name | Toy Story |
---|---|
alt | Film poster showing a toy cowboy anxiously holding onto a smiling toy astronaut (with wings) as he flies in a kid's room. Below them sitting on a bed are various smiling toys watching the pair, including a Mr. Potato Head, a piggy bank, and a toy dinosaur. In the lower right center of the image is the film's title. The background shows the cloud wallpaper featured in the bedroom. |
director | John Lasseter |
producer | Ralph GuggenheimBonnie Arnold |
story | John LasseterPete DocterAndrew StantonJoe Ranft |
screenplay | Joss WhedonAndrew StantonJoel CohenAlec Sokolow |
starring | Tom HanksTim AllenDon RicklesJim VarneyWallace ShawnJohn RatzenbergerAnnie PottsJohn MorrisLaurie MetcalfErik von Detten |
music | Randy Newman |
editing | Robert GordonLee Unkrich |
studio | Pixar |
distributor | Walt Disney Pictures |
released | |
runtime | 81 minutes |
country | |
language | English |
budget | $30 million |
gross | $361,958,736 }} |
The top-grossing film on its opening weekend, ''Toy Story'' went on to earn over $191 million in the United States and Canada during its initial theatrical release and took in more than $361 million worldwide. Reviews were overwhelmingly positive, praising both the technical innovation of the animation and the wit and sophistication of the screenplay, and it is now widely considered, by many critics, to be one of the greatest and most revolutionary films in the history of animation.
In addition to DVD releases, ''Toy Story''-inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin-offs, and merchandise. View-Master released a three-reel set in 3D in 1995, prior to release of 3D films. The film was so successful it prompted two sequels; ''Toy Story 2'' (1999) and ''Toy Story 3'' (2010). Both sequels were instant hits and garnered critical acclaim similar to the first; ''Toy Story 3'' is, to date, the highest-grossing film in Pixar's canon. Leading up to the third film's premiere, as part of its promotion, ''Toy Story'' and ''Toy Story 2'' were also re-released as a double feature in Disney Digital 3-D on October 2, 2009. The film was selected into the National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" in 2005, its first year of eligibility.
As Andy prepares to go to a family outing at the space themed Pizza Planet restaurant with Buzz, Woody attempts to have Buzz misplaced, but ends up knocking him out a window instead. With Buzz missing, Andy takes Woody with him to Pizza Planet instead. Buzz, however, climbs aboard the car and confronts Woody as they stop at a gas station. The two toys fight and accidentally land outside the car, which drives off and leaves them stranded. Woody spots a truck bound for Pizza Planet and plans to rendezvous with Andy there, convincing Buzz to come with him by telling him it will take him to his home planet. Once at Pizza Planet, Buzz makes his way into a claw game machine shaped like a spaceship, thinking that it is the ship Woody promised him. While Woody clambers in to try and rescue him, they get captured by Andy's next door neighbor, Sid Phillips, who tortures and destroys toys for fun.
At Sid's house, the two desperately stage numerous attempts to escape before Andy's family's moving day, encountering nightmarish hodge-podge toys of Sid's creation as well as Sid's vicious dog, Scud. When Buzz sees a commercial for Buzz Lightyear action figures just like himself and realizes that he is a toy, he becomes too depressed to participate in Woody's escape plan. Sid prepares to destroy Buzz by strapping him to a rocket, but is delayed by a thunderstorm and sleeps for the night. Woody convinces Buzz that life is worth living even if he is not a space ranger because of the joy he can bring to children, and helps Buzz regain his spirit. Cooperating with Sid's mutant toys, Woody stages a rescue for Buzz and scares Sid away by coming to life in front of him. However, the two miss Andy's car as it drives away to his new house.
Running out on the road, they manage to climb onto the moving truck but Scud chases them and Buzz tackles the dog to save Woody. Woody attempts to rescue Buzz with Andy's RC but the other toys, who still distrust him, toss him off onto the road. Spotting Woody driving RC back with Buzz alive, the other toys realize their mistake and try to help them into the truck. When RC's batteries become depleted, Woody ignites the rocket on Buzz's back and manages to throw RC into the moving truck just as the duo go soaring into the air. Buzz then opens his wings to cut himself free before he and Woody glide safely into the car. Andy looks in the box and is elated to find Buzz and Woody.
On Christmas Eve at their new house, Buzz and Woody stage another reconnaissance mission to prepare for the new toy arrivals, one of which is a Mrs. Potato Head, much to the delight of Mr. Potato Head. Woody jokingly asks Buzz "What could Andy possibly get...that is worse than you?", but the two then share a worried smile as they discover that Andy's new gift is a puppy.
;Additional voices
Pixar's Oscar-winning short film ''Tin Toy'' (directed by Lasseter) and its CAPS project were among works that gained Disney's attention and, after meetings in 1990 with Jeffrey Katzenberg, Pixar pitched a television special called ''A Tin Toy Christmas''. By July 1991, Disney and Pixar signed an agreement to work on a film, based on the ''Tin Toy'' characters, called ''Toy Story''. The deal gave Pixar a three-film deal (with ''Toy Story'' being the first) as well as 10% of the films' profits.
''Toy Story'''s script was strongly influenced by the ideas of screenwriter Robert McKee. The script went through many changes before the final version. Lasseter decided Tinny was "too antiquated", and the character was changed to a military action figure, and then given a space theme. Tinny's name changed to Lunar Larry, then Tempus from Morph, and eventually Buzz Lightyear (after astronaut Buzz Aldrin). Lightyear's design was modeled on the suits worn by Apollo astronauts as well as G.I. Joe action figures. Woody the second character, was inspired by a Casper the Friendly Ghost doll that Lasseter had when he was a child. Originally Woody was a ventriloquist's dummy with a pull-string (hence the name Woody). However, character designer, Bud Luckey suggested that Woody would be changed to a cowboy ventriloquist dummy, John Lasseter liked the idea and the character was changed. Eventually all the ventriloquist dummy aspects of the character were deleted, because the dummy was designed to look "sneaky and mean". However they kept the name Woody to pay homage to the Western Actor Woody Strode. Unlike other Disney films of the time, Lasseter did not want the film to be a musical, saying it was a buddy film featuring "real toys", with the story department drawing inspiration from films such as ''48 Hrs.'' and ''The Defiant Ones''. Joss Whedon agreed saying, "It would have been a really bad musical, because it's a buddy movie. It's about people who won't admit what they want, much less sing about it. ... Buddy movies are about sublimating, punching an arm, 'I hate you.' It's not about open emotion." Disney also appointed Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow and, later, Whedon to help develop the script. In addition, Disney wanted the film to appeal to both children and adults, and asked for adult references to be added to the film. Disney gave approval for the film on January 19, 1993, at which point voice casting could begin.
Lasseter always wanted Tom Hanks to play the character of Woody. Lasseter claimed Hanks "... has the ability to take emotions and make them appealing. Even if the character, like the one in ''A League of Their Own'', is down-and-out and despicable." Early test footage, using Hanks' voice from ''Turner & Hooch'', convinced Hanks to sign on to the film. Billy Crystal was approached to play Buzz, but turned down the role, which he later regretted, although he would voice Mike Wazowski in Pixar's later success, ''Monsters, Inc''. Katzenberg took the role to Tim Allen, who was appearing in Disney's ''Home Improvement'', and he accepted. ''Toy Story'' was both Hanks and Allen's first animated film role.
Pixar presented an early draft of the film to Disney on November 19, 1993. The result was disastrous. It presented Woody as a "sarcastic jerk". This was because Katzenberg kept sending notes to Pixar saying that he wanted more edge. Katzenberg took Walt Disney Feature Animation president Peter Schneider in the hall during the screening and asked him why it was so bad. Schneider responded that it "wasn't their movie anymore." Schneider wanted to immediately shut down production, fire all recently hired animators and move the key writers (John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Pete Docter and Joe Ranft) into the Disney Studio, pending a new script approved by Disney. Pixar refused and said that the entire story will be changed in two weeks. As promised, two weeks later a new script had been written that made Woody a more likable character. It also included a more adult-orientated staff meeting amongst the toys rather than a juvenile group discussion that had existed in earlier drafts. Buzz Lightyear's character was also changed slightly "to make it more clear to the audience that he really doesn't realize he's a toy" as John Lasseter remarked. After the second screening Katzenberg restarted production. The voice actors returned in March 1994 to record their new lines.
It was Whedon's idea to incorporate Barbie as a character who would rescue Woody and Buzz in the film's final act. The idea was dropped after Mattel objected and refused to license the toy. Producer Ralph Guggenheim claimed that Mattel did not allow the use of the toy as "They [Mattel] philosophically felt girls who play with Barbie dolls are projecting their personalities onto the doll. If you give the doll a voice and animate it, you're creating a persona for it that might not be every little girl's dream and desire." Barbies did, however, appear in the film's sequels, ''Toy Story 2'' and ''Toy Story 3''. Hasbro likewise refused to license G.I. Joe (mainly because Sid was going to blow one up) but they did license Mr. Potato Head. The only toy in the movie that was not currently in production was Slinky Dog, which was discontinued since the 1970s. When designs for Slinky were sent to Betty James (Richard James's Wife) she said that Pixar had improved the Toy and that it was "cuter" than the original. The film's related toys were produced by Thinkway Toys, who secured the worldwide master toy license in 1995.
The film began with animated storyboards to guide the animators in developing the characters. 27 animators worked on the film, using 400 computer models to animate the characters. Each character was either created out of clay or was first modeled off of a computer-drawn diagram before reaching the computer animated design. Once the animators had a model, articulation and motion controls were coded, allowing each character to move in a variety of ways, such as talking, walking, or jumping. Of all of the characters, Woody was the most complex as he required 723 motion controls, including 212 for his face and 58 for his mouth. To sync the actors' voices with the characters, animators spent a week per 8-second frame detailing the characters' mouths and expressions. After this the animators would compile the scenes, and develop a new storyboard with the computer animated characters. Animators then added shading, lighting, visual effects, and finally used 300 computer processors to render the film to its final design. During post-production, the film was sent to Skywalker Sound where sound effects were mixed with the music score. In total, the film required 800,000 machine hours and 114,240 frames of animation, with 2–15 hours spent per frame.
Upon its release, ''Toy Story'' was the only Pixar film that was branded with only the Disney logo above its title despite the film's dual collaboration. However, after the complete acquisition of Pixar by the Walt Disney Company in 2006, the film along with the rest of the films produced by Pixar now feature the Disney·Pixar brand.
Prior to the film's release, executive producer Steve Jobs stated "If ''Toy Story'' is a modest hit—say $75 million at the box office—we'll [Pixar and Disney] both break even. If it gets $100 million, we'll both make money. But if it's a real blockbuster and earns $200 million or so at the box office, we'll make good money, and Disney will make a lot of money." Upon its release on November 22, 1995, Toy Story managed to gross more than $350 million worldwide. Disney chairman Michael Eisner stated "I don't think either side thought ''Toy Story'' would turn out as well as it has. The technology is brilliant, the casting is inspired, and I think the story will touch a nerve. Believe me, when we first agreed to work together, we never thought their first movie would be our 1995 holiday feature, or that they could go public on the strength of it." Marketing for the film includes $20 million spent by Disney for advertising as well as advertisers such as Burger King, Pepsico, Coca-Cola, and Payless ShoeSource paying $125 million in tied promotions for the film. A marketing consultant reflected on the promotion: "This will be a killer deal. How can a kid, sitting through a one-and-a-half-hour movie with an army of recognizable toy characters, not want to own one?"
"The ''Toy Story'' films and characters will always hold a very special place in our hearts and we're so excited to be bringing this landmark film back for audiences to enjoy in a whole new way thanks to the latest in 3-D technology. With ''Toy Story 3'' shaping up to be another great adventure for Buzz, Woody and the gang from Andy's room, we thought it would be great to let audiences experience the first two films all over again and in a brand new way."
Translating the film into 3-D involved revisiting the original computer data and virtually placing a second camera into each scene, creating left-eye and right-eye views needed to achieve the perception of depth. Unique to computer animation, Lasseter referred to this process as "digital archaeology." The process took four months, as well as an additional six months for the two films to add the 3-D. The lead stereographer Bob Whitehill oversaw this process and sought to achieve an effect that impacted the emotional storytelling of the film:
"When I would look at the films as a whole, I would search for story reasons to use 3-D in different ways. In '''Toy Story'', for instance, when the toys were alone in their world, I wanted it to feel consistent to a safer world. And when they went out to the human world, that's when I really blew out the 3-D to make it feel dangerous and deep and overwhelming."
Unlike other countries, the United Kingdom received the films in 3-D as separate releases. ''Toy Story'' was released on October 2, 2009. ''Toy Story 2'' was instead released January 22, 2010. The re-release performed well at the box office, opening with $12,500,000 in its opening weekend, placing at the third position after ''Zombieland'' and ''Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs''. The double feature grossed $30,714,027 in its five-week release.
''Toy Story'' received universal critical acclaim since its release in 1995. Review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes (which gave the movie an "Extremely Fresh" rating) reports that 100% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 74 reviews, with an average score of 9/10. The critical consensus is: ''As entertaining as it is innovative, Toy Story kicked off Pixar's unprecedented run of quality pictures, reinvigorating animated film in the process.'' The film is ''Certified Fresh''. At the website Metacritic, which utilizes a normalized rating system, the film earned a "universal acclaim" level rating of 92/100 based on 16 reviews by mainstream critics. Reviewers hailed the film for its computer animation, voice cast, and ability to appeal to numerous age groups.
Leonard Klady of ''Variety'' commended the animation's "... razzle-dazzle technique and unusual look. The camera loops and zooms in a dizzying fashion that fairly takes one's breath away." Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' compared the film's innovative animation to Disney's ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'', saying "Both movies take apart the universe of cinematic visuals, and put it back together again, allowing us to see in a new way." Due to the film's animation, Richard Corliss of ''TIME'' claimed that it was "... the year's most inventive comedy."
The voice cast was also praised by various critics. Susan Wloszczyna of ''USA Today'' approved of the selection of Hanks and Allen for the lead roles. Kenneth Turan of the ''Los Angeles Times'' stated that "Starting with Tom Hanks, who brings an invaluable heft and believability to Woody, ''Toy Story'' is one of the best voiced animated features in memory, with all the actors ... making their presences strongly felt." Several critics also recognized the film's ability to appeal to various age groups, specifically children and adults. Owen Gleiberman of ''Entertainment Weekly'' wrote: "It has the purity, the ecstatic freedom of imagination, that's the hallmark of the greatest children's films. It also has the kind of spring-loaded allusive prankishness that, at times, will tickle adults even more than it does kids."
In 1995, ''Toy Story'' was named eighth in ''TIME'''s list of the best ten films of 1995. In 2011, ''TIME'' named it one of "The 25 All-TIME Best Animated Films".
In 2003, the Online Film Critics Society ranked the film as the greatest animated film of all time. In 2007, the Visual Effects Society named the film 22nd in its list of the "Top 50 Most Influential Visual Effects Films of All Time". In 2005 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry, one of five films to be selected in its first year of eligibility. The film is ranked ninety-ninth on the AFI's list of the hundred greatest American films of all time. It was one of only two animated films on the list, the other being ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs''. It was also sixth best in the animation genre on AFI's 10 Top 10.
Director Terry Gilliam would praise the film as "a work of genius. It got people to understand what toys are about. They're true to their own character. And that's just brilliant. It's got a shot that's always stuck with me, when Buzz Lightyear discovers he's a toy. He's sitting on this landing at the top of the staircase and the camera pulls back and he's this tiny little figure. He was this guy with a massive ego two seconds before... and it's stunning. I'd put that as one of my top ten films, period."
''Toy Story'' won eight Annie Awards, including "Best Animated Feature". Animator Pete Docter, director John Lasseter, musician Randy Newman, producers Bonnie Arnold and Ralph Guggenheim, production designer Ralph Eggleston, and writers Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow, Andrew Stanton, and Joss Whedon all won awards for "Best Individual Achievement" in their respective fields for their work on the film. The film also won "Best Individual Achievement" in technical achievement.
''Toy Story'' was nominated for two Golden Globes, one for "Best Motion Picture—Comedy/Musical", and one for "Best Original Song—Motion Picture" for Randy Newman's "You've Got a Friend in Me". At both the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards and the Kansas City Film Critics Circle, the film won "Best Animated Film". ''Toy Story'' is also among the top ten in the BFI list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14, and the highest placed (at #99) animated film in ''Empire''
The film was available on Blu-ray for the first time in a Special Edition Combo Pack which included two discs, one Blu-ray copy of the movie, and another DVD copy of the movie. This combo-edition was released on March 23, 2010, along with its sequel. There was a DVD-only re-release on May 11, 2010. Another "Ultimate Toy Box," packaging the Combo Pack with those of both sequels, became available on November 2, 2010.
name | Toy Story |
---|---|
type | Soundtrack |
artist | Randy Newman |
cover | Toy Story Soundtrack.jpg |
alt | At the center of the album cover is a toy cowboy's head overlooking a bed with a shocked expression on his face. Sitting on the bed in front of him are the legs of a toy astronaut. The title of the soundtrack is at the top of the image and the production credits are located at the bottom. |
released | November 22, 1995 |
genre | Score |
length | 51:44 |
label | Walt Disney |
Producer | Chris Montan (Don Davis, Jim Flamberg, Don Was, Frank Wolf, Randy Newman) |
chronology | Pixar soundtrack |
this album | ''Toy Story''(1995) |
next album | ''A Bug's Life''(1998) |
misc | }} |
The soundtrack for ''Toy Story'' was produced by Walt Disney Records and was released on November 22, 1995, the week of the film's release. Scored and written by Randy Newman, the soundtrack has received praise for its "sprightly, stirring score". Despite the album's critical success, the soundtrack only peaked at number 94 on the ''Billboard'' 200 album chart. A cassette and CD single release of "You've Got a Friend in Me" was released on April 12, 1996 in order to promote the soundtrack's release. The soundtrack was remastered in 2006 and although it is no longer available physically, the album is available for purchase digitally in retailers such as iTunes ;Tracklisting
;Charts
!Chart (1995) | !Peakposition |
''Toy Story 3'' was released on June 18, 2010. The film centers on the toys being accidentally donated to a day-care center when their owner Andy is preparing to go to college. Again the majority of the cast from the prior two films returned. It was the first film in the franchise to be released in 3-D for its first run, though the first two films, which were originally released in 2-D, were re-released in 3-D in 2009 as a double feature.
In November 1996, the Disney on Ice: Toy Story ice show opened which featured the voices of the cast as well as the music by Randy Newman. In April 2008, the ''Disney Wonder'' cruise ship launched ''Toy Story: The Musical'' shows on its cruises.
''Toy Story'' also led to a spin-off direct-to-video animated film, ''Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins'', as well as the animated television series ''Buzz Lightyear of Star Command''. The film and series followed Buzz Lightyear and his friends at Star Command as they uphold justice across the galaxy. Although the film was criticized for not using the same animation as in ''Toy Story'' and ''Toy Story 2'', it sold three million VHS and DVDs in its first week of release. The series ran for two seasons.
''Toy Story'' had a large promotion prior to its release, leading to numerous tie-ins with the film including images on food packaging. A variety of merchandise was released during the film's theatrical run and its initial VHS release including toys, clothing, and shoes, among other things. When an action figure for Buzz Lightyear and Sheriff Woody was created it was initially ignored by retailers. However, after over 250,000 figures were sold for each character prior to the film's release, demand continued to expand, eventually reaching over 25 million units sold by 2007.
Category:1995 films Category:1995 albums Category:1990s comedy films Category:2-D films converted to 3-D Category:American children's fantasy films Category:American fantasy-comedy films Category:Annie Award winners Category:1990s animated films Category:Buddy films Category:Disney films Category:Films about toys Category:Films featuring anthropomorphic characters Category:Pixar feature films Category:Toy Story Category:United States National Film Registry films Category:Films directed by John Lasseter
af:Toy Story ar:حكاية لعبة bg:Играта на играчките ca:Toy Story cs:Toy Story cy:Toy Story da:Toy Story de:Toy Story dv:ޓޯއި ސްޓޯރީ el:Toy Story es:Toy Story fa:داستان اسباببازی fr:Toy Story gl:Toy Story ko:토이 스토리 hr:Priča o igračkama id:Toy Story is:Toy Story it:Toy Story - Il mondo dei giocattoli he:צעצוע של סיפור ka:სათამაშოების ისტორია lv:Rotaļlietu stāsts hu:Toy Story – Játékháború ms:Toy Story nl:Toy Story (film) ja:トイ・ストーリー no:Toy Story pl:Toy Story pt:Toy Story ro:Povestea jucăriilor qu:Pukllanamanta Willakuy ru:История игрушек sq:Toy Story simple:Toy Story sl:Svet igrač fi:Toy Story – leluelämää sv:Toy Story th:ทอย สตอรี่ tr:Oyuncak Hikâyesi uk:Історія іграшок vi:Câu chuyện đồ chơi zh:玩具总动员This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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