16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17. 16 is a composite number, and a square number, being 4² = 4 × 4. It is the smallest number with exactly five divisors, its proper divisors being , , and .

In speech, the numbers 16 and 60 are often confused. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 16 vs 60 . However, in dates such as 1666 or when contrasting numbers in the teens, such as ''15, 16, 17,'' the stress shifts to the first syllable: 16 .

Sixteen is the fourth power of two. For this reason, 16 was used in weighing light objects in several cultures. The British used to have 16 ounces in one pound; the Chinese used to have 16 ''liangs'' in one ''jin''. In old days, weighing was done with a beam balance to make equal splits. It would be easier to split a heap of grains into sixteen equal parts through successive divisions than to split into ten parts. Chinese Taoists did finger computation on the trigrams and hexagrams by counting the finger tips and joints of the fingers with the tip of the thumb. Each hand can count up to 16 in such manner. The Chinese abacus uses two upper beads to represent the 5's and 5 lower beads to represent the 1's, the 7 beads can represent from a hexadecimal digit from 0 to 15 in each column.

In mathematics

As a power of 2 it has an aliquot sum one less than itself; 15, and is the fifth composite member of the 3-aliquot tree having the 7 member aliquot sequence (16, 15, 9, 4, 3, 1,0).

Sixteen is the first number to be the aliquot sum of a lesser number; 12, it is also the aliquot sum of the greater number; the discrete semiprime, 26. It is the fourth power of two.

Sixteen is the only integer that equals ''m''^''n'' and ''n''^''m'', for some unequal integers ''m'' and ''n'' (''m'' = 4, ''n'' = 2, or vice versa). It has this property because 2² = 2 × 2. It is also equal to ³2 (see tetration).

15 and 16 form a Ruth–Aaron pair under the second definition in which repeated prime factors are counted as often as they occur.

Since it is possible to find sequences of 16 consecutive integers such that each inner member shares a factor with either the first or the first member, 16 is an Erdős–Woods number. The smallest such range of 16 consecutive integers is from 2184 to 2200.

In bases 20, 24 and 30, sixteen is a 1-automorphic number (displayed as the numeral 'G').

16 is a centered pentagonal number.

16 is the base of the hexadecimal number system, which is used extensively in computer science.

16 appears in the Padovan sequence, preceded by the terms 7, 9, 12 (it is the sum of the first two of these).

In science

The atomic number of sulfur.

Group 16 of the periodic table are the Chalcogens.

Age 16

Sixteen is the minimum age for being allowed an official beginners driver's license with parental consent in many U.S. states and in Canada. In Australia, Iceland, Norway and the Isle of Man, it is the age one can begin to get a learner's licence.

In some states in the U.S, and some provinces in Canada, it is the age one can obtain a learner's permit.

Sixteen is the minimum age for getting an adult job in most states and provinces across the globe.

Sixteen is the minimum age that one can drop out of school in most states of the US (however, restrictions apply and vary depending on state).

In the United States, female sixteen year olds earn the right to privacy laws surrounding OBGYN practices.

In the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy, it is the legal minimum age for a person to purchase any tobacco product.

Sixteen is the age of consent for many jurisdictions around the world.

For its "coming of age" significance, this age has inspired the titles of many songs, such as "''Happy Birthday Sweet Sixteen''", "''You're Sixteen''", "''Sweet Sixteen''", "''U16 Girls''" "''Sweet Little Sixteen''" and "''Sixteen Candles''".

Sixteen is the minimum age to get married with parental consent in many countries and without parental consent in Scotland.

Sixteen is the legal drinking age in France, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, the Netherlands and Portugal.

In the Netherlands, sixteen is the age when all adult rights are granted, but the age of majority is 18.

Minimum age at which one can buy, rent, purchase, buy tickets to, or view a 16+ rated movie in the province of Quebec. It is also the minimum age at which one can accompany a minor under 13 while buying, renting, or purchasing tickets to a 13+ rated movie in the province of Quebec.

Minimum age at which one can donate blood with parental consent in many states.

Minimum age at which one can obtain a 10 year passport in the United States and Australia.

Minimum age at which one can join the Armed Forces in the United Kingdom.

Minimum age when you can move out with your parent's consent.

In sports

Association football

The number of teams that qualified for the finals of the FIFA World Cup from 1934 through 1978 (although for various reasons, only 15 competed in the 1938 and 1950 finals).

The number of teams that qualified for the finals of the FIFA Women's World Cup from 1999 through 2011.

Auto racing

The number of a car in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.run by Roush Fenway Racing and its predecessor, Roush Racing, from 1992–2000 and 2002–present. Since the car's return to the Cup Series, it has been driven by Greg Biffle.

College athletics

The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa has 16 different teams on probation at the same time.

Multiple sports

The jersey number 16 has been retired by several North American sports teams in honor of past playing greats:

In Major League Baseball:

* The Chicago White Sox, for Hall of Famer Ted Lyons.

* The Detroit Tigers, for Hall of Famer Hal Newhouser.

* The New York Yankees, for Hall of Famer Whitey Ford.

In the NFL:

* The Kansas City Chiefs, for Hall of Famer Len Dawson.

* The New York Giants, for Hall of Famer Frank Gifford.

* The San Francisco 49ers, for Hall of Famer Joe Montana.

In the NBA:

* The Boston Celtics, for Hall of Famer Satch Sanders.

* The Detroit Pistons and Milwaukee Bucks, both for Hall of Famer Bob Lanier.

* The Golden State Warriors, for Al Attles.

In the NHL:

* The Buffalo Sabres, for Hall of Famer Pat LaFontaine.

* The Los Angeles Kings, for Hall of Famer Marcel Dionne.

* The Montreal Canadiens, first for Hall of Famer Henri Richard and later for a second Hall of Famer, Elmer Lach.

* The Philadelphia Flyers, for Hall of Famer Bobby Clarke.

* The St. Louis Blues, for Hall of Famer Brett Hull.

* The Vancouver Canucks, for Trevor Linden.

In U.S. college athletics, the number has also been retired by the football program of the University of Tennessee for Peyton Manning.

In other fields

The current Roman Catholic Pope is Pope Benedict XVI.

King of France (August 1754 – 21 January 1793) Louis XVI of France

There are sixteen ounces in an avoirdupois pound.

There are sixteen pawns in a chess set and each player in a chess game starts with sixteen pieces

"The Sixteen" is an English choir performing early religious music.

Sixteen is a Polish band that represented Poland in the 1998 Eurovision Song Contest.

The Cadillac Sixteen.

There are sixteen different personality types in the Myers-Briggs classification system.

A note played for one-sixteenth the duration of a whole note is called a sixteenth note or a semiquaver.

In the 16-bit era, 16-bit microprocessor ran 16-bit applications.

Sixteen Kingdoms, part of Chinese history.

Canada's Yellowhead Highway is designated as Highway 16.

Interstate 16 is the designation for a US interstate highway in Georgia.

The fighter jet, the F-16 Fighting Falcon.

16 mm film was originally an amateur movie format, but is now used by professionals.

"16" is a song by American band Green Day.

The M16 rifle.

The number 16 is the symbol of the Day of solidarity with political prisoners and victims of the Lukashenka regime in Belarus, which is commemorated on 16th of every months by demonstrations and flash mobs worldwide.

A sixteen is a slang term for a verse in a hip hop song, which are often written in sixteen-bar stanzas.

Android 16 of the Dragonball Z television series.

The amount of waking hours in a day in an "8 hours of sleep" schedule.

In the story of the Sleeping Beauty, a spell is placed on the princess that when she reaches her 16th birthday, she will "prick her finger on the spindle of a spinning wheel and die".

16 is the number of the French department Charente

Many bank card numbers are 16 digits long.

There is a No Doubt song titled "Sixteen" on the album Tragic Kingdom.

The number 16, is most commonly used by Dicksonn Tan. Dicksonn claims that it is the magical number 16. Every thing he does must be related to 16, regardless of the price, or even size of it.

The metalcore band Demon Hunter has a song titled "Sixteen" on their Storm the Gates of Hell album.

16 is one of "the Numbers" on the television series Lost.

References

1 6

ab:Жәаф ar:16 (عدد) gn:Papoteĩ az:16 (ədəd) bo:༡༦ (གྲངས་ཀ།) ca:Setze cv:16 (хисеп) cs:16 (číslo) ny:Khumi n'zisanu n'chimodzi sn:Gumi nenhanhatu tum:Khumi na vikhondi na kamoza da:16 (tal) de:Sechzehn myv:16 (ловома вал) es:Dieciséis eo:Dek ses eu:Hamasei fa:۱۶ (عدد) fr:16 (nombre) ff:Sappo e joweego gan:16 ko:16 ig:Iri na isii id:16 (angka) ia:16 (numero) ik:Akimiaq atausiq xh:Ishumi elinesithandathu is:Sextán it:16 (numero) he:16 (מספר) rn:Cumi na gatandatu ht:16 (nonm) ku:Şazdeh lbe:АцӀния ряхва la:Sedecim lv:16 (skaitlis) lt:16 (skaičius) ln:Zómi na motóbá lg:Kkumi na mukaaga lmo:Nümar 16 hu:16 (szám) mk:16 (број) ms:16 (nombor) nah:Caxtōloncē nl:16 (getal) ja:16 nap:Sìrece no:16 (tall) nn:Talet 16 pnb:16 pl:16 (liczba) pt:Dezasseis ru:16 (число) simple:16 (number) sl:16 (število) srn:Numro 16 fi:16 (luku) sv:16 (tal) tl:16 (bilang) th:16 ti:ዓሰርተ ሹዱሽተ tr:16 (sayı) uk:16 (число) vi:16 (số) vls:16 (getal) war:16 (ihap) yi:16 (נומער) zh-yue:16 zh:16

Coordinates	28°36′50″N77°12′32″N
name	Bernard Purdie
background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
alias	Bernard "Pretty" PurdieMississippi Bigfoot
born	June 11, 1939Elkton, MarylandUnited States
instrument	Drums
genre	Soul, R&B;, Funk, Rock
occupation	Musician
years active	1958–present
label	A&M;, Atco, EMI, Capitol
associated acts	James Brown, Jeff Beck, Hummingbird, Steely Dan, Aretha Franklin, Gil Scott-Heron, King Curtis, The Rolling Stones, Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, Randy Brecker, Quincy Jones, Hall & Oates, Isaac Hayes, Cat Stevens, Hair, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (soundtrack)
website	Bernard Purdie.com
notable instruments	}}

Bernard Lee "Pretty" Purdie (born June 11, 1939) is an American session drummer and is considered an influential and innovative exponent of funk. He is known for his strict musical time keeping and "The Purdie Shuffle".

Purdie recorded ''Soul Drums'' (1968) as a band leader and although he went on to record ''Alexander's Ragtime Band'', the album remained unreleased until ''Soul Drums'' was reissued on CD in 2009 with the ''Alexander's Ragtime Band'' sessions. Other solo albums include ''Purdie Good'' (1971),''Soul Is...Pretty Purdie'' (1972) and the soundtrack for the Blaxploitation film ''Lialeh'' (1973).

Purdie was credited on the sound track album for Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1978) and more recently he was the drummer for the 2009 Broadway revival of Hair and appeared on the associated Broadway cast recording.

Biography

At an early age Purdie began hitting cans with sticks and learned the elements of drumming techniques from overhearing lessons being given by Leonard Heywood. He later took lessons from Heywood and played in Heywood's big band. Purdie's other influences at that time were Papa Jo Jones, Buddy Rich, Gene Krupa, Joe Marshall and Art Blakey.

In 1961 he moved from his home town of Elkton, Maryland, to New York. There he played sessions with Mickey and Sylvia and regularly visited the Turf Club on 50th and Broadway, where musicians, agents, and promoters met and touted for business. It was during this period that he played for the saxophonist Buddy Lucas, who nicknamed him 'Mississippi Bigfoot'. Eventually Barney Richmond contracted him to play session work. In the same year original Beatles drummer Pete Best and guitarist Tony Sheridan recorded tracks in Hamburg with the Beatles. Later Bernard Purdie added drum overdubs to tracks from these sessions, including "Ain't She Sweet", "Take Out Some Insurance on Me Baby" and "Sweet Georgia Brown". The main reason for this was to give them a punchier sound for the US market. These tracks were eventually released on January 31, 1964 by Polydor. Ringo Starr's physical approach to drumming was probably influenced by Purdie's Motown style.

Purdie was contracted by arranger Sammy Lowe to play a session with James Brown in 1965 and recording session records also show that Purdie played on "Ain't That A Groove" at the same session. This was one of several sessions he played with Brown and the track "Kansas City" from Brown's album ''Cold Sweat'' (1967), displays one of the most sophisticated and driving shuffles recorded for Brown's catalogue. Purdie is also credited on the albums ''Say It Loud-I'm Black and I'm Proud'' (1969) and ''Get on the Good Foot'' (1972) on which "Ain't That A Groove" appeared.

Purdie started working with Aretha Franklin as musical director in 1970 and held that position for five years, as well as drumming for Franklin's opening act, King Curtis and The King Pins. In 1970 he performed with both bands at the Fillmore West; the resulting live recordings were released as ''Aretha Live at the Fillmore West'' (1971) and King Curtis's ''Live at Fillmore West'' (1971). His best known track with Franklin was "Rock Steady", on which he played what he described as "a funky and low down beat". Of his time with Franklin he once commented that "backing her was like floating in seventh heaven".

Encounter Records

In 1973 Purdie founded Encounter Records and released five albums

EN 3000: Seldon Powell - ''Messin' With''

EN 3001: Sands of Time - ''Profile'' (with Jimmy Owens, Garnett Brown)

EN 3002: East Coast - ''East Coast'' (with Larry Blackmon, Gwen Guthrie)

EN 3003: Frank Owens - ''Brown N Serve'' (with Hugh McCracken)

EN 3004: Harold Vick as "Sir Edward" - ''The Power of Feeling''

Drumming style

Purdie is known as a groove drummer with immaculate timing and makes use of precision half note, backbeats, and grooves. Purdie's signature sixteenth note hi-hat lick ''pish-ship, pish-ship, pish-ship'' is distinct and hard to copy and he is known for his versatility. He often employs a straight eight groove sometimes fusing several influences such as swing, blues and funk. He created now well-known drum pattern such as the ''Purdie shuffle'', ''Half-Time Purdie Shuffle'', also the ''Bernard Purdie half-time feel shuffle'' that is a blues shuffle variation with the addition of syncopated ghost notes on the snare drum. Variations on this shuffle can be heard on songs such as Led Zeppelin's "Fool in the Rain", Death Cab For Cutie's "Grapevine Fires", and Toto's "Rosanna" (Rosanna shuffle). Purdie's shuffle can be heard on Steely Dan's "Babylon Sisters" and "Home At Last".

Discography

Albums

''Soul Drums'' Direction (1968)

''Stand By Me'' Mega (1971)

''Purdie Good'' Prestige (1971)

''Soul Is ... Pretty Purdie'' Flying Dutchman (1972)

''Lialeh'' - Bryan (1973)

''Shaft'' - Prestige (1974)

''Delights of the Garden'' Celluloid (1975)

''Purdie As a Picture'' - Kilarnock (1993)

''Tokyo Jazz Groove Sessions'' - Lexington (1993)

''Coolin' 'n' Groovin''' - Lexington/West 47th 1993 (1993)

''After Hours with The 3B's'' - 3B's (1993)

''The Hudson River Rats'' - 3B's (1994)

''Kick N Jazz'' Drum Beat Blocks (1996)

''Soul to Jazz I'' Act(1997)

''In the Pocket'' P Vine (1997)

''Soul to Jazz II'' Act (1998)

''Get It While You Can'' 3B's (1999)

''Purdie Good Cookin''' Own Label (2003)

Contributions

Gabor Szabo - ''Jazz Raga'' (1966)

James Brown - ''Cold Sweat'' (1967)

King Curtis and his Kingpins - ''Instant Soul'' (1967)

The Soul Finders - ''Sweet Soul Music'' (1968)

Albert Ayler - ''New Grass'' (1968)

James Brown - ''Say It Loud-I'm Black & I'm Prou''d (1969)

Al Kooper - ''You Never Know Who Your Friends Are'' (1969)

Aretha Franklin - ''Young, Gifted and Black'' (1972)

James Brown - ''Get On the Good Foot'' (1972)

Larry Coryell - ''Coryell'' (1969)

BB King - ''Completely Well'' (1970)

Robert Palmer's Insect Trust - ''Hoboken Saturday Night'' (1970)

Eddie Palmieri - ''Harlem River Drive'' (1970)

Aretha Franklin - ''Aretha Live at Fillmore West'' (1971)

King Curtis - ''Live at Fillmore West'' (1971)

Larry Coryell - ''Fairyland'' (1971)

Herbie Mann - ''Push, Push'' (1971)

Dizzy Gillespie - ''Real Thing'' (1971)

Aretha Franklin - ''Amazing Grace''(1972)

Esther Phillips - ''Alone Again Naturally'' (1972)

Miles Davis - ''Get Up with It'' (1972)

Ronnie Foster - ''Sweet Revival'' (1972)

BB King - ''Guess Who'' (1973)

Cat Stevens - ''Foreigner'' (1973)

Hall & Oates - ''Abandoned Luncheonette'' (1973)

Jimmy McGriff - ''Come Together'' (1974)

Joe Cocker - ''I Can Stand a Little Rain'' (1974)

Bama The Village Poet - ''Ghettos Of The Mind '' (1974)

Cornell Dupree - ''Teasin''' (1975)

Jorge Dalto - ''Chevere'' (1976)

Hummingbird - ''We Can't Go On Meeting Like This'' (1976)

Steely Dan - ''The Royal Scam'' (1976)

Steely Dan - ''Aja'' (1977)

Steely Dan - ''Gaucho'' (1980)

Hummingbird - ''Diamond Nights'' (1977)

Pee Wee Ellis - ''Home in the Country'' (1977)

Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson - ''You Can't Make Love Alone'' (1977)

Joe Cocker - ''Luxury You Can Afford'' (1978)

Jimmy McGriff - ''Blue to the Bone'' (1988)

Elliott Randall - ''Still Reelin'' (2006)

Hair - ''Broadway Cast Recording'' (2009)

Notes

References

Everett, Walter. ''The Beatles as musicians: the Quarry Men through Rubber Soul''. Oxford University Press US (2001). ISBN 9780195141054

Gottfridsson, Hans Olof; Sheridan, Tony and Beatles.'' The Beatles from Cavern to Star-Club: The Illustrated Chronicle, Discography & Price Guide 1957-1962''. Premium Publishing (1997). ISBN 9789197189477

Kernfeld, Barry Dean. ''The new Grove dictionary of jazz'' second edition. Grove's Dictionaries Inc. (2002). Digitized 21 Dec (2006). ISBN 9781561592845

Miles, Barry and Badman, Keith. The Beatles Diary: The Beatles years. Omnibus Press (2001) ISBN 9780711983083

Payne, Jim and Weinger, Harry. ''The Great Drummers of R&B; Funk & Soul''. Mel Bay Publications (2007). ISBN 9780786673032

Rabb, Johnny; Brych, Ray and Lohman, Gregg. Jungle/Drum 'n' Bass for the Acoustic Drum Set: A Guide to Applying Today's Electronic Music to the Drum Set. Alfred Publishing (2001). ISBN 0757990258

Weinberg, Max. ''The Big Beat: Conversations with Rock's Greatest Drummers''. Hal Leonard Corporation (2004). ISBN 9780634082757

York, William. Who's Who in Rock Music. Atomic Press (1978). Digitized 30 Aug 2007.

External links

Category:1939 births Category:Living people Category:People from Elkton, Maryland Category:American jazz drummers Category:American funk musicians Category:American rock musicians Category:American soul musicians Category:Jazz-blues musicians Category:Soul-jazz musicians Category:American session musicians Category:Steely Dan members Category:James Brown Orchestra members Category:Flying Dutchman Records artists

da:Bernard Purdie de:Bernard Purdie es:Bernard Purdie fr:Bernard Purdie ja:バーナード・パーディ sv:Bernard Purdie

Coordinates	28°36′50″N77°12′32″N
name	Taio Cruz
background	solo_singer
born	April 23, 1983)
birth name	Jacob Taio Cruz
birth place	London, England, UK
genre	Electropop, R&B;, hip hop soul
occupation	Singer-songwriter, record producer, rapper, entrepreneur
years active	2002–present
label	Rokstarr Entertainment Division, Island, Republic, Mercury (US)
associated acts	Luciana Caporaso, Ludacris, David Guetta, Cheryl Cole, McFly
website	}}

Taio Cruz (born Jacob Taio Cruz on April 23, 1983) is a English singer-songwriter, record producer, occasional rapper, and entrepreneur. In 2008, he released his debut album ''Departure'', which Cruz wrote, arranged and produced himself. It achieved initial success in the UK and earned him a MOBO Award nomination. In June 2010, Cruz released his follow-up album ''Rokstarr'', which includes the number one singles "Break Your Heart" and "Dynamite". In November 2010, Cruz collaborated with Kylie Minogue and Travie McCoy on his single "Higher". Additionally, Cruz penned and recorded the song "Telling the World" as the lead single from the soundtrack to the 2011 animated film ''Rio''.

Early life

Cruz was born in London, to a Nigerian father and a Brazilian mother. He attended Christ's Hospital, a boarding school in West Sussex.

Music career

Career beginnings

Cruz began writing songs when he was 12. His songwriting career began at age 19 as part of Tricky Stewart's writing collective, RedZone Entertainment. Cruz achieved notability in 2005 when he was awarded a BRIT Award for co-writing Will Young's 2004 single, "Your Game".

Cruz is the founder and chief executive of Rokstarr Music London, which in 2006 released his debut single "I Just Wanna Know". The single attracted significant attention from radio, and also from music industry insiders, who were already well aware of the artist's potential; manager Jamie Binns, who began representing Cruz at this time, later told HitQuarters: "He was a guy that everyone had earmarked to do damage in the future." Although the single received a reasonable amount of radio airplay, it did not perform as well as expected in either territory. However, rather than lose faith in Cruz, the labels were eager to negotiate an album deal, as by this time they had listened to his other songs and were ever more convinced by his capability.

Cruz's admirers included Island Records's Darcus Beese and Universal Republic's Monte Lipman, whom, according to Binns: "Both believed 'I Just Wanna Know' fitted the format on both sides of the Atlantic." In 2006, Cruz signed a split single deal with Universal Music Group companies, Republic Records and the UK branch of Island Records.

''Departure'' (2006–2008)

Taio Cruz released his second single "Moving On" in September 2007 which made the top 30 in the UK. In March 2008 his next single, "Come On Girl," featuring Luciana, peaked at No. 5 on the UK charts. The related album ''Departure'' appeared on 17 March and peaked at No. 17. This was followed by the single "I Can Be," which reached No. 18 in May. On 18 August, "She's Like a Star" was released, which was a remix of the previous single and featured American rapper Busta Rhymes and girl-group Sugababes. The remix later appeared on the Sugababes studio album ''Catfights & Spotlights'', which peaked at No. 20. It was later revealed that Cruz narrowly missed out on the chance to record the song "Umbrella" which was eventually recorded by Rihanna and ended up topping charts around the world.

''Rokstarr'' and International breakthrough'' (2009)

Cruz was featured on Tinchy Stryder's breakout single "Take Me Back" which peaked at No. 3 in the UK Singles Chart. According to Cruz's official Myspace blog, as of 1 January 2009, Rokstarr Music London officially changed its name to Rokstarr Entertainment Division and abbreviated to R.E.D Inc.

During 2009, he worked on his follow-up album which was originally titled ''T.W.O. (This Way Out)'' but later changed to ''Rokstarr''. It was released on 12 October through R.E.D Inc/Island Records and is entirely written and produced by Cruz, with co-writes and co-productions predominantly with UK producer Fraser T Smith. The album's lead single "Break Your Heart" was released on 14 September and reached number one in the UK, where it stayed for three weeks. The success of the song attracted the attention of David Massey and Daniel Werner from Mercury/Island Def Jam who were excited and aggressive about releasing "Break Your Heart" in the US on their label. According to Cruz's manager Jamie Binns, the relationship with Monte Lipman at Universal Republic had "gone a bit quiet" by this point and as Taio wanted to be with the label that was most enthusiastic about his music, a move from Universal Republic to Mercury/Island Def Jam was engineered.

The single reached the top spot in the US for one week on the ''Billboard'' charts. In an interview for ''The Guardian'' it was stated that "Cruz was clever to have hooked up with a US rapper Ludacris on his breakthrough hit". In order to introduce Cruz into the US market, David Massey had suggested that the single feature an American rapper with chart credibility. The album spawned two other UK singles, "No Other One", and the top-ten hit "Dirty Picture" featuring American electropop singer Kesha. The album's fourth single (second in the US) titled "Dynamite" debuted at 26 and despite peaking at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, "Dynamite" peaked at number 1 on US top 40 earning Cruz his second US number 1 record.

''The Rokstarr Collection''

''Rokstarr'' was followed by the compilation album ''The Rokstarr Collection'' which includes songs both from ''Departure'' and the international version of ''Rokstarr''. Cruz later released three versions of his single "Higher" - one featuring Kylie Minogue, one featuring Travie McCoy and with just himself.

Cruz has also been featured on the soundtrack of American reality TV series ''Jersey Shore''.

Cruz is the main featured artist on David Guetta's 2011 single 'Little Bad Girl' which also features US rapper Ludacris.

Troublemaker

On 13 January 2011, Cruz used social networking website Twitter to tells fans that his upcoming third album would be titled ''Troublemaker''. In June 2011, a music video for the title song was put into production, directed by Martin Weisz. It is expected to be unveiled in July 2011 as the lead single from the album. The album is due for release on October 17.

Other ventures

Writing and producing

Cruz has written songs on albums by Cheryl Cole, JLS, The Saturdays, The Wanted and David Guetta. Cruz wrote and featured on Tinchy Stryder's hit single "Take Me Back". Boyband McFly recorded "Shine a Light" which not only features, but was also was penned and produced by Cruz for their fifth studio album. 2011 will see him writing for Justin Bieber's next album. Jennifer Lopez's 2011 single "I'm Into You", featuring Lil Wayne, is also penned by Cruz. On 13 April 2011, Cruz confirmed that he had written and contributed vocals to a Guetta track called "Little Bad Girl" which is the second single from Guetta's fifth album, ''Nothing But the Beat''. Additionally, a track dubbed "Troublemaker (Believe In Me Now)" with Cruz's vocals and said to be produced by Swedish House Mafia was leaked in early May and is most probably featured on Cruz's coming album.

Rokstarr brand

On 1 September 2009, Cruz launched the brand Rokstarr; the fashion and accessories brand has a focus on sunglasses. Musicians such as Kanye West, Shontelle, Keri Hilson and Kelly Rowland have been seen wearing them. Speaking in October to R&B; writer Pete Lewis, Cruz stated: "There's a load of US celebrities that are all rocking the sunglasses already – Kid Cudi, Justin Timberlake, Kanye West... Then in the UK we have The Saturdays, JLS, Daniel Merriweather – who've all been twittering and writing on their blogs how much they love them. So yeah, it's definitely my new album 'Rokstarr' and the fashion brand that are my two main focuses at the moment."

Meanwhile, speaking again to Lewis in April 2010, Cruz revealed: "We're currently looking to expand the brand and possibly go into things like watches. I've also got a new subsidiary of Rokstarr called 'Rok By Rokstarr'. And we've just started doing things like jeans and T-shirts, and stuff that more of the fans of Taio Cruz can buy. Because with Rokstarr in itself being so expensive, a lot of the kids out there who want to buy Rokstarr things can't. So we're bringing in stuff that's a little bit more High Street and more affordable."

Discography

''Departure'' (2008)

''Rokstarr'' (2009)

''Troublemaker'' (2011)

Awards and nominations

Best British Song MOBO AwardsAmerican Music Awards BRIT Awards iTunes Best Album & Song Ascap Vanguard Award BRIT Awards rowspan=3>Virgin Media Awards Best Collaboration rowspan=6>2011 Billboard Music Awards Top Hot 100 Song rowspan=1>2011 MuchMusic Video Awards

Year
2004	Brit Awards>BRIT Awards	|	Your Game
2008	|	Best UK Male
2010	|	Breakthrough Artist
2010	|	Best British Song	Break Your Heart
2010	|	Best Song	Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)>Dynamite
2010	|	Recognition of Album	Departure (Taio Cruz album)>Departure
2011	|	Best British Song	Dynamite
2011	|	Best Male		<
2011	|	Dirty Picture
2011	Best Video
2011	Billboard Awards ||	Top New Artist		<
2011	|	Dynamite
2011	Top Digital Song
2011	Top Radio Song
2011	Top Streaming Song
2011	Top Pop Song
2011	|	MuchMusic.com Most Watched Video	Dynamite

References

External links

Taio Cruz on justRHYMES.com

Taio Cruz 'Blues & Soul' interview by Pete Lewis February 2008

Taio Cruz at Billboard.com

Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:Black British musicians Category:Christ's Hospital Old Blues Category:English rhythm and blues singers Category:English pop singers Category:English male singers Category:English people of Nigerian descent Category:British people of Brazilian descent Category:Musicians from London Category:Island Records artists

ar:تايو كروز ca:Taio Cruz cs:Taio Cruz da:Taio Cruz de:Taio Cruz es:Taio Cruz fa:تایو کروز fr:Taio Cruz ko:타이오 크루즈 id:Taio Cruz it:Taio Cruz he:טאיו קרוז lv:Taio Kruss nl:Taio Cruz ja:タイオ・クルーズ no:Taio Cruz pcd:Taio Cruz pl:Taio Cruz pt:Taio Cruz ru:Круз, Тайо simple:Taio Cruz fi:Taio Cruz sv:Taio Cruz th:ไทโอ ครูซ tr:Taio Cruz zh:泰欧·克鲁斯

Paul L Money FRAS, FBIS, is an astronomer based in Lincolnshire, England. He is well known for his talks and is the reviews editor of the BBC Sky at Night magazine. He broadcasts regularly on BBC Radio Lincolnshire. He was awarded the 'Eric Zucker' award for 2002/2003 for contributions to Astronomy by the Federation of Astronomical Societies.

Publications

He is the reviews editor for the BBC Sky at Night magazine

He publishes a 40 page sky guide every year called "NightScenes" for amateur astronomers

External links

Paul Money's website

Information about his coverage of the eclipse

BBC Sky at Night magazine

Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:English astronomers Category:People from Lincolnshire

Coordinates	28°36′50″N77°12′32″N
Name	Nick Jonas
Birth name	Nicholas Jerry Jonas
Background	solo_singer
Born	September 16, 1992Dallas, Texas, U.S.
Origin	Wyckoff, New Jersey,U.S.
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, drums, piano, glockenspiel
Genre	Teen pop, pop rock
Occupation	Vocalist, musician, actor, singer–songwriter
Years active	2002–present
Label	Hollywood, Columbia
Associated acts	Jonas Brothers, Nick Jonas & The Administration, Miley Cyrus
Notable instruments	Gibson SGFender TelecasterGibson ES-335 }}

Nicholas Jerry "Nick" Jonas (born September 16, 1992) is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor best known as one of the Jonas Brothers, a pop-rock band he formed with his brothers Joe and Kevin. The Jonas Brothers originally started as an attempted solo singing career for Nick, but the record producer liked the sound when his brothers sang backup for him. He previously starred in the Disney Channel original series ''JONAS L.A.'' as Nick Lucas, alongside his brothers. He also starred in the Disney Channel original movie ''Camp Rock'' and ''Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam''. He formed the band Nick Jonas & The Administration, which released its first album in 2010.

Personal life

Nick Jonas was born in Dallas, the son of Denise (née Miller), a former sign language teacher and singer, and Paul Kevin Jonas, Sr., a songwriter, musician, and former ordained minister at an Assemblies of God church. He was raised in Wyckoff, New Jersey and homeschooled by his mother. Nick is of Irish (from his maternal grandfather), Cherokee, Italian, and German descent.

He was diagnosed with Type I diabetes at the age of 13 and wears an OmniPod insulin pump to help him manage his condition. He has developed the Change for the Children Foundation. Partnering with five different charities, their goal is to raise money and awareness for diabetes. He also developed a public service announcement with the Washington Nationals to support diabetes care at Children's National Medical Center in Washington, D.C.

Since August 6, 2008, Bayer Diabetes Care has partnered with Jonas as a diabetes ambassador to promote the idea for young people to manage their diabetes. Jonas testified in the U.S. Senate to promote more research funding for the condition.

Miley Cyrus has stated that she dated Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007. Cyrus claimed they were "in love" and began dating soon after they first met.

As of June 2011, he is dating Australian singer Delta Goodrem who is 8 years older than him.

Acting

Theatre

Jonas's career started when he was discovered at the age of 6 in a barber shop while his mother was getting her hair cut and was referred to a professional show business manager. At the age of 7, he began performing on Broadway. He had acted in several plays, including ''A Christmas Carol'' (in 2000 as Tiny Tim and Scrooge at eight), ''Annie Get Your Gun'' (in 2001 as Little Jake), ''Beauty and the Beast'' (in 2002 as Chip), and ''Les Misérables'' (in 2003 as Gavroche). After ''Les Misérables'' closed, he performed in ''The Sound of Music'' (as Kurt) at the Paper Mill Playhouse.

On June 21, 2010 Jonas made his West End debut performing in ''Les Misérables'' for the second time, but this time as the role of Marius Pontmercy. Jonas was originally supposed to play the role for only three weeks, but was able to extend his run until July 24, 2010 because of changes in the Jonas Brothers tour schedule. He also appeared in the 25th Anniversary Concert at The O2 Arena on October 3, 2010, again playing the role of Marius Pontmercy. From August 5–7, 2011 Nick will perform in the musical Hairspray as Link Larkin.

Television

On August 17, 2007, Jonas, along with his brothers, guest starred in an episode of ''Hannah Montana'', which aired after the premiere of ''High School Musical 2'' and the Disney Channel show ''Phineas and Ferb''. The episode broke basic cable records with a record 10.7 million viewers and became basic cable's most watched series telecast ever.

Jonas and his brothers filmed a Disney Channel Original Movie called ''Camp Rock'' where they play a band called "Connect Three." Joe plays the lead male role and lead singer "Shane Gray"; Nick plays the role of "Nate," a guitarist; and Kevin plays the role of "Jason," also a guitarist. A soundtrack for the movie was released on June 17, 2008. The movie premiered on June 20, 2008 in the USA on Disney Channel, and Canada on Family. Production began on the sequel, Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam in September 2009 and it premiered during the summer of 2010.

The reality short series, ''Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream'', premiered on Disney Channel on May 16, 2008. The show, which ran until September 5, 2008, documents the brothers' lives on the Look Me In The Eyes Tour. The name was inspired by the band's hit song "When You Look Me in the Eyes". The series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on March 21, 2010. The second season follows the band on the European leg of their World Tour 2009.

Jonas and his brothers previously starred in the Disney Channel Original Series ''JONAS'' about a pop band trying to live a normal life, which premiered May 2, 2009 and concluded on March 14, 2010. Filming for the second season began in February 2010. The second season was renamed ''Jonas L.A.'', and premiered on June 20, 2010. On November 8, 2010, it was announced that the series had been cancelled.

Jonas will appear in the 2011 series ''Mr. Sunshine''; he will play Eli White, an up-and-coming singer who wants everything his way before he performs at the Sunshine Center.

Singing

Solo artist

In 2002 while performing in ''Beauty and the Beast'', Nick had written a song with his father called "Joy to the World (A Christmas Prayer)." With background vocals from the ''Beauty and the Beast'' cast, Nick performed the song on the 2002 annual Broadway "Equity Fights AIDS" album, ''Broadway's Greatest Gifts: Carols for a Cure, Vol. 4''. In November 2003, INO Records received a demo copy of "Joy To The World (A Christmas Prayer)." The label released the song to Christian radio, where it quickly became popular on Record & Radio's Christian Adult Contemporary Chart. While Nick was working on his solo project, Joe followed in his footsteps to Broadway, appearing in Baz Luhrmann's production of ''La Boheme''.

By September 2004, an executive at Columbia Records found out about Nick's song. Nick was soon jointly signed to INO Records and Columbia Records and released the single "Dear God". A second single, "Joy to the World (A Christmas Prayer)" (a new solo recording), was released on November 16. It was supposed to be followed by a December release of a self-titled solo album ''Nicholas Jonas'', but the album was pushed back. It did, however, get a limited release. Nick, along with Kevin and Joe, had written several other songs for the album.

In early 2005, Columbia Records' new president, Steve Greenberg, listened to Nick's record. While Greenberg did not like the album, he did like Nick's voice.

Nick Jonas is currently working on a side project from the Jonas Brothers called "Nick Jonas and the Administration". Their debut album ''Who I Am'' was released February 2, 2010. The band members consist of Tommy Barbarella on keyboard, Michael Bland on drums, John Fields on bass, and David Ryan Harris on guitar. Although David Ryan Harris recorded guitar in the studio for ''Who I Am'' he was unable to go on tour with the rest of band and was ultimately replaced by Sonny Thompson.

In January 2010 Jonas embarked on the Who I Am Tour with the Administration. This was Jonas' first tour without his brothers. The tour consisted of 22 dates that began on January 2, 2010 in Dallas, Texas and concluded on January 30, 2010 in Berkeley, California.

Jonas Brothers

After meeting with Jonas and hearing the song, "Please Be Mine", written and performed by the brothers, Daylight/Columbia Records decided to sign the three as a group act. After being signed to Columbia, the brothers considered naming their group "Sons of Jonas" before settling on the name "Jonas Brothers."

''It's About Time'', the brothers' first album was released on August 8, 2006. According to the band's manager, it was only a "limited release" of a little over 50,000 copies. Because Sony was not interested in further promoting the band, the Jonas Brothers considered switching labels. The band was ultimately dropped by Columbia Records in early 2007.

After shortly being without a label, the Jonas Brothers signed with Hollywood Records in February 2007. Around the same time, brothers began appearing in commercials for Baby Bottle Pops, singing the jingle. Their self-titled second album, ''Jonas Brothers'', was released on August 7, 2007. It reached number five on the ''Billboard'' 200 chart in its first week. It has since sold over three million copies worldwide.

The Jonas Brothers' third studio album, ''A Little Bit Longer'', was released in the United States on August 12, 2008. It sold over 2 million copies worldwide. The Jonas Brothers were listed number 9 on the richest pop acts of 2008.

Discography

Studio albums

! Year	! Album details
2004	style="text-align:left;"	* Release date: December 16, 2004	* Label:
! Year	! Single	! Album

Other charted songs

Year	Song	Chart positions								Album
		! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"
	style="text-align:left;"	30	—	41	97	—	70	—	—	style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"
	18	20	22	60	—	—	—	—
	10	20	10	—	—	—	—	—
		20	—	94	—	—	—	—	—
		2	—	7	50	1	—	—	9
	92	—	53	51	44	68	73	32	style="text-align:left;"

Awards and nominations

!Year	!Title	!Award	!Nominated work	!Result
2009	[[Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica">INO Records

Singles

! Year	! Single	! Album

Other charted songs

Year	Song	Chart positions								Album
		! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"	! style="width:30px;"
	style="text-align:left;"	30	—	41	97	—	70	—	—	style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"
	18	20	22	60	—	—	—	—
	10	20	10	—	—	—	—	—
		20	—	94	—	—	—	—	—
		2	—	7	50	1	—	—	9
	92	—	53	51	44	68	73	32	style="text-align:left;"

Awards and nominations

!Year	!Title	!Award	!Nominated work	!Result
2009	[[Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica	"Best Fashionista (Most Fashionable)"	Himself
	Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards	"Favorite TV Actor"	Himself
rowspan="2"	Choice Music: Love Song
Choice Breakout Artist: Male	Nick Jonas & The Administration
	Iconic TV Actor	Himself, Jonas L.A
Iconic Male Star	Himself
Iconic Of The Year	Himself
Young Hollywood Awards	"Young hollywood Artist of the year"	Himself
2011	Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards	"Favorite TV Actor"	Himself

Tours

In January 2010, Nick Jonas & The Administration began touring in support of their debut album, Who I Am. Apart from guest appearances at specific events, it marks the first time Nick has toured without his brothers, Kevin and Joe.

Filmography

Film
! Year	! Film	! Role	! Notes
		Himself	3D Concert film
''Camp Rock''	Nate	Made for television
	''Jonas Brothers: The 3D Concert Experience''	Himself	3D Concert film
''Band in a Bus''	Himself	Reality DVD
''Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian	Cherub	Film
	''Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam''	Nate	Made for television; Completed
	Marius Pontmercy	Limited theatrical release; Released on DVD and Blu-ray in the UK November 29, 2010
2011	Jonas Brothers: The Journey	Himself	(Unauthorized Documentary)
TV Series
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
2007	''Hannah Montana''	Himself	"Me and Mr. Jonas and Mr. Jonas and Mr. Jonas" (Season 2, Episode 16)
2008,2010	''Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream''	Himself	Reality series
2009–2010	''JONAS L.A.''	Nick Lucas	Disney Channel Original Series
2011		Eli White
Guest appearances
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
	''Studio DC: Almost Live''	Himself	Second show
''Extreme Makeover: Home Edition''	Himself	"The Akers Family" (Season 6, Episode 2)
	''Saturday Night Live''	Himself	February 14, 2009 episode
''The Grammy Nominations Concert Live!''	Himself	December 2, 2009 episode
	''Live with Regis and Kelly''	Himself (Co-Host)	January 8, 2010 episode
''Minute to Win It''	Himself	May 12, 2010 episode
''I Get That a Lot''	Himself	May 19, 2010 episode
''Extreme Makeover: Home Edition''	Himself	"The Heathcock Family" (Season 7, Episode 17)
		Himself	February 15, 2011 episode
	Himself	June 8, 2011 episode
Musicals
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
2000		Tiny Tim
2001		Little Jake
2002		Chip
		Gavroche
''The Sound of Music''	Kurt
2010		Marius Pontmercy
2011		Link Larkin

References

External links

Category:1992 births Category:Actors from New Jersey Category:American child actors Category:American child singers Category:American Christians Category:American drummers Category:American film actors Category:American male singers Category:American multi-instrumentalists Category:American musicians of Italian descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American people of Cherokee descent Category:American pop guitarists Category:American singer-songwriters Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Jonas Brothers members Category:Living people Category:Musicians from New Jersey Category:People from Wyckoff, New Jersey

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