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Jeff Beck, who said, "I've copied more licks from Les Paul than I'd like to admit." In 1991, the Mix Foundation established an annual award in his name; the Les Paul Award which honors "individuals or institutions that have set the highest standards of excellence in the creative application of audio technology". In 2005, he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for his development of the solid-body electric guitar. In 2006, Paul was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame. He was named an honorary member of the Audio Engineering Society. In 2007, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts.
A one-hour biographical documentary film ''The Wizard of Waukesha'' was shown at the Los Angeles International Film Exposition (FILMEX) March 4–21, 1980, and later on PBS television. A biographical, feature-length documentary titled ''Chasing Sound: Les Paul at 90'' made its world première on May 9, 2007, at the Downer Theater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Paul appeared at the event and spoke briefly to the enthusiastic crowd. The film is distributed by Koch Entertainment and was broadcast on PBS on July 11, 2007, as part of its American Masters series and was broadcast on October 17, 2008, on BBC Four as part of its Guitar Night. The première coincided with the final part of a three-part documentary by the BBC broadcast on BBC ONE ''The Story of the Guitar''.
In June 2008, an exhibit showcasing his legacy and featuring items from his personal collection opened at Discovery World in Milwaukee. The exhibit was facilitated by a group of local musicians under the name Partnership for the Arts and Creative Excellence (PACE). Paul played a concert in Milwaukee to coincide with the opening of the exhibit.
Paul's hometown of Waukesha is planning a permanent exhibit to be called "The Les Paul experience."
In July 2005, a 90th-birthday tribute concert was held at Carnegie Hall in New York City. After performances by Steve Miller, Peter Frampton, Jose Feliciano and a number of other contemporary guitarists and vocalists, Paul was presented with a commemorative guitar from the Gibson Guitar Corporation.
On November 15, 2008, he received the American Music Masters award through the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at a tribute concert at the State Theater in Cleveland, Ohio. Among the many guest performers were Duane Eddy, Eric Carmen, Lonnie Mack, Jennifer Batten, Jeff "Skunk" Baxter, Dennis Coffey, James Burton, Billy Gibbons, Lenny Kaye, Steve Lukather, Barbara Lynn, Katy Moffatt, Alannah Myles, Richie Sambora, The Ventures and Slash.
In February 2009, only months prior to his death, Les Paul sat down with Scott Vollweiler of Broken Records Magazine, in which would be one of Les Paul's final interviews. His candid answers were direct and emotional. Broken Records Magazine had planned to run that cover feature the following month but due to delays was held until the summer. 3 days before the release, Les Paul died. The issue would be his final cover feature of his storied career.
In August, 2009, Paul was named one of the ten best electric guitar players of all-time by ''Time'' magazine.
On June 9, 2010, which would have been Les Paul's 95th birthday, a tribute concert featuring Jeff Beck, Imelda May, Gary U.S. Bonds and Brian Setzer among others, was held at the Iridium Jazz Club where Les Paul played nearly every week almost to the end of his life. The concert was released on the live album Rock 'n' Roll Party (Honoring Les Paul) in 2011.
On June 9–10, 2011 Google celebrated what would have been Paul's 96th birthday with a Google doodle of an interactive guitar.
Personal life
Paul married Virginia Webb in 1938. They had two children, Gene (Lester Jr.), born in 1941 and named after actor-songwriter Gene Lockhart, and Russell (Rusty), born 1944, before divorcing in 1949. Later that year, Paul and Mary Ford (born Iris Colleen Summers) were married. They adopted a girl, Colleen, in 1958 and their son Robert (Bobby) was born the following year. They had also lost a child, who was born prematurely and died only four days old. Les Paul and Mary Ford divorced in 1963.Paul was the instructor of rock guitarist Steve Miller of the Steve Miller Band, to whom Paul gave his first guitar lesson. Miller's father was best man at Paul's 1949 wedding to Mary Ford.
Paul resided for many years in Mahwah, New Jersey.
Discography
Hit singles
| Year | Single | Chart positions | |||
| ! style="width:35px;" | ! style="width:35px;" | ! style="width:35px;" | ! style="width:35px;" | ||
| 1945 | 1 | ||||
| 1946 | 4 | ||||
| 21 | |||||
| 22 | |||||
| 11 | |||||
| 9 | |||||
| 21 | |||||
| 18 | |||||
| 6 | |||||
| 23 | |||||
| 2 | 7 | ||||
| 1 | 2 | ||||
| 12 | |||||
| 18 | |||||
| 2 | |||||
| 7 | |||||
| 5 | |||||
| 10 | |||||
| 2 | |||||
| 13 | |||||
| 14 | |||||
| 15 | |||||
| 14 | |||||
| 5 | |||||
| 15 | |||||
| 8 | |||||
| 7 | |||||
| 5 | |||||
| 10 | |||||
| 21 | |||||
| style="text-align:left;" | 1 | 7 | |||
| 15 | |||||
| 25 | |||||
| 13 | |||||
| 11 | |||||
| 6 | |||||
| 10 | |||||
| 19 | |||||
| 7 | |||||
| 38 | |||||
| 96 | |||||
| 91 | |||||
| 49 | |||||
| 91 | |||||
| 1957 | 35 | ||||
| 1958 | 32 | ||||
| 37 | |||||
| 105 | |||||
Albums
Singles
Compositions
Les Paul was also a prolific composer. Some of the songs he wrote were "Song in Blue", "Cryin'", "Hip-billy Boogie", "Suspicion", "Mandolino", "Magic Melody", "Don'cha Hear Them Bells", "The Kangaroo", "Big-Eyed Gal", "All I Need is You", "Mammy's Boogie", and "Walkin' and Whistlin' Blues".
See also
References
External links
Category:American jazz guitarists Category:American musical instrument makers Category:American radio personalities Category:Capitol Records artists Category:Columbia Records artists Category:Deaths from pneumonia Category:Decca Records artists Category:American musicians of German descent Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Guitar makers Category:Infectious disease deaths in New York Category:Inventors of musical instruments Category:Lead guitarists Category:Musicians from New Jersey Category:Musicians from Wisconsin Category:National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees Category:People from Mahwah, New Jersey Category:People from Waukesha, Wisconsin Category:RCA Victor artists Category:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients Category:1915 births Category:2009 deaths Category:American rock guitarists Category:American inventors Category:American blues guitarists
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Dame Joan Alston Sutherland, OM, AC, DBE (7 November 192610 October 2010) was an Australian dramatic coloratura soprano noted for her contribution to the renaissance of the bel canto repertoire from the late 1950s through to the 1980s.
''Beatrice di Tenda''—Joan Sutherland (Beatrice), Luciano Pavarotti (Orombello), Cornelius Opthof (Filippo), Josephine Veasey (Agnese), Joseph Ward (Anichino/Rizzardo), Ambrosian Opera Chorus, London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge—Decca
''I puritani''—Joan Sutherland (Elvira), Pierre Duval (Arturo), Renato Capecchi (Riccardo), Ezio Flagello (Giorgio), Giovanni Fioiani (Gualtiero), Margreta Elkins (Enrichetta), Piero de Palma (Bruno), Coro e Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, Richard Bonynge (conductor) –recorded 1963– Decca 448 969-2 / Decca 467 789-2 (part of a 10-CD set) / London POCL 3965-7
''I puritani''—Joan Sutherland (Elvira), Luciano Pavarotti (Arturo), Piero Cappuccilli (Riccardo), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Giorgio), Giancarlo Luccardi (Gualtiero), Anita Caminada (Enrichetta), Renato Cazzaniga (Bruno), Chorus of the Royal Opera, Covent Garden, London Symphony Orchestra—Richard Bonynge, Recorded 1973, Decca
''La sonnambula''—Joan Sutherland (Amina), Nicola Monti (Elvino), Fernando Corena (Rodolfo), Sylvia Stahlman (Lisa), Margreta Elkins (Teresa), Angelo Mercuriali (Notary), Giovanni Fioiani (Alessio), Coro e Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, Richard Bonynge recorded 1962—Decca 00289 448 9662 6 / 000320702 / 455 823-2—Track listing
''La sonnambula''—Joan Sutherland (Amina), Luciano Pavarotti (Elvino), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Rodolfo), Isobel Buchanan (Lisa), Della Jones (Teresa), Piero De Palma (Notaro), John Tomlinson (Alessio), National Philharmonic Orchestra, London Opera Chorus, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1980—Decca 2LH417-424
''Norma''—Joan Sutherland (Norma), Marilyn Horne (Adalgisa), John Alexander (Pollione), Richard Cross (Oroveso), Yvonne Minton (Clotilde), Joseph Ward (Flavio), London Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, Richard Bonynge, Recorded 1964—Decca
''Norma''—Joan Sutherland (Norma), Margreta Elkins (Adalgisa), Ronald Stevens (Pollione), Clifford Grant (Oroveso), Etela Piha (Clotilde), Trevor Brown (Flavio), Opera Australia Chorus, Elizabethan Sydney Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1978—DVD Arthaus Musik 100 180
''Norma''—Joan Sutherland (Norma), Montserrat Caballé (Adalgisa), Luciano Pavarotti (Pollione), Samuel Ramey (Oroveso), Diana Montague (Clotilde), Kim Begley (Flavio), Chorus and Orchestra of the Welsh National Opera, Richard Bonynge, Recorded 1984—Decca
''Carmen''—Regina Resnik (Carmen), Mario Del Monaco (Don Jose), Joan Sutherland (Micaëla), Tom Krause (Escamillo), Georgette Spanellys (Frasquita), Yvonne Minton (Mercedes), Robert Geay (Zuniga), Jean Prudent (Le Dancaire), Alfred Hallet (Le Remendado), Claude Cales (Morales)
''Griselda''—Joan Sutherland (Griselda), Lauris Elms (Ernesto), Monica Sinclair (Gualtiero), Margreta Elkins (Almirena), Spiro Malas (Rambaldo), Ambrosian Opera Chorus, London Philharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1967. Decca 448 977-2 (coupled with ''Montezuma'')
''Lakmé''—Joan Sutherland (Lakmé), Gabriel Bacquier (Nilakantha), Jane Berbié (Malika), Émile Belcourt (Hadji), Alain Vanzo (Gérald), Monte Carlo Opera Chorus, Orchestre National de l'Opéra de Monte-Carlo, Richard Bonynge, Recorded 1968, Decca Records.
''Emilia di Liverpool'' (excerpts) / ''Lucia di Lammermoor'' (excerpts)—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Joao Gibin (Edgardo), Tullio Serafin (conductor). Recorded 26 February 1959—Myto Records MCD 91545 (''Probably'' these are excerpts from the same performance as the Melodram recording.)
''Lucia di Lammermoor''—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), Renato Cioni (Edgardo), Robert Merrill (Enrico), Cesare Siepi (Raimondo), Chorus & Orchestra of the Accademia di Santa Cecilia, John Pritchard (conductor), Decca, 1961.
''Lucia di Lammermoor''—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), Luciano Pavarotti (Edgardo), Sherrill Milnes(Enrico), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Raimondo), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Richard Bonynge, Decca, 1971.
''Lucia di Lammermoor''—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), João Gibin (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Robert Bowman (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Tullio Serafin, recorded 1959—Golden Melodram GM 50024 or Giuseppe di Stefano GDS 21017 or Bella Voce BLV 107 218 (highlights). 2006 release: Royal Opera House Heritage Series ROHS 002.
''Lucia di Lammermoor''—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, recorded 1961—Celestial Audio CA 345
''Lucia di Lammermoor''—Joan Sutherland (Lucia), Richard Tucker (Edgardo), Frank Guarrera (Enrico), Nicola Moscona (Raimondo), Robert Nagy (Normanno), Thelma Votipka (Alisa), Charles Anthony (Arturo), Metropolitan Opera House, Conductor: Silvio Varviso. Recorded 9 December 1961 for radio broadcasting.
''La fille du régiment''—Joan Sutherland (Marie), Luciano Pavarotti (Tonio), Monica Sinclair (La Marquise de Berkenfield), Jules Bruyère (Hortensius), Spiro Malas (Sulpice), Eric Garrett (Le Caporal), Edith Coates (La Duchesse de Crakentorp), Orchestra & Chorus of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Richard Bonynge. Recorded: Kingsway Hall, London, 17–28 July 1967. Original LP release: SET 372-3 (two LPs), CD release: 414 520-2 DH2 (two CDs).
''L'elisir d'amore''—Joan Sutherland (Adina), Luciano Pavarotti (Nemorino), Dominic Cossa (Belcore), Spiro Malas (Dulcamara), Maria Casula (Giannetta), Ambrosian Opera Chorus, English Chamber Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Recorded: Kingsway Hall, London, 12–23 January and 1–10 July 1970. Original LP release: SET 503-5 (three LPs), CD release: 414 461-2 DH2 (two CDs), CD re-release: 475 7514 DOR2 (two CDs).
''Lucrezia Borgia''—Joan Sutherland (Lucrezia Borgia), Ronald Stevens (Gennaro), Margreta Elkins (Maffio Orsini), Richard Allman (Don Alfonso), Robin Donald (Jacopo Liveretto), Lyndon Terracini (Don Apostolo Gazella), Gregory Yurisich (Ascanio Petrucci), Lamberto Furlan (Oloferno Vitellozzo), Pieter Van der Stolk (Gubetta), Graeme Ewer (Rustighello), John Germain (Astolfo), Neville Grave (Un servo), Eddie Wilden (Un coppiere), Jennifer Bermingham (Principessa Negroni), Australian Opera Chorus, Sydney Elizabethan Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1977. VHS Video Cassette—Castle Video CV2845 (PAL); Polygram-Vidéo 070 031-3 (SECAM) Polygram 079 261-3 (PAL)
''Lucrezia Borgia''—Joan Sutherland (Lucrezia), Giacomo Aragall (Gennaro), Marilyn Horne (Orsini), Ingvar Wixell (Alfonso), London Opera Chorus, National Philarmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge (conductor), Decca, 1977.
''Maria Stuarda''—Joan Sutherland (Maria), Huguette Tourangeau (Elisabeta), Luciano Pavarotti (Leicester), Roger Soyer (Talbot), Margreta Elkins (Anna), James Morris (Cecil), Coro del Teatro Comunale di Bologna, Orchestra del Teatro Comunale di Bologna, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1975—Decca 00289 425 4102 / Lyrica LRC 1040/1041—Track listing and excerpts
''Faust''—Joan Sutherland (Marguerite), Franco Corelli (Faust), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Méphistophélès), Robert Massard (Valentin), Margreta Elkins (Siébel), Monica Sinclair (Marthe), Raymond Myers (Wagner), Ambrosian Opera Chorus and Highgate School Choir, London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Decca 0289 4705632 4 (2002 release) / 421 240-2 (1991 release) / 467 059-2 / London POCL 3962-4 Track listing and audio samples
''Alcina''—Joan Sutherland (Alcina), Margreta Elkins (Ruggiero), Lauris Elms (Bradamante), Richard Greager (Oronte), Narelle Davidson (Morgana), Ann-Maree McDonald (Oberto), John Wegner (Melisso), Chorus and Orchestra of Australian Opera, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1983. Celestial Audio CA 112
''Alcina'' coupled with ''Giulio Cesare in Egitto'' (highlights)—Margreta Elkins (Giulio Cesare), Joan Sutherland (Cleopatra), Marilyn Horne (Cornelia), Monica Sinclair (Tolomeo), Richard Conrad (Sesto), New Symphonic Orchestra of London, Richard Bonynge—Decca 00289 433 7232 / 467063-2 / 467 067-2—Track listing and excerpts
''Athalia''—Joan Sutherland, Emma Kirkby, Aled Jones, James Bowman, Anthony Rolfe Johnson, David Thomas, The Academy of Ancient Music, Christopher Hogwood (Conductor)
''Messiah''—Joan Sutherland, Grace Bumbry, London Symphony Orchestra, Sir Adrian Boult (Conductor)—Decca 433 003-2
''Rodelinda''—Alfred Hallett (Grimoaldo), Raimund Herincx (Garibaldo), Joan Sutherland (Rodelinda), Dame Janet Baker (Eduige), Margreta Elkins (Bertarido), Patricia Kern (Unolfo), Chandos Singers, Philomusica Antiqua Orchestra, Charles Farncombe. An English language version, recorded live on June 24, 1959—Opera D'oro OPD 1189 (two CDs) or Memories HR 4577–4578 or Living Stage LS 403 35147 (highlights).
''Rodelinda''—Joan Sutherland (Rodelinda), Huguette Tourangeau (Bertarido), Eric Tappy (Grimoaldo), Margreta Elkins (Eduige), Cora Canne-Meijer (Unolfo), Pieter Van Den Berg (Garibaldo), Netherlands Chamber Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Recorded 30 June 1973—Bella Voce BLV 10 7206.
''Idomeneo''—Sergei Baigildin (Idomeneo), Margreta Elkins (Idamante), Henri Wilden (Arbace), Leona Mitchell (Ilia), Joan Sutherland (Elettra), Australian Opera Chorus, Sydney Elizabethan Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, recorded 1979. Gala GLH 826 (highlights) and Celestial Audio CA 060 (highlights)
''Don Giovanni''—Gottlob Frick (Commendatore), Luigi Alva (Don Ottavio), Graziella Sciutti (Zerlina), Joan Sutherland (Donna Anna), Piero Cappuccilli (Masetto), Elisabeth Schwarzkopf (Donna Elvira), Eberhard Wächter (Don Giovanni), Heinrich Schmidt, Giuseppe Taddei (Leporello), London Philharmonia Orchestra, Carlo Maria Giulini. Recorded 1959—EMI 0724356787353
''Don Giovanni''—Gabriel Bacquier (Don Giovanni), Pilar Lorengar (Donna Elvira), Marilyn Horne (Zerlina), Joan Sutherland (Donna Anna), English Chamber Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 448 973-2
''Les Huguenots''—Joan Sutherland (Marguerite), Franco Corelli (Raoul), Giulietta Simionato (Valentine), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Marcel), Fiorenza Cossotto (Urbain), Gianandrea Gavazzeni, Orchestra e Coro del Teatro Alla Scala. Live: June 7, 1962. Opera D'Oro. Sung in Italian.
''Les Huguenots''—Dominic Cossa (Nevers), Gabriel Bacquier (Saint-Bris), Nicola Ghiuselev (Marcel), John Wakefield (Tavannes), Joseph Ward (Cossé), John Noble (Thoré), Glynne Thomas (Retz), John Gibbs (Meru), Clifford Grant (Maurevert), Janet Coster (Léonard), Dame Kiri Te Kanawa (1st Maid of Honour), Josephte Clement (2nd Maid of Honour), Arleen Auger (1st Gypsy Girl), Maureen Lehane (2nd Gypsy Girl), Joan Sutherland (Marguerite de Valois), Martina Arroyo (Valentine), Huguette Tourangeau (Urbain), Anastasios Vrenios (Raoul de Nangis), Alan Opie (2nd Monk), NPO, Bonynge. Decca 430 549-2, recorded in 1969.
''Les contes d'Hoffmann''—Joan Sutherland, Plácido Domingo, Gabriel Bacquier,, L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande, Orchestre du Radio de la Suisse Romande, Pro Arte de Lausanne, Andre Charlet, Richard Bonynge, studio recording made at Victoria Hall, Geneva, first published in 1976.
''Suor Angelica''—Joan Sutherland (Angelica), Christa Ludwig (La Zia Principessa), National Phiharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 475 6531 (coupled with Leoni's "L'oracolo")
''Turandot''—Joan Sutherland (Turandot), Luciano Pavarotti (Calaf), Montserrat Caballé (Liu), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Timur), Peter Pears (Emperor), London Phiharmonic Orchestra, Zubin Mehta. Decca 414 274-2, recorded in 1972.
''Semiramide''—Joan Sutherland (Semiramide), John Serge (Idreno), Joseph Rouleau (Assur), Spiro Malas (Oroe), Patricia Clark (Azema), Leslie Fyson (Mitrane), Michael Langdon (Spectre of Nino), Marilyn Horne (Arsace), London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 425 481-2, recorded in 1966.
''Hamlet''—Joan Sutherland, Gösta Winbergh, James Morris, Sheril Milnes, Orchestra and Chorus of the Welsh National Opera. Decca, 433 857-2.
''Ernani''—Luciano Pavarotti (Ernani), Joan Sutherland (Elvira), Leo Nucci (Carlo), Paata Burchuladze (Silva), Linda McLeod (Giovanna), Richard Morton (Riccardo), Alastair Miles (Jago), Orchestra and Chorus of Welsh National Opera, Richard Bonynge. Recorded: Walthamstow Assembly Hall, 10–21 May 1987. Original CD release: 421 412-2 DHO2 (two CDs), CD re-release: 475 7008 DM2 (two CDs)
''I masnadieri''—Joan Sutherland, Samuel Ramey, Franco Bonisolli, Matteo Manuguerra, Simone Alaimo, Orchestra and Chorus of the Welsh Nation, Richard Bonynge. CD re-release in 1993: 433 854–2 (two CD, DDD).
''Requiem''—Joan Sutherland, Marilyn Horne, Luciano Pavarotti, Martti Talvela, Vienna State Opera Chorus and Vienna Philharmonic (Sir Georg Solti). Decca 411 944-2
''Rigoletto''—Cornell MacNeil, Joan Sutherland, Renato Cioni, Cesare Siepi, Chorus & Orchestra of the Accademia di Santa Cecilia, Nino Sanzogno, Decca, 1961.
''Rigoletto''—Sherrill Milnes, Joan Sutherland, Luciano Pavarotti, Martti Talvela, Ambrosian Opera Chorus, London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Decca, 1971.
''La traviata''—Joan Sutherland, Carlo Bergonzi, Robert Merrill, Chorus & Orchestra of Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, John Pritchard, Decca, 1962
''La traviata''—Joan Sutherland, Luciano Pavarotti, Matteo Manuguerra, National Philharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. London 430 491-2 recorded in 1979.
''Il trovatore''—Luciano Pavarotti (Manrico), Ingvar Wixell (Il Conte di Luna), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Ferrando), Joan Sutherland (Leonora), Marilyn Horne (Azucena), Graham Clark (Ruiz), Norma Burrowes (Ines), Peter Knapp (Un vecchio zingaro), Wynford Evans (Un messo), London Opera Chorus, National Philharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Recorded: Kingsway Hall, London, 8, 10, 11, 13–18, 20 September 1976; 26 March 1977. Original LP release: D82D 3 (three LPs), CD release: 417 137-2 DH2* (two CDs), CD re-release: 460 735-2 DF2 (two CDs). ''(Ballet music not included in CD release)''.
''Siegfried''—Joan Sutherland as the Woodbird, Vienna Philharmonic (Sir Georg Solti) 1962 recording, London 414 110-2
Norma Major ''Joan Sutherland: The Authorized Biography'' Queen Anne P, 1987, ISBN 0-35612-693-5, ISBN 978-0356126937 / Little Brown & Co, 1994, ISBN 0-31654-555-4, ISBN 978-0316545556
''The Autobiography of Joan Sutherland—A prima donna's progress'' Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1997, ISBN 0297813218
Joan Sutherland at Decca Records
Joan Sutherland Collection at the Performing Arts Collection, the Arts Centre Melbourne (costumes, costume elements, costume designs, props, photographs, programmes, correspondence, scrapbooks, news clippings, business records etc.)
Dame Joan Sutherland programs in the National Library of Australia
Collected news and commentary at ''The New York Times''
R.I.P: Opera Legend Joan Sutherland – slideshow by ''Life''
;Interviews
ABC ''Sunday Profile'' interview: Dame Joan Sutherland
Arts and Culture: Ch. Purdy Interview with Dame Sutherland, November 2006
Joan Sutherland interview by Bruce Duffie
;Obituaries
Dame Joan Sutherland obituary, John Amis, Alan Blyth, ''The Guardian'', Monday, 11 October 2010
Joan Sutherland, Opera Soprano, Dies, Anthony Tommasini at ''The New York Times''
Joan Sutherland: addio, Stupenda, Anne Midgette at ''The Washington Post''
;Opinion
Joan Sutherland: the greatest soprano ever?, Martin Kettle at ''The Guardian''
Dame Joan Sutherland remembered at ''Opera Now''
Sutherland, Joan (1926–) National Library of Australia, ''Trove, People and Organisation'' record for Joan Sutherland
One of the most remarkable female opera singers of the 20th century, she was dubbed ''La Stupenda'' by a La Fenice audience in 1960 after a performance of the title role in Handel's ''Alcina''. She possessed a voice of beauty and power, combining extraordinary agility, accurate intonation, "supremely" pinpoint staccatos, a splendid trill and a tremendous upper register, although music critics often complained about the imprecision of her diction. Her friend Luciano Pavarotti once called Sutherland the "Voice of the Century"; Montserrat Caballé described the Australian's voice as being like "heaven".
Early life and career
Joan Sutherland was born to Scottish parents in Sydney, and attended St Catherine's School in the suburb of Waverley. As a child, she listened to and imitated her mother's singing exercises. Her mother, a mezzo-soprano, had taken voice lessons but never considered making a career as a professional singer. Sutherland was 18 years old when she began seriously studying voice with John and Aida Dickens. She made her concert debut in Sydney, as Dido in Purcell's ''Dido and Aeneas'', in 1947. In 1951, she made her stage debut in Eugene Goossens's ''Judith''. In 1951, after winning Australia's most important competition, the Sun Aria, now known as the Sydney Eisteddfod McDonald's Operatic Aria in 1949. She then went to London to further her studies at the Opera School of the Royal College of Music with Clive Carey. She was engaged by the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, as a utility soprano, and made her debut there on 28 October 1952, as the First Lady in ''The Magic Flute'', followed in November by a few performances as Clotilde in Vincenzo Bellini's ''Norma'', with Maria Callas as Norma.Being an admirer of Kirsten Flagstad in her early career, she trained to be a Wagnerian dramatic soprano. In December 1952, she sang her first leading role at the Royal Opera House, Amelia in ''Un ballo in maschera''. Other roles included Agathe in ''Der Freischütz'', the Countess in ''The Marriage of Figaro'', Desdemona in ''Otello'', Gilda in ''Rigoletto'', Eva in ''Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg'', and Pamina in ''The Magic Flute''. In 1953, she sang the role of Lady Rich in Benjamin Britten's ''Gloriana'' a few months after its world premiere, and created the role of Jennifer in Michael Tippett's ''The Midsummer Marriage'', on 27 January 1955.
Sutherland married Australian conductor and pianist Richard Bonynge on 16 October 1954. Their son, Adam, was born in 1956. Bonynge gradually convinced her that Wagner might not be her ''Fach'', and that since she could produce high notes and coloratura with great ease, she should perhaps explore the bel canto repertoire. She eventually settled in this ''Fach'', spending most of her career singing dramatic coloratura soprano.
In 1957, she appeared in Handel's ''Alcina'' with the Handel Opera Society, and in Donizetti's ''Emilia di Liverpool'', in which performances her bel canto potential was clearly demonstrated, vindicating her husband's judgement. The following year she sang Donna Anna in ''Don Giovanni'' in Vancouver.
In 1958, at the Royal Opera House, after singing, "Let the Bright Seraphim", from Handel's oratorio, ''Samson'', she received a ten minute-long standing ovation.
La Stupenda
In 1959, Sutherland was invited to sing ''Lucia di Lammermoor'' at the Royal Opera House in a production conducted by Tullio Serafin and staged by Franco Zeffirelli. The role of Edgardo was sung by her fellow Australian Kenneth Neate, who had replaced the scheduled tenor at short notice. It was a breakthrough for Sutherland's career, and, upon the completion of the famous Mad Scene, she had become a star. In 1960, she recorded the album ''The Art of the Prima Donna'', which remains today one of the most recommended opera albums ever recorded: the double LP set won the Grammy Award for Best Classical Performance – Vocal Soloist in 1962. The album, a collection consisting mainly of coloratura arias, displays her seemingly effortless coloratura ability, high notes and opulent tones, as well as her exemplary trill. The album was added to the National Film and Sound Archive's Sounds of Australia registry in 2011.By the beginning of the 1960s, Sutherland had already established a reputation as a diva with a voice out of the ordinary. She sang Lucia to great acclaim in Paris in 1960 and, in 1961, at La Scala and the Metropolitan Opera. In 1960, she sang a superb Alcina at La Fenice, Venice, where she was nicknamed ''La Stupenda'' ("The Stunning One"). Sutherland would soon be praised as ''La Stupenda'' in newspapers around the world. Later that year (1960), Sutherland sang Alcina at the Dallas Opera, with which she made her US debut.
Her Metropolitan Opera debut took place on 26 November 1961, when she sang ''Lucia''. After a total of 223 performances in a number of different operas, her last appearance there was a concert on 12 March 1989. During the 1978–82 period her relationship with the Met severely deteriorated when Sutherland had to decline the role of Constanze in Mozart's ''Die Entführung aus dem Serail'', more than a year before the rehearsals were scheduled to start. The opera house management then declined to stage the operetta ''The Merry Widow'' especially for her, as requested; subsequently, she did not perform at the Met during that time at all, even though a production of Rossini's ''Semiramide'' had also been planned, but later she returned there to sing in other operas.
During the 1960s, Sutherland had added the greatest heroines of bel canto ("beautiful singing") to her repertoire: Violetta in Verdi's ''La traviata'', Amina in Bellini's ''La sonnambula'' and Elvira in Bellini's ''I puritani'' in 1960; the title role in Bellini's ''Beatrice di Tenda'' in 1961; Marguerite de Valois in Meyerbeer's ''Les Huguenots'' and the title role in Rossini's ''Semiramide'' in 1962; Norma in Bellini's ''Norma'' and Cleopatra in Handel's ''Giulio Cesare'' in 1963. In 1966 she added Marie in Donizetti's ''La fille du régiment'', which became one of her most popular roles, because of her perfect coloratura and lively, funny interpretation.
In 1965, Sutherland toured Australia with the Sutherland-Williamson Opera Company. Accompanying her was a young tenor named Luciano Pavarotti, and the tour proved to be a major milestone in Pavarotti's career. Every performance featuring Sutherland sold out.
During the 1970s, Sutherland strove to improve her diction, which had often been criticised, and increase the expressiveness of her interpretations. She continued to add dramatic bel canto roles to her repertoire, such as Donizetti's ''Maria Stuarda'' and ''Lucrezia Borgia'', as well as Massenet's extremely difficult ''Esclarmonde'', a role that few sopranos attempt. With Pavarotti she made a very successful studio-recording of ''Turandot'' in 1972 under the baton of Zubin Mehta, though she never performed the role on stage.
Sutherland's early recordings show her to be possessed of a crystal-clear voice and excellent diction. However, by the early 1960s her voice lost some of this clarity in the middle register, and she often came under fire for having unclear diction. Some have attributed this to sinus surgery; however, her major sinus surgery was done in 1959, immediately after her breakthrough ''Lucia'' at Covent Garden. In fact, her first commercial recording of the first and final scene of ''Lucia'' reveals her voice and diction to be just as clear as prior to the sinus procedure. Her husband Richard Bonynge stated in an interview that her "mushy diction" occurred while striving to achieve perfect legato. According to him, it is because she earlier had a very Germanic "un-legato" way of singing. She clearly took the criticism to heart, as, within a few years, her diction improved markedly and she continued to amaze and thrill audiences throughout the world.
In the late 1970s, Sutherland's voice started to decline and her vibrato loosened to an intrusive extent. However, thanks to her vocal agility and solid technique, she continued singing the most difficult roles amazingly well. During the 1980s, she added ''Anna Bolena'', Amalia in ''I masnadieri'' and ''Adriana Lecouvreur'' to her repertoire, and repeated ''Esclarmonde'' at the Royal Opera House performances in November and December 1983. Her last full-length dramatic performance was as Marguerite de Valois (''Les Huguenots'') at the Sydney Opera House in 1990, at the age of 63, where she sang ''Home Sweet Home'' for her encore. Her last public appearance, however, took place in a gala performance of ''Die Fledermaus'' on New Year's Eve, 1990, at Covent Garden, where she was accompanied by her colleagues Luciano Pavarotti and the mezzo-soprano Marilyn Horne.
According to her own words, given in an interview with ''The Guardian'' newspaper in 2002, her biggest achievement was to sing the title role in ''Esclarmonde''. She considered those performances and recordings her best.
Retirement years
After retirement, Sutherland made relatively few public appearances, preferring a quiet life at her home in Les Avants, Switzerland. One exception was her 1994 address at a lunch organised by Australians for Constitutional Monarchy. In that address, she complained about having to be interviewed by a clerk of Chinese or Indian background when applying to renew her Australian passport. Her comments caused controversy among some sections of the community at the time.Sutherland had a leading role as Mother Rudd in the 1995 comedy film ''Dad and Dave: On Our Selection'' opposite Leo McKern and Geoffrey Rush.
In 1997 she published an autobiography, ''The Autobiography of Joan Sutherland: A Prima Donna's Progress''. It received generally scathing reviews for its literary merits, but it does contain a complete list of all her performances, with full cast lists.
Her official biography, ''Joan Sutherland: The Authorised Biography", published in February 1994, was written by Norma Major, wife of the then prime minister John Major.
In 2002 she appeared at a dinner in London to accept the Royal Philharmonic Society's gold medal. She gave an interview to ''The Guardian'' in which she lamented the lack of technique in young opera singers and the dearth of good teachers. By this time she was no longer giving master classes herself; when asked by Italian journalists in May 2007 why this was, she replied: "Because I'm 80 years old and I really don't want to have anything to do with opera any more, although I do sit on the juries of singing competitions." The Cardiff Singer of the World competition was the one that Sutherland was most closely associated with after her retirement. She began her regular involvement with the event in 1993, serving on the jury five consecutive times and later, in 2003, becoming its patron.
On 3 July 2008, she fell and broke both of her legs while gardening at her home in Switzerland. She completely recovered and attended a 2009 luncheon hosted by Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace in honour of members of the Order of Merit.
Death
On 11 October 2010, Sutherland's family announced that she had died at her home at Les Avants in Switzerland the previous day of cardiopulmonary failure – "the heart just gave out...When it came to the point that she physically couldn't do anything, she didn't want to live any more. She wanted to go, she was happy to go, and in the end she died very, very peacefully." Though she recovered from her fall in 2008, it led to more serious health problems. A statement from her family said "She's had a long life and gave a lot of pleasure to a lot of people." Sutherland had requested a small, private funeral service. Her funeral was held on 14 October and Opera Australia planned a tribute to her. Artistic director of Opera Australia, Lyndon Terracini, said "We won't see her like again. She had a phenomenal range, size and quality of voice. We simply don't hear that any more." Sutherland is survived by her husband, son, daughter-in-law and two grandchildren.Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard said, "She was of course one of the great opera voices of the 20th century," adding that Dame Joan showed a lot of "quintessential Australian values. She was described as down to earth despite her status as a diva. On behalf of all Australians I would like to extend my condolences to her husband Richard and son Adam and their extended family at this difficult time. I know many Australians will be reflecting on her life's work today."
Memorial service
A State Memorial Service on 9 November 2010, arranged by Opera Australia, was held at the Sydney Opera House. Speakers at the service were Julia Gillard, Prime Minister of Australia; Professor Marie Bashir, the Governor of New South Wales; Moffatt Oxenbould, the former Artistic Director of Opera Australia; and Sutherland's son, Adam Bonynge. The service was broadcast live by both ABC1 television and ABC Classic FM (radio) and streamed globally by ABC News 24. Further memorial services were held in Westminster Abbey on 15 February 2011, and in New York City on 24 May 2011, which was hosted by Marilyn Horne with an appearance by Richard Bonynge. In attendance were Sherrill Milnes, Norman Ayrton, Regina Resnick, and Spiro Malas.
Voice
Vocal timbre
Described as "fresh," "silvery" and "bell-like" until 1963, Joan Sutherland's voice, later became "golden" and "warm", music critic John Yohalem writes it was like "melten honey caressing the line." In his book "Voices, Singers and Critics", John Steane writes that "if the tonal spectrum ranges from bright to dark, "Sutherland's place would be near the centre, which is no doubt another reason for her wide appeal." According to John Yohalem, "Her lower register was a cello register, Stradivarius-hued." Her voice was full and rounded even in her highest notes, which was brilliant, but sometimes "slightly acid."In 1971, ''Time'' writes an article comparing Sutherland and Beverly Sills,
"Originally bright and youthful-sounding, her voice darkened as she transformed herself into a coloratura. There is a suggestion of Callas' famous middle register in Sutherland's vocal center—a tone that sounds as if the singer were singing into the neck of a resonant bottle. Today the Sutherland voice towers like a natural wonder, unique as Niagara or Mount Everest. Sills' voice is made of more ordinary stuff; what she shares with Callas is an abandon in hurling herself into fiery emotional music and a willingness to sacrifice vocal beauty for dramatic effect. Sutherland deals in vocal velvet, Sills in emotional dynamite. Sutherland's voice is much larger, but its plush monochrome robs it of carrying power in dramatic moments. Sills' multicolored voice, though smaller, projects better and has a cutting edge that can slice through the largest orchestra and chorus. Sometimes, indeed, it verges on shrillness. [...] In slow, legato music, Sills has a superior sense of rhythm and clean attack to keep things moving; Sutherland's more flaccid beat and her style of gliding from note to note often turn song into somnolence. Sills' diction in English, French and Italian is superb; Sutherland's vocal placement produces mushy diction in any language, but makes possible an even more seamless beauty of tone than is available to Sills."
Describing Sutherland's voice, John Yohalem writes:
On my personal color scale, which runs from a voluptuous red (Tebaldi) or blood-orange (Leontyne Price) or purple (Caballé) or red-purple (Troyanos) to white-hot (Rysanek) or runny yellow-green (Sills), Sutherland is among the “blue” sopranos – which has nothing to do with “blues” in the pop sense of the term. (Ella Fitzgerald had a blue voice, but Billie Holiday had a blues voice, which is very different.) Diana Damrau is blue. Mirella Freni is blue-ish. Karita Mattila is ice blue. Regine Crespin was deep blue shading to violet. Sutherland was true blue (like the Garter ribbon). There is a coolness here that can take on the passion in the music but does not inject passion where the music lacks it, could possibly use it.
Vocal category, size and range
Although she is generally described as a dramatic coloratura soprano, "categorizing Sutherland's voice has always been extremely difficult, both the size and the sound present definitional problems [...] Aside from singing some roles popular amongst coloratura sopranos, Sutherland’s voice could not be more different."In a 1961 profile in ''The New York Times Magazine'', Sutherland said she initially had "a big rather wild voice" that was not heavy enough for Wagner, although she did not realize this until she heard "Wagner sung as it should be."
Regarding the size of Sutherland's voice, ''Opera Britannia'' praise "a voice of truly heroic dimensions singing bel canto. It is doubtful if any soprano in this repertoire has fielded quite so much power and tone as Dame Joan, and this includes Callas and Tetrazzini. The contrast with other sopranos who sing the same roles is appropriately enough stupendous, with rival prima donnas producing small pin points of sound as compared to Sutherland's seemingly endless cascades of full tone." In 1972, music critic Winthrop Sargeant describes her voice "as large as that of a top-ranking Wagnerian soprano" in the ''The New Yorker''. French soprano Natalie Dessay states, "She had a ''huge'', ''huge'' voice and she was able to lighten suddenly and to take this quick coloratura and she had also the top high notes like a coloratura soprano but with a ''big, huge'' voice, which is very rare."
Sutherland's vocal range extended from G below the staff (G3) to high F (F6), or high F-sharp (F6), although she never sang this last note in a public performance.
Honours and awards
During her career and after, Sutherland received many honours and awards. In 1961, she was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). That year she was named the Australian of the Year.In the Queen's Birthday Honours of 9 June 1975, she was in the first group of people to be named Companions of the Order of Australia (AC) (the order had been created only in February 1975). She was elevated within the Order of the British Empire from Commander to Dame Commander (DBE) in the New Year's Honours of 1979.
On 29 November 1991, the Queen bestowed on Dame Joan the Order of Merit (OM). In January 2004 she received the Australia Post ''Australian Legends Award'' which honours Australians who have contributed to the Australian identity and culture. Two stamps featuring Joan Sutherland were issued on Australia Day 2004 to mark the award. Later in 2004, she received a Kennedy Center Honor for her outstanding achievement throughout her career.
Sutherland House and the Dame Joan Sutherland Centre, both at St Catherine's School, Waverley, and the Joan Sutherland Performing Arts Centre (JSPAC), Penrith, are all named in her honour.
John Paul College, a leading private school in Queensland, Australia, dedicated its newly established facility the Dame Joan Sutherland Music Centre in 1991. Sutherland visited the centre for its opening and again in 1996.
Roles
Sutherland performed live the following complete roles. {|class="wikitable sortable" !width="90px"|First performance!!Composer!!Work!!Role!!House!!Conductor!!Director!!class="unsortable"|Remarks |- |Jun 1947||Handel||''Acis and Galatea''||Galatea||Eastwood Masonic Hall, Sydney||||||Concert performance |- |Aug 1947||Purcell||''Dido and Aeneas''||Dido||Lyceum Club, Sydney||||||Concert performance |- |15 Jul 1950||Handel||''Samson''||Dalila and Israelite woman||Sydney Town Hall||||||Concert performance; Sutherland made her professional role debut as the Israelite woman on 14 October 1958 |- |9 Jul 1951||Goossens||''Judith''||Judith||Sydney Conservatorium of Music||Goossens||||Sutherland's first complete staged opera |- |16 Jul 1952||Puccini||''Il tabarro''||Giorgetta||Parry Theatre, RCM||Richard Austin||Peter Rice/Pauline Elliot|| |- |28 Oct 1952||Mozart||''The Magic Flute''||First lady||ROH, Covent Garden||Pritchard||Messel||Sutherland's professional debut |- |3 Nov 1952||Verdi||''Aida''||High Priestess||ROH, Covent Garden||Barbirolli||Cruddas|| |- |8 Nov 1952||Bellini||''Norma''||Clotilde||ROH, Covent Garden||Gui||Barlow|| |- |29 Dec 1952||Verdi||''Un ballo in maschera''||Amelia||ROH, Covent Garden||Pritchard||Barlow/Stone||Sutherland's first leading role |- |24 Feb 1953||Mozart||''The Marriage of Figaro''||Countess Almaviva||ROH tour, Edinburgh||J Gibson||Gerard|| |- |13 May 1953||Strauss||''Elektra''||Overseer||ROH, Covent Garden||Kleiber||Lambert|| |- |11 Aug 1953||Britten||''Gloriana''||Lady Rich||ROH tour, Bulawayo|||||| |- |19 Oct 1953||Wagner||''Die Walküre''||Helmwige||ROH, Covent Garden||Stiedry||Pemberton|| |- |2 Nov 1953||Bizet||''Carmen''||Frasquita||ROH, Covent Garden||Pritchard||Wakhévitch|| |- |4 Feb 1954||Verdi||''Aida''||Aida||ROH, Covent Garden||E Young||Cruddas|| |- |23 Mar 1954||Weber||''Der Freischütz''||Agathe||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Furse|| |- |30 Apr 1954||Piccinni||''La buona figliuola''||Lucinda||||Mackerras||||BBC radio broadcast |- |27 May 1954||Wagner||''Der Ring des Nibelungen''||Woglinde and Woodbird||ROH, Covent Garden||Stiedry||Hurry||Sutherland also sang the role of Helmwige, which she had sung previously; the other dates of the cycle were 2, 8, and 17 June |- |17 Nov 1954||Offenbach||''Les contes d'Hoffmann''||Antonia||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Wakhévitch|| |- |27 Jan 1955||Tippett||''The Midsummer Marriage''||Jenifer||ROH, Covent Garden||Pritchard||Hepworth||World premiere; Sutherland created the role |- |28 Feb 1955||Offenbach||''Les contes d'Hoffmann''||Giulietta||ROH tour, Glasgow||Downes||Wakhévitch|| |- |19 Jun 1955||Offenbach||''Les contes d'Hoffmann''||Olympia||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Wakhévitch|| |- |30 Sep 1955||Weber||''Euryanthe''||Euryanthe||||Stiedry||||BBC radio broadcast |- |30 Oct 1955||Bizet||''Carmen''||Micaela||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Wakhévitch|| |- |11 Mar 1956||Mozart||''La clemenza di Tito''||Vitellia||||Pritchard||||BBC radio broadcast |- |10 Nov 1956||Mozart||''The Magic Flute''||Pamina||ROH, Covent Garden||J Gibson||Messel|| |- |28 Jan 1957||Wagner||''Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg''||Eva||ROH, Covent Garden||Kubelík||Wakhévitch|| |- |19 Mar 1957||Handel||''Alcina''||Alcina||St Pancras Town Hall||Farncombe||||Concert performance; Sutherland first performed this role on stage on 19 February 1960 |- |8 Jun 1957||Verdi||''Rigoletto''||Gilda||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Gellner|| |- |5 Jul 1957||Mozart||''Der Schauspieldirektor''||Mme Hertz||Glyndebourne Festival Opera||Balkwill||Rice|| |- |16 Aug 1957||Scarlatti||''Mitridate Eupatore''||Laodice||||Appia||||BBC radio broadcast |- |8 Sep 1957||Donizetti||''Emilia di Liverpool''||Emilia||||Pritchard||||BBC radio broadcast |- |21 Dec 1957||Verdi||''Otello''||Desdemona||ROH, Covent Garden||Downes||Wakhévitch|| |- |16 Jan 1958||Poulenc||''Dialogues of the Carmelites''||Mme Lidoine||ROH, Covent Garden||Kubelík||Wakhévitch|| |- |24 May 1958||Haydn||''Applausus Musicus''||Temperantia||||Newstone||||BBC radio broadcast |- |26 Jul 1958||Mozart||''Don Giovanni''||Donna Anna||Vancouver Opera||Goldschmidt||Maximowna|| |- |17 Feb 1959||Donizetti||''Lucia di Lammermoor''||Lucia||ROH, Covent Garden||Serafin||Zeffirelli||This performance marked the beginning of Sutherland's international career |- |24 Jun 1959||Handel||''Rodelinda''||Rodelinda||Sadler's Wells Theatre||Farncombe||Pidcock|| |- |8 Jan 1960||Verdi||''La traviata''||Violetta Valéry||ROH, Covent Garden||Santi||Fedorovitch|| |- |24 May 1960||Bellini||''I puritani''||Elvira||Glyndebourne Festival Opera||Gui||Heeley|| |- |19 Oct 1960||Bellini||''La sonnambula''||Amina||ROH, Covent Garden||Serafin||Sanjust|| |- |21 Feb 1961||Bellini||''Beatrice di Tenda''||Beatrice||New York Town Hall||Rescigno||||Concert performance; Sutherland first performed this role on stage on 10 May 1961 |- |4 Jan 1962||Mozart||''The Magic Flute''||The Queen of the Night||ROH, Covent Garden||Klemperer||Eisler|| |- |28 May 1962||Meyerbeer||''Les Huguenots''||Maguerite de Valois||La Scala||Gavazzeni||Nicola Benois|| |- |17 Dec 1962||Rossini||''Semiramide''||Semiramide||La Scala||Santini|||| |- |20 Jun 1963||Handel||''Giulio Cesare''||Cleopatra||Sadler's Wells Theatre||Farncombe||Warre|| |- |17 Oct 1963||Bellini||''Norma''||Norma||Vancouver Opera||Bonynge||McLance/Mess|| |- |9 Mar 1965||Gounod||''Faust''||Marguerite||Connecticut Opera||Bonynge||Rome/Brooks van Horne|| |- |2 Jun 1966||Donizetti||''La fille du régiment''||Marie||ROH, Covent Garden||Bonynge||Anni/Escoffier|| |- |10 Apr 1967||Delibes||''Lakmé''||Lakmé||Seattle Opera||Bonynge|||| |- |21 May 1967||Haydn||''L'anima del filosofo''||Euridice||Theater an der Wien||Bonynge||Ludwig|| |- |12 Nov 1971||Donizetti||''Maria Stuarda''||Maria Stuarda||San Francisco Opera||Bonynge||Pizzi|| |- |26 Oct 1972||Donizetti||''Lucrezia Borgia''||Lucrezia||Vancouver Opera||Bonynge||Varona|| |- |23 Oct 1974||Massenet||''Esclarmonde''||Esclarmonde||San Francisco Opera||Bonynge||Montressor|| |- |12 Sep 1975||Verdi||''Il trovatore''||Leonora||San Francisco Opera||Bonynge||Hager/Skalicki|| |- |22 Apr 1976||Lehár||''The Merry Widow''||Hanna Glavari||Vancouver Opera||Bonynge||Varona|| |- |16 Jul 1977||Puccini||''Suor Angelica''||Suor Angelica||Sydney Opera House||Bonynge||Digby|| |- |23 Sep 1977||Massenet||''Le roi de Lahore''||Sita||Vancouver Opera||Bonynge||Mariani|| |- |4 Jul 1979||Mozart||''Idomeneo''||Electra||Sydney Opera House||Bonynge||Truscott|| |- |2 Jul 1980||Verdi||''I masnadieri''||Amalia||Sydney Opera House||Bonynge||Lees/Stennett|| |- |22 May 1983||Cilea||''Adriana Lecouvreur''||Adriana||San Diego Opera||Bonynge||O'Hearn/Mess|| |- |22 Jun 1984||Donizetti||''Anna Bolena''||Anna Bolena||Canadian Opera Company, Toronto||Bonynge||Pascoe/Stennett|| |- |4 Oct 1985||Thomas||''Hamlet''||Ophélie||Canadian Opera Company, Toronto||Bonynge||Shalicki/Digby/Stennett|| |}
Recordings
Recordings include: ;Vincenzo Bellini
References
Further reading
External links
Category:1926 births Category:2010 deaths Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Music Category:ARIA Hall of Fame inductees Category:ARIA Award winners Category:Australian dames Category:Australian expatriates in Switzerland Category:Australian female singers Category:Australian monarchists Category:Australian people of Scottish descent Category:Australian of the Year Award winners Category:Australian opera singers Category:Australian sopranos Category:Companions of the Order of Australia Category:Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire Category:Disease-related deaths in Switzerland Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Members of the Order of Merit Category:Operatic sopranos Category:People from Sydney Category:Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists
als:Joan Sutherland bg:Джоан Съдърланд ca:Joan Sutherland cy:Joan Sutherland da:Joan Sutherland de:Joan Sutherland et:Joan Sutherland el:Τζόαν Σάδερλαντ es:Joan Sutherland fr:Joan Sutherland ko:조안 서덜랜드 hy:Ջոան Սազերլենդ it:Joan Sutherland he:ג'ואן סאתרלנד la:Ioanna Sutherland lb:Joan Sutherland hu:Joan Sutherland ms:Joan Sutherland nl:Joan Sutherland ja:ジョーン・サザーランド no:Joan Sutherland pl:Joan Sutherland pt:Joan Sutherland ro:Joan Sutherland ru:Сазерленд, Джоан simple:Joan Sutherland sr:Џоун Садерланд fi:Joan Sutherland sv:Joan Sutherland tl:Joan Sutherland uk:Джоан Сазерленд vi:Joan Sutherland zh:瓊·蘇瑟蘭This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Blake Edwards |
|---|---|
| birth date | July 26, 1922 |
| birth name | William Blake Crump |
| birth place | Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States |
| death date | December 15, 2010 (age 88) |
| death place | Santa Monica, California |
| death cause | Pneumonia |
| occupation | Film director, screen and scriptwriter, producer, actor |
| nationality | American |
| party | Democratic |
| years active | 1942–95 |
| spouse | Patricia Walker, 1953-67 (divorced)Julie Andrews, 1969-2010 |
| children | 3 daughters, 1 son |
| residence | }} |
Edwards' career began in the 1940s as an actor, but he soon turned to writing radio scripts at Columbia Pictures. He used his writing skills to begin producing and directing, with some of his best films including: ''Experiment in Terror'', ''The Great Race'', and the hugely successful Pink Panther film series with the British comedian Peter Sellers. Often thought of as primarily a director of comedies, he was also renowned for his dramatic work, ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' and ''Days of Wine and Roses''. His greatest successes, however, were his comedies, and most of his films were either musicals, melodramas, slapstick comedies, or thrillers.
In 2004, he received an Honorary Academy Award in recognition of his writing, directing and producing an extraordinary body of work for the screen.
Career
Born William Blake Crump in Tulsa, Oklahoma. His grandfather was J. Gordon Edwards, a director of silent movies, and his stepfather, Jack McEdwards, became a film production manager after moving his family to Los Angeles in 1925. In an interview with ''Village Voice'' in 1971, he said that he had "always felt alienated, estranged from my . . . father." After attending grammar and high school in Los Angeles, he began taking jobs as an actor during World War II. Edwards describes this period:
I worked with the best directors—Ford, Wyler, Preminger—and learned a lot from them. But I wasn't a very cooperative actor. I was a spunky, smart-assed kid. Maybe even then I was indicating that I wanted to give, not take, direction.
His service in the United States Coast Guard led to a severe back injury, which left Edwards in pain for years afterward.
In the 1954-1955 television season, Edwards joined with Richard Quine to create Mickey Rooney's first television series, ''The Mickey Rooney Show: Hey, Mulligan'', a sitcom about a young studio page trying to become a serious actor. Edwards' hard-boiled private detective scripts for ''Richard Diamond, Private Detective'' became NBC's answer to Sam Spade and Philip Marlowe, reflecting Edwards's unique humor. Edwards also created, wrote and directed the 1959 TV series ''Peter Gunn'', with music by Henry Mancini. In the same year Edwards produced, with Mancini's musical theme, ''Mr. Lucky'', an adventure series on CBS starring John Vivyan and Ross Martin. Mancini's association with Edwards continued in his film work, significantly contributing to their success.
;''Operation Petticoat'' (1959) ''Operation Petticoat'' was Edwards' first big-budget movie as a director. The film, which starred Tony Curtis and Cary Grant, became the "greatest box-office success of the decade for Universal [Studios]," and made Edwards a recognized director.
;''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' (1961) ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'', based on the novel by Truman Capote, is credited with establishing him as a "cult figure" with many critics. Andrew Sarris called it the "directorial surprise of 1961," and it became a "romantic touchstone" for college students in the early 1960s.
;''Days of Wine and Roses'' (1962) ''Days of Wine and Roses'', a dark psychological film about the effects of alcoholism on a previously happy marriage, starred Jack Lemmon and Lee Remick. It has been described as "perhaps the most unsparing tract against drink that Hollywood has yet produced, more pessimistic than Billy Wilder's ''The Lost Weekend''." The film gave another major boost to Edwards' reputation as an important director.
Edwards' most popular films were comedies, the melodrama ''Days of Wine and Roses'' being a notable exception. His most dynamic and successful collaboration was with Peter Sellers in six of the movies in the Pink Panther series. Five of the those involved Edwards and Sellers in original material, while ''Trail of the Pink Panther'', made after Sellers died in 1980, was made up of unused material from ''The Pink Panther Strikes Again''. He also worked with Sellers on the film ''The Party''. Edwards later directed the comedy film ''10'' with Dudley Moore and Bo Derek.
;''Darling Lili'' (1969) ''Darling Lili'', starring Julie Andrews, is considered by many followers of Edwards' film as "the director's masterpiece." According to critic George Morris, "it synthesizes every major Edwards theme: the disappearance of gallantry and honor, the tension between appearances and reality . . . and the emotional, spiritual, moral, and psychological disorder" in such a world. Edwards used difficult cinematography techniques, including long-shot zooms, tracking, and focus distortion, to great effect.
However, the film failed badly at the box office. At a cost of $17 million to make, few people went to see it, and the few who did weren't impressed. It brought Paramount Pictures to "the verge of financial collapse," and became an example of "self-indulgent extravagance" in filmmaking "that was ruining Hollywood."
In 2004, Edwards received an Honorary Academy Award for cumulative achievements over the course of his film career.
Pink Panther films
Edwards is best known for directing most of the comedy film series ''The Pink Panther'', and all of the entries starring Peter Sellers as the bumbling Inspector Clouseau. It was considered a fruitful, yet complicated relationship, with many disagreements during production. At various times in their film relationship, "he more than once swore off Sellers," as too hard to direct. However, in his later years, he admitted that working with Sellers was often irresistible:"We clicked on comedy, and we were lucky we found each other, because we both had so much respect for it. We also had an ability to come up with funny things and great situations that had to be explored. But in that exploration there would oftentimes be disagreement . . . But I couldn't resist those moments when we jelled. And if you ask me who contributed most to those things, it couldn't have happened unless both of us were involved, even though it wasn't always happy."
The films were all highly profitable. ''The Return of the Pink Panther'' (1975), for example, cost just $2.5 million to make, but grossed $100 million, while ''The Pink Panther Strikes Again'' (1976), did even better.
;Silent film style Having grown up in Hollywood, the son of a studio production manager and grandson of a silent film director, Edwards had watched the films of the great silent clowns, including Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, and Laurel and Hardy. Both he and Sellers appreciated and understood the comedy styles in silent films and tried to recreate it in their work together. After their immense success with the first two Pink Panther films, ''The Pink Panther'' (1963) and ''A Shot in the Dark'' (1964), which adapted many silent film aspects, including slapstick, they attempted to go even further in ''The Party'' (1968). Although the film is relatively unknown, some have considered it a "masterpiece in this vein" of silent comedy, even though it included minimal dialogue.
Personal life
Edwards, the step-grandson of prolific silent-film director J. Gordon Edwards, married his first wife, actress Patricia Walker, in 1953; they divorced in 1967. She appeared in the comedy ''All Ashore'' (1953), for which Edwards was one of the screenwriters. Edwards' second marriage from 1969 until his death was to Julie Andrews. She appeared in a number of his films, including ''Darling Lili'', ''10'', ''Victor Victoria'' and the autobiographical satire ''S.O.B.'', in which Andrews played a character who was a caricature of herself. In 1995, he wrote the book for the stage musical adaptation of ''Victor/Victoria'', also starring Andrews.Edwards described his struggle with the illness chronic fatigue syndrome for 15 years in the documentary ''I Remember Me''.
Edwards and Andrews had five children. The two eldest, Jennifer and Geoffrey, are from his previous marriage; middle child Emma is from Andrews' first marriage; and the youngest children are two adopted orphans from Vietnam, Amelia Leigh and Joanna Lynne. Edwards and Andrews adopted them in the early 1970s. All of the children, except Joanna, have appeared in his movies.
Death
On December 15, 2010, Edwards died of complications of pneumonia at the Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California. His wife and children were at his side.
Legacy
Edwards was greatly admired as well as strongly criticized as a filmmaker during his career. On the negative side, general critique included this by American film author George Morris:It has been difficult for many critics to accept Blake Edwards as anything more than a popular entertainer. . . . Edwards' detractors acknowledge his formal skill but deplore the absence of profundity in his movies. . . Edwards' movies ''are'' slick and glossy, but their shiny surfaces reflect all too accurately the disposable values of contemporary life.
But others recognized him more for his significant achievements at different periods of his career. British film critic Peter Llyod, for example, described Edwards, in 1971, as "the finest director working in the American commercial cinema at the present time." Edwards' biographers, William Luhr and Peter Lehman, in an interview in 1974, called him "the finest American director working at this time." They refer especially to the ''Pink Panther'''s Clouseau, developed with the comedic skills of Peter Sellers, as a character "perfectly consistent" with his "absurdist view of the world, . . . because he has no faith in anything and constantly adapts." Critic Stuart Byron calls his early ''Pink Panther'' films "two of the best comedies an American has ever made." Polls taken at the time showed that his name, as a director, was a rare "marketable commodity" in Hollywood.
Edwards himself described one of the secrets to success in the film industry:
For someone who wants to practice his art in this business, all you can hope to do, as ''S.O.B.'' says, is stick to your guns, make the compromises you must, and hope that somewhere along the way you acquire a few good friends who understand. And keep half a conscience."
Filmography
References
External links
Category:1922 births Category:2010 deaths Category:20th-century actors Category:20th-century writers Category:21st-century writers Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients Category:Actors from Oklahoma Category:American comedy writers Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American screenwriters Category:American television writers Category:César Award winners Category:Deaths from pneumonia Category:Edgar Award winners Category:Infectious disease deaths in California Category:People from Tulsa, Oklahoma Category:People with chronic fatigue syndrome Category:Writers Guild of America Award winners
an:Blake Edwards ca:Blake Edwards cs:Blake Edwards cy:Blake Edwards da:Blake Edwards de:Blake Edwards et:Blake Edwards es:Blake Edwards fa:بلیک ادواردز fr:Blake Edwards hr:Blake Edwards id:Blake Edwards it:Blake Edwards he:בלייק אדוארדס la:Blake Edwards lb:Blake Edwards nl:Blake Edwards ja:ブレイク・エドワーズ pl:Blake Edwards pt:Blake Edwards ro:Blake Edwards ru:Эдвардс, Блэйк sk:Blake Edwards sr:Блејк Едвардс sh:Blake Edwards fi:Blake Edwards sv:Blake Edwards tr:Blake Edwards uk:Блейк Едвардс zh:布萊克·愛德華This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Cary Grant |
|---|---|
| birth name | Archibald Alexander Leach |
| birth date | January 18, 1904 |
| birth place | Bristol, England, United Kingdom |
| death date | November 29, 1986 |
| death place | Davenport, Iowa, United States |
| other names | Archie Leach |
| occupation | Actor |
| years active | 1932–66 |
| spouse | Virginia Cherrill (1934–1935)Barbara Hutton (1942–1945)Betsy Drake (1949–1962)Dyan Cannon (1965–1967)Barbara Harris (1981–1986) |
| partner | Maureen Donaldson (1973–1977) |
| children | Jennifer Grant, born on February 26, 1966 |
| relations | Cary Benjamin Grant, born on August 12, 2008 |
| Awards | Academy Honorary Award1970 For his unique mastery of the art of screen acting with the respect and affection of his colleagues. }} |
He was named the second Greatest Male Star of All Time by the American Film Institute. Noted for his dramatic roles as well as screwball comedy, Grant's best-known films include ''Bringing Up Baby'' (1938), ''Gunga Din'' (1939), ''The Philadelphia Story'' (1940), ''Penny Serenade'' (1941), ''Arsenic and Old Lace'' (1944), ''None but the Lonely Heart'' (1944), ''Notorious'' (1946), ''To Catch A Thief'' (1955), ''An Affair to Remember'' (1957), and ''North by Northwest'' (1959).
Nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Actor and five times for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor, Grant was continually passed over, and in 1970 was given an Honorary Oscar at the 42nd Academy Awards. Frank Sinatra presented Grant with the award, "for his unique mastery of the art of screen acting with the respect and affection of his colleagues".
Early life and career
Archibald Alexander Leach was born in Horfield, Bristol, to Elsie Maria Kingdon (1877–1973) and Elias James Leach (1873–1935). An only child, Leach had an unhappy upbringing, attending Bishop Road Primary School. His mother had suffered from depression since the death of a previous child. Her husband placed her in a mental institution, and told his nine-year-old son only that she had gone away on a "long holiday"; it was not until he was 31 that Grant discovered her alive, in an institutionalized care facility.He was expelled from the Fairfield Grammar School in Bristol in 1918. After joining the "Bob Pender stage troupe", Leach performed as a stilt walker and travelled with the group to the United States in 1920 at the age of 16, on a two-year tour of the country. He was processed at Ellis Island on July 28, 1920. When the troupe returned to the UK, he decided to stay in the U.S. and continue his stage career. During this time, he became a part of the vaudeville world and toured with Parker, Rand and Leach. Still using his birth name, he performed on the stage at The Muny in St. Louis, Missouri, in such shows as ''Irene'' (1931); ''Music in May'' (1931); ''Nina Rosa'' (1931); ''Rio Rita'' (1931); ''Street Singer'' (1931); ''The Three Musketeers'' (1931); and ''Wonderful Night'' (1931). Leach's experience on stage as a stilt walker, acrobat, juggler, and mime taught him "phenomenal physical grace and exquisite comic timing" and the value of teamwork, skills which would benefit him in Hollywood.
Hollywood stardom
After the light Broadway comedies, Grant went to Hollywood in 1931. When told to change his name, he proposed "Cary Lockwood," his character's name in a recent play called ''Nikki'', based upon the recent film ''The Last Flight''. He signed with Paramount Pictures, but while studio bosses were impressed with him, they were less than impressed with his adopted stage name. They decided that the name Cary was acceptable, but Lockwood had to go due to a similarity with another actor's name. It was after browsing through a list of the studio's preferred surnames that "Cary Grant" was born. Grant chose the name because the initials C and G had already proved lucky for Clark Gable and Gary Cooper, two of Hollywood's biggest movie stars. Already having appeared as leading man opposite Marlene Dietrich in ''Blonde Venus'' (1932), his stardom was given a further boost by Mae West when she chose him for her leading man in two of her most successful films, ''She Done Him Wrong'' and ''I'm No Angel'' (both 1933). ''I'm No Angel'' was a tremendous financial success and, along with ''She Done Him Wrong'', which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture, saved Paramount from bankruptcy. Paramount put Grant in a series of unsuccessful films until 1936, when he signed with Columbia Pictures. His first major comedy hit was when he was loaned to Hal Roach's studio for the 1937 ''Topper'' (which was distributed by MGM).
Under the tutelage of director Leo McCarey, his role in ''The Awful Truth'' (1937) with Irene Dunne was the pivotal film in the establishment of Grant's screen persona; as he later wrote, "I pretended to be somebody I wanted to be and I finally became that person. Or he became me. Or we met at some point." Grant's sophisticated light comedy persona first evident in ''The Awful Truth'' was largely concocted by McCarey, with Grant also copying many of McCarey's mannerisms. Along with the similarity in their names, McCarey and Cary Grant shared a close physical resemblance, making mimicking McCarey's intonations and expressions even easier for Grant. As writer/director Peter Bogdanovich notes, "After ''The Awful Truth'', when it came to light comedy, there was Cary Grant and then everyone else was an also-ran."
''The Awful Truth'' began "what would be the most spectacular run ever for an actor in American pictures"; during the next four years, Grant made the screwball comedy ''Bringing Up Baby'' and the romantic comedy ''Holiday'' (1938) with Katharine Hepburn; the adventures ''Gunga Din'' and ''Only Angels Have Wings'' (1939); ''His Girl Friday'' (1940) with Rosalind Russell; ''The Philadelphia Story'' (1940), with Hepburn and James Stewart; ''My Favorite Wife'' (1940) and ''Penny Serenade'' (1941) with Irene Dunne; and ''Suspicion'' (1941), the first of four with Alfred Hitchcock.
Grant remained one of Hollywood's top box-office attractions for almost 30 years. Howard Hawks said that Grant was "so far the best that there isn't anybody to be compared to him". David Thomson called him "the best and most important actor in the history of the cinema".
Grant was a favorite of Hitchcock, who called him "the only actor I ever loved in my whole life". Besides ''Suspicion'', Grant appeared in the Hitchcock classics ''Notorious'' (1946), ''To Catch a Thief'' (1955) and ''North by Northwest'' (1959). Biographer Patrick McGilligan wrote that, in 1965, Hitchcock asked Grant to star in ''Torn Curtain'' (1966), only to learn that Grant had decided to retire after making one more film, ''Walk, Don't Run'' (1966); Paul Newman was cast instead, opposite Julie Andrews.
In the mid-1950s, Grant formed his own production company, Granart Productions, and produced a number of movies distributed by Universal, such as ''Operation Petticoat'' (1959), ''Indiscreet'' (1958), ''That Touch of Mink'' (co-starring with Doris Day, 1962), and ''Father Goose'' (1964). In 1963, he appeared opposite Audrey Hepburn in ''Charade'' (1963). His last feature film was ''Walk, Don't Run'' with Samantha Eggar and Jim Hutton.
Grant was the first actor to "go independent" by not renewing his studio contract, effectively leaving the studio system, which almost completely controlled what an actor could or could not do. In this way, Grant was able to control every aspect of his career, at the risk of not working because no particular studio had an interest in his career long term. He decided which movies he was going to appear in, he often had personal choice of the directors and his co-stars and at times even negotiated a share of the gross, something uncommon at the time.
Grant was nominated for two Academy Awards in the 1940s, and received a special Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1970. In 1981, he was accorded the Kennedy Center Honors. Never self-absorbed, Grant poked fun at himself with statements such as, "Everyone wants to be Cary Grant—even I want to be Cary Grant". After seeing a telegram from a magazine editor to his agent asking "HOW OLD CARY GRANT?", Grant reportedly responded with "OLD CARY GRANT FINE. HOW YOU?"
Retirement and death
Although Grant had retired from the screen, he remained active in other areas. In the late 1960s, he accepted a position on the board of directors at Fabergé. By all accounts this position was not honorary, as some had assumed, Grant regularly attended meetings and his mere appearance at a product launch would almost certainly guarantee its success. The position also permitted use of a private plane, which Grant could use to fly to see his daughter wherever her mother, Dyan Cannon, was working. He later joined the boards of Hollywood Park, The Academy of Magical Arts (The Magic Castle, Hollywood, CA) Western Airlines (now Delta Air Lines), and MGM.In the last few years of his life, Grant undertook tours of the United States in a one-man show. It was called "A Conversation with Cary Grant", in which he would show clips from his films and answer audience questions. Grant was preparing for a performance at the Adler Theater in Davenport, Iowa on the afternoon of November 29, 1986 when he sustained a cerebral hemorrhage. He had previously suffered a stroke in October 1984. He died at 11:22 pm in St. Luke's Hospital at the age of 82.
In 2001 a statue of Grant was erected in Millennium Square, a regenerated area next to the harbour in his city of birth, Bristol, England.
In November 2005, Grant came in first in the "The 50 Greatest Movie Stars of All Time" list by ''Premiere Magazine''. Richard Schickel, the film critic, said about Grant: "He's the best star actor there ever was in the movies."
Personal life
Grant was married five times. He wed Virginia Cherrill on February 10, 1934. She divorced him on March 26, 1935, following charges that Grant had hit her. In 1942 he married Barbara Hutton, one of the wealthiest women in the world, and became a father figure to her son, Lance Reventlow. The couple was derisively nicknamed "Cash and Cary", although in an extensive prenuptial agreement Grant refused any financial settlement in the event of a divorce. After divorcing in 1945, they remained lifelong friends. Grant always bristled at the accusation that he married for money: "I may not have married for very sound reasons, but money was never one of them."On December 25, 1949, Grant married Betsy Drake. He appeared with her in two films. This would prove to be his longest marriage, ending on August 14, 1962. Drake introduced Grant to LSD, and in the early 1960s he related how treatment with the hallucinogenic drug —legal at the time— at a prestigious California clinic had finally brought him inner peace after yoga, hypnotism, and mysticism had proved ineffective. (In 1932, Grant had also met the Indian spiritual teacher Meher Baba.) Grant and Drake divorced in 1962.
He eloped with Dyan Cannon on July 22, 1965, in Las Vegas. Their daughter, Jennifer Grant, was born prematurely on February 26, 1966. He frequently called her his "best production" and regretted that he had not had children sooner. The marriage was troubled from the beginning, and Cannon left him in December 1966, claiming that Grant flew into frequent rages and spanked her when she "disobeyed" him. The divorce, finalized in 1968, was bitter and public, and custody fights over their daughter went on for nearly ten years.
On April 11, 1981, Grant married long-time companion Barbara Harris, a British hotel public relations agent, who was 47 years his junior. They renewed their vows on their fifth wedding anniversary. (Fifteen years after Grant's death, Harris married former Kansas Jayhawks All-American quarterback David Jaynes in 2001.)
Some, including Hedda Hopper and screenwriter Arthur Laurents have said, that Grant was bisexual, the latter writing that Grant "told me he threw pebbles at my window one night but was luckless". Grant allegedly was involved with costume designer Orry-Kelly when he first moved to Manhattan, and lived with Randolph Scott off and on for twelve years. Richard Blackwell wrote that Grant and Scott were "deeply, madly in love", and alleged eyewitness accounts of their physical affection have been published. However, Grant did admit in an interview that his first two wives had accused him of being homosexual. Betsy Drake commented: "Why would I believe that Cary was homosexual when we were busy fucking?"
Politics
Grant did not think movie stars should publicly make political declarations. Grant described his politics and his reticence about them this way:Throughout his life, Grant maintained personal friendships with colleagues of varying political stripes, and his few political activities seemed to be shaped by personal friendships. Repulsed by the human costs to many in Hollywood, Grant publicly condemned McCarthyism in 1953, and when his friend Charlie Chaplin, was blacklisted, Grant insisted that the actor's artistic value outweighed political concerns. Grant was also a friend of the Kennedy brothers and Robert Kennedy's press secretary Frank Mankiewicz. He hosted one of Robert Kennedy's first political fundraisers at his home. He made one of his rare statements on public issues following the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy, calling for gun control.
In 1976, after his retirement from movies, Grant made his one overtly partisan appearance, introducing his friend Betty Ford, the First Lady, at the Republican National Convention, but even in this he maintained some distance from partisanship, speaking of "your" party, rather than "ours" in his remarks.
Filmography
{|class="wikitable" |- ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes |- | rowspan=8|1932 | ''This Is the Night'' | Stephen | With Lili Damita, Charles Ruggles, and Thelma Todd |- | ''Sinners in the Sun'' | Ridgeway | With Carole Lombard and Chester Morris |- | ''Singapore Sue'' | First Sailor | Musical Comedy short subject |- | ''Merrily We Go to Hell'' | Charlie Baxter | UK title: ''Merrily We Go to _____'' With Sylvia Sidney and Fredric March |- | ''Devil and the Deep'' | Lieutenant Jaeckel | With Tallulah Bankhead and Gary Cooper |- | ''Blonde Venus'' | Nick Townsend | With Marlene Dietrich |- | ''Hot Saturday'' | Romer Sheffield | With Nancy Carroll and Edward Woods |- | ''Madame Butterfly'' | Lieutenant B.F. Pinkerton | With Sylvia Sidney and Charles Ruggles |- | rowspan=6|1933 | ''She Done Him Wrong'' | Capt. Cummings | With Mae West and Noah Beery, Sr. |- | ''The Woman Accused'' | Jeffrey Baxter | With Nancy Carroll |- | ''The Eagle and the Hawk'' | Henry Crocker | With Fredric March and Carole Lombard |- | ''Gambling Ship'' | Ace Corbin | With Jack La Rue and Glenda Farrell |- | ''I'm No Angel'' | Jack Clayton | With Mae West |- | ''Alice in Wonderland'' | The Mock Turtle | With W. C. Fields and Gary Cooper |- | rowspan=4|1934 | ''Thirty Day Princess'' | Porter Madison III | With Sylvia Sidney and Edward Arnold |- | ''Born to Be Bad'' | Malcolm Trevor | With Loretta Young (Heavily censored by the Hayes Office) |- | ''Kiss and Make-Up'' | Dr. Maurice Lamar | With Helen Mack and the WAMPAS Baby Stars of 1934 |- | ''Ladies Should Listen'' | Julian De Lussac | With Francis Drake and Edward Everett Horton |- | rowspan=4|1935 | ''Enter Madame'' | Gerald Fitzgerald | With top-billed Elissa Landi |- | ''Wings in the Dark'' | Ken Gordon | With Myrna Loy |- | ''The Last Outpost'' | Michael Andrews | With Claude Rains |- | ''Sylvia Scarlett'' | Jimmy Monkley | Directed by George Cukor With Katharine Hepburn |- | rowspan=4|1936 | ''Big Brown Eyes'' | Det. Sgt. Danny Barr | With Joan Bennett and Walter Pidgeon |- | ''Suzy'' | Andre | With Jean Harlow and Franchot Tone |- | ''The Amazing Quest of Ernest Bliss'' | Ernest Bliss | US title: ''Romance and Riches'' Alt title: ''The Amazing Adventure'' |- | ''Wedding Present'' | Charlie | With Joan Bennett |- | rowspan=4|1937 | ''When You're in Love'' | Jimmy Hudson | UK title: ''For You Alone'' With Grace Moore |- | ''Topper'' | George Kerby | With Constance Bennett |- | ''The Toast of New York'' | Nicholas "Nick" Boyd | With Edward Arnold and Jack Oakie |- | ''The Awful Truth'' | Jerry Warriner | Directed by Leo McCareyWith Irene DunneIntroduced the "Cary Grant persona" |- | rowspan=2|1938 | ''Bringing up Baby'' | Dr. David Huxley | Directed by Howard HawksWith Katharine Hepburn and Charles Ruggles |- | ''Holiday'' | John "Johnny" Case | Directed by George CukorWith Katharine HepburnUK title: ''Free to Live'' |- | rowspan=3|1939 | ''Gunga Din'' | Sgt. Archibald Cutter | Directed by George StevensWith Victor McLaglen and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. |- | ''Only Angels Have Wings'' | Geoff Carter | Directed by Howard HawksWith Jean Arthur, Thomas Mitchell, and Rita Hayworth |- | ''In Name Only'' | Alec Walker | With Carole Lombard and Charles Coburn |- | rowspan=4|1940 | ''His Girl Friday'' | Walter Burns | Directed by Howard HawksRemake of ''The Front Page''With Rosalind Russell |- | ''My Favorite Wife'' | Nick | Co-written by Leo McCarey Directed by Garson KaninWith Irene Dunne and Gail Patrick |- | ''The Howards of Virginia'' | Matt Howard |UK title: ''The Tree of Liberty'' With Martha Scott |- | ''The Philadelphia Story'' | C.K. Dexter Haven | With Katharine Hepburn and James Stewart |- | rowspan=2|1941 | ''Penny Serenade'' | Roger Adams | Nominated – Academy Award for Best ActorDirected by George StevensWith Irene Dunne and Edgar Buchanan |- | ''Suspicion'' | Johnnie | Directed by Alfred HitchcockWith Joan Fontaine |- | rowspan=2|1942 | ''The Talk of the Town'' | Leopold Dilg ''aka'' Joseph | With Ronald Colman and Jean Arthur |- | ''Once Upon a Honeymoon'' | Patrick "Pat" O'Toole | Directed by Leo McCareyWith Ginger Rogers |- | rowspan=2|1943 | ''Mr. Lucky'' | Joe Adams/Joe Bascopolous | With Laraine Day and Charles Bickford |- | ''Destination Tokyo'' | Capt. Cassidy | With John Garfield and Dane Clark |- | rowspan=3|1944 | ''Once Upon a Time'' | Jerry Flynn | With Janet Blair |- | ''Arsenic and Old Lace'' | Mortimer Brewster | With Priscilla Lane and Peter Lorre |- | ''None But the Lonely Heart'' | Ernie Mott | Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actor Written and directed by Clifford OdetsWith Ethel Barrymore |- | rowspan=3|1946 | ''Without Reservations'' | Himself (cameo) | With Claudette Colbert and John Wayne |- | ''Night and Day'' | Cole Porter | Directed by Michael Curtiz |- | ''Notorious'' | T.R. Devlin |Directed by Alfred HitchcockWith Ingrid Bergman and Claude Rains |- | rowspan=2|1947 | ''The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer'' | Dick | UK title: ''Bachelor Knight'' With Myrna Loy and Shirley Temple |- | ''The Bishop's Wife'' | Dudley | With Loretta Young and David Niven |- | rowspan=2|1948 | ''Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House'' | Jim Blandings | With Myrna Loy and Melvyn Douglas |- | ''Every Girl Should Be Married'' | Dr. Madison W. Brown | With Betsy Drake |- | 1949 | ''I Was a Male War Bride'' | Capt. Henri Rochard | UK title: ''You Can't Sleep Here''With Ann Sheridan |- | 1950 | ''Crisis'' | Dr. Eugene Norland Ferguson | With Jose Ferrer |- | 1951 | ''People Will Talk'' | Dr. Noah Praetorius | With Jeanne Crain |- | rowspan=2|1952 | ''Room for One More'' | George "Poppy" Rose | With Betsy Drake |- | ''Monkey Business'' | Dr. Barnaby Fulton | Directed by Howard HawksWith Ginger Rogers and Marilyn Monroe |- | 1953 | ''Dream Wife'' | Clemson Reade | With Deborah Kerr and Walter Pidgeon |- | 1955 | ''To Catch a Thief'' | John Robie |Directed by Alfred HitchcockWith Grace Kelly |- | rowspan=3|1957 | ''The Pride and the Passion'' | Anthony | With Frank Sinatra and Sophia Loren |- | ''An Affair to Remember'' | Nickie Ferrante |A same-script remake of ''Love Affair (1939 film)'', both directed by Leo McCarey With Deborah Kerr |- | ''Kiss Them for Me'' | Cmdr. Andy Crewson | Directed by Stanley DonenWith Jayne Mansfield and Suzy Parker |- | rowspan=2|1958 | ''Indiscreet'' | Philip Adams | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyDirected by Stanley DonenWith Ingrid Bergman |- | ''Houseboat'' | Tom Winters | With Sophia Loren |- | rowspan=2|1959 | ''North by Northwest'' | Roger O. Thornhill |Directed by Alfred Hitchcock With Eva Marie Saint, James Mason, and Martin Landau |- | ''Operation Petticoat'' | Lt. Cmdr. Matt T. Sherman | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyWith Dina Merrill and Arthur O'Connell |- | 1960 | ''The Grass Is Greener'' | Victor Rhyall, Earl | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Directed by Stanley DonenWith Deborah Kerr, Robert Mitchum, and Jean Simmons |- | 1962 | ''That Touch of Mink'' | Philip Shayne | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyDirected by Delbert MannWith Doris Day and Gig Young |- | 1963 | ''Charade'' | Peter Joshua / Carson Dyle / Alexander Dyle / Adam Canfield / Brian Cruikshank | Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Foreign ActorNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyDirected by Stanley DonenWith Audrey Hepburn, Walter Matthau, and James Coburn |- | 1964 | ''Father Goose'' | Walter Christopher Eckland | Directed by Ralph NelsonWith Leslie Caron and Trevor Howard |- | 1966 | ''Walk, Don't Run'' | Sir William Rutland | With Samantha Eggar Remake of ''The More the Merrier'' |}
References
Notes
Bibliography of cited references
External links
Category:1904 births Category:1986 deaths Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients Category:American film actors Category:American people of English descent Category:Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage Category:Deaths from stroke Category:English film actors Category:English emigrants to the United States Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:Old Fairfieldians Category:People from Bristol Category:Stroke survivors Category:Vaudeville performers Category:20th-century actors Category:European families of English ancestry
ar:كاري غرانت an:Cary Grant bcl:Cary Grant bs:Cary Grant bg:Кари Грант ca:Cary Grant cs:Cary Grant co:Cary Grant da:Cary Grant de:Cary Grant et:Cary Grant el:Κάρι Γκραντ es:Cary Grant eo:Cary Grant eu:Cary Grant fa:کری گرانت fr:Cary Grant ga:Cary Grant gd:Cary Grant gl:Cary Grant ko:캐리 그랜트 hr:Cary Grant id:Cary Grant it:Cary Grant he:קרי גרנט sw:Cary Grant la:Cary Grant hu:Cary Grant mk:Кери Грант nl:Cary Grant ja:ケーリー・グラント no:Cary Grant pl:Cary Grant pt:Cary Grant ro:Cary Grant ru:Кэри Грант sq:Cary Grant simple:Cary Grant sr:Кери Грант sh:Cary Grant fi:Cary Grant sv:Cary Grant th:แครี แกรนต์ tr:Cary Grant uk:Кері Грант vi:Cary Grant zh:加里·格兰特This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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