- go to the top
- About WN
- Contact
- Feedback
- Privacy Policy
- © 2012 World News Inc., all Rights Reserved
1922
Loading suggestions ...
-
Aage Bohr
Aage Niels Bohr (; 19 June 1922 – 8 September 2009) was a Danish nuclear physicist and Nobel laureate, and the son of the famous physicist and Nobel laureate Niels Bohr.
http://wn.com/Aage_Bohr -
Abdul Mejid II
http://wn.com/Abdul_Mejid_II -
Agostinho Neto
António Agostinho Neto (September 17, 1922 – September 10, 1979) served as the first President of Angola (1975–1979), leading the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in the war for independence and the civil war. His birthday is celebrated as National Heroes Day, a public holiday in Angola.
http://wn.com/Agostinho_Neto -
Ahmed Sékou Touré
Ahmed Sékou Touré (var. Ahmen Seku Ture) (January 9, 1922 – March 26, 1984) was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984. Touré was one of the primary Guinean nationalists involved in the liberation of the country from France.
http://wn.com/Ahmed_Sékou_Touré -
Alan Voorhees
Alan Manners Voorhees (December 17, 1922 – December 18, 2005) was an transportation engineer and urban planner who designed many large public works in the United States. Voorhees was born in Highland Park, New Jersey.
http://wn.com/Alan_Voorhees -
Albert Lamorisse
Albert Lamorisse (13 January 1922 – 2 June 1970) was a French filmmaker, film producer, and writer, who is best known for his award winning short films which he began making in the late 1940s, and also for inventing the famous strategic board game Risk in 1957. He was born in Paris, France.
http://wn.com/Albert_Lamorisse -
Alberto Granado
Alberto Granado (born on August 8, 1922 in Hernando, Córdoba, Argentina) is an Argentine-Cuban doctor, writer, and scientist. He was the travelling companion of Che Guevara during their trip around Latin America, and founder of the Santiago School of Medicine in Cuba. He has written at least one book, Travelling with Che Guevara: The Making of a Revolutionary. The book also served as reference for the 2004 film, The Motorcycle Diaries, in which he was played by Rodrigo de la Serna, while Che Guevara was played by Gael García Bernal. An elderly Alberto Granado makes a short appearance at the end of the film.
http://wn.com/Alberto_Granado -
Alistair MacLean
Alistair Stuart MacLean (21 April 1922 - 2 February 1987; ) was a Scottish novelist who wrote successful thrillers or adventure stories, the best known of which are perhaps The Guns of Navarone and Where Eagles Dare, both having been made into successful films. He also wrote two novels under the pseudonym Ian Stuart.
http://wn.com/Alistair_MacLean -
Andrey Markov
Andrey (Andrei) Andreyevich Markov () (June 14, 1856 N.S. – July 20, 1922) was a Russian mathematician. He is best known for his work on theory of stochastic processes. His research later became known as Markov chains.
http://wn.com/Andrey_Markov -
Anker Jørgensen
Anker Jørgensen (born July 13, 1922) is a former Danish Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. He led or represented the Social Democratic Party for well over 30 years.
http://wn.com/Anker_Jørgensen -
Arthur Batanides
Arthur Batanides (April 9, 1922 – January 10, 2000) was an American film and television actor, originally from Tacoma, Washington.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Batanides -
Arthur Griffith
Arthur Griffith (; 31 March 1872 – 12 August 1922) was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Griffith -
Arthur Nikisch
Arthur Nikisch ; 12 October 1855 –23 January 1922) was a Hungarian conductor who performed mainly in Germany. He was considered an outstanding interpreter of the music of Bruckner, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven and Liszt.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Nikisch -
Ava Gardner
actor
http://wn.com/Ava_Gardner -
Barbara Bel Geddes
Barbara Bel Geddes (October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an American actress, artist and children's author. She is best known for her role in the television drama series Dallas as matriarch Eleanor "Miss Ellie" Ewing. Bel Geddes also starred in the original Broadway production of Cat On A Hot Tin Roof in the role of Maggie, and also appeared in Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo (1958). She was the recipient of several awards and award nominations for her thespian performances.
http://wn.com/Barbara_Bel_Geddes -
Beatrice Arthur
Beatrice "Bea" Arthur (May 13, 1922 – April 25, 2009) was an American actress, comedienne and singer whose career spanned seven decades. Arthur achieved fame as the character Maude Findlay on the 1970s sitcoms All in the Family and Maude, and as Dorothy Zbornak on the 1980s sitcom The Golden Girls, winning Emmy Awards for both roles. A stage actress both before and after her television success, she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance as Vera Charles in the original cast of Mame (1966).
http://wn.com/Beatrice_Arthur -
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini KSMOM GCTE (29 July 1883, Predappio, Province of Forlì-Cesena - 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism.
http://wn.com/Benito_Mussolini -
Bert Williams
:This is about the Broadway performer Bert Williams. For the English footballer, see Bert Williams (footballer)
http://wn.com/Bert_Williams -
Bertolt Brecht
Bertolt Brecht (; born ; 10 February 1898–14 August 1956) was a German poet, playwright, and theatre director. An influential theatre practitioner of the 20th century, Brecht made equally significant contributions to dramaturgy and theatrical production, the latter particularly through the seismic impact of the tours undertaken by the Berliner Ensemble—the post-war theatre company operated by Brecht and his wife and long-time collaborator, the actress Helene Weigel—with its internationally acclaimed productions.
http://wn.com/Bertolt_Brecht -
Betty White
Betty Marion White (born January 17, 1922) is an American actress, comedienne, author, and former game-show host. She is known for her television roles as Sue Ann Nivens on The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Rose Nylund on The Golden Girls. , she starred as Elka Ostrovsky in the TV Land sitcom Hot in Cleveland. She has also released several books over the span of her career. In August 2010, she entered a deal with G.P. Putnam Sons to produce two more books, the first of which is scheduled for release in 2011.
http://wn.com/Betty_White -
Bill Kaysing
William Charles Kaysing (July 31, 1922 – April 21, 2005) was a writer best known for claiming that the six Apollo moon landings between July 1969 and December 1972 were hoaxes. He is regarded as the initiator of the moon hoax movement.
http://wn.com/Bill_Kaysing -
Bronisław Malinowski
Bronisław Kasper Malinowski (; 7 April 1884 – 16 May 1942) was a Polish anthropologist, widely considered one of the most important 20th-century anthropologists, and also influential in structural functionalist sociology. His pioneering ethnographic fieldwork made a major contribution to the study of Melanesia and of phenomena relating to reciprocity.
http://wn.com/Bronisław_Malinowski -
Carl Reiner
Carl Reiner (born March 20, 1922) is an American actor, film director, producer, writer and comedian. He has won nine Emmy Awards and one Grammy Award during this career. He has the distinction of being the only person to appear on all five incarnations of The Tonight Show. He is well known for his work in the remake of ''Ocean's Eleven, and its two sequels, Ocean's Twelve and Ocean's Thirteen''.
http://wn.com/Carl_Reiner -
Charita Bauer
Charita Bauer (December 20, 1922 – February 28, 1985) was an American soap opera radio and television actress.
http://wn.com/Charita_Bauer -
Charles Mingus
Charles Mingus Jr. (April 22, 1922 – January 5, 1979) was an American jazz musician, composer, bandleader, and civil rights activist.
http://wn.com/Charles_Mingus -
Charles Schulz
http://wn.com/Charles_Schulz -
Charles Socarides
Charles W. Socarides (January 24, 1922 - December 25, 2005), was an American psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, physician, educator, and author. Socarides was born in Brockton, Massachusetts. Socarides focused much of his career on the study of homosexuality, which he believed can be altered. He helped found the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH) in 1992 and worked extensively with the organization until his death. He did not consider the underlying desires of homosexuality immoral, stating that "Once my patients have achieved an insight into these dynamics - and realized there is no moral fault involved in their longtime and mysterious need - they have moved rather quickly on the road to recovery" [http://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/24/us/an-analyst-a-father-battles-homosexuality.html?scp=7&sq;=charles%20socarides&st;=cse]
http://wn.com/Charles_Socarides -
Charlie Sifford
Charles Sifford (born June 2, 1922) was an African American professional golfer who helped to desegregate the PGA of America.
http://wn.com/Charlie_Sifford -
Chen Ning Yang
Chen-Ning Franklin Yang () (born October 1, 1922) is a Chinese-American physicist who worked on statistical mechanics and particle physics. He, together with Tsung-dao Lee, received the 1957 Nobel prize in physics for their work on parity nonconservation of weak interaction. Yang naturalized as a United States citizen in 1964.
http://wn.com/Chen_Ning_Yang -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Christiaan Barnard
Christiaan Neethling Barnard (November 8, 1922 – September 2, 2001) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first successful human-to-human heart transplant.
http://wn.com/Christiaan_Barnard -
Christian Dotremont
Christian Dotremont, (12 December 1922 - 20 August 1979), was a Belgian painter and poet who was born in Tervuren, Belgium. He was a founding member of the group Cobra, and later became well known for his painted poems, which he called logograms.
http://wn.com/Christian_Dotremont -
Claire Schillace
Claire Joan Schillace (March 29, 1922 - January 17, 1999) was a female center fielder who played from through in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 5' 3", 128 lb., she batted right-handed and threw left-handed.
http://wn.com/Claire_Schillace -
Cyd Charisse
Cyd Charisse (March 8, 1922 – June 17, 2008) was an American actress and dancer.
http://wn.com/Cyd_Charisse -
Darren McGavin
Darren McGavin (May 7, 1922 – February 25, 2006) was an American actor best known for playing the title role in the television horror series and his portrayal in the film A Christmas Story of the grumpy father given to bursts of profanity that he never realizes his son overhears. He appeared as the tough-talking, funny detective in the 1950s television series ''Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer. From 1959-1961, McGavin starred in the NBC western series Riverboat'', first with Burt Reynolds and then with Noah Beery, Jr.
http://wn.com/Darren_McGavin -
Denis Norden
Denis Mostyn Norden CBE (born 6 February 1922) is a former English comedy writer and television presenter. After an early career working in cinemas, he began scriptwriting during World War II. From 1948 to 1959, he co-wrote the successful BBC Radio comedy programme Take It From Here with Frank Muir. Muir and Norden remained associated for more than 50 years: after they stopped collaborating on scripts, they appeared regularly together on radio panel programmes My Word! and My Music.
http://wn.com/Denis_Norden -
DeWitt Wallace
DeWitt Wallace (November 12, 1889 – March 30, 1981), also known as William Roy (full name: William Roy DeWitt Wallace) was a United States magazine publisher. He co-founded ''Reader's Digest'' with his wife Lila Wallace and published the first issue in 1922.
http://wn.com/DeWitt_Wallace -
Dilip Kumar
Yusuf Khan () (born 11 December 1922), popularly known as Dilip Kumar () is an Indian actor and a former Member of Parliament. He lives in Pali Hill in the Mumbai suburb of Bandra.
http://wn.com/Dilip_Kumar -
Dina Pathak
Dina Pathak or Deena Pathak née Gandhi (4 March 1922 - 11 October 2002) was a veteran actor and director of Gujarati theatre and also a film actor. She was also a woman activist and remained the President of the 'National Federation of Indian Women' (NIFW). A doyen of Hindi and Gujarati films as well as theatre, Dina Pathak acted in over 120 films in a career spanning over six decades; her production Mena Gurjari in Bhavai folk theatre style, ran successfully for many years, and is now an part of its repertoire.
http://wn.com/Dina_Pathak -
Don Tennant
Donald G. Tennant (November 23, 1922 - December 8, 2001) was an American advertising agency executive.
http://wn.com/Don_Tennant -
Dorothy Dandridge
Dorothy Jean Dandridge (November 9, 1922 – September 8, 1965) was an American actress and popular singer, and was the first African American to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress.
http://wn.com/Dorothy_Dandridge -
Earl W. Bascom
Earl W. Bascom (June 19, 1906 – August 28, 1995) was an American painter, printmaker and sculptor, raised in Canada, who portrayed his own experiences cowboying and rodeoing across the American and Canadian West.
http://wn.com/Earl_W_Bascom -
Eduard Seler
|
http://wn.com/Eduard_Seler -
Edward VIII
#redirectEdward VIII of the United Kingdom
http://wn.com/Edward_VIII -
Edythe Perlick
Edythe Perlick [Edie] (December 12, 1922 - February 27, 2003) was a female left fielder who played from through in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 5' 3", 128 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.
http://wn.com/Edythe_Perlick -
Egon Bahr
Egon Karl-Heinz Bahr (born March 18, 1922) is a German former politician for the SPD.
http://wn.com/Egon_Bahr -
Eleanor Coerr
Eleanor Coerr is a writer of children's books. She was born in 1922 in Kamsack, Saskatchewan, Canada, and she grew up in Saskatoon. Reading stories was her favorite childhood hobby.
http://wn.com/Eleanor_Coerr -
Elmer Bernstein
Elmer Bernstein (April 4, 1922August 18, 2004) was an American composer and conductor best known for his many film scores. In a career which spanned fifty years, he composed music for hundreds of film and television productions. His most popular works include the scores to The Magnificent Seven, The Ten Commandments, The Great Escape, and To Kill a Mockingbird.
http://wn.com/Elmer_Bernstein -
Enrico Banducci
Enrico Banducci - born Harry Banducci - (February 17, 1922 – October 9, 2007) was an American impresario. Banducci operated the hungry i nightclub in San Francisco's North Beach neighborhood, where he launched the careers of Lenny Bruce, Mort Sahl, Bill Cosby, Jonathan Winters, and Barbra Streisand, and featured Woody Allen and Dick Cavett before they were well-known, as well as countless folk singers. The hungry i featured the original brick wall in the stage background, a staple for stand up comedy presentations ever since. Banducci bought the hungry i from its founder, Eric "Big Daddy" Nord, in 1950. Banducci later also started the Clown Alley hamburger stand as well as Enrico's Sidewalk Cafe on Broadway, a restaurant and jazz club that has been in and out of business (as of 2007 it remains in operation under new ownership).
http://wn.com/Enrico_Banducci -
Enrico Berlinguer
Enrico Berlinguer () (25 May 1922 – 11 June 1984) was an Italian politician; he was national secretary of the Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano or PCI) from 1972 until his death.
http://wn.com/Enrico_Berlinguer -
Enver Pasha
http://wn.com/Enver_Pasha -
Erich Hartmann
Erich Alfred Hartmann (19 April 1922 – 20 September 1993), nicknamed "Bubi" by his comrades and "The Black Devil" by his Soviet enemies, was a German World War II fighter pilot and is the highest-scoring fighter ace in the history of aerial warfare. He claimed 352 aerial victories (of which 345 were won against the Soviet Air Force, and 260 of which were fighters) in 1,404 combat missions. He engaged in aerial combat 825 times while serving with the Luftwaffe. During the course of his career, Hartmann was forced to crash-land his damaged fighter 14 times. This was due to damage received from parts of enemy aircraft he had just shot down or mechanical failure. Hartmann was never shot down or forced to land due to fire from enemy aircraft.
http://wn.com/Erich_Hartmann -
Ernest Hollings
Ernest Frederick "Fritz" Hollings (born January 1, 1922) served as a Democratic United States Senator from South Carolina from 1966 to 2005, as well as the 106th Governor of South Carolina (1959–1963) and Lt. Governor (1955–1959). He served 38 years and 55 days in the Senate, which makes him the 8th-longest-serving Senator in history. He served alongside Republican Strom Thurmond for 36 of those years, making them the longest-serving Senate duo in history, and him the most senior junior senator ever.
http://wn.com/Ernest_Hollings -
Ernest Shackleton
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, CVO, OBE (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish explorer who was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. His first experience of the polar regions was as third officer on Captain Robert Falcon Scott’s Discovery Expedition, 1901–04, from which he was sent home early on health grounds. Determined to make amends for this perceived personal failure, he returned to Antarctica in 1907 as leader of the Nimrod Expedition. In January 1909 he and three companions made a southern march which established a record Farthest South latitude at 88°23'S, 97 geographical miles (114 statute miles, 190 km) from the South Pole, by far the closest convergence in exploration history up to that time. For this achievement, Shackleton was knighted by King Edward VII on his return home.
http://wn.com/Ernest_Shackleton -
Ernesto Bonino
Ernesto Pietro Bonino (16 January 1922 – 29 April 2008) was an Italian singer of pop and jazz standards whose peak of popularity was during the 1940s and 50s.
http://wn.com/Ernesto_Bonino -
Ernst Tandefelt
Knut Ernst Robert Tandefelt (March 10, 1876 in Sysmä, Finland – May 3, 1948 in Sipoo, Finland) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish nobleman.
http://wn.com/Ernst_Tandefelt -
Eugenie Clark
Eugenie Clark (born May 4, 1922 New York City), popularly known as The Shark Lady, is an American ichthyologist known for her research on poisonous fish of the tropical seas and on the behaviour of sharks.
http://wn.com/Eugenie_Clark -
Felice Chiusano
Felice Chiusano (28 March 1922 - 3 February 1990) was one of the singers of Quartetto Cetra, a popular Italian vocal quartet.
http://wn.com/Felice_Chiusano -
Floyd Levin
Floyd Levin (September 24, 1922 - January 29, 2007) was a jazz historian and writer who has been published in many magazines, including Down Beat, Jazz Journal International and American Rag. He has received several awards for his work, including the Leonard Feather Communicator Award, given annually by the Los Angeles Jazz Society. He is the author of Classic Jazz : A Personal View of the Music and the Musicians which chronicles his first-hand encounters with many jazz musicians such as: Benny Carter, Barney Bigard, Artie Shaw, James P. Johnson and Louis Armstrong.
http://wn.com/Floyd_Levin -
Fredrik Bajer
Fredrik Bajer (April 21, 1837 – January 22, 1922) was a Danish writer, teacher, and pacifist politician who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908.
http://wn.com/Fredrik_Bajer -
Fridtjof Nansen
Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg Nansen (10 October 1861 – 13 May 1930) was a Norwegian explorer, scientist, diplomat, humanitarian and Nobel laureate. In his youth a champion skier and ice skater, he led the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, and won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°13' during his North Pole expedition of 1893–96. Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
http://wn.com/Fridtjof_Nansen -
Fuad I of Egypt
Fuad I (26 March 1868 – 28 April 1936) was the Sultan and later King of Egypt and Sudan, Sovereign of Nubia, Kordofan, and Darfur. The ninth ruler of Egypt and Sudan from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, he became Sultan of Egypt and Sudan in 1917, succeeding his elder brother Sultan Hussein Kamel. He substituted the title of King for Sultan when the United Kingdom unilaterally granted Egypt nominal independence in 1922.
http://wn.com/Fuad_I_of_Egypt -
Gabriel Narutowicz
Gabriel Narutowicz (; Telšiai, Russian Empire, 17 March 1865 – 16 December 1922, Warsaw, Poland) was a Lithuanian-born professor of hydroelectric engineering at Switzerland's Zurich Polytechnic, and Poland's Minister of Public Works (1920–21), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1922), and the first president of the Second Polish Republic.
http://wn.com/Gabriel_Narutowicz -
Gerda Boyesen
Gerda Boyesen (born May 18, 1922 in Bergen, Norway, dead December 29, 2005 in London) is the founder of Biodynamic Psychology, a branch of Body Psychotherapy.
http://wn.com/Gerda_Boyesen -
Giovanni Verga
Giovanni Verga (2 September 1840 – 27 January 1922) was an Italian realist writer, best known for his depictions of life in Sicily, and especially for the short story Cavalleria Rusticana and the novel I Malavoglia.
http://wn.com/Giovanni_Verga -
Gordon Tullock
Gordon Tullock (born February 13, 1922) is a retired Professor of Law and Economics at the George Mason University School of Law in Arlington, Virginia.
http://wn.com/Gordon_Tullock -
Guy Madison
Guy Madison (January 19, 1922 – February 6, 1996) was an American film and television actor.
http://wn.com/Guy_Madison -
Hal Clement
Harry Clement Stubbs (May 30, 1922 – October 29, 2003) better known by the pen name Hal Clement, was an American science fiction writer and a leader of the hard science fiction subgenre.
http://wn.com/Hal_Clement -
Hammer DeRoburt
HE Hammer DeRoburt, KBE (September 25, 1922 – July 15, 1992) was the founding President of the Republic of Nauru, and ruled the country for most of its first twenty years of independence.
http://wn.com/Hammer_DeRoburt -
Har Gobind Khorana
Har Gobind Khorana, or Hargobind Khorana (, born January 9, 1922) is an Indian American molecular biologist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (shared with Robert W. Holley and Marshall Warren Nirenberg) in 1968 for his work on the interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Khorana and Nirenberg were also awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in the same year. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1966, and subsequently received the National Medal of Science. He currently lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States serving as MIT's Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Biology and Chemistry, Emeritus.
http://wn.com/Har_Gobind_Khorana -
Harding Lemay
Harding Lemay (born March 16, 1922 in North Bangor, New York) is an American screenwriter and playwright. Born near the Mohawk Indian reservation, where his mother grew up, he ran away to New York City at age 17, where he has lived ever since.
http://wn.com/Harding_Lemay -
Harry Boland
Harry Boland () (27 April 1887 – 31 July 1922) was an Irish nationalist of the early Twentieth century.
http://wn.com/Harry_Boland -
Helen Gurley Brown
Helen Gurley Brown (born February 18, 1922 in Green Forest, Arkansas), is an author, publisher, and businesswoman. She was editor-in-chief of Cosmopolitan magazine for 32 years.
http://wn.com/Helen_Gurley_Brown -
Hermann Rorschach
Hermann Rorschach (; 8 November 1884 – 1 April 1922) was a Swiss Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, best known for developing a projective test known as the Rorschach inkblot test.
http://wn.com/Hermann_Rorschach -
Hoang Minh Chinh
http://wn.com/Hoang_Minh_Chinh -
Horatio Bottomley
Horatio William Bottomley (23 March 1860 – 26 May 1933) was a British financier, swindler, journalist, newspaper proprietor, populist politician and Member of Parliament (MP).
http://wn.com/Horatio_Bottomley -
Howard Moss
Howard Moss (January 22, 1922–September 16, 1987) was an American poet, dramatist and critic, who was poetry editor of The New Yorker magazine from 1948 until his death. He won the National Book Award in 1972 for Selected Poems.
http://wn.com/Howard_Moss -
Howard Zinn
Howard Zinn (August 24, 1922 – January 27, 2010) was an American historian, author, left-wing activist, playwright, intellectual and Professor of Political Science at Boston University from 1964 to 1988. He wrote more than 20 books, which included his best-selling and influential ''A People's History of the United States. Zinn wrote extensively about the civil rights, civil liberties and anti-war movements. His memoir, You Can't Be Neutral on a Moving Train'', was also the title of a 2004 documentary about Zinn's life and work.
http://wn.com/Howard_Zinn -
Igor Stravinsky
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky () ( – 6 April 1971) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor.
http://wn.com/Igor_Stravinsky -
Irish Civil War
military conflict
http://wn.com/Irish_Civil_War -
István Kühár
http://wn.com/István_Kühár -
Jacinto Benavente
Jacinto Benavente y Martínez (August 12, 1866 – July 14, 1954) was one of the foremost Spanish dramatists of the 20th century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1922.
http://wn.com/Jacinto_Benavente -
Jack Kerouac
Jean-Louis "Jack" Kerouac (; March 12, 1922 – October 21, 1969) was an American novelist and poet. He is considered a literary iconoclast, and alongside William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg, a pioneer of the Beat Generation. Kerouac is recognized for his spontaneous method of writing covering topics such as jazz, promiscuity, Buddhism, drugs, poverty, and travel. His writings have inspired other writers, including Hunter S. Thompson, Tom Robbins, Thomas Pynchon, Lester Bangs, Will Clarke, Richard Brautigan, Ken Kesey, Haruki Murakami, Jon Foreman, and Bob Dylan. Unsympathetic critics of his work have labeled it "slapdash", "grossly sentimental", and "immoral". Kerouac became an underground celebrity and, with other beats, a progenitor of the Hippie movement. At age 47 in 1969 Kerouac died from internal bleeding due to long-standing abuse of alcohol. Since his death Kerouac's literary prestige has grown and several previously unseen works have been published. All of his books are in print today, among them: On the Road, The Dharma Bums, Mexico City Blues, The Subterraneans, Desolation Angels, Visions of Cody and ''Big Sur.
http://wn.com/Jack_Kerouac -
Jackie Cooper
Jackie Cooper (born September 15, 1922) is an American actor, TV director, TV producer and executive. He was a child actor who managed to transition to an adult career. As of 2010, Cooper's Oscar-nominated performance in Skippy is the earliest nomination (1931) in any Academy Award category in which the nominee is still living. He is also the youngest performer to be nominated in a leading role in the Academy's entire history.
http://wn.com/Jackie_Cooper -
Jackson Mac Low
Jackson Mac Low (September 12, 1922 – December 8, 2004) was an American poet, performance artist, composer and playwright, known to most readers of poetry as a practioneer of systematic chance operations and other non-intentional compositional methods in his work, which Mac Low first experienced in the musical work of John Cage, Earle Brown, and Christian Wolff. He was married to Anne Tardos. He wrote 31 books. His work has been published in more than 90 anthologies and periodicals and read publicly, exhibited, performed, and broadcast in North and South America, Europe, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. He read, performed, and lectured in New York and throughout North America, Europe, and New Zealand, San Francisco, Santa Cruz, Asnières, Paris, Bouliac (near Bordeaux), Marseilles, Buffalo, Philadelphia, and New York.
http://wn.com/Jackson_Mac_Low -
Jakucho Setouchi
is the Buddhist nun, writer and activist formerly known as Harumi Setouchi ().
http://wn.com/Jakucho_Setouchi -
James Joyce
James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century. Joyce is best known for Ulysses (1922), a landmark novel which perfected his stream of conciousness technique and combined nearly every literary device available in a modern re-telling of The Odyssey. Other major works are the short-story collection Dubliners (1914), and the novels A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) and Finnegans Wake (1939), and his complete oeuvre includes three books of poetry, a play, occasional journalism, and his published letters.
http://wn.com/James_Joyce -
Jan Nieuwenhuys
Jan Nieuwenhuys (January 8, 1922 – December 28, 1986) was a Dutch painter and one of the early active founders of the Dutch Experimentalists group (Reflex) that later became part of CoBrA.
http://wn.com/Jan_Nieuwenhuys -
Jean-Pierre Rampal
Jean-Pierre Louis Rampal (7 January 1922 – 20 May 2000) was a French flautist. He has been personally "credited with returning to the flute the popularity as a solo classical instrument it had not held since the 18th century."
http://wn.com/Jean-Pierre_Rampal -
Jim Laker
James "Jim" Charles Laker (9 February 1922 – 23 April 1986) was a cricketer who played for England in the 1950s, known for "Laker's match" in 1956 at Old Trafford, when he took nineteen wickets in England's victory against Australia. He played 46 Test matches between 1948 and 1959, taking 193 wickets with a bowling average of 21.24; in all first-class matches he took 1,944 wickets at 18.41.
http://wn.com/Jim_Laker -
Joe Gilmore
Joe Gilmore (born Belfast 19 May 1922) was one of the longest running Head Barmen at The Savoy Hotel's American Bar. Joe Gilmore started as a trainee barman at The American Bar in 1940 and was appointed Head Barman in 1955, a position he held until he retired in 1976. Over his years as Head Barman, Gilmore invented numerous cocktails to mark special events and important guests, a longstanding tradition at the American Bar. Joe Gilmore has invented cocktails in honor of a number of royalty, politicians and celebrities including Prince Charles, Prince William, Princess Anne, Queen Mother Elizabeth, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, Sir Winston Churchill, and American Presidents Harry S. Truman and Richard Nixon. He also invented cocktails to commemorate the first walk on the moon in 1969 by Neil Armstrong, and the American and Russian link-up in space in 1975.
http://wn.com/Joe_Gilmore -
Joey Maxim
Giuseppe Antonio Berardinelli (March 28, 1922 – June 2, 2001) was an American boxer. He was a light heavyweight champion of the world. He took the ring-name Joey Maxim from the Maxim gun, the world's first self-acting machine gun, based on his ability to rapidly throw a large number of left jabs.
http://wn.com/Joey_Maxim -
John Bayard Anderson
http://wn.com/John_Bayard_Anderson -
John Butler Yeats
John Butler Yeats (Born in Lawrencetown, townland of Tullylish, County Down, 16 March 1839, died 3 February 1922) was an Irish artist and the father of William Butler Yeats, Lily Yeats, Lollie Yeats and Jack B. Yeats. He is probably best known for his portrait of the young William Butler Yeats which is one of a number of his portraits of Irishmen and women in the Yeats museum in the National Gallery of Ireland. His portrait of John O'Leary (1904) is considered to be his masterpiece (Raymond Keaveney 2002).
http://wn.com/John_Butler_Yeats -
John Chafee
John Lester Hubbard Chafee ( ; October 22, 1922 October 24, 1999) was an American politician. He served as an officer in the United States Marine Corps, as governor of Rhode Island, as the Secretary of the Navy, and as a United States Senator.
http://wn.com/John_Chafee -
John Martin Poyer
John Martin Poyer (1861 - May 12, 1922) was the twelfth Naval Governor of American Samoa, from March 1, 1915 to June 10, 1919. He held the longest term of any American Samoan Governor. A Naval Academy graduate, Poyer served in numerous positions and retired in 1906 on account of failing health; however, the Navy called him back to service in 1915 to serve as Governor. During the 1918 flu pandemic, Poyer quarantined the territory to stop the spread of the pandemic to American Samoa. Because of his actions, no deaths occurred in American Samoa, and he received the Navy Cross. Upon his final retirement, Poyer had reached the rank of Commander.
http://wn.com/John_Martin_Poyer -
John Wanamaker
John (Nelson) Wanamaker (July 11, 1838 – December 12, 1922) was a United States merchant, religious leader, civic and political figure, considered by some to be the father of modern advertising. Wanamaker was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
http://wn.com/John_Wanamaker -
Jokichi Takamine
was a Japanese chemist.
http://wn.com/Jokichi_Takamine -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and head of state who served as the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. After the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924, Stalin rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union, which he ruled as a dictator.
http://wn.com/Joseph_Stalin -
José Saramago
writer
http://wn.com/José_Saramago -
Judy Garland
Judy Garland (June 10, 1922 – June 22, 1969) was an American actress and singer. Through a career that spanned 45 of her 47 years, Garland attained international stardom as an actress in musical and dramatic roles, as a recording artist and on the concert stage. Respected for her versatility, she received a Juvenile Academy Award, won a Golden Globe Award, received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for her work in films, as well as Grammy Awards and a Special Tony Award. After appearing in vaudeville with her sisters, Garland was signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. There she made more than two dozen films, including nine with Mickey Rooney and the 1939 film with which she would be most identified, The Wizard of Oz. After 15 years, Garland was released from the studio but gained renewed success through record-breaking concert appearances, including a critically acclaimed Carnegie Hall concert, a well-regarded but short-lived television series and a return to acting beginning with a critically acclaimed performance in A Star Is Born (1954).
http://wn.com/Judy_Garland -
Julius Nyerere
Julius Kambarage Nyerere (13 April 1922 - 14 October 1999) was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985.
http://wn.com/Julius_Nyerere -
Kai Winding
Kai Chresten Winding (May 18, 1922–May 6, 1983) was a popular Danish born American trombonist and jazz composer. He is well known for a successful collaboration with fellow trombonist J. J. Johnson.
http://wn.com/Kai_Winding -
Karl Aage Præst
Karl Aage Præst, also spelled Carl Aage Præst, (born February 26, 1922 in Copenhagen, Denmark) is a Danish former football player. Playing in the left winger position, Præst won two Serie A championships with Italian club Juventus FC. He played 24 games and scored 17 goals for the Danish national team from 1945 to 1949, and won a bronze medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics. He is an Danish Football Hall of Fame inductee.
http://wn.com/Karl_Aage_Præst -
Karl I of Austria
http://wn.com/Karl_I_of_Austria -
Kathryn Grayson
Kathryn Grayson (February 9, 1922 - February 17, 2010) was an American actress and operatic soprano singer.
http://wn.com/Kathryn_Grayson -
Kingsley Amis
Sir Kingsley William Amis, CBE (16 April 1922 – 22 October 1995) was an English novelist, poet, critic and teacher. He wrote more than 20 novels, six volumes of poetry, a memoir, and various short stories, radio and television scripts, along with works of social and literary criticism. According to his biographer, Zachary Leader, Amis was "the finest British comic novelist of the second half of the twentieth century." He is the father of the English novelist Martin Amis.
http://wn.com/Kingsley_Amis -
Kurt Vonnegut
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., (; November 11, 1922 – April 11, 2007) was one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century. He wrote such works as Slaughterhouse-Five (1969), ''Cat's Cradle (1963), and Breakfast of Champions'' (1973) blending satire, black comedy, and science fiction. He was known for his humanist beliefs and was honorary president of the American Humanist Association.
http://wn.com/Kurt_Vonnegut -
Lane Kirkland
Joseph Lane Kirkland (March 12, 1922 – August 14, 1999) was a US labor union leader who served as President of the AFL-CIO for over sixteen years.
http://wn.com/Lane_Kirkland -
Leo Gordon
Leo Vincent Gordon (December 2, 1922 - December 26, 2000) was an American movie and television character actor as well as a screenplay writer. He specialized in playing brutish bad guys during more than forty years in film and television.
http://wn.com/Leo_Gordon -
Leo Tindemans
Leonard Clemence “Leo” Tindemans () , born in Zwijndrecht on 16 April 1922, is a Belgian politician and the 43rd Prime Minister.
http://wn.com/Leo_Tindemans -
Leon M. Lederman
Leon Max Lederman (born July 15, 1922) is an American experimental physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work with neutrinos. He is Director Emeritus of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in Batavia, Illinois, USA. He founded the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, in Aurora, Illinois in 1986, and has served in the capacity of Resident Scholar since 1998.
http://wn.com/Leon_M_Lederman -
Leonel Brizola
Leonel de Moura Brizola (Carazinho, Rio Grande do Sul, January 22, 1922 — Rio de Janeiro, June 21, 2004) was a Brazilian politician. He was governor of the state of Rio Grande do Sul from 1959 to 1962 and served two terms as governor of Rio de Janeiro state (1983–1987 and 1991–1994). He was also vice-president of the Socialist International, as well as Honorary President of that organization for a few months, from October 2003 until his death. Brizola and his party (Democratic Labour Party) preached and practiced a kind of social democratic left-wing policy.
http://wn.com/Leonel_Brizola -
Lila Wallace
http://wn.com/Lila_Wallace -
Lillian Russell
Lillian Russell (December 4, 1861 – June 6, 1922) was an American actress and singer. She became one of the most famous actresses and singers of the late 19th century and early 20th century, known for her beauty and style, as well as for her voice and stage presence.
http://wn.com/Lillian_Russell -
Lima Barreto
Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto (May 13, 1881 – November 1, 1922) was a Brazilian author, who wrote one of the country's classics, Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma or Tragic death of..., describing the adventures of a music and book-loving odd-ball confronted with Brazil's peculiarities at the turn of the century.
http://wn.com/Lima_Barreto -
Luigi Giussani
Monsignor Luigi Giovanni Giussani (October 15, 1922 – February 22, 2005), Italian Catholic priest, educator, public intellectual and founder of the international Catholic movement Comunione e Liberazione (Communion and Liberation).
http://wn.com/Luigi_Giussani -
Lukas Foss
Lukas Foss (August 15, 1922 – February 1, 2009) was a German-born American composer, conductor, pianist, and professor.
http://wn.com/Lukas_Foss -
Lyndon LaRouche
Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr. (; born September 8, 1922) is an American self-styled economist, political activist, and the founder of several political organizations known collectively as the LaRouche movement. He has been a perennial candidate for President of the United States, having run in eight elections since 1976, once as a U.S. Labor Party candidate and seven times as a candidate for the Democratic Party nomination. He is the founder and contributing editor of the Executive Intelligence Review, and has written prolifically on economic, scientific, and political topics, as well as on history, philosophy, and psychoanalysis.
http://wn.com/Lyndon_LaRouche -
Madelyn Dunham
Madelyn Lee Payne Dunham ( ; October 26, 1922 – November 2, 2008) was the American maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, the President of the United States of America. She and her husband Stanley Armour Dunham raised Obama from age ten in their Honolulu, Hawaii apartment, where on November 2, 2008, she died two days before her grandson was elected the 44th President of the United States.
http://wn.com/Madelyn_Dunham -
Marcel Proust
Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust (; 10 July 1871 – 18 November 1922) was a French novelist, critic and essayist best known for his monumental À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time; earlier translated as Remembrance of Things Past). It was published in seven parts between 1913 and 1927.
http://wn.com/Marcel_Proust -
Margaret Leighton
Margaret Leighton (26 February 1922 – 13 January 1976) was an English actress. She had an exquisite sense of grandeur and refinement. She created the role of Hannah Jelkes in Tennessee Williams' The Night of the Iguana.
http://wn.com/Margaret_Leighton -
Marie Lloyd
Matilda Alice Victoria Wood (12 February 1870 – 7 October 1922) was an English music hall singer, best known as Marie Lloyd. Her ability to add lewdness to the most innocent of lyrics led to frequent clashes with the guardians of morality. Her performances articulated the disappointments of life, especially for working-class women.
http://wn.com/Marie_Lloyd -
Marjorie Cameron
Marjorie Cameron (1922-1995) was an artist, occultist, actress, and wife of rocket pioneer and occultist Jack Parsons. Cameron played a major role in the 1946 Babalon Working ritual.
http://wn.com/Marjorie_Cameron -
Marshall Teague
Marshall Teague (February 22, 1922 - February 11, 1959) was an American race car driver.
http://wn.com/Marshall_Teague -
Martha O'Driscoll
'''Martha O'Driscoll''' (March 4, 1922 – November 3, 1998) was an American film actress from 1937 until 1947. At age 25, she retired from show business to marry Chicago businessman Arthur Appleton (July 1947 – November 3, 1998) (her death). They had three sons, James and John of Dallas, and William of Hawaii, and one daughter Linda Potter of San Diego. In the 1980s and 1990s, she was a guest speaker at numerous movie-nostalgia conventions.
http://wn.com/Martha_O'Driscoll -
Maurice Riel
Maurice Riel, PC, QC (April 3, 1922 – July 20, 2007) was a lawyer and Canadian Senator.
http://wn.com/Maurice_Riel -
Max Wagenknecht
Max Wagenknecht (14 August 1857 – 7 May 1922) was a German composer of organ and piano music. He was born in Woldisch Tychow and spent most of his life in the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania region where he was music teacher at the Franzburg Teachers’ College and in his later life organist and composer in Anklam. He is most well known for Opus 5, “58 Vor- und Nachspiele”, completed in July 1889 in Franzburg. The work demonstrates a remarkable gift for melodic organ compositions bridging traditional church music and the late 19th century romantic music era.
http://wn.com/Max_Wagenknecht -
Mehmed VI
Mehmed VI Wahid ed-din (Ottoman Turkish: محمد سادس Meḥmed-i sâdis, or ) (14 January/2 February 1861 – 15/16 May 1926) was the 36th and last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1918 to 1922. The brother of Mehmed V, he succeeded to the throne as the eldest male member of the House of Osman after the 1916 suicide of Abdülaziz's son Yusuf Izzettin Efendi, the heir to the throne. He was girded with the Sword of Osman on July 4, 1918, as the thirty-sixth padishah. His father was sultan Abdülmecid I and mother was Gülüstü, (1831 - May 1861), originally named Henriet, a Circassian.
http://wn.com/Mehmed_VI -
Mel Fisher
Mel Fisher (August 21, 1922 – December 19, 1998) was an American treasure hunter best known for finding the 1622 wreck of the Spanish galleon Nuestra Señora de Atocha named after a shrine in Madrid for protection. He discovered the wreck July 20, 1985. The estimated $450 million cache recovered, known as "The Atocha Motherlode," included 40 tons of gold and silver; there were some 114,000 of the Spanish silver coins known as "pieces of eight", gold coins, Colombian emeralds, gold and silver artifacts, and 1000 silver bars. Large as it was, this was only roughly half of the treasure that went down with the Atocha. The wealthiest part of the ship, the stern castle still has yet to be found. Still missing are 300 silver bars and 8 bronze cannons, among other things. In addition to the Atocha, Fisher's company, Salvors Inc., found remains of several shipwrecks in Florida waters, including the Atocha's sister galleon the Santa Margarita, lost in the same year, and the remains of a slave ship known as the Henrietta Marie.
http://wn.com/Mel_Fisher -
Michael Ainsworth
Michael Lionel Yeoward Ainsworth (13 May 1922 – 28 August 1978) was an English cricketer: a right-handed batsman who played his county cricket for Worcestershire but also appeared on a number of occasions for Combined Services and Free Foresters.
http://wn.com/Michael_Ainsworth -
Micheline Ostermeyer
Micheline Ostermeyer (December 23, 1922 – October 17, 2001) was a French athlete and pianist.
http://wn.com/Micheline_Ostermeyer -
Mohandas Gandhi
http://wn.com/Mohandas_Gandhi -
Mona Lisa (actress)
Gloria L. Yatco, better known as Mona Lisa (born June 22, 1922) is a FAMAS award-winning Filipino film actress. One of the most popular Filipino actresses of the 1940s, she resumed her film career in the 1970s after a two-decade long absence and remained active in the industry well into her eighties.
http://wn.com/Mona_Lisa_(actress) -
Mujibur Rahman
http://wn.com/Mujibur_Rahman -
Nancy Walker
Nancy Walker (May 10, 1922 – March 25, 1992) was an American actress and comedienne of stage, screen, and television. She also was a director of The Mary Tyler Moore Show, on which she occasionally made guest appearances. During her five-decade long career, she may be best remembered for her long-running role of Ida Morgenstern, which she played occasionally on The Mary Tyler Moore Show, as well as its spin-off, Rhoda, on which she co-starred.
http://wn.com/Nancy_Walker -
Nellie Bly
Nellie Bly (May 5, 1864 – January 27, 1922) was the pen name of pioneer female journalist Elizabeth Jane Cochran. She remains notable for two feats: a record-breaking trip around the world in emulation of Jules Verne's character Phileas Fogg, and an exposé in which she faked insanity to study a mental institution from within. In addition to her writing, she was also an industrialist and charity worker.
http://wn.com/Nellie_Bly -
Nicholas Katzenbach
Nicholas deBelleville Katzenbach (born January 17, 1922) is an American lawyer who served as United States Attorney General during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration.
http://wn.com/Nicholas_Katzenbach -
Niels Bohr
Niels Henrik David Bohr (; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr mentored and collaborated with many of the top physicists of the century at his institute in Copenhagen. He was part of a team of physicists working on the Manhattan Project. Bohr married Margrethe Nørlund in 1912, and one of their sons, Aage Bohr, grew up to be an important physicist who in 1975 also received the Nobel prize. Bohr has been described as one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century.
http://wn.com/Niels_Bohr -
Nikolay Basov
Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov (; 14 December 1922 – 1 July 2001) was a Soviet physicist and educator. For his fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics that led to the development of laser and maser, Basov shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics with Alexander Prokhorov and Charles Hard Townes.
http://wn.com/Nikolay_Basov -
Norodom Sihanouk
Norodom Sihanouk regular script (born October 31 1922) was the King of Cambodia from 1941 to 1955 and again from 1993 until his semi-retirement and voluntary abdication on 7 October 2004 in favor/favour of his son, the current King Norodom Sihamoni. Since his abdication he has been known as The King-Father of Cambodia (Khmer: Preahmâhaviraksat), a position in which he retains many of his former responsibilities as constitutional monarch.
http://wn.com/Norodom_Sihanouk -
Otl Aicher
Otl Aicher (May 13, 1922 – September 1, 1991), also known as Otto Aicher, was one of the leading German graphic designers of the 20th century.
http://wn.com/Otl_Aicher -
Otto Fritz Meyerhof
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (April 12, 1884 – October 6, 1951) was a German-born physician and biochemist.
http://wn.com/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof -
Ottoman Empire
The Sublime Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkish, Persian: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye, Modern Turkish: Yüce Osmanlı Devleti or Osmanlı İmparatorluğu) was an empire that lasted from 1299 to 1923.
http://wn.com/Ottoman_Empire -
Pablo Picasso
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso (; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, draughtsman, and sculptor who lived most of his adult life in France. He is best known for co-founding the Cubist movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist ''Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and Guernica'' (1937), his portrayal of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.
http://wn.com/Pablo_Picasso -
Patrick Macnee
Patrick Macnee (born 6 February 1922) is an English actor, best known for his role as the secret agent John Steed in the series The Avengers.
http://wn.com/Patrick_Macnee -
Patrick Suppes
Patrick Colonel Suppes (b. 1922, Tulsa, OK) is an American philosopher who has made significant contributions to philosophy of science, theory of measurement, foundations of quantum mechanics, decision theory, psychology, and educational technology.
http://wn.com/Patrick_Suppes -
Paul Scofield
David Paul Scofield, CH, CBE (21 January 1922 – 19 March 2008), better known as Paul Scofield, was an English actor of stage and screen. Noted for his distinctive voice and delivery, Scofield received an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for his performance as Sir Thomas More in the 1966 film A Man for All Seasons, a reprise of the role he played in the stage version at the West End and on Broadway for which he received a Tony Award.
http://wn.com/Paul_Scofield -
Pharaoh
Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. The title originates in the term ‘’pr-aa’’ which means ‘’great house’’ and describes the royal palace. The title of Pharaoh started being used for the king during the New Kingdom, specifically during the middle of the eighteenth dynasty. For simplification, however, there is a general acceptance amongst modern writers to use the term to relate to all periods.
http://wn.com/Pharaoh -
Phyllis Koehn
Phyllis C. Koehn [Sugar] (September 15, 1922 - May 28, 2007) was a female pitcher and utility who played from through for six different teams of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 5' 5", 120 lb., Koehn batted and threw right-handed. She was born in Madison, Wisconsin.
http://wn.com/Phyllis_Koehn -
Pope Benedict XV
Pope Benedict XV (Latin: Benedictus PP. XV, ; 21 November 1854 – 22 January 1922), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, reigned as Pope from 3 September 1914 to 22 January 1922, succeeding Pope Pius X (1903–1914). His pontificate was largely overshadowed by World War I and its political, social and humanitarian consequences in Europe.
http://wn.com/Pope_Benedict_XV -
Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI (Latin: Pius PP. XI; ; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti, was Pope from 6 February 1922, and sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929 until his death on 10 February 1939. He issued numerous encyclicals including Quadragesimo Anno highlighting capitalistic greed of international finance, social justice issues and Quas Primas establishing the feast of Christ the King. He took as his papal motto "Christ's peace in Christ's kingdom".
http://wn.com/Pope_Pius_XI -
Poul Bundgaard
Poul Arne Bundgaard (27 October 1922 – 3 June 1998) was a Danish actor and singer. He is probably best known for his role as the henpecked Kjeld in the Olsen Banden films.
http://wn.com/Poul_Bundgaard -
Povel Ramel
Baron Powel Karl Henric Ramel () (June 1, 1922 – June 5, 2007) was a Swedish entertainer. Ramel was a singer, pianist, vaudeville artist, author and a novelty song composer. His style was characterized by imaginative wit, both verbal and musical. He took inspiration from US and UK 'crazy' style humor and created his own personal Swedish version, unusual combinations of lyrics and music, word play, pastiche and general unexpectedness. He was regarded as a legend and an institution in Swedish entertainment.
http://wn.com/Povel_Ramel -
Prekmurians
Prekmurians ( Prekmurian Prekmürci, Prekmörci, Prekmörge) are an ethnic group in Central Europe. They consist of the Prekmurje Slovene and the Hungarian Slovenes (Porabski Slovenci). The Somogy Slovenes are extinct. This group of Slovenes speak the Prekmurian language and have a unique culture.
http://wn.com/Prekmurians -
Quinn Martin
Quinn Martin (May 22, 1922 – September 5, 1987) was one of the most successful American television producers. He had at least one series running in prime time for 21 straight years (from 1959 to 1980), an industry record.
http://wn.com/Quinn_Martin -
Ralph H. Baer
Ralph H. Baer (born March 8, 1922) is an American video game pioneer, inventor, engineer, widely known as "The Father of Video Games", who is noted for his many contributions to games and the video game industry. In 2006, he was awarded the National Medal of Technology for inventing the home console for video games and spawning the video game industry.
http://wn.com/Ralph_H_Baer -
Raymond Devos
Raymond Devos (November 9, 1922, Mouscron, Belgium - June 15, 2006, Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, Yvelines, France) was a French humorist, stand-up comedian and clown. He is best known for his sophisticated puns and surreal humour.
http://wn.com/Raymond_Devos -
Redd Foxx
John Elroy Sanford (December 9, 1922 – October 11, 1991), better known by his stage name Redd Foxx, was an American comedian and actor, best known for his starring role on the sitcom Sanford and Son.
http://wn.com/Redd_Foxx -
Renata Tebaldi
Renata Tebaldi (Pesaro, Italy, February 1, 1922 – San Marino, December 19, 2004) was an Italian lirico-spinto soprano popular in the post-war period. Acclaimed as one of the most beloved opera singers of all time, she primarily focused on the verismo roles of the lyric and dramatic repertoires.
http://wn.com/Renata_Tebaldi -
Richard E. Cunha
Richard Earl Cunha (March 4, 1922, Honolulu, Hawaii - September 18, 2005, Oceanside, California) was a Hawaiian born cinematographer and film director. Cunha's father was Albert "Sonny" Cunha, a Hawaiian songwriter.
http://wn.com/Richard_E_Cunha -
Richard Kiley
Richard Paul Kiley (March 31, 1922 – March 5, 1999) was an American stage, television, and film actor. He is best known for his voice work, as narrator of various documentary series, and for having played Don Quixote in the original 1965 production of the Broadway musical Man of La Mancha. Kiley was the first to sing and record The Impossible Dream, the hit song from the show. In the 1953 hit musical Kismet, he played the Caliph, and introduced the song Stranger in Paradise.
http://wn.com/Richard_Kiley -
Robert J. Flaherty
Robert Joseph Flaherty, F.R.G.S. (February 16, 1884; Iron Mountain, Michigan – July 23, 1951; Dummerston, Vermont) was an American filmmaker who directed and produced the first commercially successful feature length documentary film, Nanook of the North (1922). The film made his reputation and nothing in his later life equaled its success, although he continued the development of this new genre of docufiction, e.g. with Moana (1926), set in the South Seas.
http://wn.com/Robert_J_Flaherty -
Robert Sumner
Robert L. Sumner (born August 3, 1922) is an American Christian author, Baptist pastor, evangelist and editor of the fundamentalist newspaper called The Biblical Evangelist.
http://wn.com/Robert_Sumner -
Robert W. Holley
Robert William Holley (January 28, 1922 – February 11, 1993) was an American biochemist, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 (with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall Warren Nirenberg) for describing the structure of alanine transfer RNA, linking DNA and protein synthesis.
http://wn.com/Robert_W_Holley -
Salli Terri
Salli C. Terri (September 3, 1922, London, Ontario, Canada - May 5, 1996, Long Beach, California) was a singer, arranger, recording artist, and songwriter.
http://wn.com/Salli_Terri -
Sam Thompson
Samuel Luther Thompson (March 5, 1860 – November 7, 1922) was a 19th century Major League Baseball player. "Big Sam" (6 feet 2 inches, and 200 pounds) was known for his offensive production and was second on the career home runs list at the time of his retirement. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.
http://wn.com/Sam_Thompson -
Sandy Kenyon
Sandy Kenyon, born Sanford Klein (August 5, 1922 – February 20, 2010) was an American voice-over artist and character actor, best-known for voicing Jon Arbuckle in the first Garfield animated television special Here Comes Garfield, and other roles in film and television. He was born in New York City, United States.
http://wn.com/Sandy_Kenyon -
Sarah L. Winchester
http://wn.com/Sarah_L_Winchester -
Sergei Diaghilev
Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev ( / Sergei Pavlovich Dyagilev ) (31 March 187219 August 1929), usually referred to outside of Russia as Serge, was a Russian art critic, patron, ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes from which many famous dancers and choreographers would later arise.
http://wn.com/Sergei_Diaghilev -
Shelagh Fraser
Shelagh Fraser (25 November 1923 - 29 August 2000) was a British actress.
http://wn.com/Shelagh_Fraser -
Sid Caesar
Isaac Sidney "Sid" Caesar (born September 8, 1922) is an American comic actor and writer known as the leading man on the 1950s television series Your Show of Shows and ''Caesar's Hour, and to younger generations as Coach Calhoun in Grease and Grease 2''.
http://wn.com/Sid_Caesar -
Sidney Mintz
Sidney Wilfred Mintz (born November 16, 1922 in Dover, New Jersey) is an anthropologist best known for his studies of Latin America and the Caribbean. Mintz studied at Brooklyn College earning his B.A in 1943. He got his doctoral degree from Columbia University under the supervision of Julian Steward and Ruth Benedict. Mintz was one of a group of students who developed around Steward and Benedict. Many prominent anthropologists such as Marvin Harris, Eric Wolf, Morton Fried, Stanley Diamond, and Robert F. Murphy were among this group.
http://wn.com/Sidney_Mintz -
Sir Christopher Lee
http://wn.com/Sir_Christopher_Lee -
Slovenes
Slovenes (Slovene Slovenci, dual Slovenca, singular Slovenec, feminine Slovenke, dual Slovenki, singular Slovenka) are a South Slavic people primarily associated with Slovenia and the Slovene language.
http://wn.com/Slovenes -
Son, Byong-Hi
http://wn.com/Son_Byong-Hi -
Stan Lee
Stan Lee (born Stanley Martin Lieber; December 28, 1922) is an American comic book writer, editor, actor, producer, publisher, television personality, and the former president and chairman of Marvel Comics.
http://wn.com/Stan_Lee -
Steffan Danielsen
Johan Steffan Danielsen (3 September 1922 in Nólsoy, Faroe Islands - 28 May 1976 in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands) was a Faroese painter.
http://wn.com/Steffan_Danielsen -
Steven Hill
Steven Hill (born February 24, 1922) is an American film and television actor. His two better-known roles are District Attorney Adam Schiff on the NBC TV drama series Law & Order, whom he portrayed for ten seasons (1990–2000), and , the original team leader of the Impossible Missions Force on CBS's television series , whom he portrayed only in the initial season of the show (1966–1967).
http://wn.com/Steven_Hill -
Stoyanka Mutafova
Stoyanka Konstantinova Mutafova () (born February 2, 1922 in Sofia) is a Bulgarian actress. She graduated philology at the University of Sofia "Kliment Ohridski". Later she studied acting in Bulgaria and Prague.
http://wn.com/Stoyanka_Mutafova -
Susanna Agnelli
Susanna Agnelli, Contessa Rattazzi, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (April 24, 1922 - May 15, 2009) was an Italian politician, businesswoman and writer. She was the only woman to have been Minister of Foreign Affairs in Italy.
http://wn.com/Susanna_Agnelli -
Sylvia Beach
Sylvia Beach (March 14, 1887 – October 5, 1962), born Nancy Woodbridge Beach in her father's parsonage in Baltimore, Maryland, was one of the leading expatriate figures in Paris between World War I and II.
http://wn.com/Sylvia_Beach -
Tata Giacobetti
Giovanni "Tata" Giacobetti (24 June 1922 - 2 December 1988) was one of the singers of Quartetto Cetra, a very famous Italian vocal quartet.
http://wn.com/Tata_Giacobetti -
Telly Savalas
Aristotelis “Telly” Savalas (January 21, 1922 – January 22, 1994) was an American film and television actor and singer, whose career spanned four decades.
http://wn.com/Telly_Savalas -
Thomas E. Watson
Thomas Edward Watson (September 5, 1856 – September 26, 1922), generally known as Tom Watson, was a United States politician from Georgia. In early years, Watson championed poor farmers and the working class; later he became a controversial publisher and a controversial Populist politician who supported the Ku Klux Klan. Two years prior to his death, he was elected to the United States Senate.
http://wn.com/Thomas_E_Watson -
Thomas Kuhn
Thomas Samuel Kuhn (surname ; July 18, 1922 – June 17, 1996) was an American physicist who wrote extensively on the history of science and developed several important notions in the sociology and philosophy of science.
http://wn.com/Thomas_Kuhn -
Tom Finney
Sir Thomas Finney, OBE (born 5 April 1922, Preston, Lancashire) is a former English footballer, famous for his loyalty to his league club, Preston North End, and for his performances in the English national side.
http://wn.com/Tom_Finney -
Tommy Cooper
Thomas Frederick "Tommy" Cooper (19 March 1921 – 15 April 1984) was a popular British prop comedian and magician.
http://wn.com/Tommy_Cooper -
Tun Abdul Razak
:''For other individuals named Abdul Razak, or some variation thereof, see Abdur Razzaq.
http://wn.com/Tun_Abdul_Razak -
Tun Hussein Onn
http://wn.com/Tun_Hussein_Onn -
Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun (alternately spelled with Tutenkh-, -amen, -amon), Egyptian ', approx. ; 1341 BC – 1323 BC) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (ruled c.1333 BC – 1323 BC in the conventional chronology), during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom. His original name, Tutankhaten,' means "Living Image of Aten", while Tutankhamun means "Living Image of Amun". In hieroglyphs the name Tutankhamun was typically written Amen-tut-ankh, because of a scribal custom that placed a divine name at the beginning of a phrase to show appropriate reverence. He is possibly also the Nibhurrereya'' of the Amarna letters. He was likely the 18th dynasty king 'Rathotis' who, according to Manetho, an ancient historian, had reigned for nine years — a figure which conforms with Flavius Josephus's version of Manetho's Epitome.
http://wn.com/Tutankhamun -
Vasko Popa
Vasko Popa (, June 29, 1922, Grebenac (, , ) - January 5, 1991) was a Serbian poet of Romanian descent.
http://wn.com/Vasko_Popa -
Veronica Lake
Veronica Lake (November 14, 1922 – July 7, 1973) was an American film actress and pin-up model. She received both popular and critical acclaim, most notably for her femme fatale roles in film noir with Alan Ladd during the 1940s, and was well-known for her peek-a-boo hairstyle. Her success did not last; she had a string of broken marriages and long struggles with mental illness and alcoholism until she died of hepatitis.
http://wn.com/Veronica_Lake -
Viktor Kingissepp
Viktor Kingissepp (born in Kaarma, Saaremaa, – 4 May 1922 in Tallinn) was an Estonian Communist politician, leader of the Estonian Communist Party.
http://wn.com/Viktor_Kingissepp -
Vitaly Popkov
Vitaly Ivanovich Popkov (May 1, 1922, Moscow, Soviet Russia – February 6, 2010, Moscow, Russia, ) was a Soviet fighter pilot in the Second World War, an ace credited with 41 victories and a two-time Hero of the Soviet Union.
http://wn.com/Vitaly_Popkov -
Vittorio Monti
Vittorio Monti (6 January 186820 June 1922) was an Italian composer, violinist, and conductor.
http://wn.com/Vittorio_Monti -
W. T. Cosgrave
William Thomas Cosgrave (; 6 June 1880 – 16 November 1965), known generally as W.T. Cosgrave, was an Irish politician who succeeded Michael Collins as Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government from August to December 1922. He served as the first President of the Executive Council (Head of government) of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1932.
http://wn.com/W_T_Cosgrave -
Walter Parr
Rev. Walter Robinson Parr (May 3, 1871 – March 24, 1922) was an English-born preacher and author.
http://wn.com/Walter_Parr -
Warren G. Harding
Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 August 2, 1923) was the 29th President of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death from a heart attack in 1923. A Republican from Ohio, Harding was an influential newspaper publisher. He served in the Ohio Senate (1899–1903) and later as the 28th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (1903–1905) and as a U.S. Senator (1915–1921).
http://wn.com/Warren_G_Harding -
Warwick Kerr
http://wn.com/Warwick_Kerr -
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt (17 August 1840 – 10 September 1922) (Sometimes spelled "Wilfred") was an English poet and writer. He was born at Petworth House in Sussex, and served in the Diplomatic Service from 1858 to 1869. His mother was a Catholic convert and he was educated at Twyford School, Stonyhurst and at St Mary's College, Oscott. He is best known for his poetry, which was published in a collected edition in 1914, but also wrote a number of political essays and polemics.
http://wn.com/Wilfrid_Scawen_Blunt -
William Baumol
William Jack Baumol (born February 26, 1922) is a New York University economics professor (although he is also affiliated with Princeton University) who has written extensively about labor market and other economic factors that affect the economy. He also made valuable contributions to the history of economic thought. He is among the most influential economists in the world according to IDEAS/RePEc.
http://wn.com/William_Baumol -
William Davidson
William Morse "Bill" Davidson, J. D. (December 5, 1922 – March 13, 2009) was an American billionaire and President, Chairman and CEO of Guardian Industries, one of the world's largest manufacturers of architectural and automotive glass. He was also owner of several North American professional sports teams and a member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/William_Davidson -
William Gaddis
William Thomas Gaddis, Jr. (December 29, 1922 – December 16, 1998) was an American novelist. He wrote five novels, two of which won National Book Awards.
http://wn.com/William_Gaddis -
William Gaines
William Maxwell "Bill" Gaines (March 1, 1922 – June 3, 1992) was the American publisher and co-editor of EC Comics, and publisher of Mad for over 40 years.
http://wn.com/William_Gaines -
William Manchester
William Raymond Manchester (April 1, 1922 – June 1, 2004) was an American author and biographer, notable as the bestselling author of 18 books that have been translated into 20 languages.
http://wn.com/William_Manchester -
World War I
World War I was a military conflict centered on Europe that began in the summer of 1914. The fighting ended in late 1918. This conflict involved all of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, due largely to great technological advances in firepower without corresponding ones in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in history.
http://wn.com/World_War_I -
Yevgeny Matveyev
http://wn.com/Yevgeny_Matveyev -
Yitzhak Rabin
() (1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–1977 and 1992 until his assassination in 1995. In 1994, Rabin won the Nobel Peace Prize together with Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat. He was assassinated by right-wing Israeli radical Yigal Amir, who was opposed to Rabin's signing of the Oslo Accords. Rabin was the first native-born prime minister of Israel, the only prime minister to be assassinated and the second to die in office after Levi Eshkol.
http://wn.com/Yitzhak_Rabin -
Yma Súmac
http://wn.com/Yma_Súmac -
Yuri Knorozov
Yuriy Valentinovich Knorozov (alternatively, Knorosov; in ; November 19, 1922 — March 31, 1999) was a Russian linguist, epigrapher and ethnographer, who is particularly renowned for the pivotal role his research played in the decipherment of the Maya script, the writing system used by the pre-Columbian Maya civilization of Mesoamerica.
http://wn.com/Yuri_Knorozov -
Yvonne De Carlo
Yvonne De Carlo (September 1, 1922 – January 8, 2007) was a Canadian-born American film and television actress, dancer and singer. She began her film career by starring in small film roles for Columbia Studios, Paramount Pictures, Universal International.
http://wn.com/Yvonne_De_Carlo
-
2LO
2LO was the second radio station to regularly broadcast in the United Kingdom (the first was 2MT). It began broadcasting on 11 May 1922, for one hour a day from the seventh floor of Marconi House in London's Strand. This building, opposite Somerset House, was demolished in 2006, apart from the listed façade, which will be incorporated into a new hotel complex.
http://wn.com/2LO -
Alberta
Alberta is the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces. It covers nearly the same land area as the state of Texas, and had a population of 3.7 million in 2009. It became a province on September 1, 1905, on the same day as Saskatchewan.
http://wn.com/Alberta -
Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia -
Belgravia
Belgravia is a district of central London in the City of Westminster and the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Noted for its immensely expensive residential properties, it is one of the wealthiest districts in the world. The district lies to the south-west of Buckingham Palace, and is approximately bounded by Knightsbridge to the north (the street of that name, not the district), Grosvenor Place and Buckingham Palace Road to the east, Pimlico Road to the south, and Sloane Street to the west.
http://wn.com/Belgravia -
Blackstone, Virginia
Blackstone is a town in Nottoway County, Virginia, United States. The population was 3,675 at the 2000 census.
http://wn.com/Blackstone_Virginia -
Breslau
http://wn.com/Breslau -
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-quarter of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13 million square miles (34 million km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories.
http://wn.com/British_Empire -
Canada
Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
http://wn.com/Canada -
Cheka
The Cheka (ЧК - чрезвыча́йная коми́ссия Chrezvychaynaya Komissiya, Extraordinary Commission ) was the first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations. It was created by a decree issued on December 20, 1917, by Vladimir Lenin and subsequently led by aristocrat turned communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. After 1922, the Cheka underwent a series of reorganizations into bodies whose members continued to be referred to as "Chekisty" (Chekists) into the late 1980s.
http://wn.com/Cheka -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Cincinnati, Ohio
http://wn.com/Cincinnati_Ohio -
Costa Rica
:For the plant genus Costarica, see its synonym Sicyos.
http://wn.com/Costa_Rica -
Dehradun
Dehradun (Hindi: देहरादून), also sometimes spelled Dehra Doon, is the provisional capital city of the Uttarakhand state (earlier called Uttaranchal) in India, and the headquarters of Dehradun district.
http://wn.com/Dehradun -
Egypt
Egypt (; , Miṣr, ; Egyptian Arabic: مصر, Maṣr, ; Coptic: , ; Greek: Αίγυπτος, Aiguptos; Egyptian:
http://wn.com/Egypt -
El Salvador
El Salvador (; , literally meaning "Republic of The Savior") is the smallest and also the most densely populated country in Central America. It borders the Pacific Ocean between Guatemala and Honduras. It lies on the Gulf of Fonseca, as do Honduras and Nicaragua further south.
http://wn.com/El_Salvador -
Finland
Finland (pronounced ), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden on the west, Norway on the north and Russia on the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
http://wn.com/Finland -
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Gdynia
Gdynia (, ) is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland and an important seaport of Gdańsk Bay on the south coast of the Baltic Sea.
http://wn.com/Gdynia -
Genoa
Genoa ( , ; in Genoese and Ligurian: Zena, ; in Latin and, archaically, in English: Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. The city has a population of about 610,000 and the urban area has a population of about 900,000. Genoa's Metropolitan Area has a population of about 1,400,000. It is also called la Superba ("the Superb one") due to its glorious past. Part of the old city of Genoa was inscribed on the World Heritage List (UNESCO) in 2006 (see below). The city's rich art, music, gastronomy, architecture and history, made it 2004's EU Capital of culture.
http://wn.com/Genoa -
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
http://wn.com/Georgia_(US_state) -
Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
http://wn.com/Germany -
Great Britain
Great Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populated island on Earth. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.
http://wn.com/Great_Britain -
Guatemala
Guatemala (; , ) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Its area is 108,890 km² (42,043 mi²) with an estimated population of 13,276,517.
http://wn.com/Guatemala -
Hollywood Bowl
The Hollywood Bowl is a modern amphitheater in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles, California, United States that is used primarily for music performances. It has a seating capacity of 17,376.
http://wn.com/Hollywood_Bowl -
Honduras
Honduras (, , ) is a republic in Central America. It was formerly known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras (now Belize). The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea.
http://wn.com/Honduras -
Hungary
Hungary ( ), officially the Republic of Hungary (Magyar Köztársaság ), is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe, being part of the Finno-Ugric family.
http://wn.com/Hungary -
India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
http://wn.com/India -
Irish Free State
The Irish Free State () (1922–1937) was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand. On the day the Irish Free State was established, it comprised the entire island of Ireland, but Northern Ireland almost immediately exercised its right under the Treaty to opt out of the new state. The Irish Free State effectively replaced the self-proclaimed Irish Republic (itself established on 21 January 1919). Similarly, the new government of the Irish Free State replaced both the Provisional Government of Southern Ireland and the Government of the Irish Republic although W. T. Cosgrave, the first President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State had, in any event, led both governments since August 1922.
http://wn.com/Irish_Free_State -
Italy
Italy (; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a country located in south-central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia — the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea — and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, whilst Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.4 million inhabitants, it is the sixth most populous country in Europe, and the twenty-third most populous in the world.
http://wn.com/Italy -
Japan
Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon), officially the State of Japan ( or Nihon-koku), is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
http://wn.com/Japan -
Korea
Korea ( Hanguk or Joseon – South and North Korea, respectively (cf. etymology)) is a territory of East Asia that was formerly unified under one state, but now divided into two separate states and a region in northeastern Asia. Located on the Korean Peninsula, it is bordered by China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea).
http://wn.com/Korea -
KV62
KV62 is the tomb of Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings (Egypt) , which became famous for the wealth of treasure it contained. The tomb was discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter, underneath the remains of workmen's huts built during the Ramesside Period; this explains why it was spared from the worst of the tomb depredations of that time. KV is an abbreviation for the Valley of the Kings, followed by a number to designate individual tombs in the Valley.
http://wn.com/KV62 -
Lethbridge
Lethbridge () is a city in the province of Alberta, Canada, and the largest city in southern Alberta. It is Alberta's fourth-largest city by population after Calgary, Edmonton and Red Deer, and the third-largest by area after Calgary and Edmonton. The nearby Canadian Rockies contribute to the city's cool summers, mild winters, and windy climate. Lethbridge lies southeast of Calgary on the Oldman River.
http://wn.com/Lethbridge -
Libya
Libya ( ; Libyan vernacular: Lībya ; Amazigh: ), officially the '''Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ( , also translated as Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya'''), is a country located in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
http://wn.com/Libya -
London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
http://wn.com/London -
Malaysia
Malaysia (pronounced or ) is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of . The country is separated by the South China Sea into two regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo (also known as West and East Malaysia respectively). Malaysia shares land borders with Thailand, Indonesia, and Brunei and has maritime boundaries with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. The population as of 2009 stood at over 28 million.
http://wn.com/Malaysia -
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Most of its population of 6.6 million lives in the Boston metropolitan area. The eastern half of the state consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas, while Western Massachusetts is mostly rural. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and ranks third among U.S. states in GDP per capita.
http://wn.com/Massachusetts -
Melbourne, Australia
http://wn.com/Melbourne_Australia -
Misratah
http://wn.com/Misratah -
Monaco
Monaco , officially the Principality of Monaco (; Monégasque: Principatu de Múnegu; ; ), is a small sovereign city-state located in South Western Europe on the northern central coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is surrounded on three sides by its neighbour, France, and its centre is about from Italy. Its area is with an estimated population of almost 33,000.
http://wn.com/Monaco -
Morocco
Morocco (, al-Maġrib; Berber: Amerruk / Murakuc; French: Maroc), officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية, al-Mamlakah al-Maġribiyya), is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of nearly 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², including the disputed Western Sahara which is mainly under Moroccan administration. Morocco has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Spain to the north (a water border through the Strait and land borders with three small Spanish-controlled exclaves, Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera), Algeria to the east, and Mauritania to the south.
http://wn.com/Morocco -
Munich Kammerspiele
The Munich Kammerspiele (German: Münchner Kammerspiele) is a successful German language theatre in Munich. The Schauspielhaus in the Maximilianstrasse is the major stage.
http://wn.com/Munich_Kammerspiele -
Netherlands
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Netherlands -
NKVD
The '''People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs' ( Narodnyy komissariat vnutrennikh del''), abbreviated NKVD ( ) was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including political repression, during the era of Stalin.
http://wn.com/NKVD -
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
http://wn.com/Nobel_Peace_Prize -
Poland
Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous Slavic member.
http://wn.com/Poland -
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia that occupies the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory to the west, South Australia to the south-west and New South Wales to the south. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. The state is Australia's second largest by area, following Western Australia, and the country's third most populous after New South Wales and Victoria.
http://wn.com/Queensland -
Rome
Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
http://wn.com/Rome -
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony ( ; ) is a state of Germany, located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area (18,413 km²) and the sixth largest in population (4.3 million), of Germany's sixteen states.
http://wn.com/Saxony -
Shandong Peninsula
The Shāndōng Peninsula () also known as the Jiāodōng Peninsula (胶东半岛; 膠東半島) is a peninsula in the Shāndōng province of northeastern China. It marks the southern limit of the Bóhăi Sea.
http://wn.com/Shandong_Peninsula -
Shantou
Shantou (; ; POJ: Sòaⁿ-thâu; also historically known as Swátōw or Suátao) is a city of 4,971,000 permanent inhabitants (as at end 2006) in coastal Eastern Guangdong, China, occupying an area of 2,064 km2. With it and the immediately surrounding cities of Jieyang and Chaozhou, the metropolitan region – known as Chaoshan – covers an area of 10,404 km2, and had a permanent population of 13,139,800 at the end of 2006.
http://wn.com/Shantou -
Siberia
Siberia ( ), is a vast region, constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union (USSR) from its beginning, as the preceding Russian Empire conquered it in the 16th century.
http://wn.com/Siberia -
Smyrna
Smyrna () was an ancient city located at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Thanks to its advantageous port conditions, its ease of defence and its good inland connections, Smyrna rose to prominence. The ancient city is located at two sites within modern Izmir, Turkey. While the first site, likely to have started as a native foundation, rose to prominence during the Archaic Period as one of the principal ancient Greek settlements in western Anatolia, the second, whose foundation is associated with Alexander the Great, reached metropolitan proportions especially during the period of the Roman Empire, from which time and particularly from after a 2nd century AD earthquake, most of the present-day remains date.
http://wn.com/Smyrna -
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK, , ) and sometimes referred to simply as Korea, is a state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, and North Korea to the north. Its capital is Seoul. South Korea lies in a temperate climate region with a predominantly mountainous terrain. Its territory covers a total area of 99,392 square kilometers and has a population of .
http://wn.com/South_Korea -
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, , abbreviated СССР, SSSR), informally known as the Soviet Union () or Soviet Russia, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
http://wn.com/Soviet_Union -
The Bronx
http://wn.com/The_Bronx -
Ukrainian SSR
http://wn.com/Ukrainian_SSR -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
http://wn.com/United_Kingdom -
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States -
USS Langley (CV-1)
{|
http://wn.com/USS_Langley_(CV-1) -
Valley of the Kings
The Valley of the Kings (, less often وادي بيبان الملوك Wādī Bībān al-Mulūk; "Valley of the Gates of the Kings") is a valley in Egypt where, for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, tombs were constructed for the Pharaohs and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom (the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Dynasties of Ancient Egypt).
http://wn.com/Valley_of_the_Kings -
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C. (), formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States, founded on July 16, 1790. Article One of the United States Constitution provides for a federal district, distinct from the states, to serve as the permanent national capital. The City of Washington was originally a separate municipality within the federal territory until an act of Congress in 1871 established a single, unified municipal government for the whole District. It is for this reason that the city, while legally named the District of Columbia, is known as Washington, D.C. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washington, which is located on the country's Pacific coast.
http://wn.com/Washington_DC -
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic (, ) is the name given by historians to the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government. It was named after Weimar, the city where the constitutional assembly took place. Its official name was Deutsches Reich (sometimes translated as German Empire, but Reich can also mean realm or federal level of government), however, and it was usually known in English simply as Germany. Following World War I, the republic emerged from the German Revolution in November 1918. In 1919, a national assembly convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the German Reich was written, then adopted on 11 August of that same year. Germany's period of liberal democracy lapsed in the early 1930s, leading to the ascent of the NSDAP and Adolf Hitler in 1933. Although the constitution of 1919 was never officially repealed, the legal measures taken by the Nazi government in February and March 1933, commonly known as Gleichschaltung ("coordination") meant that the government could legislate contrary to the constitution. The constitution became irrelevant; thus, 1933 is usually seen as the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of Hitler's Third Reich.
http://wn.com/Weimar_Republic -
White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage.
http://wn.com/White_House -
Wyoming
Wyoming is a state in the Western United States. The western two thirds of the state is mostly covered by the mountain ranges and rangelands in the foothills of the Eastern Rocky Mountains, while the eastern third of the state is high elevation prairie known as the High Plains. While the tenth largest U.S. state by area, Wyoming is the least populous, with a U.S. Census estimated population of 544,270 in 2009. This is a 5.9% increase since 2000. The capital and the most populous city of Wyoming is Cheyenne.
http://wn.com/Wyoming
- 1838
- 1839
- 1840
- 1845
- 1847
- 1848
- 1849
- 1851
- 1854
- 1855
- 1856
- 1857
- 1860
- 1861
- 1863
- 1864
- 1865
- 1866
- 1868
- 1870
- 1871
- 1872
- 1874
- 1880
- 1881
- 1882
- 1884
- 1887
- 1888
- 1890
- 1892
- 1894
- 1922 Committee
- 1922 Swatow typhoon
- 1959
- 1965
- 1969
- 1970
- 1973
- 1975
- 1976
- 1978
- 1979
- 1983
- 1984
- 1985
- 1986
- 1987
- 1988
- 1989
- 1990
- 1991
- 1992
- 1993
- 1994
- 1995
- 1996
- 1998
- 1999
- 2000
- 2001
- 2002
- 2003
- 2004
- 2005
- 2006
- 2007
- 2008
- 2009
- 2010
- 2011
- 2LO
- Aage Bohr
- AAGPBL
- Abdul Mejid II
- Agostinho Neto
- Ahmed Sékou Touré
- aircraft carrier
- Alan Voorhees
- Albert Lamorisse
- Alberta
- Alberto Granado
- Ali Akbar Khan
- Alistair MacLean
- Amiens
- Amur Tiger
- Andrey Markov
- Anglo-Irish Treaty
- Anglo-Irish War
- Anker Jørgensen
- Annabelle Lee
- April 1
- April 10
- April 13
- April 14
- April 15
- April 16
- April 19
- April 2
- April 22
- April 23
- April 24
- April 27
- April 28
- April 3
- April 4
- April 5
- April 7
- April 9
- Arpad Goncz
- arsenic
- Arthur Batanides
- Arthur Griffith
- Arthur Nikisch
- August 12
- August 14
- August 15
- August 17
- August 2
- August 21
- August 22
- August 23
- August 24
- August 27
- August 28
- August 29
- August 3
- August 5
- August 8
- Australia
- Ava Gardner
- Balmain
- Baragoola
- Barbara Bel Geddes
- Barbary Lion
- Basmachi
- Beatrice Arthur
- Belgravia
- Benito Mussolini
- Bert Williams
- Bertolt Brecht
- Betty White
- Bill Kaysing
- Blackshirts
- Blackstone, Virginia
- Bolshevik
- Bolshevik Russia
- Bombay
- Breslau
- British Empire
- Bronisław Malinowski
- Burke Marshall
- Caliph
- Canada
- Carl Reiner
- Charita Bauer
- Charles Mingus
- Charles Schulz
- Charles Socarides
- Charlie Sifford
- Cheka
- Chen Ning Yang
- China
- Christiaan Barnard
- Christian Dotremont
- Christopher Hewett
- Cincinnati, Ohio
- Claire Schillace
- Claude Helffer
- Coleen Gray
- commissioner
- Connie Wisniewski
- Costa Rica
- Crown Prince
- Cyd Charisse
- Daimler Airway
- Darren McGavin
- de Havilland DH.18
- Decapitation
- December 11
- December 12
- December 13
- December 14
- December 16
- December 17
- December 2
- December 20
- December 21
- December 22
- December 23
- December 24
- December 28
- December 29
- December 30
- December 5
- December 6
- December 9
- Dehradun
- Denholm Elliott
- Denis Norden
- DeWitt Wallace
- diabetes
- Dilip Kumar
- Dina Pathak
- documentary film
- dollar
- Don Tennant
- Dorothy Dandridge
- Drums in the Night
- Dáil Éireann
- Earl W. Bascom
- Eduard Seler
- Edward VIII
- Edythe Perlick
- Egon Bahr
- Egypt
- El Salvador
- Eleanor Coerr
- Elmer Bernstein
- Enrico Banducci
- Enrico Berlinguer
- Enver Pasha
- Erich Hartmann
- Ernest Hollings
- Ernest Shackleton
- Ernesto Bonino
- Ernst Tandefelt
- Eskimo Pie
- Ethnology
- Eugenie Clark
- Farman F.60
- Fascism
- February 1
- February 10
- February 12
- February 13
- February 14
- February 15
- February 17
- February 18
- February 2
- February 22
- February 24
- February 25
- February 26
- February 27
- February 28
- February 3
- February 5
- February 6
- February 8
- February 9
- Felice Chiusano
- Finland
- Floyd Levin
- Fontainebleau
- France
- Franjo Tudjman
- fraud
- Fredrik Bajer
- Fridtjof Nansen
- Fuad I of Egypt
- G.I. Gurdjieff
- Gabriel Narutowicz
- Gale Storm
- Gdynia
- Genoa
- Genoa Conference
- George Kell
- Georges Sorel
- Georgia (U.S. state)
- Gerda Boyesen
- German Papiermark
- Germany
- Giovanni Verga
- Gordon Tullock
- Great Britain
- Great Fire of Smyrna
- Gregorian calendar
- grizzly bear
- Guatemala
- guillotine
- Guy Madison
- Géza Gárdonyi
- Hal Clement
- Hammer DeRoburt
- Hannes Hafstein
- Hans Fruhstorfer
- Hans Georg Dehmelt
- Har Gobind Khorana
- Harding Lemay
- Harry Boland
- Heikki Ritavuori
- Helen Gurley Brown
- Henri Désiré Landru
- Herald Sun
- Hermann Rorschach
- Hoang Minh Chinh
- Hollywood Bowl
- Honduras
- Horatio Bottomley
- Howard Moss
- Howard Zinn
- Hungary
- Hyperinflation
- Iannis Xenakis
- Igor Stravinsky
- India
- insulin
- Irish Civil War
- Irish Free State
- Irish Republic
- István Kühár
- Italian Fascism
- Italy
- Itubwa Amram
- İzmir
- Jacinto Benavente
- Jack Kerouac
- Jack Klugman
- Jackie Cooper
- Jackson Mac Low
- Jacobus Kapteyn
- Jakucho Setouchi
- James Joyce
- James Lopez Watson
- Jan Nieuwenhuys
- January 1
- January 10
- January 11
- January 12
- January 13
- January 15
- January 16
- January 17
- January 19
- January 21
- January 22
- January 23
- January 24
- January 26
- January 27
- January 28
- January 29
- January 30
- January 5
- January 7
- January 8
- January 9
- Japan
- Jean-Pierre Rampal
- Jim Laker
- Joe Gilmore
- Joey Maxim
- John Bayard Anderson
- John Butler Yeats
- John Chafee
- John Martin Poyer
- John Wanamaker
- Jokichi Takamine
- Joseph Stalin
- Josephine Kabick
- José Saramago
- Judy Garland
- Julian calendar
- Julius Nyerere
- July 11
- July 13
- July 15
- July 17
- July 18
- July 19
- July 20
- July 21
- July 22
- July 27
- July 3
- July 31
- July 4
- July 6
- June 1
- June 10
- June 11
- June 14
- June 18
- June 19
- June 2
- June 20
- June 22
- June 24
- June 26
- June 28
- June 29
- June 4
- June 6
- Kai Winding
- Karl Aage Præst
- Karl I of Austria
- Kathryn Grayson
- KGU
- King of Cambodia
- King of Egypt
- Kingsley Amis
- Korea
- Kurt Vonnegut
- KV62
- Lane Kirkland
- League of Nations
- Leo Gordon
- Leo Tindemans
- Leon M. Lederman
- Leonel Brizola
- Leser v. Garnett
- Lethbridge
- Libya
- Lila Wallace
- Lillian Russell
- Lima Barreto
- Lincoln Memorial
- London
- Lou Duva
- Luigi Giussani
- Lukas Foss
- Lyndon LaRouche
- Madelyn Dunham
- Malaysia
- Mandate of Palestine
- Marcel Proust
- March 1
- March 11
- March 12
- March 13
- March 15
- March 16
- March 17
- March 18
- March 20
- March 21
- March 22
- March 23
- March 24
- March 27
- March 28
- March 31
- March 4
- March 5
- March 8
- March 9
- March on Rome
- Margaret Leighton
- Marie Lloyd
- Marjorie Cameron
- Marshall Teague
- Martha O'Driscoll
- Massachusetts
- Maurice Riel
- Max Wagenknecht
- May 1
- May 10
- May 11
- May 12
- May 13
- May 14
- May 15
- May 18
- May 19
- May 21
- May 22
- May 25
- May 27
- May 28
- May 29
- May 3
- May 30
- May 31
- May 4
- May 5
- May 7
- Mehmed VI
- Mel Fisher
- Melbourne, Australia
- meteorite
- Michael Ainsworth
- Micheline Ostermeyer
- Misratah
- Mizuki Shigeru
- Mohandas Gandhi
- Mollie Sugden
- Molly Pitcher Club
- Mona Lisa (actress)
- Monaco
- Mongo Santamaria
- Morocco
- Mujibur Rahman
- Munich Kammerspiele
- Nancy Walker
- Nanook of the North
- Nellie Bly
- Netherlands
- Nicholas Katzenbach
- Niels Bohr
- Nikolay Basov
- NKVD
- Nobel Peace Prize
- Norman Lear
- Norodom Sihanouk
- Nosferatu
- November 1
- November 11
- November 12
- November 14
- November 15
- November 16
- November 17
- November 18
- November 19
- November 21
- November 23
- November 24
- November 25
- November 26
- November 30
- November 4
- November 6
- November 7
- November 8
- November 9
- October 1
- October 15
- October 18
- October 19
- October 22
- October 23
- October 25
- October 26
- October 27
- October 28
- October 30
- October 31
- October 5
- October 7
- October 9
- Okuma Shigenobu
- Otl Aicher
- Otto Fritz Meyerhof
- Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman sultan
- Pablo Picasso
- Paris
- Patrick Macnee
- Patrick Suppes
- Paul Scofield
- Petroleum
- Pharaoh
- photojournalist
- Phyllis Koehn
- Pier Paolo Pasolini
- Piet Moeskops
- Poix-de-Picardie
- Poland
- pope
- Pope Benedict XV
- Pope Pius XI
- Poul Bundgaard
- Povel Ramel
- Prekmurians
- Premier of Quebec
- President of Croatia
- President of Hungary
- President of Ireland
- President of Nauru
- Prime Minister
- Prince of Wales
- protectorate
- Quartetto Cetra
- Queensland
- Quinn Martin
- radio
- Ralph H. Baer
- Raymond Devos
- Reader's Digest
- Rebecca Felton
- Red Army
- Redd Foxx
- Renata Tebaldi
- René Cresté
- René Lévesque
- Richard E. Cunha
- Richard Kiley
- Robert Alan Aurthur
- Robert J. Flaherty
- Robert Sumner
- Robert W. Holley
- Roman numerals
- Rome
- Russ Meyer
- Salli Terri
- Sam Thompson
- Sandy Kenyon
- Sanford and Son
- Sarah L. Winchester
- Saxony
- sedition
- September 1
- September 10
- September 11
- September 12
- September 13
- September 15
- September 17
- September 18
- September 22
- September 24
- September 25
- September 26
- September 29
- September 3
- September 4
- September 7
- September 8
- September 9
- Sergei Diaghilev
- Shandong Peninsula
- Shantou
- Shelagh Fraser
- shilling
- Siberia
- Sid Caesar
- Sidney Mintz
- Sigma Gamma Rho
- Sir Christopher Lee
- Slovenes
- Smyrna
- Son, Byong-Hi
- Sosuke Uno
- South Korea
- Soviet Union
- Stan Lee
- Stefan Wul
- Steffan Danielsen
- Steven Hill
- Stoyanka Mutafova
- sultan
- Susanna Agnelli
- Sylvia Beach
- Tadeusz Żychiewicz
- Tata Giacobetti
- Teapot Dome
- Teapot Dome scandal
- Telly Savalas
- Terence Kilmartin
- The Bronx
- The Ring (magazine)
- The Webb Schools
- Third Dáil
- Thomas E. Watson
- Thomas Kuhn
- Tom Finney
- Tommy Cooper
- treasure hunter
- Tun Abdul Razak
- Tun Hussein Onn
- Tutankhamun
- Ukrainian SSR
- Ulysses (novel)
- United Kingdom
- United States
- United States Navy
- United States Senate
- USS Langley (CV-1)
- Valley of the Kings
- Vance Bourjaily
- Vasko Popa
- Vegemite
- Veronica Lake
- Viktor Kingissepp
- Vitaly Popkov
- Vittorio Gassmann
- Vittorio Monti
- Vivian Kellogg
- Vladivostok
- vote
- W. T. Cosgrave
- Walter Parr
- Walter Rathenau
- Warren G. Harding
- Warwick Kerr
- Washington, D.C.
- Weimar Republic
- White House
- Wilfrid Scawen Blunt
- William Baumol
- William Davidson
- William Gaddis
- William Gaines
- William Manchester
- William Schallert
- WLW
- World War I
- World War II
- Wyoming
- Yamagata Aritomo
- Yevgeny Matveyev
- Yitzhak Rabin
- Yma Súmac
- Yuri Knorozov
- Yvonne De Carlo
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Charlie Parr - 1922
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Published: 30 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 08 Feb 2012
- Author: springfedmusic
2008-01-27 Ed's (No Name) Bar Winona, MN Soundboard Audio Recording To Download the audio, visit www.archive.org
http://wn.com/Charlie_Parr__1922
Kodak 1922 Kodachrome Film Test
A sample of some of the earliest color motion picture film you will see. Visit Kodak's A Thousand Words blog for a post about the video: 1000words.kodak.com Music: Killer Tracks CD entitled: KT223 (Inspire). First track used is called "Breath," the second is called "Kindle." This footage is from the George Eastman House collections. Preservation was completed by the museum's Motion Picture Department, a project of Sabrina Negri, a student in Eastman House's L. Jeffrey Selznick School of Film Preservation and a recipient of the Haghefilm Foundation Fellowship.
http://wn.com/Kodak_1922_Kodachrome_Film_Test
World's First Mobile Phone (1922)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:59
- Published: 16 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Feb 2012
- Author: britishpathe
World's First Mobile Phone (1922). Found by a researcher in the Pathe vaults, this clip from 1922 shows that 90 years ago, mobile phone technology and music on the move was not only being thought of but being trialled. Reported in the Daily Telegraph, May 2010. We wrote the following blog post with links to this video's coverage in the media and information about it from a former Royal Signals Officer Simon Atkins: britishpathe.wordpress.com We believe this clip was shot in New York. Subscribe to British Pathe: www.youtube.com Follow us on Twitter: @britishpathe (www.twitter.com Join us on Facebook: www.facebook.com All 90000 British Pathe reels can be viewed and enjoyed on: www.britishpathe.com
http://wn.com/World's_First_Mobile_Phone_1922
Nosferatu (1922) - Full Movie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 84:20
- Published: 03 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 12 Feb 2012
- Author: LuckyStrike502
Originally released in 1922 as Nosferatu, Eine Symphonie Des Grauens, director FW Murnau's chilling and eerie adaption of Stoker's Dracula is a silent masterpiece of terror which to this day is the most striking and frightening portrayal of the legend. Nosferatu is in the public domain, and can be downloaded here for free: www.archive.org
http://wn.com/Nosferatu_1922__Full_Movie
Smyrna 1922
"One of the keenest impressions which I brought away with me from Smyrna was a feeling of shame that I belonged to the human race." US. Consul at Smyrna, George Horton The Smyrna affair...has been somehow soft-pedaled and almost expunged from the memory of present day man." Henry Miller It's because of the truth of the Henry Miller statement that I commemorate Symrna & it victims by highlighting the 1978 Greek film by Nikos Koundouros called "1922", which tries to give some idea of what happened to it's Greek & Armenian population. No fictional film can convey the real horrors of what really happen there, yet even so the film is so harrowing that the only scene I can really show is this clip of where a Greek in hiding goes to hand himself over to a Turkish general. For further accounts of this all but forgotten tragedy, I recommend the Marjorie Housepian Dobkin book "Smyrna 1922: The Destruction of a City", and also the book "The Blight of Asia" written by George Horton, who was the American Consul at the time & an eyewitness to the terrible events.
http://wn.com/Smyrna_1922
1922 - Full Dark, No Stars by Stephen King - Part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:33
- Published: 15 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Feb 2012
- Author: futureshorts
Director: Stefan Stuckert / UK / 2010 To celebrate the launch of Stephen King's new book Full Dark, No Stars, Future Shorts and Hodder and Stoughton have worked with four of the most exciting directors in the Future Shorts network to create four film trailers ahead of the release. Set in Nebraska in 1922, 1922 is the story of confession and retribution...
http://wn.com/1922__Full_Dark,_No_Stars_by_Stephen_King__Part_1
The Turkish National Liberation War (1921-1922) - Part 1
The True Story of Turkish National Liberation War Against Imperialism by the leadership of great savior genius hero Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.This incredible holy struggle against imperialism became an example to other enslaved nations such as India, Algeria, Morocco and so on...
http://wn.com/The_Turkish_National_Liberation_War_1921-1922__Part_1
Nosferatu 1922 Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:14
- Published: 24 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 10 Feb 2012
- Author: TheNosferatuMysteria
Rodolfo Valentino - movie "Blood and Sand" (1922)
Beautiful scene from 1922 silent movie "Blood and Sand", starring amazing Rudolph Valentino
http://wn.com/Rodolfo_Valentino__movie_Blood_and_Sand_1922
So It Goes. (Kurt Vonnegut 1922 - 2007)
A video tribute to our hero, Kurt Vonnegut. www.mepreport.com
http://wn.com/So_It_Goes_Kurt_Vonnegut_1922__2007
CineMassacre's Monster Madness #2 Nosferatu (1922)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:31
- Published: 02 Oct 2007
- Uploaded: 11 Feb 2012
- Author: Cinemassacre
Monster Madness T-Shirts now available! www.cinemassacrestore.com
http://wn.com/CineMassacre's_Monster_Madness_#2_Nosferatu_1922
The Toll of the Sea (1922) 1/5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:45
- Published: 19 Jun 2007
- Uploaded: 07 Feb 2012
- Author: silentfilmdemocracy
Directed by Chester M. Franklin Anna May Wong - Lotus Flower Kenneth Harlan - Allen Carver Loosely based on Puccini's opera Madame Butterfly.
http://wn.com/The_Toll_of_the_Sea_1922_1/5
Blood and Sand (1922) Rudolph Valentino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:40
- Published: 10 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 06 Feb 2012
- Author: tengirlsago
Rudolph Valentino & Nita Naldi in 'Blood and Sand.'
http://wn.com/Blood_and_Sand_1922_Rudolph_Valentino
Erich Von Stroheim's FOOLISH WIVES (1922)-Part 1 on 15
The 130 minutes version left of reported 6 hour long film. more info on www.imdb.com to download a better copy, go there: www.archive.org
http://wn.com/Erich_Von_Stroheim's_FOOLISH_WIVES_1922-Part_1_on_15
The Original Movie (1922)
Directed by Tony Sarg, photographed and edited by Herbert M. Dawley. "Satire about the birth of moviemaking" preserved by Academy Film Archive, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. National Film Preservation Foundation; scored by Martin Marks.
http://wn.com/The_Original_Movie_1922
Complete Inuit shaman life story 1922
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:28
- Published: 28 Sep 2006
- Uploaded: 08 Feb 2012
- Author: isumaproductions
Scene from The Journals of Knud Rasmussen. Download the full movie pay-what-you-can on our website, www.isuma.tv. Visit our website, dedicated to Indigenous media from around the world. Now with over 2600 videos in more than 46 languages. Hello all! It's been awhile since our channel has seen activity from us. This is changing. We will soon be starting to share with you some of our favorite videos from our website www.isuma.tv on this channel. We will also be posting information about some of the really interesting projects our team is working on these days. Stay tuned! And don't forget to check our website, there is much more there.
http://wn.com/Complete_Inuit_shaman_life_story_1922
The Four Musicians of Breman (1922)
An early but fun Laugh-o-Gram short based on a forgotten fairy tale, all done by Mr. Disney back in the day. Quite enjoyable.
http://wn.com/The_Four_Musicians_of_Breman_1922
MIRAN Pastourma Soujouk from 1922
The MIRAN company was established in 1922 by Miran Kourounlian, who created a small unit of pastourma and soutzouki production for the good service of some devotee friends of his. The quality of the good pastourma and soutzouki was spread all over the country. The quality and the unique taste of the Miran's products became a way of life for the lovers of the kind. 1950 was a determinant year for the company's future. An exemplar factory for the production of traditional products was created. In that way the distribution of the MIRAN products begins in all the country areas even in the most far away. In 1960 Bedros, the founder's son takes over the company, and he increases the gamut of the products and enforces the company's presence in North Greece. In 1983 the factory expands and a unit in an area of 1300 m2 is created, where the two main products of the company, pastourma and soutzouki, are produced massively. The MIRAN firm becomes similar to quality and tradition. In 1994 the company is being transferred in the hands of the two Bedros's sons, Miran and Krikor, who upgrade the present distribution center of products, fully educate the staff, computerize the accounts department, and the most important thing, they manage to obtain an export code of the products in the European Union and the third countries. Today the MIRAN company is the biggest in her kind in whole Europe.
http://wn.com/MIRAN_Pastourma_Soujouk_from_1922
Nosferatu (1922) Part 4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:02
- Published: 26 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 03 Feb 2012
- Author: darkwizardmatoya
Part 4. This is a public domain movie.
http://wn.com/Nosferatu_1922_Part_4
Kristin Thompson on La roue (1922, dir. Abel Gance)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:02
- Published: 18 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 09 Feb 2012
- Author: alsolikelife
Video essay on La roue (1922, dir. Abel Gance) featuring commentary by Kristin Thompson, author of The Frodo Franchise and co-author of Film Art: An Introduction and Film History: An Introduction. Part of the Shooting Down Pictures project. For more information on La roue, visit alsolikelife.com SCHOLARS AND STUDENTS: If referencing this video for scholarship, please cite as "Kristin Thompson and Kevin B. Lee. Shooting Down Pictures video essay on Abel Gance's La roue." La roue is available on Flicker Alley DVD THIS VIDEO UTILIZES COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL UNDER THE FAIR USE PROVISIONS OF THE DIGITAL MILLENNIUM COPYRIGHT ACT.
http://wn.com/Kristin_Thompson_on_La_roue_1922,_dir_Abel_Gance
Henry Burr - Time After Time (1922)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:45
- Published: 04 Feb 2010
- Uploaded: 10 Jan 2012
- Author: edmundusrex
Henry Burr (Jan.15,1882 - April 6,1941) was a Canadian singer of popular songs from the early part of the early 20th century, early radio performer and producer. He was born Harry Haley McClaskey and used Henry Burr as one of his many pseudonyms, in addition to Irving Gillette, Harry Haley, Henry Gillette, Alfred Alexander, Robert Rice, Carl Ely, Harry Barr, Frank Knapp, Harry Haley, Al King, and Shamus McClaskey.[ He was one of the first singers to make popular acoustic recordings and one of the most prolific recording artists of all time, with more than 12000 recordings by his own estimate. A tenor, he performed as a soloist and also in duets, trios and quartets. His most famous collaboration was the Peerless Quartet. His vocal talents were recognized early and by the age 13 he was performing as a boy tenor with the Artillery Band in the nearby city of Saint John. Perhaps doubting that he could make a career in music, he later attended Mt. Allison Academy in Sackville, New Brunswick, and afterwards worked for his father. On April 14, 1901, he appeared at the opera house in Saint John in his first notable concert with the Scottish soprano Jessie MacLachlan. On September 30, 1901 he was discovered by the Metropolitan Opera baritone Giuseppe Campanari who was in St. John to perform at the St. John Opera House. Campanari insisted that McClaskey go to New York for musical training. Emboldened by Campanari's endorsement, McClaskey ventured to New York in 1902, where he began <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Henry_Burr__Time_After_Time_1922
A Working Pallophotophone - 1922 audio recording method
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:30
- Published: 13 May 2010
- Uploaded: 11 Feb 2012
- Author: EdisonTechCenter
History in Audio Recording: The only working pallophone in the world(2010), plays back the earliest radio station recordings ever made. It used light bouncing off a tiny mirror to expose a strip of film. A photoelectric cell is used to read the recordings. The film recorded waveforms of sound as tiny black stripes. Demonstration on kodak acetate film. Invented by Charles Hoxie, this lead to the RCA Photophone motion picture system. The machine was built by Russ DeMuth of the GE Global Research Center in 2009-2010. Research and presentation by Chris Hunter of the Schenectady Museum. WGY was recorded in 1922, hear the NBC chimes which started at WGY Radio Station. WGY reached an audience as far away as South Africa and was the voice of General Electric. The pallophotophone preceded magnetic recording. A strip of audio was used along side film to do sound with film. By 1927 the "Jazz Singer" came out which was the first sound film in the entertainment industry.
http://wn.com/A_Working_Pallophotophone__1922_audio_recording_method
Creative Commons / Langec
Creative Commons / Fedi
Creative Commons / Antoni Gaudí
Creative Commons / HCKOESTER
Creative Commons / SLQbot
Creative Commons / Cybergothiche
Creative Commons / SLQbot
Creative Commons / NACA
Creative Commons / Burkeanwhig
Creative Commons
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / Leonce
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / Nk
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / Juliancolton
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / Bakkai
Public Domain / F. Muller
Creative Commons / Antonio Sebastiani
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / Joe Mabel
Creative Commons / Burr December
Creative Commons
Creative Commons / (C) Caplio R2 User
Creative Commons / Das
WN / Generic User- WN / Generic User
- WN / Generic User
Creative Commons / GK tramrunner
photo: GFDL / Poco a poco
20 Feb 2012
Visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park this year will find new water-bottle refilling stations, a South Rim bicycle rental and bike-tour operation is expected to open, a multiuse trail is expected...
Most Popular
-
Russia's Putin warns West not to meddle
Daily Press
-
Are Palestinians Victims of Terror and Displaced Guilt?
WorldNews.com
-
1 killed, 4 wounded in school shooting in Ohio
Austin American Statesman
-
Costa cruise ship adrift off Seychelles
France24
-
Taliban bomber kills nine at NATO base over Koran
Jakarta Globe
RELATED LINKS
- 1837
- 1838
- 1839
- 1840
- 1845
- 1847
- 1848
- 1849
- 1851
- 1854
- 1855
- 1856
- 1857
- 1860
- 1861
- 1863
- 1864
- 1865
- 1866
- 1868
- 1870
- 1871
- 1872
- 1874
- 1880
- 1881
- 1882
- 1884
- 1887
- 1888
- 1890
- 1892
- 1894
- 1922 Committee
- 1922 Swatow typhoon
- 1959
- 1965
- 1969
- 1970
- 1973
- 1975
- 1976
- 1978
- 1979
- 1983
- 1984
- 1985
- 1986
- 1987
- 1988
- 1989
- 1990
- 1991
- 1992
- 1993
- 1994
- 1995
- 1996
- 1998
- 1999
Canada Dot Com
Ninety years after it was covered up by a building, a "ghost sign" for a 1922 movie has reappeared at Granville and Robson. The sign promotes the Harold Lloyd comedy Grandma's Boy, which played at the Capitol theatre Oct. 2-7, 1922. The sign is painted onto the north wall of the Power block at 817...(size: 2.7Kb)
Barney Rosset, 1922 - 2012
22 Feb 2012
IMDb
From John Gall, art director for Vintage and Anchor Books, comes word that legendary publisher and film distributor Barney Rosset has passed...(size: 0.9Kb)
BBC News
The names of Protestant orphan boys burnt out of their residential home in Connemara during the Irish Civil War have been published for the first time. The orphanage at Ballyconree, Clifden, was burned down by anti-Treaty republican forces...(size: 1.6Kb)
Lauretta Regan Darre, 1922-2012
20 Feb 2012
Chicago Tribune
During her nearly two decades working for Sears, Roebuck & Co., Lauretta Regan Darre's job was to make sure young ladies were well-dressed — and well-mannered. Serving as a fashion consultant in the 1960s and '70s, Mrs. Darre helped select clothing lines and oversaw fashion shows. She also...(size: 2.9Kb)
The Gleaner
Mayer Matalon, arguably Jamaica's most lauded businessman, was laid to rest yesterday at the Jewish Cemetery on Orange Street following a service of thanksgiving at the Sha'are Shalom Synagogue in Kingston. Hundreds of mourners attended the synagogue on Duke Street in downtown Kingston to pay their...(size: 2.8Kb)
Burton R. Abrahams, 1922-2012
07 Feb 2012
Chicago Tribune
Commercial finance expert Burton R. Abrahams helped his Chicago company expand its business...(size: 0.6Kb)
January 10th, 1922
10 Jan 2012
Irish Times
FROM THE ARCHIVES:�Following the D�ils ratification of the Treaty by seven votes on January 7th, 1922 this report sought to gauge opinion throughout the country. MESSAGES continue to reach us indicating the satisfaction felt in all parts of the country with Dail Eireann's approval of the Treaty....(size: 2.9Kb)
__NOTOC__
Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
January 7 – Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes.
January 8 – The Social Democratic Youth League of Norway is founded.
January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann.
January 11 – The first successful insulin treatment of diabetes is made.
January 12 – The British government releases the remaining Irish prisoners captured in the War of Independence.
January 13 – The flu epidemic has claimed 804 victims in Britain.
January 15 – Michael Collins becomes Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government.
January 22 – Pope Benedict XV dies.
January 24 – Christian K. Nelson patents the ''Eskimo Pie''.
January 26 – Italian forces occupy Misurata in Libya. The reconquest of Libya begins.
January 29 – The union of Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador is dissolved.
February – ''Ring Magazine'' is first published.
February 1 – American actor William Desmond Taylor is murdered.
February 2 – ''Ulysses'', by James Joyce, is published in Paris on his 40th birthday by Sylvia Beach.
February 5 – DeWitt and Lila Wallace publish the first issue of ''Reader's Digest''.
February 6
* Pope Pius XI (Achille Ratti) succeeds Pope Benedict XV as the 259th pope.
* Five Power Naval Disarmament Treaty signed between United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy
February 8
* President of the United States Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House.
* In the Soviet Union, the Cheka becomes the GPU, a section of the NKVD.
February 14 – Finnish Minister of the Interior Heikki Ritavuori is assassinated by Ernst Tandefelt.
February 14 Baragoola, last of the Binngarra style Manly ferries, is launched at Balmain
February 15 – Inaugural session of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ).
February 22 – Following intense nationalist agitation after World War I, Great Britain proclaims Egypt formally independent but continues to occupy the country militarily and control its politics.
February 25 – Murderer Henri Désiré Landru is beheaded by the guillotine.
February 27 – A challenge to the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, allowing women the right to vote, is rebuffed by the Supreme Court of the United States.
February 28 – The United Kingdom ends its protectorate over Egypt through a Unilateral Declaration of Independence.
March 1
* An ice mass breaks the Oder Dam in Breslau.
* The British Civil Aviation Authority is established.
March 4 – The movie Nosferatu was released.
March 11 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested in Bombay for sedition.
March 13 – Prince of Wales Edward inaugurates the ''Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College'' in Dehradun, India, marking a capitulation of the British Empire to growing pressure for the Indianization of the Officer Cadre of the British Indian Army.
March 15 – Egypt having gained nominal independence from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.
March 18 – In India, Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to 6 years in prison for sedition (he serves only 2 years).
March 20 – The USS ''Langley'' is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.
March 22 – Radio station WLW in Cincinnati, Ohio begins broadcasting.
March 23 – Queensland, Australia abolishes the Legislative Council (Upper House).
April 3 – Joseph Stalin is appointed General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party.
April 7
* Teapot Dome scandal: The United States Secretary of the Interior leases Teapot Dome oil reserves in Wyoming.
* The first midair collision occurs, between a Daimler Airway de Havilland DH.18 and a Compagnie des Grands Express Aériens Farman Goliath over Poix-de-Picardie, Amiens, France.
April 10 – The historic Genoa Conference commences in Genoa. The representatives of 34 countries convene to speak about monetary economics in the wake of World War I.
April 13 – The State of Massachusetts opens all public offices to women.
April 15 – The United Kingdom's Prince of Wales visits the Japanese paramilitary youth group ''Seinendan'' in annexed Korea.
April 16 – The Treaty of Rapallo marks a rapprochement between the Weimar Republic and Bolshevik Russia.
April 22 – The Lambda Chapter of the Joe Whelan Sorority, Incorporated (the first chapter of a black sorority in New York State) is chartered.
May 5 – In The Bronx, construction begins on Yankee Stadium.
May 11 – Radio station KGU begins broadcasting in Hawaii.
May 12 – A 20-ton meteorite lands near Blackstone, Virginia, USA.
May 18 – Sergei Diaghilev, James Joyce, Pablo Picasso, Marcel Proust and Igor Stravinsky dine together in Paris, at the Majestic hotel, their only joint meeting.
May 19 – The Young Pioneer organization of the Soviet Union is established.
May 29 – British Liberal MP Horatio Bottomley is jailed for seven years for fraud.
May 30 – In Washington, D.C., the Lincoln Memorial is dedicated.
June 1
* The Royal Ulster Constabulary is officially founded.
* Bolshevik forces defeat Basmachi troops under Enver Pasha.
June 11 – U.S. première of Robert J. Flaherty's ''Nanook of the North'', the first commercially successful feature length documentary film.
June 14 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding makes his first speech on the radio.
June 22 – Irish Republican Army agents assassinate British field marshal Henry Hughes Wilson in Belgravia; the assassins are sentenced to death July 18.
June 24 – Weimar Republic foreign minister Walter Rathenau is assassinated; the murderers are captured July 17.
June 26 – Louis Honoré Charles Antoine Grimaldi becomes Reigning Prince Louis II of Monaco.
June 28 – The Irish Civil War begins.
July 11 – The Hollywood Bowl opens.
Hyperinflation in Germany means that 493 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar - almost double the 263 needed eight months ago and dwarfing the mere 12 needed in April 1919 and even the 47 needed in December of that year.
August 2 – A typhoon hits Shantou, China, killing more than 50,000 people.
August 22 – General Michael Collins is assassinated in West Cork.
August 23
* Morocco revolts against the Spanish.
* The Turkish large-scale attack opened against Greek forces in Afyon.
August 28 – Japan agrees to withdraw its troops from Siberia.
Hyperinflation in Germany has seen the value of the Papiermark against the dollar rise to 1,000.
September 9 – Turkish forces pursuing withdrawing Greek troops enter İzmir.
September 11
* ''The Sun News-Pictorial'', a predecessor of the Melbourne, Australia ''Herald Sun'', is founded.
* The Mandate of Palestine is approved by the Council of the League of Nations.
September 13
* The Gdynia Seaport Construction Act is passed by the Polish Parliament.
* The highest temperature in recorded history is taken in at 136.4 degrees F (58 degrees C), in El Aziziyah, Libya in the shade.
September 13 – 15 – Fire, probably started by Turkish troops, destroys most of Smyrna, killing an estimated 100,000.
September 17 – Dutch cyclist Piet Moeskops becomes World Champion Sprinter.
September 18 – Hungary joins the League of Nations.
September 29 – ''Drums in the Night'' (''Trommeln in der Nacht'') becomes the first play by Bertolt Brecht to be staged, at the Munich Kammerspiele.
October 1 – G.I. Gurdjieff opens his Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man at Fontainebleau in France.
October 9 – Sir William Horwood, London Metropolitan Police Service commissioner, is poisoned by arsenic-filled chocolates.
October 18 – The British Broadcasting Company is formed.
October 23 – The German army occupies Saxony and crushes the Soviet Republic of Saxony.
October 25 – The Third Dáil enacts the Constitution of the Irish Free State.
October 28
* In Italy, with the March on Rome, Fascism obtains power and Benito Mussolini becomes prime minister.
* The Red Army occupies Vladivostok.
October 30 – Benito Mussolini becomes the youngest Premier in the history of Italy.
3,000 German marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar - triple the figure three months ago.
November 1
* The Ottoman Empire is abolished and its last sultan Mehmed VI Vahdettin abdicates.
* A broadcasting licence fee of 10 shillings is introduced in the United Kingdom.
November 4 – In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Pharaoh Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
November 12 – Sigma Gamma Rho (ΣΓΡ) Sorority, Incorporated is founded by 7 educators in Indianapolis, Indiana. The group becomes an incorporated national collegiate sorority on December 30, 1929, when a charter is granted to the Alpha Chapter at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana.
November 14 – The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) begins radio service in the United Kingdom. 2LO becomes the first radio station in the United Kingdom.
November 15 – In the United Kingdom general election forced by the Conservatives' withdrawal from the coalition government, the Conservative Party wins an overall majority. (The 1922 Committee, popularly believed to take its name from this occasion, is not founded until the following year.)
November 17 – Former Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI leaves for exile in Italy.
November 19 – Abdul Mejid II, Crown Prince of the Ottoman Empire, is elected Caliph.
November 21 – Rebecca Felton of Georgia takes the oath of office, becoming the first woman United States Senator.
November 24 – Popular author and Irish Republican Army member Robert Erskine Childers is executed by an Irish Free State firing squad for illegally carrying a revolver.
November 26 – Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon become the first people to enter the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in over 3,000 years.
December 5 – The British Parliament enacts the Irish Free State Constitution Act, by which it legally sanctions the new Constitution of the Irish Free State.
December 6 – The Irish Free State officially comes into existence. George V becomes the Free State's monarch. Tim Healy is appointed first Governor-General of the Irish Free State and W. T. Cosgrave becomes President of the Executive Council.
December 11 – End of the trial of Frederick Bywaters and Edith Thompson at the Old Bailey. Both found guilty and sentenced to death.
December 16 – Gabriel Narutowicz, president of Poland, is assassinated.
December 30 – Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Transcaucasia come together to form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Earl W. Bascom, rodeo cowboy and artist, designs and makes rodeo's first hornless bronc saddle at Lethbridge, Alberta Canada.
Inter-Parliamentary Union
''Vegemite'' is invented by Australian Fred Walker.
''Kurd Istigdul Djemijetin'', the Kurdish Independence Committee, is founded.
The Molly Pitcher Club is formed to promote the repeal of prohibition in the United States.
Thompson Webb founds the Webb School for Boys.
The Barbary Lion becomes extinct in the wild, with the last killed in Morocco, in the area of the Zelan and Beni Mguild Forests..
The Amur Tiger becomes extinct in South Korea..
The California grizzly bear becomes extinct.
Japan signs a naval arms limitation treaty with the Western powers and returns some of its control over the Shandong Peninsula to China.
Wracked by rapid inflation and political assassinations and motivated by hostility and arrogance as well, the Weimar Republic announces its inability to pay more and proposes a moratorium on reparations for 3 years.
Bronisław Malinowski's influential ethnological text ''Argonauts of the Western Pacific'' is published.
Following the annexation of former German colonies after the First World War, the British Empire reaches its height and largest extent, covering a quarter of the world and ruling over one in four humans.
January 1 – Ernest "Fritz" Hollings, U.S. Senator from South Carolina
January 7 – Jean-Pierre Rampal, French flutist (d. 2000)
January 8 – Jan Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter (d. 1986)
January 9
* Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
* Ahmed Sékou Touré, African politician (d. 1984)
January 10 – Terence Kilmartin, Irish journalist and translator (d. 1991)
January 12 – Tadeusz Żychiewicz, Polish journalist, art historian and publicist (d. 1994)
January 13 – Albert Lamorisse, French film director (d. 1970)
January 16 – Ernesto Bonino, Italian singer (d. 2008)
January 17
* Nicholas Katzenbach, former U.S. Attorney General
* Betty White, American television actress (''The Golden Girls'')
January 19 – Guy Madison, American actor (d. 1996)
January 21
* Paul Scofield, English actor (d. 2008)
* Telly Savalas, American actor and singer (''Kojak'') (d. 1994)
January 22
* Leonel Brizola, Brazilian politician (d. 2004)
* Annabelle Lee, American female professional baseball player (d. 2008)
* Howard Moss, American poet, dramatist, and critic (d. 1987)
* Helen Smith, American female baseball player
January 24 – Charles Socarides, American psychiatrist (d. 2005)
January 28 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1993)
January 30 – Dick Martin, American comedian (''Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In'') (d. 2008)
February 1 – Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano (d. 2004)
February 2 – Stoyanka Mutafova, Bulgarian actress
February 6
* Patrick Macnee, British actor (''The Avengers'')
* Bill Johnston, Australian cricketer (d. 2007)
* Denis Norden, British television and radio scriptwriter and personality
February 9
* Kathryn Grayson, American actress (d. 2010)
* Jim Laker, British cricketer (d. 1986)
February 10 – Arpad Goncz, President of Hungary
February 12 – Tun Hussein Onn, third Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)
February 13 – Gordon Tullock, American economist
February 15 – John Bayard Anderson, U.S Congressman and Presidential candidate
February 17
* Enrico Banducci, American nightclub owner (d. 2007)
* Marshall Teague, American race car driver (d. 1959)
February 18
* Helen Gurley Brown, American editor and publisher (''Cosmopolitan'')
* Connie Wisniewski, American female professional baseball player (d. 1995)
February 24
* Richard Hamilton, British painter
* Steven Hill, American actor
February 26
* William Baumol, American economist
* Margaret Leighton, British actress (d. 1976)
* Karl Aage Præst, Danish football player
March 1
* William Gaines, American magazine publisher (''MAD'') (d. 1992)
* Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1995)
March 4
* Richard E. Cunha, American cinematographer and film director (d. 2005)
* Martha O'Driscoll, American film actress (d. 1998)
* Dina Pathak (Deena Pathak), veteran Gujarati theatre and film actress (d. 2002)
March 5 – Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian film director (d. 1975)
March 8
* Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (d. 2008)
* Mizuki Shigeru, Japanese author
* Ralph H. Baer, German-born American inventor
* Yevgeny Matveyev, Russian actor and film director (d. 2003)
March 9
* Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedian and magician (d. 1984)
* Flemming Valdemar, Count of Rosenborg, (d. 2002)
March 11 – Tun Abdul Razak, second Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1976)
March 12
* Jack Kerouac, American author (''On The Road'') (d. 1969)
* Lane Kirkland, American union leader (d. 1999)
March 16 – Harding Lemay, American television scriptwriter and playwright
March 17 – Patrick Suppes, American philosopher
March 18 – Egon Bahr, German politician
March 20 – Carl Reiner, American film director, producer, actor, and comedian (''Your Show of Shows'')
March 21
* Russ Meyer, American film director and producer (d. 2004)
* Mujibur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
March 22
* Josephine Kabick, American professional baseball player (AAGPBL) (d. 1978)
* Claire Schillace, American baseball player (AAGPBL) (d. 1999)
March 27 – Stefan Wul, French writer (d. 2003)
March 28
* Felice Chiusano, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra) (d. 1990)
* Joey Maxim, American boxer (d. 2001)
March 31 – Richard Kiley, American actor and singer (d. 1999)
April 1 – William Manchester, American writer (d. 2004)
April 3 – Maurice Riel, Canadian senator (d. 2007)
April 4 – Elmer Bernstein, American composer (d. 2004)
April 5
* Tom Finney, English footballer
* Christopher Hewett, British actor (''Mr. Belvedere'') (d. 2001)
* Gale Storm, American singer and actress (d. 2009)
April 7 – Mongo Santamaria, Cuban jazz musician (''Watermelon Man'') (d. 2003)
April 9 – Arthur Batanides, American actor (d. 2000)
April 13 – Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (d. 1999)
April 14 – Ali Akbar Khan, Indian musician (d. 2009)
April 16
* Kingsley Amis, English novelist (d. 1995)
* Leo Tindemans, former Belgian Prime Minister
April 19 – Erich Hartmann, World War II German fighter pilot (d. 1993)
April 22 – Charles Mingus, American musician (d. 1979)
April 23 – Marjorie Cameron, American writer, painter, actress and occultist (d. 1995)
April 24 – Susanna Agnelli, Italian politician (d. 2009)
April 27 – Jack Klugman, American actor (''The Odd Couple'' and ''Quincy, M.E.'')
April 28 – Alistair MacLean, Scottish writer (d. 1987)
May 1 – Vitaly Popkov, Russian fighter ace (d. 2010)
May 4 – Eugenie Clark, American marine biologist known as the "Shark Lady"
May 7
* Darren McGavin, American actor (''Kolchak: The Night Stalker'') (d. 2006)
* Joe O'Donnell, American documentary photographer, photojournalist (d. 2007)
May 10 – Nancy Walker, American movie and television actress (''Rhoda'') (d. 1992)
May 11 – Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera, Filipino Supreme Court jurist
May 13
* Otl Aicher, German graphic artist (d. 1991)
* Michael Ainsworth, British cricketeer (d. 1978)
* Beatrice Arthur, American actress and comedienne (''Maude'' and ''The Golden Girls'') (d. 2009)
May 14 – Franjo Tuđman, President of Croatia (d. 1999)
May 15 – Jakucho Setouchi, Japanese writer and Buddhist nun
May 18
* Gerda Boyesen, Norwegian-born body psychotherapist (d. 2005)
* Kai Winding, Danish-born musician (d. 1983)
May 19 – Joe Gilmore, Irish, longest running Head Barmen at The Savoy Hotel's American Bar
May 21 – James Lopez Watson, American judge (d. 2001)
May 22 – Quinn Martin, American television producer (d. 1987)
May 25 – Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician (d. 1984)
May 27 – Sir Christopher Lee, English actor
May 28 – Lou Duva, American boxing trainer
May 29
* Iannis Xenakis, Greek composer (d. 2001)
* Eleanor Coerr, American writer (d. 2010)
May 30 – Hal Clement, American writer (d. 2003)
May 31 – Denholm Elliott, English actor (d. 1992)
June 1 – Povel Ramel, Swedish musician (d. 2007)
June 2 – Charlie Sifford, American golfer
June 10
* Robert Alan Aurthur, American screenwriter (d. 1978)
* Judy Garland, American singer and actress (''The Wizard of Oz'') (d. 1969)
June 18 – Claude Helffer, French pianist (d. 2004)
June 19 – Aage Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
June 22 – Mona Lisa, Filipino actress
June 24 – Tata Giacobetti, Italian singer and lyricist (''Quartetto Cetra'') (d. 1988)
June 29 – Vasko Popa, Yugoslavian poet (d. 1991)
July 3 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo painter, called Corneille (d. 2010)
July 6 – William Schallert, American actor
July 13 – Anker Jørgensen, Danish politician
July 15 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
July 18 – Thomas Kuhn, American philosopher of science (d. 1996)
July 19 – Tuanku Jaafar ibni Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman, King of Malaysia (d. 2008)
July 21 – Mollie Sugden, British actress (d. 2009)
July 27 – Norman Lear, American television writer and producer
July 31 – Bill Kaysing, American writer (d. 2005)
August 3 – Robert Sumner, American evangelist and author
August 5 – Sandy Kenyon, American actor (d. 2010)
August 8 – Alberto Granado, Cuban writer and scientist (d. 2011)
August 15 – Lukas Foss, German-born composer (d. 2009)
August 17 – Agostinho Neto, Angolan politician (d. 1979)
August 21 – Mel Fisher, American treasure hunter and founder of the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Museum (d. 1998)
August 23 – George Kell, baseball player (d. 2009)
August 24
* René Lévesque, 23rd Premier of Quebec (d. 1987)
* Howard Zinn, American social activist and historian (''A People's History of the United States'') (d. 2010)
August 27 – Sosuke Uno, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1998)
September 1
* Vittorio Gassmann, Italian actor and director (d. 2000)
* Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-born actress and dancer (''The Munsters'') (d. 2007)
September 3
* Salli Terri, Canadian mezzo-soprano (d. 1996)
* Steffan Danielsen, Faroese painter (d. 1976)
September 7 – David Croft, British writer, producer and actor
September 8
* Sid Caesar, American actor and comedian (''Your Show of Shows'')
* Lyndon LaRouche, American self-styled economist and political activist
September 9
* Hans Georg Dehmelt, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
* Warwick Kerr, Brazilian geneticist
September 10 – Yma Súmac, Peruvian singer (d. 2008)
September 12 – Jackson Mac Low, American poet (d. 2004)
September 15
* Jackie Cooper, American actor and director (d. 2011)
* Phyllis Koehn, American female professional baseball player (d. 2007)
September 17 – Vance Bourjaily, American writer, novelist, playwright, journalist, and essayist (d. 2010)
September 22 – Chen Ning Yang, Chinese-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
September 24 – Floyd Levin, American-born musicologist (d. 2007)
September 25 – Hammer DeRoburt, first President of Nauru (d. 1992)
October 1 – Burke Marshall, American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
October 5 – José Froilán González, Argentine race car driver
October 15 – Luigi Giussani, Italian Catholic priest (d. 2005)
October 19 – Jack Anderson, American journalist (d. 2005)
October 22 – John Chafee, American politician (d. 1999)
October 23 – Coleen Gray, American actress
October 26 – Madelyn Dunham, American maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States (d. 2008)
October 27 – Poul Bundgaard, Danish actor and singer (d. 1998)
October 28 – Butch van Breda Kolff, American basketball coach (d. 2007)
October 31
* Norodom Sihanouk, former King of Cambodia
* Barbara Bel Geddes, American former actress and author of children's books (''Dallas'') (d. 2005)
November 6 – Vivian Kellogg, American professional baseball player
November 8 – Christiaan Barnard, South African surgeon (d. 2001)
November 9
* Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)
* Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (d. 1965)
November 11 – Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist (''Slaughterhouse Five'') (d. 2007)
November 14
* Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian Secretary General of the United Nations
* Veronica Lake, American actress (d. 1973)
November 15 – David Sidney Feingold, American biochemist
November 16
* Sidney Mintz, American anthropologist
* José Saramago, Portuguese author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
* Hoang Minh Chinh, Vietnamese politician and dissident (d. 2008)
November 17 – Stanley Cohen, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
November 19 – Yuri Knorozov, Russian linguist and epigrapher (d. 1999)
November 23 – Donald Tennant, American advertising agency executive (d. 2001)
November 25 – Shelagh Fraser, British actress (d. 2000)
November 26 – Charles M. Schulz, American cartoonist (''Peanuts'') (d. 2000)
December 2 – Leo Gordon, American actor (d. 2000)
December 5 – William Davidson, American sports owner (d. 2009)
December 9 – Redd Foxx, American comedian (''Sanford and Son'') (d. 1991)
December 11 – Dilip Kumar, Indian actor
December 12 – Christian Dotremont, Belgian painter and writer (d. 1979)
December 14 – Nikolay Basov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
December 17 – Alan Voorhees, American engineer and urban planner (d. 2005)
December 20 – Charita Bauer, American actress/soap opera star (d. 1985)
December 21 – Itubwa Amram, Nauruan pastor and politician (d. 1989)
December 22
* Jack Brooks, American politician
* Edythe Perlick, American female baseball player (d. 2003)
December 23 – Micheline Ostermeyer, French athlete and musician (d. 2001)
December 24 – Ava Gardner, American actress (d. 1990)
December 28 – Stan Lee, American comics creator (''Marvel Comics'')
December 29 – William Gaddis, American writer (d. 1998)
January 1 – István Kühár, Slovene (Prekmurian) writer and politician (b. 1887)
January 5 – Ernest Shackleton, Irish explorer (b. 1874)
January 10 – Okuma Shigenobu, 8th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1838)
January 22
* Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)
* Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1837)
January 23 – Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)
January 27
* Nellie Bly, American undercover journalist (b. 1864)
* Giovanni Verga, Italian writer (b. 1840)
February 1
* Yamagata Aritomo, 3rd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1838)
* William Desmond Taylor, Irish-born film director (b. 1872)
February 3 – John Butler Yeats, Northern Irish artist (b. 1839)
February 14 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish Minister of Interior (b. 1880)
March 1 – Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)
March 4 – Bert Williams, American entertainer (b. 1874)
March 24 – Walter Parr, British preacher (b. 1871)
April 1 – Emperor Karl I of Austria (b. 1887)
April 2 – Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist (b. 1884)
April 9 – Hans Fruhstorfer, German lepidopterist {b. 1866)
May 3 – Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian Communist politician (b. 1888)
May 7 – Max Wagenknecht, German composer (b. 1857)
May 12 – John Martin Poyer, United States Navy Commander and the 12th Governor of American Samoa (b. 1861)
May 18 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1845)
May 19 – Son, Byong-Hi, Korean activist (b. 1861)
June 4 – William Halse Rivers Rivers, English doctor (b. 1864)
June 6 – Lillian Russell, American singer and actress (b. 1861)
June 18 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (b. 1851)
June 20 – Vittorio Monti, Italian Composer (b. 1868)
June 26 – Albert I of Monaco (b. 1848)
July 4 – Lothar von Richthofen, German World War I flying ace (b. 1894)
July 20 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (b. 1856)
July 22 – Jokichi Takamine, Japanese chemist (b. 1854)
August 2 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (b. 1847)
August 5 – Harry Boland, Irish republican (b. 1887)
August 12 – Arthur Griffith, President of Ireland (b. 1872)
August 14 – Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, British newspaper magnate (b. 1865)
August 22 – Michael Collins, Irish leader (killed in ambush) (b. 1890)
August 29 – Georges Sorel, French socialist (b. 1847)
September 4
* Sarah L. Winchester, American builder of the Winchester Mystery House (b. 1837)
James Young, Scottish footballer, motorcycle accident (b. 1882)
September 10 – Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, English poet (b. 1840)
September 26 – Thomas E. Watson, American politician and senator (b. 1856)
October 7 – Marie Lloyd, English singer (b. 1870)
October 30 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian author (b. 1863)
November 1 – Lima Barreto, Brazilian writer (b. 1881)
November 7 – Sam Thompson, American baseball player (b. 1860)
November 18 – Marcel Proust, French author (''In Search of Lost Time'') (b. 1871)
November 23 – Eduard Seler, Prussian scholar and Mesoamericanist (b. 1849)
November 24 – Robert Erskine Childers, Irish novelist and nationalist (executed) (b. 1870)
November 30 – René Cresté, French actor and director (b. 1881)
December 12 – John Wanamaker, American businessman (b. 1838)
December 13 – Hannes Hafstein, 1st Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1861)
December 16 – Gabriel Narutowicz, President of Poland (b. 1865)
Physics – Niels Henrik David Bohr
Chemistry – Francis William Aston
Physiology or Medicine – Archibald Vivian Hill, Otto Fritz Meyerhof
Literature – Jacinto Benavente
Peace – Fridtjof Nansen
1922 Coin Pictures
af:1922
am:1922 እ.ኤ.አ.
ang:1922
ar:ملحق:1922
an:1922
frp:1922
ast:1922
gn:1922
av:1922
ay:1922
az:1922
bn:১৯২২
zh-min-nan:1922 nî
map-bms:1922
be:1922
be-x-old:1922
bh:१९२२
bcl:1922
bs:1922
br:1922
bg:1922
ca:1922
cv:1922
cs:1922
cbk-zam:1922
co:1922
cy:1922
da:1922
de:1922
et:1922
el:1922
myv:1922 ие
es:1922
eo:1922
eu:1922
fa:۱۹۲۲ (میلادی)
hif:1922
fo:1922
fr:1922
fy:1922
ga:1922
gv:1922
gd:1922
gl:1922
gan:1922年
ko:1922년
hy:1922
hi:१९२२
hr:1922.
io:1922
ilo:1922
bpy:মারি ১৯২২
id:1922
ia:1922
os:1922-æм аз
is:1922
it:1922
he:1922
jv:1922
kn:೧೯೨೨
pam:1922
krc:1922 джыл
ka:1922
csb:1922
kk:1922
kw:1922
sw:1922
kv:1922 во
ht:1922 (almanak gregoryen)
ku:1922
la:1922
lv:1922. gads
lb:1922
lt:1922 m.
lij:1922
li:1922
ln:1922
lmo:1922
hu:1922
mk:1922
mg:1922
ml:1922
mi:1922
mr:इ.स. १९२२
arz:1922
ms:1922
nah:1922
nl:1922
ja:1922年
nap:1922
no:1922
nn:1922
nrm:1922
nov:1922
oc:1922
mhr:1922
uz:1922
pa:੧੯੨੨
pi:१९२२
pnb:1922
pap:1922
tpi:1922
nds:1922
pl:1922
pt:1922
ty:1922
ro:1922
qu:1922
rue:1922
ru:1922 год
sah:1922
se:1922
sq:1922
scn:1922
simple:1922
sk:1922
sl:1922
ckb:١٩٢٢
sr:1922
sh:1922
su:1922
fi:1922
sv:1922
tl:1922
ta:1922
tt:1922 ел
te:1922
tet:1922
th:พ.ศ. 2465
tg:1922
tr:1922
tk:1922
udm:1922 ар
uk:1922
ur:1922ء
vec:1922
vi:1922
vo:1922
fiu-vro:1922
wa:1922
vls:1922
war:1922
yi:1922
yo:1922
zh-yue:1922年
diq:1922
bat-smg:1922
zh:1922年
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Undated
August
Undated
September
October
Undated
November
December
Undated
The year ends with hyperinflation showing no sign of slowing down in Germany, with 7,000 marks now needed to buy a single American dollar.
Date unknown
Births
January–February
March–April
May–June
July–August
September–October
November–December
Deaths
January–June
July–December
Nobel Prizes
References
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 28°36′50″N77°12′32″N |
|---|---|
| name | Charlie Parr |
| landscape | yes |
| background | solo_singer |
| birth name | Charlie Parr |
| origin | Duluth, Minnesota, U.S. |
| instrument | Vocals, Guitar, Harmonica |
| genre | Piedmont blues, blues-rock |
| occupation | Musician, Singer, songwriter, guitarist |
| years active | 2002–present |
| label | Misplaced Music, Little Judges, Shaky Ray Records |
| website | www.charlieparr.com |
| notable instruments | National resonator guitarfretless open-back banjo }} |
As of May 2008, the song "1922" has been featured in an Australian and New Zealand Vodafone television ad. As a consequence Parr's album, 1922, was re-released in Australia on the Level 2 record label in Melbourne. In 2009, Parr toured Australia with Paul Kelly.
Charlie Parr is slated to play at the 2011 Pickathon Music Festival in Oregon.
Discography
Full-length Albums (all on CD, a few vinyl where indicated) thumb|Criminals & SinnersCollaborations
Compilations
Promotional Singles
7" Singles
Contributions to Other Compilations
References
External links
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 28°36′50″N77°12′32″N |
|---|---|
| name | Stephen King |
| pseudonym | Richard Bachman, John Swithen |
| birth date | September 21, 1947 |
| birth name | Stephen Edwin King |
| birth place | Portland, Maine, U.S. |
| occupation | Novelist, short story writer, screenwriter, columnist, actor, television producer, film director |
| genre | Horror, fantasy, science fiction, drama, gothic, genre fiction, dark fantasy |
| net worth | ? |
| notableworks | ''Carrie'', ''The Shining'', ''The Stand'', ''It'', and ''Misery'' |
| influences | Burton HatlenBram StokerShirley JacksonH. P. LovecraftRichard MathesonRay BradburyEdgar Allan PoeJohn D. MacDonaldDon Robertson |
| influenced | Peter David,J. J. Abrams,Damon Lindelof, Jeaniene Frost |
| website | http://www.stephenking.com |
| spouse | Tabitha King |
| children | Naomi KingJoe KingOwen King |
| Signature | Stephen King Signature.svg }} |
King has received Bram Stoker Awards, World Fantasy Awards, British Fantasy Society Awards, his novella ''The Way Station'' was a Nebula Award novelette nominee, and in 2003, the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters.
Early life
King's father, Donald Edwin King, who was born ca. 1913 in Peru, Indiana, was a merchant seaman. King's mother, Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury; March 13, 1913 – December 28, 1973) was born in Scarborough, Maine. They were married July 23, 1939, in Cumberland County, Maine.Stephen King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine. When King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of "going to buy a pack of cigarettes," leaving his mother to raise King and his adopted older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain. The family moved to De Pere, Wisconsin, Fort Wayne, Indiana and Stratford, Connecticut. When King was eleven years old, the family returned to Durham, Maine, where Ruth King cared for her parents until their deaths. She then became a caregiver in a local residential facility for the mentally challenged.
As a child, King apparently witnessed one of his friends being struck and killed by a train, though he has no memory of the event. His family told him that after leaving home to play with the boy, King returned, speechless and seemingly in shock. Only later did the family learn of the friend's death. Some commentators have suggested that this event may have psychologically inspired some of King's darker works, but King himself has dismissed the idea.
King's primary inspiration for writing horror fiction was related in detail in his 1981 non-fiction ''Danse Macabre'', in a chapter titled "An Annoying Autobiographical Pause". King makes a comparison of his uncle successfully dowsing for water using the bough of an apple branch with the sudden realization of what he wanted to do for a living. While browsing through an attic with his elder brother, King uncovered a paperback version of an H.P. Lovecraft collection of short stories that had belonged to his father. The cover art—an illustration of a yellow-green Demon hiding within the recesses of a Hellish cavern beneath a tombstone—was, he writes, the moment in his life which "that interior dowsing rod responded to.”
Education and early career
King attended Durham Elementary School and graduated from Lisbon Falls High School, in Lisbon Falls, Maine. He displayed an early interest in horror as an avid reader of EC's horror comics, including ''Tales from the Crypt'' (he later paid tribute to the comics in his screenplay for ''Creepshow''). He began writing for fun while still in school, contributing articles to ''Dave's Rag'', the newspaper that his brother published with a mimeograph machine and later began selling stories to his friends which were based on movies he had seen (though when discovered by his teachers, he was forced to return the profits). The first of his stories to be independently published was "I Was a Teenage Grave Robber", serialized over three published and one unpublished issue of a fanzine, ''Comics Review'', in 1965. That story was published the following year in a revised form as "In a Half-World of Terror" in another fanzine, ''Stories of Suspense'', edited by Marv Wolfman.From 1966, King studied English at the University of Maine, graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in English. That same year his first daughter, Naomi Rachel, was born. He wrote a column for the student newspaper, ''The Maine Campus'', titled "Steve King's Garbage Truck", took part in a writing workshop organized by Burton Hatlen, and took odd jobs to pay for his studies, including one at an industrial laundry. He sold his first professional short story, "The Glass Floor", to ''Startling Mystery Stories'' in 1967. The Fogler Library at UMaine now holds many of King's papers.
After leaving the university, King earned a certificate to teach high school but, being unable to find a teaching post immediately, initially supplemented his laboring wage by selling short stories to men's magazines such as ''Cavalier''. Many of these early stories have been published in the collection ''Night Shift''. In 1971, King married Tabitha Spruce, a fellow student at the University of Maine whom he had met at the University's Fogler Library after one of Professor Hatlen's workshops. That fall, King was hired as a teacher at Hampden Academy in Hampden, Maine. He continued to contribute short stories to magazines and worked on ideas for novels. It was during this time that King developed a drinking problem, which stayed with him for more than a decade.
King and his wife, Tabitha, have three children, Naomi, Joe and Owen. Tabitha, Joe and Owen are also published writers.
1970s–80s work
In 1973, King's novel ''Carrie'' was accepted by publishing house Doubleday. King actually threw an early draft of the novel in the trash after becoming discouraged with his progress writing about a teenage girl with psychic powers. His wife retrieved the manuscript and encouraged him to finish it. His advance for ''Carrie'' was $2,500, with paperback rights earning $400,000 at a later date. King and his family relocated to southern Maine because of his mother's failing health. At this time, he began writing a book titled ''Second Coming'', later titled ''Jerusalem's Lot'', before finally changing the title to '''Salem's Lot'' (published 1975). In a 1987 issue of ''The Highway Patrolman'' magazine, he stated, "The story seems sort of down home to me. I have a special cold spot in my heart for it!" Soon after the release of ''Carrie'' in 1974, his mother died of uterine cancer. His Aunt Emrine read the novel to her before she died. King has written of his severe drinking problem at this time, stating that he was drunk delivering the eulogy at his mother's funeral.After his mother's death, King and his family moved to Boulder, Colorado, where King wrote ''The Shining'' (published 1977). The family returned to western Maine in 1975, where King completed his fourth novel, ''The Stand'' (published 1978). In 1977, the family, with the addition of Owen Phillip (his third and last child), traveled briefly to England, returning to Maine that fall where King began teaching creative writing at the University of Maine. He has kept his primary residence in Maine ever since.
In 1985 King wrote his first work for the comic book medium, writing a few pages of the benefit X-Men comic book ''Heroes for Hope Starring the X-Men''. The book, whose profits were donated to assist with famine relief in Africa, was written by a number of different authors in the comic book field, such as Chris Claremont, Stan Lee, and Alan Moore, as well as authors not primarily associated with that industry, such as Harlan Ellison. The following year, King wrote the introduction to ''Batman'' #400, an anniversary issue in which he expressed his preference for that character over Superman.
''The Dark Tower'' books
In the late 1970s, King began what became a series of interconnected stories about a lone gunslinger, Roland, who pursues the "Man in Black" in an alternate-reality universe that is a cross between J.R.R. Tolkien's Middle-earth and the American wild west as depicted by Clint Eastwood and Sergio Leone in their spaghetti westerns. The first of these stories, ''The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger'', was first published in five installments by ''The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction'' under the editorship of Edward L. Ferman, beginning in 1977 and the last in 1981. The Gunslinger was continued as a large 7-book epic called The Dark Tower, which were written and published infrequently over four decades.In 1982, the fantasy small-press Donald M. Grant (known for publishing the entire canon of Robert E. Howard) printed these stories for the first time together in hardcover form with color and black-and-white illustrations by fantasy artist Michael Whelan, as ''The Gunslinger''. Each chapter was named for the story previously published in magazine form. King dedicated the hardcover edition to his editor at ''F&SF;'', Ed Ferman, who "took a chance on these stories". The original print-run was only 10,000 copies, which was, by this time, a comparatively low run for a first printing of a King novel in hardcover. His 1980 novel, ''Firestarter'', had an initial print-run in trade hardcover at 100,000 copies, and his 1983 novel, ''Christine'', had a trade hardcover print-run of 250,000 copies, both by the much larger publisher Viking. ''The Gunslinger'''s initial release was not highly publicized, and only specialty science-fiction and related bookstores carried it on their shelves. The book was generally not available in the larger chain stores, except by special order. Rumors spread among avid fans that there was a King book out that few readers knew about, let alone had actually read. When the initial 10,000 copies sold out, Grant printed another 10,000 copies in 1984, but these runs were still far short of the growing demand among fans for this book. ''The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger'' was the beginning of his magnum opus fantasy epic. Both the first and second printings of ''The Gunslinger'' garner premium prices on the collectible book market, notably among avid readers and collectors of Stephen King, horror literature, fantasy literature, American western literature, and fans of the artwork of Michael Whelan.
In 1987, King released the second installment, ''The Dark Tower II: The Drawing of the Three'', in which Roland draws three people from 20th-century United States into his world through magical doors. Grant published ''The Drawing of the Three'' with illustrations by Phil Hale in a slightly larger run of 30,000 copies, which was still well below King's typical initial hardcover print-run of a new book. (''It'', published in 1986, had an initial print-run of 1,000,000 copies, King's largest to date.) King had believed that the Dark Tower books would only be of interest to a select group of his fans, and he had resisted releasing it on a larger scale. Finally, in the late 1980s, bowing to pressure from his publishers and fans who were searching for the books (at this point fewer than 50,000 of his millions of readers would have been able to own any of the Dark Tower books), King agreed to release ''The Gunslinger'' and all subsequent Dark Tower books in trade paperback and mass market formats. The series reached seven books, with the final installment called ''The Dark Tower VII: The Dark Tower'', in 2004.
In the early 2000s King revised the original book, ''The Gunslinger'', because he felt the voice and imagery of the original stories of the late 1970s did not seem to fit the voice of the final installment of 2004. King felt the style of the work had markedly changed during the intervening 27 years. The revised version was published in 2003 by his former hardcover publisher Viking. Grant published its hardcover limited edition of the revised version of ''The Gunslinger'' along with a prequel story set in the Dark Tower world called "The Little Sisters of Eluria" (from King's short story collection ''Everything's Eventual'') in 2009.
Adaptations
In October 2005, King signed a deal with Marvel Comics to publish a seven-issue, miniseries spin-off of the series called ''The Gunslinger Born''. The series, which focuses on a young Roland Deschain, is plotted by Robin Furth, with dialogue by Peter David, and illustrated by Eisner Award-winning artist Jae Lee. The first issue was published on February 7, 2007, and King, David, Lee and Marvel Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada appeared at a midnight signing at a Times Square, New York comic book store to promote it. The work had sold over 200,000 copies by March 2007. The success of ''The Gunslinger Born'' led to an ongoing series of miniseries published by Marvel, with Furth and David continuing to collaborate, featuring both adapted material from the ''Dark Tower'' books and new material approved by King; it also led to a second series of King adaptations in the same format, serializing the events of ''The Stand''.Although ''The Hollywood Reporter'' announced in February 2007 that plans were underway for ''Lost'' co-creator J. J. Abrams to do an adaptation of King's epic ''Dark Tower'' series, Abrams stated in a November 2009 interview with MTV that he would not be adapting the series.
Akiva Goldsman, Ron Howard and Brian Grazer will produce a feature film trilogy and a television series for Universal Pictures and NBC, based on ''The Dark Tower'' series, with Howard slated to direct the first movie, which is scheduled for a May 17, 2013 release. That film will be followed by a TV series that will tie into the second movie.
Richard Bachman
In the late 1970s-early 1980s, King published a handful of short novels—''Rage'' (1977), ''The Long Walk'' (1979), ''Roadwork'' (1981), ''The Running Man'' (1982) and ''Thinner'' (1984)—under the pseudonym Richard Bachman. The idea behind this was largely an experiment to measure for himself whether or not he could replicate his own success again, and allay at least part of the notion within his mind that popularity might all be just an accident of fate. An alternate (or additional) explanation was that publishing standards at the time allowed only a single book a year.Richard Bachman was exposed as being King's pseudonym after a persistent Washington D.C. bookstore clerk, Steve Brown, noticed similarities between the two's works and later located publisher's records at the Library of Congress naming King as the author of one of Bachman's novels. This led to a press release heralding Bachman's "death"—supposedly from "cancer of the pseudonym." King dedicated his 1989 book ''The Dark Half'', about a pseudonym turning on a writer, to "the deceased Richard Bachman", and in 1996, when the Stephen King novel ''Desperation'' was released, the companion novel ''The Regulators'' carried the "Bachman" byline.
In 2006, during a press conference in London, King declared that he had discovered another Bachman novel, titled ''Blaze''. It was published on June 12, 2007. In fact, the manuscript had been held at King's alma mater, the University of Maine in Orono, for many years and had been covered by numerous King experts. King completely rewrote the 1973 manuscript for its publication.
Car accident and thoughts of retirement
On June 19, 1999 at about 4:30 p.m., King was reading a book and walking on the shoulder of Route 5, in Lovell, Maine. Driver Bryan Smith, distracted by an unrestrained dog moving in the back of his minivan, struck King, who landed in a depression in the ground about 14 feet from the pavement of Route 5. According to Oxford County Sheriff deputy Matt Baker, King was struck from behind and some witnesses said the driver was not speeding or reckless.King was conscious enough to give the deputy phone numbers to contact his family but was in considerable pain. The author was first transported to Northern Cumberland Hospital in Bridgton and then flown by helicopter to Central Maine Medical Center, in Lewiston. His injuries—a collapsed right lung, multiple fractures of his right leg, scalp laceration and a broken hip—kept him at CMMC until July 9. His leg bones were so shattered doctors initially considered amputating it, but stabilized the bones in the leg with an external fixator. After five operations in ten days and physical therapy, King resumed work on ''On Writing'' in July, though his hip was still shattered and he could only sit for about forty minutes before the pain became worse. Soon it became nearly unbearable.
King's lawyer and two others purchased Smith's van for $1,500, reportedly to prevent it from appearing on eBay. The van was later crushed at a junkyard, much to King's disappointment, as he dreamed of beating it with a baseball bat once his leg was healed. King later mentioned during an interview with ''Fresh Air's'' Terry Gross that he wanted to completely destroy the vehicle himself with a pickaxe.
Two years later, King suffered severe pneumonia as a direct result of his lung being punctured in the accident. During this time, Tabitha King was inspired to redesign his studio. King visited the space while his books and belongings were packed away. What he saw was an image of what his studio would look like if he died, providing a seed for his novel ''Lisey's Story''.
2000s work
In 2002, King announced he would stop writing, apparently motivated in part by frustration with his injuries, which had made sitting uncomfortable and reduced his stamina. He has since resumed writing, but states on his website that:"I'm writing but I'm writing at a much slower pace than previously and I think that if I come up with something really, really good, I would be perfectly willing to publish it because that still feels like the final act of the creative process, publishing it so people can read it and you can get feedback and people can talk about it with each other and with you, the writer, but the force of my invention has slowed down a lot over the years and that's as it should be."
In 2000, King published a serialized novel, ''The Plant'', online, bypassing print publication. At first it was presumed by the public that King had abandoned the project because sales were unsuccessful, but he later stated that he had simply run out of stories. The unfinished epistolary novel is still available from King's official site, now free. Also in 2000, he wrote a digital novella, ''Riding the Bullet'', and has said he sees e-books becoming 50% of the market "probably by 2013 and maybe by 2012." But he also warns: "Here's the thing—people tire of the new toys quickly."
In August 2003 King began writing a column on pop culture appearing in ''Entertainment Weekly'', usually every third week. The column is called "The Pop of King", a play on the nickname "The King of Pop" commonly given to Michael Jackson.
In 2006, King published an apocalyptic novel, ''Cell''.
In 2007, Marvel Comics began publishing comic books based on King's ''Dark Tower'' series, followed by adaptations of ''The Stand'' in 2008 and ''The Talisman'' in 2009.
In 2008, King published both a novel, ''Duma Key'', and a collection, ''Just After Sunset''. The latter featured 13 short stories, including a novella, ''N.'', which was later released as a serialized animated series that could be seen for free, or, for a small fee, could be downloaded in a higher quality; it then was adopted into a limited comic book series.
In 2009, King published ''Ur'', a novella written exclusively for the launch of the second-generation Amazon Kindle and available only on Amazon.com, and ''Throttle'', a novella co-written with his son Joe Hill, which later was released as an audiobook ''Road Rage'', which included Richard Matheson's short story "Duel". On November 10 that year, King's novel, ''Under the Dome'', was published. It is a reworking of an unfinished novel he tried writing twice in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and at 1,074 pages, it is the largest novel he has written since 1986's ''It''. It debuted at #1 in The New York Times Bestseller List, and #3 in UK Book Charts.
On February 16, 2010, King announced on his website that his next book will be a collection of four previously unpublished novellas. The book is called ''Full Dark, No Stars''. In April of that year, King published ''Blockade Billy'', an original novella issued first by independent small press Cemetery Dance Publications and later released in mass market paperback by Simon & Schuster. This baseball-related suspense novella is not set to be reprinted in ''Full Dark, No Stars''. The following month, DC Comics premiered ''American Vampire'', a monthly comic book series written by King with short story writer Scott Snyder, and illustrated by Rafael Albuquerque, which represents King's first original comics work.
In March 2011, Stephen King announced two new books: his next novel, ''11/22/63'', will be published November 8, 2011, and the eighth Dark Tower volume, ''The Wind Through the Keyhole'' will be published in 2012.
Collaborations
King has written two novels with acclaimed horror novelist Peter Straub: ''The Talisman'' and a sequel, ''Black House''. King has indicated that he and Straub will likely write the third and concluding book in this series, the tale of Jack Sawyer, but has set no time line for its completion.King also wrote the nonfiction book, ''Faithful'', with novelist and fellow Red Sox fanatic Stewart O'Nan.
In 1996 King collaborated with Michael Jackson to create ''Ghosts'', a 40-minute musical video in which the singer portrays a recluse living in a mansion confronting an unwelcoming group of townsfolk initially calling for his exodus from their community.
"Throttle", a novella written in collaboration with his son Joe Hill, appears in the anthology ''He Is Legend: Celebrating Richard Matheson'', (Gauntlet Press, 2009).
''The Diary of Ellen Rimbauer: My Life at Rose Red'', was a paperback tie-in for the King-penned miniseries ''Rose Red''. The book was published under anonymous authorship, and written by Ridley Pearson. This spin-off is a rare occasion of another author being granted permission to write commercial work using characters and story elements invented by King.
King has written a musical play with John Mellencamp titled ''Ghost Brothers of Darkland County''.
King played guitar for the rock band Rock-Bottom Remainders, several of whose members are authors. Other members include Dave Barry, Ridley Pearson, Scott Turow, Amy Tan, James McBride, Mitch Albom, Roy Blount, Jr., Matt Groening, Kathi Kamen Goldmark, Sam Barry, and Greg Iles. None of them claim to have any musical talent. King is a fan of the rock band AC/DC, who did the soundtrack for his 1986 film, ''Maximum Overdrive''. He is also a fan of The Ramones, who wrote the title song for ''Pet Sematary'' and appeared in the music video. King referred to the band several times in various novels and stories and The Ramones referenced King on the song "It's Not My Place (In the 9 to 5 World)", which is on 1981's ''Pleasant Dreams''. In addition he wrote the liner notes for their tribute album ''We're a Happy Family.'' In 1988, the band Blue Öyster Cult recorded an updated version of their 1974 song "Astronomy". The single released for radio play featured a narrative intro spoken by King.
On Sunday, October 25, 2009 the DC Comics Vertigo blog news feed released that King will team up with short story writer Scott Snyder and artist Rafael Albuquerque in a new monthly comic book series from Vertigo in March 2010 called ''American Vampire''. King is to write the background history of the very first American vampire, Skinner Sweet, in the five issues of the first arc. Scott Snyder will write the story of Pearl. Both stories are to weave together to form the first story arc.
In 2010, King collaborated with musician Shooter Jennings and his band Hierophant, providing the narration for their most recent album, ''Black Ribbons''.
Works
Analysis
Writing style
King's formula for learning to write well is: "Read and write four to six hours a day. If you cannot find the time for that, you can't expect to become a good writer." He sets out each day with a quota of 2000 words and will not stop writing until it is met. He also has a simple definition for talent in writing: "If you wrote something for which someone sent you a check, if you cashed the check and it didn't bounce, and if you then paid the light bill with the money, I consider you talented."Shortly after his accident, King wrote the first draft of the book ''Dreamcatcher'' with a notebook and a Waterman fountain pen, which he called "the world's finest word processor."
When asked why he writes, King responds: "The answer to that is fairly simple—there was nothing else I was made to do. I was made to write stories and I love to write stories. That's why I do it. I really can't imagine doing anything else and I can't imagine not doing what I do." He is also often asked why he writes such terrifying stories and he answers with another question "Why do you assume I have a choice?"
King often uses authors as characters, or includes mention of fictional books in his stories, novellas and novels, such as Paul Sheldon who is the main character in ''Misery'' and Jack Torrance in ''The Shining''. See also List of fictional books in the works of Stephen King for a complete list. In September 2009 it was announced he would serve as a writer for ''Fangoria''.
Influences
King has called Richard Matheson "the author who influenced me most as a writer." Both authors casually integrate characters' thoughts into the third person narration, just one of several parallels between their writing styles. In a current edition of Matheson's ''The Shrinking Man'', King is quoted: "A horror story if there ever was one...a great adventure story—it is certainly one of that select handful that I have given to people, envying them the experience of the first reading."King refers to H. P. Lovecraft several times in ''Danse Macabre''. "Gramma", a short story made into a film in the 1980s anthology horror show ''The New Twilight Zone'', mentions Lovecraft's notorious fictional creation ''Necronomicon'', also borrowing the names of a number of the fictional monsters mentioned therein. "I Know What You Need" from the 1976 collection ''Night Shift'', and '''Salem's Lot'' also mention the tome. In ''On Writing'', King is critical of Lovecraft's dialogue-writing skills, using passages from ''The Colour Out of Space'' as particularly poor examples. There are also several examples of King referring to Lovecraftian characters in his work, such as Nyarlathotep and Yog-Sothoth.
King acknowledges the influence of Bram Stoker, particularly on his novel '''Salem's Lot'', which he envisioned as a retelling of ''Dracula''. Its related short story "Jerusalem's Lot", is reminiscent of Stoker's ''The Lair of the White Worm''.
King has also referenced author Shirley Jackson. '''Salem's Lot'' opens with a quotation from Jackson's ''The Haunting of Hill House'', and a character in ''Wolves of the Calla'' references the Jackson book ''We Have Always Lived in the Castle''.
King is a fan of John D. MacDonald, and dedicated the novella "Sun Dog" to MacDonald, saying "I miss you, old friend." For his part, MacDonald wrote an admiring preface to ''Night Shift'', and even had his famous character, Travis McGee, reading ''Cujo'' in one of the last McGee novels and ''Pet Sematary'' in the last McGee novel, ''The Lonely Silver Rain.''
In 1987 King's Philtrum Press published Don Robertson's novel, ''The Ideal, Genuine Man''. In his forenote to the novel, King wrote, "Don Robertson was and is one of the three writers who influenced me as a young man who was trying to 'become' a novelist (the other two being Richard Matheson and John D. MacDonald)."
Robert A. Heinlein's book ''The Door into Summer'' is repeatedly mentioned in King's ''Wolves of the Calla''.
In an interview with King, Published in the ''USA Weekend'' in March 2009, the author stated, "People look on writers that they like as an irreplaceable resource. I do. Elmore Leonard, every day I wake up and – not to be morbid or anything, although morbid is my life to a degree – don't see his obituary in the paper, I think to myself, "Great! He's probably working somewhere. He's gonna produce another book, and I'll have another book to read." Because when he's gone, there's nobody else."
King partly dedicated his book ''Cell'' to film director George Romero, and wrote an essay for the Elite DVD version of ''Night of the Living Dead''.
Critical response
Although critical reaction to King's work has been mostly positive, he has occasionally come under fire from academic writers.Science fiction editors John Clute and Peter Nichols offer a largely favorable appraisal of King, noting his "pungent prose, sharp ear for dialogue, disarmingly laid-back, frank style, along with his passionately fierce denunciation of human stupidity and cruelty (especially to children) [all of which rank] him among the more distinguished 'popular' writers."
In his analysis of post-World War II horror fiction, ''The Modern Weird Tale'' (2001), critic S. T. Joshi devotes a chapter to King's work. Joshi argues that King's best-known works (his supernatural novels), are his worst, describing them as mostly bloated, illogical, maudlin and prone to ''deus ex machina'' endings. Despite these criticisms, Joshi argues that since ''Gerald's Game'' (1993), King has been tempering the worst of his writing faults, producing books that are leaner, more believable and generally better written. Joshi suggests that King's strengths as a writer include the accessible "everyman" quality of his prose, and his unfailingly insightful observations about the pains and joys of adolescence. Joshi cites two early non-supernatural novels—''Rage'' (1977) and ''The Running Man'' (1982)—as King's best, suggesting both are riveting and well-constructed suspense thrillers, with believable characters.
In 1996, King won an O. Henry Award for his short story "The Man in the Black Suit".
In 2003, King was honored by the National Book Awards with a lifetime achievement award, the Medal of Distinguished Contribution to American Letters, with his work being described thus:
Stephen King’s writing is securely rooted in the great American tradition that glorifies spirit-of-place and the abiding power of narrative. He crafts stylish, mind-bending page-turners that contain profound moral truths–some beautiful, some harrowing–about our inner lives. This Award commemorates Mr. King’s well-earned place of distinction in the wide world of readers and book lovers of all ages.
Some in the literary community expressed disapproval of the award: Richard Snyder, the former CEO of Simon & Schuster, described King's work as "non-literature", and critic Harold Bloom denounced the choice:
The decision to give the National Book Foundation's annual award for "distinguished contribution" to Stephen King is extraordinary, another low in the shocking process of dumbing down our cultural life. I've described King in the past as a writer of penny dreadfuls, but perhaps even that is too kind. He shares nothing with Edgar Allan Poe. What he is is an immensely inadequate writer on a sentence-by-sentence, paragraph-by-paragraph, book-by-book basis.
However, others came to King's defense, such as writer Orson Scott Card, who responded:
Let me assure you that King's work most definitely is literature, because it was written to be published and is read with admiration. What Snyder really means is that it is not the literature preferred by the academic-literary elite."
In Roger Ebert's review of the 2004 movie ''Secret Window'', he stated, "A lot of people were outraged that [King] was honored at the National Book Awards, as if a popular writer could not be taken seriously. But after finding that his book ''On Writing'' had more useful and observant things to say about the craft than any book since Strunk and White's ''The Elements of Style'', I have gotten over my own snobbery."
In 2008, King's book ''On Writing'' was ranked 21st on ''Entertainment Weekly'' list of "The New Classics: The 100 Best Reads from 1983 to 2008".
Appearances and adaptations in other media
Stephen and his wife Tabitha own The Zone Corporation, a central Maine radio station group consisting of WZON, WZON-FM, and WKIT. The last of the three stations features a Frankenstein-esque character named "Doug E. Graves" as part of the logo and the tagline "Stephen King's Rock 'n' Roll Station."King has stated that his favorite book-to-film adaptations are ''Stand by Me'', ''The Shawshank Redemption'', and ''The Mist''.
King's first film appearance was in George Romero's ''Knightriders'' as a buffoonish audience member. His first featured role was in ''Creepshow'', playing Jordy Verrill, a backwoods redneck who, after touching a fallen meteorite in hopes of selling it, grows moss all over his body. He has since made cameos in several adaptations of his works. He appeared in ''Pet Sematary'' as a minister at a funeral, in ''Rose Red'' as a pizza deliveryman, as a news reporter in ''The Storm of the Century'', in ''The Stand'' as "Teddy Wieszack," in the ''Shining'' miniseries as a band member, in ''The Langoliers'' as Tom Holby and in ''Sleepwalkers'' as the cemetery caretaker. He has also appeared in ''The Golden Years'', in ''Chappelle's Show'' and, along with fellow author Amy Tan, on ''The Simpsons'' as himself. In addition to acting, King tried his hand at directing with ''Maximum Overdrive'', in which he also made a cameo appearance as a man using an ATM that is on the fritz.
King produced and acted in a miniseries, ''Kingdom Hospital'', which is based on the Danish miniseries ''Riget'' by Lars von Trier. He also co-wrote ''The X-Files'' season 5 episode "Chinga" with the creator of the series Chris Carter.
King made an appearance as a contestant on ''Celebrity Jeopardy!'' in 1995, playing to benefit the Bangor Public Library.
King provided the voice of Abraham Lincoln in the audiobook version of ''Assassination Vacation''.
In 2010, King appeared in a cameo role as a cleaner named Bachman on the FX series ''Sons of Anarchy''.
The Syfy TV series ''Haven'' is based on King's novella, ''The Colorado Kid''.
Political activism
In April 2008, King spoke out against HB 1423, a bill pending in the Massachusetts state legislature that would restrict or ban the sale of violent video games to anyone under the age of 18. Although King stated that he had no personal interest in video games as a hobby, he criticized the proposed law, which he sees as an attempt by politicians to scapegoat pop culture, and to act as surrogate parents to others' children, which he asserted is usually "disastrous" and "undemocratic". He also saw the law as inconsistent, as it would forbid a 17-year-old, legally able to see ''Hostel: Part II'', from buying or renting ''Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas'', which is violent but less graphic. While conceding that he saw no artistic merit in some violent video games, King also opined that such games reflect the violence that already exists in society, which would not be lessened by such a law, and would be redundant in light of the ratings system that already exists for video games. King argued that such laws allow legislators to ignore the economic divide between the rich and poor, and the easy availability of guns, which he felt were the more legitimate causes of violence.A controversy emerged on May 5, 2008, when a conservative blogger posted a clip of King at a Library of Congress reading event. King, talking to high-school students, had said: "If you can read, you can walk into a job later on. If you don't, then you've got the Army, Iraq, I don't know, something like that." The comment was described by the blog as "another in a long line of liberal media members bashing the military," and likened to John Kerry's similar remark from 2006. King responded later that day, saying, "That a right-wing-blog would impugn my patriotism because I said children should learn to read, and could get better jobs by doing so, is beneath contempt...I live in a national guard town, and I support our troops, but I don’t support either the war or educational policies that limit the options of young men and women to any one career—military or otherwise." King again defended his comment in an interview with the ''Bangor Daily News'' on May 8, saying, "I’m not going to apologize for promoting that kids get better education in high school, so they have more options. Those that don’t agree with what I’m saying, I’m not going to change their minds."
King's website states that he is a supporter of the Democratic Party. During the 2008 presidential election, King voiced his support for Democratic candidate Barack Obama. King was quoted as calling conservative commentator Glenn Beck "Satan's mentally challenged younger brother."
On March 8, 2011, King spoke at a political rally in Sarasota aimed against Governor Rick Scott (R-FL), voicing his opposition to the Tea Party movement.
Personal life
King and his wife own and occupy three different houses, one in Bangor, one in Lovell, Maine, and they regularly winter in their waterfront mansion located off the Gulf of Mexico, in Sarasota, Florida. He and Tabitha have three children and three grandchildren.Shortly after publication of ''The Tommyknockers'', King's family and friends staged an intervention, dumping evidence of his addictions taken from the trash including beer cans, cigarette butts, grams of cocaine, Xanax, Valium, NyQuil, dextromethorphan (cough medicine) and marijuana, on the rug in front of him. As King related in his memoir, he then sought help and quit all forms of drugs and alcohol in the late 1980s, and has remained sober since.
Tabitha King has published nine of her own novels. Both King's sons are published authors: Owen King published his first collection of stories, ''We're All in This Together: A Novella and Stories'', in 2005. Joseph Hillstrom published a collection of short stories, ''20th Century Ghosts'', in 2005. and his first novel, ''Heart-Shaped Box'' will be adapted into a feature film by director Neil Jordan.
King's daughter Naomi spent two years as a minister in the Unitarian Universalist Church, in Utica, New York. Naomi now ministers for the Unitarian Universalist Church of River of Grass, in Plantation, Florida with her same-sex partner, Rev. Dr. Thandeka.
King was raised Methodist, while his wife, Tabitha, was raised Catholic.
King is a fan of baseball, and of the Boston Red Sox in particular; he frequently attends the team's home and away games, and occasionally mentions the team in his novels and stories. He helped coach his son Owen's Bangor West team to the Maine Little League Championship in 1989. He recounts this experience in the ''New Yorker'' essay "Head Down", which also appears in the collection ''Nightmares & Dreamscapes''. In 1999, King wrote ''The Girl Who Loved Tom Gordon,'' which featured former Red Sox pitcher Tom Gordon as the protagonist's imaginary companion. In 2004, King co-wrote a book titled ''Faithful: Two Diehard Boston Red Sox Fans Chronicle the Historic 2004 Season'' with Stewart O'Nan, recounting the authors' roller coaster reaction to the Red Sox's 2004 season, a season culminating in the Sox winning the 2004 American League Championship Series and World Series. In the 2005 film ''Fever Pitch,'' about an obsessive Boston Red Sox fan, King tosses out the first pitch of the Sox's opening day game. He has also devoted one of his columns for ''Entertainment Weekly'' on the subject of commercialism in Major League Baseball. He also starred in an ESPN ''SportsCenter'' advertisement referencing both his allegiance to the Red Sox and his preferred writing genre (horror fiction).
Awards
Alex Awards 2009: ''Just After Sunset''
See also
;Bibliography;King's fictional topography
;Projects
;Publishers
;Derivative works
References
Additional reading
External links
Category:1947 births Category:20th-century novelists Category:21st-century novelists Category:American horror writers Category:American novelists Category:American schoolteachers Category:American short story writers Category:Authors of books about writing fiction Category:Cthulhu Mythos writers Category:Horror writers Category:Living people Category:Maine Democrats Category:O. Henry Award winners Category:People from Bangor, Maine Category:People from Portland, Maine Category:People from Sarasota, Florida Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:Rock Bottom Remainders members Category:University of Maine alumni Category:Writers from Maine Category:Postmodern writers
af:Stephen King ar:ستيفن كينغ an:Stephen King az:Stiven Kinq bn:স্টিফেন কিং be:Стывен Кінг be-x-old:Стывэн Кінг bs:Stephen King br:Stephen King bg:Стивън Кинг ca:Stephen King cs:Stephen King cy:Stephen King da:Stephen King de:Stephen King et:Stephen King el:Στίβεν Κινγκ es:Stephen King eo:Stephen King eu:Stephen King fa:استیون کینگ fr:Stephen King ga:Stephen King gl:Stephen King gu:સ્ટીફન કિંગ ko:스티븐 킹 hy:Սթիվեն Քինգ hr:Stephen King io:Stephen King id:Stephen King ie:Stephen King is:Stephen King it:Stephen King he:סטיבן קינג ka:სტივენ კინგი la:Stephanus King lv:Stīvens Kings lt:Stephen Edwin King hu:Stephen King mk:Стивен Кинг ml:സ്റ്റീഫൻ കിങ് mr:स्टीवन किंग ms:Stephen King nl:Stephen King (schrijver) ja:スティーヴン・キング no:Stephen King nn:Stephen King uz:Stiven King pl:Stephen King pt:Stephen King ro:Stephen King ru:Кинг, Стивен sq:Stephen King simple:Stephen King sk:Stephen King sl:Stephen King szl:Stephen King sr:Stiven King sh:Stephen King fi:Stephen King sv:Stephen King ta:ஸ்டீபன் கிங் kab:Stephen King th:สตีเฟน คิง tr:Stephen King uk:Стівен Кінг vi:Stephen King yo:Stephen King zh:斯蒂芬·金This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 28°36′50″N77°12′32″N |
|---|---|
| name | Rudolph Valentino |
| birth name | Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Piero Filiberto Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguolla |
| birth date | May 06, 1895 |
| birth place | Castellaneta, Italy |
| death date | August 23, 1926 |
| death place | New York City, New York, U.S. |
| years active | 1914–1926 |
| occupation | Actor |
| spouse | }} |
Rudolph Valentino (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926) was an Italian actor, and early pop icon. A sex symbol of the 1920s, Valentino was known as the "Latin Lover". He starred in several well known silent films including ''The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse'', ''The Sheik'', ''Blood and Sand'', ''The Eagle'' and ''Son of the Sheik''.
His sudden death at age 31 caused mass hysteria among his female fans, propelling him into icon status. Though his films are not as well known today, his name is still widely known.
Early life
Childhood
Valentino was born Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Pierre Filibert Guglielmi di Valentina D'Antonguolla in Castellaneta, Puglia, Kingdom of Italy, to a French mother, Marie Berthe Gabrielle Barbin (1856–1919), and Giovanni Antonio Giuseppe Fedele Guglielmi, a veterinarian who died of malaria when Valentino was 11. He had an older brother, Alberto (1892–1981), a younger sister, Maria, and an older sister Beatrice who died in infancy.As a child, Valentino was reportedly spoiled and troublesome. His mother coddled him while his father disapproved of his behavior. He did poorly in school, and was eventually enrolled in agricultural school where he received a degree.
After living in Paris in 1912, he soon returned to Italy. Unable to secure employment, he departed for the United States in 1913. He was processed at Ellis Island at age 18 on December 23, 1913.
New York
Arriving in New York City, Valentino soon ran out of money and spent a period of time on the streets. He eventually supported himself with odd jobs such as busing tables in restaurants and gardening. Eventually, he found work as a taxi dancer at Maxim's. Among the other dancers at Maxim's were several displaced members of European nobility and there was a premium in demand for them.Valentino eventually befriended Chilean heiress Blanca de Saulles who was unhappily married to prominent businessman John de Saulles, with whom she had a son. Whether Blanca and Valentino actually had a romantic relationship is unknown, but when the de Saulles couple divorced, Valentino took the stand to support Blanca de Saulles' claims of infidelity on her husband's part. Following the divorce, John de Saulles reportedly used his political connections to have Valentino arrested, along with a Mrs. Thyme, a known madam, on some unspecified vice charges. The evidence was flimsy at best and after a few days in jail, Valentino's bail was lowered from $10,000 to $1,500.
The trial and subsequent scandal was well publicized, following which Valentino could not find employment. Shortly after the trial, Blanca de Saulles fatally shot her ex-husband during a custody dispute over their son. Fearful of being called in as a witness in another sensational trial, Valentino left town, joining a traveling musical that led him to the West Coast.
Film career
Early bit parts
In 1917, Rudolph Valentino joined an operetta company that traveled to Utah where it disbanded. He then joined an Al Jolson production of ''Robinson Crusoe Jr.'', travelling to Los Angeles. By fall, he was in San Francisco with a bit part in a theatrical production of ''Nobody Home''. While in town, Valentino met actor Norman Kerry, who convinced him to try a career in cinema, still in the silent film era.Valentino, with Kerry as a roommate, moved back to Los Angeles and took up residence at the Alexandria Hotel. He continued dancing, teaching dance and building up a following which included older female clientele who would let him borrow their luxury cars.
With his dancing success, Valentino found a room of his own on Sunset Boulevard and began actively seeking screen roles. His first part was as an extra in the film ''Alimony'', moving on to small parts in several films. Despite his best efforts he was typically cast as a "heavy" (villain) or gangster. At the time, the major male star was Wallace Reid, with a fair complexion, light eyes, and an All American look, with Valentino the opposite, eventually supplanting Sessue Hayakawa as Hollywood's most popular "exotic" male lead.
By 1919, he had carved out a career in bit parts. It was a bit part as a "cabaret parasite" in the drama ''Eyes of Youth'' that caught the attention of screenwriter June Mathis, who thought he would be perfect for her next movie. He also appeared as second lead in ''The Delicious Little Devil'' (1919) with star Mae Murray.
Acting
Displeased with playing "heavies", Valentino briefly entertained the idea of returning to New York permanently. He returned for a visit in 1917, staying with friends in Greenwich Village, eventually settling in Bayside, Queens. It was here he met Paul Ivano, who would help his career greatly.While traveling to Palm Springs, Florida to film ''Stolen Moments'', Valentino read the novel ''The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse'' by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez. Seeking out a trade paper, he discovered that Metro had bought the film rights to the story. In New York, he sought out Metro's Office, only to find June Mathis had been trying to find him. She cast him in the role of Julio Desnoyers. For director, Mathis had chosen Rex Ingram, with whom Valentino did not get along, leading Mathis to play the role of peacekeeper between the two.
''The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse'' was released in 1921, becoming a commercial and critical success. It was one of the first films to make $1,000,000 at the box office, as well as the sixth highest grossing silent film ever.
Metro Pictures seemed unwilling to acknowledge it had made a star. Most likely due to Rex Ingram's lack of faith in him, the studio refused to give him a raise beyond the $350 a week he had made for ''Four Horsemen''. For his follow up film, they forced him into a bit part in a B film called ''Uncharted Seas''. It was on this film that Valentino met his second wife, Natacha Rambova.
Rambova, Mathis, Ivano, and Valentino began work on the Alla Nazimova film ''Camille''. Valentino was cast in the role of Armand, Nazimova's love interest. The film, mostly under the control of Rambova and Nazimova, was considered too avant garde by critics and the public.
Valentino's final film for Metro was the Mathis-penned ''The Conquering Power''. The film received critical acclaim and did well at the box office. After the film's release, Valentino made a trip to New York where he met with several French producers. Yearning for Europe, better pay, and more respect, Valentino returned and promptly quit Metro.
''The Sheik''
After quitting Metro, Valentino took up with Famous Players-Lasky, a studio known for films that were more commercially focused. Mathis soon joined him, angering both Ivano and Rambova.Jesse Lasky intended to capitalize on the star power of Valentino, and cast him in a role that would solidify his reputation as the "Latin Lover". In ''The Sheik'', Valentino played the starring role as Sheik Ahmed Ben Hassan. The film was a major success and would go on to define not only his career but his image and legacy. Valentino tried to distance the character from a stereotypical portrayal of an Arab man. Asked if Lady Diana (his love interest) would have fallen for a 'savage' in real life Valentino replied, "People are not savages because they have dark skins. The Arabian civilization is one of the oldest in the world...the Arabs are dignified and keen brained."
Famous Players produced four more feature length films over the next 15 months. His leading role in ''Moran of the Lady Letty'' was of a typical Douglas Fairbanks nature, however to capitalize on Valentino's bankability, his character was given a Spanish name and ancestry. The film received mixed reviews but was still a hit with audiences.
In November 1921, Valentino starred alongside Gloria Swanson in ''Beyond the Rocks''. The film contained lavish sets and extravagant costumes, though ''Photoplay'' magazine said the film was "a little unreal and hectic". Released in 1922, the film was a critical disappointment. Years after its release, ''Beyond the Rocks'' was thought to be lost, save for a one minute portion. In 2002, the film was discovered by the Netherlands Film Museum. The restored version was released on DVD in 2006.
In 1922, Valentino began work on another Mathis-penned film, ''Blood and Sand''. Co-starring Lila Lee and Nita Naldi, Valentino played the lead, bullfighter Juan Gallardo. Initially believing the film would be shot in Spain, Valentino was upset to learn that the studio planned on shooting on a Hollywood back lot. He was further irritated by changes in production, including a director of whom he did not approve.
After finishing the film, Valentino married Rambova, which led to a bigamy trial. The trial was a sensation and the pair was forced to have their marriage annulled and separated for a year. Despite the trial, the film was still a success, with critics calling it a masterpiece on par with ''Broken Blossoms'' and ''Four Horsemen''. ''Blood and Sand'' went on to become one of the top four grossing movies of 1922, breaking attendance records, and grossing $37,400 at the Rivoli Theatre alone. Valentino would consider this one of his best films.
During his forced break from Rambova, the pair began working (separately) on the Mathis-penned ''The Young Rajah''. Only fragments of this film, recovered in 2005, still remain. The film did not live up to expectations and underperformed at the box office. Valentino felt he had underperformed in the film, being upset over his separation with Rambova. Missing Rambova, Valentino returned to New York after the release of ''The Young Rajah''. They were spotted and followed by reporters constantly. During this time Valentino began to contemplate not returning to Famous Players, although Jesse Lasky already had his next picture, ''The Spanish Cavalier'', in preparation. After speaking with Rambova and his lawyer Arthur Butler Graham, Valentino declared a 'One man Strike' against Famous Players.
Strike against Famous Players
Valentino's reasons for striking were financially based. At the time of his lawsuit against the studio, Valentino was earning $1,250 per week, with an increase to $3,000 after three years. This was $7,000 per week less than what Mary Pickford made in 1916. He was also upset over the broken promise of filming ''Blood and Sand'' in Spain, and the failure to shoot the next proposed film in either Spain or at least New York. Valentino had hoped while filming in Europe he could see his family, whom he hadn’t seen in ten years.In September 1922, he refused to accept paychecks from Famous Players until the dispute was solved, although he owed them money he had spent to pay off Jean Acker. Angered, Famous Players in turn filed suit against him.
Valentino did not back down, and Famous Players realized how much they stood to lose. In trouble after shelving Fatty Arbuckle pictures, the studio tried to settle by upping his salary from $1,250 to $7,000 a week. Variety, erroneously, announced the salary increase as a 'new contract' before news of the lawsuit was released. Valentino refused the offer.
Valentino went on to claim that artistic control was more of an issue than the money. He wrote an open letter to Photoplay magazine, entitled "Open Letter to the American Public", where he argued his case, although the average American had trouble sympathizing, as most made $2,000 a year. Famous Players made their own public statements deeming him more trouble than he was worth (the divorce, bigamy trials, debts) and that he was temperamental, almost diva-like. They claimed to have done all they could and that they had made him a real star.
Other studios began courting him. Joseph Schenck was interested in casting his wife, Norma Talmadge, opposite Valentino in a version of ''Romeo and Juliet''. June Mathis had moved to Goldwyn Pictures where she was in charge of the ''Ben-Hur'' project, and interested in casting Valentino in the film. However, Famous Players exercised their option to extend his contract, preventing him from accepting any employment other than with the studio. By this point Valentino was around $80,000 in debt. Valentino filed an appeal, a portion of which was granted. Although he was still not allowed to work as an actor, he could accept other types of employment.
Mineralava Dance Tour
In late 1922, Valentino met George Ullman, who would soon become Valentino's manager. Ullman previously had worked with Mineralava Beauty Clay Company, and convinced them that Valentino would be perfect as a spokesman with his legions of female fans.The tour was a tremendous success with Valentino and Rambova performing in 88 cities in the United States and Canada. In addition to the tour, Valentino also sponsored Mineralava beauty products and judged Mineralava sponsored beauty contests. One beauty contest was filmed by a young David O. Selznick entitled ''Rudolph Valentino and His 88 Beauties''.
Return to films
When Valentino returned to the United States, it was to an offer from Ritz-Carlton Pictures (working through Famous Players), which included $7,500 a week, creative control, and filming in New York. Rambova negotiated a two picture deal with Famous Players and four pictures for Ritz Carlton. He accepted, turning down an offer to film an Italian production of ''Quo Vadis'' in Italy.The first film under the new contract was ''Monsieur Beaucaire'', wherein Valentino played the lead, Duke of Chartres. The film did poorly and American audiences found it 'effeminate'. The failure of the film, under Rambova's control, is often seen as proof of her controlling nature and would later cause her to be barred from Valentino sets. Valentino made one final movie for Famous Players. In 1924 he starred in ''The Sainted Devil'', now one of his lost films. It had lavish costumes but apparently a weak story. It opened to strong sales but soon dropped off in attendance and ended up as another disappointment.
With his contract fulfilled, Valentino was released from Famous Players but still obligated to Ritz-Carlton for four films. Valentino's next film was a pet project entitled ''The Hooded Falcon''. The production was beset with problems from the start, beginning with the script written by June Mathis. The Valentinos were dissatisfied with Mathis' version and requested that it be rewritten. Mathis took it as a great insult and did not speak to Valentino for almost two years. While Rambova worked designing costumes and rewriting the script for ''Falcon'', Valentino was persuaded to film ''Cobra'' with Nita Naldi. Valentino agreed only on condition that it not be released until after ''The Hooded Falcon'' debuted.
After filming ''Cobra'', the cast of ''The Hooded Falcon'' sailed for France to be fitted for costumes. After three months, they headed back to the United States, where Valentino's new beard, which he had grown for the film, caused a sensation. The crew and cast headed for Hollywood to begin preparations for the film, but much of the budget was taken up during pre-production. Due to the Valentinos' lavish spending on costumes and sets, Ritz-Carlton terminated the deal with the couple, effectively ending Valentino's contract with Ritz-Carlton.
United Artists
During the filming of ''Monsieur Beaucaire'', both Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks approached Valentino privately, due to his contract with Ritz Carlton, about joining with United Artists. Valentino's contract with United Artists provided $10,000 a week for only three pictures a year, plus a percentage of his films. The contract excluded Rambova from production of his films and the film set. Valentino's acceptance of the terms caused a major rift in his marriage to Rambova. George Ullman, who had negotiated the contract with United Artists, offered Rambova $30,000 to finance a film of her own. It became her one and only film, titled ''What Price Beauty?'' and starred Myrna Loy.Valentino chose his first UA project, ''The Eagle''. With the marriage under strain, Valentino began shooting and Rambova announced that she needed a "marital vacation". During the filming of ''The Eagle'', rumors of an affair with co-star Vilma Bánky were reported and ultimately denied by both Bánky and Valentino. The film opened to positive reviews, but a moderate box office.
For the film's release, Valentino travelled to London, staying there and in France, spending money with abandon while his divorce took place. It would be some time before he made another film, ''The Son of the Sheik'', despite his hatred of the sheik image. The film began shooting in February 1926, with Valentino given his choice of director, and pairing him again with Vilma Banky. The film used the authentic costumes he bought abroad and allowed him to play a dual role. Valentino was ill during production, but needed the money to pay his many debts. The film opened on July 8, 1926 to great fanfare. During the premiere, Valentino was reconciled with Mathis; the two had not spoken in almost two years.
Image
Dating back to the de Saulle trial in New York, during which his masculinity had been questioned in print, Valentino had been very sensitive with his public perception. Women loved him and thought him the epitome of romance. However, American men were less impressed, walking out of his movies in disgust. With the Fairbanks type being the epitome of manhood, Valentino was seen as a threat to the All American man. One man asked in a street interview what he thought of Valentino in 1922 replied, "Many men desire to be another Douglas Fairbanks. But Valentino? I wonder..." Women in the same interview found Valentino, "triumphantly seductive. Puts the love-making of the average husband or sweetheart into discard as tame, flat, and unimpassioned." Men may have wanted to act like Fairbanks, but they copied Valentino's look. A man with perfectly greased-back hair was called a "Vaselino".Some journalists were still calling his masculinity into question, going on at length about his pomaded hair, his dandyish clothing, his treatment of women, his views on women, and whether he was effeminate or not. Valentino hated these stories and was known to carry the clippings of the newspaper articles around with him and criticize them.
In July 1926, The ''Chicago Tribune'' reported that a vending machine dispensing pink talcum powder had appeared in an upscale hotel washroom. An editorial that followed used the story to protest the feminization of American men, and blamed the talcum powder on Valentino and his films. The piece infuriated Valentino and he challenged the writer to a duel and then a boxing match. Neither challenge was answered. Shortly afterward, Valentino met with journalist H.L. Mencken for advice on how best to deal with the incident. Mencken advised Valentino to "let the dreadful farce roll along to exhaustion", but Valentino insisted the editorial was "infamous." Mencken found Valentino to be likable and gentlemanly and wrote sympathetically of him in an article published in the ''Baltimore Sun'' a week after Valentino's death:
After Valentino challenged the ''Tribune'''s anonymous writer to a boxing match, the ''New York Evening Journal'' boxing writer, Frank O'Neill, volunteered to fight in his place. Valentino won the bout which took place on the roof of New York's Ambassador Hotel.
Boxing heavyweight champion Jack Dempsey, who trained Valentino and other Hollywood notables of the era in the art of boxing, said of him "He was the most virile and masculine of men. The women were like flies to a honeypot. He could never shake them off, anywhere he went. What a lovely, lucky guy."
Other ventures
In 1923, Valentino published a book of poetry which entitled ''Day Dreams'', He would later serialize events in various magazines. With ''Liberty'' magazine, he wrote a series entitled, "How You Can Keep Fit" in 1923. "My Life Story" was serialized in ''Photoplay'' during his dance tour. The March issue was one of the best selling ever for the magazine. He followed that with ''My Private Diary'', serialized in ''Movie Weekly'' magazine. Most of the serials were later published as books after his death.Valentino was fascinated with every part of movie-making. During production on a Mae Murray film he spent time studying the director's plans. He craved authenticity and wished to shoot on location, finally forming his own production company, ''Rudolph Valentino Productions'', in 1925. Valentino, George Ullman, and Beatrice Ullman were the incorporators.
On May 14, 1923, while in New York City, Valentino made his only two vocal recordings for Brunswick Records; "Kashmiri Song" (''The Sheik'') and "El Relicario" (''Blood and Sand''). The recordings were not released until after Valentino's death by the Celebrity Recording Company; Brunswick did not release them because Valentino's English/Spanish pronunciation was subpar.
Valentino was one of the first in Hollywood to offer an award for artist accomplishments in films. The Academy Awards would later follow suit. In 1925, he gave out his one and only medal, to John Barrymore, for his performance in ''Beau Brummel''. The award, named ''The Rudolph Valentino Medal'', required the agreement of Valentino, two judges and the votes of 75 critics. Everyone other than Valentino himself was eligible.
Personal life
In 1919, just before the rise of his career, Valentino impulsively married actress Jean Acker who was involved with actress Grace Darmond and Alla Nazimova. Acker got involved with Valentino in part to remove herself from the lesbian love triangle, quickly regretted the marriage, and locked Valentino out of their room on their wedding night. The couple separated soon after, the marriage never consummated. The couple remained legally married until 1921, when Acker sued Valentino for divorce, citing desertion. The divorce was granted with Acker receiving alimony. Despite her antics and use of the name "Mrs. Valentino" (a name to which she had no legal right), she and Valentino eventually renewed their friendship. The two remained friends until his death.Valentino first met Natacha Rambova, a costume designer and art director and protégée of Nazimova, on the set of ''Uncharted Seas'' in 1921. The two worked together on the Nazimova production of ''Camille'', by which time they were romantically involved. They married on May 13, 1922, in Mexicali, Mexico, which resulted in Valentino's arrest for bigamy since he had not been divorced for a full year, as required by California law at the time. Days passed and his studio at the time, Famous Players-Lasky, refused to post bail. Eventually, a few friends were able to post the cash bail.
Having to wait the year or face the possibility of being arrested again, Rambova and Valentino lived in separate apartments in New York City, each with their own roommates. On March 14, 1923, they legally remarried.
Many of Valentino's friends disliked Rambova and found her controlling. During his relationship with her, he lost many friends and business associates, including June Mathis. Toward the end of their marriage, Rambova was banned from his sets by contract. Valentino and Rambova divorced in 1925. The end of the marriage was bitter, with Valentino bequeathing Rambova one dollar in his will.
From the time he died until the 1960s, Valentino's sexuality was not generally questioned. At least four books, particularly ''Hollywood Babylon'', began to perpetuate that he may have been homosexual despite his marriage with Rambova. In fact, the marriages to Acker and Rambova, as well as the relationship with Pola Negri only serves to add to the suspicion that Valentino was homosexual and that these were "lavender marriages", as all have documented lesbian relationships. Such books gave rise to claims that Valentino had a relationship with Ramón Novarro, despite even Novarro stating they barely knew each other. ''Hollywood Babylon'' in particular spread the rumor that Valentino had given Novarro an art deco dildo as a gift, which was found stuffed in his throat at the time of his murder. No such gift ever existed. These books also gave rise to claims that he may have had relationships with both roommates Paul Ivano and Douglas Gerrad, as well as Norman Kerry, openly gay French actor Jacques Herbertot and André Daven. However, Ivano maintained that it was completely untrue and both he and Valentino were heterosexual. Biographers Emily Leider and Allan Ellenberger generally agree that he was most likely straight.
Further evidence that Valentino was gay are documents in the estate of the late author Samuel Steward indicating that Valentino was a sexual partner of his. However, evidence found in Steward's claim was subsequently refuted. In 1924, Valentino recorded an explicit account of a one night stand with another man in his journal.
Shortly before his death, Valentino was dating actress Pola Negri. Upon his death, Negri made a scene at his funeral, claiming they had been engaged. Valentino had never confirmed the engagement claim.
Death and funeral
On August 15, 1926, Valentino collapsed at the Hotel Ambassador in New York City, New York. He was hospitalized at the Polyclinic in New York and an examination showed him to be suffering from appendicitis and gastric ulcers which required an immediate operation. Despite surgery Valentino developed peritonitis. On August 18 his doctors gave an optimistic prognosis for Valentino and told the media that unless Valentino's condition changed for the worse there was no need for updates. However, on August 21 he was stricken with a severe pleuritis relapse that developed rapidly in his left lung due to the actor's weakened condition. The doctors realized that he was going to die, but, as was common at the time with terminal patients, decided to withhold the prognosis from the actor who believed that his condition would pass. During the early hours of August 23, Valentino was briefly conscious and chatted with his doctors about his future. He fell back into a coma and died a few hours later, at the age of 31.An estimated 100,000 people lined the streets of New York City to pay their respects at his funeral, handled by the Frank Campbell Funeral Home. The event was a drama itself: Suicides of despondent fans were reported. Windows were smashed as fans tried to get in and an all day riot erupted on August 24. Over 100 Mounted officers and NYPD's Police Reserve was deployed to restore order. A phalanx of officers would line the streets for the remainder of the viewing. The drama inside would not be outdone. Polish Actress Pola Negri, claiming to be Valentino's fiancee, collapsed in hysterics while standing over the coffin, and Campbell's hired four actors to impersonate a Fascist Blackshirt honor guard, which claimed to have been sent by Benito Mussolini. It was later revealed as a planned publicity stunt. Media reports that the body on display in the main salon was not Valentino but a decoy were continually denied by Campbell.
Valentino's funeral mass in New York was held at Saint Malachy's Roman Catholic Church, often called "The Actor's Chapel", as it is located on West 49th Street in the Broadway theater district, and has a long association with show business figures.
After the body was taken by train across the country, a second funeral was held on the West Coast, at the Catholic Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills. Valentino had no final burial arrangements and his friend June Mathis offered her crypt for him in what she thought would be a temporary solution. However, she died the following year and Valentino was placed in the adjoining crypt. The two are still interred side by side in adjoining crypts at the Hollywood Memorial Park Cemetery (now the Hollywood Forever Cemetery) in Hollywood, California.
Estate
Valentino left his estate to his brother, sister, and Rambova's aunt Teresa Werner, who was left the share originally bequeathed to Rambova. His Beverly Hills mansion, Falcon Lair, was later owned by heiress Doris Duke. Duke died there in 1993. The home was later sold and underwent major renovations. The estate was bulldozed in 2006 and put back on the market.Also in 2010, Rudolph Valentino's historic Bayside, Queens, house was restored. John Joseph Fasano, a New York artist, restored all the original mahagony in the famous "Valentino Room". Fasano also painted two traditional murals in oil paint at the estate, and created decorative wall finishes inside the "Valentino Room".
Legacy
After his death many of his films were reissued to help pay his estate expenses. Many were reissued well into the 1930s, long after the demise of silent film. Several books were written including one by Rambova. Several songs, including "There's a New Star in Heaven Tonight" and one by his first wife Jean Acker, entitled "We will meet at the end of the trail", became best sellers. A photomontage print showed Valentino arriving in Heaven and being greeted by Enrico Caruso.Over the years, a "woman in black" carrying a red rose has come to mourn at Valentino's grave, usually on the anniversary of his death. Several myths surround the woman, though it seems the first woman in black was actually a publicity stunt cooked up by press agent Russel Birdwell in 1928. Several copycats have followed over the years.
Valentino has been depicted frequently in literature, most notably in Mitzi Szereto's ''Wicked: Sexy Tales of Legendary Lovers'' and Jacob Appel's ''After Valentino''.
Valentino's hometown of Castellaneta, Italy has created several services in his honor. A Museo Rodolfo Valentino was opened in his childhood home. A Fondazione Rodolfo Valentino was created to promote his life and his work. In 2009 a film school was also opened in his hometown, "Centro Studi Cine Club Rodolfo Valentino Castellaneta." At the centennial of his birth several events were held in his honor. From 1972 to 2006 an Italian acting award, "The Rudolph Valentino Award", was handed out every year. Several actors from all over the world received this award including Leonardo DiCaprio and Elizabeth Taylor.
In 2006, the Italians planned a one-off film festival to celebrate the opening of the Museo Rodolfo Valentino. In May 2010, the American Society held The Rudolph Valentino Film Festival in Los Angeles, California.
Films about Valentino
The life of Rudolph Valentino has been filmed a number of times for television and the big screen. One of these biopics is Ken Russell's 1977 film, ''Valentino'', in which Valentino is portrayed by Rudolf Nureyev. The film itself is only loosely based on his life.An earlier feature film about Valentino's life, also called ''Valentino'', was released in 1951, starring Anthony Dexter as Valentino.
In 2003, Edoardo Ballerini premiered the short film ''Good Night Valentino'' at the Sundance Film Festival to critical acclaim. It is based on the transcripts of the conversation between Rudolph Valentino and H.L. Mencken.
In 2010, Italian film director Giuseppe Sansonna shot the documentary film, ''The Sheik from Castellaneta'', on the cult of Valentino in Castellaneta, where he is still considered a demigod. The film shows the curious, sometimes even grotesque, forms that Valentino's myth has taken in local popular culture.
In 2011 American full length silent film "Death of the Sheik" (Silent Life), directed by Vlad Kozlov, is produced and will be premiered in late 2011 in Hollywood.
The original Royal Hawaiian resort was fashioned in a Spanish-Moorish style which was popular during the time period and influenced by screen star Rudolph Valentino.
Filmography
| ! Year | ! Title | ! Role | Notes |
| 1914 | ''My Official Wife'' | Extra | Uncredited |
| 1914 | Dance Extra | Uncredited | |
| 1916 | ''The Quest of Life'' | Uncredited | |
| 1916 | ''The Foolish Virgin'' | Uncredited | |
| 1916 | ''Seventeen'' | Extra | Uncredited |
| 1917 | ''Alimony'' | Dancer | Uncredited |
| 1917 | ''Patria'' | ||
| 1918 | ''A Society Sensation'' | Dick Bradley | as Rudolpho De Valentina |
| 1918 | ''All Night'' | Richard Thayer | as Rudolpho di Valentina |
| 1918 | ''The Married Virgin'' | Count Roberto di San Fraccini | as Rodolfo di Valentini |
| 1919 | ''The Delicious Little Devil'' | Jimmy Calhoun | as Rudolpho De Valintine |
| 1919 | ''The Big Little Person'' | Arthur Endicott | as M. Rodolpho De Valentina |
| 1919 | ''A Rogue's Romance'' | Apache Dancer | as Rudolph Volantino |
| 1919 | ''The Homebreaker'' | Dance Extra | Uncredited |
| 1919 | ''Out of Luck'' | ||
| 1919 | ''Virtuous Sinners'' | Bit Part | |
| 1919 | ''The Fog'' | ||
| 1919 | ''Nobody Home'' | Maurice Rennard | as Rodolph Valentine |
| 1919 | ''Eyes of Youth'' | Clarence Morgan | as Rudolfo Valentino |
| 1920 | Jose Dalmarez | as Rudolph Valentine | |
| 1920 | Jacques Rudanyi | as Rodolph Valentino | |
| 1920 | ''The Cheater'' | Extra | Uncredited |
| 1920 | ''Passion's Playground'' | Prince Angelo Della Robbia | as Rudolph Valentine |
| 1920 | ''The Wonderful Chance'' | Joe Klingsby | |
| 1921 | Julio Desnoyers | ||
| 1921 | ''Uncharted Seas'' | Frank Underwood | |
| 1921 | ''The Conquering Power'' | Charles Grandet | |
| 1921 | Sheik Ahmed Ben Hassan | ||
| 1921 | Armand Duval / Manon's Lover in Daydream | ||
| 1922 | ''Moran of the Lady Letty '' | Ramon Laredo | |
| 1922 | Lord Hector Bracondale | ||
| 1922 | Juan Gallardo | as Rodolph Valentino | |
| 1922 | ''The Young Rajah'' | Amos Judd, also known as the Maharajah Sirdir Singh | as Rodolph Valentino |
| 1924 | Duke de Chartres/Beaucaire | ||
| 1924 | ''A Sainted Devil'' | Don Alonzo Castro | |
| 1925 | Count Rodrigo Torriani | ||
| 1925 | Lt. Vladimir Dubrovsky, aka The Black Eagle and Marcel Le Blanc | ||
| 1926 | ''The Son of the Sheik'' | Ahmed, the Sheik's Son / Sheik Ahmed Ben Hassan | Final film |
References
Bibliography
External links
Category:American actors Category:Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery Category:Deaths from surgical complications Category:Deaths from peritonitis Category:American people of Italian descent Category:Italian expatriates in the United States Category:Italian actors Category:Italian film actors Category:American film actors Category:Italian emigrants to the United States Category:Italian silent film actors Category:People from the Province of Taranto Category:20th-century actors Category:1895 births Category:1926 deaths
ar:رودلف فالنتينو az:Rudolf Valentino bg:Рудолфо Валентино ca:Rodolfo Valentino da:Rudolph Valentino de:Rudolph Valentino et:Rudolph Valentino es:Rodolfo Valentino eo:Rudolph Valentino eu:Rodolfo Valentino fr:Rudolph Valentino gl:Rodolfo Valentino hr:Rudolph Valentino io:Rodolfo Valentino id:Rudolph Valentino it:Rodolfo Valentino he:רודולף ולנטינו la:Rudolphus Valentino hu:Rudolph Valentino nl:Rudolph Valentino ja:ルドルフ・ヴァレンティノ no:Rudolph Valentino oc:Rodolfo Valentino pl:Rudolf Valentino pt:Rodolfo Valentino ru:Валентино, Рудольф scn:Rudolfu Valintinu simple:Rudolph Valentino sr:Рудолф Валентино sh:Rudolph Valentino fi:Rudolph Valentino sv:Rudolph Valentino roa-tara:Rodolfo Valentino th:รูดอล์ฟ วาเลนติโน tr:Rudolph Valentino uk:Рудольф Валентіно zh:魯道夫·瓦倫蒂諾This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 28°36′50″N77°12′32″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Kurt Vonnegut |
| Birth name | Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. |
| Birth date | November 11, 1922 |
| Birth place | Indianapolis, Indiana, United States |
| Death date | April 11, 2007 |
| Death place | New York City, United States |
| Occupation | Novelist, essayist |
| Nationality | American |
| Period | 1949–2007 |
| Genre | SatireGallows humorScience fiction |
| Influences | ''Subtreasury of American Humor'', Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Joseph Heller, William March, Mark Twain, George Orwell, Eugene V. Debs, Powers Hapgood, George Bernard Shaw, James Thurber, James Joyce, Aldous Huxley |
| Influenced | Douglas Adams, Bill Bryson, Paul Auster, Mitch Berman, T. Coraghessan Boyle, Jhonen Vasquez, Louis Sachar, George Saunders, Haruki Murakami, Carlton Mellick III, Kula Shaker, Chris Bachelder, James Rivera, John Irving, Aka Morchiladze, Jon Stewart |
| website | http://vonnegut.com/ }} |
Life
Early years
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, to third-generation German-American parents, Kurt Vonnegut, Sr., and Edith Lieber. Both his father and his grandfather Bernard Vonnegut attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology and were architects in the Indianapolis firm of Vonnegut & Bohn. His great-grandfather Clemens Vonnegut, Sr. was the founder of the Vonnegut Hardware Company, an Indianapolis institution. Vonnegut graduated from Shortridge High School in Indianapolis in May 1940 and matriculated to Cornell University that fall. Though majoring in chemistry, he was Assistant Managing Editor and Associate Editor of ''The Cornell Daily Sun''. He was a member of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity, as was his father. While at Cornell, Vonnegut enlisted in the U.S. Army. The Army transferred him to the Carnegie Institute of Technology and the University of Tennessee to study mechanical engineering. On Mothers' Day in 1944, his mother committed suicide with sleeping pills.
World War II
Kurt Vonnegut's experience as a soldier and prisoner of war had a profound influence on his later work. As a private with the 423rd Infantry Regiment, 106th Infantry Division, Vonnegut was captured during the Battle of the Bulge on December 19, 1944, after the 106th was cut off from the rest of Courtney Hodges's First Army. "The other American divisions on our flanks managed to pull out: We were obliged to stay and fight. Bayonets aren't much good against tanks..." Imprisoned in Dresden, Vonnegut was chosen as a leader of the POWs because he spoke some German. After telling the German guards "...just what I was going to do to them when the Russians came..." he was beaten and had his position as leader taken away. While a prisoner, he witnessed the fire bombing of Dresden in February 1945 which destroyed most of the city.Vonnegut was one of a group of American prisoners of war to survive the attack in an underground slaughterhouse meat locker used by the Germans as an ad hoc detention facility. The Germans called the building ''Schlachthof Fünf'' (Slaughterhouse Five) which the Allied POWs adopted as the name for their prison. Vonnegut said the aftermath of the attack was "utter destruction" and "carnage unfathomable." This experience was the inspiration for his famous novel, ''Slaughterhouse-Five'', and is a central theme in at least six of his other books. In ''Slaughterhouse-Five'' he recalls that the remains of the city resembled the surface of the moon, and that the Germans put the surviving POWs to work, breaking into basements and bomb shelters to gather bodies for mass burial, while German civilians cursed and threw rocks at them. Vonnegut eventually remarked, "There were too many corpses to bury. So instead the Germans sent in troops with flamethrowers. All these civilians' remains were burned to ashes."
Vonnegut was repatriated by Red Army troops in May 1945 at the Saxony-Czechoslovakian border. Upon returning to America, he was awarded a Purple Heart for what he called a "ludicrously negligible wound," later writing in ''Timequake'' that he was given the decoration after suffering a case of "frostbite".
Post-war career
After the war, Vonnegut attended the University of Chicago as a graduate student in anthropology and also worked at the City News Bureau of Chicago. He described his work there in the late 1940s in terms that could have been used by almost any other City Press reporter of any era: "Well, the Chicago City News Bureau was a tripwire for all the newspapers in town when I was there, and there were five papers, I think. We were out all the time around the clock and every time we came across a really juicy murder or scandal or whatever, they’d send the big time reporters and photographers, otherwise they’d run our stories. So that’s what I was doing, and I was going to university at the same time." Vonnegut admitted that he was a poor anthropology student, with one professor remarking that some of the students were going to be professional anthropologists and he was not one of them. According to Vonnegut in ''Bagombo Snuff Box'', the university rejected his first thesis on the necessity of accounting for the similarities between Cubist painters and the leaders of late 19th Century Native American uprisings, saying it was "unprofessional." He left Chicago to work in Schenectady, New York, in public relations for General Electric, where his brother Bernard worked in the research department. Vonnegut was a technical writer, but was also known for writing well past his typical hours while working. While in Schenectady, Vonnegut lived in the tiny hamlet of Alplaus, located within the town of Glenville, just across the Mohawk River from the city of Schenectady. Vonnegut rented an upstairs apartment located along Alplaus Creek across the street from the Alplaus Volunteer Fire Department, where he was an active Volunteer Fire-Fighter for a few years. To this day, the apartment where Vonnegut lived for a brief time still has a desk at which he wrote many of his short stories; Vonnegut carved his name on its underside. The University of Chicago later accepted his novel ''Cat's Cradle'' as his thesis, citing its anthropological content, and awarded him the M.A. degree in 1971.In the mid 1950s, Vonnegut worked very briefly for ''Sports Illustrated'' magazine, where he was assigned to write a piece on a racehorse that had jumped a fence and attempted to run away. After staring at the blank piece of paper on his typewriter all morning, he typed, "The horse jumped over the fucking fence," and left. On the verge of abandoning writing, Vonnegut was offered a teaching job at the University of Iowa Writers' Workshop. While he was there, ''Cat's Cradle'' became a best-seller, and he began ''Slaughterhouse-Five'', now considered one of the best American novels of the 20th century, appearing on the 100 best lists of ''Time'' magazine and the Modern Library.
Early in his adult life he moved to Barnstable, Massachusetts, a town on Cape Cod, where he managed the first Saab dealership established in the U.S.
Personal life
The author's name appears in print as "Kurt Vonnegut, Jr." throughout the first half of his published writing career; beginning with the 1976 publication of ''Slapstick'', he dropped the "Jr." and was simply billed as Kurt Vonnegut. His older brother, Bernard Vonnegut, was an atmospheric scientist at the University at Albany, SUNY, who discovered that silver iodide could be used for cloud seeding, the process of artificially stimulating precipitation.After returning from World War II, Kurt Vonnegut married his childhood sweetheart, Jane Marie Cox, writing about their courtship in several of his short stories. In the 1960s they lived in Barnstable, Massachusetts, where for a while Vonnegut worked at a Saab dealership. The couple separated in 1970. He did not divorce Cox until 1979, but from 1970 Vonnegut lived with the woman who would later become his second wife, photographer Jill Krementz. Krementz and Vonnegut were married after the divorce from Cox was finalized.
He raised seven children: three from his first marriage; his sister Alice's three children, adopted by Vonnegut after her death from cancer; and a seventh, Lily, adopted with Krementz. His only biological son, Mark Vonnegut, a pediatrician, wrote the book ''The Eden Express: A Memoir of Insanity'' (Seven Stories Press, 2010), about his experiences in the late 1960s and his major psychotic breakdown and recovery. Mark was named after Mark Twain, whom Vonnegut considered an American saint.
His daughter Edith ("Edie"), an artist, was named after Kurt Vonnegut's mother, Edith Lieber. She has had her work published in a book titled ''Domestic Goddesses'' and was once married to Geraldo Rivera. His youngest biological daughter, Nanette ("Nanny"), was named after Nanette Schnull, Vonnegut's paternal grandmother. She is married to realist painter Scott Prior and is the subject of several of his paintings, notably "Nanny and Rose".
Of Vonnegut's four adopted children, three are his nephews: James, Steven, and Kurt Adams; the fourth is Lily, a girl he adopted as an infant in 1982. James, Steven, and Kurt were adopted after a traumatic week in 1958, in which their father James Carmalt Adams was killed on September 15 in the Newark Bay rail crash when his commuter train went off the open Newark Bay bridge in New Jersey, and their mother—Kurt's sister Alice—died of cancer. In ''Slapstick'', Vonnegut recounts that Alice's husband died two days before Alice herself, and her family tried to hide the knowledge from her, but she found out when an ambulatory patient gave her a copy of the ''New York Daily News'' a day before she herself died. The fourth and youngest of the boys, Peter Nice, went to live with a first cousin of their father in Birmingham, Alabama, as an infant. Lily is a singer and actress.
Jane Marie Cox later married Adam Yarmolinsky and wrote an account of the Vonneguts' life with the Adams children. It was published after her death as the book ''Angels Without Wings: A Courageous Family's Triumph Over Tragedy''.
On November 11, 1999, the asteroid 25399 Vonnegut was named in Vonnegut's honor.
On January 31, 2001, a fire destroyed the top story of his home. Vonnegut suffered smoke inhalation and was hospitalized in critical condition for four days. He survived, but his personal archives were destroyed. After leaving the hospital, he recuperated in Northampton, Massachusetts.
Vonnegut smoked unfiltered Pall Mall cigarettes, a habit he referred to as a "classy way to commit suicide".
Vonnegut suffered irreversible brain injuries following a fall at his home and died in Manhattan on April 11, 2007.
Writing career
Vonnegut's first short story, "Report on the Barnhouse Effect" appeared in the February 11, 1950 edition of ''Collier's'' (it has since been reprinted in his short story collection, ''Welcome to the Monkey House''). His first novel was the dystopian novel ''Player Piano'' (1952), in which human workers have been largely replaced by machines. He continued to write short stories before his second novel, ''The Sirens of Titan'', was published in 1959. Through the 1960s, the form of his work changed, from the relatively orthodox structure of ''Cat's Cradle'' (which in 1971 earned him a Master's Degree) to the acclaimed, semi-autobiographical ''Slaughterhouse-Five'', given a more experimental structure by using time travel as a plot device.These structural experiments were continued in ''Breakfast of Champions'' (1973), which includes many rough illustrations, lengthy non-sequiturs and an appearance by the author himself, as a ''deus ex machina''.
:"This is a very bad book you're writing," I said to myself. : :"I know," I said. : :"You're afraid you'll kill yourself the way your mother did," I said. : :"I know," I said.
''Deadeye Dick'', although mostly set in the mid-twentieth century, foreshadows the turbulent times of contemporary America; it ends prophetically with the lines "You want to know something? We are still in the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages — they haven't ended yet." The novel explores themes of social isolation and alienation that are particularly relevant in the postmodern world. Society is seen as openly hostile or indifferent at best, and popular culture as superficial and excessively materialistic.
Vonnegut attempted suicide in 1984 and later wrote about this in several essays.
''Breakfast of Champions'' became one of his best-selling novels. It includes, in addition to the author himself, several of Vonnegut's recurring characters. One of them, science fiction author Kilgore Trout, plays a major role and interacts with the author's character.
In 1974, ''Venus on the Half-Shell'', a book by Philip José Farmer in a style similar to that of Vonnegut and attributed to Kilgore Trout, was published. This caused some confusion among readers, as for some time many assumed that Vonnegut wrote it; when the truth of its authorship came out, Vonnegut was reported as being "not amused". In an issue of the semi-prozine ''The Alien Critic''/''Science Fiction Review'', published by Richard E. Geis, Farmer claimed to have received an angry, obscenity-laden telephone call from Vonnegut about it.
In addition to recurring characters, there are also recurring themes and ideas. One of them is ice-nine (a central wampeter in his novel ''Cat's Cradle'').
Although many of his novels involved science fiction themes, they were widely read and reviewed outside the field, not least due to their anti-authoritarianism. For example, in his seminal short story "Harrison Bergeron" egalitarianism is rigidly enforced by overbearing state authority, engendering horrific repression.
In much of his work, Vonnegut's own voice is apparent, often filtered through the character of science fiction author Kilgore Trout (whose name is based on that of real-life science fiction writer Theodore Sturgeon). It is characterized by wild leaps of imagination and a deep cynicism, tempered by humanism. In the foreword to ''Breakfast of Champions'', Vonnegut wrote that as a child, he saw men with locomotor ataxia, and it struck him that these men walked like broken machines; it followed that healthy people were working machines, suggesting that humans are helpless prisoners of determinism. Vonnegut also explored this theme in ''Slaughterhouse-Five'', in which protagonist Billy Pilgrim "has come unstuck in time" and has so little control over his own life that he cannot even predict which part of it he will be living through from minute to minute. Vonnegut's well-known phrase "So it goes", used ironically in reference to death, also originated in ''Slaughterhouse-Five.'' "Its combination of simplicity, irony, and rue is very much in the Vonnegut vein."
With the publication of his novel ''Timequake'' in 1997, Vonnegut announced his retirement from writing fiction. He continued to write for the magazine ''In These Times'', where he was a senior editor, until his death in 2007, focusing on subjects ranging from contemporary U. S. politics to simple observational pieces on topics such as a trip to the post office. In 2005, many of his essays were collected in a new bestselling book titled ''A Man Without a Country'', which he insisted would be his last contribution to letters.
An August 2006 article reported:
:He has stalled finishing his highly anticipated novel ''If God Were Alive Today'' — or so he claims. "I've given up on it... It won't happen... The Army kept me on because I could type, so I was typing other people's discharges and stuff. And my feeling was, 'Please, I've done everything I was supposed to do. Can I go home now?' That's what I feel right now. I've written books. Lots of them. Please, I've done everything I'm supposed to do. Can I go home now?"
The April 2008 issue of ''Playboy'' featured the first published excerpt from ''Armageddon in Retrospect'', the first posthumous collection of Vonnegut's work. The book itself was published in the same month. It included never before published short stories by the writer and a letter that was written to his family during World War II when Vonnegut was captured as a prisoner of war. The book also contains drawings by Vonnegut and a speech he wrote shortly before his death. The introduction was written by his son, Mark Vonnegut.
Vonnegut also taught at Harvard University, where he was a lecturer in English, and the City College of New York, where he was a Distinguished Professor.
Art career
Vonnegut's work as a graphic artist began with his illustrations for ''Slaughterhouse-Five'' and developed with ''Breakfast of Champions'', which included numerous felt-tip pen illustrations. Later in his career, he became more interested in artwork, particularly silk-screen prints, which he pursued in collaboration with Joe Petro III.In 2004, Vonnegut participated in the project ''The Greatest Album Covers That Never Were'', for which he created an album cover for Phish called ''Hook, Line and Sinker'', which has been included in a traveling exhibition for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Politics
Vonnegut was deeply influenced by early Socialist labor leaders, especially Indiana natives Powers Hapgood and Eugene V. Debs, and he frequently quoted them in his work. He named characters after both Debs (Eugene Debs Hartke in ''Hocus Pocus'' and Eugene Debs Metzger in ''Deadeye Dick'') and Russian Communist leader Leon Trotsky (Leon Trotsky Trout in ''Galápagos''). He was a lifetime member of the American Civil Liberties Union and was featured in a print advertisement for them.In 1968, he signed the “Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War.
Vonnegut frequently addressed moral and political issues but rarely dealt with specific political figures until after his retirement from fiction. Though the downfall of Walter Starbuck, a minor Nixon administration bureaucrat who is the narrator and main character in ''Jailbird'' (1979), would not have occurred but for the Watergate scandal, the focus is not on the administration. His collection ''God Bless You, Dr. Kevorkian'' referenced controversial assisted suicide proponent Jack Kevorkian.
With his columns for ''In These Times'', he began an attack on the Bush administration and the Iraq war. "By saying that our leaders are power-drunk chimpanzees, am I in danger of wrecking the morale of our soldiers fighting and dying in the Middle East?" he wrote. "Their morale, like so many bodies, is already shot to pieces. They are being treated, as I never was, like toys a rich kid got for Christmas." ''In These Times'' quoted him as saying "The only difference between Hitler and Bush is that Hitler was elected." In a 2003 interview Vonnegut said, "I myself feel that our country, for whose Constitution I fought in a just war, might as well have been invaded by Martians and body snatchers. Sometimes I wish it had been. What has happened, though, is that it has been taken over by means of the sleaziest, low-comedy, Keystone Cops-style coup d’etat imaginable. And those now in charge of the federal government are upper-crust C-students who know no history or geography, plus not-so-closeted white supremacists, aka 'Christians,' and plus, most frighteningly, psychopathic personalities,or 'PPs.'" When asked how he was doing at the start of a 2003 interview, he replied: "I'm mad about being old and I'm mad about being American. Apart from that, OK."
He did not regard the 2004 election with much optimism; speaking of Bush and John Kerry, he said that "no matter which one wins, we will have a Skull and Bones President at a time when entire vertebrate species, because of how we have poisoned the topsoil, the waters and the atmosphere, are becoming, hey presto, nothing but skulls and bones."
In 2005, Vonnegut was interviewed by David Nason for ''The Australian''. During the course of the interview Vonnegut was asked his opinion of modern terrorists, to which he replied, "I regard them as very brave people." When pressed further Vonnegut also said that "They [suicide bombers] are dying for their own self-respect. It's a terrible thing to deprive someone of their self-respect. It's [like] your culture is nothing, your Race is nothing, you're nothing ... It is sweet and noble—sweet and honourable I guess it is—to die for what you believe in." (This last statement is a reference to the line "Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori" ["it is sweet and fitting to die for one's country"] from Horace's ''Odes'', or possibly to Wilfred Owen's ironic use of the line in his ''Dulce Et Decorum Est''.) Nason took offense at Vonnegut's comments and characterized him as an old man who "doesn't want to live any more ... and because he can't find anything worthwhile to keep him alive, he finds defending terrorists somehow amusing." Vonnegut's son, Mark, responded to the article by writing an editorial to the ''Boston Globe'' in which he explained the reasons behind his father's "provocative posturing" and stated that "If these commentators can so badly misunderstand and underestimate an utterly unguarded English-speaking 83-year-old man with an extensive public record of saying exactly what he thinks, maybe we should worry about how well they understand an enemy they can't figure out what to call."
A 2006 interview with ''Rolling Stone'' stated, " ... it's not surprising that he disdains everything about the Iraq War. The very notion that more than 2,500 U.S. soldiers have been killed in what he sees as an unnecessary conflict makes him groan. 'Honestly, I wish Nixon were president,' Vonnegut laments. 'Bush is so ignorant.' "
Though he was a dissident to the end, Vonnegut held a bleak view on the power of artists to effect change. "During the Vietnam War," he told an interviewer in 2003, "every respectable artist in this country was against the war. It was like a laser beam. We were all aimed in the same direction. The power of this weapon turns out to be that of a custard pie dropped from a stepladder six feet high."
Religion
Vonnegut was descended from a family of German freethinkers, who were skeptical of "conventional religious beliefs." His great-grandfather Clemens Vonnegut had authored a freethought book titled ''Instruction in Morals'', as well as an address for his own funeral in which he denied the existence of God, an afterlife, and Christian doctrines about sin and salvation. Kurt Vonnegut reproduced his great-grandfather's funeral address in his book ''Palm Sunday'', and identified these freethought views as his "ancestral religion," declaring it a mystery as to how it was passed on to him.Vonnegut described himself variously as a skeptic, freethinker, humanist, Unitarian Universalist, agnostic, and atheist. He disbelieved in the supernatural, considered religious doctrine to be "so much arbitrary, clearly invented balderdash," and believed people were motivated by loneliness to join religions.
Vonnegut considered humanism to be a modern-day form of freethought, and advocated it in various writings, speeches and interviews. His ties to organized humanism included membership as a Humanist Laureate in the Council for Secular Humanism's International Academy of Humanism. In 1992, the American Humanist Association named him the Humanist of the Year. Vonnegut went on to serve as honorary president of the American Humanist Association (AHA), having taken over the position from his late colleague Isaac Asimov, and serving until his own death in 2007. In a letter to AHA members, Vonnegut wrote: "I am a humanist, which means, in part, that I have tried to behave decently without expectations of rewards or punishments after I am dead."
Vonnegut was at one time a member of a Unitarian congregation. ''Palm Sunday'' reproduces a sermon he delivered to the First Parish Unitarian Church in Cambridge, Massachusetts, concerning William Ellery Channing, who was a principal founder of Unitarianism in the United States. In 1986, Vonnegut spoke to a gathering of Unitarian Universalists in Rochester, New York, and the text of his speech is reprinted in his book ''Fates Worse Than Death''. Also reprinted in that book was a "mass" by Vonnegut, which was performed by a Unitarian Universalist choir in Buffalo, New York. Vonnegut identified Unitarianism as the religion that many in his freethinking family turned to when freethought and other German "enthusiasms" became unpopular in the United States during the World Wars. Vonnegut's parents were married by a Unitarian minister, and his son had at one time aspired to become a Unitarian minister.
Vonnegut's views on religion were unconventional and nuanced. While rejecting the divinity of Jesus, he was nevertheless an ardent admirer, and believed that Jesus's Beatitudes informed his own humanist outlook. While he often identified himself as an agnostic or atheist, he also frequently spoke of God. Despite describing freethought, humanism and agnosticism as his "ancestral religion," and despite being a Unitarian, he also spoke of himself as being irreligious. A press release by the American Humanist Association described him as "completely secular."
Self-assessment
In his book ''Bagombo Snuff Box: Uncollected Short Fiction'', Vonnegut listed eight rules for writing a short story:#Use the time of a total stranger in such a way that he or she will not feel the time was wasted. #Give the reader at least one character he or she can root for. #Every character should want something, even if it is only a glass of water. #Every sentence must do one of two things—reveal character or advance the action. #Start as close to the end as possible. #Be a Sadist. No matter how sweet and innocent your leading characters, make awful things happen to them—in order that the reader may see what they are made of. #Write to please just one person. If you open a window and make love to the world, so to speak, your story will get pneumonia. #Give your readers as much information as possible as soon as possible. To hell with suspense. Readers should have such complete understanding of what is going on, where and why, that they could finish the story themselves, should cockroaches eat the last few pages.
Vonnegut qualifies the list by adding that Flannery O'Connor broke all these rules except the first, and that great writers tend to do that. He wrote an earlier version of writing tips that was even more straightforward and contained only seven rules (though it advised using ''Elements of Style'' for more indepth advice).
In "The Sexual Revolution", Chapter 18 of his book ''Palm Sunday'', Vonnegut grades his own works. He states that the grades "do not place me in literary history" and that he is comparing "myself with myself." The grades are as follows:
Appearances
Tributes
Bibliography
References
Further reading
External links
Category:1922 births Category:2007 deaths Category:Accidental deaths from falls Category:Accidental deaths in New York Category:American agnostics Category:American anti–Iraq War activists Category:American anarchists Category:American atheists Category:American essayists Category:American humanists Category:American military personnel of World War II Category:American novelists Category:American pacifists Category:American prisoners of war Category:American satirists Category:American science fiction writers Category:American short story writers Category:American socialists Category:American tax resisters Category:American Unitarian Universalists Category:Cornell University alumni Category:General Electric people Category:American writers of German descent Category:Iowa Writers' Workshop faculty Category:Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Category:People from Barnstable, Massachusetts Category:People from Indianapolis, Indiana Category:Postmodern writers Category:Recipients of the Purple Heart medal Category:United States Army soldiers Category:University of Chicago alumni Category:University of Iowa faculty Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany Category:Writers from Indiana Category:Writers from Massachusetts Category:Writers who illustrated their own writing Category:Vonnegut family Category:Harvard University faculty Category:City College of New York faculty
ar:كورت فونيجت bn:কুর্ট ভনেগাট zh-min-nan:Kurt Vonnegut be-x-old:Курт Вонэгут bg:Кърт Вонегът ca:Kurt Vonnegut cv:Воннегут Курт cs:Kurt Vonnegut cy:Kurt Vonnegut da:Kurt Vonnegut de:Kurt Vonnegut et:Kurt Vonnegut el:Κουρτ Βόνεγκατ es:Kurt Vonnegut eo:Kurt Vonnegut fa:کورت وانگات fr:Kurt Vonnegut gl:Kurt Vonnegut ko:커트 보니것 id:Kurt Vonnegut is:Kurt Vonnegut it:Kurt Vonnegut he:קורט וונגוט la:Curtius Vonnegut lv:Kurts Vonnegūts lb:Kurt Vonnegut lt:Kurt Vonnegut hu:Kurt Vonnegut mk:Курт Вонегат nl:Kurt Vonnegut ja:カート・ヴォネガット no:Kurt Vonnegut nn:Kurt Vonnegut pms:Kurt Vonnegut pl:Kurt Vonnegut pt:Kurt Vonnegut ro:Kurt Vonnegut ru:Воннегут, Курт se:Kurt Vonnegut simple:Kurt Vonnegut sk:Kurt Vonnegut sl:Kurt Vonnegut szl:Kurt Vonnegut sr:Курт Вонегат sh:Kurt Vonnegut fi:Kurt Vonnegut sv:Kurt Vonnegut ta:கர்ட் வானெகெட் tr:Kurt Vonnegut uk:Курт Воннеґут yo:Kurt Vonnegut zh:库尔特·冯内古特This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
14:28
Complete Inuit shaman life story 1922
isumaproductions
Complete Inuit shaman life story 1922
Scene from The Journals of Knud Rasmussen. Download the full movie pay-what-you-can on our website, www.isuma.tv. Visit our website, dedicated to Indigenous media from around the world. Now with over 2600 videos in more than 46 languages. H...
9:59
MIRAN Pastourma Soujouk from 1922
mirankou
MIRAN Pastourma Soujouk from 1922
The MIRAN company was established in 1922 by Miran Kourounlian, who created a small unit of pastourma and soutzouki production for the good service of some devotee friends of his. The quality of the good pastourma and soutzouki was spread a...
5:02
Kristin Thompson on La roue (1922, dir. Abel Gance)
alsolikelife
Kristin Thompson on La roue (1922, dir. Abel Gance)
Video essay on La roue (1922, dir. Abel Gance) featuring commentary by Kristin Thompson, author of The Frodo Franchise and co-author of Film Art: An Introduction and Film History: An Introduction. Part of the Shooting Down Pictures project....
show more
Video Suggestions
