A talk show (American and Australian English) or chat show (British) is a television program or radio program where one person (or group of people) discuss various topics put forth by a talk show host.

Sometimes, talk shows feature a panel of guests, usually consisting of a group of people who are learned or who have great experience in relation to whatever issue is being discussed on the show for that episode. Other times, a single guest discusses their work or area of expertise with a host or co-hosts. A call-in show takes live phonecalls from callers listening at home, in their cars, etc. Sometimes, guests are already seated but are often introduced and enter from backstage. Gay Byrne, Steve Allen, Jack Parr, Johnny Carson, Ed Sullivan, Oprah Winfrey, and Mosunmola Abudu have hosted notable talk shows; in many cases, the shows have made their hosts famous.

Genres

Television talk shows often feature celebrity guests who talk about their work and personal lives as well as the their latest films, TV shows, music recordings or other projects they'd like to promote to the public. The hosts are often comedians who open the shows with comedy monologues.

Talk-radio host Howard Stern also hosted a talk show that was syndicated nationally in the USA, then moved to satellite radio's Sirius. The tabloid talk show genre, pioneered by Phil Donahue but popularized by Oprah Winfrey was extremely popular during the last two decades of the 20th century.

Politics are hardly the only subject of American talk shows, however. Other radio talk show subjects include ''Car Talk'' hosted by NPR and ''Coast to Coast AM'' hosted by Art Bell and George Noory which discusses topics of the paranormal, conspiracy theories, fringe science and the just plain weird. Sports talk shows are also very popular ranging from high-budget shows like ''The Best Damn Sports Show Period'' to Max Kellerman's original public-access television cable TV show ''Max on Boxing''.

History

Talk shows have been broadcast on television since the earliest days of the medium. Joe Franklin, an American radio and television personality, hosted the first television talk show. The show began in 1951 on WJZ-TV (later WABC-TV) and moved to WOR-TV (later WWOR-TV) from 1962 to 1993.

Ireland's ''The Late Late Show'' is the world's longest-running talk show; although ''The Tonight Show'' is equally as old, it has changed formats and titles since its beginnings in 1950.

Steve Allen was the first host of ''The Tonight Show'', which began as a local New York show, being picked up by the NBC network in 1954. It in turn had evolved from his late-night radio talk show in Los Angeles. Allen pioneered the format of late night network TV talk shows, originating such talk show staples as an opening monologue, celebrity interviews, audience participation, and comedy bits in which cameras were taken outside the studio, as well as music.

TV news pioneer Edward R. Murrow hosted a talk show entitled ''Small World'' in the late 1950s and since then, political TV talk shows have predominantly aired on Sunday mornings.

Syndicated daily talk shows began to gain more popularity during the mid-1970s and reached their height of with the rise of the tabloid talk show. Morning talk shows gradually replaced earlier forms of programming - there were a plethora of morning game shows during the 1960s and early to mid-1970s, and some stations formerly showed a morning movie in the time slot that many talk shows now occupy.

Current late night talk shows such as ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'' and ''Late Show with David Letterman'' have aired for years, featuring celebrity guests and comedy sketches. Syndicated daily talk shows range from tabloid talk shows, such as ''The Jerry Springer Show'' to celebrity interview shows like ''Live with Regis and Kelly'', ''The Bonnie Hunt Show'', and ''Ellen'' to industry leader ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' which popularized the former genre and has been evolving towards the rise of a new brand of successful host such as top rated radio and late night television talk show host S. Scott Conner. On November 10, 2010, Oprah Winfrey invited several of the most prominent American talk show hosts - Phil Donahue, Sally Jessy Raphael, Geraldo Rivera, Ricki Lake and Montel Williams - to join her as guests on her show.

Talk shows have more recently started to appear on Internet Radio. Also, several internet blogs are in talk show format including the Baugh Experience.

The Guinness World Record of 40 hours for the longest talk show was broken on the October 27/28, 2007 by Paweł Kotuliński in Poland.

Talk shows in other countries

In Japan, panel shows - called "tooku bangumi" (トーク番組）in Japanese - are very commonplace, accounting for about 30% of daytime and prime-time programming on the four main television stations. Due to language and cultural differences, Japanese TV stations could not freely use syndicated programs (mostly from Europe and North America) and therefore turned to panel shows, which could be produced cheaply and easily, to fill time during daytime programming.

Japanese panel shows are distinct in generally not employing regular panelists but instead having a panel made up of different freelance comedians and celebrities each program, although the program is generally hosted by the same compere. Talk shows evolved in tandem with the Japanese variety show and it is very common for talk shows to borrow variety elements, typically by having celebrity guests attempt some kind of amusingly incongruous activity. Often, one of the guests will be a gaijin tarento (foreign talent) in order to provide comedy or to comment on matters related to Western culture. However, the comedic elements are usually written for the guests and hosts.

Taiwan is also known for their talk shows, like Japan, where they carry variety show elements and feature a handful of celebrities for each show. Many Taiwanese talk shows rely on comedic bantering, musical and talent performances, wildly animated on-screen texts and visuals (remniscent of anime), but most of these elements are scripted by writers.

See also

Talk radio

Breakfast Television

Trash TV

The Tonight Show

Late Night (NBC)

Parkinson (TV series)

Friday Night with Jonathan Ross

The Graham Norton Show

References

Further reading

Priming Effects of Late-Night Comedy

Late-Night Comedy and the Salience of the Candidates' Caricatured Traits in the 2000 Election

About Talk Shows

Morning Talk Shows

Daytime Talk Shows

Late Night Talk Shows

Category:Television genres Category:Radio formats

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Coordinates	38°53′51.61″N77°2′11.58″N
name	Todd Barry
birth date	March 26, 1964
birth place	The Bronx, New York
medium	Stand-up
website	http://www.toddbarry.com/
footnotes	}}

Todd Barry (born March 26, 1964) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice actor.

Biography

Barry was born in The Bronx, New York, and grew up in Florida. In 1999, his ''Comedy Central Presents'' aired. He wrote, directed and starred in the short film ''Borrowing Saffron'' (2002), which co-starred H. Jon Benjamin. He has made a variety of guest appearances on shows like ''Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist'', ''Home Movies'', ''Wonder Showzen'', and ''Aqua Teen Hunger Force''. He also voices a recurring character on Squidbillies. In 2004 Todd Barry was featured in an animated series called Shorties Watchin' Shorties.

In 2008, he played Wayne in Darren Aronofsky's ''The Wrestler''.

Over the course of six years he made 16 appearances on Dr. Katz, appearing as himself in the first two appearances. He then played the recurring character "Todd the video store clerk" and appeared in most episodes in the show's final year. He also played a character in the television pilot ''Saddle Rash'' along with Sarah Silverman, H. Jon Benjamin and Mitch Hedberg. In "The Third Conchord", the twelfth and final episode of the first season of ''Flight of the Conchords'', Barry played Todd, a bongo playing megalomaniac, who tries to introduce the song, "Doggy Bounce," to the Conchords' repertoire, and a new band name: The Crazy Dogggz.

In 2010, Barry had a recurring role as a fictionalized version of himself in the second season of the live-action Adult Swim series ''Delocated''. He also has a recurring role playing himself in FX's ''Louie''.

Works

Discography

''Medium Energy'' (2001)

''Falling off the Bone'' (2004)

''From Heaven'' (2008)

Films

''The Wrestler'' (2008) - Wayne

''Road Trip - Campus Security Guard 1

''Pootie Tang'' - Greasy

''Tomorrow Night'' - Man Caught in Rain (Director: Louis CK, 1998 Sundance Selection)

''Los Enchiladas!'' - Duane (Director: Mitch Hedberg, 1999 Sundance Selection)

''Borrowing Saffron'' - George (Director: Todd Barry, Woodstock Film Festival Selection)

Television

''Aqua Teen Hunger Force'', Romulox (three episodes)

''Bored to Death'' - Dale Woodley

''Flight of the Conchords'' - Todd

''Wonder Showzen'' - Barold T. Mosley

''Sesame Street'' - #7

''Lucky Louie'' - Todd

''Talkshow with Spike Feresten'' - Himself-guest

''Chappelle's Show'' - Paul

''The Larry Sanders Show'' - Keith

''Spin City'' - Doug

''Sex and the City'' - Ordinary Guy

''Contest Searchlight'' - himself

''Tough Crowd With Colin Quinn'' - regular panelist

''Tom Goes to the Mayor'' - Saul

''Space Ghost Coast to Coast'' - Himself-guest ("Eat a Peach" episode)

''Home Movies'' - Video Store Clerk

''Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil''

''The Sarah Silverman Program''

''Louie''

''Delocated''

''Bob's Burgers'' - Moo-Lissa

References

External links

NPR.org Interview

Kittenpants.org interview

Scene Missing Magazine Interviews Todd Barry

.jesterjournal.com review of "From Heaven" CD

Category:1964 births Category:American comedians Category:American film actors Category:American stand-up comedians Category:American television actors Category:American television writers Category:American voice actors Category:Living people

es:Todd Barry

Coordinates	38°53′51.61″N77°2′11.58″N
Name	José Manuel Barroso
Office	President of the European Commission
Vicepresident	Margot WallströmCatherine Ashton
Term start	22 November 2004
Predecessor	Romano Prodi
Office2	Prime Minister of Portugal Elections: 1999, 2002
President2	Jorge Sampaio
Term start2	6 April 2002
Term end2	17 July 2004
Predecessor2	António Guterres
Successor2	Pedro Santana Lopes
Birth date	March 23, 1956
Birth place	Lisbon, Portugal
Profession	LawyerProfessor
Party	Social Democratic Party (1976–present)
Otherparty	Portuguese Workers' Communist Party (Before 1976)
Spouse	Maria Sousa Uva
Children	LuísGuilhermeFrancisco
Residence	Brussels, Belgium
Alma mater	University of LisbonEuropean University InstituteUniversity of Geneva
Signature	Barroso signature.svg
Website	Official website
Media gallery	Official Media Gallery }}

José Manuel Durão Barroso (; born 23 March 1956) is a Portuguese politician. He is President of the European Commission, since 23 November 2004. He served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 6 April 2002 to 17 July 2004.

Academic career

Durão Barroso (as he is known in Portugal) graduated in Law from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon and has an MSc in Economic and Social Sciences from the University of Geneva (Institut Européen de l'Université de Genève) in Switzerland. His academic career continued as an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon. He did research for a PhD at Georgetown University and Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington, D.C. but his CV does not list any doctoral degree (except honorary). He is a 1998 graduate of the Georgetown Leadership Seminar. Back in Lisbon, Barroso became Director of the Department for International Relations at Lusíada University (Universidade Lusíada). He received honorary degrees from many Universities listed under honorary degrees.

Early political career

Barroso's political activity began in his college days, before the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974. He was one of the leaders of the underground Maoist MRPP (Reorganising Movement of the Proletariat Party, later PCTP/MRPP, Communist Party of the Portuguese Workers/Revolutionary Movement of the Portuguese Proletariat). In an interview with the newspaper ''Expresso'', he said that he had joined MRPP to fight the only other student body movement, also underground, which was controlled by the Communist Party. Despite this justification there is a very famous political 1976 interview recorded by RTP in which he criticises the bourgeois education system which "throws students against workers and workers against students", showing clear left-wing and Maoist inclinations. In December 1980, Barroso joined the right-of-centre PPD (Democratic Popular Party, later PPD/PSD-Social Democratic Party), where he remains to the present day.

In 1985, under the PSD government of Aníbal Cavaco Silva (now President of Portugal), Barroso was named Under-Secretary of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs. In 1987 he became a member of the same government as he was elevated to Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (answering to the Minister of Foreign Affairs), a post he was to hold for the next five years. In this capacity he was the driving force behind the Bicesse Accords of 1990, which led to a temporary armistice in the Angolan Civil War between the ruling MPLA and the opposition UNITA. He also supported independence for East Timor, a former Portuguese colony, then a province of Indonesia by force. In 1992, Barroso was promoted to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs, and served in this capacity until the defeat of the PSD in the 1995 general election.

Prime Minister of Portugal

In opposition, Barroso was elected to the Assembly of the Republic in 1995 as a representative for Lisbon. There, he became chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee. In 1999 he was elected president of his political party, PSD, succeeding Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (a professor of law), and thus became Leader of the Opposition. Parliamentary elections in 2002 gave the PSD enough seats to form a coalition government with the right-wing Portuguese People's Party, and Barroso subsequently became Prime Minister of Portugal on 6 April 2002. As Prime Minister, facing a growing budget deficit, he made a number of difficult decisions and adopted strict reforms. He vowed to reduce public expenditure, which made him unpopular among leftists and public servants.. His purpose was to lower the public budget deficit to a 3% target (according to the demands of EU rules), and official data during the 2002–2004 period stated that the target was being attained. Barroso did not finish his term as he had been nominated as President of the European Commission on 5 July 2004. Barroso arranged with Portuguese President Jorge Sampaio to nominate Pedro Santana Lopes as a substitute Prime Minister of Portugal. Santana Lopes led the PSD/PP coalition for a few months until early 2005, when new elections were called. When the Portuguese Socialist Party won the elections it produced an estimation that by the end of the year the budget deficit would reach 6.1%, which it used to criticise Barroso's and Santana Lopes's economic policies.

In 2003, Barroso hosted U.S President George W. Bush, British Prime Minister Tony Blair and Spanish Prime Minister José María Aznar in the Portuguese island of Terceira, in the Azores. The four leaders finalised the controversial US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq. Under Barroso's leadership, Portugal became part of the "coalition of the willing" for the invasion and occupation of Iraq, sending non-combat troops.

President of the European Commission

In 2004, the proposed European Constitution and now the Treaty of Lisbon included a provision that the choice of President must take into account the result of Parliamentary elections and the candidate supported by the victorious Europarty in particular. That provision was not in force in the nomination in 2004, but the centre-right European People's Party (EPP), who won the elections, pressured for a candidate from its own ranks. In the end, José Manuel Barroso, the EPP candidate, was chosen by the European Council.

On the same basis, the EPP again endorsed Barroso for a second term during the 2009 European election campaign and, after the EPP again won the elections, was able to secure his nomination by the European Council on 17 June 2009. On 3 September 2009, Barroso unveiled his manifesto for his second term. On 16 September 2009, Barroso was re-elected by the European Parliament for another five years. If he completes his second term he will become only the second Commission president to serve two terms, after Jacques Delors.

During his first presidency, the following important issues were on the Commission's agenda:

Turkey applying for EU membership

The reform of the institutions (Treaty of Lisbon)

The Bolkestein directive, aimed at creating a single market for services within the EU

Lisbon Strategy

Galileo positioning system

Doha Development Agenda negotiations

European Institute of Innovation and Technology

An EU climate change package

One of his first tasks since being re-elected was a visit to Ireland to persuade Irish citizens to approve the Treaty of Lisbon in the country's second referendum due to be held the following month. Barroso was greeted by Irish Minister for Defence Willie O'Dea and Peter Power, the Minister of State (with special responsibility for Overseas Development), as he got off his plane at Shannon Airport on the morning of 19 September 2009 before briefly meeting with the joint committee of the Oireachtas and meeting and greeting people at functions in Limerick's City Hall, University of Limerick (UL) and the Savoy Hotel. He told ''The Irish Times'' in an interview referenced internationally by Reuters that he had been asked if Ireland would split from the European Union. He also launched a €14.8 million grant for former workers at Dell's Limerick plant, described as "conveniently opportune" by former Member of the European Parliament and anti-Lisbonite Patricia McKenna.

Controversies

In 2005 ''Die Welt'' reported that Barroso had spent a week on the yacht of the Greek shipping billionaire Spiro Latsis. It emerged soon afterwards that this had occurred only a month before the Commission approved 10 million euros of Greek state aid for Latsis's shipping company – though the state aid decision had been taken by the previous European Commission before Barroso took up his post. In response to this revelation, Nigel Farage MEP of the UK Independence Party persuaded around 75 MEPs from across the political spectrum to back a motion of no confidence in Barroso, so as to compel him to appear before the European Parliament to be questioned on the matter. The motion was tabled on 12 May 2005, and Barroso appeared before Parliament as required at a debate on 26 May 2005. The motion itself was heavily defeated.

In response to criticism for his choice of a less fuel efficient Volkswagen Touareg, amid EU legislation of targets drastically to reduce car emissions, Barroso dismissed this as "overzealous moralism".

In April 2008, amid sharp food price rises and mounting food vs fuel concerns, Barroso insisted that biofuel use was "not significant" in pushing up food prices. The following month, he announced a study that would look into the issue. The backdoor approval of the GE potato, by President Barroso, has met a wave of strong opposition from EU member-states. The governments of Greece, Austria, Luxembourg, Italy, Hungary and France have all publicly announced that they will not allow the GE potato to be grown in their countries.

Personal life

José Manuel Durão Barroso is the son of Luís António Saraiva Barroso and his wife Maria Elisabete de Freitas Durão. In 1980 he married Maria Margarida Pinto Ribeiro de Sousa Uva, with whom he has three sons: Luís (currently studying for a PhD in Law at the London School of Economics), Guilherme, and Francisco de Sousa Uva Durão Barroso.

Apart from Portuguese, Barroso is fluent in French, speaks Spanish and English and has taken a course to acquire a basic knowledge of German.

Honours

Barroso holds of over twenty decorations, including .

Portugal's Gra-Cruz da Ordem Militar de Cristo in 1996;

Winner of the Casa da Imprensa prize in the area of politics in 1992

Named Global Leader for Tomorrow by the World Economic Forum in 1993

Chosen Personality of the Year in 1991 and 2004 by the Foreign Press Association in Portugal

Given “Medalla de la Universidad de Alcala de Henares” and “Medalla de Oro de la Ciudad de Zamora”, Spain, 2005

Golden Medal: The Bell Celebration – Message to the United Europe, from the Ferdinan Martinengo Company, Slovakia, 2006

EFR-Business Week Award from Erasmus University Rotterdam, 2006.

Honorary Citizen of Rio de Janeiro, June 2006.

"European of the Year" award by European Voice newspaper, November 2006.

Awarded Honorary HEC diploma, Paris, December 2006.

Special Prize, Business Centre Club, Poland, February 2007; Gold Medal of the city of Lamego, Portugal, April 2007;

Transatlantic Leadership Prize, European Institute, Washington DC, April 2007;

Honorary Citizen of Delphi and Golden Medal of the "Amfiktyons", Delphi, Greece, July 2007;

Academic Title EBAPE – FGV, for the relevant contribution and services towards the study and practice in Administration - Getulio Vargas Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, August 2007

Conde de Barcelona International Prize from the Conde de Barcelona Foundation, Barcelona, November 2007.

Honorary Medal and Honorary Diploma of the City of Nicosia, Nicosia, January 2008.

Honorary Member, Academia Portuguesa da História, Lisbon, March 2008.

State Medal "Stara Planina" I Degree, Bulgaria , March 2008.

"Prémio Rotary da Paz", Rotary International Distrito 1960 Portugal, Lisbon, April 2008; "Chave de Honra da Cidade de Lisboa", Lisbon, May 2008.

Confraria Queijo S. Jorge, Acores, May 2008.

Ciudadino Andino Honorifico, Lima, Peru, May 2008.

"Transatlantic Business Award", American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union, Brussels, May 2008.

Confraria vinho do Porto, Porto, June 2008.

Orden de la Cruz de Terra Mariana, Primera clase, Tallin, February 2009.

Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of European Studies, Royal Institute of European Studies Madrid, March 2009.

Gold Medal of the Hellenic Parliament, Athens, April 2009.

Medal of Honour and Benefaction of the City of Athens, Athens, April 2009.

European Excellence Award, by the Government Council of the Community of Madrid, May 2009.

Prix European of the Year, The European Movement in Denmark, Copenhagen, May 2009.

Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great, Vilnius, June 2009.

Laureate of the Quadriga Prize 2009 - United for the Better, Berlin, October 2009

Collar of the Order "pro Merito Melitensi", the Order of Malta, Rome, May 2010.

Medal of Merit from the Federação das Associações Portuguesas e Luso-brasileiras, Brazil, July 2010.

"Man of the Year 2009 of Central and Eastern Europe", Krynica, September 2010.

Great Collar of the Order of Timor-Leste, Brussels, October 2010.

Golden Victoria "European of the Year 2010" award by the Union of German Magazine Publishers VDZ, Berlin, November 2010.

Collar of the European Merit Foundation, Luxembourg, November 2010.

the "Steiger" Award 2011, Bochum, Germany, March 2011.

Honorary Degrees

Honorary Degree from Roger Williams University, Rhode Island, 2005

Honorary Degree in Humanities from Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.

Honorary Degree in Political Science from the University of Genoa, Italy, 2006

Honorary Degree in Law from Kobe University, Japan, April 2006.

Honorary Doctorate in Social and Human Sciences from Candido Mendes University, Rio de Janeiro, June 2006.

Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, University of Edinburgh, November 2006.

Honorary Degree from the Economics Faculty of the "La Sapienza" University of Rome, January 2007

Honorary doctorate at Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, November 2007.

Doctor Honoris Causa degree at the Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, March 2008.

Honorary degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Liverpool, July 2008; "Prémio Política e Responsabilidade Social", Fundação Luso-Brasileira, Lisbon, October 2008.

Honorary Degree of Doctor, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, November 2008.

Doctor Honoris Causa, Tomas Bata University, Zlin, Czech Republic, April 2009.

Honorary doctorate of the Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, May 2009.

Honorary doctorate of Public and International Affairs, University of Pittsburgh, USA, September 2009.

Doctor Honoris Causa, University Estácio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro, July 2010.

Doctorate Honoris Causa, Łódź University, Poland, October 2010.

Doctorate Honoris Causa, University of Geneva, October 2010.

Doctorate Honoris Causa, University of Bucharest, November 2010.

Honorary Doctorate, Baku State University, Azerbaijan, January 2011.

Honorary Doctorate, Luiss Guido Carli University, Rome, March 2011.

Honorary Doctorate, Ghent University, March 2011.

References

External links

President José Manuel Barroso – Official Media Gallery

European Commission – President José Manuel Barroso

tellBarroso.eu – a web service for telling Barroso: "What can Europe do for you?"

|- |-

Category:1956 births Category:Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service alumni Category:Living people Category:Maoism Category:People from Lisbon Category:Portuguese European Commissioners Category:Portuguese Roman Catholics Category:Presidents of the European Commission Category:Prime Ministers of Portugal Category:Portuguese Workers' Communist Party politicians Category:Social Democratic Party (Portugal) politicians Category:Portuguese foreign ministers Category:Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class Category:University of Lisbon alumni

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Coordinates	38°53′51.61″N77°2′11.58″N
name	Tyra Banks
birth name	Tyra Lynne Banks
birth date	December 04, 1973
birth place
occupation	Model ActressTalk show host
height
haircolor	Dark Brown
eyecolor	Brown
measurements	34D-24-35½
years active	1991–present
website	Tyra Banks web site
agency	IMG Models
salary	$23 million (2008) }}

Tyra Lynne Banks (born December 4, 1973) is an American supermodel, media personality, actress, occasional singer, and businesswoman. She first became famous as a model in Paris, Milan, London, Tokyo, and New York, but television appearances were her commercial breakthrough. Banks is the creator and host of the UPN/The CW reality television show ''America's Next Top Model'', co-creator of ''True Beauty'', and host of her own talk show, ''The Tyra Banks Show.''

Early life

Tyra Banks was born in Inglewood, California, the daughter of Carolyn (née London), a medical photographer, and Donald Banks, a computer consultant. The couple divorced in 1980, when Banks was 6 years old. However, the relationship between her parents, and between her and her brother Devin Banks (born 1968), stayed friendly. Later, Carolyn married Clifford Johnson; she now goes by Carolyn London-Johnson. Banks attended John Burroughs Middle School and graduated in 1991 from Immaculate Heart High School in Los Angeles. She was accepted by USC and UCLA but declined to attend, instead pursuing a career in modeling.

Career

Modeling

Banks began modeling in the 11th grade. She later went to Paris, France to do some runway modeling. Within Banks' first week in Paris, she was booked for twenty-five shows. She has done extensive print and/or runway work for fashion/advertising giants, such as Anna Sui, CoverGirl, Bill Blass, Chanel, Victoria's Secret, and Yves Saint Laurent. She has appeared on the covers of high-fashion magazines such as ''Vogue'', ''Harper's Bazaar'', ''Cosmopolitan'', and ''Elle''.

Banks was the first African American woman on the covers of ''GQ'' and the ''Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue''. In 1997, she received the VH1 award for Supermodel of the Year. That same year, she became the first-ever African American chosen for the cover of the Victoria's Secret catalog.

In 1998, Banks authored a book entitled ''Tyra's Beauty, Inside and Out''. The book was advertised as a resource for helping women to make the most out of their natural beauty.

Banks retired from modeling in May 2005 to concentrate on her television career. She walked the runway for the final time at the 2005 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.

In 2010, Banks re-signed with her former modeling agency IMG Models.

Move into television and film

Banks's television career began on the fourth season of ''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air'', in which she played lead character Will Smith's old friend Jackie Ames. She made seven appearances in the series. Other TV credits include ''Felicity'', ''MADtv'', ''Nick Cannon's Wild 'n Out'' (in which she was featured as a special guest host and team captain) and ''The Price Is Right'' (guest-starring as a "Barker's Beauty"). She also appeared as a guest in the animated talk show ''Space Ghost Coast to Coast'' in an episode entitled "Chinatown."

Tyra Banks started her own production company ''Bankable Productions'', which produced ''The Tyra Banks Show'', ''America's Next Top Model'', and the 2008 movie ''The Clique''.

Currently, Banks can be seen on television as the hostess, judge and executive producer of The CW Television Network show ''America's Next Top Model''. In addition, she hosted ''The Tyra Banks Show'', a daytime talk show aimed at younger women, which premiered on September 12, 2005, and ran until May 28, 2010.

In 2008, Banks won the Daytime Emmy Award for her work and production on ''The Tyra Banks Show''. In late-January 2008, Banks got the go-ahead from The CW Television Network to start work on a new reality television series based on fashion magazines called ''Stylista''. The show premiered on October 22, 2008.

In 2009, she was honored by Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) with the Excellence in Media Award.

Banks's first big screen role came in 1994, when she co-starred in the drama ''Higher Learning''. She then co-starred with Lindsay Lohan in the Disney film ''Life-Size'', playing a doll named Eve who comes to life and has to learn how to live in the real world. Other notable roles include ''Love Stinks'' (1999), ''Love & Basketball'' (2000), ''Coyote Ugly'' (2000) and ''Halloween: Resurrection'' (2002). She and Miley Cyrus poke fun at the excesses of the Hollywood lifestyle with a battle over a pair of shoes in ''Hannah Montana: The Movie'' (2009).

Banks appeared in the fourth episode of the third season of ''Gossip Girl'' playing Ursula Nyquist, a larger-than-life actress who works with Serena.

Music

Banks has appeared in several music videos, including Michael Jackson's "Black or White", Tina Turner's "Love Thing", Mobb Deep's "Trife Life", George Michael's "Too Funky" (with fellow supermodel Linda Evangelista) and Lionel Richie's "Don't Wanna Lose You". In 2004, she recorded her first single, "Shake Ya Body," which had a music video featuring the final six contestants on ''America's Next Top Model, Cycle 2''. The video was world-premiered on UPN, but the single turned out to be a failure. On ''America's Next Top Model, Cycle 2'' Banks said, "Singing has been a passion of mine for a long, long time...six years on the down low - been ducking in and out of studios cutting tracks." Later, on her talk show, she said, "I can't believe I wasted six years of doing something that I didn't finish...I was almost able to release my album ''T.Y.R.A.'', but since my music career hit rock bottom, I quit."

Banks released a single with NBA player Kobe Bryant, entitled "K.O.B.E.," which was performed on NBA TV. She also has a single on the soundtrack to Disney Channel's Original Movie ''Life-Size'' called "Be A Star."

Books

Banks announced in May 2010 that she would be writing a novel, called ''Modelland'', loosely based on her own modelling experience. Scheduled to be released in September 2011, it is the first of a planned three-part series. On an interview with ''Good Morning America'', Banks stated that ''Modelland'' is the story of four girls who are accepted into an "exclusive" modelling school in the world of Modelland.

''Love Stinks ''Love & Basketball'' ''Halloween: Resurrection'' ''Mr. Woodcock'' ''Tropic Thunder'' ''Hannah Montana: The Movie'' ''MADtv'' ''America's Next Top Model'' ''American Dreams'' ''The Tyra Banks Show'' ''Gossip Girl (TV series)

colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;"	Film
		! Film	! Role	! Notes
1995	''Higher Learning''	Deja
1999	|	Holly Garnett
rowspan=3	2000	|	Kyra Kessler
''Life-Size''	Eve Doll
''Coyote Ugly (film)	Coyote Ugly''	Zoë
rowspan=2	2002	|	Nora Winston
''Eight Crazy Nights''	Victoria's Secret Gown
2007	|	Herself	Cameo
2008	|	Herself	Cameo
2009	|	Herself in Women's Shoe Department	Cameo
colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;">Television
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
1993	''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air''	Jackie Ames	*Where There's a Will, There's a Way: Part 1	*All Guts, No Glory	*Father of the Year	*Blood Is Thicker Than Mud	*Fresh Prince After Dark	*Take My Cousin... Please	*You've Got to Be a Football Hero
rowspan=2	1999		Jane Scott	*A Good Egg	*Kissing Mr. Covington	*One Ball, Two Strikes
''Just Shoot Me!''	Herself	*Nina Sees Red: Part 1	*Nina Sees Red: Part 2
2000	|	Katisha Latisha Parisha Farisha Johnson	TV series	*Episode #5.17	*Episode #5.25
2003–present	|	Host	Reality TV series created, judged and hosted by Banks
rowspan=2	2004	|	Carolyn Gill	TV series	*Chasing the Past
''All of Us''	Roni	*O Brother, Where Art Thou?
2005–2010	|	Host	Talk show
2009	Gossip Girl''||	Ursula Nyquist	TV series,season 3	*Dan de Fleurette

Further education

In 2011, Banks enrolled in the Owner/President Management Program (OPM) at the Harvard Business School.

Philanthropy

In 1999, Tyra Banks established the TZONE program, which aimed at leadership and life skills development. The program was created for the primarily disadvantaged teen girls in the greater Los Angeles area, and involves sending teens to a week-long overnight camp outside of LA, where Tyra personally lived among and bonded with the campers.

In 2005, TZONE transformed from a camp into a public charity, the Tyra Banks TZONE Foundation, with a mission which honors TZONE's camp origins, and seeks to create a larger “sisterhood” among girls and young women. It makes grants to grassroot organizations, and supports organizations that serve women and girls ages 13–35.

References

External links

''The Tyra Banks Show'' website

''The New York Times'' Profile/Interview

Category:1973 births Category:African American film actors Category:African American models Category:African American female models Category:African American female singers Category:African American television personalities Category:American entertainment industry businesspeople Category:American female models Category:American game show hosts Category:American television producers Category:American television talk show hosts Category:Models from California Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States Category:Living people Category:People from the Greater Los Angeles Area Category:GLAAD Media Awards winners

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Coordinates	38°53′51.61″N77°2′11.58″N
name	Gucci Mane
background	solo_singer
birth name	Radric Davis
born	February 02, 1980 Birmingham, Alabama
origin	Atlanta, Georgia, United States
genre	Hip hop
occupation	Rapper
years active	2001 – present
label	1017 Brick Squad Records, Asylum, Warner Bros.
associated acts	1017 Brick Squad, OJ Da Juiceman, Yo Gotti, Soulja Boy, Shawty Lo, E-40, Nicki Minaj, French Montana, Ludacris, Devin the Dude, Waka Flocka Flame
website
notable instruments	}}

Radric Davis (born February 2, 1980), better known by his stage name Gucci Mane, is an American rapper. He debuted in 2005 with ''Trap House'' and followed with albums such as ''Hard to Kill'' in 2006, ''Trap-A-Thon'' and ''Back to the Trap House'' in 2007. In 2009, his second studio album ''The State vs. Radric Davis'' was released. Gucci Mane has released many other mixtapes as well.

While serving a six-month jail term for assault in late 2005, Davis was charged with murder, though the charges were later dropped due to a lack of evidence. In 2009, he served a year-long prison term for violating probation for his 2005 assault conviction.

Biography

Early life

Davis was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and later moved with his single mother to Atlanta. He enjoyed writing poetry as a child, and began rapping at age 14.

2005–2006: ''Trap House'' and ''Hard to Kill''

In 2005, Davis released his independent debut album entitled ''Trap House'', which featured the successful single "Icy" with Young Jeezy. Disputes over the rights to this single caused a rift between the two artists. ''Hard to Kill'' followed in 2006. ''Hard To Kill'' included the hit single "Freaky Gurl". The song peaked at number 12 on the Hot Rap Tracks, number 19 on the Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs, and at number 62 on the Hot 100.

2007: ''Back to the Trap House''

The official remix of Freaky Gurl featuring Ludacris and Lil Kim was included on his 2007 commercial debut album ''Back to the Trap House''. Gucci Mane appeared on OJ da Juiceman's "Make Tha Trap Say Aye" and began working on various mixtapes. Gucci Mane signed to Warner Bros. Records in May 2009.

2009–2010: ''The State vs. Radric Davis''

He appeared on remixes of the songs "Boom Boom Pow" by The Black Eyed Peas, "Obsessed" by Mariah Carey and "5 Star Chick" by Yo Gotti and made a guest appearance on Mario's "Break Up" (he has made 17 guest appearances total in 2009). Gucci Mane's second studio album ''The State vs. Radric Davis'' was released under the label Warner Bros. Records on December 8, 2009. Its first single, "Wasted" featuring Plies, was originally from Mane's 2009 mixtape ''Writing on the Wall''. It peaked at number 36 on the Hot 100, number 3 on the Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs, and number 3 on the Rap Songs making it Gucci Mane's most successful single to date. The second single is "Spotlight" featuring Usher. The third single is "Lemonade". The fourth single is "Bingo". On October 2, 2009, Gucci Mane was listed at number 6 on MTV's annual Hottest MC in the Game list.

2010–present: ''The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted''

After being released from jail, Gucci Mane stated that he would start or change the label name from So Icey Entertainment to 1017 Brick Squad Records. ''The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted'', was released on September 28, 2010. The first single from this release was titled "Gucci Time", produced by Swizz Beatz. It premiered on Gucci Mane's official MySpace page on August 6. The single features Swizz Beatz and was released to US urban radio stations on August 24, 2010.

Legal issues

In April 2001, Davis was arrested on cocaine charges and sentenced to 90 days in county jail.

On May 10, 2005, Davis was attacked by a group of men at a house in Decatur, Georgia. Davis and his companions shot at the group, killing one. The corpse of one of the attackers, Henry Lee Clark III, was found later behind a nearby middle school. Davis turned himself in to police investigators on May 19, 2005, and was subsequently charged with murder. Davis claimed that the shots fired by him and his party were in self-defense. The DeKalb County district attorney's office dropped the murder charge in January 2006 due to insufficient evidence. The previous October, in an unrelated matter, Davis had pleaded no contest to a charge of assault for assaulting a nightclub promoter the previous June; at the time the murder charge was dropped, he was serving a six-month prison sentence for this. Davis was released from jail in late January 2006.

In September 2008, Gucci Mane was arrested for a probation violation for completing only 25 out of 600 community service hours following his 2005 arrest for assault. He was sentenced to a year in jail but was released after six months. He was incarcerated in the Fulton County jail for probation violation and released on May 12, 2010.

On November 2, 2010, Gucci Mane was arrested for driving on the wrong side of the road, running a red light or stop sign, damage to government property, obstruction, no license, no proof of insurance and other traffic charges. He was taken to Grady Memorial Hospital.

On January 4, 2011, A judge in the Superior Court of Georgia’s Fulton County ordered rapper Gucci Mane to a psychiatric hospital, according to court documents. The documents reveal that his lawyers filed a Special Plea of Mental Incompetency on Dec. 27 arguing that he is unable “to go forward and/or intelligently participate in the probation revocation hearing.”

Discography

Studio Albums

2007: ''Back to the Trap House''

2009: ''The State vs. Radric Davis''

2010: ''The Appeal: Georgia's Most Wanted''

Compilations

2011: ''Global Attack Mixtape, Vol. 1''

References

External links

Official website

Category:1980 births Category:Living people Category:African American rappers Category:American people convicted of assault Category:Asylum Records artists Category:People convicted of drug offenses Category:People from Birmingham, Alabama Category:Rappers from Alabama Category:Rappers from Atlanta, Georgia Category:Warner Bros. Records artists

de:Gucci Mane es:Gucci Mane fr:Gucci Mane ko:구치 매인 hr:Gucci Mane it:Gucci Mane hu:Gucci Mane ja:グッチ・メイン pl:Gucci Mane pt:Gucci Mane ru:Gucci Mane simple:Gucci Mane fi:Gucci Mane