IDIQ is a contracting acronym meaning Indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity. This is a type of contract that provides for an indefinite quantity of supplies or services during a fixed period of time. The legal origin of IDIQ contracts is the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), section 16.501(a).

IDIQ contracts are most often used for service contracts and Architect-Engineering (A-E) services. Awards are usually for base years as well as option years. The Government places delivery orders (for supplies) or task orders (for services) against a basic contract for individual requirements. Minimum and maximum quantity limits are specified in the basic contract as either number of units (for supplies) or as dollar values (for services). The Government uses an IDIQ contract when it cannot predetermine, above a specified minimum, the precise quantities of supplies or services that the Government will require during the contract period.

An IDIQ contract allows for a certain amount of contract process streamlining, as negotiations can be made only with the selected company, and such contracts are exempt from protest, per Federal Acquisition Regulation’s Subpart 33.

IDIQ contracts are frequently awarded by various U.S. Government agencies, including the GSA and Department of Defense. IDIQ contracts can be in the form of multi-agency contracts under the Government-Wide Acquisition Contracts (GWAC) system, or they may be government agency-specific contracts.

For federal information-technology contracts, the use of GWAC and IDIQ Multiple Award practices grew during and beyond the 1990s. Traditionally, GSA resold, throughout the federal government, products and services acquired via GSA-awarded contracts. For example, GSA resold long-distance telecommunications services, telephone equipment, and professional services, based on GSA IDIQ contracts with private-sector suppliers. Also, GSA oversaw information-technology procurements conducted by other Executive Branch agencies. Each of those procurements was for use by the agency conducting the procurement. In the early 1990s, Information Resources Management Service commissioner Thomas J. Buckholtz proposed that GSA offer agencies opportunities to conduct their procurements so that all agencies could buy from the resulting contracts. By early 1993, twenty-four non-GSA projects were pursuing GWAC procurements. In 2006, a journalist estimated a total of $290 billion of then-current GWAC activity, including contracts still in use, procurements out to bid, and procurements being planned.

References

''Portions of this text were taken from various U.S. Government websites, as referenced. As works of the U.S. Government, the text so taken is in the public domain.''

External links

Ryan, Stephen, "The new law will cannibalize IDIQ contracts", ''Government Computer News'', March 18, 1996

Gerin, Roseanne, "New dawn for GWACs”, ''Washington Technology'', January 26, 2006

Category:Contract law Category:General Services Administration

Name	Yngwie Malmsteen
Background	solo_singer
Alias	Yngwie J. MalmsteenLars Y. Loudamp
Birth name	Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck
Born	June 30, 1963Stockholm, Sweden
Instrument	Guitar, bass, keyboards, vocals, sitar, cello
Genre	Heavy metal, neo-classical metal, speed metal, hard rock, power metal
Occupation	Musician, songwriter, producer
Years active	1978–present
Label	Polydor, Polygram, Elektra, Rising Force Records, Universal Music
Associated acts	Steeler, Alcatrazz, Rising Force, Hear 'n Aid, G3
Website	Official website
Notable instruments	Yngwie Malmsteen Signature Stratocaster }}

Yngwie Johann Malmsteen ( ; born June 30, 1963) is a Swedish virtuoso guitarist, composer, multi-instrumentalist and bandleader. Malmsteen became known for his neo-classical playing approach in heavy metal music which became a new musical style in the early 1980s. He is considered by many to be one of the most technically gifted rock guitarists of all time and a pioneer of shred guitar.

Early life

Malmsteen was born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck in Stockholm, Sweden, as the third child of a musically-inclined family. At age seven, he saw a television news report on the death of Jimi Hendrix, an event which had a profound impact on his musical path. Malmsteen has later stated that Hendrix had no musical impact on him, but on September 18, 1970 he saw a TV special of Hendrix, where he smashed and burned his guitar, and Malmsteen thought: "this is really cool". To quote his official website, "The day Jimi Hendrix died, the guitar-playing Yngwie was born". At the age of 10 he took his mother's maiden name Malmsten as his surname, slightly changed it to Malmsteen, and Anglicised his given name Yngve to "Yngwie". Yngwie also created his first band "Track On Earth" at the age of 10, consisting of himself and a friend from school on drums (Armin). Malmsteen was a teenager when he first encountered the music of the 19th century violin virtuoso Niccolò Paganini, whom he cites as his biggest classical music influence. Ritchie Blackmore and Uli Jon Roth are also cited as being significant influences, as is Brian May of Queen. He played featuring Denim And Leather song with Saxon during The Eagle Has Landed part II tour.

Recording career

1980s

In late 1982, Mike Varney of Shrapnel Records, who had heard a demo tape of Malmsteen's playing, brought Malmsteen to the U.S. He had brief engagements with Steeler, for their self-titled album of 1983, then Graham Bonnet's Alcatrazz, for their 1983 debut ''No Parole from Rock 'n' Roll'', and the 1984 live album ''Live Sentence''. Malmsteen released his first solo album ''Rising Force'' in 1984, which featured Barrie Barlow of Jethro Tull on drums. His album was really meant to be an instrumental side-project of Alcatrazz, but it contained vocals, and Malmsteen left Alcatrazz soon after the release of ''Rising Force''.

''Rising Force'' won the Guitar Player Magazine's award for Best Rock Album and was also nominated for a Grammy for 'Best Rock Instrumental', achieving #60 on the Billboard album chart. Yngwie J. Malmsteen's Rising Force (as his band was thereafter known) next released ''Marching Out'' (1985). Jeff Scott Soto filled vocal duties on these initial albums. His third album, ''Trilogy'', featuring the vocals of Mark Boals, was released in 1986. In 1987, another singer, former Rainbow vocalist Joe Lynn Turner joined his band. That year, Malmsteen was in a serious car accident, smashing his Jaguar E-Type into a tree and putting him in a coma for a week. Nerve damage to his right hand was reported. During his time in the hospital, Malmsteen's mother died from cancer. In the summer of 1988 he released his fourth album, ''Odyssey''. Odyssey would be his biggest hit album, mainly because of its first single "Heaven Tonight". Shows in Russia during the Odyssey tour were recorded, and released in 1989 as his fifth album ''Trial By Fire: Live in Leningrad''.

Malmsteen's "Neo-classical" style of metal became popular among some guitarists during the mid 1980s, with contemporaries such as Jason Becker, Paul Gilbert, Marty Friedman, Tony MacAlpine and Vinnie Moore becoming prominent. In late 1988, Malmsteen's signature Fender Stratocaster guitar was released, making him and Eric Clapton the first artists to be honored by Fender.

1990s

In the early 1990s, Malmsteen released the albums ''Eclipse'' (1990), ''The Yngwie Malmsteen Collection'' (1991), ''Fire and Ice'' (1992) and ''The Seventh Sign'' (1994). Despite his early success, and continuous success in Europe and Asia, by the early 1990s 1980s heavy metal styles such as neoclassical metal and lengthy, virtuoso shred guitar solos had become unfashionable in the US.

In 1993, Malmsteen's future mother-in-law, opposed to his engagement to her daughter, had him falsely arrested for holding the woman hostage with a gun. The charges were quickly dropped. Malmsteen continued to record and release albums under the Japanese record label Pony Canyon, and maintained a devoted following from some fans in Europe and Japan, and to a lesser extent in the USA. In 2000, he once again acquired a contract with a US record label, Spitfire, and released his 1990s catalog into the US market for the first time, including what he regards as his masterpiece, ''Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra'', recorded with the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra in Prague.

In the mid 1990's Malmsteen went on to release the albums Magnum Opus (1995), Inspiration (1996) Facing the Animal (1997), Double LIVE! (1998) and Alchemy (1999). In 1996, Malmsteen joined forces with former band members Jeff Scott Soto and Marcel Jacob on the Human Clay album where he played lead guitar on the track Jealousy

2000s

After the release of ''War to End All Wars'' in 2000, singer Mark Boals left the band. He was replaced by former Rainbow vocalist Doogie White. White's vocals were well received by fans. In 2003, Malmsteen joined Joe Satriani and Steve Vai as part of the G3 supergroup. Malmsteen made two guest appearances on keyboardist Derek Sherinian's albums ''Black Utopia'' (2003), and ''Blood of the Snake'' (2006) where Malmsteen is heard on the same tracks as Al Di Meola and Zakk Wylde. In 2004, Malmsteen made two cameo appearances on Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law.

Malmsteen released ''Unleash the Fury'' in 2005. (This title may be a reference to an audio recording that supposedly captured Malmsteen's immoderate response to a flight attendant who spilled a beverage on him. The recording found popularity in filesharing networks as an example of the absurd behavior of celebrities.) He is married to April (Ebru Solmaz, born in Istanbul, Turkey) and has a son named Antonio after Antonio Vivaldi, and they live in Miami, Florida. A noted Ferrari enthusiast, Malmsteen owned a black 1985 308 GTS for 18 years before selling it on eBay, and a red 1962 250 GTO. In 2007, Malmsteen was honored in the Xbox 360 version of ''Guitar Hero II''. Players can receive the "Yngwie Malmsteen" award by hitting 1000 or more notes in succession. February 2008 saw the replacement of singer Doogie White with former Iced Earth and Judas Priest and current Beyond Fear singer Tim "Ripper" Owens, with whom Malmsteen had once recorded a cover of Ozzy Osbourne's song "Mr. Crowley", for the 2000 Osbourne tribute album ''Bat Head Soup: A Tribute to Ozzy''. The first Malmsteen album to feature Owens is titled Perpetual Flame and was released on October 14. On November 25, 2008, Malmsteen had three of his songs ("Caprici Di Diablo", "Damnation Game", and "Red Devil") released as downloadable content for the video games ''Rock Band'' and ''Rock Band 2''. In 2008 Malmsteen was a special guest on the VH1 Classic show "That Metal Show". In the 10th of March 2009, Malmsteen's label Rising Force has launched his new release Angels of Love, an instrumental album which features acoustic arrangements of some of his best-known ballads.

In August 2009, ''Time'' magazine named Malmsteen #9 on its list of the 10 best electric guitar players of all-time. Malmsteen recently released another album compilation entitled High Impact on December 8, 2009.

2010s

On November 23, 2010 ''Relentless'' was released, the second album to feature Tim "Ripper" Owens on vocals. The US version features a remake of "Arpeggios From Hell" as a bonus track. Yngwie appeared on Late Night With Jimmy Fallon along with Dana Carvey on February 3, 2011 to promote his album.

Technique and style

Malmsteen is known for his technical fluency and neo-classical metal compositions, often incorporating high speed picking and sweep picked arpeggios with harmonic minor and phrygian scales, and diminished arpeggios. He is often considered one of the most talented rock guitarists of all time and is considered to be a pioneer of shred guitar.

Musical equipment

Malmsteen has been a longtime user of Fender Stratocasters. His most famous Stratocaster is his 1972 blonde Strat, nicknamed "The Duck" because of its yellow finish and the Donald Duck stickers on the body. An alternative nickname for this guitar is "Play Loud" due to a sticker on the upper horn of the guitar. Fender made 100 replica copies of this guitar and marketed it as the "Play Loud Guitar". He also has a signature Stratocaster. It comes in a Vintage White finish with a maple neck, either a maple or rosewood fretboard with scalloped frets and, from 2010, Seymour Duncan STK-S10 YJM "Fury" Model pickups. There is also a signature YJM100 Marshall amplifier, based on the '1959' amplifier range.

Yngwie has stated that he prefers Stratocasters from the period of 1968-1972; he claims that the bigger headstock on these generates more sustain. Yngwie customizes his guitars by fitting a brass nut, removing the middle string tree and scalloping the fretboard. Yngwie previously disconnected the tone controls on his guitars but has said that he no longer does this.

Yngwie has previously used DiMarzio pickups - most notably the HS3 and the HS4 (Formerly known as the YJM). Yngwie would use an HS3 in the bridge and the HS4 in the middle and neck positions.

In his earlier recordings, Yngwie used an HS3 in the neck and bridge positions and a disconnected stock fender in the middle. In his earlier years he also used a Ibanez Gio Rg Series

Band members

; Current members

Tim "Ripper" Owens—vocals (2008–present)

Bjorn Englen—bass (2008–present)

Patrick Johansson—drums, percussion (2001–present)

Nick Marino—keyboards (2005–2006, 2010–present)

Discography

;Steeler

!Date of Release	!Title	!Label	!Chart positions	!US sales
1983		Shrapnel

;Alcatrazz

!Date of Release	!Title	!Label	!Chart positions	!US sales
	''No Parole from Rock N' Roll''
''Live Sentence''
	''Live '83''
''No Parole from Rock 'n' Roll Tour Live in Japan 1984.1.28 Audio Tracks''

;Solo

Year	Album details	Peak chart positions
!style="width:2em;font-size:75%"	!style="width:2em;font-size:75%"
1984	''Rising Force''	* Released: 1984	Polydor Records>Polydor	* Format:
1985	''Marching Out''	* Released: October 1985	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1986		* Released: 1986	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1988		* Released: March 1988	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1989		* Released: October, 1989	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1990		* Released: 1990	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1991	''The Yngwie Malmsteen Collection''	* Released: November, 1991	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
1992		* Released: 1992	Elektra Records>Elektra	* Format:
		* Released: February 18, 1994	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
	* Released: September 21, 1994	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
	* Released: October 21, 1994	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
1995		* Released: June 6, 1995	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
1996		* Released: November 5, 1996	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
1997	''Facing the Animal''	* Released: September 3, 1997	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
	''Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra'' in E flat minor, Opus 1	* Released: February 4, 1998	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
''Double LIVE!''	* Released: September 18, 1998	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
1999		* Released: September 17, 1999	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
		* Released: March 15, 2000	* Label:	* Format:
''The young person's guide to the classics.1'' *	* Released: April 25, 2000	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
''The young person's guide to the classics.2'' *	* Released: April 25, 2000	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
	* Released: May 9, 2000	* Label: Dream Catcher	* Format:
	* Released: November 22, 2000	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
		* Released: January 9, 2002	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
	* Released: September 4, 2002	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
''The Genesis''	* Released: December 30, 2002	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
		* Released: January 1, 2004	* Label: Pony Canyon	* Format:
''G3: Rockin' in the Free World''	* Released: March 10, 2004	Epic Records>Epic	* Format:
	''Unleash the Fury	* Released: February 23, 2005	* Label: Universal Music	* Format:
''20th Century Masters - The Millennium Collection: The Best of Yngwie Malmsteen	* Released: May 24, 2005	* Label: Polydor	* Format:
2008	''Perpetual Flame	* Released: October 14, 2008	* Label: Rising Force Records/Universal Music Japan	* Format:
	''Angels of Love	* Released: March 10, 2009	* Label: Rising Force Records	* Format:
	* Released: December 8, 2009	* Label: Rising Force Records	* Format:
2010		* Released: November 23, 2010	* Label: Rising Force Records/Universal Music Japan	* Format:

See also

Guitar Moves

Shredding

Sweeping

G3 Tour

References

External links

Gaspar Muntwyler - Capricho Arabe/Preludio Obsesivo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ijX0Zvg_Mc

Malmsteen Brazil Fanclub

Audio interview with Yngwie // Metalpaths.com 2010

Audio Interview with Yngwie on GuitarJamDaily.com

HardRadio.com interview with Yngwie

How to pronounce Yngwie Malmsteen in Swedish (Svenska)

http://baroqueandloud.fr-bb.com/index.forum : French forum of Yngwie Malmsteen

A very complete biography of Malmsteen in French, made by Michaël Mhamdi from Baroque and Loud Forum: http://malmsteenforum.free.fr/

Category:Swedish expatriates in the United States Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:Swedish heavy metal guitarists Category:Swedish rock guitarists Category:G3 Category:Lead guitarists Category:People from Stockholm Category:1963 births Category:Living people

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