Pedro or the archaic Pêro is a masculine given name. It is a Portuguese, Galician and Spanish form of the name ''Peter'', which is derived, via Latin "petra", from the Greek word "η πετρα" meaning "stone, rock". The name Peter itself is a translation of the Aramaic ''Kephas'' or ''Cephas'' meaning "stone".

Pedro may refer to:

People

Monarchs

Pedro I of Portugal

Pedro II of Portugal

Pedro III of Portugal

Pedro IV of Portugal, also Pedro I of Brazil

Pedro V of Portugal

Pedro II of Brazil

Pedro of Castile

Peter I of Aragon and Navarre, also known as Pedro I

Peter II of Aragon

Peter III of Aragon

Peter IV of Aragon

Peter V of Aragon, also Pedro IV of Barcelona

Politicians and leaders

Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Chilean political figure

Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, President of Argentina from 1955 to 1958

Pedro Lascuráin, President of Mexico

Pedro Nel Ospina, Colombian general and political figure

Pedro Pablo Ramírez, President of Argentina from 1943 to 1944

Pedro Rosselló, Governor of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2001

In sports

Pedro Acosta, Venezuelan football player

Pedro Aroche, Mexican race walker

Pedro Collins, West Indian cricketer

Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish racing driver

Pedro Diniz, Brazilian racing driver

Pedro Hernández Martínez (born 1978), Spanish football player

Pedro Iznaga, Cuban volleyball player

Pedro Lima, Angolan swimmer

Pedro Martínez, American baseball player

Pedro Miguel Pauleta, Portuguese football player

Pedro Morales, Puerto Rican professional wrestler

Pedro Pérez, Cuban triple jumper

Pedro Pineda, Mexican football player

Pedro Rodríguez (cyclist), Ecuadorian cyclist

Pedro Rodriguez (racing driver), Mexican Grand Prix racer

Pedro Rodríguez Ledesma, Spanish football player

Pedro Antonio Sánchez Moñino (born 1987), Spanish football player

Pedro Santa Cecilia (born 1984), Spanish football player

Pedro Senatore Ramos, Ecuadorian football referee

Pedro da Silva (athlete), Brazilian decathlete

Pedro Roberto Silva Botelho, Brazilian footballer

Pedro Zabála, Bolivian footballer

Explorers

Pedro Álvares Cabral, Portuguese navigator and explorer

Pedro Escobar, Portuguese explorer who discovered São Tomé and Príncipe

Pedro Teixeira, Portuguese explorer

Other

Pedro Almodóvar, Spanish filmmaker

Pedro Dimas, Mexican musician

Pedro Duro, Spanish businessman

Pedro Gomez (dance instructor), Cuban Salsa dance instructor

Pedro Gomez (sports reporter), American television reporter

Pedro López, South American serial killer

Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician

Pedro Páez, Spanish Jesuit missionary in Ethiopia

Pedro Rodriguez (NASA), Puerto Rican scientist and inventor

Pedro Rodriguez (soldier), Puerto Rican Korean War hero

Fictional characters

Pedro, from ''The Power of Five'' novel series by Anthony Horowitz

Pedro, a character from the ''Excel Saga'' manga series

Don Pedro, a character from ''Much Ado About Nothing'', a comedy by William Shakespeare

Pedro the Mail Burro, mascot of the Boy Scouting magazine ''Boys' Life''

Pedro Sanchez, a main character from the film ''Napoleon Dynamite''

Pedro, another name of Panama Joe, a character from ''Montezuma's Revenge'' (video game)

Pedro, in the ''Sam & Max Season Two'' video game series

References

Category:Spanish given names Category:Portuguese given names

de:Pedro fr:Pedro ko:페드로 it:Pedro nl:Pedro ja:ペドロ pt:Pedro ru:Педро sk:Pedro sl:Pedro sv:Pedro

name	Rubén Blades
background	solo_singer
birth name	Rubén Blades Bellido de Luna
birth date	July 16, 1948
birth place	Panama City, Panama
genre	salsa, latin Jazz, Latin Pop, world music
occupation	actor, singer, songwriter
instrument	vocals, guitar
years active	1960's–present
label	Fania Records, Elektra, Sony, Columbia
associated acts	Willie Colón, Fania All Stars
website	Rubén Blades' website }}

Rubén Blades Bellido de Luna (; born July 16, 1948) is a Panamanian salsa singer, songwriter, lawyer, actor, Latin jazz musician, and politician, performing musically most often in the Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz genres. As songwriter, Blades brought the lyrical sophistication of Central American ''nueva canción'' and Cuban ''nueva trova'' as well as experimental tempos and political inspired Nuyorican salsa to his music, creating ''thinking persons' (salsa) dance music''. Blades has composed dozens of musical hits, the most famous of which is "Pedro Navaja," a song about a neighborhood thug who appears to die during a robbery (his song "Sorpresas" continues the story), inspired by "Mack the Knife." He also composed and sings what many Panamanians consider their second national anthem. The song is titled "Patria" (Fatherland).

He is an icon in Panama and is much admired throughout Latin America, and managed to attract 18% of the vote in his failed attempt to win the Panamanian presidency in 1994. In September 2004, he was appointed minister of tourism by Panamanian president Martín Torrijos for a five-year term. He holds a law degree from the University of Panama and a master's in international law from Harvard University. He is married to singer Luba Mason.

Family history and early life

Blades was born in Panama City, Panama, the son of Anoland Diaz (Diaz was his mother's artistic surname, not her real name; Her maiden name was Bellido de Luna), a Cuban pianist, singer, and actress, and Ruben Dario Blades, Sr., a gifted athlete, percussionist and later a graduate of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics in Washington, D.C. His mother's great-uncle Juan Bellido de Luna was active in the Cuban revolutionary movement against Spain and was later a writer and publisher in New York. Blades's paternal grandfather, Reuben Blades, was an English-speaking native of St. Lucia who came to Panama as an accountant. His family is not quite sure how the Blades family ended up in St. Lucia, but when his grandfather relocated to Panama, he lived in the Panamanian Bocas del Toro Province. Ruben Blades thought until recently that his grandfather had come to Panama to work on the Panama Canal, as he tells in the song "West Indian Man" on the album ''Amor y Control'' ("That's where the Blades comes from") (1992). He explains the source and the pronunciation () of his family surname in his web show ''Show De Ruben Blades'' (SDRB) episode #18 on his website close to seven minutes into the recording.

In Blades' early days, he was a vocalist in Los Salvajes del Ritmo with fellow university students including Antonio Jose Guzman, and also a songwriter and guest singer with a professional Latin music conjunto; Bush y sus Magníficos. His strongest influence of the day was the Joe Cuba sextet and Cheo Feliciano, whose singing style he copied to the point of imitating his voice tone and vocal range.

1970s - 1980s

Blades earned degrees in political science and law at the Universidad Nacional de Panama and performed legal work at the Bank of Panama as a law student. Upon his graduation in 1974, Blades moved to the United States, staying temporarily with his exiled parents in Miami, Florida before moving to New York City. Perhaps his first profesional "gig" as singer and composer was with Pete Rodriguez La Magnifica Orchestra, under the musical direction of trumpetist Tony Pabon, including song hits such as "Descarga Caliente" and "De Panama a NewYork", recorded on Alegre records label around 1970 in New York City. Blades began his formal musical career in New York writing songs while working in the mailroom at Fania Records, perceived as a talented songwriter who still had to develop a singing style of his own. The mailroom job was a good opportunity to stay close to the company until the right opportunity came along. Soon Blades was working with salseros Ray Barretto and Larry Harlow. Shortly thereafter, Blades started collaborating with trombonist and bandleader Willie Colón, and they recorded several albums together and participated in albums by plena singer Mon Rivera and the Fania All Stars.

Blades' first notable hit was a song on the 1977 album ''Metiendo Mano'' that he had composed in 1968: "Pablo Pueblo," a meditation about a working-class father who returns to his home after a long day at work. The song later became his unofficial campaign song when he ran for president of Panama. The Colón and Blades recording on the same album of Tite Curet Alonso's composition, "Plantación Adentro," which dealt with the brutal treatment of Indian natives in Latin America's colonial times, was an enormous hit in various Caribbean countries. He wrote and performed several songs with the Fania All Stars and as a guest on other artists' releases, including the hits "Paula C," written about a girlfriend at the time; "Juan Pachanga," about a party animal who buries his pain for a lost love in dance and drink; and "Sin Tu Cariño," a love song, featuring a bomba break. The latter two songs feature piano solos by Papo Lucca.

In 1978 Blades wrote the song "El Cantante"; Colón convinced him to give the song to Colón's former musical partner, Héctor Lavoe, to record, since Lavoe's nickname was already "El Cantante de los Cantantes" ("the singer of singers"). Lavoe recorded it that same year, and it became both a big hit and Lavoe's signature song; a biographical film, ''El Cantante'' from Lavoe took the same title. (The film ''El Cantante'' told a fictionalized version of this story, in which Blades tells Lavoe he wrote the song for him.)

The Colón and Blades album ''Siembra'' (1978) became the best-selling salsa record in history. It has sold over 25 million copies, and almost all of its songs were hits at one time or another in various Latin American countries.,

Blades became dissatisfied with Fania and tried to terminate his contract, but was legally obliged to record several more albums. ''Maestra Vida'' and its follow-up ''Canciones del Solar de los Aburridos'' are highlights. In 1984, Blades signed with Elektra and assembled a top-notch band (known variously as Seis Del Solar or Son Del Solar) and recorded a number of albums with them including the Grammy Award-winning albums ''Escenas'' and ''Antecedente''. Fania continued to release recordings compiled from their archives for some years afterwards.

In 1982, Blades got his first acting role in ''The Last Fight (film)'', portraying a singer-turned-boxer vying for a championship against a fighter who was played by real-life world-champion boxer Salvador Sánchez. In 1984, he released ''Buscando América'', and in 1985, Blades gained widespread recognition as co-writer and star of the independent film ''Crossover Dreams'' as a New York salsa singer willing to do anything to break into the mainstream. Blades also began his career in films scoring music for soundtracks. Also in 1985, he earned a master's degree in international law from Harvard Law School. He was also the subject of Robert Mugge's documentary ''The Return of Ruben Blades'', which debuted at that year's Denver Film Festival.

After winning his first Grammy Award for ''Escenas'' in 1986, he recorded the album ''Agua de Luna'' based on the short stories of famed writer Gabriel García Márquez in 1987. The next year he released the English-language collaboration ''Nothing But the Truth'' with rock artists Sting, Elvis Costello, and Lou Reed the same year as the more traditionally salsa ''Antecedente'', another Grammy Award winner.

The English-language album received disappointing reviews, but he answered his critics, "I do not believe in the notion that one is condemned to do something because he looks in a certain way or speaks a certain language. To me, music is a universal thing, and I have always been interested in the directions offered me by music in English, directions I could not find, concretely in terms of construction, with the Afro-Cuban rhythms I'd always worked with. I also wanted to leave testimony of the meeting of urban tropical music with rock 'n roll".

Blades had also contributed guest vocals in English to "Bitter Fruit" a song on the 1984 album ''Freedom - No Compromise'' by Little Steven.

1990s - 2000s

name	Rubén Blades
birth date	July 16, 1948
residence	Panama City
office	Minister of Tourism of Panama
term start	2004
term end	2009
spouse	Luba Mason
website	Rubén Blades' website }}

During the 1990s, he acted in films and continued to make records with Seis/Son del Solar. In 1994 he mounted his unsuccessful presidential bid, founding the party Movimiento Papa Egoró. The album that followed this experience was ''La Rosa de los Vientos'' with songs by other Panamanian songwriters, using all Panamanian musicians.

In 1996, Blades along with Son Miserables performed "No Te Miento (I Don't Lie [to you])" for the AIDS benefit album ''Silencio=Muerte: Red Hot + Latin'' produced by the Red Hot Organization.

In 1997, Blades headed the cast of singer/songwriter Paul Simon's first Broadway musical, ''The Capeman'', based on a true story about a violent youth who becomes a poet in prison, which also starred Marc Anthony and Ednita Nazario.

His many film appearances include ''The Milagro Beanfield War'' (1988), ''The Two Jakes'' (1990), ''Predator 2'' (1990), ''Mo' Better Blues'' (1990), ''Color of Night'' (1994), and ''Devil's Own'' (1997). In 1999, he played Mexican artist Diego Rivera in Tim Robbins' ''Cradle Will Rock''. In the 2003 film ''Once Upon a Time in Mexico'', starring Johnny Depp, Antonio Banderas, and Willem Dafoe, he played the role of a retired FBI agent.

Blades' 1999 album ''Tiempos'', which he recorded with musicians from the Costa Rican groups Editus and Sexteto de Jazz Latino, represented a break from his salsa past and a further rejection of commercial trends in Latin music. Ironically, the album won a Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album. Even more eclectic was the 2002 album ''Mundo'' with the 11-member Editus Ensemble and bagpiper Eric Rigler, which incorporated instruments from around the world. The same year, he guested on world music artist Derek Trucks' album, ''Joyful Noise''.

In 2003 he followed the World Music Grammy and Latin Grammy winner ''Mundo'' with a web site free-download project. As he said in 2005 when receiving the ASCAP Founders Award about his non-commercial choices, "That's the way I think."

In 2004, he put his artistic careers on hold when he began serving a five-year appointment as Panama's minister of tourism. Beginning in June 2007, however, Blades turned some of his attention back to his artistic career, presenting an "online tv show" titled ''Show de Ruben Blades (SDRB)'' on his website.

During the summer of 2008 he took a leave of absence for a mini-tour in Europe, backed by the Costa Rican band Son de Tikizia. When his government service was completed in June 2009, he reunited the members of Seis del Solar for the 25th anniversary of ''Buscando America'' in an ambitious tour of the Americas.

Discography

''A Las Seis - con Los Salvajes Del Ritmo - Panamanian conjunto banda

''From Panama to New York (1970) - Rubén Blades & la Orquesta de Pete Rodriguez

'' Barretto - with Ray Barretto orchestra (1975)

'' La Raza Latina - Salsa Suite with Larry Harlow and his orchestra Harlow (1977)

''Fania All Stars Tribute To Tito Rodríguez (1976)

Jorge Dalto - ''Chevere'' (1976)

''Metiendo Mano (1977) - Rubén Blades & Willie Colón

''Fania All Stars Spanish Fever (1978)

''Siembra (1978) - Rubén Blades & Willie Colón

''Fania All Stars Crossover (1979)

''Bohemio y Poeta (1979) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Maestra Vida: Primera Parte (1980) - Rubén Blades (produced by Willie Colón)

''Maestra Vida: Segunda Parte (1980) - Rubén Blades (produced by Willie Colón)

''Fania All Stars Commitment (1980)

''Canciones Del Solar De Los Aburridos (1981) - Rubén Blades & Willie Colón

''The Last Fight (Album) (1982) - Rubén Blades & Willie Colón

''El Que La Hace La Paga (1983) - Rubén Blades

''Buscando América (1984) - Rubén Blades & Seis del Solar

''Mucho Mejor (1984) - Rubén Blades

''Crossover Dreams (1985) soundtrack

''Escenas (1985) - Rubén Blades y Seis de Solar

''Doble Filo (1986) - Rubén Blades

''Agua de Luna (1987) - Rubén Blades y Seis del Solar

''Antecedente (1988) - Rubén Blades

''Nothing But the Truth (1988) - Rubén Blades

''Oliver and Company (soundtrack) (1988) - Buscando Guayaba

''With Strings (1988) Rubén Blades

''Live! (1990) Rubén Blades y Son del Solar

''Caminando (1991) - Rubén Blades y Son del Solar

''Best of Ruben Blades (1992) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Amor Y Control (1992) - Rubén Blades y Son Del Solar

''Poetry: The Greatest Hits (1993) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Poeta Latina (1993) - Rubén Blades (UK Fania compilation)

''Mucho Mejor [Westwind] (1995) - Rubén Blades

''Tras La Tormenta (1995) Rubén Blades & Willie Colón

''La Rosa de Los Vientos (1996) - Rubén Blades

''Greatest Hits (Rubén Blades album) (1996) - Rubén Blades y Seis del Solar (Elektra compilation)

''Sus Más Grandes Exitos (1998) - Rubén Blades ( Fania compilation)

''Tiempos (1999) - Rubén Blades y Editus

''Sembra Y Otros Favoritos Salsa Para Siempre (2001) - Rubén Blades & Willie Colón (Fania compilation)

''Best (2001) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Salsa Caliente De Nu York (2002) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Mundo (2002) - Rubén Blades y Editus Ensemble

''Joyful Noise (2002) - The Derek Trucks Band (Ka-Ma-Lay)

''rubenblades.com/cd (2003) Rubén Blades etc. (download project)

''Una Decada (2003) - Rubén Blades (Sony compilation)

''Experencia Ruben Blades (2004) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Lo Mejor, Vol. 1 (2004) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation, import as O Melhor Vol. 1)

''Lo Mejor, Vol. 2 (2004) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation, import as O Melhor Vol. 2)

''Across 110th St. (2004) - Spanish Harlem Orchestra featuring Rubén Blades

''Ganas (2005)

''Maestro de la Fania (2005) - Rubén Blades (Fania compilation)

''Cantares del Subdesarrollo (2009) - Rubén Blades

''Todos Vuelven Live, Volume I & II (2010) - Rubén Blades & Seis del Solar

Filmography

''The Last Fight (1983) - Andy 'Kid Clave'

''The Return of Ruben Blades (1985) - himself

''Crossover Dreams (1985) - Rudy Veloz

''Critical Condition (1987) - Louis

''Fatal Beauty (1987) - Carl Jimenez

''The Milagro Beanfield War (1988) - Sheriff Bernabe Montoya

''Homeboy (1988) - Doctor

''Dead Man Out (1989) (TV) - Ben

''Disorganized Crime (1989) - Carlos Barrios

''Heart of the Deal (1990)

''Mo' Better Blues (1990) - Petey

''The Two Jakes (1990) - Mickey Nice aka Michael Weisskopf

''The Lemon Sisters (1990) - C.W

''Predator 2 (1990) (as Ruben Blades) - Danny "Danny Boy" Archuleta

''The Josephine Baker Story (1991) (TV) - Count Giuseppe Pepito Abatino

''One Man's War (1991) (TV) - Perrone

''Crazy from the Heart (1991) (TV) - Ernesto Ontiveros

''The Super (1991) - Marlon

''Miracle on Interstate 880 (1993) (TV) - Pastor Beruman

''Life with Mikey (1993) (uncredited) - Angie's Dad

''A Million to Juan (1994) - Bartender

''Color of Night (1994) - Lt. Hector Martinez

''Joseph & His Brothers (1993) - Rubén Blades & Strunz & Farah (narrator of animation video)

''Scorpion Spring (1996) - Border Patrolman Sam Zaragosa

''The Devil's Own (1997) - Edwin Diaz

''Chinese Box (1997) - Jim

''Cradle Will Rock (1999) - Diego Rivera

''Gideon's Crossing (2000) TV Series - Dr. Max Cabranes

''All the Pretty Horses (2000) - Hector de la Rocha

''Assassination Tango (2002) - Miguel

''The Maldonado Miracle (2003) (TV) - Cruz

''Once Upon a Time in Mexico (2003) - Jorge FBI

''Imagining Argentina (2003) - Silvio Ayala

''Spin (2003) - Ernesto Bejarano

''Secuestro express (2004) - Carla's Father

Spoken Word (2009)

''Cristiada (2011) - President Plutarco Calles

References

External links

Rubén Blades' website (in Spanish)

Blades/Colón discography and reviews

Rubén Blades Discography & Song Reference

Interview with Paula C in English & Spanish

Library of over 170 Interviews & Articles in English & Spanish 1978-present

Category:1948 births Category:Cuban jazz (genre) bandleaders Category:Cuban jazz (genre) singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Latin Grammy Award winners Category:Harvard Law School alumni Category:Latin jazz musicians Category:Living people Category:American people of Panamanian descent Category:Salsa musicians Category:Maracas players Category:Fania Records artists Category:Elektra Records artists Category:Panamanian songwriters Category:Panamanian male singers Category:Panamanian lawyers

ca:Rubén Blades de:Rubén Blades es:Rubén Blades fr:Rubén Blades gl:Rubén Blades it:Rubén Blades ja:ルーベン・ブラデス ru:Блейдс, Рубен fi:Rubén Blades sv:Rubén Blades

name	Chico Buarque
background	solo_singer
birth name	Francisco Buarque de Hollanda
alias	Chico Buarque
birth date	June 19, 1944
origin	Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
instrument	Voice, guitar
occupation	Singer, songwriter, writer, Poet, playwright
years active	1962–present
website	http://www.chicobuarque.com.br }}

Francisco Buarque de Hollanda (born June 19, 1944 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), popularly known as Chico Buarque (), is a singer, guitarist, composer, dramatist, writer and poet. He is best known for his music, which often includes social, economic and cultural commentary on Brazil and Rio de Janeiro in particular.

Son of the academic Sérgio Buarque de Hollanda, Buarque lived in several locations throughout his childhood, though mostly in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Italy. He wrote and studied literature as a child and came to music through the bossa nova compositions of João Gilberto. He performed music throughout the 1960s as well as writing a play that was deemed dangerous by the Brazilian military dictatorship of the time. Buarque, along with several of his fellow musicians, were threatened by the government and eventually left Brazil in 1970. He moved to Italy again. However, he came back to Brazil in 1971, one year before the others, and continued to record albums, perform, and write, though much of his material was not allowed by government censors. He released several more albums in the 1980s and published three novels in the 1990s and 2000s, all of which were acclaimed critically.

Biography

Buarque came from a privileged intellectual family background—his father Sérgio Buarque de Holanda was a well-known historian, sociologist and journalist and his mother Maria Amélia Cesário Alvim was a painter and pianist. He is also brother of the singer Miúcha. As a child, he was impressed by the musical style of bossa nova, specifically the work of Tom Jobim and João Gilberto. He was also interested in writing, composing his first short story at 18 years old and studying European literature, also at a young age. One of his most consuming interests, however, was playing soccer, beginning at age four, which he still does today. Though he was born in Rio de Janeiro, Buarque spent much of his childhood in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Italy.

Before becoming a musician, Buarque decided at one point to study architecture at the University of São Paulo, but this choice did not lead to a career in that field; for Buarque often skipped classes.

He made his public debut as musician and composer in 1964, rapidly building his reputation at music festivals and television variety shows when bossa nova rhythm came to light and Nara Leão recorded three of his songs. His eponymous debut album exemplified his future work, with catchy sambas characterized by inventive wordplay and an undercurrent of nostalgic tragedy. Buarque had his first hit with "A Banda" in 1966, written about a marching band, and soon released several more singles. Although playing bossa nova, during his career, samba and Música Popular Brasileira would also be widely explored. Despite that, Buarque was criticized by two of the leading musicians at the time, Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil as they believed his musical style was overly conservative. However, an existentially themed play that Buarque wrote and composed in 1968, ''Roda Viva'' ("Live Cycle"), was frowned upon by the military government and Buarque served a short prison sentence because of it. He left Brazil for Italy for 18 months in 1970, returning to write his first novel in 1972, which was not targeted by censors. At this time his thinly-veiled protest single "Apesar de Você" ("In spite of You" - in reference to the military dictatorship) was also produced. ("In spite of you") was overlooked by the military censors, becoming an important anthem in the democratic movement. After selling over 100,000 copies, the single was eventually censored and removed from the market. At one point in 1974, the censors banned any song authored by Chico Buarque. Then, he created a pseudonym, naming himself "Julinho da Adelaide", complete with life history and interviews to newspapers. "Julinho da Adelaide" authored songs such as "Jorge Maravilha" and "Acorda amor" before he was outed in ''Jornal do Brasil'' news story. Buarque also wrote a play named ''Calabar'', about the Dutch invasion of Brazil in the seventeenth century, drawing parallels with the military regime. Despite the censorship, songs such as "Samba de Orly" (1970), "Acorda amor" (1974, as "Julinho da Adelaide") manifested Buarque's continuing opposition to the military regime.

During the 1970s and 1980s, he collaborated with filmmakers, playwrights, and musicians in further protest works against the dictatorship. Buarque approached the 1983 Concert for Peace in Nicaragua as a valid forum to vocalize his strong political views. Throughout the decade, he crafted many of his songs as vehicles to describe the re-democratization of Brazil. The Concert for Peace in Nicaragua was one in a concert series known as the "Central American Peace Concerts." These concerts featured various Latin American artists. The political turmoil that plagued this era were expressed in many of Buarque's songs. He later wrote ''Budapeste'', a novel that achieved critical national acclaim and won the Prêmio Jabuti, a Brazilian literary award comparable to the Man Booker Prize.

"Cálice"

During the Brazilian military coup of 1964, Buarque wrote about the events which transpired and avoided censorship by using cryptic analogies and wordplay. For example, in the song "Cálice" ("Chalice", or Jesus' Last Supper "Cup"), a duet written and performed with Milton Nascimento, he takes advantage of the homophony between the Portuguese imperative "shut your mouth" --''cale-se''-- and "chalice" --''cálice''-- to protest censorship against freedom of speech by the dictatorship, disguised as the Gospel narrative of Jesus' Gethsemani prayer to the Father to pass from Him the chalice of bloody death probation. The line ''"I wanna sniff diesel fume"'' is a reference to the death of political prisoner Stuart Angel, who had his mouth glued to a jeep's exhaust pipe during a torture session. Buarque was a friend of his mother Zuzu.

Discography

1966: ''Chico Buarque de Hollanda'' (Vol. 1)

1966: ''Morte e Vida Severina''

1967: ''Chico Buarque de Hollanda'' (Vol. 2)

1968: ''Chico Buarque de Hollanda'' (Vol. 3)

1969: ''Umas e outras - compacto''

1969: ''Chico Buarque na Itália''

1970: ''Apesar de você''

1970: ''Per un pugno di samba''

1970: ''Chico Buarque de Hollanda'' (Vol. 4)

1971: ''Construção''

1972: ''Quando o carnaval chegar''

1972: ''Caetano e Chico juntos e ao vivo''

1973: ''Chico canta''

1974: ''Sinal fechado''

1975: ''Chico Buarque & Maria Bethânia ao vivo''

1976: ''Meus caros amigos''

1977: ''Cio da Terra compacto''

1977: ''Os saltimbancos''

1977: ''Gota d'água''

1978: ''Chico Buarque''

1979: ''Ópera do Malandro''

1980: ''Vida''

1980: ''Show 1º de Maio compacto''

1981: ''Almanaque''

1981: ''Saltimbancos trapalhões''

1982: ''Chico Buarque en espanhol''

1983: ''Para viver um grande amor''

1983: ''O grande circo místico''

1984: ''Chico Buarque (Vermelho)''

1985: ''O Corsário do rei''

1985: ''Ópera do malandro''

1985: ''Malandro''

1986: ''Melhores momentos de Chico & Caetano''

1987: ''Francisco''

1988: ''Dança da meia-lua''

1989: ''Chico Buarque''

1990: ''Chico Buarque ao vivo Paris le Zenith''

1993: ''Para Todos''

1995: ''Uma palavra''

1997: ''Terra''

1998: ''As cidades''

1998: ''Chico Buarque da Mangueira''

1999: ''Chico ao vivo''

2001: ''Chico e as cidades'' (DVD)

2001: ''Cambaio''

2002: ''Chico Buarque – Duetos''

2003: ''Chico ou o país da delicadeza perdida'' (DVD)

2005: ''Meu Caro Amigo'' (DVD)

2005: ''A Flor da Pele'' (DVD)

2005: ''Vai passar'' (DVD)

2005: ''Anos Dourados'' (DVD)

2005: ''Estação Derradeira'' (DVD)

2005: ''Bastidores'' (DVD)

2006: ''O Futebol'' (DVD)

2006: ''Romance'' (DVD)

2006: ''Uma Palavra'' (DVD)

2006: ''Carioca'' (CD + DVD with the documentary ''Desconstrução'')

2007: ''Carioca Ao Vivo''

2011: ''Chico''

Other works

Books

Plays

Film

References

External links

Vai passar

O que será

Official site

annotated Chico Buarque discography on Slipcue.com

Category:1944 births Category:Living people Category:Latin Grammy Award winners Category:Bossa nova singers Category:Bossa nova guitarists Category:Samba musicians Category:Brazilian guitarists Category:Brazilian male singers Category:Brazilian poets Category:Brazilian socialists Category:Brazilian writers Category:Brazilian people of Portuguese descent Category:Brazilian people of Dutch descent Category:People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Category:Portuguese-language singers Category:Wrasse Records artists Category:Brazilian novelists

ast:Chico Buarque br:Chico Buarque de Holanda cs:Chico Buarque da:Chico Buarque de:Chico Buarque es:Chico Buarque eo:Chico Buarque fr:Chico Buarque io:Chico Buarque it:Chico Buarque he:שיקו בוארקי nl:Chico Buarque ja:シコ・ブアルキ pl:Chico Buarque pt:Chico Buarque ru:Буарке, Шико sc:Chico Buarque sv:Chico Buarque

Name	Pedro Fernández
Background	solo_singer
Real name	José Martín Cuevas Cobos
Born	September 28, 1969Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Instrument	Vocals
Genre	Latin pop, folk, mariachi, banda, ranchera
Occupation	Singer, actor
Years active	1979–present
Website	pedritofernandez.com }}

José Martín Cuevas Cobos (born September 28, 1969), known professionally as Pedro Fernández, is a Mexican recording artist and actor.

Discography

1979: ''La De La Mochila Azul''

1989: ''Vicio''

1990: ''Por Un Amigo Más''

1991: ''Muñecos De Papel''

1993: ''Lo Mucho Que Te Quiero''

1994: ''Mi Forma De Sentir''

1995: ''Pedro Fernández''

1996: ''Deseos y Delirios''

1997: ''Un Mundo Raro''

1997: ''Tributo a Jose Alfredo Jimenez''

1998: ''Aventurero''

2000: ''Yo No Fuí''

2001: ''Mi Cariño''

2002: ''De Corazón''

2006: ''Escúchame''

2008: ''Dime Mi Amor''

2009: ''Amarte a la Antigua''

2010: ''Hasta Que el Dinero Nos Separe''

Filmography

Television

2009: Hasta Que El Dinero Nos Separe .... Rafael Medina Núñez

1994: Buscando el Paraíso .... Julio

1991: Alcanzar una Estrella II .... Jorge

1990: Alcanzar una Estrella .... Jorge

1987: Tal Como Somos

1985: Juana Iris

Films

1993: Derecho de Asilo

1993: Las Mil y Una Aventuras del Metro

1992: El Ganador .... Bruno

1992: Comando de federales II .... Puma

1992: Crónica de un Crimen

1991: Vacaciones de Terror 2 .... Julio

1990: Trampa Infernal .... Nacho

1990: Un Corazón Para Dos

1989: Pánico en la Montaña

1989: Vacaciones de Terror .... Julio

1989: Había una vez una estrella .... Rodrigo

1988: Un Sabado Mas (credited as Pedrito Fernández) .... Martin

1984: La Niña de los Hoyitos .... Ferco

1984: Delincuente (credited as Pedrito Fernández) .... Alejandro

1983: Los Dos Carnales .... Pablo

1983: Niño Pobre, Niño Rico .... Mario

1983: Coqueta (credited as Pedrito Fernández) .... Pablo

1982: Como Si Fueramos Novios ... Andres

1982: La Mugrosita .... Andres

1981: La Niña de la Mochila Azul 2 .... Raul

1981: Alla en la Plaza Garibaldi (credited as Pedrito Fernández) .... Julio

1980: Mamá Solita (credited as Pedrito Fernández)

1980: El oreja rajada (credited as Pedrito Fernandez) .... Julian

1980: Amigo ... Poncho

1979: La Niña de la Mochila Azul (credited as Pedrito Fernandez) .... Raul

References

External links

Pedro Fernandez – Official Website

Pedro Fernández at Yahoo Music

Category:1969 births Category:Mexican film actors Category:Mexican male singers Category:Mexican pop singers Category:Latin Grammy Award winners Category:Mexican telenovela actors Category:Living people Category:People from Guadalajara

es:Pedro Fernández (cantante) tl:Pedro Fernández

name	Raffaella Carrà
birth name	Raffaella Roberta Pelloni
birth date	June 18, 1943
birth place	Bologna, Italy
othername	Raffaella Carrà
occupation	Actress, singer
yearsactive	1952–present
domesticpartner	Sergio Japino
website	}}

Raffaella Carrà (born 18 June 1943, Bologna, Italy), in Italy often simply known as ''la Carrà'' and in some Latin American countries sometimes simply as ''Raffaella'', is an Italian singer, dancer, television presenter, and actress. She is a popular figure in Italy, Spain, Malta, Greece and Latin America and Russia, both as a result of her many well known taped presentations and records, and because of her many popular TV shows.

Early life

She was born Raffaella Roberta Pelloni, in Bologna. In her native town she had dance lessons.

Career

Singing and dancing

Since 1961, Carrà has sung and danced on the variety shows of Italian television. In particular, since the early 1970s, they have featured elaborate choreography, mesmerizing elaborate themes, and her uninhibited style. She was the first television figure to show her belly button on camera. This was met with heavy criticism from the Vatican.

Carrà had a hit song with the sensual "Tuca Tuca" (1970), written for her singing and dancing television presentations by her long-time collaborator and former boyfriend, Gianni Boncompagni. Similarly, in 1971 Carrà achieved another hit with "Chissà se Va".

Her greatest international hit single was "Tanti Auguri" ("Best Wishes"), which has become a popular song amongst the gay community. The song is also known under its Spanish title "Para hacer bien el amor hay que venir al sur" (which refers to Southern Europe, since the hit was recorded and taped in Spain). The Estonian version of the song "Jätke võtmed väljapoole" was performed by Anne Veski. "A far l'amore comincia tu" ("To make love, your move first") was another success for her internationally, known in Spanish as "En el amor todo es empezar", in German as "Liebelei", in French as "Puisque tu l'aimes dis le lui", and in English as "Do It, Do It Again". It was her only entry to the UK Singles Chart, where she remains a one-hit wonder. In 1977, she recorded another hit single, "Fiesta" ('The Party' in English) originally in Spanish, but then recorded it in French and Italian after the song hit the charts.

In 1985, Carra's ''Starlight Express'' video was released featuring characters, costumes and sets from the show. In 2008, "Do It, Do It Again" was featured briefly in the ''Midnight'' episode of the fourth series of ''Doctor Who''. "A far l'amore comincia tu" has also been covered in Turkish by a Turkish popstar called Ajda Pekkan as "Sakın Ha" in 1977.

Most recently, Carrà has gained new attention for her appearance as the female vocal soloist in the proto hip-hop gibberish song Prisencolinensinainciusol (1973) by Adriano Celentano. A remixed video of her dancing and singing in the song went viral on the internet in 2008.

Recently Rafalle Carrà worked with Bob Sinclar with the new single Far l'Amore which was released on youtube 17th march 2011.

Television hostess

As a television hostess, Carrà has done significant work since the late 1970s, mainly in the Italian (RAI) and Spanish (TVE) national TV networks. One of her most celebrated series has been the ''Pronto Raffaella?'' gameshow (Italy, 1983–1985), in which she answered the phone calls of her contestants. The show's format was copied in many Latin-American Countries and Spain,in South America (in Argentina by Susana Giménez, in Peru by Gisela Valcárcel and in Brazil by Christina Rocha), with great success. Carrà hosted one such adaptation, ''¡Hola Raffaella!'' (1992–1994) for Spanish television.

From 2008, returning by popular demand, Carrà hosts a variety show on Italy's National and International RAI network, "Carramba Che Fortuna". With the show's unique formula, families all over the world are reunited on live television. Carrà creates magic by surprising unsuspecting guests, detailing their life history with such intensity and emotion which climaxes in a once in a lifetime reunion with the overseas visitor.

Actress

Carrà debuted in cinema at age nine, in ''Tormento del passato'' (1952). She did five other movies until 1960 when she graduated from the national film school of Italy. Also in that year, she appeared in ''Long Night in 1943'' (1960). In 1965, she moved to the United States signing with 20th Century Fox. As Carrà, she starred in the motion picture ''Von Ryan's Express'' (1965) with Frank Sinatra, Edward Mulhare, and Trevor Howard. In 1966, she guest starred in an episode of the American television series ''I Spy'' (''Sophia'', as the title character). Feeling homesick, she decided to return to Italy. ''Le Saint prend l'affût'' (1966).

During the 1960s, Carrà starred in about twenty Italian films and a few television shows. However, subsequently her actress career has been scarce with no more than five works mainly for television.

Spanish-language market

After her boom in the Italian market of the early 1970s, Carrà moved to Spain, doing television and releasing records in the Spanish language. This led her to move to South America, where her records had been heard for some years. In 1979 she established her headquarters in Buenos Aires, which was under a military regime. Carrà was one of the figures of the ATC, the official television network of Argentina. She was very well-received throughout Latin America, and filled the stadiums and theaters wherever she performed. In 1980 she filmed the ''Barbara'' musical romantic comedy, also in Buenos Aires, with the most important stars of the region. In that same year, five capitals of the world (Buenos Aires, Mexico DF, Rome, Moscow, and London) joined up to celebrate her in a television special. After appearing in the Festival de Vina del Mar (1982) she returned permanently to Italy. She visited the city of Salto, Uruguay and performed a show in the Parque Harriague.

Owing to this stint, Carrà has generated much social controversy along the years, allegedly as a "puppet" of the Argentinian National Reorganization Process.

Personal life

Carrà has had a twenty year relationship with the choreographer Sergio Japino.

References

External links

Raffaella Carrà at the Internet Movie Database

Raffaella Carrà at the MSN

Russian fan site

Category:1943 births Category:Italian actors Category:Italian female singers Category:Italian-language singers Category:Italian television personalities Category:Italian television presenters Category:Living people Category:People from Bologna Category:Spanish-language singers

ca:Raffaella Carrà de:Raffaella Carrà el:Ραφαέλα Καρά es:Raffaella Carrà fr:Raffaella Carrà gl:Raffaella Carrà it:Raffaella Carrà la:Raphaela Carra hu:Raffaella Carrà nl:Raffaella Carrà pt:Raffaela Carrà ru:Карра, Раффаэлла sk:Raffaella Carrà tr:Raffaella Carrà